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Maclachlan KH, Gitareja K, Kang J, Cuddihy A, Cao Y, Hein N, Cullinane C, Ang CS, Brajanovski N, Pearson RB, Khot A, Sanij E, Hannan RD, Poortinga G, Harrison SJ. Targeting the ribosome to treat multiple myeloma. Mol Ther Oncol 2024; 32:200771. [PMID: 38596309 PMCID: PMC10905045 DOI: 10.1016/j.omton.2024.200771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The high rates of protein synthesis and processing render multiple myeloma (MM) cells vulnerable to perturbations in protein homeostasis. The induction of proteotoxic stress by targeting protein degradation with proteasome inhibitors (PIs) has revolutionized the treatment of MM. However, resistance to PIs is inevitable and represents an ongoing clinical challenge. Our first-in-human study of the selective inhibitor of RNA polymerase I transcription of ribosomal RNA genes, CX-5461, has demonstrated a potential signal for anti-tumor activity in three of six heavily pre-treated MM patients. Here, we show that CX-5461 has potent anti-myeloma activity in PI-resistant MM preclinical models in vitro and in vivo. In addition to inhibiting ribosome biogenesis, CX-5461 causes topoisomerase II trapping and replication-dependent DNA damage, leading to G2/M cell-cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death. Combining CX-5461 with PI does not further enhance the anti-myeloma activity of CX-5461 in vivo. In contrast, CX-5461 shows synergistic interaction with the histone deacetylase inhibitor panobinostat in both the Vk∗MYC and the 5T33-KaLwRij mouse models of MM by targeting ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis through distinct mechanisms. Our findings thus provide strong evidence to facilitate the clinical development of targeting the ribosome to treat relapsed and refractory MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylee H. Maclachlan
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Clinical Hematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kezia Gitareja
- St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine- St Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jian Kang
- St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine- St Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Cuddihy
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yuxi Cao
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Clinical Hematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nadine Hein
- The ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Carleen Cullinane
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ching-Seng Ang
- The Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Natalie Brajanovski
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard B. Pearson
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Amit Khot
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Clinical Hematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Elaine Sanij
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine- St Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ross D. Hannan
- The ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gretchen Poortinga
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Simon J. Harrison
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Clinical Hematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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2
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Steins A, Carroll C, Choong FJ, George AJ, He JS, Parsons KM, Feng S, Man SM, Kam C, van Loon LM, Poh P, Ferreira R, Mann GJ, Gruen RL, Hannan KM, Hannan RD, Schulte KM. Cell death and barrier disruption by clinically used iodine concentrations. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201875. [PMID: 36944419 PMCID: PMC10031031 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Povidone-iodine (PVP-I) inactivates a broad range of pathogens. Despite its widespread use over decades, the safety of PVP-I remains controversial. Its extended use in the current SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic urges the need to clarify safety features of PVP-I on a cellular level. Our investigation in epithelial, mesothelial, endothelial, and innate immune cells revealed that the toxicity of PVP-I is caused by diatomic iodine (I2), which is rapidly released from PVP-I to fuel organic halogenation with fast first-order kinetics. Eukaryotic toxicity manifests at below clinically used concentrations with a threshold of 0.1% PVP-I (wt/vol), equalling 1 mM of total available I2 Above this threshold, membrane disruption, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and abolition of oxidative phosphorylation induce a rapid form of cell death we propose to term iodoptosis. Furthermore, PVP-I attacks lipid rafts, leading to the failure of tight junctions and thereby compromising the barrier functions of surface-lining cells. Thus, the therapeutic window of PVP-I is considerably narrower than commonly believed. Our findings urge the reappraisal of PVP-I in clinical practice to avert unwarranted toxicity whilst safeguarding its benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Steins
- Division of Genome Sciences and Cancer, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
- College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Christina Carroll
- College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Fui Jiun Choong
- Division of Genome Sciences and Cancer, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Amee J George
- Division of Genome Sciences and Cancer, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
- ANU Centre for Therapeutic Discovery, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Jin-Shu He
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Kate M Parsons
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Shouya Feng
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Si Ming Man
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Cathelijne Kam
- Division of Genome Sciences and Cancer, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Lex M van Loon
- Division of Genome Sciences and Cancer, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
- College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Perlita Poh
- Division of Genome Sciences and Cancer, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Rita Ferreira
- Division of Genome Sciences and Cancer, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Graham J Mann
- Division of Genome Sciences and Cancer, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
- College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Russell L Gruen
- College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Katherine M Hannan
- Division of Genome Sciences and Cancer, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
- College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Ross D Hannan
- Division of Genome Sciences and Cancer, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
- College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Klaus-Martin Schulte
- Division of Genome Sciences and Cancer, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
- College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Kang CW, Blackburn AC, Loh AHP, Hong KC, Goh JY, Hein N, Drygin D, Parish CR, Hannan RD, Hannan KM, Coupland LA. Targeting RNA Polymerase I Transcription Activity in Osteosarcoma: Pre-Clinical Molecular and Animal Treatment Studies. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041133. [PMID: 37189750 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The survival rate of patients with osteosarcoma (OS) has not improved over the last 30 years. Mutations in the genes TP53, RB1 and c-Myc frequently occur in OS and enhance RNA Polymerase I (Pol I) activity, thus supporting uncontrolled cancer cell proliferation. We therefore hypothesised that Pol I inhibition may be an effective therapeutic strategy for this aggressive cancer. The Pol I inhibitor CX-5461 has demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in different cancers in pre-clinical and phase I clinical trials; thus, the effects were determined on ten human OS cell lines. Following characterisation using genome profiling and Western blotting, RNA Pol I activity, cell proliferation and cell cycle progression were evaluated in vitro, and the growth of TP53 wild-type and mutant tumours was measured in a murine allograft model and in two human xenograft OS models. CX-5461 treatment resulted in reduced ribosomal DNA (rDNA) transcription and Growth 2 (G2)-phase cell cycle arrest in all OS cell lines. Additionally, tumour growth in all allograft and xenograft OS models was effectively suppressed without apparent toxicity. Our study demonstrates the efficacy of Pol I inhibition against OS with varying genetic alterations. This study provides pre-clinical evidence to support this novel therapeutic approach in OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Won Kang
- The Division of Genome Science and Cancer, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Anneke C Blackburn
- The Division of Genome Science and Cancer, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Amos Hong Pheng Loh
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
| | - Kuick Chick Hong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
| | - Jian Yuan Goh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
| | - Nadine Hein
- The Division of Genome Science and Cancer, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Denis Drygin
- Regulus Therapeutics, 4224 Campus Point C, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Chris R Parish
- The Division of Genome Science and Cancer, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Ross D Hannan
- The Division of Genome Science and Cancer, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra 2601, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia 4067, Australia
| | - Katherine M Hannan
- The Division of Genome Science and Cancer, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra 2601, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Lucy A Coupland
- The Division of Genome Science and Cancer, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra 2601, Australia
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Wong MRE, Lim KH, Hee EXY, Chen H, Kuick CH, Jet AS, Chang KTE, Sulaiman NS, Low SY, Hartono S, Tran ANT, Ahamed SH, Lam CMJ, Soh SY, Hannan KM, Hannan RD, Coupland LA, Loh AHP. Targeting Mutant Dicer Tumorigenesis in Pleuropulmonary Blastoma via Inhibition of RNA Polymerase I. Transl Res 2023:S1931-5244(23)00041-5. [PMID: 36921796 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
DICER1 mutations predispose to increased risk for various cancers, particularly pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB), the commonest lung malignancy of childhood. There is a paucity of directly actionable molecular targets as these tumors are driven by loss-of-function mutations of DICER1. Therapeutic development for PPB is further limited by a lack of biologically and physiologically-representative disease models. Given recent evidence of Dicer's role as a haploinsufficient tumor suppressor regulating RNA polymerase I (Pol I), Pol I inhibition could abrogate mutant Dicer-mediated accumulation of stalled polymerases to trigger apoptosis. Hence, we developed a novel sub-pleural orthotopic PPB patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model that retained both RNase IIIa and IIIb hotspot mutations and recapitulated the cardiorespiratory physiology of intra-thoracic disease, and with it evaluated the tolerability and efficacy of first-in-class Pol I inhibitor CX-5461. In PDX tumors, CX-5461 significantly reduced H3K9 di-methylation and increased nuclear p53 expression, within 24 hours' exposure. Following treatment at the maximum tolerated dosing regimen (12 doses, 30mg/kg), tumors were smaller and less hemorrhagic than controls, with significantly decreased cellular proliferation, and increased apoptosis. As demonstrated in a novel intra-thoracic tumor model of PPB, Pol I inhibition with CX-5461 could be a tolerable and clinically-feasible therapeutic strategy for mutant Dicer tumors, inducing anti-tumor effects by decreasing H3K9 methylation and enhancing p53-mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Rui En Wong
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899
| | - Kia Hui Lim
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597
| | - Esther Xuan Yi Hee
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899
| | - Huiyi Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899
| | - Chik Hong Kuick
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899
| | - Aw Sze Jet
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899
| | - Kenneth Tou En Chang
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899; Duke-NUS School of Medicine, Singapore 169857
| | - Nurfarhanah Syed Sulaiman
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899; Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore 308433
| | - Sharon Yy Low
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899; Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore 308433; Duke-NUS School of Medicine, Singapore 169857
| | - Septian Hartono
- Department of Oncologic Imaging, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610
| | - Anh Nguyen Tuan Tran
- Department of Oncologic Imaging, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610
| | - Summaiyya Hanum Ahamed
- Duke-NUS School of Medicine, Singapore 169857; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899
| | - Ching Mei Joyce Lam
- Duke-NUS School of Medicine, Singapore 169857; Department of Paediatric Subspecialties Haematology/Oncology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899
| | - Shui Yen Soh
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899; Duke-NUS School of Medicine, Singapore 169857; Department of Paediatric Subspecialties Haematology/Oncology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899
| | - Katherine M Hannan
- Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, the Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ross D Hannan
- Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, the Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lucy A Coupland
- Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, the Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Amos Hong Pheng Loh
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, Children's Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899; Duke-NUS School of Medicine, Singapore 169857; Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899.
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Zaytseva O, Mitchell NC, Muckle D, Delandre C, Nie Z, Werner JK, Lis JT, Eyras E, Hannan RD, Levens DL, Marshall OJ, Quinn LM. Psi promotes Drosophila wing growth via direct transcriptional activation of cell cycle targets and repression of growth inhibitors. Development 2023; 150:286725. [PMID: 36692218 PMCID: PMC10110491 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The first characterised FUSE Binding Protein family member, FUBP1, binds single-stranded DNA to activate MYC transcription. Psi, the sole FUBP protein in Drosophila, binds RNA to regulate P-element and mRNA splicing. Our previous work revealed pro-growth functions for Psi, which depend, in part, on transcriptional activation of Myc. Genome-wide functions for FUBP family proteins in transcriptional control remain obscure. Here, through the first genome-wide binding and expression profiles obtained for a FUBP family protein, we demonstrate that, in addition to being required to activate Myc to promote cell growth, Psi also directly binds and activates stg to couple growth and cell division. Thus, Psi knockdown results in reduced cell division in the wing imaginal disc. In addition to activating these pro-proliferative targets, Psi directly represses transcription of the growth inhibitor tolkin (tok, a metallopeptidase implicated in TGFβ signalling). We further demonstrate tok overexpression inhibits proliferation, while tok loss of function increases mitosis alone and suppresses impaired cell division caused by Psi knockdown. Thus, Psi orchestrates growth through concurrent transcriptional activation of the pro-proliferative genes Myc and stg, in combination with repression of the growth inhibitor tok.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Zaytseva
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Naomi C Mitchell
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Damien Muckle
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Caroline Delandre
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
| | - Zuqin Nie
- National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - John T Lis
- Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Eduardo Eyras
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Ross D Hannan
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | | | - Owen J Marshall
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
| | - Leonie M Quinn
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
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Hannan KM, Soo P, Wong MS, Lee JK, Hein N, Poh P, Wysoke KD, Williams TD, Montellese C, Smith LK, Al-Obaidi SJ, Núñez-Villacís L, Pavy M, He JS, Parsons KM, Loring KE, Morrison T, Diesch J, Burgio G, Ferreira R, Feng ZP, Gould CM, Madhamshettiwar PB, Flygare J, Gonda TJ, Simpson KJ, Kutay U, Pearson RB, Engel C, Watkins NJ, Hannan RD, George AJ. Nuclear stabilization of p53 requires a functional nucleolar surveillance pathway. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111571. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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7
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Gauthier-Coles G, Bröer A, McLeod MD, George AJ, Hannan RD, Bröer S. Identification and characterization of a novel SNAT2 (SLC38A2) inhibitor reveals synergy with glucose transport inhibition in cancer cells. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:963066. [PMID: 36210829 PMCID: PMC9532951 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.963066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
SNAT2 (SLC38A2) is a sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter, which is important for the accumulation of amino acids as nutrients, the maintenance of cellular osmolarity, and the activation of mTORC1. It also provides net glutamine for glutaminolysis and consequently presents as a potential target to treat cancer. A high-throughput screening assay was developed to identify new inhibitors of SNAT2 making use of the inducible nature of SNAT2 and its electrogenic mechanism. Using an optimized FLIPR membrane potential (FMP) assay, a curated scaffold library of 33934 compounds was screened to identify 3-(N-methyl (4-methylphenyl)sulfonamido)-N-(2-trifluoromethylbenzyl)thiophene-2-carboxamide as a potent inhibitor of SNAT2. In two different assays an IC50 of 0.8–3 µM was determined. The compound discriminated against the close transporter homologue SNAT1. MDA-MB-231 breast cancer and HPAFII pancreatic cancer cell lines tolerated the SNAT2 inhibitor up to a concentration of 100 µM but in combination with tolerable doses of the glucose transport inhibitor Bay-876, proliferative growth of both cell lines was halted. This points to synergy between inhibition of glycolysis and glutaminolysis in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Gauthier-Coles
- Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Angelika Bröer
- Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Malcolm Donald McLeod
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Amee J. George
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Ross D. Hannan
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Stefan Bröer
- Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- *Correspondence: Stefan Bröer,
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8
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Sharma D, Denmat SHL, Matzke NJ, Hannan K, Hannan RD, O'Sullivan JM, Ganley ARD. A new method for determining ribosomal DNA copy number shows differences between Saccharomyces cerevisiae populations. Genomics 2022; 114:110430. [PMID: 35830947 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ribosomal DNA genes (rDNA) encode the major ribosomal RNAs and in eukaryotes typically form tandem repeat arrays. Species have characteristic rDNA copy numbers, but there is substantial intra-species variation in copy number that results from frequent rDNA recombination. Copy number differences can have phenotypic consequences, however difficulties in quantifying copy number mean we lack a comprehensive understanding of how copy number evolves and the consequences. Here we present a genomic sequence read approach to estimate rDNA copy number based on modal coverage to help overcome limitations with existing mean coverage-based approaches. We validated our method using Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains with known rDNA copy numbers. Application of our pipeline to a global sample of S. cerevisiae isolates showed that different populations have different rDNA copy numbers. Our results demonstrate the utility of the modal coverage method, and highlight the high level of rDNA copy number variation within and between populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Sharma
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sylvie Hermann-Le Denmat
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Nicholas J Matzke
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Katherine Hannan
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, ACT 2601, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Ross D Hannan
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, ACT 2601, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Justin M O'Sullivan
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Center, University of Auckland, New Zealand; MRC Lifecourse Unit, University of Southampton, United Kingdom; Brain Research New Zealand, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Austen R D Ganley
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Kang CW, Hannan KM, Blackburn AC, Loh AHP, Hong KC, Yuan GJ, Hein N, Drygin D, Hannan RD, Coupland LA. The therapeutic potential of RNA Polymerase I transcription inhibitor, CX-5461, in uterine leiomyosarcoma. Invest New Drugs 2022; 40:529-536. [PMID: 35201535 PMCID: PMC9098598 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-022-01222-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Background. Uterine leiomyosarcoma is a rare aggressive smooth muscle cancer with poor survival rates. RNA Polymerase I (Pol I) activity is elevated in many cancers supporting tumour growth and prior studies in uterine leiomyosarcoma revealed enlarged nucleoli and upregulated Pol I activity-related genes. This study aimed to investigate the anti-tumour potential of CX-5461, a Pol I transcription inhibitor currently being evaluated in clinical trials for several cancers, against the human uterine leiomyosarcoma cell line, SK-UT-1. Methods. SK-UT-1 was characterised using genome profiling and western blotting. The anti-tumour effects of CX-5461 were investigated using cell proliferation assays, expression analysis using qRT-PCR, and BrdU/PI based cell cycle analysis. Results. Genetic analysis of SK-UT-1 revealed mutations in TP53, RB1, PTEN, APC and TSC1 & 2, all potentially associated with increased Pol I activity. Protein expression analysis showed dysregulated p53, RB1 and c-Myc. CX-5461 treatment resulted in an anti-proliferation response, G2 phase cell-cycle arrest and on-target activity demonstrated by reduced ribosomal DNA transcription. Conclusions. SK-UT-1 was confirmed as a representative model of uterine leiomyosarcoma and CX-5461 has significant potential as a novel adjuvant for this rare cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Won Kang
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Katherine M Hannan
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia
| | - Anneke C Blackburn
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Amos H P Loh
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Bukit Timah, Singapore
| | - Kuick Chik Hong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Bukit Timah, Singapore
| | - Goh Jian Yuan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Bukit Timah, Singapore
| | - Nadine Hein
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Denis Drygin
- Regulus Therapeutics, 4224 Campus Point C, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ross D Hannan
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, 3800, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, 4067, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Lucy A Coupland
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
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10
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Lawrence MG, Porter LH, Choo N, Pook D, Grummet JP, Pezaro CJ, Sandhu S, Ramm S, Luu J, Bakshi A, Goode DL, Sanij E, Pearson RB, Hannan RD, Simpson KJ, Taylor RA, Risbridger GP, Furic L. CX-5461 Sensitizes DNA Damage Repair-proficient Castrate-resistant Prostate Cancer to PARP Inhibition. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:2140-2150. [PMID: 34413130 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Monotherapy with PARP inhibitors is effective for the subset of castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) with defects in homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair. New treatments are required for the remaining tumors, and an emerging strategy is to combine PARP inhibitors with other therapies that induce DNA damage. Here we tested whether PARP inhibitors are effective for HR-proficient CRPC, including androgen receptor (AR)-null tumors, when used in combination with CX-5461, a small molecule that inhibits RNA polymerase I transcription and activates the DNA damage response, and has antitumor activity in early phase I trials. The combination of CX-5461 and talazoparib significantly decreased in vivo growth of patient-derived xenografts of HR-proficient CRPC, including AR-positive, AR-null, and neuroendocrine tumors. CX-5461 and talazoparib synergistically inhibited the growth of organoids and cell lines, and significantly increased the levels of DNA damage. Decreased tumor growth after combination therapy was maintained for 2 weeks without treatment, significantly increasing host survival. Therefore, combination treatment with CX-5461 and talazoparib is effective for HR-proficient tumors that are not suitable for monotherapy with PARP inhibitors, including AR-null CRPC. This expands the spectrum of CRPC that is sensitive to PARP inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell G Lawrence
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Laura H Porter
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicholas Choo
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Pook
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Medical Oncology, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jeremy P Grummet
- Epworth Healthcare, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Surgery, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Australian Urology Associates, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Carmel J Pezaro
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Eastern Health and Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Victoria, Australia.,University of Sheffield and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Shahneen Sandhu
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Division of Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Cancer Tissue Collection After Death (CASCADE) Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Susanne Ramm
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Victorian Centre for Functional Genomics, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennii Luu
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Victorian Centre for Functional Genomics, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Bakshi
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Computational Cancer Biology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David L Goode
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Computational Cancer Biology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elaine Sanij
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard B Pearson
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ross D Hannan
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kaylene J Simpson
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Victorian Centre for Functional Genomics, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Renea A Taylor
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. .,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gail P Risbridger
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. .,Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Luc Furic
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. .,Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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11
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Amarasiri M, Vo Y, Gardiner MG, Poh P, Soo P, Pavy M, Hein N, Ferreira R, Hannan KM, Hannan RD, Banwell MG. The Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some C-9 and C-10 Substituted Derivatives of the RNA Polymerase I Transcription Inhibitor CX-5461. Aust J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/ch21049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The regio-isomeric alkynyl-substituted derivatives, 2 and 3, of the RNA Polymerase I (Pol I) transcription inhibitor CX-5461 (1) were prepared and the active one (compound 3) subjected to click reactions ([3+2]-cycloaddition reactions) with certain alkyl azides bearing biotin or fluorescent tags. Compounds 2 and 3, as well as four [3+2]-cycloadducts of the latter, were subjected to biological evaluation in a human acute myeloid leukemia cell line model. Among the six compounds tested only alkyne 3 remained active but this was less potent than parent 1.
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12
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Chin CV, Antony J, Ketharnathan S, Labudina A, Gimenez G, Parsons KM, He J, George AJ, Pallotta MM, Musio A, Braithwaite A, Guilford P, Hannan RD, Horsfield JA. Cohesin mutations are synthetic lethal with stimulation of WNT signaling. eLife 2020; 9:e61405. [PMID: 33284104 PMCID: PMC7746233 DOI: 10.7554/elife.61405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in genes encoding subunits of the cohesin complex are common in several cancers, but may also expose druggable vulnerabilities. We generated isogenic MCF10A cell lines with deletion mutations of genes encoding cohesin subunits SMC3, RAD21, and STAG2 and screened for synthetic lethality with 3009 FDA-approved compounds. The screen identified several compounds that interfere with transcription, DNA damage repair and the cell cycle. Unexpectedly, one of the top 'hits' was a GSK3 inhibitor, an agonist of Wnt signaling. We show that sensitivity to GSK3 inhibition is likely due to stabilization of β-catenin in cohesin-mutant cells, and that Wnt-responsive gene expression is highly sensitized in STAG2-mutant CMK leukemia cells. Moreover, Wnt activity is enhanced in zebrafish mutant for cohesin subunits stag2b and rad21. Our results suggest that cohesin mutations could progress oncogenesis by enhancing Wnt signaling, and that targeting the Wnt pathway may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for cohesin-mutant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chue Vin Chin
- Department of Pathology, Otago Medical School, University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
- Genetics Otago Research Centre, University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Jisha Antony
- Department of Pathology, Otago Medical School, University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
- Genetics Otago Research Centre, University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Sarada Ketharnathan
- Department of Pathology, Otago Medical School, University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
- Genetics Otago Research Centre, University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Anastasia Labudina
- Department of Pathology, Otago Medical School, University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
- Genetics Otago Research Centre, University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Gregory Gimenez
- Department of Pathology, Otago Medical School, University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
- Genetics Otago Research Centre, University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Kate M Parsons
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralia
| | - Jinshu He
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralia
| | - Amee J George
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralia
| | - Maria Michela Pallotta
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)PisaItaly
| | - Antonio Musio
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)PisaItaly
| | - Antony Braithwaite
- Department of Pathology, Otago Medical School, University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Parry Guilford
- Department of Biochemistry, University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Ross D Hannan
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of QueenslandSt LuciaAustralia
| | - Julia A Horsfield
- Department of Pathology, Otago Medical School, University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
- Genetics Otago Research Centre, University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
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13
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Kusnadi EP, Trigos AS, Cullinane C, Goode DL, Larsson O, Devlin JR, Chan KT, De Souza DP, McConville MJ, McArthur GA, Thomas G, Sanij E, Poortinga G, Hannan RD, Hannan KM, Kang J, Pearson RB. Reprogrammed mRNA translation drives resistance to therapeutic targeting of ribosome biogenesis. EMBO J 2020; 39:e105111. [PMID: 32945574 PMCID: PMC7604608 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020105111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated ribosome biogenesis in oncogene‐driven cancers is commonly targeted by DNA‐damaging cytotoxic drugs. Our previous first‐in‐human trial of CX‐5461, a novel, less genotoxic agent that specifically inhibits ribosome biogenesis via suppression of RNA polymerase I (Pol I) transcription, revealed single‐agent efficacy in refractory blood cancers. Despite this clinical response, patients were not cured. In parallel, we demonstrated a marked improvement in the in vivo efficacy of CX‐5461 in combination with PI3K/AKT/mTORC1 pathway inhibitors. Here, we reveal the molecular basis for this improved efficacy observed in vivo, which is associated with specific suppression of translation of mRNAs encoding regulators of cellular metabolism. Importantly, acquired resistance to this cotreatment is driven by translational rewiring that results in dysregulated cellular metabolism and induction of a cAMP‐dependent pathway critical for the survival of blood cancers including lymphoma and acute myeloid leukemia. Our studies thus identify key molecular mechanisms underpinning the response of blood cancers to selective inhibition of ribosome biogenesis and define metabolic vulnerabilities that will facilitate the rational design of more effective regimens for Pol I‐directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric P Kusnadi
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Anna S Trigos
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Carleen Cullinane
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - David L Goode
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Ola Larsson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Jennifer R Devlin
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Keefe T Chan
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - David P De Souza
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Malcolm J McConville
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Vic, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Grant A McArthur
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - George Thomas
- Metabolism and Cancer Group, Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy In Oncology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elaine Sanij
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Gretchen Poortinga
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Ross D Hannan
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia.,ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Acton, ACT, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Katherine M Hannan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia.,ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Acton, ACT, Australia
| | - Jian Kang
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Richard B Pearson
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, Australia
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14
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Wagner S, Herrmannová A, Hronová V, Gunišová S, Sen ND, Hannan RD, Hinnebusch AG, Shirokikh NE, Preiss T, Valášek LS. Selective Translation Complex Profiling Reveals Staged Initiation and Co-translational Assembly of Initiation Factor Complexes. Mol Cell 2020; 79:546-560.e7. [PMID: 32589964 PMCID: PMC7447980 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Translational control targeting the initiation phase is central to the regulation of gene expression. Understanding all of its aspects requires substantial technological advancements. Here we modified yeast translation complex profile sequencing (TCP-seq), related to ribosome profiling, and adapted it for mammalian cells. Human TCP-seq, capable of capturing footprints of 40S subunits (40Ss) in addition to 80S ribosomes (80Ss), revealed that mammalian and yeast 40Ss distribute similarly across 5'TRs, indicating considerable evolutionary conservation. We further developed yeast and human selective TCP-seq (Sel-TCP-seq), enabling selection of 40Ss and 80Ss associated with immuno-targeted factors. Sel-TCP-seq demonstrated that eIF2 and eIF3 travel along 5' UTRs with scanning 40Ss to successively dissociate upon AUG recognition; notably, a proportion of eIF3 lingers on during the initial elongation cycles. Highlighting Sel-TCP-seq versatility, we also identified four initiating 48S conformational intermediates, provided novel insights into ATF4 and GCN4 mRNA translational control, and demonstrated co-translational assembly of initiation factor complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Wagner
- EMBL-Australia Collaborating Group, Department of Genome Sciences, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; Laboratory of Regulation of Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Anna Herrmannová
- Laboratory of Regulation of Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladislava Hronová
- Laboratory of Regulation of Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislava Gunišová
- Laboratory of Regulation of Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Neelam D Sen
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Development, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ross D Hannan
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Alan G Hinnebusch
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Development, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nikolay E Shirokikh
- EMBL-Australia Collaborating Group, Department of Genome Sciences, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Thomas Preiss
- EMBL-Australia Collaborating Group, Department of Genome Sciences, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia.
| | - Leoš Shivaya Valášek
- Laboratory of Regulation of Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic.
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15
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Gao J, Jung M, Mayoh C, Venkat P, Hannan KM, Fletcher JI, Kamili A, Gifford AJ, Kusnadi EP, Pearson RB, Hannan RD, Haber M, Norris MD, Somers K, Henderson MJ. Suppression of ABCE1-Mediated mRNA Translation Limits N-MYC-Driven Cancer Progression. Cancer Res 2020; 80:3706-3718. [PMID: 32651259 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The ability of the N-MYC transcription factor to drive cancer progression is well demonstrated in neuroblastoma, the most common extracranial pediatric solid tumor, where MYCN amplification heralds a poor prognosis, with only 11% of high-risk patients surviving past 5 years. However, decades of attempts of direct inhibition of N-MYC or its paralogues has led to the conclusion that this protein is "undruggable." Therefore, targeting pathways upregulated by N-MYC signaling presents an alternative therapeutic approach. Here, we show that MYCN-amplified neuroblastomas are characterized by elevated rates of protein synthesis and that high expression of ABCE1, a translation factor directly upregulated by N-MYC, is itself a strong predictor of poor clinical outcome. Despite the potent ability of N-MYC in heightening protein synthesis and malignant characteristics in cancer cells, suppression of ABCE1 alone selectively negated this effect, returning the rate of translation to baseline levels and significantly reducing the growth, motility, and invasiveness of MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cells and patient-derived xenograft tumors in vivo. The growth of nonmalignant cells or MYCN-nonamplified neuroblastoma cells remained unaffected by reduced ABCE1, supporting a therapeutic window associated with targeting ABCE1. Neuroblastoma cells with c-MYC overexpression also required ABCE1 to maintain cell proliferation and translation. Taken together, ABCE1-mediated translation constitutes a critical process in the progression of N-MYC-driven and c-MYC-driven cancers that warrants investigations into methods of its therapeutic inhibition. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings demonstrate that N-MYC-driven cancers are reliant on elevated rates of protein synthesis driven by heightened expression of ABCE1, a vulnerability that can be exploited through suppression of ABCE1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixuan Gao
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - MoonSun Jung
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Pooja Venkat
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katherine M Hannan
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra City.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jamie I Fletcher
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alvin Kamili
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew J Gifford
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Anatomical Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eric P Kusnadi
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard B Pearson
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ross D Hannan
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra City.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Murray D Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Klaartje Somers
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michelle J Henderson
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. .,School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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16
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Son J, Hannan KM, Poortinga G, Hein N, Cameron DP, Ganley ARD, Sheppard KE, Pearson RB, Hannan RD, Sanij E. rDNA Chromatin Activity Status as a Biomarker of Sensitivity to the RNA Polymerase I Transcription Inhibitor CX-5461. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:568. [PMID: 32719798 PMCID: PMC7349920 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperactivation of RNA polymerase I (Pol I) transcription of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes (rDNA) is a key determinant of growth and proliferation and a consistent feature of cancer cells. We have demonstrated that inhibition of rDNA transcription by the Pol I transcription inhibitor CX-5461 selectively kills tumor cells in vivo. Moreover, the first-in human trial of CX-5461 has demonstrated CX-5461 is well-tolerated in patients and has single-agent anti-tumor activity in hematologic malignancies. However, the mechanisms underlying tumor cell sensitivity to CX-5461 remain unclear. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for the development of predictive biomarkers of response that can be utilized for stratifying patients who may benefit from CX-5461. The rDNA repeats exist in four different and dynamic chromatin states: inactive rDNA can be either methylated silent or unmethylated pseudo-silent; while active rDNA repeats are described as either transcriptionally competent but non-transcribed or actively transcribed, depending on the level of rDNA promoter methylation, loading of the essential rDNA chromatin remodeler UBF and histone marks status. In addition, the number of rDNA repeats per human cell can reach hundreds of copies. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the number and/or chromatin status of the rDNA repeats, is a critical determinant of tumor cell sensitivity to Pol I therapy. We systematically examined a panel of ovarian cancer (OVCA) cell lines to identify rDNA chromatin associated biomarkers that might predict sensitivity to CX-5461. We demonstrated that an increased proportion of active to inactive rDNA repeats, independent of rDNA copy number, determines OVCA cell line sensitivity to CX-5461. Further, using zinc finger nuclease genome editing we identified that reducing rDNA copy number leads to an increase in the proportion of active rDNA repeats and confers sensitivity to CX-5461 but also induces genome-wide instability and sensitivity to DNA damage. We propose that the proportion of active to inactive rDNA repeats may serve as a biomarker to identify cancer patients who will benefit from CX-5461 therapy in future clinical trials. The data also reinforces the notion that rDNA instability is a threat to genomic integrity and cellular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbae Son
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Katherine M. Hannan
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Gretchen Poortinga
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Nadine Hein
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Donald P. Cameron
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Austen R. D. Ganley
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Karen E. Sheppard
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard B. Pearson
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Ross D. Hannan
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Elaine Sanij
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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17
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Sanij E, Hannan K, Xuan J, Yan S, Ahern JA, Trigos AS, Brajanovski N, Son J, Chan KT, Kondrashova O, Lieschke E, Wakefield MJ, Ellis S, Cullinane C, Poortinga G, Khanna KK, Mileshkin L, McArthur GA, Soong J, Berns EM, Hannan RD, Scott CL, Sheppard KE, Pearson RB. Abstract PR13: Inhibition of RNA polymerase I transcription activates targeted DNA damage response and enhances the efficacy of PARP inhibitors in high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1557-3265.ovca19-pr13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have revolutionized disease management of patients with homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair-deficient high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). However, acquired resistance to PARPi is a major challenge in the clinic. The specific inhibitor of RNA polymerase I (Pol I) transcription of ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) has demonstrated single-agent antitumor activity in p53 wild-type and p53-mutant hematologic malignancies (first-in-human trial, dose escalation study of CX-5461 at Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre) (Khot et al., Cancer Discov 2019). CX-5461 has also been reported to exhibit synthetic lethality with BRCA1/2 deficiency through stabilization of G-quadruplex DNA (GQ) structures. Here, we investigate the efficacy of CX-5461 in treating HGSOC.
Experimental Design: The mechanisms by which CX-5461 induces DNA damage response (DDR) and displays synthetic lethality in HR-deficient HGSOC cells are explored. We present in vivo data of mice bearing two functionally and genomically profiled HGSOC-patient-derived xenograft (PDX)s treated with CX-5461 and olaparib, alone and in combination. We also investigate CX-5461-sensitivity gene expression signatures in primary and relapsed HGSOC.
Results: Utilizing ovarian cancer cell lines, we demonstrate that sensitivity to CX-5461 is associated with “BRCA1 mutation” and “MYC targets” gene expression signatures. In addition, sensitivity to CX-5461 is associated with high basal rates of Pol I transcription. Importantly, we demonstrate a novel mechanism for CX-5461 synthetic lethal interaction with HR deficiency mediated through the induction of replication stress at rDNA repeats. Our data reveal CX-5461-mediated DDR in HR-deficient cells does not involve stabilization of GQ structures as previously proposed. On the contrary, we show definitively that CX-5461 inhibits Pol I recruitment leading to rDNA chromatin defects including stabilization of R-loops, single-stranded DNA, and replication stress at the rDNA. Mechanistically, we demonstrate CX-5461 leads to replication-dependent DNA damage involving MRE11-dependent degradation of replication forks. Importantly, CX-5461 has a different sensitivity spectrum to olaparib and cooperates with PARPi in exacerbating replication stress, leading to enhanced therapeutic efficacy in HR-deficient HGSOC-PDX in vivo compared to single-agent treatment of both drugs. Further, CX-5461 exhibits single-agent efficacy in olaparib-resistant HGSOC-PDX overcoming PARPi-resistance mechanisms involving fork protection. Importantly, we identify CX-5461-sensitivity gene expression signatures in primary and relapsed HGSOC.
Conclusions: CX-5461 is a promising therapy alone and in combination therapy with PARPi in HR-deficient HGSOC. CX-5461 also has exciting potential as a treatment option for patients with relapsed HGSOC tumors that have high MYC activity and poor clinical outcome; these patients currently have very limited effective treatment options.
This abstract is also being presented as Poster A71.
Citation Format: Elaine Sanij, Katherine Hannan, Jiachen Xuan, Shunfei Yan, Jessica A. Ahern, Anna S. Trigos, Natalie Brajanovski, Jinbae Son, Keefe T. Chan, Olga Kondrashova, Elizabeth Lieschke, Matthew J. Wakefield, Sarah Ellis, Carleen Cullinane, Gretchen Poortinga, Kum Kum Khanna, Linda Mileshkin, Grant A. McArthur, John Soong, Els M. Berns, Ross D. Hannan, Clare L. Scott, Karen E. Sheppard, Richard B. Pearson. Inhibition of RNA polymerase I transcription activates targeted DNA damage response and enhances the efficacy of PARP inhibitors in high-grade serous ovarian cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Ovarian Cancer Research; 2019 Sep 13-16, 2019; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(13_Suppl):Abstract nr PR13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Sanij
- 1Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,
| | - Katherine Hannan
- 2The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, ACT, Australia,
| | - Jiachen Xuan
- 1Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,
| | - Shunfei Yan
- 1Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,
| | | | - Anna S. Trigos
- 1Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,
| | | | - Jinbae Son
- 1Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,
| | - Keefe T. Chan
- 1Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,
| | - Olga Kondrashova
- 3The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,
| | - Elizabeth Lieschke
- 3The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,
| | - Matthew J. Wakefield
- 3The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,
| | - Sarah Ellis
- 1Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,
| | | | | | - Kum Kum Khanna
- 4QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,
| | | | | | - John Soong
- 5Senhwa Biosciences, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA,
| | - Els M. Berns
- 6Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ross D. Hannan
- 2The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, ACT, Australia,
| | - Clare L. Scott
- 3The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,
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18
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Zaytseva O, Mitchell NC, Guo L, Marshall OJ, Parsons LM, Hannan RD, Levens DL, Quinn LM. Transcriptional repression of Myc underlies the tumour suppressor function of AGO1 in Drosophila. Development 2020; 147:147/11/dev190231. [PMID: 32527935 PMCID: PMC7295588 DOI: 10.1242/dev.190231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report novel tumour suppressor activity for the Drosophila Argonaute family RNA-binding protein AGO1, a component of the miRNA-dependent RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). The mechanism for growth inhibition does not, however, involve canonical roles as part of the RISC; rather, AGO1 controls cell and tissue growth by functioning as a direct transcriptional repressor of the master regulator of growth, Myc. AGO1 depletion in wing imaginal discs drives a significant increase in ribosome biogenesis, nucleolar expansion and cell growth in a manner dependent on Myc abundance. Moreover, increased Myc promoter activity and elevated Myc mRNA in AGO1-depleted animals requires RNA polymerase II transcription. Further support for transcriptional AGO1 functions is provided by physical interaction with the RNA polymerase II transcriptional machinery (chromatin remodelling factors and Mediator Complex), punctate nuclear localisation in euchromatic regions and overlap with Polycomb Group transcriptional silencing loci. Moreover, significant AGO1 enrichment is observed on the Myc promoter and AGO1 interacts with the Myc transcriptional activator Psi. Together, our data show that Drosophila AGO1 functions outside of the RISC to repress Myc transcription and inhibit developmental cell and tissue growth. This article has an associated ‘The people behind the papers’ interview. Highlighted Article: In the Drosophila wing, the Argonaute family protein AGO1 acts independently of the miRNA-silencing pathway to restrict tissue growth by directly repressing transcription of the master growth regulator Myc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Zaytseva
- Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Naomi C Mitchell
- Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Linna Guo
- Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | | | | | - Ross D Hannan
- Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - David L Levens
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Leonie M Quinn
- Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
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19
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Sanij E, Hannan KM, Xuan J, Yan S, Ahern JE, Trigos AS, Brajanovski N, Son J, Chan KT, Kondrashova O, Lieschke E, Wakefield MJ, Frank D, Ellis S, Cullinane C, Kang J, Poortinga G, Nag P, Deans AJ, Khanna KK, Mileshkin L, McArthur GA, Soong J, Berns EMJJ, Hannan RD, Scott CL, Sheppard KE, Pearson RB. CX-5461 activates the DNA damage response and demonstrates therapeutic efficacy in high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2641. [PMID: 32457376 PMCID: PMC7251123 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16393-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acquired resistance to PARP inhibitors (PARPi) is a major challenge for the clinical management of high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Here, we demonstrate CX-5461, the first-in-class inhibitor of RNA polymerase I transcription of ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA), induces replication stress and activates the DNA damage response. CX-5461 co-operates with PARPi in exacerbating replication stress and enhances therapeutic efficacy against homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair-deficient HGSOC-patient-derived xenograft (PDX) in vivo. We demonstrate CX-5461 has a different sensitivity spectrum to PARPi involving MRE11-dependent degradation of replication forks. Importantly, CX-5461 exhibits in vivo single agent efficacy in a HGSOC-PDX with reduced sensitivity to PARPi by overcoming replication fork protection. Further, we identify CX-5461-sensitivity gene expression signatures in primary and relapsed HGSOC. We propose CX-5461 is a promising therapy in combination with PARPi in HR-deficient HGSOC and also as a single agent for the treatment of relapsed disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Sanij
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Katherine M Hannan
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, 2601, Australia Capital Territory, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Jiachen Xuan
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Shunfei Yan
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Jessica E Ahern
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Anna S Trigos
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Natalie Brajanovski
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Jinbae Son
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Keefe T Chan
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Olga Kondrashova
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Lieschke
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Matthew J Wakefield
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Melbourne Bioinformatics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Daniel Frank
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Sarah Ellis
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Carleen Cullinane
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Jian Kang
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Gretchen Poortinga
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Purba Nag
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Environment and Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Andrew J Deans
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Genome Stability Unit, St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, 3065, Australia
| | - Kum Kum Khanna
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Linda Mileshkin
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Grant A McArthur
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - John Soong
- Senhwa Biosciences, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Els M J J Berns
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ross D Hannan
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, 2601, Australia Capital Territory, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Clare L Scott
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Karen E Sheppard
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Richard B Pearson
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
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20
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Thejer BM, Adhikary PP, Kaur A, Teakel SL, Van Oosterum A, Seth I, Pajic M, Hannan KM, Pavy M, Poh P, Jazayeri JA, Zaw T, Pascovici D, Ludescher M, Pawlak M, Cassano JC, Turnbull L, Jazayeri M, James AC, Coorey CP, Roberts TL, Kinder SJ, Hannan RD, Patrick E, Molloy MP, New EJ, Fehm TN, Neubauer H, Goldys EM, Weston LA, Cahill MA. PGRMC1 phosphorylation affects cell shape, motility, glycolysis, mitochondrial form and function, and tumor growth. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2020; 21:24. [PMID: 32245408 PMCID: PMC7119165 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-020-00256-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component 1 (PGRMC1) is expressed in many cancer cells, where it is associated with detrimental patient outcomes. It contains phosphorylated tyrosines which evolutionarily preceded deuterostome gastrulation and tissue differentiation mechanisms. RESULTS We demonstrate that manipulating PGRMC1 phosphorylation status in MIA PaCa-2 (MP) cells imposes broad pleiotropic effects. Relative to parental cells over-expressing hemagglutinin-tagged wild-type (WT) PGRMC1-HA, cells expressing a PGRMC1-HA-S57A/S181A double mutant (DM) exhibited reduced levels of proteins involved in energy metabolism and mitochondrial function, and altered glucose metabolism suggesting modulation of the Warburg effect. This was associated with increased PI3K/AKT activity, altered cell shape, actin cytoskeleton, motility, and mitochondrial properties. An S57A/Y180F/S181A triple mutant (TM) indicated the involvement of Y180 in PI3K/AKT activation. Mutation of Y180F strongly attenuated subcutaneous xenograft tumor growth in NOD-SCID gamma mice. Elsewhere we demonstrate altered metabolism, mutation incidence, and epigenetic status in these cells. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, these results indicate that mutational manipulation of PGRMC1 phosphorylation status exerts broad pleiotropic effects relevant to cancer and other cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashar M Thejer
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Wasit, Wasit, 00964, Iraq
| | - Partho P Adhikary
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia
- Present address: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Amandeep Kaur
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Present address: School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Sarah L Teakel
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia
| | - Ashleigh Van Oosterum
- Life Sciences and Health, Faculty of Science, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia
| | - Ishith Seth
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia
| | - Marina Pajic
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Darlinghurst, 2010, NSW, Australia
| | - Katherine M Hannan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, ACT, Canberra, 2601, Australia
| | - Megan Pavy
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, ACT, Canberra, 2601, Australia
| | - Perlita Poh
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, ACT, Canberra, 2601, Australia
| | - Jalal A Jazayeri
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia
| | - Thiri Zaw
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Dana Pascovici
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Marina Ludescher
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Women's Hospital of Dusseldorf, 40225, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Pawlak
- NMI TT Pharmaservices, Protein Profiling, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Juan C Cassano
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Department of Materials Meet Life, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Lynne Turnbull
- The ithree institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Present address: GE Healthcare Life Sciences, Issaquah, WA, 98027, USA
| | - Mitra Jazayeri
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Alexander C James
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, 2170, Australia
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Liverpool, NSW, 2170, Australia
| | - Craig P Coorey
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, 2170, Australia
- School of Medicine and University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Tara L Roberts
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, 2170, Australia
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Liverpool, NSW, 2170, Australia
- School of Medicine and University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | | | - Ross D Hannan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, ACT, Canberra, 2601, Australia
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Ellis Patrick
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Mark P Molloy
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
- Present address: The Kolling Institute, The University of Sydney, St Leonards (Sydney), NSW, 2064, Australia
| | - Elizabeth J New
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Tanja N Fehm
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Women's Hospital of Dusseldorf, 40225, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans Neubauer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Women's Hospital of Dusseldorf, 40225, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Ewa M Goldys
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
- Present address: The Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Leslie A Weston
- Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Boorooma Street, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678, Australia
- School of Agricultural and Wine Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Boorooma Street, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678, Australia
| | - Michael A Cahill
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia.
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, ACT, Canberra, 2601, Australia.
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Ferreira R, Schneekloth JS, Panov KI, Hannan KM, Hannan RD. Targeting the RNA Polymerase I Transcription for Cancer Therapy Comes of Age. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020266. [PMID: 31973211 PMCID: PMC7072222 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription of the ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) that encode the three largest ribosomal RNAs (rRNA), is mediated by RNA Polymerase I (Pol I) and is a key regulatory step for ribosomal biogenesis. Although it has been reported over a century ago that the number and size of nucleoli, the site of ribosome biogenesis, are increased in cancer cells, the significance of this observation for cancer etiology was not understood. The realization that the increase in rRNA expression has an active role in cancer progression, not only through increased protein synthesis and thus proliferative capacity but also through control of cellular check points and chromatin structure, has opened up new therapeutic avenues for the treatment of cancer through direct targeting of Pol I transcription. In this review, we discuss the rational of targeting Pol I transcription for the treatment of cancer; review the current cancer therapeutics that target Pol I transcription and discuss the development of novel Pol I-specific inhibitors, their therapeutic potential, challenges and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Ferreira
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton 2601, NSW, Australia; (K.I.P.); (K.M.H.); (R.D.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - John S. Schneekloth
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA;
| | - Konstantin I. Panov
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton 2601, NSW, Australia; (K.I.P.); (K.M.H.); (R.D.H.)
- CCRCB and School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast Medical Biology Centre, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Katherine M. Hannan
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton 2601, NSW, Australia; (K.I.P.); (K.M.H.); (R.D.H.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Ross D. Hannan
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton 2601, NSW, Australia; (K.I.P.); (K.M.H.); (R.D.H.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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22
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Chin CV, Antony J, George AJ, He J, Parson K, Hannan RD, Horsfield JA. Abstract LB-A12: A synthetic lethal drug screen identifies exploitable vulnerabilities in cohesin-deficient cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.targ-19-lb-a12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The cohesin complex comprises four core subunits: RAD21, SMC3, SMC1A, and STAG2. Cohesin is required for many biological processes, including sister chromatid cohesion, DNA damage response, regulation of gene expression, and ribosomal biogenesis. Germline mutations of cohesin subunits or their regulators give rise to human developmental disorders, while somatic mutations in cohesin subunits are found in a wide range of human cancers, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (12%), Ewing sarcoma (15%) and glioblastoma (19%). In particular, cohesin subunit STAG2, has been identified as one of only 12 genes that are significantly mutated in more than 4 human cancers. Currently, there is no targeted therapeutic strategy for cancer patients with cohesin mutations. Synthetic lethality has emerged as a promising approach for targeted therapy. While synthetic lethal interactions of STAG2 have been demonstrated with its paralog, STAG1, and with the DNA damage repair pathway, synthetic lethal interactions with other pathways have not been explored. To identify synthetic lethal drug activity with cohesin mutations, we generated three isogenic cohesin-deficient MCF10A cell lines (RAD21+/-, SMC3+/-, and STAG2-/-) using CRISPR/Cas9. Cohesin-deficient MCF10A cell lines are sufficiently similar to their parental line concerning growth rate and chromosome stability. However, these cell lines exhibit alterations in nucleolar morphology and increased nuclear location of γH2AX and p53 (except in STAG2-/-). RNA-sequencing analysis of the cell lines showed that cohesin subunit mutation led to downregulation of genes involved in regulation of ribosome biogenesis and RNA processing. Furthermore, ribosomal stress mediated by Actinomycin D led to severe nucleolar fragmentation in cohesin-deficient MCF10A, but not MCF10A parental, suggesting that cohesin mutation might confer vulnerability to perturbation of ribosome biogenesis. Using MCF10A parental and isogenic cohesin-deficient MCF10A cell lines, we performed a quantitative high-throughput drug screen against 3,009 compounds of FDA-approved drugs, kinase, and epigenetic inhibitors. Several classes of inhibitors targeting mTOR signaling, Wnt signaling and chromatin modification were found to selectively inhibit the growth of cohesin-deficient MCF10A cells by 30% or more. WAY-600 (mTORC1/mTORC2 inhibitor) and I-BET-762 (Bromodomain inhibitor) were among the top hits. Mechanistic studies on how these drugs preferentially kill cohesin-deficient cells are under way. In summary, we have identified potential synthetic lethal compounds that may provide the basis for development of targeted therapies of cancers with cohesin deficiency or mutation.
Citation Format: Chue Vin Chin, Jisha Antony, Amee J George, JinShu He, Kate Parson, Ross D Hannan, Julia A Horsfield. A synthetic lethal drug screen identifies exploitable vulnerabilities in cohesin-deficient cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2019 Oct 26-30; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2019;18(12 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-A12. doi:10.1158/1535-7163.TARG-19-LB-A12
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - JinShu He
- 2Australian National University, Canberra
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23
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Liu PY, Tee AE, Milazzo G, Hannan KM, Maag J, Mondal S, Atmadibrata B, Bartonicek N, Peng H, Ho N, Mayoh C, Ciaccio R, Sun Y, Henderson MJ, Gao J, Everaert C, Hulme AJ, Wong M, Lan Q, Cheung BB, Shi L, Wang JY, Simon T, Fischer M, Zhang XD, Marshall GM, Norris MD, Haber M, Vandesompele J, Li J, Mestdagh P, Hannan RD, Dinger ME, Perini G, Liu T. The long noncoding RNA lncNB1 promotes tumorigenesis by interacting with ribosomal protein RPL35. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5026. [PMID: 31690716 PMCID: PMC6831662 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12971-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of patients with neuroblastoma due to MYCN oncogene amplification and consequent N-Myc oncoprotein over-expression die of the disease. Here our analyses of RNA sequencing data identify the long noncoding RNA lncNB1 as one of the transcripts most over-expressed in MYCN-amplified, compared with MYCN-non-amplified, human neuroblastoma cells and also the most over-expressed in neuroblastoma compared with all other cancers. lncNB1 binds to the ribosomal protein RPL35 to enhance E2F1 protein synthesis, leading to DEPDC1B gene transcription. The GTPase-activating protein DEPDC1B induces ERK protein phosphorylation and N-Myc protein stabilization. Importantly, lncNB1 knockdown abolishes neuroblastoma cell clonogenic capacity in vitro and leads to neuroblastoma tumor regression in mice, while high levels of lncNB1 and RPL35 in human neuroblastoma tissues predict poor patient prognosis. This study therefore identifies lncNB1 and its binding protein RPL35 as key factors for promoting E2F1 protein synthesis, N-Myc protein stability and N-Myc-driven oncogenesis, and as therapeutic targets. MYCN amplification is common in neuroblastomas. Here, the authors identify a long noncoding RNA, lncNB1 in these cancers and show that it promotes tumorigenesis by binding to ribosomal protein, RPL35 to enhance E2F1 and DEPDC1B protein synthesis, which phosphorylates ERK to stabilise N-Myc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Y Liu
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Andrew E Tee
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Giorgio Milazzo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Katherine M Hannan
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Jesper Maag
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.,Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Sujanna Mondal
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Bernard Atmadibrata
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Nenad Bartonicek
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.,Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Hui Peng
- Advanced Analytics Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Nicholas Ho
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Roberto Ciaccio
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Yuting Sun
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Michelle J Henderson
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Jixuan Gao
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Celine Everaert
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Amy J Hulme
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Matthew Wong
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Qing Lan
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215004, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Belamy B Cheung
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Leming Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, 201203, Shanghai, China
| | - Jenny Y Wang
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Thorsten Simon
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Fischer
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Xu D Zhang
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Priority Research Centre for Cancer Research, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Glenn M Marshall
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Murray D Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Jo Vandesompele
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jinyan Li
- Advanced Analytics Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Pieter Mestdagh
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ross D Hannan
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4067, Australia
| | - Marcel E Dinger
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.,School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Giovanni Perini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Tao Liu
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia.
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24
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He JS, Soo P, Evers M, Parsons KM, Hein N, Hannan KM, Hannan RD, George AJ. High-Content Imaging Approaches to Quantitate Stress-Induced Changes in Nucleolar Morphology. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2019; 16:320-332. [PMID: 30148664 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2018.861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleolus is a dynamic subnuclear compartment that has a number of different functions, but its primary role is to coordinate the production and assembly of ribosomes. For well over 100 years, pathologists have used changes in nucleolar number and size to stage diseases such as cancer. New information about the nucleolus' broader role within the cell is leading to the development of drugs which directly target its structure as therapies for disease. Traditionally, it has been difficult to develop high-throughput image analysis pipelines to measure nucleolar changes due to the broad range of morphologies observed. In this study, we describe a simple high-content image analysis algorithm using Harmony software (PerkinElmer), with a PhenoLOGIC™ machine-learning component, that can measure and classify three different nucleolar morphologies based on nucleolin and fibrillarin staining ("normal," "peri-nucleolar rings" and "dispersed"). We have utilized this algorithm to determine the changes in these classes of nucleolar morphologies over time with drugs known to alter nucleolar structure. This approach could be further adapted to include other parameters required for the identification of new therapies that directly target the nucleolus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Shu He
- 1 ANU Centre for Therapeutic Discovery, The Australian National University , Acton, Australia
| | - Priscilla Soo
- 2 ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University , Acton, Australia
| | - Maurits Evers
- 2 ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University , Acton, Australia
| | - Kate M Parsons
- 1 ANU Centre for Therapeutic Discovery, The Australian National University , Acton, Australia
| | - Nadine Hein
- 2 ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University , Acton, Australia
| | - Katherine M Hannan
- 2 ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University , Acton, Australia .,3 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Australia
| | - Ross D Hannan
- 2 ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University , Acton, Australia .,3 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Australia .,4 Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Australia .,5 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Australia .,6 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University , Clayton, Australia .,7 School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland , St Lucia, Australia
| | - Amee J George
- 1 ANU Centre for Therapeutic Discovery, The Australian National University , Acton, Australia .,2 ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University , Acton, Australia .,7 School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland , St Lucia, Australia .,8 Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Australia
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25
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Chan KT, Blake S, Zhu H, Kang J, Trigos AS, Madhamshettiwar PB, Diesch J, Paavolainen L, Horvath P, Hannan RD, George AJ, Sanij E, Hannan KM, Simpson KJ, Pearson RB. A functional genetic screen defines the AKT-induced senescence signaling network. Cell Death Differ 2019; 27:725-741. [PMID: 31285545 PMCID: PMC7205866 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-019-0384-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Exquisite regulation of PI3K/AKT/mTORC1 signaling is essential for homeostatic control of cell growth, proliferation, and survival. Aberrant activation of this signaling network is an early driver of many sporadic human cancers. Paradoxically, sustained hyperactivation of the PI3K/AKT/mTORC1 pathway in nontransformed cells results in cellular senescence, which is a tumor-suppressive mechanism that must be overcome to promote malignant transformation. While oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) driven by excessive RAS/ERK signaling has been well studied, little is known about the mechanisms underpinning the AKT-induced senescence (AIS) response. Here, we utilize a combination of transcriptome and metabolic profiling to identify key signatures required to maintain AIS. We also employ a whole protein-coding genome RNAi screen for AIS escape, validating a subset of novel mediators and demonstrating their preferential specificity for AIS as compared with OIS. As proof of concept of the potential to exploit the AIS network, we show that neurofibromin 1 (NF1) is upregulated during AIS and its ability to suppress RAS/ERK signaling facilitates AIS maintenance. Furthermore, depletion of NF1 enhances transformation of p53-mutant epithelial cells expressing activated AKT, while its overexpression blocks transformation by inducing a senescent-like phenotype. Together, our findings reveal novel mechanistic insights into the control of AIS and identify putative senescence regulators that can potentially be targeted, with implications for new therapeutic options to treat PI3K/AKT/mTORC1-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keefe T Chan
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shaun Blake
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Haoran Zhu
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jian Kang
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anna S Trigos
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Piyush B Madhamshettiwar
- Victorian Centre for Functional Genomics, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jeannine Diesch
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lassi Paavolainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter Horvath
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ross D Hannan
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Amee J George
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Elaine Sanij
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Katherine M Hannan
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kaylene J Simpson
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Victorian Centre for Functional Genomics, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard B Pearson
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. .,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
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26
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Khot A, Brajanovski N, Cameron DP, Hein N, Maclachlan KH, Sanij E, Lim J, Soong J, Link E, Blombery P, Thompson ER, Fellowes A, Sheppard KE, McArthur GA, Pearson RB, Hannan RD, Poortinga G, Harrison SJ. First-in-Human RNA Polymerase I Transcription Inhibitor CX-5461 in Patients with Advanced Hematologic Cancers: Results of a Phase I Dose-Escalation Study. Cancer Discov 2019; 9:1036-1049. [PMID: 31092402 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-18-1455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RNA polymerase I (Pol I) transcription of ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) is tightly regulated downstream of oncogenic pathways, and its dysregulation is a common feature in cancer. We evaluated CX-5461, the first-in-class selective rDNA transcription inhibitor, in a first-in-human, phase I dose-escalation study in advanced hematologic cancers. Administration of CX-5461 intravenously once every 3 weeks to 5 cohorts determined an MTD of 170 mg/m2, with a predictable pharmacokinetic profile. The dose-limiting toxicity was palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia; photosensitivity was a dose-independent adverse event (AE), manageable by preventive measures. CX-5461 induced rapid on-target inhibition of rDNA transcription, with p53 activation detected in tumor cells from one patient achieving a clinical response. One patient with anaplastic large cell lymphoma attained a prolonged partial response and 5 patients with myeloma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma achieved stable disease as best response. CX-5461 is safe at doses associated with clinical benefit and dermatologic AEs are manageable. SIGNIFICANCE: CX-5461 is a first-in-class selective inhibitor of rDNA transcription. This first-in-human study establishes the feasibility of targeting this process, demonstrating single-agent antitumor activity against advanced hematologic cancers with predictable pharmacokinetics and a safety profile allowing prolonged dosing. Consistent with preclinical data, antitumor activity was observed in TP53 wild-type and mutant malignancies.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 983.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Khot
- Clinical Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Natalie Brajanovski
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Donald P Cameron
- The ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nadine Hein
- The ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Kylee H Maclachlan
- Clinical Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elaine Sanij
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - John Lim
- Senhwa Biosciences, Inc., New Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - John Soong
- Senhwa Biosciences, Inc., New Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Emma Link
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Piers Blombery
- Clinical Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ella R Thompson
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Fellowes
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karen E Sheppard
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Grant A McArthur
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard B Pearson
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ross D Hannan
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,The ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gretchen Poortinga
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. .,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Simon J Harrison
- Clinical Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. .,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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27
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Diesch J, Bywater MJ, Sanij E, Cameron DP, Schierding W, Brajanovski N, Son J, Sornkom J, Hein N, Evers M, Pearson RB, McArthur GA, Ganley ARD, O’Sullivan JM, Hannan RD, Poortinga G. Changes in long-range rDNA-genomic interactions associate with altered RNA polymerase II gene programs during malignant transformation. Commun Biol 2019; 2:39. [PMID: 30701204 PMCID: PMC6349880 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0284-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The three-dimensional organization of the genome contributes to its maintenance and regulation. While chromosomal regions associate with nucleolar ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA), the biological significance of rDNA-genome interactions and whether they are dynamically regulated during disease remain unclear. rDNA chromatin exists in multiple inactive and active states and their transition is regulated by the RNA polymerase I transcription factor UBTF. Here, using a MYC-driven lymphoma model, we demonstrate that during malignant progression the rDNA chromatin converts to the open state, which is required for tumor cell survival. Moreover, this rDNA transition co-occurs with a reorganization of rDNA-genome contacts which correlate with gene expression changes at associated loci, impacting gene ontologies including B-cell differentiation, cell growth and metabolism. We propose that UBTF-mediated conversion to open rDNA chromatin during malignant transformation contributes to the regulation of specific gene pathways that regulate growth and differentiation through reformed long-range physical interactions with the rDNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeannine Diesch
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
- Present Address: Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, 08021 Spain
| | - Megan J. Bywater
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
- Present Address: QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4029 Australia
| | - Elaine Sanij
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Donald P. Cameron
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - William Schierding
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, 1023 New Zealand
| | - Natalie Brajanovski
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Jinbae Son
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Jirawas Sornkom
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Nadine Hein
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Maurits Evers
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Richard B. Pearson
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, 3800 VIC Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Grant A. McArthur
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065 Australia
| | - Austen R. D. Ganley
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010 New Zealand
| | | | - Ross D. Hannan
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, 3800 VIC Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Gretchen Poortinga
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065 Australia
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28
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Somers K, Wen VW, Middlemiss SMC, Osborne B, Forgham H, Jung M, Karsa M, Clifton M, Bongers A, Gao J, Mayoh C, Raoufi-Rad N, Kusnadi EP, Hannan KM, Scott DA, Kwek A, Liu B, Flemming C, Chudakova DA, Pandher R, Failes TW, Lim J, Angeli A, Osterman AL, Imamura T, Kees UR, Supuran CT, Pearson RB, Hannan RD, Davis TP, McCarroll J, Kavallaris M, Turner N, Gudkov AV, Haber M, Norris MD, Henderson MJ. A novel small molecule that kills a subset of MLL-rearranged leukemia cells by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction. Oncogene 2019; 38:3824-3842. [PMID: 30670779 PMCID: PMC6756102 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0666-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Survival rates for pediatric patients suffering from mixed lineage leukemia (MLL)-rearranged leukemia remain below 50% and more targeted, less toxic therapies are urgently needed. A screening method optimized to discover cytotoxic compounds selective for MLL-rearranged leukemia identified CCI-006 as a novel inhibitor of MLL-rearranged and CALM-AF10 translocated leukemias that share common leukemogenic pathways. CCI-006 inhibited mitochondrial respiration and induced mitochondrial membrane depolarization and apoptosis in a subset (7/11, 64%) of MLL-rearranged leukemia cell lines within a few hours of treatment. The unresponsive MLL-rearranged leukemia cells did not undergo mitochondrial membrane depolarization or apoptosis despite a similar attenuation of mitochondrial respiration by the compound. In comparison to the sensitive cells, the unresponsive MLL-rearranged leukemia cells were characterized by a more glycolytic metabolic phenotype, exemplified by a more pronounced sensitivity to glycolysis inhibitors and elevated HIF1α expression. Silencing of HIF1α expression sensitized an intrinsically unresponsive MLL-rearranged leukemia cell to CCI-006, indicating that this pathway plays a role in determining sensitivity to the compound. In addition, unresponsive MLL-rearranged leukemia cells expressed increased levels of MEIS1, an important leukemogenic MLL target gene that plays a role in regulating metabolic phenotype through HIF1α. MEIS1 expression was also variable in a pediatric MLL-rearranged ALL patient dataset, highlighting the existence of a previously undescribed metabolic variability in MLL-rearranged leukemia that may contribute to the heterogeneity of the disease. This study thus identified a novel small molecule that rapidly kills MLL-rearranged leukemia cells by targeting a metabolic vulnerability in a subset of low HIF1α/low MEIS1-expressing MLL-rearranged leukemia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaartje Somers
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Victoria W Wen
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Shiloh M C Middlemiss
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Brenna Osborne
- Mitochondrial Bioenergetics Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Helen Forgham
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - MoonSun Jung
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Mawar Karsa
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Molly Clifton
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Angelika Bongers
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Jixuan Gao
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Newsha Raoufi-Rad
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Eric P Kusnadi
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kate M Hannan
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra City, ACT, Australia
| | - David A Scott
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Alan Kwek
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Bing Liu
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Claudia Flemming
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Daria A Chudakova
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Ruby Pandher
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Tim W Failes
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,ACRF Drug Discovery Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James Lim
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrei L Osterman
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Toshihiko Imamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ursula R Kees
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | | | - Ross D Hannan
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra City, ACT, Australia
| | - Thomas P Davis
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Chemistry, University of Warrick, Coventry, UK
| | - Joshua McCarroll
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Maria Kavallaris
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nigel Turner
- Mitochondrial Bioenergetics Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrei V Gudkov
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.,Oncotartis, Inc., Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Murray D Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michelle J Henderson
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia.
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29
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Lawrence MG, Obinata D, Sandhu S, Selth LA, Wong SQ, Porter LH, Lister N, Pook D, Pezaro CJ, Goode DL, Rebello RJ, Clark AK, Papargiris M, Van Gramberg J, Hanson AR, Banks P, Wang H, Niranjan B, Keerthikumar S, Hedwards S, Huglo A, Yang R, Henzler C, Li Y, Lopez-Campos F, Castro E, Toivanen R, Azad A, Bolton D, Goad J, Grummet J, Harewood L, Kourambas J, Lawrentschuk N, Moon D, Murphy DG, Sengupta S, Snow R, Thorne H, Mitchell C, Pedersen J, Clouston D, Norden S, Ryan A, Dehm SM, Tilley WD, Pearson RB, Hannan RD, Frydenberg M, Furic L, Taylor RA, Risbridger GP. Patient-derived Models of Abiraterone- and Enzalutamide-resistant Prostate Cancer Reveal Sensitivity to Ribosome-directed Therapy. Eur Urol 2018; 74:562-572. [PMID: 30049486 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2018.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intractability of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is exacerbated by tumour heterogeneity, including diverse alterations to the androgen receptor (AR) axis and AR-independent phenotypes. The availability of additional models encompassing this heterogeneity would facilitate the identification of more effective therapies for CRPC. OBJECTIVE To discover therapeutic strategies by exploiting patient-derived models that exemplify the heterogeneity of CRPC. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Four new patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) were established from independent metastases of two patients and characterised using integrative genomics. A panel of rationally selected drugs was tested using an innovative ex vivo PDX culture system. INTERVENTION The following drugs were evaluated: AR signalling inhibitors (enzalutamide and galeterone), a PARP inhibitor (talazoparib), a chemotherapeutic (cisplatin), a CDK4/6 inhibitor (ribociclib), bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) protein inhibitors (iBET151 and JQ1), and inhibitors of ribosome biogenesis/function (RNA polymerase I inhibitor CX-5461 and pan-PIM kinase inhibitor CX-6258). OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Drug efficacy in ex vivo cultures of PDX tissues was evaluated using immunohistochemistry for Ki67 and cleaved caspase-3 levels. Candidate drugs were also tested for antitumour efficacy in vivo, with tumour volume being the primary endpoint. Two-tailed t tests were used to compare drug and control treatments. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Integrative genomics revealed that the new PDXs exhibited heterogeneous mechanisms of resistance, including known and novel AR mutations, genomic structural rearrangements of the AR gene, and a neuroendocrine-like AR-null phenotype. Despite their heterogeneity, all models were sensitive to the combination of ribosome-targeting agents CX-5461 and CX-6258. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that ribosome-targeting drugs may be effective against diverse CRPC subtypes including AR-null disease, and highlights the potential of contemporary patient-derived models to prioritise treatment strategies for clinical translation. PATIENT SUMMARY Diverse types of therapy-resistant prostate cancers are sensitive to a new combination of drugs that inhibit protein synthesis pathways in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell G Lawrence
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Melbourne Urological Research Alliance (MURAL), Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Daisuke Obinata
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Shahneen Sandhu
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Division of Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Cancer Tissue Collection After Death (CASCADE) Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Luke A Selth
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Stephen Q Wong
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Molecular Biomarkers and Translational Genomics Lab, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Laura H Porter
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Natalie Lister
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - David Pook
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Medical Oncology, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Carmel J Pezaro
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Eastern Health and Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
| | - David L Goode
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Computational Cancer Biology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard J Rebello
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ashlee K Clark
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Melissa Papargiris
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Melbourne Urological Research Alliance (MURAL), Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Australian Prostate Cancer Bioresource, VIC Node, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jenna Van Gramberg
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Australian Prostate Cancer Bioresource, VIC Node, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Adrienne R Hanson
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Patricia Banks
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hong Wang
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Birunthi Niranjan
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Shivakumar Keerthikumar
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Computational Cancer Biology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shelley Hedwards
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alisee Huglo
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rendong Yang
- Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Christine Henzler
- Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Yingming Li
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Elena Castro
- Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roxanne Toivanen
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Arun Azad
- Medical Oncology, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Damien Bolton
- Department of Urology, Austin Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Heidelberg, VIC, Australia; Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jeremy Goad
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Epworth Healthcare, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jeremy Grummet
- Epworth Healthcare, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Surgery, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Australian Urology Associates, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Laurence Harewood
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Epworth Healthcare, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - John Kourambas
- Department of Medicine, Monash Health, Casey Hospital, Berwick, VIC, Australia
| | - Nathan Lawrentschuk
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Surgery, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Daniel Moon
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Epworth Healthcare, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Australian Urology Associates, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; The Epworth Prostate Centre, Epworth Hospital, Richmond, VIC, Australia
| | - Declan G Murphy
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Epworth Healthcare, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shomik Sengupta
- Eastern Health and Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia; Department of Urology, Austin Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Heidelberg, VIC, Australia; Epworth Healthcare, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Surgery, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia; Epworth Freemasons, Epworth Health, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ross Snow
- Australian Urology Associates, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Heather Thorne
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; kConFab, Research Department, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Catherine Mitchell
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - John Pedersen
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; TissuPath, Mount Waverley, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Sam Norden
- TissuPath, Mount Waverley, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Scott M Dehm
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Wayne D Tilley
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Richard B Pearson
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Oncogenic Signaling and Growth Control Program, Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ross D Hannan
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Oncogenic Signaling and Growth Control Program, Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, ACT, Australia
| | - Mark Frydenberg
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Epworth Healthcare, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Australian Urology Associates, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Surgery, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Luc Furic
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Renea A Taylor
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Melbourne Urological Research Alliance (MURAL), Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Gail P Risbridger
- Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Cancer Program, Prostate Cancer Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Melbourne Urological Research Alliance (MURAL), Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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30
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Tee AE, Liu PY, Milazzo G, Hannan KM, Maag J, Bartonicek N, Song R, Jiang CC, Zhang XD, Norris MD, Haber M, Marshall GM, Li J, Vandesompele J, Mattick JS, Mestdagh P, Perini G, Hannan RD, Dinger ME, Liu T. Abstract 2453: Eradication of neuroblastoma by suppressing the expression of a single noncoding RNA. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-2453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
N-Myc gene amplification occurs in one quarter of human neuroblastoma tissues, and is a marker for poor patient prognosis. We performed RNA sequencing experiments, and identified 5 transcripts, including RP1NB1, which were most considerably differentially expressed between N-Myc gene amplified and nonamplified human neuroblastoma cell lines. Affymetrix microarray studies revealed that DEPD was one of the few genes considerably downregulated in neuroblastoma cells after RP1NB1 depletion. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed that knocking down RP1NB1 expression reduced histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation, a marker for active gene transcription, at the DEPD gene promoter. Luciferase assays demonstrated that knocking down RP1NB1 decreased DEPD gene promoter activity. Depletion of RP1NB1 or DEPD with two independent siRNAs or shRNAs significantly reduced ERK protein phosphorylation, N-Myc protein phosphorylation at Serine 62, N-Myc protein stabilization, neuroblastoma cell proliferation and survival. Clonogenic assays showed that knocking down RP1NB1 with doxycycline completely abolished colony formation capacity of neuroblastoma cells stably transfected with doxycycline-inducible RP1NB1 shRNAs. Importantly, treatment with doxycycline in mice xenografted with neuroblastoma cells stably transfected with doxycycline-inducible RP1NB1 shRNA led to tumor eradication. In human neuroblastoma tissues from 600 neuroblastoma patients, high levels of RP1NB1 gene expression correlated with DEPD gene expression and poor patient prognosis. In conclusion, this study identifies the novel long noncoding RNA RP1NB1 as an important regulator of N-Myc protein stability and neuroblastoma tumorigenesis.
Citation Format: Andrew E. Tee, Pei Y. Liu, Giorgio Milazzo, Kate M. Hannan, Jesper Maag, Nenad Bartonicek, Renhua Song, Chen C. Jiang, Xu D. Zhang, Murray D. Norris, Michelle Haber, Glenn M. Marshall, Jinyan Li, Jo Vandesompele, John S. Mattick, Pieter Mestdagh, Giovanni Perini, Ross D. Hannan, Marcel E. Dinger, Tao Liu. Eradication of neuroblastoma by suppressing the expression of a single noncoding RNA [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2453.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E. Tee
- 1Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Pei Y. Liu
- 1Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Kate M. Hannan
- 3Australian Cancer Research Foundation Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Jesper Maag
- 4Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Renhua Song
- 5Advanced Analytics Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Chen C. Jiang
- 6School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Australia
| | - Xu D. Zhang
- 6School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Australia
| | | | - Michelle Haber
- 1Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Jinyan Li
- 5Advanced Analytics Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Ross D. Hannan
- 3Australian Cancer Research Foundation Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | | | - Tao Liu
- 1Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia
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31
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Quin J, Chan KT, Devlin JR, Cameron DP, Diesch J, Cullinane C, Ahern J, Khot A, Hein N, George AJ, Hannan KM, Poortinga G, Sheppard KE, Khanna KK, Johnstone RW, Drygin D, McArthur GA, Pearson RB, Sanij E, Hannan RD. Inhibition of RNA polymerase I transcription initiation by CX-5461 activates non-canonical ATM/ATR signaling. Oncotarget 2018; 7:49800-49818. [PMID: 27391441 PMCID: PMC5226549 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA polymerase I (Pol I)-mediated transcription of the ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) is confined to the nucleolus and is a rate-limiting step for cell growth and proliferation. Inhibition of Pol I by CX-5461 can selectively induce p53-mediated apoptosis of tumour cells in vivo. Currently, CX-5461 is in clinical trial for patients with advanced haematological malignancies (Peter Mac, Melbourne). Here we demonstrate that CX-5461 also induces p53-independent cell cycle checkpoints mediated by ATM/ATR signaling in the absence of DNA damage. Further, our data demonstrate that the combination of drugs targeting ATM/ATR signaling and CX-5461 leads to enhanced therapeutic benefit in treating p53-null tumours in vivo, which are normally refractory to each drug alone. Mechanistically, we show that CX-5461 induces an unusual chromatin structure in which transcriptionally competent relaxed rDNA repeats are devoid of transcribing Pol I leading to activation of ATM signaling within the nucleoli. Thus, we propose that acute inhibition of Pol transcription initiation by CX-5461 induces a novel nucleolar stress response that can be targeted to improve therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn Quin
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St. Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Keefe T Chan
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St. Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer R Devlin
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St. Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Biomedicum 2, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Donald P Cameron
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St. Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jeannine Diesch
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St. Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Josep Carreras Institute for Leukaemia Research (IJC), Campus ICO-HGTP, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carleen Cullinane
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St. Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jessica Ahern
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St. Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amit Khot
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St. Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nadine Hein
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia
| | - Amee J George
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia.,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Katherine M Hannan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia
| | - Gretchen Poortinga
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St. Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karen E Sheppard
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St. Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kum Kum Khanna
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane City, Qld, Australia
| | - Ricky W Johnstone
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St. Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Grant A McArthur
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St. Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard B Pearson
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St. Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elaine Sanij
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St. Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ross D Hannan
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St. Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Kang J, Kusnadi EP, Ogden AJ, Hicks RJ, Bammert L, Kutay U, Hung S, Sanij E, Hannan RD, Hannan KM, Pearson RB. Amino acid-dependent signaling via S6K1 and MYC is essential for regulation of rDNA transcription. Oncotarget 2018; 7:48887-48904. [PMID: 27385002 PMCID: PMC5226478 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of RNA polymerase I (Pol I)-dependent ribosomal DNA (rDNA) transcription is a consistent feature of malignant transformation that can be targeted to treat cancer. Understanding how rDNA transcription is coupled to the availability of growth factors and nutrients will provide insight into how ribosome biogenesis is maintained in a tumour environment characterised by limiting nutrients. We demonstrate that modulation of rDNA transcription initiation, elongation and rRNA processing is an immediate, co-regulated response to altered amino acid abundance, dependent on both mTORC1 activation of S6K1 and MYC activity. Growth factors regulate rDNA transcription initiation while amino acids modulate growth factor-dependent rDNA transcription by primarily regulating S6K1-dependent rDNA transcription elongation and processing. Thus, we show for the first time amino acids regulate rRNA synthesis by a distinct, post-initiation mechanism, providing a novel model for integrated control of ribosome biogenesis that has implications for understanding how this process is dysregulated in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Kang
- Oncogenic Signaling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eric P Kusnadi
- Oncogenic Signaling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Allison J Ogden
- Oncogenic Signaling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rodney J Hicks
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Molecular Imaging and Targeted Therapeutics Laboratory, Cancer Therapeutics Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lukas Bammert
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ulrike Kutay
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sandy Hung
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital & Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elaine Sanij
- Oncogenic Signaling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ross D Hannan
- Oncogenic Signaling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberaa, ACT, Australia
| | - Katherine M Hannan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberaa, ACT, Australia
| | - Richard B Pearson
- Oncogenic Signaling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Martin CA, Cullinane C, Kirby L, Abuhammad S, Lelliott EJ, Waldeck K, Young RJ, Brajanovski N, Cameron DP, Walker R, Sanij E, Poortinga G, Hannan RD, Pearson RB, Hicks RJ, McArthur GA, Sheppard KE. Palbociclib synergizes with BRAF and MEK inhibitors in treatment naïve melanoma but not after the development of BRAF inhibitor resistance. Int J Cancer 2018; 142:2139-2152. [PMID: 29243224 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Increased CDK4 activity occurs in the majority of melanomas and CDK4/6 inhibitors in combination with BRAF and MEK inhibitors are currently in clinical trials for the treatment of melanoma. We hypothesize that the timing of the addition of CDK4/6 inhibitors to the current BRAF and MEK inhibitor regime will impact on the efficacy of this triplet drug combination. The efficacy of BRAF, MEK and CDK4/6 inhibitors as single agents and in combination was assessed in human BRAF mutant cell lines that were treatment naïve, BRAF inhibitor tolerant or had acquired resistance to BRAF inhibitors. Xenograft studies were then performed to test the in vivo efficacy of the BRAF and CDK4/6 inhibitor combination. Melanoma cells that had developed early reversible tolerance or acquired resistance to BRAF inhibition remained sensitive to palbociclib. In drug-tolerant cells, the efficacy of the combination of palbociclib with BRAF and/or MEK inhibitors was equivalent to single agent palbociclib. Similarly, acquired BRAF inhibitor resistance cells lost efficacy to the palbociclib and BRAF combination. In contrast, upfront treatment of melanoma cells with palbociclib in combination with BRAF and/or MEK inhibitors induced either cell death or senescence and was superior to a BRAF plus MEK inhibitor combination. In vivo palbociclib plus BRAF inhibitor induced rapid and sustained tumor regression without the development of therapy resistance. In summary, upfront dual targeting of CDK4/6 and mutant BRAF signaling enables tumor cells to evade resistance to monotherapy and is required for robust and sustained tumor regression. Melanoma patients whose tumors have acquired resistance to BRAF inhibition are less likely to have favorable responses to subsequent treatment with the triplet combination of BRAF, MEK and CDK4/6 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire A Martin
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Carleen Cullinane
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Laura Kirby
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Shatha Abuhammad
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Emily J Lelliott
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Kelly Waldeck
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Richard J Young
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Natalie Brajanovski
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Donald P Cameron
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Rachael Walker
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Elaine Sanij
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Gretchen Poortinga
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Ross D Hannan
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.,The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia
| | - Richard B Pearson
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, Australia
| | - Rodney J Hicks
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Grant A McArthur
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Karen E Sheppard
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Vic, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
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Venugopal P, Moore S, Lawrence DM, George AJ, Hannan RD, Bray SC, To LB, D'Andrea RJ, Feng J, Tirimacco A, Yeoman AL, Young CC, Fine M, Schreiber AW, Hahn CN, Barnett C, Saxon B, Scott HS. Self-reverting mutations partially correct the blood phenotype in a Diamond Blackfan anemia patient. Haematologica 2017; 102:e506-e509. [PMID: 28971907 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.166678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Parvathy Venugopal
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Sarah Moore
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - David M Lawrence
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.,Australian Cancer Research Foundation Cancer Genomics Facility, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Amee J George
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia.,Oncogenic Signalling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Ross D Hannan
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia.,Oncogenic Signalling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah Ce Bray
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Luen Bik To
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Australia.,Division of Haematology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Richard J D'Andrea
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,Division of Haematology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Australia
| | - Jinghua Feng
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Cancer Genomics Facility, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Australia
| | - Amanda Tirimacco
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Alexandra L Yeoman
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Chun Chun Young
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Miriam Fine
- South Australian Clinical Genetics Service, SA Pathology, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, Australia
| | - Andreas W Schreiber
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.,Australian Cancer Research Foundation Cancer Genomics Facility, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Australia
| | - Christopher N Hahn
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Australia
| | - Christopher Barnett
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Australia.,South Australian Clinical Genetics Service, SA Pathology, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ben Saxon
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Australia.,Department of Haematology, SA Pathology, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, Australia
| | - Hamish S Scott
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia .,Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Australia
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Moily NS, Ormsby AR, Stojilovic A, Ramdzan YM, Diesch J, Hannan RD, Zajac MS, Hannan AJ, Oshlack A, Hatters DM. Transcriptional profiles for distinct aggregation states of mutant Huntingtin exon 1 protein unmask new Huntington's disease pathways. Mol Cell Neurosci 2017; 83:103-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Gao J, Somers K, Hannan KM, Fletcher JI, Liu B, Hannan RD, Pearson RB, Haber M, Norris MD, Henderson MJ. Abstract 1956: ABCE1 regulates the translational profile of neuroblastoma to drive tumor progression. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-1956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children. A key driver of high-risk neuroblastoma is the MYCN transcription factor which fuels neuroblastoma progression by enhancing metabolic processes including protein translation (1). ABCE1, a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily of transporters, is a translation factor directly up-regulated by MYCN (2). It is thought to dissociate the 80S ribosome into free 40S and 60S subunits so they can re-initiate translation and provide the protein building blocks required for rapid cell growth and migration (3). High ABCE1 expression is associated with poor clinical outcome in neuroblastoma patients (2). Therefore, we hypothesized that ABCE1 suppression may inhibit the aggressiveness of neuroblastoma by disabling protein synthesis. To test this, we suppressed ABCE1 using siRNAs in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cell lines, SK-N-BE(2) and CHP-134, which resulted in severely impaired cell migration (P<0.001) and proliferation (P<0.005). In mice xenografted with SK-N-BE(2) cells, ABCE1 suppression delayed tumor growth (P=0.001) and metastasis (P<0.001). Mechanistically, when polyribosome analysis was used to monitor the impact of ABCE1 expression on protein translation in SK-N-BE(2) cells, loss of ABCE1 reduced the proportion of actively translating ribosomes (P<0.001), leading to lower global protein synthesis (P=0.018). This is the first report of ABCE1 acting as pro-tumorigenic factor in neuroblastoma. Our data imply that targeting the translational machinery through ABCE1 may be an effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of MYC-driven cancers.
1.
Boon, K., Caron, H. N., van Asperen, R., Valentijn, L., Hermus, M. C., van Sluis, P., Roobeek, I., Weis, I., Voûte, P.A., Schwab, M. & Versteeg, R. (2001) EMBO J. 20, 1383-1393.
2.
Porro, A., Haber, M., Diolaiti, D., Iraci, N., Henderson, M., Gherardi, S., Valli, E., Munoz, M.A., Xue, C., Flemming, C., Schwab, M., Wong, J.H., Marshall, G.M., Della Valle, G., Norris, M.D. & Perini, G. (2010) J. Biol. Chem. 285, 19532-19543.
3.
Pisarev, A.V., Skabkin, M.A., Pisareva, V.P., Skabkina, O.V., Rakotondrafara, A.M., Hentze, M.W., Hellen C.U. & Pestova, T.V. (2010). Mol. Cell, 37, 196-210.
Citation Format: Jixuan Gao, Klaartje Somers, Katherine M. Hannan, Jamie I. Fletcher, Bing Liu, Ross D. Hannan, Richard B. Pearson, Michelle Haber, Murray D. Norris, Michelle J. Henderson. ABCE1 regulates the translational profile of neuroblastoma to drive tumor progression [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1956. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-1956
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixuan Gao
- 1Children's Cancer Institute, Randwick, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Bing Liu
- 1Children's Cancer Institute, Randwick, Australia
| | - Ross D. Hannan
- 2The Australian National University, Canberra City, Australia
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Yan S, Chan KT, Simpson KJ, Sanij E, Sheppard KE, Hannan KM, Hannan RD, Pearson RB. Abstract A24: A genome-wide RNAi screen identifies synthetic lethality of CX-5461 with homologous recombination repair deficiency in ovarian cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1557-3125.dnarepair16-a24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Cancer is characterized by deregulated cell growth and proliferation, both of which are associated with hyperactivation of ribosome biogenesis. Inhibition of ribosome biogenesis using CX-5461, a specific inhibitor of RNA polymerase I-dependent transcription, has shown therapeutic efficacy in a MYC driven B-cell lymphoma mouse model, which is enhanced when used in combination with the mTORC1 inhibitor Everolimus. However, the therapeutic potential of CX-5461 in solid cancers is yet to be determined.
Our preliminary data utilizing a panel of 36 ovarian cancer (OVCA) cell lines suggest that acute CX-5461 treatment results in cell cycle arrest and does not induce apoptosis. We hypothesize that the identification of genes that can be targeted to cooperate with CX-5461 will define novel drug combinations for the improved treatment of OVCA. Therefore, we performed a genome-wide RNAi screen to identify synthetic lethal genes with CX-5461 in the high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) cell line OVCAR4. Pathway enrichment analysis of the candidate hits showed significant enrichment in the homologous recombination DNA repair (HR) pathway. Synergy with CX-5461 was validated in multiple HGSOC cell lines by both genetic and pharmacological inhibition of HR pathway components. We are currently investigating the mechanism of this synergy and will further assess efficacy in vivo.
As HR deficiency is observed in 20% of OVCA patients, we suggest that future application of our studies will lead to new therapeutic options to improve the survival of this cohort of patients.
Citation Format: Shunfei Yan, Keefe T. Chan, Kaylene J. Simpson, Elaine Sanij, Karen E. Sheppard, Katherine M. Hannan, Ross D. Hannan, Richard B. Pearson. A genome-wide RNAi screen identifies synthetic lethality of CX-5461 with homologous recombination repair deficiency in ovarian cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on DNA Repair: Tumor Development and Therapeutic Response; 2016 Nov 2-5; Montreal, QC, Canada. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2017;15(4_Suppl):Abstract nr A24.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunfei Yan
- 1Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,
| | - Keefe T. Chan
- 1Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,
| | | | - Elaine Sanij
- 1Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,
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Hannan RD, Hein N, Hannan KM, Poortinga G, Sanij E, Sornkom J, MacLachlan K, Cuddihy A, Cullinane C, Furic L, Drygin D, Haddach M, Harrison S, McArthur G, Pearson RB. Abstract IA10: Drugging the ribosome at the level of synthesis and translation to treat solid and hematologic cancers. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.transcontrol16-ia10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Recent findings by our group have been instrumental in the development of the novel selective inhibitors of RNA Polymerase I (Pol I) (Drygin et al., Cancer Research, 2011; Bywater et al. Cancer Cell, 2012). This work has led to the fundamental discovery that ribosomal gene transcription by Pol I is not simply a “housekeeping” process in cancer cells but is highly regulated to maintain their viability (Bywater et al. Nature Reviews Cancer, 2013). Strikingly, inhibition of Pol I transcription shows a profound selectivity for malignant over normal cells in preclinical studies.
As with the majority of targeted therapies, despite initial favorable responses to approaches that target ribosome synthesis and/or function in MYC-driven lymphoma models, resistant disease emerges. It is increasingly clear that maximizing the inhibition of key signaling networks as a whole improves anti-tumor response. The well-established reliance of MYC-driven malignancies on elevated rates of ribosome biogenesis, mTORC1/eIF4E-driven protein synthesis, and cell growth makes them vulnerable to therapeutic strategies that target the ribosome. Thus we hypothesized that the simultaneous targeting of the ribosome at multiple points would antagonize the development of acquired resistance and consequently prolong survival in MYC-driven cancer models. We will present data to demonstrate that targeting both ribosome synthesis and function through the combination of novel inhibitors of RNA polymerase I transcription, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling inhibitors or PIM Kinase inhibitors provides a significant increase in survival compared to treatment with single agents (Devlin et al., Cancer Discovery 2016; Rebello et al., Clinical Cancer Res. 2016). We will also discuss the molecular mechanism by which multipoint targeting of the ribosome synergizes to increase survival. Finally we will discuss our collaboration with Pimera, Inc. to develop highly selective second generation RNA Pol I inhibitors. The lead compound PMR-116 is showing exceptional activity in transgenic models of malignancy, including MLL-ENL AML and Vk*MYC driven multiple myeloma. We anticipate this compound will enter the clinic in 2017.
Citation Format: Ross D. Hannan, Nadine Hein, Katherine M. Hannan, Gretchen Poortinga, Elaine Sanij, Jirawas Sornkom, Kylee MacLachlan, Andrew Cuddihy, Carleen Cullinane, Luc Furic, Denis Drygin, Mustapha Haddach, Simon Harrison, Grant McArthur, Richard B. Pearson. Drugging the ribosome at the level of synthesis and translation to treat solid and hematologic cancers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Translational Control of Cancer: A New Frontier in Cancer Biology and Therapy; 2016 Oct 27-30; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(6 Suppl):Abstract nr IA10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross D. Hannan
- 1John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Act, Australia,
| | - Nadine Hein
- 1John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Act, Australia,
| | - Katherine M. Hannan
- 1John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Act, Australia,
| | - Gretchen Poortinga
- 2Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,
| | - Elaine Sanij
- 2Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,
| | - Jirawas Sornkom
- 2Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,
| | - Kylee MacLachlan
- 2Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,
| | - Andrew Cuddihy
- 2Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,
| | - Carleen Cullinane
- 2Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,
| | - Luc Furic
- 2Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,
| | | | | | - Simon Harrison
- 4Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Grant McArthur
- 2Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,
| | - Richard B. Pearson
- 2Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,
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Rebello RJ, Kusnadi E, Cameron DP, Pearson HB, Lesmana A, Devlin JR, Drygin D, Clark AK, Porter L, Pedersen J, Sandhu S, Risbridger GP, Pearson RB, Hannan RD, Furic L. Abstract B23: Inhibition of ribosomal RNA synthesis as a new therapeutic approach to treat advanced prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.transcontrol16-b23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Prostate epithelium is exquisitely sensitive to the overexpression of the proto-oncogene MYC which causes neoplastic transformation. Indeed, MYC protein is almost universally overexpressed in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) making targeting MYC an attractive option for treating advanced stage disease. Unfortunately, the development of therapeutic agents directly targeting MYC has been largely unsuccessful, thus emphasizing the need to indirectly target MYC activity through inhibition of downstream cellular processes it regulates. One of the main effects of MYC in cancer cells is to accelerate proliferative growth via stimulation of high levels of ribosome biogenesis. Accordingly, the control of protein synthesis rate has emerged as the “Achilles' heel” of a wide array of tumors. MYC also regulates and cooperates with PIM kinases to increase the activity of the eIF4F translation initiation complex and MYC-driven tumors are addicted to eIF4E. Here, we investigate the efficacy of a single and dual approach targeting ribosome biogenesis and function to treat prostate cancer (PC).
Experimental design: We employed numerous models of PC, including a novel CRPC patient derived xenograft system, which showed the pre-clinical efficacy of therapies that combine to target MYC directed signaling to the ribosome. The inhibition of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis with CX-5461, a potent, selective and orally bioavailable inhibitor of RNA polymerase I (Pol I) transcription has been successfully exploited therapeutically, but only in models of hematological malignancy. CX-5461 and CX-6258, a pan-PIM kinase inhibitor, were tested alone and in combination in PC cell lines, in Hi-MYC and PTEN-deficient mouse models and in patient derived xenografts (PDX) of metastatic tissue obtained from a castration-resistant PC patient.
Results: CX-5461 inhibited anchorage-independent growth and induced cell cycle arrest in PC cell lines at nanomolar concentrations. Oral administration of 50 mg/kg CX-5461 induced p53 expression and activity and reduced proliferation (Ki-67) and invasion (loss of ductal actin) in Hi-MYC tumors, but not in PTEN null (low MYC) tumors. While 100 mg/kg CX-6258 showed limited effect alone, its combination with CX-5461 further suppressed proliferation and dramatically reduced large invasive lesions in both models. This rational combination strategy significantly inhibited proliferation and induced cell death in PDX of PC.
Conclusion: Our results demonstrate preclinical efficacy of targeting the ribosome at multiple levels and provide a new approach for the treatment of PC. In addition, a key conclusion of our study is that the androgen receptor (AR) presence or activity has no significant impact on the therapeutic activity of our novel combination therapy. Therefore, we believe our new exciting combination therapy could be used in the clinic in combination with current anti-androgens or as salvage therapy in multi-drug resistant CRPC.
Citation Format: Richard J. Rebello, Eric Kusnadi, Don P. Cameron, Helen B. Pearson, Analia Lesmana, Jennifer R. Devlin, Denis Drygin, Ashlee K. Clark, Laura Porter, John Pedersen, Shahneen Sandhu, Gail P. Risbridger, Richard B. Pearson, Ross D. Hannan, Luc Furic. Inhibition of ribosomal RNA synthesis as a new therapeutic approach to treat advanced prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Translational Control of Cancer: A New Frontier in Cancer Biology and Therapy; 2016 Oct 27-30; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(6 Suppl):Abstract nr B23.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric Kusnadi
- 2Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, Vic, Australia,
| | - Don P. Cameron
- 2Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, Vic, Australia,
| | | | - Analia Lesmana
- 2Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, Vic, Australia,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ross D. Hannan
- 5John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Act, Australia
| | - Luc Furic
- 1Monash University, Clayton, Vic, Australia,
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Lefebure M, Tothill RW, Kruse E, Hawkins ED, Shortt J, Matthews GM, Gregory GP, Martin BP, Kelly MJ, Todorovski I, Doyle MA, Lupat R, Li J, Schroeder J, Wall M, Craig S, Poortinga G, Cameron D, Bywater M, Kats L, Gearhart MD, Bardwell VJ, Dickins RA, Hannan RD, Papenfuss AT, Johnstone RW. Genomic characterisation of Eμ-Myc mouse lymphomas identifies Bcor as a Myc co-operative tumour-suppressor gene. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14581. [PMID: 28262675 PMCID: PMC5343491 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Eμ-Myc mouse is an extensively used model of MYC driven malignancy; however to date there has only been partial characterization of MYC co-operative mutations leading to spontaneous lymphomagenesis. Here we sequence spontaneously arising Eμ-Myc lymphomas to define transgene architecture, somatic mutations, and structural alterations. We identify frequent disruptive mutations in the PRC1-like component and BCL6-corepressor gene Bcor. Moreover, we find unexpected concomitant multigenic lesions involving Cdkn2a loss and other cancer genes including Nras, Kras and Bcor. These findings challenge the assumed two-hit model of Eμ-Myc lymphoma and demonstrate a functional in vivo role for Bcor in suppressing tumorigenesis. The Eμ-Myc lymphoma mouse model has been invaluable in the study of this disease. Here, the authors use multiple sequencing strategies to analyse the tumours in these mice and find recurrent inactivating mutations in Bcor, suggesting that this gene has a negative role in Myc signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Lefebure
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Richard W Tothill
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Kruse
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Edwin D Hawkins
- The Walter Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Jake Shortt
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing &Health Sciences, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | | | - Gareth P Gregory
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Benjamin P Martin
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Madison J Kelly
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | | | - Maria A Doyle
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Richard Lupat
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Jason Li
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Jan Schroeder
- The Walter Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Meaghan Wall
- Victorian Cancer Cytogenetics Service, St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Stuart Craig
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | | | - Don Cameron
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Megan Bywater
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Lev Kats
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Micah D Gearhart
- Developmental Biology Center, Masonic Cancer Center, and Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Vivian J Bardwell
- Developmental Biology Center, Masonic Cancer Center, and Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Ross A Dickins
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, AMREP Building, Commercial Road, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Ross D Hannan
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Department, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia
| | - Anthony T Papenfuss
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,The Walter Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Ricky W Johnstone
- The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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Rebello RJ, Pearson RB, Hannan RD, Furic L. Therapeutic Approaches Targeting MYC-Driven Prostate Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8020071. [PMID: 28212321 PMCID: PMC5333060 DOI: 10.3390/genes8020071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcript encoding the proto-oncogene MYC is commonly overexpressed in prostate cancer (PC). MYC protein abundance is also increased in the majority of cases of advanced and metastatic castrate-resistant PC (mCRPC). Accordingly, the MYC-directed transcriptional program directly contributes to PC by upregulating the expression of a number of pro-tumorigenic factors involved in cell growth and proliferation. A key cellular process downstream of MYC activity is the regulation of ribosome biogenesis which sustains tumor growth. MYC activity also cooperates with the dysregulation of the phosphoinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mTOR pathway to promote PC cell survival. Recent advances in the understanding of these interactions through the use of animal models have provided significant insight into the therapeutic efficacy of targeting MYC activity by interfering with its transcriptional program, and indirectly by targeting downstream cellular events linked to MYC transformation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Rebello
- Prostate Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
- Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Richard B Pearson
- Oncogenic Signalling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Ross D Hannan
- Oncogenic Signalling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia.
- The ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Luc Furic
- Prostate Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
- Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia.
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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43
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Colebatch AJ, Di Stefano L, Wong SQ, Hannan RD, Waring PM, Dobrovic A, McArthur GA, Papenfuss AT. Clustered somatic mutations are frequent in transcription factor binding motifs within proximal promoter regions in melanoma and other cutaneous malignancies. Oncotarget 2016; 7:66569-66585. [PMID: 27611953 PMCID: PMC5341821 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Most cancer DNA sequencing studies have prioritized recurrent non-synonymous coding mutations in order to identify novel cancer-related mutations. Although attention is increasingly being paid to mutations in non-coding regions, standard approaches to identifying significant mutations may not be appropriate and there has been limited analysis of mutational clusters in functionally annotated non-coding regions. We sought to identify clustered somatic mutations (hotspot regions across samples) in functionally annotated regions in melanoma and other cutaneous malignancies (cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma and Merkel cell carcinoma). Sliding window analyses revealed numerous recurrent clustered hotspot mutations in proximal promoters, with some specific clusters present in up to 25% of cases. Mutations in melanoma were clustered within ETS and Sp1 transcription factor binding motifs, had a UV signature and were identified in other cutaneous malignancies. Clinicopathologic correlation and mutation analysis support a causal role for chronic UV irradiation generating somatic mutations in transcription factor binding motifs of proximal promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Colebatch
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leon Di Stefano
- Bioinformatics Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen Q. Wong
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ross D. Hannan
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Paul M. Waring
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alexander Dobrovic
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Translational Genomics and Epigenomics Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Grant A. McArthur
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anthony T. Papenfuss
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Victoria, Australia
- Bioinformatics Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Chan KT, Paavolainen L, Hannan KM, George AJ, Hannan RD, Simpson KJ, Horvath P, Pearson RB. Combining High-Content Imaging and Phenotypic Classification Analysis of Senescence-Associated Beta-Galactosidase Staining to Identify Regulators of Oncogene-Induced Senescence. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2016. [PMID: 27552145 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2016.739/asset/images/large/figure6.jpeg] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperactivation of the PI3K/AKT/mTORC1 signaling pathway is a hallmark of the majority of sporadic human cancers. Paradoxically, chronic activation of this pathway in nontransformed cells promotes senescence, which acts as a significant barrier to malignant progression. Understanding how this oncogene-induced senescence is maintained in nontransformed cells and conversely how it is subverted in cancer cells will provide insight into cancer development and potentially identify novel therapeutic targets. High-throughput screening provides a powerful platform for target discovery. Here, we describe an approach to use RNAi transfection of a pre-established AKT-induced senescent cell population and subsequent high-content imaging to screen for senescence regulators. We have incorporated multiparametric readouts, including cell number, proliferation, and senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-βGal) staining. Using machine learning and automated image analysis, we also describe methods to classify distinct phenotypes of cells with SA-βGal staining. These methods can be readily adaptable to high-throughput functional screens interrogating the mechanisms that maintain and prevent senescence in various contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keefe T Chan
- 1 Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lassi Paavolainen
- 2 Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katherine M Hannan
- 3 John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University , Canberra, Australia
- 4 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amee J George
- 3 John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University , Canberra, Australia
- 5 School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland , Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ross D Hannan
- 1 Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne, Australia
- 3 John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University , Canberra, Australia
- 4 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia
- 5 School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland , Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- 6 Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia
- 7 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University , Clayton, Australia
| | - Kaylene J Simpson
- 6 Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia
- 8 Victorian Centre for Functional Genomics, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter Horvath
- 2 Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland
- 9 Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Szeged, Hungary
| | - Richard B Pearson
- 1 Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne, Australia
- 4 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia
- 6 Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia
- 7 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University , Clayton, Australia
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Chan KT, Paavolainen L, Hannan KM, George AJ, Hannan RD, Simpson KJ, Horvath P, Pearson RB. Combining High-Content Imaging and Phenotypic Classification Analysis of Senescence-Associated Beta-Galactosidase Staining to Identify Regulators of Oncogene-Induced Senescence. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2016; 14:416-28. [DOI: 10.1089/adt.2016.739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Keefe T. Chan
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lassi Paavolainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katherine M. Hannan
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amee J. George
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ross D. Hannan
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kaylene J. Simpson
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Victorian Centre for Functional Genomics, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter Horvath
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Richard B. Pearson
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
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46
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Rebello RJ, Kusnadi E, Cameron DP, Pearson HB, Lesmana A, Devlin JR, Drygin D, Clark AK, Porter L, Pedersen J, Sandhu S, Risbridger GP, Pearson RB, Hannan RD, Furic L. The Dual Inhibition of RNA Pol I Transcription and PIM Kinase as a New Therapeutic Approach to Treat Advanced Prostate Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:5539-5552. [PMID: 27486174 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The MYC oncogene is frequently overexpressed in prostate cancer. Upregulation of ribosome biogenesis and function is characteristic of MYC-driven tumors. In addition, PIM kinases activate MYC signaling and mRNA translation in prostate cancer and cooperate with MYC to accelerate tumorigenesis. Here, we investigate the efficacy of a single and dual approach targeting ribosome biogenesis and function to treat prostate cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The inhibition of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis with CX-5461, a potent, selective, and orally bioavailable inhibitor of RNA polymerase I (Pol I) transcription, has been successfully exploited therapeutically but only in models of hematologic malignancy. CX-5461 and CX-6258, a pan-PIM kinase inhibitor, were tested alone and in combination in prostate cancer cell lines, in Hi-MYC- and PTEN-deficient mouse models and in patient-derived xenografts (PDX) of metastatic tissue obtained from a patient with castration-resistant prostate cancer. RESULTS CX-5461 inhibited anchorage-independent growth and induced cell-cycle arrest in prostate cancer cell lines at nanomolar concentrations. Oral administration of 50 mg/kg CX-5461 induced TP53 expression and activity and reduced proliferation (MKI67) and invasion (loss of ductal actin) in Hi-MYC tumors, but not in PTEN-null (low MYC) tumors. While 100 mg/kg CX-6258 showed limited effect alone, its combination with CX-5461 further suppressed proliferation and dramatically reduced large invasive lesions in both models. This rational combination strategy significantly inhibited proliferation and induced cell death in PDX of prostate cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate preclinical efficacy of targeting the ribosome at multiple levels and provide a new approach for the treatment of prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 22(22); 5539-52. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Rebello
- Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eric Kusnadi
- Oncogenic Signaling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Donald P Cameron
- Oncogenic Signaling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Helen B Pearson
- Oncogenic Signaling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Analia Lesmana
- Oncogenic Signaling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer R Devlin
- Oncogenic Signaling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Ashlee K Clark
- Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Laura Porter
- Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Shahneen Sandhu
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gail P Risbridger
- Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard B Pearson
- Oncogenic Signaling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. .,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ross D Hannan
- Oncogenic Signaling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. .,Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Luc Furic
- Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.
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Rebello RJ, Kusnadi E, Cameron DP, Pearson HB, Lesmana A, Devlin JR, Drygin D, Clark AK, Porter L, Pedersen J, Sandhu S, Risbridger GP, Pearson RB, Hannan RD, Furic L. The Dual Inhibition of RNA Pol I Transcription and PIM Kinase as a New Therapeutic Approach to Treat Advanced Prostate Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2016. [PMID: 27486174 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-1024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The MYC oncogene is frequently overexpressed in prostate cancer. Upregulation of ribosome biogenesis and function is characteristic of MYC-driven tumors. In addition, PIM kinases activate MYC signaling and mRNA translation in prostate cancer and cooperate with MYC to accelerate tumorigenesis. Here, we investigate the efficacy of a single and dual approach targeting ribosome biogenesis and function to treat prostate cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The inhibition of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis with CX-5461, a potent, selective, and orally bioavailable inhibitor of RNA polymerase I (Pol I) transcription, has been successfully exploited therapeutically but only in models of hematologic malignancy. CX-5461 and CX-6258, a pan-PIM kinase inhibitor, were tested alone and in combination in prostate cancer cell lines, in Hi-MYC- and PTEN-deficient mouse models and in patient-derived xenografts (PDX) of metastatic tissue obtained from a patient with castration-resistant prostate cancer. RESULTS CX-5461 inhibited anchorage-independent growth and induced cell-cycle arrest in prostate cancer cell lines at nanomolar concentrations. Oral administration of 50 mg/kg CX-5461 induced TP53 expression and activity and reduced proliferation (MKI67) and invasion (loss of ductal actin) in Hi-MYC tumors, but not in PTEN-null (low MYC) tumors. While 100 mg/kg CX-6258 showed limited effect alone, its combination with CX-5461 further suppressed proliferation and dramatically reduced large invasive lesions in both models. This rational combination strategy significantly inhibited proliferation and induced cell death in PDX of prostate cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate preclinical efficacy of targeting the ribosome at multiple levels and provide a new approach for the treatment of prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 22(22); 5539-52. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Rebello
- Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eric Kusnadi
- Oncogenic Signaling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Donald P Cameron
- Oncogenic Signaling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Helen B Pearson
- Oncogenic Signaling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Analia Lesmana
- Oncogenic Signaling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer R Devlin
- Oncogenic Signaling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Ashlee K Clark
- Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Laura Porter
- Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Shahneen Sandhu
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gail P Risbridger
- Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard B Pearson
- Oncogenic Signaling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. .,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ross D Hannan
- Oncogenic Signaling and Growth Control Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. .,Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Luc Furic
- Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.
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Rebello RJ, Kusnadi E, Cameron D, Lesmana A, Drygin D, Clark AK, Porter L, Sandhu S, Risbridger GP, Pearson RB, Hannan RD, Furic L. Abstract 5181: Dual inhibition of RNA Pol I transcription and PIM kinase as a new therapy to treat prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-5181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The MYC oncogene is commonly over-expressed in prostate cancer (PC). Upregulation of ribosome biogenesis and function is a characteristic feature of MYC-driven tumors. Accordingly, inhibition of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis with CX-5461, a potent, selective and orally bioavailable inhibitor of RNA polymerase I (Pol I) transcription has been successfully exploited therapeutically in models of hematological malignancy characterized by elevated MYC expression. Additionally, PIM kinases activate MYC signaling and mRNA translation in PC and cooperate with MYC to accelerate tumorigenesis. Here we investigate the efficacy of a dual approach targeting ribosome biogenesis and function to treat PC by combining CX-5461 with the pan-PIM kinase inhibitor CX-6258 in murine and human models
Methods: The efficacy of CX-5461 and CX-6258, alone and in combination, was tested in PC cell lines, in the Hi-MYC mouse model of PC (n = 8-11 per group) and in PC metastatic tissues. Primary cell lines derived from Hi-MYC mice were used to analyze signaling events underpinning therapeutic efficacy. Triplicate experiments were analyzed with ANOVA followed by Dunnett's post hoc test. All statistical tests were two-sided.
Results: CX-5461 reduced anchorage independent growth and induced cell cycle arrest in human PC cell lines and in primary prostatic epithelial cells from Hi-MYC mice (P<0.001). CX-5461 treatment of Hi-MYC mice induced p53 expression and activity and significantly reduced prostate epithelial cell proliferation (P = 0.02) and invasion. While CX-6258 showed little effect alone, its combination with CX-5461 further suppressed proliferation (P = 0.01), dramatically reduced the incidence of large invasive lesions from 64% to 9% and preserved prostate ductal architecture.
This promising combination strategy prevented the growth of PDX tissue characterized by elevated MYC and resistance to conventional therapy (P = 0.04).
Conclusions: Our results demonstrate preclinical efficacy of combination therapies targeting the ribosome at multiple levels and provide a new approach for treatment of PC with high MYC activity.
Citation Format: Richard J. Rebello, Eric Kusnadi, Don Cameron, Analia Lesmana, Denis Drygin, Ashlee K. Clark, Laura Porter, Shahneen Sandhu, Gail P. Risbridger, Richard B. Pearson, Ross D. Hannan, Luc Furic. Dual inhibition of RNA Pol I transcription and PIM kinase as a new therapy to treat prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 5181.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric Kusnadi
- 2Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Don Cameron
- 2Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Luc Furic
- 1Monash University, Clayton, Australia
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Guo L, Zaysteva O, Nie Z, Mitchell NC, Amanda Lee JE, Ware T, Parsons L, Luwor R, Poortinga G, Hannan RD, Levens DL, Quinn LM. Defining the essential function of FBP/KSRP proteins: Drosophila Psi interacts with the mediator complex to modulate MYC transcription and tissue growth. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:7646-58. [PMID: 27207882 PMCID: PMC5027480 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite two decades of research, the major function of FBP-family KH domain proteins during animal development remains controversial. The literature is divided between RNA processing and transcriptional functions for these single stranded nucleic acid binding proteins. Using Drosophila, where the three mammalian FBP proteins (FBP1-3) are represented by one ortholog, Psi, we demonstrate the primary developmental role is control of cell and tissue growth. Co-IP-mass spectrometry positioned Psi in an interactome predominantly comprised of RNA Polymerase II (RNA Pol II) transcriptional machinery and we demonstrate Psi is a potent transcriptional activator. The most striking interaction was between Psi and the transcriptional mediator (MED) complex, a known sensor of signaling inputs. Moreover, genetic manipulation of MED activity modified Psi-dependent growth, which suggests Psi interacts with MED to integrate developmental growth signals. Our data suggest the key target of the Psi/MED network in controlling developmentally regulated tissue growth is the transcription factor MYC. As FBP1 has been implicated in controlling expression of the MYC oncogene, we predict interaction between MED and FBP1 might also have implications for cancer initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linna Guo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Olga Zaysteva
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Zuqin Nie
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Naomi C Mitchell
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Jue Er Amanda Lee
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Thomas Ware
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Linda Parsons
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Rodney Luwor
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Gretchen Poortinga
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St. Andrews Place, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Ross D Hannan
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra City, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - David L Levens
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Leonie M Quinn
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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Devlin JR, Hannan KM, Hein N, Cullinane C, Kusnadi E, Ng PY, George AJ, Shortt J, Bywater MJ, Poortinga G, Sanij E, Kang J, Drygin D, O'Brien S, Johnstone RW, McArthur GA, Hannan RD, Pearson RB. Combination Therapy Targeting Ribosome Biogenesis and mRNA Translation Synergistically Extends Survival in MYC-Driven Lymphoma. Cancer Discov 2015; 6:59-70. [PMID: 26490423 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-14-0673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis are dysregulated in many cancers, with those driven by the proto-oncogene c-MYC characterized by elevated Pol I-mediated ribosomal rDNA transcription and mTORC1/eIF4E-driven mRNA translation. Here, we demonstrate that coordinated targeting of rDNA transcription and PI3K-AKT-mTORC1-dependent ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis provides a remarkable improvement in survival in MYC-driven B lymphoma. Combining an inhibitor of rDNA transcription (CX-5461) with the mTORC1 inhibitor everolimus more than doubled survival of Eμ-Myc lymphoma-bearing mice. The ability of each agent to trigger tumor cell death via independent pathways was central to their synergistic efficacy. CX-5461 induced nucleolar stress and p53 pathway activation, whereas everolimus induced expression of the proapoptotic protein BMF that was independent of p53 and reduced expression of RPL11 and RPL5. Thus, targeting the network controlling the synthesis and function of ribosomes at multiple points provides a potential new strategy to treat MYC-driven malignancies. SIGNIFICANCE Treatment options for the high proportion of cancers driven by MYC are limited. We demonstrate that combining pharmacologic targeting of ribosome biogenesis and mTORC1-dependent translation provides a remarkable therapeutic benefit to Eμ-Myc lymphoma-bearing mice. These results establish a rationale for targeting ribosome biogenesis and function to treat MYC-driven cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Devlin
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katherine M Hannan
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, Australia.
| | - Nadine Hein
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Carleen Cullinane
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eric Kusnadi
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pui Yee Ng
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amee J George
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, Australia. School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jake Shortt
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Megan J Bywater
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gretchen Poortinga
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elaine Sanij
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jian Kang
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - Ricky W Johnstone
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Grant A McArthur
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ross D Hannan
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, Australia. Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard B Pearson
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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