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Prakash J, Ramesh K, Tripathi D, Kumar R. Corrigendum to "Numerical simulation of heat transfer in blood flow altered by electroosmosis through tapered micro-vessels" [Microvasc. Res. 118 (2018) 162-172]. Microvasc Res 2024; 153:104657. [PMID: 38267351 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2024.104657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- J Prakash
- Department of Mathematics, Agni College of Technology, Thalambur, Chennai 600120, Tamilnadu, India
| | - K Ramesh
- Department of Mathematics, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144411, Punjab, India
| | - D Tripathi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, 303007, Rajasthan, India.
| | - R Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, 303007, Rajasthan, India
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Maurya HS, Vikram RJ, Kumar R, Rahmani R, Juhani K, Sergejev F, Prashanth KG. EBSD investigation of microstructure and microtexture evolution on additively manufactured TiC-Fe based cermets-Influence of multiple laser scanning. Micron 2024; 180:103613. [PMID: 38428322 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2024.103613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Sustainable TiC-Fe-based cermets have been fabricated by adopting an Additive Manufacturing route based on laser powder bed fusion technology (L-PBF). The objective is to produce crack-free cermet components by employing novel multiple laser scanning techniques with variations in laser process parameters. Electron backscatter diffraction analysis (EBSD) was used to study the microstructure and microtexture evolution with variations in laser process parameters. The investigation revealed that adjusting the preheating scan speed (PHS) and melting scan speed (MS) influenced the growth and nucleation of TiC phases. Lowering these speeds resulted in grain coarsening, while higher scan speeds led to grain refinement with larger sub-grain boundaries. Moreover, a high scanning speed increases the degree of dislocation density and internal stress in the fabricated cermet parts. Notably, it is revealed that decreasing the laser scan speed enhanced the proportion of high-angle grain boundaries in the cermet components, signifying an increase in material ductility.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Maurya
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn 19086, Estonia; Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå SE-97187, Sweden.
| | - R J Vikram
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - R Kumar
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn 19086, Estonia
| | - R Rahmani
- CiTin- Centro de Interface Tecnológico Industrial, Arcos de Valdevez 4970-786, Portugal; ProMetheus- Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo (IPVC), Viana do Castelo 4900-347, Portugal
| | - K Juhani
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn 19086, Estonia
| | - F Sergejev
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn 19086, Estonia
| | - K G Prashanth
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn 19086, Estonia; Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Jahnstrasse 12, Leoben 8700, Austria; CBCMT, School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore, Tamil Nadu 630014, India
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Anand A, Hegde NC, Chhabra P, Purohit J, Kumar R, Gupta A, Lad DP, Mohindra R, Mehrotra S, Vijayvergiya R, Kumar B, Sharma V, Malhotra P, Ahluwalia J, Das R, Patil AN, Shafiq N, Malhotra S. Pharmacogenetic guided versus standard warfarin dosing for routine clinical care with its pharmacoeconomic impact: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Ann Hematol 2024:10.1007/s00277-024-05757-1. [PMID: 38634917 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-024-05757-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Empirical use of pharmacogenetic test(PGT) is advocated for many drugs, and resource-rich setting hospitals are using the same commonly. The clinical translation of pharmacogenetic tests in terms of cost and clinical utility is yet to be examined in hospitals of low middle income countries (LMICs). AIM The present study assessed the clinical utility of PGT by comparing the pharmacogenetically(PGT) guided- versus standard of care(SOC)- warfarin therapy, including the health economics of the two warfarin therapies. METHODS An open-label, randomized, controlled clinical trial recruited warfarin-receiving patients in pharmacogenetically(PGT) guided- versus standard of care(SOC)- study arms. Pharmacogenetic analysis of CYP2C9*2(rs1799853), CYP2C9*3(rs1057910) and VKORC1(rs9923231) was performed for patients recruited to the PGT-guided arm. PT(Prothrombin Time)-INR(international normalized ratio) testing and dose titrations were allowed as per routine clinical practice. The primary endpoint was the percent time spent in the therapeutic INR range(TTR) during the 90-day observation period. Secondary endpoints were time to reach therapeutic INR(TRT), the proportion of adverse events, and economic comparison between two modes of therapy in a Markov model built for the commonest warfarin indication- atrial fibrillation. RESULTS The study enrolled 168 patients, 84 in each arm. Per-protocol analysis showed a significantly high median time spent in therapeutic INR in the genotype-guided arm(42.85%; CI 21.4-66.75) as compared to the SOC arm(8.8%; CI 0-27.2)(p < 0.00001). The TRT was less in the PG-guided warfarin dosing group than the standard-of-care dosing warfarin group (17.85 vs. 33.92 days) (p = 0.002). Bleeding and thromboembolic events were similar in the two study groups. Lifetime expenditure was ₹1,26,830 in the PGT arm compared to ₹1,17,907 in the SOC arm. The QALY gain did not differ in the two groups(3.9 vs. 3.65). Compared to SOC, the incremental cost-utility ratio was ₹35,962 per QALY gain with PGT test opting. In deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analysis, the base case results were found to be insensitive to the variation in model parameters. In the cost-effectiveness-acceptability curve analysis, a 90% probability of cost-effectiveness was reached at a willingness-to-pay(WTP) of ₹ 71,630 well below one time GDP threshold of WTP used. CONCLUSION Clinical efficacy and the cost-effectiveness of the warfarin pharmacogenetic test suggest its routine use as a point of care investigation for patient care in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Anand
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Naveen C Hegde
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Pulkit Chhabra
- Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Jai Purohit
- Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Rupesh Kumar
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Ankur Gupta
- Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Deepesh P Lad
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
| | - Ritin Mohindra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Saurabh Mehrotra
- Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Rajesh Vijayvergiya
- Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Basant Kumar
- Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Vishal Sharma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Pankaj Malhotra
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Jasmina Ahluwalia
- Department of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Reena Das
- Department of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Amol N Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India.
| | - Nusrat Shafiq
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Samir Malhotra
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
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Murray C, Kumar R, Pearson I. Thrombolytic therapy in ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Ir Med J 2024; 117:929. [PMID: 38526317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
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Halder V, Ghosh S, Thingnam SKS, Singh H, Mishra AK, Mahajan S, Kumar R, Aggarwal P, Dutta ARS, Mishra A. Early and mid-term outcomes of double-chambered right ventricle repair: An 8-year experience. Cardiol Young 2024; 34:268-271. [PMID: 37318004 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951123001531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Double-chambered right ventricle is a rare and progressive condition that is characterised by obstruction of the right ventricular tract. Double-chambered right ventricle is usually associated with ventricular septal defect. Early surgical intervention is recommended in patients with these defects. Based on this background, the present study aimed to review early and midterm outcomes of primary repair after double-chambered right ventricle. METHODS Between January 2014 and June 2021, 64 patients with a mean age of 13.42 ± 12.31 years underwent surgical repair for double-chambered right ventricle. The clinical outcomes of these patients were reviewed and assessed retrospectively. RESULTS An associated ventricular septal defect was present in all the recruited patients; 48 (75%) patients of sub-arterial type, 15 (23.4%) of perimembranous, and 1 (1.6%) patient of muscular type. The patients were followed up for a mean period of 46.73 ± 27.37 months. During their follow-up, a significant decrease in the mean pressure gradient from 62.33 ± 5.52 mmHg preoperatively to 15.73 ± 2.94 mmHg postoperatively was observed (p < 0.001). Notably, there were no hospital deaths. CONCLUSIONS The development of double-chambered right ventricle in association with ventricular septal defect results in an increased pressure gradient within the right ventricle. The defect needs correction in a timely manner. In our experience, the surgical correction of double-chambered right ventricle is safe and shows excellent early and mid-term results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Amit Mishra
- Department of CTVS, UNMICRC, Ahmedabad, India
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Santoki N, Negi S, Kumari S, Bhatia A, Kumar R. Congenital Absence of Sternum: A Surgical Technique for Successful Outcome. Cureus 2024; 16:e54488. [PMID: 38516421 PMCID: PMC10954437 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Congenital absence of sternum is a rare malformation of the anterior chest wall that needs surgical correction to avoid life-threatening complications as a consequence of such defect. It results from either partial or complete failure of fusion of mesenchymal strip during in utero organogenesis. The absence of sternum entails the risk of trauma to the mediastinal structures and other life-threatening complications. This defect is evaluated by a thorough clinical examination and computed tomography imaging of the thoracic cage to plan the surgical procedure. Early repair of the defect when the thoracic cage is still compliant yields the best result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishit Santoki
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, IND
| | - Sunder Negi
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, IND
| | - Snigdha Kumari
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, IND
| | - Anmol Bhatia
- Radiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, IND
| | - Rupesh Kumar
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, IND
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Massa A, Isasi-Fuster A, Requena C, Manrique-Silva E, Kumar R, Nagore E. Nodular type but not vitamin D levels increases the risk of second primary cancers in melanoma patients: An observational study of 663 patients. Actas Dermosifiliogr 2024; 115:143-149. [PMID: 37832865 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency associates with the risk of developing many diseases, including cancer. At the molecular level, vitamin D appears to have an antineoplastic effect. However, the role of vitamin D deficiency in cancer pathogenesis remains unelucidated and numerous studies have resulted in discordant results. This study aimed to determine whether vitamin D deficiency during melanoma diagnosis increases the risk of developing non-cutaneous second primary cancers (SPC). MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study on 663 patients diagnosed with melanoma between 1 January 2011 and 31 October 2022. The effect of each variable on the development of a subsequent non-cutaneous cancer was performed using Kaplan-Meier curves and differences were assessed by log-rank tests. Cox proportional hazard univariate and multivariate models were used to quantify the effect of each variable in the time to develop a non-cutaneous neoplasia. RESULTS Out of 663 patients, 34 developed a non-cutaneous SPC. There was no statistically significant association between vitamin D levels and non-cutaneous SPC development (log-rank, p=0.761). Age>60 years, stage III/IV, and nodular melanoma subtype were significantly associated with the development of a SPC. After multivariate analysis, only age>60 years (HR 3.4; HR CI 95%: 1.5-7.6) and nodular melanoma subtype (HR 2.2; HR CI 95%: 1.0-4.8) were included in the final model. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that vitamin D deficiency is not associated with an increased risk of developing non-cutaneous SPC in melanoma patients. However, age over 60 years and nodular melanoma subtype increase the risk for non-cutaneous SPC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Massa
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - A Isasi-Fuster
- School of Medicine, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, València, Spain
| | - C Requena
- Department of Dermatology, Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, València, Spain
| | - E Manrique-Silva
- Department of Dermatology, Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, València, Spain
| | - R Kumar
- Institute of Medical Biometry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - E Nagore
- School of Medicine, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, València, Spain; Department of Dermatology, Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, València, Spain.
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Thakur TK, Swamy SL, Thakur A, Mishra A, Bakshi S, Kumar A, Altaf MM, Kumar R. Land cover changes and carbon dynamics in Central India's dry tropical forests: A 25-year assessment and nature-based eco-restoration approaches. J Environ Manage 2024; 351:119809. [PMID: 38113791 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic land use and land cover changes are major drivers of environmental degradation and declining soil health across heterogeneous landscapes in Central India. To examines the land cover changes and spatio-temporal variations in forest carbon stock and soil organic carbon (SOC) over the past 25 years in central India. Geospatial techniques, coupled with ground measurements were employed to detect changes in land cover, carbon stocks in vegetation, and soil carbon in various vegetation types. The results indicate that forested areas have decreased, while agriculture and habitation have expanded between 1997 and 2022. Vegetation C stocks varied significantly (P < 0.05) from 39.42 to 139.95 Mg ha-1 and the SOC varied from 7.02 to 17.98 Mg ha-1 under different soil profiles across vegetation types, which decreased with soil depth, while the pH and bulk density increased. The maximum bulk density in the soil was found at a depth of 40-60 cm (lower profile) in Bamboo Brake, while the minimum was observed under Dense Mixed Forest at a depth of 0-20 cm (top profile). The topsoil profile contributed 33.6%-39%, the middle profile (20-40 cm) was 33.6%-34.4%, and the lower profile was 26.5%-30.8% of soil organic carbon. The study site has experienced rapid carbon losses due to changes in land cover, such as illegal expansion of agriculture, encroachments into forest fringes, and activities like selective logging and overgrazing, which have degraded dense forests. The ecological engineering of degraded ecosystems poses a great challenge and application of complex biological, mechanical and engineering measures is highly cumbersome, expensive, uneconomical and practically not feasible for upscaling. Nevertheless, proposed nature-based solutions mimic natural reparation and processes provide sustainable interventions for the reclamation of ruined landscapes besides improving ecological integrity and rendering many co-benefits to ecosystems and human societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Kumar Thakur
- Department of Environmental Science, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University (IGNTU), Amarkantak, MP, 484887, India.
| | - S L Swamy
- Indira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipur, CG, 492012, India.
| | - Anita Thakur
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University (IGNTU), Amarkantak, MP, 484887, India.
| | - Alka Mishra
- Guru Ghasidas University, Bilaspur, CG, 495001, India.
| | - Sanjeev Bakshi
- Department of Statistics, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University (IGNTU), Amarkantak, MP, 484887, India.
| | - Amit Kumar
- Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, School of Hydrology and Water Resources, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Muhammad Mohsin Altaf
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Rupesh Kumar
- Jindal Global Business School (JGBS), O.P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, 131001, Haryana, India.
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Massa A, Isasi-Fuster A, Requena C, Manrique-Silva E, Kumar R, Nagore E. Nodular Type but Not Vitamin D Levels Increases the Risk of Second Primary Cancers in Melanoma Patients: An Observational Study of 663 Patients. Actas Dermosifiliogr 2024; 115:T143-T149. [PMID: 38048949 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2023.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency associates with the risk of developing many diseases, including cancer. At the molecular level, vitamin D appears to have an antineoplastic effect. However, the role of vitamin D deficiency in cancer pathogenesis remains unelucidated and numerous studies have resulted in discordant results. This study aimed to determine whether vitamin D deficiency during melanoma diagnosis increases the risk of developing non-cutaneous second primary cancers (SPC). MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study on 663 patients diagnosed with melanoma between 1 January 2011 and 31 October 2022. The effect of each variable on the development of a subsequent non-cutaneous cancer was performed using Kaplan-Meier curves and differences were assessed by log-rank tests. Cox proportional hazard univariate and multivariate models were used to quantify the effect of each variable in the time to develop a non-cutaneous neoplasia. RESULTS Out of 663 patients, 34 developed a non-cutaneous SPC. There was no statistically significant association between vitamin D levels and non-cutaneous SPC development (log-rank, p=0.761). Age>60 years, stage III/IV, and nodular melanoma subtype were significantly associated with the development of a SPC. After multivariate analysis, only age>60 years (HR 3.4; HR CI 95%: 1.5-7.6) and nodular melanoma subtype (HR 2.2; HR CI 95%: 1.0-4.8) were included in the final model. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that vitamin D deficiency is not associated with an increased risk of developing non-cutaneous SPC in melanoma patients. However, age over 60 years and nodular melanoma subtype increase the risk for non-cutaneous SPC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Massa
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - A Isasi-Fuster
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, València, Spain
| | - C Requena
- Servicio de Dermatología, Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, València, Spain
| | - E Manrique-Silva
- Servicio de Dermatología, Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, València, Spain
| | - R Kumar
- Institute of Medical Biometry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - E Nagore
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, València, Spain; Servicio de Dermatología, Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, València, Spain.
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Kumari S, Mishra RK, Parveen S, Avinashi SK, Hussain A, Kumar S, Banerjee M, Rao J, Kumar R, Gautam RK, Gautam C. Fabrication, structural, and enhanced mechanical behavior of MgO substituted PMMA composites for dental applications. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2128. [PMID: 38267527 PMCID: PMC10808548 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52202-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The most common denture material used for dentistry is poly-methyl-methacrylate (PMMA). Usually, the polymeric PMMA material has numerous biological, mechanical and cost-effective shortcomings. Hence, to resolve such types of drawbacks, attempts have been made to investigate fillers of the PMMA like alumina (Al2O3), silica (SiO2), zirconia (ZrO2) etc. For the enhancement of the PMMA properties a suitable additive is required for its orthopedic applications. Herein, the main motive of this study was to synthesize a magnesium oxide (MgO) reinforced polymer-based hybrid nano-composites by using heat cure method with superior optical, biological and mechanical characteristics. For the structural and vibrational studies of the composites, XRD and FT-IR were carried out. Herein, the percentage of crystallinity for all the fabricated composites were also calculated and found to be 14.79-30.31. Various physical and optical parameters such as density, band gap, Urbach energy, cutoff energy, cutoff wavelength, steepness parameter, electron-phonon interaction, refractive index, and optical dielectric constant were also studied and their values are found to be in the range of 1.21-1.394 g/cm3, 5.44-5.48 eV, 0.167-0.027 eV, 5.68 eV, 218 nm, 0.156-0.962, 4.273-0.693, 1.937-1.932, and 3.752-3.731 respectively. To evaluate the mechanical properties like compressive strength, flexural strength, and fracture toughness of the composites a Universal Testing Machine (UTM) was used and their values were 60.3 and 101 MPa, 78 and 40.3 MPa, 5.85 and 9.8 MPa-m1/2 respectively. Tribological tests of the composites were also carried out. In order to check the toxicity, MTT assay was also carried out for the PM0 and PM15 [(x)MgO + (100 - x) (C5O2H8)n] (x = 0 and 15) composites. This study provides a comprehensive insight into the structural, physical, optical, and biological features of the fabricated PMMA-MgO composites, highlighting the potential of the PM15 composite with its enhanced density, mechanical strength, and excellent biocompatibility for denture applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savita Kumari
- Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226007, India
| | - Rajat Kumar Mishra
- Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226007, India
| | - Shama Parveen
- Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226007, India
| | | | - Ajaz Hussain
- Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226007, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar
- Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226007, India
| | - Monisha Banerjee
- Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226007, India
| | - Jitendra Rao
- Department of Prosthodontics, King George Medical University, Shah Mina Road, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India
| | - Rupesh Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Gautam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Chandkiram Gautam
- Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226007, India.
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Mandl A, Jasmine S, Krueger T, Kumar R, Coleman IM, Dalrymple SL, Antony L, Rosen DM, Jing Y, Hanratty B, Patel RA, Jin-Yih L, Dias J, Celatka CA, Tapper AE, Kleppe M, Kanayama M, Speranzini V, Wang YZ, Luo J, Corey E, Sena LA, Casero RA, Lotan T, Trock BJ, Kachhap SK, Denmeade SR, Carducci MA, Mattevi A, Haffner MC, Nelson PS, Rienhoff HY, Isaacs JT, Brennen WN. LSD1 inhibition suppresses ASCL1 and de-represses YAP1 to drive potent activity against neuroendocrine prostate cancer. bioRxiv 2024:2024.01.17.576106. [PMID: 38328141 PMCID: PMC10849473 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.17.576106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1 or KDM1A ) has emerged as a critical mediator of tumor progression in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Among mCRPC subtypes, neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is an exceptionally aggressive variant driven by lineage plasticity, an adaptive resistance mechanism to androgen receptor axis-targeted therapies. Our study shows that LSD1 expression is elevated in NEPC and associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes. Using genetic approaches, we validated the on-target effects of LSD1 inhibition across various models. We investigated the therapeutic potential of bomedemstat, an orally bioavailable, irreversible LSD1 inhibitor with low nanomolar potency. Our findings demonstrate potent antitumor activity against CRPC models, including tumor regressions in NEPC patient-derived xenografts. Mechanistically, our study uncovers that LSD1 inhibition suppresses the neuronal transcriptional program by downregulating ASCL1 through disrupting LSD1:INSM1 interactions and de-repressing YAP1 silencing. Our data support the clinical development of LSD1 inhibitors for treating CRPC - especially the aggressive NE phenotype. Statement of Significance Neuroendocrine prostate cancer presents a clinical challenge due to the lack of effective treatments. Our research demonstrates that bomedemstat, a potent and selective LSD1 inhibitor, effectively combats neuroendocrine prostate cancer by downregulating the ASCL1- dependent NE transcriptional program and re-expressing YAP1.
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Srivastava P, Naja M, Bhardwaj P, Kumar R, Rajwar MC, Seshadri TR. Utilising BC observations to estimate CO contributions from fossil fuel and biomass burning in the Central Himalayan region. Environ Pollut 2024; 341:122975. [PMID: 37992951 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
The Himalayan region is adversely affected by the increasing anthropogenic emissions from the adjacent Indo-Gangetic plain. However, source apportionment studies for the Himalayan region that are crucial for estimating CO concentration, are grossly insufficient, to say the least. It is in this context that our study reported here assumes significance. This study utilizes five years (2014-2018) of ground-based observations of eBC and multiple linear regression framework (MLR) to estimate CO and segregate its fossil fuel and biomass emission fractions at a high-altitude (1958 m) site in the Central Himalayas. The results show that MERRA2 always underestimates the observed CO; MOPITT has a high monthly difference ranging from -32% to +57% while WRF-Chem simulations underestimate CO from February to June and overestimate in other months. In contrast, CO estimated from MLR replicates diurnal and monthly variations and estimates CO with an r2 > 0.8 for 2014-2017. The CO predicted during 2018 closely follows the observed variations, and its mixing ratios lie within ±17% of the observed CO. The results reveal a unimodal diurnal variation of CO, COff (ff: fossil fuel) and CObb (bb: biomass burning) governed by the boundary layer evolution and upslope winds. COff has a higher diurnal amplitude (39.1-67.8 ppb) than CObb (5.7-33.5 ppb). Overall, COff is the major contributor (27%) in CO after its background fraction (58%). CObb fraction reaches a maximum (28%) during spring, a period of increased agricultural and forest fires in Northern India. In comparison, WRF-Chem tracer runs underestimate CObb (-38% to -98%) while they overestimate the anthropogenic CO during monsoon. This study thus attempts to address the lack of continuous CO monitoring and the need to segregate its fossil fuel and biomass sources, specifically over the Central Himalayas, by employing a methodology that utilizes the existing network of eBC observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Srivastava
- National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba, 305-8506, Japan
| | - M Naja
- Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences, Manora Peak, Nainital, 263001, India.
| | - P Bhardwaj
- Center for Study of Science, Technology and Policy (CSTEP), Bengaluru, 560094, India
| | - R Kumar
- National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), Boulder, CO, 80307-3000, USA
| | - M C Rajwar
- Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences, Manora Peak, Nainital, 263001, India
| | - T R Seshadri
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
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Chaudhary V, Chaturvedi S, Wadhwa A, Chaudhary R, Gautam D, Sharma D, Kumar R, Mishra AK. Design, development and bio-evaluation of a novel radio-ligand 99mTc-THQ-DTPA as a sigma 2 receptor specific breast tumor imaging agent. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 97:117515. [PMID: 38043245 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Over-expression of sigma-2 receptor in cancer cells provides an opportunity to develop molecular probes for diagnosis, even for non-receptor specific malignancies like triple negative breast cancers. In this work, a novel sigma-2 receptor ligand [THQ-DTPA] has been synthesized and characterized using 6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (THQ) and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA). The ligand is further chelated with 99mTc for application as metal based radiotracer [99mTc-THQ-DTPA]. Radiolabelling with 99mTc was achieved in an excellent yield of 98.0 ± 0.5% using stannous chloride as a reducing agent. The radioligand was found to be stable in human serum up-to 24 h, bio-compatible with less than 4% hemolysis, and exhibited high binding with sigma receptors isolated from rat liver membrane (Kd of 16.32 ± 4.93 nM and Bmax of 0.5232 ± 0.06 pmol/mg). Bio-distribution studies in triple-negative breast tumor bearing nude mice showed high tumor uptake after 30 min of injection with tumor/muscle (T/M) ratio of 3.58 ± 0.09. At 240 min, the T/M ratio (2.84 ± 0.20) decreased by 35% when administered in sigma blocked tumor bearing mice (1.81 ± 0.16) suggesting the selectivity of the ligand. Tumor imaging in gamma camera indicated a contrast of 3.56 at 30 min p.i. The above findings indicate that the ligand 99mTc-THQ-DTPA binds to sigma-2 receptors with high affinity and has potential for triple-negative breast tumor imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishakha Chaudhary
- Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, North Campus, University Enclave, Delhi 110007, India; Department of Radiological Nuclear and Imaging Science, INMAS, DRDO, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Shubhra Chaturvedi
- Department of Radiological Nuclear and Imaging Science, INMAS, DRDO, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India.
| | - Anju Wadhwa
- University of California, San Francisco 94107, United States
| | - Ritika Chaudhary
- Department of Radiological Nuclear and Imaging Science, INMAS, DRDO, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India; Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University Enclave, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Divya Gautam
- Department of Radiological Nuclear and Imaging Science, INMAS, DRDO, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India; Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Deepika Sharma
- Department of Radiological Nuclear and Imaging Science, INMAS, DRDO, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India; Department of Chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Rupesh Kumar
- Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, North Campus, University Enclave, Delhi 110007, India
| | - A K Mishra
- Department of Radiological Nuclear and Imaging Science, INMAS, DRDO, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India.
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Kumar R, Gautam RK. Development of Ti-10Nb alloy by powder metallurgy processing route for dental application. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2024; 112:e35338. [PMID: 37846459 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Titanium and its alloys are used to make dental implants because of its low density, high strength, and corrosion resistance. This paper describes the development of a potential biomaterial Ti-10Nb by powder metallurgy utilizing four different compaction pressures and analyses its microstructural, physical, mechanical, electrochemical, biological, and tribological behavior under various situations. The alloys were fabricated using four different compaction pressures, that is, 600, 650, 700, and 750 MPa, and sintered in a vacuum atmosphere at 1000°C for 1.5 h. The density of the samples was measured using Archimedes principle. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy were used to investigate the phase composition and microstructure, and a profilometer was used to examine the surface roughness of various samples. Vickers hardness tester was used to evaluate hardness, and a universal testing machine was used for compression testing. Corrosion and wear behavior were examined using a potentiostat and a Bio-Tribometer, respectively. This Ti-10Nb alloys consist of α + β phase, and have 16% highest porosity in sample compacted at 600 MPa. The samples compacted at 750 MPa achieved highest hardness, yield strength, compressive strength, and elastic modulus of 450 ± 29.72 HV, 718.22 ± 16.37 MPa, 1543.59 ± 24.37 MPa, and 41.27 ± 3.29 GPa, respectively. In addition, it also possesses highest corrosion and wear resistance with lowest icorr of 0.3954 ± 0.008 μA/cm2 and wear volume of (31.25 ± 0.206) × 10-3 mm3 . These results indicate that the developed alloys have a variety of desirable properties, including high hardness, adequate compressive strength, good corrosion and wear resistance, apatite-forming capability, and a low elastic modulus, which is advantageous for avoiding stress shielding. Therefore, it may be recommended to use it as a dental implant material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupesh Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - R K Gautam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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15
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Akella PL, Kumar R. An advanced deep learning method to detect and classify diabetic retinopathy based on color fundus images. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2024; 262:231-247. [PMID: 37548671 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-023-06181-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this article, we present a computerized system for the analysis and assessment of diabetic retinopathy (DR) based on retinal fundus photographs. DR is a chronic ophthalmic disease and a major reason for blindness in people with diabetes. Consistent examination and prompt diagnosis are the vital approaches to control DR. METHODS With the aim of enhancing the reliability of DR diagnosis, we utilized the deep learning model called You Only Look Once V3 (YOLO V3) to recognize and classify DR from retinal images. The DR was classified into five major stages: normal, mild, moderate, severe, and proliferative. We evaluated the performance of the YOLO V3 algorithm based on color fundus images. RESULTS We have achieved high precision and sensitivity on the train and test data for the DR classification and mean average precision (mAP) is calculated on DR lesion detection. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that the suggested model distinguishes all phases of DR and performs better than existing models in terms of accuracy and implementation time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna Lakshmi Akella
- Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Dimapur, Nagaland, India.
| | - R Kumar
- Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Dimapur, Nagaland, India
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Kumar R, Malik MZ, Thanaraj TA, Bagabir SA, Haque S, Tambuwala M, Haider S. A computational biology approach to identify potential protein biomarkers and drug targets for sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Cell Signal 2023; 112:110915. [PMID: 37838312 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by the loss of upper and lower motor neurons. The sporadic ALS (sALS) is a multigenic disorder and the complex mechanisms underlying its onset are still not fully delineated. Despite the recent scientific advancements, certain aspects of ALS pathogenic targets need to be yet clarified. The aim of the presented study is to identify potential genetic biomarkers and drug targets for sALS, by analysing gene expression profiles, presented in the publicly available GSE68605 dataset, of motor neurons cells obtained from sALS patients. We used different computational approaches including differential expression analysis, protein network mapping, candidate protein biomarker (CPB) identification, elucidation of the role of functional modules, and molecular docking analysis. The resultant top ten up- and downregulated genes were further used to construct protein-protein interaction network (PPIN). The PPIN analysis resulted in identifying four CPBs (namely RIOK2, AKT1, CTNNB1, and TNF) that commonly overlapped with one another in network parameters (degree, bottleneck and maximum neighbourhood component). The RIOK2 protein emerged as a potential mediator of top five functional modules that are associated with RNA binding, lipoprotein particle receptor binding in pre-ribosome, and interferon, cytokine-mediated signaling pathway. Furthermore, molecular docking analysis revealed that cyclosporine exhibited the highest binding affinity (-8.6 kJ/mol) with RIOK2, and surpassed the FDA-approved ALS drugs, such as riluzole and edaravone. This suggested that cyclosporine may serve as a promising candidate for targeting RIOK2 downregulation observed in sALS patients. In order to validate our computational results, it is suggested that in vitro and in vivo studies may be conducted in future to provide a more detailed understanding of ALS diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupesh Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, Sec-62, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Md Zubbair Malik
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, P.O. Box 1180, Kuwait city 15462, Kuwait.
| | - Thangavel Alphonse Thanaraj
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, P.O. Box 1180, Kuwait city 15462, Kuwait.
| | - Sali Abubaker Bagabir
- Genetics Unit, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon; Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Murtaza Tambuwala
- Lincoln Medical School, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool Campus, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK.
| | - Shazia Haider
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia University, New Delhi 110025, India.
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Amies-King B, Schatz KP, Duan H, Biswas A, Bailey J, Felvinti A, Winward J, Dixon M, Minder M, Kumar R, Albosh S, Lucamarini M. Quantum Communications Feasibility Tests over a UK-Ireland 224 km Undersea Link. Entropy (Basel) 2023; 25:1572. [PMID: 38136452 PMCID: PMC10743312 DOI: 10.3390/e25121572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The future quantum internet will leverage existing communication infrastructures, including deployed optical fibre networks, to enable novel applications that outperform current information technology. In this scenario, we perform a feasibility study of quantum communications over an industrial 224 km submarine optical fibre link deployed between Southport in the United Kingdom (UK) and Portrane in the Republic of Ireland (IE). With a characterisation of phase drift, polarisation stability and the arrival time of entangled photons, we demonstrate the suitability of the link to enable international UK-IE quantum communications for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Amies-King
- School of Physics, Engineering & Technology and York Centre for Quantum Technologies, Institute for Safe Autonomy, University of York, York YO10 5FT, UK
| | - Karolina P. Schatz
- School of Physics, Engineering & Technology and York Centre for Quantum Technologies, Institute for Safe Autonomy, University of York, York YO10 5FT, UK
| | - Haofan Duan
- School of Physics, Engineering & Technology and York Centre for Quantum Technologies, Institute for Safe Autonomy, University of York, York YO10 5FT, UK
| | - Ayan Biswas
- School of Physics, Engineering & Technology and York Centre for Quantum Technologies, Institute for Safe Autonomy, University of York, York YO10 5FT, UK
| | - Jack Bailey
- euNetworks Fiber UK Limited, 5 Churchill Place, London E14 5HU, UK
| | - Adrian Felvinti
- euNetworks Fiber UK Limited, 5 Churchill Place, London E14 5HU, UK
| | - Jaimes Winward
- euNetworks Fiber UK Limited, 5 Churchill Place, London E14 5HU, UK
| | - Mike Dixon
- euNetworks Fiber UK Limited, 5 Churchill Place, London E14 5HU, UK
| | - Mariella Minder
- School of Physics, Engineering & Technology and York Centre for Quantum Technologies, Institute for Safe Autonomy, University of York, York YO10 5FT, UK
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering and Informatics, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol 3036, Cyprus
| | - Rupesh Kumar
- School of Physics, Engineering & Technology and York Centre for Quantum Technologies, Institute for Safe Autonomy, University of York, York YO10 5FT, UK
| | - Sophie Albosh
- School of Physics, Engineering & Technology and York Centre for Quantum Technologies, Institute for Safe Autonomy, University of York, York YO10 5FT, UK
| | - Marco Lucamarini
- School of Physics, Engineering & Technology and York Centre for Quantum Technologies, Institute for Safe Autonomy, University of York, York YO10 5FT, UK
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Shah K, Ghosh J, Patel S, Chowdhuri MB, Jadeja KA, Shukla G, Macwan T, Kumar A, Dolui S, Singh K, Tanna RL, Patel KM, Dey R, Manchanda R, Ramaiya N, Kumar R, Aich S, Yadava N, Purohit S, Gupta MK, Nagora UC, Pathak SK, Atrey PK, Mayya KBK. Author Correction: Role of pinch in Argon impurity transport in ohmic discharges of Aditya-U Tokamak. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19969. [PMID: 37968383 PMCID: PMC10651834 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47362-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K Shah
- Department of Physics, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raisan, Gandhinagar, 382 007, India.
| | - J Ghosh
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
| | - S Patel
- Department of Physics, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raisan, Gandhinagar, 382 007, India
| | - M B Chowdhuri
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - K A Jadeja
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Department of Nano Science and Advanced Materials, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, 360 005, India
| | - G Shukla
- ITER-India, Institute for Plasma Research, Koteshwar, Ahmedabad, 380 005, India
| | - T Macwan
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - A Kumar
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - S Dolui
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - K Singh
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - R L Tanna
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, 382 481, India
| | - K M Patel
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - R Dey
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - R Manchanda
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - N Ramaiya
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - R Kumar
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - S Aich
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - N Yadava
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, 382 481, India
| | - S Purohit
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - M K Gupta
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - U C Nagora
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - S K Pathak
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - P K Atrey
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - K B K Mayya
- Department of Physics, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raisan, Gandhinagar, 382 007, India
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Kumar R, Madhavan T, Ponnusamy K, Sohn H, Haider S. Computational study of the motor neuron protein KIF5A to identify nsSNPs, bioactive compounds, and its key regulators. Front Genet 2023; 14:1282234. [PMID: 38028604 PMCID: PMC10667939 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1282234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Kinesin family member 5A (KIF5A) is a motor neuron protein expressed in neurons and involved in anterograde transportation of organelles, proteins, and RNA. Variations in the KIF5A gene that interfere with axonal transport have emerged as a distinguishing feature in several neurodegenerative disorders, including hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP10), Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 (CMT2), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Methods: In this study, we implemented a computational structural and systems biology approach to uncover the role of KIF5A in ALS. Using the computational structural biology method, we explored the role of non-synonymous Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (nsSNPs) in KIF5A. Further, to identify the potential inhibitory molecule against the highly destabilizing structure variant, we docked 24 plant-derived phytochemicals involved in ALS. Results: We found KIF5AS291F variant showed the most structure destabilizing behavior and the phytocompound "epigallocatechin gallate" showed the highest binding affinity (-9.0 Kcal/mol) as compared to wild KIF5A (-8.4 Kcal/mol). Further, with the systems biology approach, we constructed the KIF5A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network to identify the associated Kinesin Families (KIFs) proteins, modules, and their function. We also constructed a transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory network of KIF5A. With the network topological parameters of PPIN (Degree, Bottleneck, Closeness, and MNC) using CytoHubba and computational knock-out experiment using Network Analyzer, we found KIF1A, 5B, and 5C were the significant proteins. The functional modules were highly enriched with microtubule motor activity, chemical synaptic transmission in neurons, GTP binding, and GABA receptor activity. In regulatory network analysis, we found KIF5A post-transcriptionally down-regulated by miR-107 which is further transcriptionally up-regulated by four TFs (HIF1A, PPARA, SREBF1, and TP53) and down-regulated by three TFs (ZEB1, ZEB2, and LIN28A). Discussion: We concluded our study by finding a crucial variant of KIF5A and its potential therapeutic target (epigallocatechin gallate) and KIF5A associated significant genes with important regulators which could decrypt the novel therapeutics in ALS and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupesh Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Thirumurthy Madhavan
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Computational Biology Lab, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | | | - Honglae Sohn
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Carbon Materials, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Shazia Haider
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia University, New Delhi, India
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Singh B, Mishra S, Kumar R, Patel J D, Malathi H, Kumar B. IMPLICATION OF THREAT FACTORS AND PREEXISTING DISORDERS IN DIFFERENT ISCHEMIC STROKE SUBGROUPS IN ELDERLY PEOPLE: A SYSTEMATIC STUDY. Georgian Med News 2023:43-46. [PMID: 38236097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a major health issue, especially for the older population and it may have severe effects. Stroke diagnosis and treatment have advanced over the last 20 years, which has resulted in considerable reductions in death, long-term impairment, and the need for institutional care. Younger age groups have seen the majority of trials for acute, interventional, and preventive therapy. The purpose of this research was to identify distinct subgroups of older people who had suffered an ischemic stroke and examine the role that risk factors and previous illnesses played in their development. Ischemic stroke risk factors varied by age, gender and exhibited their own unique features. Smoking, cholesterol, and psychological/emotional stress were shown to have the greatest prevalence (p<0.06) among stroke patients aged 45-60. Smoking is associated with a significant (p<0.07) decline in health in elderly people. Our results imply that there are significant patterns of risk factors and preexisting illnesses among the various subgroups of older people who have had an ischemic stroke. Atherosclerotic (large-artery) and cardio embolic (small-artery) ischemic strokes were shown to be the most prevalent among the elderly. Strong associations were found between these subtypes and other risk factors, including higher cholesterol, diabetes, high blood pressure, and atrial fibrillation. This research emphasizes the need for individualized preventative methods and therapeutic therapy, as well as the need to recognize the variability of ischemic stroke in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Singh
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
| | - S Mishra
- 2Department of General Medicine, TMMC&RC, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R Kumar
- 3Department of Pharmacy, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - D Patel J
- 4Department of Pharmacology, Parul University, PO Limda, Tal. Waghodia, District Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - H Malathi
- 5Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Karnataka, India
| | - B Kumar
- 6School of Pharmacy & Research, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
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Panda S, Nath A, Thakar A, Kumar R, Seenu V, Sikka K, Singh CA, Kumar R. In-vivo lymphoscintigraphy of sinonasal tumors identifies retropharyngeal node and level I as predominant sentinel nodes. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 2023; 42:374-379. [PMID: 37399973 DOI: 10.1016/j.remnie.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate by in- vivo lymphoscintigraphy and SPECT-CT imaging, the lymphatic drainage patterns of para-nasal sinus(PNS) tumors. To confirm or refute the belief of the retropharyngeal lymph node (RPLN) being the significant draining lymph node for such tumors. METHODS Prospective cohort study conducted on previously untreated PNS tumors with no clinico-radiological evidence of lymph node metastasis. Lymphoscintigraphy undertaken by nasal endoscopic assisted peritumoral injection of 99mTc Sulfur colloid. Injections were classified as anterior or posterior as per a vertical line along the maxillary sinus ostium. RESULTS 17 patients were included. Lymphoscintigraphy successfully identified 17 sentinel nodes in 15 patients and was unsuccessful (lymphoscintigraphy failure) in 2 patients. Predominant sites of sentinel lymphatic drainage were noted to be the RPLN (n = 8; 47%), and Level I (n = 7; 42%). Occasional drainage was identified at the peri-parotid node(n = 1) and at Level II (n = 1). Contralateral drainage was noted in 2 patients (level I-1 and RPLN-1). Anterior injections drained predominantly to Level I (6/8) and RPLN (2/8), while posterior injections drained predominantly to the RPLN ( 6/7). The relative risk of RPLN being identified as the sentinel node was significantly higher for posteriorly placed injections than for anteriorly placed injections (RR- 3.43; 95% CI-1.0-11.8, p = 0.05). CONCLUSION The RPLN is noted as a frequent draining node for sino-nasal tumours and merits routine attention in all sino-nasal tumors. The radio-colloid SPECT-CT technique described here offers an excellent in-vivo technique to further explore and validate the lymphatic drainage pathways of these tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Panda
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head, Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A Nath
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun, India
| | - A Thakar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - R Kumar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - V Seenu
- Department of Surgical Discipline, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - K Sikka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - C A Singh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R Kumar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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22
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Sharma A, Kumar R, Borthakur D. Clinical Relevance of Sternal Foramina: A Morphometric Study. Clin Ter 2023; 174:503-508. [PMID: 38048113 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2023.5017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Objectives The present study aimed at determining the incidence of sternal foramina in adult dry bones of North Indian descent. We also aimed to determine the number, precise location of the sternal foramina with a standard reference point which might have considerable importance with regard to procedures involving sternal puncture. Methods This cross sectional descriptive study was conducted on 72 dry adult human sternums. Various measurements in relation to the sternal foramina were taken with a non-stretchable measuring tape and digital vernier calliper and expressed as: [A]-total sternal length, [B]-distance between the jugular notches to the foramen, [C]-distance between the angle of Louis to the foramen and [D]-distance of the foramen from the mid sternal plane. Statistical analysis was performed with Microsoft Excel version 2019. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results We found 6.94% (5 out of 72 sternums) incidence of sternal foramina which corroborates well with the existing literature. Mean sternal length was 127.7 ± 09 mm. The mean distance of the foramina from suprasternal notch, sternal angle and from the median plane were 118.12 ± 0.3 mm, 116.7 mm and 2.4 mm respectively. Incidence of sternal foramina was almost similar to previously reported studies. Conclusions The precise knowledge about the expected location of sternal foramina is imperative to avoid intra-thoracic visceral injury during commonly performed acupuncture needle insertion and while doing bone marrow aspiration for diagnostic evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sharma
- Department of Anatomy, Nagaland Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (NIMSR), Kohima, India
| | - R Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - D Borthakur
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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23
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Xiong Y, Gu J, Kumar R. Collision in double-image encryption scheme based on spatial encoding and phase-truncation Fourier transforms. Appl Opt 2023; 62:8416-8425. [PMID: 38037947 DOI: 10.1364/ao.501672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the security strength of a double-image cryptosystem using spatial encoding and phase-truncation Fourier transforms (PTFTs) is evaluated. Unlike the conventional PTFT-based cryptosystem, where two random phase masks (RPMs) are used as public keys to provide enough phase constrains in the estimation, in the improved cryptosystem, the RPM generated by a random amplitude mask (RAM) is treated as an unknown parameter. Due to this fixed RAM, the number of constraints in the estimation decreases to achieve high robustness against potential iterative attacks. Moreover, instead of two phase-only masks (POMs), here the two POMs and the RAM are utilized as the private keys in the improved cryptosystem; thus, the key space of the double-image cryptosystem has been enlarged. However, we noticed that the RAM used to encode plaintexts spatially and to generate the phase encryption key is independent of the plaintexts. This could be recovered by a known pair of plaintexts and the ciphertext. Once the information of the RAM is retrieved, the phase key RPM can also be produced making the cryptosystem vulnerable. Based on this finding, new hybrid algorithms, including a known-plaintext attack and a known key attack are proposed to crack the enhanced PTFT-based cryptosystem. The information of the plaintexts can be retrieved from one POM using the proposed algorithms without any knowledge of another POM and the corresponding ciphertext. Numerical simulations have been carried out to validate the information disclosure problem still exists in the double-image cryptosystem based on spatial encoding and PTFTs.
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Adachi I, Aggarwal L, Aihara H, Akopov N, Aloisio A, Anh Ky N, Asner DM, Atmacan H, Aushev T, Aushev V, Aversano M, Babu V, Bae H, Bahinipati S, Bambade P, Banerjee S, Barrett M, Baudot J, Bauer M, Baur A, Beaubien A, Becker J, Behera PK, Bennett JV, Bernlochner FU, Bertacchi V, Bertemes M, Bertholet E, Bessner M, Bettarini S, Bhuyan B, Bianchi F, Bilka T, Biswas D, Bodrov D, Bondar A, Bozek A, Bračko M, Branchini P, Briere RA, Browder TE, Budano A, Bussino S, Campajola M, Cao L, Casarosa G, Cecchi C, Cerasoli J, Chang MC, Chang P, Cheema P, Chekelian V, Cheon BG, Chilikin K, Chirapatpimol K, Cho HE, Cho K, Choi SK, Choudhury S, Cochran J, Corona L, Das S, Dattola F, De La Motte SA, de Marino G, De Nardo G, De Nuccio M, De Pietro G, de Sangro R, Destefanis M, Dey S, Dhamija R, Di Canto A, Di Capua F, Dingfelder J, Doležal Z, Domínguez Jiménez I, Dong TV, Dorigo M, Dort K, Dreyer S, Dubey S, Dujany G, Ecker P, Epifanov D, Feichtinger P, Ferlewicz D, Finck C, Finocchiaro G, Fodor A, Forti F, Frey A, Fulsom BG, Gabrielli A, Ganiev E, Garcia-Hernandez M, Garmash A, Gaudino G, Gaur V, Gaz A, Gellrich A, Ghevondyan G, Ghosh D, Ghumaryan H, Giakoustidis G, Giordano R, Giri A, Glazov A, Gobbo B, Godang R, Gogota O, Goldenzweig P, Gradl W, Graziani E, Greenwald D, Gruberová Z, Gu T, Guan Y, Gudkova K, Han Y, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Hazra S, Hearty C, Heredia de la Cruz I, Hershenhorn A, Higuchi T, Hill EC, Hoek M, Hohmann M, Hsu CL, Humair T, Iijima T, Inami K, Ipsita N, Ishikawa A, Ito S, Itoh R, Iwasaki M, Jackson P, Jacobs WW, Jaffe DE, Jang EJ, Ji QP, Jia S, Jin Y, Junkerkalefeld H, Kaliyar AB, Kandra J, Karyan G, Kawasaki T, Keil F, Ketter C, Kiesling C, Kim CH, Kim DY, Kim KH, Kim YK, Kindo H, Kinoshita K, Kodyš P, Koga T, Kohani S, Kojima K, Korobov A, Korpar S, Kowalewski R, Kraetzschmar TMG, Križan P, Krokovny P, Kuhr T, Kumar J, Kumar M, Kumar R, Kumara K, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lacaprara S, Lai YT, Lam T, Lange JS, Laurenza M, Leboucher R, Le Diberder FR, Leitl P, Levit D, Lewis PM, Li LK, Libby J, Liu QY, Liu ZQ, Liventsev D, Longo S, Lueck T, Lyu C, Ma Y, Maggiora M, Maharana SP, Maiti R, Maity S, Manfredi R, Manoni E, Mantovano M, Marcantonio D, Marcello S, Marinas C, Martellini C, Martini A, Martinov T, Massaccesi L, Masuda M, Matsuda T, Matsuoka K, Matvienko D, Maurya SK, McKenna JA, Mehta R, Meier F, Merola M, Metzner F, Milesi M, Miller C, Mirra M, Miyabayashi K, Mohanty GB, Molina-Gonzalez N, Mondal S, Moneta S, Moser HG, Mrvar M, Mussa R, Nakamura I, Nakazawa Y, Narimani Charan A, Naruki M, Natkaniec Z, Natochii A, Nayak L, Nazaryan G, Nisar NK, Nishida S, Ono H, Otani F, Oxford ER, Pakhlov P, Pakhlova G, Paladino A, Panta A, Paoloni E, Pardi S, Passeri A, Patra S, Paul S, Pedlar TK, Peruzzi I, Peschke R, Pestotnik R, Pham F, Piccolo M, Piilonen LE, Podobnik T, Pokharel S, Praz C, Prell S, Prencipe E, Prim MT, Purwar H, Rados P, Raeuber G, Raiz S, Reif M, Reiter S, Remnev M, Ripp-Baudot I, Rizzo G, Roney JM, Rostomyan A, Rout N, Russo G, Sandilya S, Sangal A, Santelj L, Sato Y, Savinov V, Scavino B, Schmitt C, Schwanda C, Schwartz AJ, Seino Y, Selce A, Senyo K, Serrano J, Sevior ME, Sfienti C, Shan W, Shi XD, Shillington T, Shiu JG, Shtol D, Sibidanov A, Simon F, Sobie RJ, Sobotzik M, Soffer A, Sokolov A, Solovieva E, Spataro S, Spruck B, Starič M, Stavroulakis P, Stottler ZS, Stroili R, Sumihama M, Svidras H, Takahashi M, Takizawa M, Tamponi U, Tanida K, Tenchini F, Tittel O, Tonelli D, Torassa E, Trabelsi K, Tsaklidis I, Unger K, Unno Y, Uno K, Uno S, Urquijo P, Ushiroda Y, Vahsen SE, van Tonder R, Varvell KE, Veronesi M, Vismaya VS, Vitale L, Volpe R, Wach B, Wallner S, Wang E, Wang MZ, Wang XL, Wang Z, Warburton A, Watanabe M, Wessel C, Won E, Xu XP, Yabsley BD, Yamada S, Yan W, Yang SB, Yoshihara K, Yuan CZ, Yusa Y, Zhang Y, Zhilich V, Zhou JS, Zhou QD, Zhukova VI, Žlebčík R. Precise Measurement of the D_{s}^{+} Lifetime at Belle II. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:171803. [PMID: 37955504 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.171803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
We measure the lifetime of the D_{s}^{+} meson using a data sample of 207 fb^{-1} collected by the Belle II experiment running at the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy e^{+}e^{-} collider. The lifetime is determined by fitting the decay-time distribution of a sample of 116×10^{3} D_{s}^{+}→ϕπ^{+} decays. Our result is τ_{D_{s}^{+}}=(499.5±1.7±0.9) fs, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. This result is significantly more precise than previous measurements.
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Naikoo RA, Kumar R, Sharma R, Mahajan D, Bhargava G. Highly regioselective 6- exo-dig iodo/bromo cyclizations of functionalized 5-amino propargyl pyrimidinones: an efficient synthesis of functionalized pteridines. RSC Adv 2023; 13:31891-31896. [PMID: 37915442 PMCID: PMC10616752 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05651a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The manuscript describes the highly regioselective 6-exo-dig iodo/bromo cyclization of functionalized N-propagyl-amino-pyrimidinones under ambient conditions. The cyclization afforded functionalized pteridines in excellent yields. The optimized procedures are mild, operationally simple and working successfully with different substrates. The synthesis of functionalized pteridines is of great significance because of their potential pharmacological profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayees Ahmad Naikoo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University Kapurthala Punjab 144603 India
| | - Rupesh Kumar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University Kapurthala Punjab 144603 India
| | - Rashmi Sharma
- Department of Chemical Sciences, I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University Kapurthala Punjab 144603 India
| | - Dinesh Mahajan
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute Faridabad Haryana India
| | - Gaurav Bhargava
- Department of Chemical Sciences, I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University Kapurthala Punjab 144603 India
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Kim J, Kumar R, Hathout L, Jabbour SK, Deek MP. The Landscape of Genetic Alterations Associated with Metachronous Metastasis in Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Its Prognostic Significance. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e240-e241. [PMID: 37784949 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Metachronous metastasis is one of the major pathologic processes which significantly increases the mortality of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) who completed initial curative treatment. Genetic signatures that drive the metachronous mutations are not well investigated. In this study, we aimed to identify the landscape of genetic alterations associated with metachronous metastasis in patients with PDA and its prognostic significance. MATERIALS/METHODS We retrospectively identified patients with histologically confirmed PDA who underwent next-generation sequencing using a panel of 324 pre-specified genes. The landscape of somatic mutations was stratified by metastasis types [no metastasis (nMet) vs. de novo metastasis (dMet) vs. metachronous metastasis (mMet)]. Outcomes of interest included overall survival (OS), local recurrence (LR) following radiotherapy, and association of CA 19-9 level with metastasis types. The OS was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier estimates and log-rank test, and LR was measured using cumulative incidence. A multivariate cox-regression analysis was performed to identify prognostic factors. Pathway analysis of mMet exclusive genes was performed using DAVID (Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery). RESULTS A total of 328 patients with PDA were included. Among them, 56 (17%), 145 (44%), and 127 (39%) patients had nMet, dMet, and mMet, respectively. The median follow up was 21.6 months (range 0.7 -136 months). The median age at the time of diagnosis was 65.5 years (range 26.77 -87.31 years). ANOVA test showed that CA 19-9 level was associated with metastasis types (p = 0.034). The median OS was 48.4 (95% CI 28.3-NA), 27.4 (95% CI 23.3-33.9), and 15 (95% CI 13.9-17.8) months for patients with nMet, mMet, and dMet, respectively (p<0.0001). The multivariate analysis (MVA) revealed that KRAS mutation (HR 2.31; 95% CI 1.37-3.9; p = 0.001), mMet (HR 0.45; 95% CI 0.34-0.61; p<0.0001), nMet (HR 0.27; 95% CI 0.16-0.45; p<0.0001), age (HR 1.01; 95% CI 1-1.02; p = 0.03), and male gender (HR 1.5; 95% CI 1.15-2.01; p = 0.002) were associated with OS. Mutations in other PDA driver genes (TP53, SAMD4, CDKN2A) were not associated with OS (p>0.05). The LR rate at 12 months post-radiotherapy was 28% and 27% for nMet and mMet, respectively (p = 0.5). Heatmap analysis identified 31 genes that were exclusively mutated in patients with mMet. These genes were enriched in pathways of transcription regulation by RNA polymerase II promoter binding, a negative regulator of apoptosis, and telomerase maintenance. CONCLUSION This study identified metachronous metastasis-associated genetic alterations and molecular pathways. Future prospective studies incorporating whole exome sequencing are warranted to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - R Kumar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - L Hathout
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Department of Radiation Oncology, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - S K Jabbour
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - M P Deek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
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Negi SL, Chakorvarthy L, Gowda N, Kumar R. Role of transesophageal echocardiography in early detection of myocardial ischemia before electrocardiography changes post arterial switch operation. Ann Card Anaesth 2023; 26:451-453. [PMID: 37861584 PMCID: PMC10691568 DOI: 10.4103/aca.aca_161_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia after arterial switch operation is most commonly associated with imperfect translocation of coronary arteries to the neoaorta. Early post-operative myocardial ischemia is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients. We present a rare case of intra-operative myocardial ischemia after ASO, detected with transesophageal echocardiography before electrocardiography changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunder L. Negi
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Loganathan Chakorvarthy
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Nischita Gowda
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rupesh Kumar
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Madan R, Kumar N, Singh T, Yadav J, Kumar R, Sachdeva N, Jain R, Goyal S, Khosla D, Jayapalan S, Sahoo S, M K, Tripathi M. Early Bone Mineral Density Changes and Endocrinal Dysfunction in Childhood Brain Tumor Patients: A Prospective Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e134. [PMID: 37784699 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and hormonal dysfunction are considered as a late effect of cranial radiation (RT). Only few studies have reported the occurrence of these problems soon after the diagnosis of brain tumor or RT initiation, emphasizing that these are not necessarily the late effects of RT. Thus, we conducted the study to analyze the incidence of low BMD and hormonal dysfunction prior to or within 6 months of RT (early change) in children with brain tumors. MATERIALS/METHODS The study was conducted as a part of intramural funding program at a tertiary care center in India. Childhood and adolescent brain tumor patients were advised for dual energy X-ray absorptiometry scan (DXA) and hormonal evaluation prior to RT. In some patients, first DXA was done within 6 months of RT due to logistics. To see the effect of radiation, we have planned to repeat hormonal evaluation after 6 and 12 months and DXA after 12 months of RT. RESULTS Twenty-five patients were analyzed. Median age at diagnosis was 11 years with a male to female ratio of 5.2:1. Medulloblastoma was the commonest diagnosis (n = 12), followed by glioma (n = 8), pineal tumors (n = 3) and ependymoma (n = 2). Nineteen and six patients underwent DXA before RT and within 6 months of RT respectively. For BMD assessment, Z score was calculated at hip and lumbar spine. BMD was defined as low (Z score = -1 to-1.99), very low (Z score = -2 to -2.5) and secondary osteoporosis (Z score ≤ -2.5). Median Z score at femur neck and spine was -2 and -1.9 respectively. Overall; 6, 3 and 9 patients had normal, low and very low BMD respectively. Seven patients had secondary osteoporosis (Table 1). Two patients with secondary osteoporosis had low vitamin D levels. None of the patient had compression fracture. On statistical analysis, no correlation was found between BMD changes and age, sex and site of the tumor. Pre RT endocrinal assessment (N = 25) was done by tanner staging and serum hormonal levels (GH, T3/T4/TSH, ACTH, cortisol and prolactin). Gonadal hormonal assessment was done in children with early or delayed puberty. Three patients were found to have endocrinal abnormality before RT (precautious puberty, central hypothyroidism and low sex hormones in 1 patient each). Follow up DXA and hormonal evaluation are awaited to see the effect of RT. CONCLUSION The index study is one of the very few studies evaluating the early changes in BMD and hormonal dysfunction soon after brain tumor diagnosis or within 6 months of RT. We observed that a significant proportion of children had reduced BMD and hormonal dysfunction before RT, highlighting the importance of early assessment and referral to the specialist for better quality of life. Table 1: BMD and endocrinal dysfunction before or within 6 months of RT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - R Jain
- PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - S Goyal
- PGIMER, Chandigarh, India; Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | | | | | | | - K M
- PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - M Tripathi
- Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Kim J, Kumar R, Hathout L, Jabbour SK, Deek MP. Comprehensive Genomic Analysis Stratified by KRAS Status in Patients with Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma and Its Prognostic Significance. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S24. [PMID: 37784458 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) KRAS mutations (MUT) are one of the major drivers in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) with over 90% of patients having alterations. However, the genetic landscape of PDA based on KRAS status is not well studied. The aim of this study is to investigate genomic alterations based on KRAS status and to identify driver mutations in patients with KRAS wild type (WT). MATERIALS/METHODS Next-generation sequencing with 324 pre-specified genes was performed on patients with histologically confirmed PDA. The landscape of somatic mutations was stratified by KRAS status. Outcomes of interest included overall survival (OS), local failure (LF) following radiotherapy, time to metastasis, and CA 19-9 level. All outcomes were stratified by KRAS status. Genetic alterations exclusive to patients with KRAS WT were analyzed. OS was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier estimates and log-rank test, and LF was measured using cumulative incidence. A multivariate cox-regression analysis (MVA) was performed to identify prognostic factors for survival. Gene ontology analysis of KRAS WT exclusive genes was performed via DAVID (Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery). RESULTS A total of 272 patients with metastatic PDA were included. The median age at diagnosis was 65.4 (range, 26.77-83.21) years. The median follow-up was 15.7 (0.06-136.7) months. 91% percent (n = 248) of patients were found to be KRAS MUT. The chi-square test showed that the primary tumor site (p = 0.027) and perineural invasion (p = 0.006) were associated with KRAS status. The median CA 19-9 was 143.6 (15.5-27996) U/ml and 341.15 (0-100000) U/ml for KRAS WT and KRAS MUT, respectively (p = 0.23). The median OS for KRAS WT and MUT was 31.4 (95% CI 25.1-NA) and 13.3 (95% CI 11.3-14.5) months, respectively (p = 0.0008). In patients with metachronous recurrence, the median time to metastasis was 22.4 (1.37-52.97) months and 12.8 (1.8-84.97) months for KRAS WT and KRAS MUT, respectively (p = 0.057). KRAS MUT types including G12 and Q21 were not associated with OS (p = 0.58). On MVA, including KRAS status, age, sex, and metastatic types (de novo vs. metachronous), only KRAS mutation was associated with worse OS [HR 2.64; 95% CI 1.53 to 4.56; p = 0.0004]. In patients treated with radiation, the LF rate at 12 months was 12.5% in patients with KRAS WT and 33.8% in KRAS MUT (p = 0.13). Heatmap analysis identified that RAD50, ALK, BCORL1, BRAF, CDC73, FAM123B, NF2, ERBB4, and ERCC4 were exclusively mutated in patients with KRAS WT. These genes were enriched in pathways associated with tyrosine kinase catalytic domain activity, ubiquitination, and nuclear localization signal. CONCLUSION This study identified driver mutations in patients with KRAS WT. KRAS status was associated with pathologic features and disease prognosis after treatment. Further study leveraging more powered cohorts is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - R Kumar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - L Hathout
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Department of Radiation Oncology, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - S K Jabbour
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - M P Deek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
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Pattanaik J, Bhasker S, Biswas A, R AV, Sharma A, Pramanik R, Kumar R, Sanyal S, Samala SK, Ghosh V, Sushant S, Pandey S, Tanwar MS, Praveen DVS, Mandal S. Patient-Reported Outcomes Evaluating the Impact of Hypo-Fractionated Palliative Quadshot Radiotherapy and Concurrent CDDP Treatment on Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S122. [PMID: 37784316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) In locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (LAHNSCC), the main goal of treatment remains survival while improving quality of life (QOL). In recent decades, there has been a paradigm shift in the measurement of clinical outcomes in patients diagnosed with cancer, focusing on the patient perspective by incorporating patient-reported outcomes (PROs). The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the improvement in quality of life with the use of cyclic hypo-fractionated palliative QUAD SHOT radiotherapy (RT) with concurrent cisplatin (CDDP) in previously untreated patients with incurable LAHNSCC. MATERIALS/METHODS In this prospective interventional phase- II study, 60 patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, majority stage IVB, ECOG PS ≤ 3, were treated with QUAD SHOT RT (14 Gy/4 fractions/2 days - BD with 6-hour interval and concurrent CDDP at 6 mg/m2. This treatment was repeated at 4-week intervals for 2 additional cycles if tumor progression did not occur. Serial changes in HR -QoL were assessed using EORTC QLQ C-30 and H&N-35) at 4 different time points. Statistical methods such as the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Friedman test were used to compare QoL values at different time points with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons to control for type I errors. RESULTS The median global health score (GHS) at baseline was 41.667, with an initial increase in score at 4 weeks (50.00) and at 8 weeks (54.167) that did not continue at 12 weeks (41.667). Symptoms related to toxicities (speech, social contact, sticky saliva, dry mouth, senses in H&N 35) were lower after 4 weeks. Application of the Friedman test for four time points revealed significant improvement in role function at 4 weeks, which remained constant at 8 weeks but was not sustained at 12 weeks. Comparison of HN-35 symptom scores between the four time points showed improvement in symptoms such as pain, swallowing, and mouth opening at 4 and 8 weeks. The mean QLQ C30 summary score for these patients improved at four weeks but did not remain constant at 8 and 12 weeks. CONCLUSION Our study showed significant improvement in quality-of-life parameters and reduction in symptom burden at 4 and 8 weeks due to disease control and symptom palliation by QUADSHOT CTRT, while quality-of-life scores worsened and symptom scores were not maintained at 12 weeks due to disease progression and occurrence of acute toxicities. This phase II study may serve as the basis for designing a phase III randomized control trial to compare quality of life changes with QUADSHOT CTRT and other palliative CTRT regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pattanaik
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Bhasker
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A Biswas
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A V R
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A Sharma
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R Pramanik
- DM Medical Oncology, AIIMS New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - R Kumar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi Cancer Registry, New Delhi, India
| | - S Sanyal
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S K Samala
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - V Ghosh
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Sushant
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Pandey
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M S Tanwar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - D V S Praveen
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Mandal
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Kumar R, Almeldin DS, Kim J, Deek MP, Jabbour SK. Predictive Value of Dynamic Tumor Volume Changes in Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Chemoradiation and Consolidative Immunotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e32-e33. [PMID: 37785144 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Concurrent chemoradiation (CRT) followed by Immunotherapy is standard of care in unresectable, locally advanced, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We hypothesize that on-treatment dynamic changes in tumor volume may predict oncologic outcome in Stage III NSCLC. MATERIALS/METHODS Stage III NSCLC patients who were treated with definitive CRT of 60 Gy in 30 fractions over 6 weeks with concurrent platinum-based concurrent chemotherapy followed by consolidative immunotherapy were retrospectively reviewed. We manually delineated the gross tumor volumes (GTV) of patients on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) acquired on day 1, 15, 29 and 43. GTV reduction was quantified as the percent difference in volume on each CBCT as compared to CBCT Day 1. Mid-treatment response (MTR) and End of treatment response (ETR) was defined at day 29 (at 40 Gy) and day 43 (at 60 Gy), respectively. Loco-regional control (LRC) and overall survival (OS) was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analysis, with log-rank test for groups stratified as per treatment response. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to identify additional prognostic factors. RESULTS We evaluated 24 consecutively treated patients from 01/2016 to 08/2019, with a median follow-up of 30.5 months. Median age was 69 years (range 51-84). Adenocarcinoma histology was present in 58 % and squamous cell carcinoma in 42% patients. The tumor stage IIIA in 38% and Stage IIIB in 62% patients. All patients received definitive CRT with at least 2 cycles of immunotherapy (median 8 cycles). The median ETR at CBCT43 was 49.5% (range, 1%-84.7%). 1-year cumulative incidence of loco-regional failure (LRF) was 27% versus 10% in patients with ETR <49.5% as compared to patients with greater ETR (p = 0.31). The median MTR at CBCT29 was 32.7% (range, 1%-81%). 1-year cumulative incidence of LRF was 28% versus 9% in patients MTR <32.7% as compared to patients with higher response (p = 0.03). The 3-year actuarial LRC of all patients was 51% which was significantly better in higher MTR (70% vs 30%; p = 0.02, log-rank) as compared to lower MTR. The 3-year actuarial OS for all patients was 45% which was 54% in patients with higher MTR verses 37% in low responders (p = 0.09). On multivariate analysis, age and T-stage were significant factors associated with LRC. Histologic subtype showed no impact on our findings. CONCLUSION Stage III NSCLC patients with approximately one-third (33%) reduction of GTV on mid-treatment CBCT during CRT have significantly improved LRC and a trend towards improved OS. This approach may justify early adaptive intensification of RT or application of additional therapies in patients with non-optimal response. Additional large prospective study of CBCT is needed to determine whether treatment can be tailored based on tumor response, to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kumar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - D S Almeldin
- Department of Clinical Oncology-Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - J Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - M P Deek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - S K Jabbour
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
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Kumar R, Neibart SS, Kim J, Mamidanna S, Deek MP, Jabbour SK. Predictive Value of Tumor Volume on Local Control in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Image Guided Hypofractionated Radiation Treatment. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e310. [PMID: 37785122 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) External beam radiation treatment (EBRT) is an important local treatment in liver-confined hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who are not candidates for curative therapy. EBRT dose, technique and prognostic factors are evolving. We hypothesized that tumor volume to liver volume ratio can be a predictor of local control (LC) in patients treated with hypo-fractionated radiation (HFRT) in HCC MATERIALS/METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 50 patients of HCC treated with HFRT at our institution. HFRT schedule was chosen such that the radiation dose to the remaining liver and other organs at risk (OAR) met the standard dosimetric constraints. Image guided techniques were used for motion management, internal target volume (ITV) and planning target volume (PTV) delineation. Tumor to Liver Ratio (TLR) was defined as ratio of PTV volume to whole liver volume. TLR ≤ 0.3 was considered as low volume disease and TLR > 0.3 was considered as high-volume disease. The radiation dose ranged from 45 Gy to 67.5 Gy in 5 - 15 fractions. The biologically equivalent dose (BED) for tumor ranged from 58.5 Gy10 to 100 Gy10. Local control (LC) was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analysis, with log-rank test for groups stratified as per TLR. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to identify additional prognostic factors. RESULTS The mean duration of follow-up was 24 months. The median age was 69 years (range 50 - 90) and 76% were males. 32 patients had CP-A class cirrhosis while 17 had CP-B and 1 had CP-C class. BCLC stage A, B, C and D was seen in 2, 14, 33 and 2 patients, respectively. Portal vein thrombosis was present in 9 patients and prior trans-arterial chemo embolization (TACE) was done in 23 patients. The median volume of PTV was 551 cc (range 52 - 1990 cc). The TLR ranged from 0.04 - 0.67 with a median of 0.29. The median BED radiation dose was 78.4 Gy10 (range - 58.5 Gy10 to 100 Gy10). Nine patients had local recurrence with overall LC rate of 82%. The LC was better in low volume tumors, with the TLR cut-off of 0.3 as a significant factor associated with LC (p = 0.007). The 1-year actuarial LC with TLR ≤ 0.3 was 88% as compared 61% in TLR of > 0.3 (p = 0.007). BED ≥60 Gy10 was associated with better 1 year LC as compared to BED < 60 Gy10 (89% vs 62%; p = 0.11). ALBI grade 1 was associated with better 1 year LC as compared to ALBI grade 2 (80% versus 75%; p = 0.40). On multivariate analysis, high volume disease and TLR >0.3 were significant prognostic factor for LC. CONCLUSION HFRT has good 1-year local control of 82% in carefully selected unresectable HCC. Radiation with BED greater than 60 Gy10 and ALBI grade 1 showed a trend towards better LC. Smaller tumors had better LC with a PTV to liver ratio (TLR) of < 0.3. This information can help in identifying the poor responders, intensifying the radiation treatment and adding additional therapy to improve the oncological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kumar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - S S Neibart
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - J Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - S Mamidanna
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - M P Deek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - S K Jabbour
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
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Pandey S, Pareek V, Kumar R, Gupta A, Kunhiparambath H, Shalimar, Gamanagatti S, Gupta S, Sharma S, Binjola A, Kumar R, Pattanaik J, Praveen DVS, Sanyal S, Tanwar MS, Yadavalli P, Goel V, Roy S, Das N, Sisodiya R. Role of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy in Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Prospective Single Institute Experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e330-e331. [PMID: 37785168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Patients diagnosed with Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complicated with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) have a limited number of treatment options available and are associated with an overall poor prognosis. With the recent developments in the field of radiation therapy, the role of radiotherapy particularly Stereotactic Body radiotherapy (SBRT) has increased as a loco-regional therapy for HCC. This study was planned to evaluate the role of SBRT in Locally advanced HCC complicated with PVTT and its role as loco-regional therapy. MATERIALS/METHODS We conducted a prospective study that included patients diagnosed with HCC complicated with PVTT Child-Turcotte Pugh (CTP) Class A/B with a maximum score of 7, diagnosed on triple phase Contrast-Enhanced - MRI unsuitable for other ablative procedures. Patients with Bilirubin levels > 4 mg/dl, active Hepatitis, CTP score >7, normal liver volume <700cc or history of prior radiotherapy were excluded from the study. Patients underwent a contrast enhanced 4D-CT simulation with abdominal compression and were planned for SBRT using VMAT technique. Patients were followed-up as per Institute protocol. CECT or MRI for a radiological response was done for response assessment using mRECIST criteria version 1.1. A baseline MRI was done at one-month post-SBRT to understand any RT changes in the liver and to differentiate from tumor progression during the response assessment at three months. RESULTS A total of 22 patients with HCC were recruited and received SBRT to PVTT, with a dosage between 30-42 Gy over 6 fractions treated on alternate days. Patients were assessed post-treatment with triphasic CE-MRI every 3 months as per institute protocol. Five patients had achieved Complete response in form of Portal vein recanalization. Three patients had Partial response to the treatment. Seven patients maintained stable disease status whereas six patients had disease progression during the entire course of treatment. The response rate (CR+PR) to treatment was 36.3% at the time of analysis. The Overall Response rate (CR+PR+SD) was 69%. No grade 3 or 4 toxicities were observed and treatment was tolerated well by patients. Kaplan-Meier method was applied to calculate the survival probability at various follow-up intervals. The median time for overall survival was 25 months ((95% CI: 15-35). Out of the 22 subjects included in the study, 6 patients died. There was a 78% survival probability at 12 months and a 68% survival probability at 18 months of follow-up. CONCLUSION This prospective single-arm study demonstrated the vital role of SBRT in the treatment of Hepatocellular carcinoma with Portal vein tumor thrombosis and its efficacy in terms of achieving excellent local control with relatively lesser toxicities compared with existing treatment modalities. Patients have shown benefit post-treatment in terms of thrombus reduction and restoration of Portal vein flow making them suitable for further treatment like Resection or TACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pandey
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - V Pareek
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R Kumar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A Gupta
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Shalimar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Gamanagatti
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Gupta
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Sharma
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A Binjola
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R Kumar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi Cancer Registry, New Delhi, India
| | - J Pattanaik
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - D V S Praveen
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Sanyal
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M S Tanwar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - P Yadavalli
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - V Goel
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Roy
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - N Das
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R Sisodiya
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Humphreys H, Bak A, Ridgway E, Wilson APR, Vos MC, Woodhead K, Haill C, Xuereb D, Walker JM, Bostock J, Marsden GL, Pinkney T, Kumar R, Hoffman PN. Rituals and behaviours in the operating theatre - joint guidelines of the Healthcare Infection Society and the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. J Hosp Infect 2023; 140:165.e1-165.e28. [PMID: 37454912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Humphreys
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland; Healthcare Infection Society, London, UK; ESCMID Study Group for Nosocomial Infection, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - A Bak
- Healthcare Infection Society, London, UK
| | - E Ridgway
- Healthcare Infection Society, London, UK
| | - A P R Wilson
- Healthcare Infection Society, London, UK; University College London Hospitals, London, UK
| | - M C Vos
- ESCMID Study Group for Nosocomial Infection, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K Woodhead
- Association for Perioperative Practice, Harrogate, UK; Royal College of Nursing, London, UK
| | - C Haill
- Healthcare Infection Society, London, UK
| | - D Xuereb
- Infection Prevention Society, Seafield, UK
| | - J M Walker
- Healthcare Infection Society, London, UK; NHS Grampian, Greater Aberdeen, UK
| | - J Bostock
- Lay Member for Healthcare Infection Society, London, UK
| | - G L Marsden
- Healthcare Infection Society, London, UK; Royal College of General Practitioners, London, UK
| | - T Pinkney
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - R Kumar
- Lay Member for Healthcare Infection Society, London, UK
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Pandey S, Pareek V, Kumar R, Gupta A, Kunhiparambath H, Shalimar, Gamanagatti S, Gupta S, Sharma A, Sharma S, Binjola A, Kumar R, Pattanaik J, Sanyal S, Praveen DVS, Tanwar MS, Mandal S, Shyam G, Das N, Goel V. Biological Response Assessment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Post Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e331. [PMID: 37785169 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Biological Response in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is measured in terms of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) which is elevated in nearly 60% HCC patients at baseline and is directly related to the severity of the disease. This biological response is defined as the reduction of more than 50% from the baseline levels and is associated with an increased percentage of tumor necrosis and is directly related to increased loco-regional control. Patients diagnosed with HCC have very limited treatment modalities. With the recent advances in the field of radiation therapy and the development of Stereotactic Body radiotherapy (SBRT), the role of radiotherapy has increased as a loco-regional modality for HCC. In this single-arm prospective study, we evaluated the biological response post-SBRT in patients diagnosed with HCC. MATERIALS/METHODS We conducted a prospective study that included patients diagnosed with HCC with baseline elevation of serum AFP, Child-Turcotte Pugh (CTP) Class A/B with a maximum score of 7. Patient's serum AFP levels were recorded at baseline, pre-treatment, and post-treatment. The biological response was measured at 3 months post-treatment and compared with the baseline serum AFP levels using Wilcoxon signed rank test. RESULTS A total of 14 patients with HCC were recruited and received SBRT to the target lesion, with a dose between 30-42 Gy over 6 fractions treated on alternate days. Patients were assessed post-treatment at one month with triphasic CEMRI and serum AFP levels. 12 out of 14 patients (85.71%) had a biological response at 3 months follow-up and levels showed further decline unless a progression was found. The median (IQR) serum AFP level was 1131 ng/ml (359-5668 ng/ml) at baseline. Post-treatment serum AFP levels had a median (IQR) value of 156 ng/ml (15-372 ng/ml) showing a near reduction of 86% from baseline, which was significant. 2/14 pts (14.28%) showed no reduction or even increase in serum AFP levels post-treatment. CONCLUSION This prospective single-arm study demonstrated the vital role of SBRT in the treatment of HCC and its importance in achieving a better disease control. The response was achieved in 86% of patients with marked reduction of nearly 90% in serum AFP levels as compared to the baseline and increased median OS and PFS as compared to patients not receiving radiotherapy. Further prospective studies are warranted to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pandey
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - V Pareek
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R Kumar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A Gupta
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Shalimar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Gamanagatti
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Gupta
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A Sharma
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Sharma
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A Binjola
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R Kumar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi Cancer Registry, New Delhi, India
| | - J Pattanaik
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Sanyal
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - D V S Praveen
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M S Tanwar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Mandal
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - G Shyam
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - N Das
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - V Goel
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Bhasker S, Pattanaik J, Biswas A, R AV, Sharma A, Pramanik R, Sanyal S, Praveen DVS, Kumar R, Sushant S, Ghosh V, Mandal S, Samala SK, Tanwar MS, Pandey S. Hypo-Fractionated Palliative QUADSHOT Radiotherapy and Concurrent CDDP in Patients with LAHNSCC: Toxicities and Clinical Outcomes. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e567. [PMID: 37785734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Shorter palliative hypo-fractionated radiotherapy regimens given concurrently with chemotherapy, preferably cisplatin (radiosensitizer), increase response rates with acceptable toxicity, leading to better compliance of patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (LAHNSCC) in whom late toxicities due to chemoradiotherapy are less relevant. This single institution prospective interventional phase II study was conducted with the goal of achieving high rates of locoregional control with acceptable treatment-related toxicity. MATERIALS/METHODS In this prospective interventional phase- II study, 60 patients with LAHNSCC (treatment naive), the majority in stage IVB and ECOG PS ≤ 3, were treated with QUAD SHOT RT using the conventional 2D technique (14Gy in 4 fractions on 2 consecutive days twice daily with a 6-hour interval between the two fractions) and concurrent cisplatin (CDDP) at a dose of 6 mg/m2. This treatment was repeated at 4-week intervals for 2 additional cycles if tumor progression did not occur. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to determine survival probability for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Descriptive statistics with number and percentage were used for each toxicity and tumor response at different time points. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS In our study, all patients received at least one cycle of QUADSHOT chemoradiotherapy (CTRT), while 35 and 18 patients received the 2nd and 3rd QUADSHOT CTRT, respectively. Of the patients who completed the first cycle of QUADSHOT CTRT, 27 (45%) patients had a partial response (PR) and 22 (36.7%) had stable disease (SD). Of the patients who completed the second cycle QUADSHOT CTRT, 77.2% had SD, while 11.4% had PR and 11.4% had PD. After the 3rd QUADSHOT CTRT, 72.2% had SD, while 11.1% had PR and 16.7% had PD. The overall response rate (SD +PR) in our study was 81%, 88.6%, and 83% after the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd QUADSHOT CTRT, respectively. After the 3rd QUADSHOT CTRT, no patient showed grade 4 toxicity. Most patients had grade I/ II toxicities e.g., skin (grade I -83%), mucositis (grade II -50%), salivary gland toxicity (grade II -50%), grade I laryngitis (83.3%). Grade- III oral mucositis and pharyngitis were seen in 27% and 6.7% of patients, respectively. Median OS and PFS were 7.9 months and 6.2 months, respectively. CONCLUSION Concurrent chemotherapy acts as a radiosensitizer and provides a synergistic effect when coupled with hypo-fractionated radiation, resulting in more effective control of locoregional disease in locally advanced head and neck tumors with acceptable toxicities. This study is hypothesis-generating and may serve as a basis for developing optimal CTRT regimens for patients with LAHNSCC who are not suitable for curative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bhasker
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - J Pattanaik
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A Biswas
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A V R
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A Sharma
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R Pramanik
- DM Medical Oncology, AIIMS New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - S Sanyal
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - D V S Praveen
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R Kumar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi Cancer Registry, New Delhi, India
| | - S Sushant
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - V Ghosh
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Mandal
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S K Samala
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M S Tanwar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Pandey
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Shah K, Ghosh J, Patel S, Chowdhuri MB, Jadeja KA, Shukla G, Macwan T, Kumar A, Dolui S, Singh K, Tanna RL, Patel KM, Dey R, Manchanda R, Ramaiya N, Kumar R, Aich S, Yadava N, Purohit S, Gupta MK, Nagora UC, Pathak SK, Atrey PK, Mayya KBK. Role of pinch in Argon impurity transport in ohmic discharges of Aditya-U Tokamak. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16087. [PMID: 37752170 PMCID: PMC10522584 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42746-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We present experimental results of the trace argon impurity puffing in the ohmic plasmas of Aditya-U tokamak performed to study the argon transport behaviour. Argon line emissions in visible and Vacuum Ultra Violet (VUV) spectral ranges arising from the plasma edge and core respectively are measured simultaneously. During the experiments, space resolved brightness profile of Ar1+ line emissions at 472.69 nm (3p44s 2P3/2-3p44p 2D3/2), 473.59 nm (3p44s 4P5/2-3p44p 4P3/2), 476.49 nm (3p44s 2P1/2-3p44p 2P3/2), 480.60 nm (3p44s 4P5/2-3p44p 4P5/2) are recorded using a high resolution visible spectrometer. Also, a VUV spectrometer has been used to simultaneously observe Ar13+ line emission at 18.79 nm (2s22p 2P3/2-2s2p2 2P3/2) and Ar14+ line emission at 22.11 nm (2s2 1S0-2s2p 1P1). The diffusivity and convective velocity of Ar are obtained by comparing the measured radial emissivity profile of Ar1+ emission and the line intensity ratio of Ar13+ and Ar14+ ions, with those simulated using the impurity transport code, STRAHL. Argon diffusivities ~ 12 m2/s and ~ 0.3 m2/s have been observed in the edge (ρ > 0.85) and core region of the Aditya-U, respectively. The diffusivity values both in the edge and core region are found to be higher than the neo-classical values suggesting that the argon impurity transport is mainly anomalous in the Aditya-U tokamak. Also, an inward pinch of ~ 10 m/s mainly driven by Ware pinch is required to match the measured and simulated data. The measured peaked profile of Ar density suggests impurity accumulation in these discharges.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Shah
- Department of Physics, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raisan, Gandhinagar, 382 007, India.
| | - J Ghosh
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
| | - S Patel
- Department of Physics, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raisan, Gandhinagar, 382 007, India
| | - M B Chowdhuri
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - K A Jadeja
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Department of Nano Science and Advanced Materials, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, 360 005, India
| | - G Shukla
- ITER-India, Institute for Plasma Research, Koteshwar, Ahmedabad, 380 005, India
| | - T Macwan
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - A Kumar
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - S Dolui
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - K Singh
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - R L Tanna
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, 382 481, India
| | - K M Patel
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - R Dey
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - R Manchanda
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - N Ramaiya
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - R Kumar
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - S Aich
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - N Yadava
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, 382 481, India
| | - S Purohit
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - M K Gupta
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - U C Nagora
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - S K Pathak
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - P K Atrey
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382 428, India
| | - K B K Mayya
- Department of Physics, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Raisan, Gandhinagar, 382 007, India
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Adachi I, Adamczyk K, Aggarwal L, Ahmed H, Aihara H, Akopov N, Aloisio A, Anh Ky N, Asner DM, Atmacan H, Aushev T, Aushev V, Aversano M, Babu V, Bae H, Bahinipati S, Bambade P, Banerjee S, Bansal S, Barrett M, Baudot J, Bauer M, Baur A, Beaubien A, Becker J, Behera PK, Bennett JV, Bernieri E, Bernlochner FU, Bertacchi V, Bertemes M, Bertholet E, Bessner M, Bettarini S, Bhardwaj V, Bhuyan B, Bianchi F, Bilka T, Bilokin S, Biswas D, Bobrov A, Bodrov D, Bolz A, Borah J, Bozek A, Bračko M, Branchini P, Browder TE, Budano A, Bussino S, Campajola M, Cao L, Casarosa G, Cecchi C, Cerasoli J, Chang MC, Chang P, Cheaib R, Cheema P, Chekelian V, Chen YQ, Cheon BG, Chilikin K, Chirapatpimol K, Cho HE, Cho K, Cho SJ, Choi SK, Choudhury S, Cinabro D, Cochran J, Corona L, Cremaldi LM, Cunliffe S, Czank T, Das S, Dattola F, De La Cruz-Burelo E, De La Motte SA, de Marino G, De Nardo G, De Nuccio M, De Pietro G, de Sangro R, Destefanis M, Dey S, De Yta-Hernandez A, Dhamija R, Di Canto A, Di Capua F, Dingfelder J, Doležal Z, Domínguez Jiménez I, Dong TV, Dorigo M, Dort K, Dossett D, Dreyer S, Dubey S, Dujany G, Ecker P, Eliachevitch M, Epifanov D, Feichtinger P, Ferber T, Ferlewicz D, Fillinger T, Finck C, Finocchiaro G, Fodor A, Forti F, Frey A, Fulsom BG, Gabrielli A, Ganiev E, Garcia-Hernandez M, Garmash A, Gaudino G, Gaur V, Gaz A, Gellrich A, Ghevondyan G, Ghosh D, Ghumaryan H, Giakoustidis G, Giordano R, Giri A, Glazov A, Gobbo B, Godang R, Gogota O, Goldenzweig P, Gradl W, Grammatico T, Granderath S, Graziani E, Greenwald D, Gruberová Z, Gu T, Guan Y, Gudkova K, Guilliams J, Halder S, Han Y, Hara T, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Hazra S, Hearty C, Hedges MT, Heredia de la Cruz I, Hernández Villanueva M, Hershenhorn A, Higuchi T, Hill EC, Hirata H, Hoek M, Hohmann M, Hsu CL, Humair T, Iijima T, Inami K, Inguglia G, Ipsita N, Ishikawa A, Ito S, Itoh R, Iwasaki M, Jackson P, Jacobs WW, Jaffe DE, Jang EJ, Ji QP, Jia S, Jin Y, Johnson A, Joo KK, Junkerkalefeld H, Kakuno H, Kaleta M, Kalita D, Kaliyar AB, Kandra J, Kang KH, Kang S, Karl R, Karyan G, Kawasaki T, Keil F, Ketter C, Kiesling C, Kim CH, Kim DY, Kim KH, Kim YK, Kindo H, Kodyš P, Koga T, Kohani S, Kojima K, Konno T, Korobov A, Korpar S, Kovalenko E, Kowalewski R, Kraetzschmar TMG, Križan P, Krokovny P, Kuhr T, Kumar J, Kumar M, Kumar R, Kumara K, Kunigo T, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lacaprara S, Lai YT, Lam T, Lanceri L, Lange JS, Laurenza M, Lautenbach K, Leboucher R, Le Diberder FR, Leitl P, Levit D, Lewis PM, Li C, Li LK, Li YB, Libby J, Lieret K, Liu QY, Liu ZQ, Liventsev D, Longo S, Lozar A, Lueck T, Lyu C, Ma Y, Maggiora M, Maharana SP, Maiti R, Maity S, Manfredi R, Manoni E, Manthei AC, Mantovano M, Marcantonio D, Marcello S, Marinas C, Martel L, Martellini C, Martini A, Martinov T, Massaccesi L, Masuda M, Matsuda T, Matsuoka K, Matvienko D, Maurya SK, McKenna JA, Mehta R, Merola M, Metzner F, Milesi M, Miller C, Mirra M, Miyabayashi K, Miyake H, Mizuk R, Mohanty GB, Molina-Gonzalez N, Mondal S, Moneta S, Moser HG, Mrvar M, Mussa R, Nakamura I, Nakamura KR, Nakao M, Nakayama H, Nakazawa H, Nakazawa Y, Narimani Charan A, Naruki M, Narwal D, Natkaniec Z, Natochii A, Nayak L, Nayak M, Nazaryan G, Niebuhr C, Nisar NK, Nishida S, Ogawa S, Ono H, Onuki Y, Oskin P, Otani F, Pakhlov P, Pakhlova G, Paladino A, Panta A, Paoloni E, Pardi S, Parham K, Park J, Park SH, Paschen B, Passeri A, Patra S, Paul S, Pedlar TK, Peruzzi I, Peschke R, Pestotnik R, Pham F, Piccolo M, Piilonen LE, Pinna Angioni G, Podesta-Lerma PLM, Podobnik T, Pokharel S, Polat L, Praz C, Prell S, Prencipe E, Prim MT, Purwar H, Rad N, Rados P, Raeuber G, Raiz S, Ramirez Morales A, Reif M, Reiter S, Remnev M, Ripp-Baudot I, Rizzo G, Rizzuto LB, Robertson SH, Rodríguez Pérez D, Roehrken M, Roney JM, Rostomyan A, Rout N, Russo G, Sahoo D, Sanders DA, Sandilya S, Sangal A, Santelj L, Sato Y, Savinov V, Scavino B, Schnepf M, Schueler J, Schwanda C, Seino Y, Selce A, Senyo K, Serrano J, Sevior ME, Sfienti C, Shan W, Sharma C, Shen CP, Shi XD, Shillington T, Shiu JG, Shtol D, Shwartz B, Sibidanov A, Simon F, Singh JB, Skorupa J, Sobie RJ, Sobotzik M, Soffer A, Sokolov A, Solovieva E, Spataro S, Spruck B, Starič M, Stavroulakis P, Stefkova S, Stottler ZS, Stroili R, Strube J, Sue Y, Sumihama M, Sumisawa K, Sutcliffe W, Suzuki SY, Svidras H, Takahashi M, Takizawa M, Tamponi U, Tanaka S, Tanida K, Tanigawa H, Tenchini F, Thaller A, Tiwary R, Tonelli D, Torassa E, Toutounji N, Trabelsi K, Tsaklidis I, Uchida M, Ueda I, Uematsu Y, Uglov T, Unger K, Unno Y, Uno K, Uno S, Urquijo P, Ushiroda Y, Vahsen SE, van Tonder R, Varner GS, Varvell KE, Vinokurova A, Vismaya VS, Vitale L, Vobbilisetti V, Volpe R, Vossen A, Wach B, Wakai M, Wakeling HM, Wallner S, Wang E, Wang MZ, Wang XL, Wang Z, Warburton A, Watanabe M, Watanuki S, Welsch M, Wessel C, Won E, Xu XP, Yabsley BD, Yamada S, Yan W, Yang SB, Ye H, Yelton J, Yin JH, Yook YM, Yoshihara K, Yuan CZ, Yusa Y, Zani L, Zhai Y, Zhang Y, Zhilich V, Zhou JS, Zhou QD, Zhou XY, Zhukova VI, Žlebčík R. Search for a τ^{+}τ^{-} Resonance in e^{+}e^{-}→μ^{+}μ^{-}τ^{+}τ^{-} Events with the Belle II Experiment. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:121802. [PMID: 37802942 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.121802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
We report the first search for a nonstandard-model resonance decaying into τ pairs in e^{+}e^{-}→μ^{+}μ^{-}τ^{+}τ^{-} events in the 3.6-10 GeV/c^{2} mass range. We use a 62.8 fb^{-1} sample of e^{+}e^{-} collisions collected at a center-of-mass energy of 10.58 GeV by the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB collider. The analysis probes three different models predicting a spin-1 particle coupling only to the heavier lepton families, a Higgs-like spin-0 particle that couples preferentially to charged leptons (leptophilic scalar), and an axionlike particle, respectively. We observe no evidence for a signal and set exclusion limits at 90% confidence level on the product of cross section and branching fraction into τ pairs, ranging from 0.7 to 24 fb, and on the couplings of these processes. We obtain world-leading constraints on the couplings for the leptophilic scalar model for masses above 6.5 GeV/c^{2} and for the axionlike particle model over the entire mass range.
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Gananandan K, Thomas V, Woo WL, Boddu R, Kumar R, Raja M, Balaji A, Kazankov K, Mookerjee RP. Fat mass: a novel digital biomarker for remote monitoring that may indicate risk for malnutrition and new complications in decompensated cirrhosis. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2023; 23:180. [PMID: 37705043 PMCID: PMC10498640 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-023-02288-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cirrhosis is associated with sarcopaenia and fat wasting, which drive decompensation and mortality. Currently, nutritional status, through body composition assessment, is not routinely monitored in outpatients. Given the deleterious outcomes associated with poor nutrition in decompensated cirrhosis, there is a need for remotely monitoring this to optimise community care. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients monitored remotely with digital sensors post hospital discharge, to assess outcomes and indicators of new cirrhosis complications. 15 patients had daily fat mass measurements as part of monitoring over a median 10 weeks, using a Withing's bioimpedance scale. The Clinical Frailty Score (CFS) was used to assess frailty and several liver disease severity scores were assessed. RESULTS 73.3% (11/15) patients were male with a median age of 63 (52-68). There was a trend towards more severe liver disease based on CLIF-Consortium Acute Decompensation (CLIF-C AD) scores in frail patients vs. those not frail (53 vs 46, p = 0.072). When the cohort was split into patients who gained fat mass over 8 weeks vs. those that lost fat mass, the baseline CLIF-C AD scores and WBC were significantly higher in those that lost fat (58 vs 48, p = 0.048 and 11.2 × 109 vs 4.7 × 109, p = 0.031). CONCLUSIONS This proof-of-principle study shows feasibility for remote monitoring of fat mass and nutritional reserve in decompensated cirrhosis. Our results suggest fat mass is associated with greater severity of acute decompensation and may serve as an indicator of systemic inflammatory response. Further prospective studies are required to validate this digital biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Gananandan
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - V Thomas
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - W L Woo
- Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - R Boddu
- CyberLiver Limited, London, UK
| | - R Kumar
- CyberLiver Limited, London, UK
| | - M Raja
- CyberLiver Limited, London, UK
| | | | - K Kazankov
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - R P Mookerjee
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Kumari S, Nath S, Narasimha VL, Sarkar M, Kumar R. Psychosis Unmasking a Diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: a Case Report. East Asian Arch Psychiatry 2023; 33:100-103. [PMID: 37771217 DOI: 10.12809/eaap2316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder that affects multiple organs. Neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE) can manifest with a multitude of neurological and psychiatric symptoms. Psychosis is a rare NPSLE manifestation that can occur at any phase of the illness; 21% of SLE-related psychosis cases occur at the onset of SLE, but the evidence base for this is lacking. We report a case of acute-onset psychosis in a woman that led to a diagnosis of SLE, which was substantiated by physical evaluation and laboratory assessments. Assessment of acute-onset psychosis requires consideration of all differential diagnoses, especially in the presence of atypical features. This case also underscores the importance of physical examination and laboratory investigations in psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kumari
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - S Nath
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - V L Narasimha
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - M Sarkar
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - R Kumar
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
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Anand A, Kumar R, Sharma S, Gupta A, Vijayvergiya R, Mehrotra S, Kumar B, Lad D, Patil AN, Shafiq N, Malhotra S. Development and validation wise assessment of genotype guided warfarin dosing algorithm in Indian population. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2023; 38:273-279. [PMID: 37075481 DOI: 10.1515/dmpt-2022-0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A study was conducted to develop and validate the warfarin pharmacogenetic dose optimization algorithm considering the clinical pharmacogenetic implementation consortium (CPIC) recommendations for the Asian ethnicity population. METHODS The present prospective observational study recruited warfarin-receiving patients. We collected a three ml blood sample for VKORC1, CYP2C9*2, CYP2C9*3, and CYP4F2 polymorphism assessment during the follow-up visits. Clinical history, sociodemographic and warfarin dose details were noted. RESULTS The study recruited 300 patients (250 in derivation and 50 in validation timed cohort) receiving warfarin therapy. The baseline characteristics were similar in both cohorts. BMI, presence of comorbidity, VKORC1, CYP2C9*2, and CYP2C9*3 were identified as covariates significantly affecting the warfarin weekly maintenance dose (p<0.001 for all) and the same were included in warfarin pharmacogenetic dose optimization algorithm building. The algorithm built-in the present study showed a good correlation with Gage (r=0.57, p<0.0001), and IWPC (r=0.51, p<0.0001) algorithms, widely accepted in western side of the globe. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed a sensitivity of 73 %, a positive predictive value of 96 %, and a specificity of 89 %. The algorithm correctly identified the validation cohort's warfarin-sensitive, intermediate reacting, and resistant patient populations. CONCLUSIONS Validation and comparisons of the warfarin pharmacogenetic dose optimization algorithm have made it ready for the clinical trial assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Anand
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Rupesh Kumar
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Swati Sharma
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Ankur Gupta
- Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Rajesh Vijayvergiya
- Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Saurabh Mehrotra
- Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Basant Kumar
- Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Deepesh Lad
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Amol N Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Nusrat Shafiq
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Samir Malhotra
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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Kumar R, Halder V, Ghosh S, Thingnam S, Singh H, Mishra AK, Mahajan S, Aggarwal P, Dutta ARS, Mishra A. Early and Mid-Term Outcomes of Primary Repair After Atrioventricular Canal Defect: A Single-Center Eight-Year Experience. Cureus 2023; 15:e45304. [PMID: 37846269 PMCID: PMC10576971 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Surgical repair techniques and management of patients with atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) have progressed over the last few decades. Early and definitive interventions have become the choice of treatment for these patients. Based on this background, we aimed to review the early and mid-term outcomes of primary AVSD repair. METHODS A total of 53 patients with a mean age of 3.45 ± 5.67 years underwent definitive repair for AVSD between January 2014 and June 2021. The clinical data including age, type of defect, associated co-anomalies, symptoms, pulmonary hypertension, etc. were collected and assessed retrospectively. Mitral regurgitation (MR) as a clinical outcome was assessed at 0, 1, 2, and 5 years. RESULTS Among the recruited patients, 35 (66.1%) were male and 18 (33.9%) were female. Of 53 patients, repair for the complete defect was done in 38 (71.69%) patients, repair for intermediate/partial defect was done in 15 (23.1%) patients, and one patient underwent repair for incomplete type. Other associated co-anomalies were anterior mitral leaflet (12 (22.6%)), atrial and ventricular septal defect (VSD) (30 (56.6%)), and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) (11 (20.8%)). Different procedures for surgical repair included patch closure, cleft repair, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) VSD closure. After repair, the mean follow-up period was 46.73 ± 27.37 months. Overall mortality was 3.78% (2/53), and two patients underwent reintervention due to symptomatic severe MR. CONCLUSIONS A definitive and timely correction of AVSD shows satisfactory early and mid-term results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupesh Kumar
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, IND
| | - Vikram Halder
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, U. N. Mehta Institute of Cardiology and Research Centre, Ahmedabad, IND
| | - Soumitra Ghosh
- Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, IND
| | - Shyam Thingnam
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, IND
| | - Harkant Singh
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, IND
| | - Anand K Mishra
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, IND
| | - Sachin Mahajan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, IND
| | - Pankaj Aggarwal
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, IND
| | - Aduri Raja S Dutta
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, IND
| | - Amit Mishra
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, U. N. Mehta Institute of Cardiology and Research Centre, Ahmedabad, IND
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Aggarwal L, Ahmed H, Aihara H, Akopov N, Aloisio A, Anh Ky N, Asner DM, Atmacan H, Aushev T, Aushev V, Bae H, Bahinipati S, Bambade P, Banerjee S, Bansal S, Barrett M, Baudot J, Bauer M, Baur A, Beaubien A, Becker J, Bennett JV, Bernieri E, Bernlochner FU, Bertacchi V, Bertemes M, Bertholet E, Bessner M, Bettarini S, Bhardwaj V, Bhuyan B, Bianchi F, Bilka T, Bilokin S, Biswas D, Bodrov D, Borah J, Bozek A, Bračko M, Briere RA, Browder TE, Budano A, Bussino S, Campajola M, Cao L, Casarosa G, Cecchi C, Cerasoli J, Chang MC, Cheaib R, Cheema P, Chekelian V, Cheon BG, Chilikin K, Chirapatpimol K, Cho HE, Cho K, Cho SJ, Choi SK, Choudhury S, Cochran J, Corona L, Cunliffe S, Dattola F, De La Cruz-Burelo E, De La Motte SA, De Nardo G, De Nuccio M, De Pietro G, de Sangro R, Destefanis M, Dhamija R, Di Capua F, Dingfelder J, Doležal Z, Dong TV, Dorigo M, Dossett D, Dreyer S, Dubey S, Dujany G, Ecker P, Eliachevitch M, Feichtinger P, Ferber T, Ferlewicz D, Fillinger T, Finocchiaro G, Fodor A, Forti F, Frey A, Fulsom BG, Gabrielli A, Ganiev E, Garcia-Hernandez M, Gaudino G, Gaur V, Gaz A, Gellrich A, Ghevondyan G, Giordano R, Giri A, Glazov A, Gobbo B, Godang R, Goldenzweig P, Gradl W, Grammatico T, Granderath S, Graziani E, Gruberová Z, Gu T, Gudkova K, Halder S, Hara T, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Hazra S, Hearty C, Hedges MT, Heredia de la Cruz I, Hernández Villanueva M, Hershenhorn A, Higuchi T, Hill EC, Hohmann M, Hsu CL, Iijima T, Inami K, Inguglia G, Ipsita N, Ishikawa A, Ito S, Itoh R, Iwasaki M, Jacobs WW, Jang EJ, Ji QP, Jia S, Jin Y, Junkerkalefeld H, Kaleta M, Kaliyar AB, Karyan G, Kawasaki T, Kiesling C, Kim CH, Kim DY, Kim KH, Kim YK, Kindo H, Kinoshita K, Kodyš P, Kohani S, Kojima K, Korobov A, Korpar S, Kovalenko E, Kowalewski R, Križan P, Krokovny P, Kumar J, Kumar R, Kumara K, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lacaprara S, Lange JS, Laurenza M, Leboucher R, Le Diberder FR, Levit D, Lewis PM, Li LK, Libby J, Liptak Z, Liu QY, Liu ZQ, Liventsev D, Longo S, Lueck T, Lyu C, Ma Y, Maggiora M, Maharana SP, Maiti R, Maity S, Manfredi R, Manoni E, Manthei AC, Mantovano M, Marinas C, Martel L, Martellini C, Martini A, Massaccesi L, Masuda M, Matsuoka K, Matvienko D, Maurya SK, McKenna JA, Meier F, Merola M, Metzner F, Milesi M, Miller C, Miyabayashi K, Mizuk R, Mohanty GB, Moneta S, Mrvar M, Mussa R, Nakamura I, Nakamura KR, Nakao M, Nakazawa Y, Narimani Charan A, Naruki M, Narwal D, Natochii A, Nayak L, Nazaryan G, Nisar NK, Nishida S, Ono H, Onuki Y, Oskin P, Pakhlov P, Pakhlova G, Paladino A, Panta A, Pardi S, Park H, Park J, Paschen B, Passeri A, Patra S, Paul S, Pedlar TK, Peruzzi I, Peschke R, Pestotnik R, Piilonen LE, Pinna Angioni G, Podesta-Lerma PLM, Podobnik T, Pokharel S, Polat L, Praz C, Prell S, Prencipe E, Prim MT, Purwar H, Rad N, Rados P, Raeuber G, Reif M, Reiter S, Ripp-Baudot I, Rizzo G, Rizzuto LB, Rocchetti P, Roney JM, Rostomyan A, Rout N, Sanders DA, Sandilya S, Sangal A, Santelj L, Sato Y, Scavino B, Schwanda C, Seino Y, Selce A, Senyo K, Sevior ME, Sfienti C, Shan W, Sharma C, Shen CP, Shillington T, Shiu JG, Simon F, Singh JB, Skorupa J, Sobie RJ, Soffer A, Sokolov A, Solovieva E, Spataro S, Spruck B, Starič M, Stefkova S, Stroili R, Sue Y, Sumihama M, Sutcliffe W, Suzuki SY, Svidras H, Takizawa M, Tamponi U, Tanida K, Taniguchi N, Tenchini F, Tiwary R, Tonelli D, Torassa E, Trabelsi K, Tsaklidis I, Ueda I, Uematsu Y, Uglov T, Unger K, Unno Y, Uno K, Uno S, Urquijo P, Ushiroda Y, Vahsen SE, van Tonder R, Varner GS, Varvell KE, Vinokurova A, Vismaya VS, Vitale L, Vossen A, Wallner S, Wang E, Wang MZ, Wang XL, Warburton A, Watanabe M, Watanuki S, Welsch M, Wessel C, Won E, Xu XP, Yabsley BD, Yamada S, Yan W, Yang SB, Ye H, Yin JH, Yook YM, Yoshihara K, Zhai Y, Zhang Y, Zhilich V, Zhou QD, Zhou XY, Zhukova VI, Žlebčík R. Test of Light-Lepton Universality in the Rates of Inclusive Semileptonic B-Meson Decays at Belle II. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:051804. [PMID: 37595249 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.051804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
We present the first measurement of the ratio of branching fractions of inclusive semileptonic B-meson decays, R(X_{e/μ})=B(B→Xeν)/B(B→Xμν), a precision test of electron-muon universality, using data corresponding to 189 fb^{-1} from electron-positron collisions collected with the Belle II detector. In events where the partner B meson is fully reconstructed, we use fits to the lepton momentum spectra above 1.3 GeV/c to obtain R(X_{e/μ})=1.007±0.009(stat)±0.019(syst), which is the most precise lepton-universality test of its kind and agrees with the standard-model expectation.
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Bodrov D, Pakhlov P, Adachi I, Aihara H, Said SA, Asner DM, Atmacan H, Aushev T, Ayad R, Babu V, Banerjee S, Behera P, Belous K, Bennett J, Bessner M, Bhuyan B, Bilka T, Biswas D, Bobrov A, Bondar A, Borah J, Bozek A, Bračko M, Branchini P, Browder TE, Budano A, Campajola M, Červenkov D, Chang MC, Cheon BG, Chilikin K, Cho HE, Cho K, Cho SJ, Choi SK, Choi Y, Choudhury S, Cinabro D, Das S, De Nardo G, De Pietro G, Dhamija R, Di Capua F, Dingfelder J, Doležal Z, Dong TV, Epifanov D, Ferber T, Ferlewicz D, Fulsom BG, Gaur V, Garmash A, Giri A, Goldenzweig P, Graziani E, Greenwald D, Gu T, Guan Y, Gudkova K, Hadjivasiliou C, Halder S, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Hedges MT, Herrmann D, Hou WS, Hsu CL, Iijima T, Inami K, Ipsita N, Ishikawa A, Itoh R, Iwasaki M, Jacobs WW, Jang EJ, Ji QP, Jia S, Jin Y, Joo KK, Kalita D, Kaliyar AB, Kawasaki T, Kiesling C, Kim CH, Kim DY, Kim KH, Kim YK, Kindo H, Kinoshita K, Kodyš P, Korpar S, Križan P, Krokovny P, Kuhr T, Kumar M, Kumar R, Kumara K, Kwon YJ, Lange JS, Lee SC, Li J, Li LK, Libby J, Lieret K, Lin YR, Liventsev D, Luo T, Ma Y, Masuda M, Matsuda T, Maurya SK, Meier F, Merola M, Metzner F, Miyabayashi K, Mizuk R, Mohanty GB, Mussa R, Nakao M, Narwal D, Natkaniec Z, Natochii A, Nayak L, Nayak M, Nisar NK, Nishida S, Ogawa S, Oskin P, Pakhlova G, Pardi S, Park H, Park J, Park SH, Passeri A, Patra S, Paul S, Pestotnik R, Piilonen LE, Podobnik T, Prencipe E, Prim MT, Rabusov A, Rout N, Russo G, Sandilya S, Sangal A, Santelj L, Savinov V, Schnell G, Schwanda C, Seino Y, Senyo K, Shan W, Shapkin M, Sharma C, Shiu JG, Singh JB, Sokolov A, Solovieva E, Starič M, Stottler ZS, Sumihama M, Takizawa M, Tamponi U, Tanida K, Tenchini F, Tiwary R, Trabelsi K, Uchida M, Uglov T, Unno Y, Uno K, Uno S, Vahsen SE, Varner G, Vinokurova A, Vossen A, Wang D, Wang E, Wang MZ, Watanuki S, Werbycka O, Xu X, Yabsley BD, Yan W, Yang SB, Yelton J, Yin JH, Yuan CZ, Yusa Y, Zhang ZP, Zhilich V, Zhukova V. First Measurement of the Michel Parameter ξ^{'} in the τ^{-}→μ^{-}ν[over ¯]_{μ}ν_{τ} Decay at Belle. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:021801. [PMID: 37505960 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.021801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
We report the first measurement of the Michel parameter ξ^{'} in the τ^{-}→μ^{-}ν[over ¯]_{μ}ν_{τ} decay with a new method proposed just recently. The measurement is based on the reconstruction of the τ^{-}→μ^{-}ν[over ¯]_{μ}ν_{τ} events with subsequent muon decay in flight in the Belle central drift chamber. The analyzed data sample of 988 fb^{-1} collected by the Belle detector corresponds to approximately 912×10^{6} τ^{+}τ^{-} pairs. We measure ξ^{'}=0.22±0.94(stat)±0.42(syst), which is in agreement with the standard model prediction of ξ^{'}=1. Statistical uncertainty dominates in this study, being a limiting factor, while systematic uncertainty is well under control. Our analysis proved the practicability of this promising method and its prospects for further precise measurement in future experiments.
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Nomani K, Borthakur D, Sahni C, Kumar R. Complete Ossification of Transverse Acetabular Ligament - Embryological and Clinical Perspective. Clin Ter 2023; 174:326-330. [PMID: 37378501 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2023.2445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Transverse acetabular ligament (TAL) is one of the important ligaments, which provide stability to the hip joint. On rare occasions, it can get ossified leading to limited mobility of the hip joint. Ossified TAL also converts acetabular notch to a foramen and neurovascular structures passing through the notch can get compressed leading to ischaemic symptoms. During routine demonstration of hip bone to undergraduate students, complete ossification of TAL was found in a right sided hip bone. Present case report with this rare finding also includes a short review of literature impressing on embryological and clinical perspectives of ossified TAL. Ossification of this ligament can be caused by defective ossification of hip bone as three secondary ossification centres develop around the acetabulum in triradiate carti-lage. Also, this can be caused due to heterotopic ossification of TAL after an inflammatory or traumatic injury. This ligament is extremely important in total hip replacement surgery being utilised in determining the position of the acetabular component. Anatomical knowledge of abnormal ossification of TAL is imperative in diagnosis and treatment of various pathologies of the hip joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nomani
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
| | - D Borthakur
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
| | - C Sahni
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi; 3All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna
| | - R Kumar
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi; 3All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna
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Borthakur D, Dada R, Kumar R. Bilateral Bifid Tendon of Palmaris Longus - Advantageous in Tendon Transfer? Clin Ter 2023; 174:309-312. [PMID: 37378498 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2023.2541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Variable insertions of Palmaris longus (PL) muscle tendon is described by various authors. Presence of extra PL tendon is also described in literature. As autologus tendon grafting is a blooming arena of clinical research at present time, an additional tendinous slip of PL has promising scope for use as an autograft. Case Report We report here bilateral bitendinous distal attachment of PL muscle encountered during routine cadaveric dissection. The additional PL tendon in a multitendinous insertion pattern with optimum length and thickness is indeed an additional advantage from the point of view of autograft harvesting. This has also importance in understanding the unusual, altered symptomatology in compressive conditions. Conclusion Although relatively common, surgeons should be well aware of the various possible aversion of distal attachment of PL which might have significant impact in alteration of symptomatology of neurovascular compressions in the forearm and hand and while choosing an appropriate tendon autograft.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Borthakur
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R Dada
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
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Chaudhary B, Kumar P, Narayan R, Asghar A, Panchal P, Kumar R. Spina bifida occulta with the persistent spinous process in living: A three-dimensionally reconstructed sacrum from computed tomographic imaging. Clin Ter 2023; 174:313-317. [PMID: 37378499 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2023.2542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Here we aim to report the persistent spinous process in the 'pan sacral type' of spina bifida occulta in an asymptomatic male and discuss its clinical significance. The presence of this type of dorsal wall defect with a bony spur attached to it has never been described in the literature to the best of our knowledge after extensive literature search. Our work presents the first anatomic description where the spinous and paraspinous cleft are seen in a sacrum of a live subject. Case Report During a morphometric study of the sacra, normal subject computed tomography imaging (CT) was procured from the Department of Radio-diagnosis. A three-dimensional (3D) image of the sacrum was created using Dicom to Print and Geomagic freeform plus software. A complete dorsal wall defect was observed in a 3D reconstructed sacrum of an adult male. The sacral canal was converted into a groove with a bony spur hanging in the centre. The longitudinal bony spur attached to the lamina was the persistent spinous process. Conclusion Such congenital defects are clinically significant for the anaesthetist during caudal epidural block and for orthopaedic surgeons before any surgical procedure. It may be misdiagnosed as an abnormal bony injury on CT. Thus, it is essential to ensure that patients with congenital anomalies are not treated unnecessarily for spinal fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Chaudhary
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Patna, India
| | - P Kumar
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Patna, India
| | - R Narayan
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Patna, India
| | - A Asghar
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Patna, India
| | - P Panchal
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Patna, India
| | - R Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Patna, India
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Xiong Y, Gu J, Kumar R. Hybrid plaintext attack for a cryptosystem based on interference and the phase-retrieval technique. Appl Opt 2023; 62:4301-4309. [PMID: 37706921 DOI: 10.1364/ao.487661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the security strength of an enhanced cryptosystem based on interference and the phase-retrieval technique is evaluated. The security strength of the optical cryptosystem was improved through the phase-retrieval technique used to generate a phase-only mask (POM) as the ciphertext. Due to the complex mathematical model of the phase-retrieval technique, it seems that a silhouette problem existing in the conventional interference-based scheme was removed. However, we noted that the random phase mask (RPM) regarded as the only private key was fixed in the encryption path, which is not related to the plaintext and makes it possible to be recovered using a known-plaintext attack (KPA). Moreover, we also found that the RPM has high key sensitivity, and it should be recovered precisely to retrieve information of plaintexts during the attack. Thus, a hybrid KPA where three pairs of known plaintexts and their ciphertexts are regarded as the amplitude and phase constraints to obtain the precise estimation of the RPM is proposed. Then, with the help of the estimated private key, information of the original plaintexts encoded using the cryptosystem under study could be retrieved from an arbitrarily given ciphertext without any knowledge of the private key. Our cryptoanalysis shows that the cryptosystem based on interference and the phase-retrieval technique is vulnerable to the proposed attack, and there is a security leak in it. Numerical simulations have been carried out to demonstrate the performance of our proposed attack.
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Lai YT, Adachi I, Aihara H, Al Said S, Asner DM, Atmacan H, Aulchenko V, Aushev T, Ayad R, Babu V, Bahinipati S, Behera P, Belous K, Bennett J, Bessner M, Bhuyan B, Bilka T, Bobrov A, Borah J, Bozek A, Bračko M, Branchini P, Browder TE, Budano A, Campajola M, Červenkov D, Chang MC, Chang P, Chekelian V, Chen A, Cheon BG, Chilikin K, Cho HE, Cho K, Cho SJ, Choi SK, Choi Y, Cinabro D, Cunliffe S, Czank T, Das S, De Nardo G, De Pietro G, Dhamija R, Di Capua F, Dingfelder J, Doležal Z, Dong TV, Ferber T, Fulsom BG, Garg R, Gaur V, Gabyshev N, Giri A, Goldenzweig P, Graziani E, Gu T, Guan Y, Gudkova K, Hadjivasiliou C, Halder S, Hartbrich O, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Higuchi T, Hou WS, Hsu CL, Iijima T, Inami K, Ishikawa A, Itoh R, Iwasaki M, Iwasaki Y, Jacobs WW, Jang EJ, Jia S, Jin Y, Kaliyar AB, Kang KH, Kim CH, Kim DY, Kim KH, Kim YK, Kinoshita K, Kodyš P, Konno T, Korobov A, Korpar S, Kovalenko E, Križan P, Krokovny P, Kumar M, Kumar R, Kumara K, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lam T, Lange JS, Laurenza M, Lee SC, Levit D, Li J, Li LK, Li YB, Li Gioi L, Libby J, Lieret K, Liventsev D, Martini A, Masuda M, Matvienko D, Meier F, Merola M, Metzner F, Mizuk R, Mohanty GB, Moon TJ, Mrvar M, Mussa R, Nakao M, Natochii A, Nayak L, Nisar NK, Nishida S, Ogawa S, Pakhlova G, Pang T, Pardi S, Park H, Park SH, Passeri A, Patra S, Paul S, Pedlar TK, Pestotnik R, Piilonen LE, Podobnik T, Prencipe E, Prim MT, Rostomyan A, Rout N, Russo G, Sahoo D, Sakai Y, Sandilya S, Sangal A, Santelj L, Sanuki T, Savinov V, Schnell G, Schueler J, Schwanda C, Seino Y, Senyo K, Sevior ME, Shapkin M, Sharma C, Shen CP, Shiu JG, Singh JB, Sokolov A, Solovieva E, Starič M, Stottler ZS, Strube JF, Sumihama M, Sumisawa K, Sutcliffe W, Takizawa M, Tamponi U, Tanida K, Tenchini F, Trabelsi K, Uglov T, Unno Y, Uno K, Uno S, Urquijo P, van Tonder R, Varner G, Varvell KE, Vinokurova A, Vossen A, Waheed E, Wang CH, Wang XL, Watanabe M, Watanuki S, Won E, Yabsley BD, Yan W, Yang SB, Ye H, Yelton J, Zhai Y, Zhang ZP, Zhilich V, Zhukova V. First Measurement of the B^{+}→π^{+}π^{0}π^{0} Branching Fraction and CP Asymmetry. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:181804. [PMID: 37204904 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.181804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We study B^{+}→π^{+}π^{0}π^{0} using 711 fb^{-1} of data collected at the ϒ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e^{+}e^{-} collider. We measure an inclusive branching fraction of (19.0±1.5±1.4)×10^{-6} and an inclusive CP asymmetry of (9.2±6.8±0.7)%, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic, and a B^{+}→ρ(770)^{+}π^{0} branching fraction of (11.2±1.1±0.9_{-1.6}^{+0.8})×10^{-6}, where the third uncertainty is due to possible interference with B^{+}→ρ(1450)^{+}π^{0}. We present the first observation of a structure around 1 GeV/c^{2} in the π^{0}π^{0} mass spectrum, with a significance of 6.4σ, and measure a branching fraction to be (6.9±0.9±0.6)×10^{-6}. We also report a measurement of local CP asymmetry in this structure.
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Adachi I, Adamczyk K, Aggarwal L, Ahmed H, Aihara H, Akopov N, Aloisio A, Anh Ky N, Asner DM, Aushev T, Aushev V, Bae H, Bahinipati S, Bambade P, Banerjee S, Baudot J, Bauer M, Baur A, Beaubien A, Becker J, Behera PK, Bennett JV, Bernieri E, Bernlochner FU, Bertacchi V, Bertemes M, Bertholet E, Bessner M, Bettarini S, Bhuyan B, Bianchi F, Bilka T, Bilokin S, Biswas D, Bodrov D, Bolz A, Borah J, Bozek A, Bračko M, Branchini P, Browder TE, Budano A, Bussino S, Campajola M, Cao L, Casarosa G, Cecchi C, Chang MC, Chang P, Cheaib R, Cheema P, Chekelian V, Chen YQ, Cheon BG, Chilikin K, Chirapatpimol K, Cho HE, Cho K, Cho SJ, Choi SK, Choudhury S, Cinabro D, Corona L, Cunliffe S, Das S, Dattola F, De La Cruz-Burelo E, De La Motte SA, De Nardo G, De Nuccio M, De Pietro G, de Sangro R, Destefanis M, Dey S, De Yta-Hernandez A, Dhamija R, Di Canto A, Di Capua F, Dingfelder J, Doležal Z, Domínguez Jiménez I, Dong TV, Dorigo M, Dort K, Dossett D, Dreyer S, Dubey S, Dujany G, Ecker P, Eliachevitch M, Epifanov D, Feichtinger P, Ferber T, Ferlewicz D, Fillinger T, Finck C, Finocchiaro G, Flood K, Fodor A, Forti F, Fulsom BG, Gabrielli A, Ganiev E, Garcia-Hernandez M, Gaur V, Gaz A, Gellrich A, Ghevondyan G, Giordano R, Giri A, Glazov A, Gobbo B, Godang R, Goldenzweig P, Gradl W, Granderath S, Graziani E, Greenwald D, Gruberová Z, Gu T, Gudkova K, Guilliams J, Hara T, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Hazra S, Hearty C, Heredia de la Cruz I, Hernández Villanueva M, Hershenhorn A, Higuchi T, Hill EC, Hohmann M, Hsu CL, Humair T, Iijima T, Inami K, Inguglia G, Ipsita N, Ishikawa A, Ito S, Itoh R, Iwasaki M, Jackson P, Jacobs WW, Jaffe DE, Jang EJ, Ji QP, Jia S, Jin Y, Joo KK, Junkerkalefeld H, Kakuno H, Kaliyar AB, Kandra J, Kang KH, Kang S, Karl R, Karyan G, Kiesling C, Kim CH, Kim DY, Kim KH, Kim YK, Kindo H, Kinoshita K, Kodyš P, Koga T, Kohani S, Kojima K, Konno T, Korobov A, Korpar S, Kovalenko E, Kowalewski R, Kraetzschmar TMG, Križan P, Krokovny P, Kuhr T, Kumar J, Kumar R, Kumara K, Kunigo T, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lacaprara S, Lam T, Lanceri L, Lange JS, Laurenza M, Lautenbach K, Leboucher R, Le Diberder FR, Leitl P, Lewis PM, Li C, Li LK, Li YB, Libby J, Lieret K, Liptak Z, Liu QY, Liventsev D, Longo S, Lozar A, Lueck T, Luo T, Lyu C, Maggiora M, Maiti R, Maity S, Manfredi R, Manoni E, Manthei A, Marcello S, Marinas C, Martel L, Martini A, Martinov T, Massaccesi L, Masuda M, Matsuda T, Matsuoka K, Matvienko D, Maurya SK, McKenna JA, Meier F, Merola M, Metzner F, Milesi M, Miller C, Miyabayashi K, Mizuk R, Mohanty GB, Molina-Gonzalez N, Moneta S, Moser HG, Mrvar M, Mussa R, Nakamura I, Nakamura KR, Nakao M, Nakayama H, Nakazawa Y, Narimani Charan A, Naruki M, Natochii A, Nayak L, Nayak M, Nazaryan G, Niebuhr C, Nisar NK, Nishida S, Ogawa S, Ono H, Onuki Y, Oskin P, Pakhlov P, Pakhlova G, Paladino A, Panta A, Paoloni E, Pardi S, Parham K, Park H, Park SH, Paschen B, Passeri A, Patra S, Paul S, Pedlar TK, Peruzzi I, Peschke R, Pestotnik R, Pham F, Piccolo M, Piilonen LE, Pinna Angioni G, Podesta-Lerma PLM, Podobnik T, Pokharel S, Polat L, Praz C, Prell S, Prencipe E, Prim MT, Purwar H, Rad N, Rados P, Raeuber G, Raiz S, Ramirez Morales A, Reif M, Reiter S, Remnev M, Ripp-Baudot I, Rizzo G, Robertson SH, Rodríguez Pérez D, Roney JM, Rostomyan A, Rout N, Russo G, Sanders DA, Sandilya S, Sangal A, Santelj L, Sato Y, Savinov V, Scavino B, Schueler J, Schwanda C, Seino Y, Selce A, Senyo K, Serrano J, Sevior ME, Sfienti C, Shen CP, Shi XD, Shillington T, Shiu JG, Shwartz B, Sibidanov A, Simon F, Singh JB, Skorupa J, Sobie RJ, Soffer A, Sokolov A, Solovieva E, Spataro S, Spruck B, Starič M, Stefkova S, Stottler ZS, Stroili R, Strube J, Sue Y, Sumihama M, Sumisawa K, Sutcliffe W, Suzuki SY, Svidras H, Takizawa M, Tamponi U, Tanida K, Tanigawa H, Tenchini F, Thaller A, Tiwary R, Tonelli D, Torassa E, Toutounji N, Trabelsi K, Uchida M, Ueda I, Uematsu Y, Uglov T, Unger K, Unno Y, Uno K, Uno S, Ushiroda Y, Vahsen SE, van Tonder R, Varner GS, Varvell KE, Vinokurova A, Vitale L, Vobbilisetti V, Wakeling HM, Wang E, Wang MZ, Wang XL, Warburton A, Watanabe M, Watanuki S, Welsch M, Wessel C, Wiechczynski J, Xu XP, Yabsley BD, Yamada S, Yan W, Yang SB, Ye H, Yelton J, Yin JH, Yook YM, Yoshihara K, Yuan CZ, Yusa Y, Zani L, Zhang Y, Zhilich V, Zhou QD, Zhou XY, Zhukova VI, Žlebčík R. Search for Lepton-Flavor-Violating τ Decays to a Lepton and an Invisible Boson at Belle II. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:181803. [PMID: 37204890 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.181803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We search for lepton-flavor-violating τ^{-}→e^{-}α and τ^{-}→μ^{-}α decays, where α is an invisible spin-0 boson. The search uses electron-positron collisions at 10.58 GeV center-of-mass energy with an integrated luminosity of 62.8 fb^{-1}, produced by the SuperKEKB collider and collected with the Belle II detector. We search for an excess in the lepton-energy spectrum of the known τ^{-}→e^{-}ν[over ¯]_{e}ν_{τ} and τ^{-}→μ^{-}ν[over ¯]_{μ}ν_{τ} decays. We report 95% confidence-level upper limits on the branching-fraction ratio B(τ^{-}→e^{-}α)/B(τ^{-}→e^{-}ν[over ¯]_{e}ν_{τ}) in the range (1.1-9.7)×10^{-3} and on B(τ^{-}→μ^{-}α)/B(τ^{-}→μ^{-}ν[over ¯]_{μ}ν_{τ}) in the range (0.7-12.2)×10^{-3} for α masses between 0 and 1.6 GeV/c^{2}. These results provide the most stringent bounds on invisible boson production from τ decays.
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