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Andica C, Kamagata K, Takabayashi K, Mahemuti Z, Hagiwara A, Aoki S. Reduced Diffusivity Along Perivascular Spaces on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Associated with Younger Age of First Use and Cognitive Impairment in Recreational Marijuana Users. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2024:ajnr.A8215. [PMID: 38383055 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a8215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The impairment of the glymphatic system, a perivascular network crucial for brain waste clearance, has been linked to cognitive impairment, potentially attributed to the accumulation of brain waste. Although marijuana use has been associated with poorer cognitive performance, particularly in adolescents, its influence on the glymphatic system remains unexplored. This study evaluated the influence of the age of first marijuana use and the total number of lifetime uses on the glymphatic system, measured using the index of diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS). Furthermore, we explored the correlation between glymphatic clearance and cognitive performance among marijuana users.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 125 individuals who reported using marijuana at least once in their lifetime (43 men; mean age, 28.60 ± 3.84 years) and 125 individuals with zero lifetime cannabis use (nonusers; 44 men; mean age, 28.82 ± 3.56 years) were assessed. ALPS indices of all study participants were calculated using 3T diffusion MRI data (b = 1,000 s/mm2).RESULTS: After adjusting for age, sex, education years, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, alcohol use, tobacco use, and intracranial volume, our analysis using a univariate general linear model revealed no significant difference in the ALPS index among nonusers and marijuana users with different ages of first use or various frequencies of lifetime usage. However, in marijuana users, multiple linear regression analyses showed associations between a lower ALPS index and earlier age of first marijuana use (standardized β, -0.20; P = 0.041), lower accuracy in the working memory 0-back task (standardized β, 0.20; P = 0.042), and fewer correct responses in the fluid intelligence test (standardized β, 0.19; P = 0.045).CONCLUSIONS: This study shows the potential use of DTI-ALPS as a noninvasive indirect indicator of the glymphatic clearance in young adults. Our findings show novel adverse effects of younger age at first use of marijuana on glymphatic system function, which is associated with impaired working memory and fluid intelligence. Gaining insights into alterations in glymphatic function following marijuana use could initiate novel strategies to reduce risk of cognitive impairment.ABBREVIATIONS: ALPS = Along the perivascular space; FA = Fractional anisotropy; ICV = Intracranial volume; ISF = Interstitial fluid; MLR = Multiple linear regression; PSQI = Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; ROI = Region of interest; SSAGA = Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism; VIF = Variance inflation factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Andica
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (C.A.; K.K.; Z.M.; A.H.; S.A.), Faculty of Health Data Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan (A.A.; S.A.)
| | - Koji Kamagata
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (C.A.; K.K.; Z.M.; A.H.; S.A.), Faculty of Health Data Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan (A.A.; S.A.)
| | - Kaito Takabayashi
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (C.A.; K.K.; Z.M.; A.H.; S.A.), Faculty of Health Data Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan (A.A.; S.A.)
| | - Zaimire Mahemuti
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (C.A.; K.K.; Z.M.; A.H.; S.A.), Faculty of Health Data Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan (A.A.; S.A.)
| | - Akifumi Hagiwara
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (C.A.; K.K.; Z.M.; A.H.; S.A.), Faculty of Health Data Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan (A.A.; S.A.)
| | - S Aoki
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (C.A.; K.K.; Z.M.; A.H.; S.A.), Faculty of Health Data Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan (A.A.; S.A.)
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Wakatsuki M, Makishima H, Mori Y, Kaneko T, Yasuda S, Okada N, Nakajima M, Murata K, Okonogi N, Aoki S, Ishikawa H, Yamada S. Clinical Outcomes of Carbon-Ion Radiotherapy for Large-Sized (≥4cm) Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e348. [PMID: 37785207 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Radical treatment options for bulky unresectable locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are limited. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of carbon-ion radiotherapy (C-ion RT) for bulky (≥4cm) locally advanced HCC. MATERIALS/METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with bulky (≥4cm) locally advanced HCC treated by C-ion RT between April 2000 and March 2020 in our institution. The eligibility criteria for this study were: (1) the treatment protocols of 45.0-48.0 Gy/2 fractions or 52.8-60.0 Gy/4 fractions, which proven the safety and efficacy in the past clinical trials; (2) Tumors within 3 intrahepatic lesions and with a maximum tumor diameter of 4 cm or greater; (3) N0M0 status; (4) an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 to 2; (5) controllable ascites; (6) Child-Pugh grade was A or B. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and local control rate (LC) were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and Cox regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis. Adverse events were evaluated by CTCAE ver. 5.0. JMP® 12 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA) was used for all analyses. We defined p < 0.05 as statistically significant. RESULTS A total of 187 patients met the criteria and were evaluated. The median patient age was 73 years (range, 37-90), and 139 of 187 patients were male. Child-Pugh grade was A in 163 patients and B in 24. Modified albumin-bilirubin (mALBI) grade was 1 in 96 patients, 2a in 50, and 2b in 41. The number of HCV-related HCC cases was in 80, HBV in 32 and non-B and non-C in 75. In 51 patients, identification of vascular invasion to the first-order branch of the portal vein and/or major hepatic vein was confirmed. The median maximum tumor diameter was 5.1 cm (4.0-13.5 cm). In 76 patients, C-ion RT were treated for recurrence. With a median follow-up period of 25.9 months (range, 1.1-215.1), 2-year overall survival, progression-free survival and local control rates were 68.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 64.7-72.0%), 39.0% (95% CI, 35.2 - 42.8%) and 86.7% (95% CI, 84.7 - 89.7%), respectively. Late adverse events were observed in 3 patients (1.6%) with Grade 3 liver dysfunction and in 3 patients (1.6%) with Grade 3 skin disorders, but there were no cases of Grade 4 or higher. Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors for overall survival revealed that mALBI grade in 2b(HR:3.13, 1.97-4.78, p<0.0001), tumor status in recurrent treatment (HR:1.50, 1.02-2.21, p = 0.039), the number of tumors in 2 or more (HR:2.16, 1.01-2.17, p = 0.045), and maximum tumor diameter in larger than 6 cm (HR:2.34, 1.50-3.61, p = 0.0001) were the predominant prognostic factors, while age, presence of vascular invasion, AFP and DCP were not. CONCLUSION The safety and efficacy of C-ion RT for bulky (≥4cm) locally advanced HCC was demonstrated. These results suggested that C-ion RT may be a new treatment option for locally advanced bulky HCC with no curative treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wakatsuki
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - H Makishima
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan; Departement of Radiation Oncology and Proton Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Y Mori
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - T Kaneko
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan; Department of Radiation Oncology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - S Yasuda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chiba Rosai Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - M Nakajima
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Murata
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - N Okonogi
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - S Aoki
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - H Ishikawa
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - S Yamada
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
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Mori Y, Wakatsuki M, Makishima H, Takashi K, Ishikawa H, Yasuda S, Okada N, Nakajima M, Murata K, Okonogi N, Aoki S, Yamada S. Long-Term Clinical Outcome of Carbon Ion Radio Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Caudate Lobe. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e326-e327. [PMID: 37785158 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Surgical resection is the first-line treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma in the caudate lobe (caudate HCC), but it is often difficult due to the tumor's location. In addition, radiofrequency ablation and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization are also difficult for the same reason. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of carbon-ion radiation therapy (C-ion RT) for caudate HCC. MATERIALS/METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated by C-ion RT between April 2000 and March 2020 in our institution. The eligibility criteria for this study were: (1) located mainly in the caudate lobe (2) the treatment protocols of 45.0-48.0 Gy/2 fractions or 52.8-60.0 Gy/4 fractions, which proved the safety and efficacy in the past clinical trials; (3) N0M0 status; (4) an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (PS) of 0 to 2; (5) controllable ascites. The prescribed dose (Gy) used in this study is relative biological effectiveness (RBE) weighted dose. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and local control rate (LC) were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Adverse events were evaluated by NCI-CTCAE ver. 5.0. SPSS software version 27.0 (IBM Inc.) was used for all analyses. We defined p-value < 0.05 as statistically significant. RESULTS A total of 25 patients met the criteria and were evaluated. The median patient age was 73 years (range 58-89), and 21 of 25 patients were male. The number of patients with PS 0 was 22, PS 1 was 1, and PS 2 was 2. The number of HBV-related HCC cases was in 8, HCV-related HCC cases was in 11, and non-B and non-C cases was in 6. The median maximum tumor diameter was 3.0 cm (1.1-4.8 cm). In 6 patients, identification of vascular invasion to the main trunk of the portal vein and/or major hepatic vein was confirmed. The Child-Pugh (CP) grade was A in 21 patients and B in 4. The modified albumin-bilirubin (mALBI) grade 1 is in 17 patients, 2a in 4, 2b in 4. Prescribed doses were 45 Gy / 2 fr in 3 cases, 48 Gy / 2 fr in 12 cases, 52.8 Gy / 4 fr in 7 cases, and 60 Gy / 4 fr in 3 cases. With a median follow-up period of 43.6 months (range 0.3-85.0), 3-year OS, PFS, and LC were 74% (95% confidence interval [CI], 54.8-93.8%), 32% (95% CI, 11.8-51.4%), and 93% (95% CI, 79.4-106%), respectively. All patients had no Grade 2 or higher adverse events during the observation period. CONCLUSION The safety and efficacy of C-ion RT for caudate HCC were demonstrated. These results suggested that C-ion RT may be a promising treatment option for patients with caudate HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Mori
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Wakatsuki
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - H Makishima
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Takashi
- Yamagata university hospital, Yamagata, Japan
| | - H Ishikawa
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - S Yasuda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chiba Rosai Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - M Nakajima
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Murata
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - N Okonogi
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - S Aoki
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - S Yamada
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
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Abe K, Akhlaq N, Akutsu R, Ali A, Alonso Monsalve S, Alt C, Andreopoulos C, Antonova M, Aoki S, Arihara T, Asada Y, Ashida Y, Atkin ET, Barbi M, Barker GJ, Barr G, Barrow D, Batkiewicz-Kwasniak M, Bench F, Berardi V, Berns L, Bhadra S, Blanchet A, Blondel A, Bolognesi S, Bonus T, Bordoni S, Boyd SB, Bravar A, Bronner C, Bron S, Bubak A, Buizza Avanzini M, Caballero JA, Calabria NF, Cao S, Carabadjac D, Carter AJ, Cartwright SL, Catanesi MG, Cervera A, Chakrani J, Cherdack D, Chong PS, Christodoulou G, Chvirova A, Cicerchia M, Coleman J, Collazuol G, Cook L, Cudd A, Dalmazzone C, Daret T, Davydov YI, De Roeck A, De Rosa G, Dealtry T, Delogu CC, Densham C, Dergacheva A, Di Lodovico F, Dolan S, Douqa D, Doyle TA, Drapier O, Dumarchez J, Dunne P, Dygnarowicz K, Eguchi A, Emery-Schrenk S, Erofeev G, Ershova A, Eurin G, Fedorova D, Fedotov S, Feltre M, Finch AJ, Fiorentini Aguirre GA, Fiorillo G, Fitton MD, Franco Patiño JM, Friend M, Fujii Y, Fukuda Y, Fusshoeller K, Giannessi L, Giganti C, Glagolev V, Gonin M, González Rosa J, Goodman EAG, Gorin A, Grassi M, Guigue M, Hadley DR, Haigh JT, Hamacher-Baumann P, Harris DA, Hartz M, Hasegawa T, Hassani S, Hastings NC, Hayato Y, Henaff D, Hiramoto A, Hogan M, Holeczek J, Holin A, Holvey T, Hong Van NT, Honjo T, Iacob F, Ichikawa AK, Ikeda M, Ishida T, Ishitsuka M, Israel HT, Iwamoto K, Izmaylov A, Izumi N, Jakkapu M, Jamieson B, Jenkins SJ, Jesús-Valls C, Jiang JJ, Jonsson P, Joshi S, Jung CK, Jurj PB, Kabirnezhad M, Kaboth AC, Kajita T, Kakuno H, Kameda J, Kasetti SP, Kataoka Y, Katayama Y, Katori T, Kawaue M, Kearns E, Khabibullin M, Khotjantsev A, Kikawa T, Kikutani H, King S, Kiseeva V, Kisiel J, Kobata T, Kobayashi H, Kobayashi T, Koch L, Kodama S, Konaka A, Kormos LL, Koshio Y, Kostin A, Koto T, Kowalik K, Kudenko Y, Kudo Y, Kuribayashi S, Kurjata R, Kutter T, Kuze M, La Commara M, Labarga L, Lachner K, Lagoda J, Lakshmi SM, Lamers James M, Lamoureux M, Langella A, Laporte JF, Last D, Latham N, Laveder M, Lavitola L, Lawe M, Lee Y, Lin C, Lin SK, Litchfield RP, Liu SL, Li W, Longhin A, Long KR, Lopez Moreno A, Ludovici L, Lu X, Lux T, Machado LN, Magaletti L, Mahn K, Malek M, Mandal M, Manly S, Marino AD, Marti-Magro L, Martin DGR, Martini M, Martin JF, Maruyama T, Matsubara T, Matveev V, Mauger C, Mavrokoridis K, Mazzucato E, McCauley N, McElwee J, McFarland KS, McGrew C, McKean J, Mefodiev A, Megias GD, Mehta P, Mellet L, Metelko C, Mezzetto M, Miller E, Minamino A, Mineev O, Mine S, Miura M, Molina Bueno L, Moriyama S, Moriyama S, Morrison P, Mueller TA, Munford D, Munteanu L, Nagai K, Nagai Y, Nakadaira T, Nakagiri K, Nakahata M, Nakajima Y, Nakamura A, Nakamura H, Nakamura K, Nakamura KD, Nakano Y, Nakayama S, Nakaya T, Nakayoshi K, Naseby CER, Ngoc TV, Nguyen VQ, Niewczas K, Nishimori S, Nishimura Y, Nishizaki K, Nosek T, Nova F, Novella P, Nugent JC, O’Keeffe HM, O’Sullivan L, Odagawa T, Ogawa T, Okada R, Okinaga W, Okumura K, Okusawa T, Ospina N, Owen RA, Oyama Y, Palladino V, Paolone V, Pari M, Parlone J, Parsa S, Pasternak J, Pavin M, Payne D, Penn GC, Pershey D, Pickering L, Pidcott C, Pintaudi G, Pistillo C, Popov B, Porwit K, Posiadala-Zezula M, Prabhu YS, Pupilli F, Quilain B, Radermacher T, Radicioni E, Radics B, Ramírez MA, Ratoff PN, Reh M, Riccio C, Rondio E, Roth S, Roy N, Rubbia A, Ruggeri AC, Ruggles CA, Rychter A, Sakashita K, Sánchez F, Santucci G, Schloesser CM, Scholberg K, Scott M, Seiya Y, Sekiguchi T, Sekiya H, Sgalaberna D, Shaikhiev A, Shaker F, Shaykina A, Shiozawa M, Shorrock W, Shvartsman A, Skrobova N, Skwarczynski K, Smyczek D, Smy M, Sobczyk JT, Sobel H, Soler FJP, Sonoda Y, Speers AJ, Spina R, Suslov IA, Suvorov S, Suzuki A, Suzuki SY, Suzuki Y, Sztuc AA, Tada M, Tairafune S, Takayasu S, Takeda A, Takeuchi Y, Takifuji K, Tanaka HK, Tanihara Y, Tani M, Teklu A, Tereshchenko VV, Teshima N, Thamm N, Thompson LF, Toki W, Touramanis C, Towstego T, Tsui KM, Tsukamoto T, Tzanov M, Uchida Y, Vagins M, Vargas D, Varghese M, Vasseur G, Vilela C, Villa E, Vinning WGS, Virginet U, Vladisavljevic T, Wachala T, Walsh JG, Wang Y, Wan L, Wark D, Wascko MO, Weber A, Wendell R, Wilking MJ, Wilkinson C, Wilson JR, Wood K, Wret C, Xia J, Xu YH, Yamamoto K, Yamamoto T, Yanagisawa C, Yang G, Yano T, Yasutome K, Yershov N, Yevarouskaya U, Yokoyama M, Yoshimoto Y, Yoshimura N, Yu M, Zaki R, Zalewska A, Zalipska J, Zaremba K, Zarnecki G, Zhao X, Zhu T, Ziembicki M, Zimmerman ED, Zito M, Zsoldos S. Measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters from the T2K experiment using 3.6×1021 protons on target. Eur Phys J C Part Fields 2023; 83:782. [PMID: 37680254 PMCID: PMC10480298 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11819-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The T2K experiment presents new measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters using 19.7 ( 16.3 ) × 10 20 protons on target (POT) in (anti-)neutrino mode at the far detector (FD). Compared to the previous analysis, an additional 4.7 × 10 20 POT neutrino data was collected at the FD. Significant improvements were made to the analysis methodology, with the near-detector analysis introducing new selections and using more than double the data. Additionally, this is the first T2K oscillation analysis to use NA61/SHINE data on a replica of the T2K target to tune the neutrino flux model, and the neutrino interaction model was improved to include new nuclear effects and calculations. Frequentist and Bayesian analyses are presented, including results on sin 2 θ 13 and the impact of priors on the δ CP measurement. Both analyses prefer the normal mass ordering and upper octant of sin 2 θ 23 with a nearly maximally CP-violating phase. Assuming the normal ordering and using the constraint on sin 2 θ 13 from reactors, sin 2 θ 23 = 0 . 561 - 0.032 + 0.021 using Feldman-Cousins corrected intervals, and Δ m 32 2 = 2 . 494 - 0.058 + 0.041 × 10 - 3 eV 2 using constant Δ χ 2 intervals. The CP-violating phase is constrained to δ CP = - 1 . 97 - 0.70 + 0.97 using Feldman-Cousins corrected intervals, and δ CP = 0 , π is excluded at more than 90% confidence level. A Jarlskog invariant of zero is excluded at more than 2 σ credible level using a flat prior in δ CP , and just below 2 σ using a flat prior in sin δ CP . When the external constraint on sin 2 θ 13 is removed, sin 2 θ 13 = 28 . 0 - 6.5 + 2.8 × 10 - 3 , in agreement with measurements from reactor experiments. These results are consistent with previous T2K analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Abe
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - N. Akhlaq
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - R. Akutsu
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - A. Ali
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC Canada
- Department of Physics, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB Canada
| | - S. Alonso Monsalve
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C. Alt
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C. Andreopoulos
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - M. Antonova
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - S. Aoki
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - T. Arihara
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y. Asada
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Y. Ashida
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - E. T. Atkin
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - M. Barbi
- Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan Canada
| | - G. J. Barker
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - G. Barr
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - D. Barrow
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | | | - F. Bench
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - V. Berardi
- Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - L. Berns
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi Japan
| | - S. Bhadra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - A. Blanchet
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A. Blondel
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - S. Bolognesi
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - T. Bonus
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - S. Bordoni
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S. B. Boyd
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - A. Bravar
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C. Bronner
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - S. Bron
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - A. Bubak
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - M. Buizza Avanzini
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France
| | - J. A. Caballero
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
| | - N. F. Calabria
- Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - S. Cao
- Institute For Interdisciplinary Research in Science and Education (IFIRSE), ICISE, Quy Nhon, Vietnam
| | - D. Carabadjac
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A. J. Carter
- Department of Physics, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey UK
| | - S. L. Cartwright
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - M. G. Catanesi
- Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - A. Cervera
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - J. Chakrani
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France
| | - D. Cherdack
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX USA
| | - P. S. Chong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - G. Christodoulou
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - A. Chvirova
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M. Cicerchia
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Legnaro, Italy
| | - J. Coleman
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - G. Collazuol
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - L. Cook
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - A. Cudd
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO USA
| | - C. Dalmazzone
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - T. Daret
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Yu. I. Davydov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region Russia
| | - A. De Roeck
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - G. De Rosa
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - T. Dealtry
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - C. C. Delogu
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - C. Densham
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Harwell, Oxford, UK
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A. Dergacheva
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - F. Di Lodovico
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS UK
| | - S. Dolan
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - D. Douqa
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - T. A. Doyle
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - O. Drapier
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France
| | - J. Dumarchez
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - P. Dunne
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - K. Dygnarowicz
- Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A. Eguchi
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S. Emery-Schrenk
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - G. Erofeev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. Ershova
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - G. Eurin
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D. Fedorova
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S. Fedotov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M. Feltre
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - A. J. Finch
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | | | - G. Fiorillo
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - M. D. Fitton
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Harwell, Oxford, UK
| | - J. M. Franco Patiño
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
| | - M. Friend
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - Y. Fujii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - Y. Fukuda
- Department of Physics, Miyagi University of Education, Sendai, Japan
| | - K. Fusshoeller
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - L. Giannessi
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C. Giganti
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - V. Glagolev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region Russia
| | - M. Gonin
- ILANCE, CNRS-University of Tokyo International Research Laboratory, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582 Japan
| | - J. González Rosa
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
| | - E. A. G. Goodman
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - A. Gorin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M. Grassi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - M. Guigue
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - D. R. Hadley
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - J. T. Haigh
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | | | - D. A. Harris
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - M. Hartz
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - T. Hasegawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - S. Hassani
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - N. C. Hastings
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - Y. Hayato
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - D. Henaff
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A. Hiramoto
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M. Hogan
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado USA
| | - J. Holeczek
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - A. Holin
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Harwell, Oxford, UK
| | - T. Holvey
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - N. T. Hong Van
- International Centre of Physics, Institute of Physics (IOP), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 10 Dao Tan, Ba Dinh, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - T. Honjo
- Department of Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - F. Iacob
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - A. K. Ichikawa
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi Japan
| | - M. Ikeda
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T. Ishida
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - M. Ishitsuka
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba Japan
| | - H. T. Israel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - K. Iwamoto
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A. Izmaylov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - N. Izumi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba Japan
| | - M. Jakkapu
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - B. Jamieson
- Department of Physics, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB Canada
| | - S. J. Jenkins
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - C. Jesús-Valls
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
| | - J. J. Jiang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - P. Jonsson
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - S. Joshi
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C. K. Jung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - P. B. Jurj
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - M. Kabirnezhad
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - A. C. Kaboth
- Department of Physics, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey UK
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Harwell, Oxford, UK
| | - T. Kajita
- Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H. Kakuno
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J. Kameda
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - S. P. Kasetti
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA USA
| | - Y. Kataoka
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y. Katayama
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - T. Katori
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS UK
| | - M. Kawaue
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - E. Kearns
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA USA
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M. Khabibullin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. Khotjantsev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - T. Kikawa
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H. Kikutani
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S. King
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS UK
| | - V. Kiseeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region Russia
| | - J. Kisiel
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - T. Kobata
- Department of Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - H. Kobayashi
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T. Kobayashi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - L. Koch
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - S. Kodama
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - L. L. Kormos
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Y. Koshio
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A. Kostin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - T. Koto
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K. Kowalik
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Y. Kudenko
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), Moscow Region, Russia and National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, Moscow, Russia
| | - Y. Kudo
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - R. Kurjata
- Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T. Kutter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA USA
| | - M. Kuze
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M. La Commara
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - L. Labarga
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University Autonoma Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - K. Lachner
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - J. Lagoda
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S. M. Lakshmi
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M. Lamers James
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Harwell, Oxford, UK
| | - M. Lamoureux
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - A. Langella
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - J.-F. Laporte
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D. Last
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - N. Latham
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - M. Laveder
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - L. Lavitola
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - M. Lawe
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Y. Lee
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - C. Lin
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - S.-K. Lin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA USA
| | - R. P. Litchfield
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - S. L. Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - W. Li
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - A. Longhin
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - K. R. Long
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Harwell, Oxford, UK
| | - A. Lopez Moreno
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS UK
| | - L. Ludovici
- INFN Sezione di Roma and Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - X. Lu
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - T. Lux
- Institut de Fisica d’Altes Energies (IFAE)-The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain
| | - L. N. Machado
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - L. Magaletti
- Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - K. Mahn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - M. Malek
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - M. Mandal
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S. Manly
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA
| | - A. D. Marino
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO USA
| | - L. Marti-Magro
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - M. Martini
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
- IPSA-DRII, Ivry-sur-Seine, France
| | - J. F. Martin
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - T. Maruyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - T. Matsubara
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - V. Matveev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - C. Mauger
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - K. Mavrokoridis
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - E. Mazzucato
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - N. McCauley
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - J. McElwee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - K. S. McFarland
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA
| | - C. McGrew
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - J. McKean
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - A. Mefodiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - G. D. Megias
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
| | - P. Mehta
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - L. Mellet
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - C. Metelko
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - M. Mezzetto
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - E. Miller
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS UK
| | - A. Minamino
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - O. Mineev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S. Mine
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - M. Miura
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - S. Moriyama
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S. Moriyama
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - P. Morrison
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Th. A. Mueller
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France
| | - D. Munford
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX USA
| | - L. Munteanu
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - K. Nagai
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Y. Nagai
- Department of Atomic Physics, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - T. Nakadaira
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - K. Nakagiri
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M. Nakahata
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y. Nakajima
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A. Nakamura
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - H. Nakamura
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba Japan
| | - K. Nakamura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - K. D. Nakamura
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi Japan
| | - Y. Nakano
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - S. Nakayama
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T. Nakaya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K. Nakayoshi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | | | - T. V. Ngoc
- Institute For Interdisciplinary Research in Science and Education (IFIRSE), ICISE, Quy Nhon, Vietnam
- The Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - V. Q. Nguyen
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France
| | - K. Niewczas
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - S. Nishimori
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - Y. Nishimura
- Department of Physics, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa Japan
| | - K. Nishizaki
- Department of Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - T. Nosek
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - F. Nova
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Harwell, Oxford, UK
| | - P. Novella
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - J. C. Nugent
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi Japan
| | | | - L. O’Sullivan
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - T. Odagawa
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T. Ogawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - R. Okada
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - W. Okinaga
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K. Okumura
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
- Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - T. Okusawa
- Department of Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - N. Ospina
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University Autonoma Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - R. A. Owen
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Y. Oyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - V. Palladino
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - V. Paolone
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - M. Pari
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - J. Parlone
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - S. Parsa
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J. Pasternak
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - D. Payne
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - G. C. Penn
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - D. Pershey
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - L. Pickering
- Department of Physics, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey UK
| | - C. Pidcott
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - G. Pintaudi
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - C. Pistillo
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - B. Popov
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
- JINR, Dubna, Russia
| | - K. Porwit
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Y. S. Prabhu
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - F. Pupilli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - B. Quilain
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France
| | - T. Radermacher
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - E. Radicioni
- Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - B. Radics
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - M. A. Ramírez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - P. N. Ratoff
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - M. Reh
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO USA
| | - C. Riccio
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - E. Rondio
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S. Roth
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - N. Roy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - A. Rubbia
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A. C. Ruggeri
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - C. A. Ruggles
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - A. Rychter
- Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K. Sakashita
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - F. Sánchez
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - G. Santucci
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - C. M. Schloesser
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K. Scholberg
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M. Scott
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Y. Seiya
- Department of Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
- Science Department, BMCC/CUNY, New York, NY USA
| | - T. Sekiguchi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - H. Sekiya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - D. Sgalaberna
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A. Shaikhiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - F. Shaker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - A. Shaykina
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M. Shiozawa
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - W. Shorrock
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - A. Shvartsman
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - N. Skrobova
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - D. Smyczek
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - M. Smy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
| | - J. T. Sobczyk
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - H. Sobel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
| | - F. J. P. Soler
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Y. Sonoda
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - A. J. Speers
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - R. Spina
- Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - I. A. Suslov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region Russia
| | - S. Suvorov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | | | - S. Y. Suzuki
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - Y. Suzuki
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
| | - A. A. Sztuc
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - M. Tada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - S. Tairafune
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi Japan
| | - S. Takayasu
- Department of Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - A. Takeda
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y. Takeuchi
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - K. Takifuji
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi Japan
| | - H. K. Tanaka
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y. Tanihara
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - M. Tani
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A. Teklu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | | | - N. Teshima
- Department of Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - N. Thamm
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - L. F. Thompson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - W. Toki
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado USA
| | - C. Touramanis
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - T. Towstego
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - K. M. Tsui
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - T. Tsukamoto
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
| | - M. Tzanov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA USA
| | - Y. Uchida
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - M. Vagins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
| | - D. Vargas
- Institut de Fisica d’Altes Energies (IFAE)-The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain
| | - M. Varghese
- Institut de Fisica d’Altes Energies (IFAE)-The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain
| | - G. Vasseur
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C. Vilela
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - E. Villa
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - U. Virginet
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | | | - T. Wachala
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - J. G. Walsh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - Y. Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - L. Wan
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA USA
| | - D. Wark
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Harwell, Oxford, UK
| | - M. O. Wascko
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - A. Weber
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - R. Wendell
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M. J. Wilking
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - C. Wilkinson
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - J. R. Wilson
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS UK
| | - K. Wood
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - C. Wret
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - J. Xia
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
| | - Y.-H. Xu
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - K. Yamamoto
- Department of Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
- Nambu Yoichiro Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (NITEP), Osaka, Japan
| | - T. Yamamoto
- Department of Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - C. Yanagisawa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
- Science Department, BMCC/CUNY, New York, NY USA
| | - G. Yang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - T. Yano
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - K. Yasutome
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - N. Yershov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - U. Yevarouskaya
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - M. Yokoyama
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y. Yoshimoto
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N. Yoshimura
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M. Yu
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - R. Zaki
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - A. Zalewska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - J. Zalipska
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K. Zaremba
- Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - G. Zarnecki
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - X. Zhao
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - T. Zhu
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - M. Ziembicki
- Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E. D. Zimmerman
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO USA
| | - M. Zito
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - S. Zsoldos
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS UK
| | - T2K Collaboration
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University Autonoma Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO USA
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado USA
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
- Department of Atomic Physics, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX USA
- Institut de Fisica d’Altes Energies (IFAE)-The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
- Institute For Interdisciplinary Research in Science and Education (IFIRSE), ICISE, Quy Nhon, Vietnam
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Roma and Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- International Centre of Physics, Institute of Physics (IOP), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 10 Dao Tan, Ba Dinh, Hanoi, Vietnam
- ILANCE, CNRS-University of Tokyo International Research Laboratory, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582 Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba Japan
- Department of Physics, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa Japan
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS UK
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region Russia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
- Department of Physics, Miyagi University of Education, Sendai, Japan
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA
- Department of Physics, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey UK
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Harwell, Oxford, UK
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
- Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba Japan
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC Canada
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi Japan
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Department of Physics, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB Canada
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw University, Wrocław, Poland
- Department of Physics, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, ON Canada
- Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Legnaro, Italy
- J-PARC, Tokai, Japan
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), Moscow Region, Russia and National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, Moscow, Russia
- IPSA-DRII, Ivry-sur-Seine, France
- The Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- JINR, Dubna, Russia
- Nambu Yoichiro Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (NITEP), Osaka, Japan
- Science Department, BMCC/CUNY, New York, NY USA
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5
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Kikuta J, Kamagata K, Abe M, Andica C, Saito Y, Takabayashi K, Uchida W, Naito H, Tabata H, Wada A, Tamura Y, Kawamori R, Watada H, Aoki S. Effects of Arterial Stiffness on Cerebral WM Integrity in Older Adults: A Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging and Magnetization Transfer Saturation Imaging Study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2022; 43:1706-1712. [PMID: 36396335 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Arterial stiffness is reported to be able to cause axonal demyelination or degeneration. The present study aimed to use advanced MR imaging techniques to examine the effect of arterial stiffness on the WM microstructure among older adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS Arterial stiffness was measured using the cardio-ankle vascular elasticity index (CAVI). The high-CAVI (mean CAVI ≥ 9 points) and the low-CAVI groups (mean CAVI < 9 points) were created. The neuronal fiber integrity of the WM was evaluated by neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging and magnetization transfer saturation imaging. Tract-Based Spatial Statistics and the tracts-of-interest analysis were performed. Specific WM regions (corpus callosum, internal capsule, anterior thalamic radiation, corona radiata, superior longitudinal fasciculus, forceps minor, and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus) were selected in the tracts-of-interest analysis. RESULTS In Tract-Based Spatial Statistics, the high-CAVI group showed a significantly lower myelin volume fraction value in the broad WM and significantly higher radial diffusivity and isotropic volume fraction values in the corpus callosum, forceps minor, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, internal capsule, corona radiata, and anterior thalamic radiation than the low-CAVI group. In tracts-of-interest analysis using multivariate linear regression, significant associations were found between the mean CAVI and radial diffusivity in the anterior thalamic radiation and the corona radiata; isotropic volume fraction in the anterior thalamic radiation and the corona radiata; and myelin volume fraction in the superior longitudinal fasciculus (P < .05). Additionally, partial correlation coefficients were observed for the significant associations of executive function with radial diffusivity and myelin volume fraction (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Arterial stiffness could be associated with demyelination rather than axonal degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kikuta
- From the Departments of Radiology (J.K., K.K., M.A., C.A., Y.S., K.T., W.U., A.W., S.A.)
| | - K Kamagata
- From the Departments of Radiology (J.K., K.K., M.A., C.A., Y.S., K.T., W.U., A.W., S.A.)
| | - M Abe
- From the Departments of Radiology (J.K., K.K., M.A., C.A., Y.S., K.T., W.U., A.W., S.A.)
| | - C Andica
- From the Departments of Radiology (J.K., K.K., M.A., C.A., Y.S., K.T., W.U., A.W., S.A.).,Faculty of Health Data Science (C.A.), Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Y Saito
- From the Departments of Radiology (J.K., K.K., M.A., C.A., Y.S., K.T., W.U., A.W., S.A.)
| | - K Takabayashi
- From the Departments of Radiology (J.K., K.K., M.A., C.A., Y.S., K.T., W.U., A.W., S.A.)
| | - W Uchida
- From the Departments of Radiology (J.K., K.K., M.A., C.A., Y.S., K.T., W.U., A.W., S.A.)
| | - H Naito
- Metabolism and Endocrinology (H.N., Y.T., R.K., H.W.)
| | - H Tabata
- Sportology Center (H.T., Y.T., R.K., H.W.), Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Wada
- From the Departments of Radiology (J.K., K.K., M.A., C.A., Y.S., K.T., W.U., A.W., S.A.)
| | - Y Tamura
- Metabolism and Endocrinology (H.N., Y.T., R.K., H.W.).,Sportology Center (H.T., Y.T., R.K., H.W.), Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - R Kawamori
- Metabolism and Endocrinology (H.N., Y.T., R.K., H.W.).,Sportology Center (H.T., Y.T., R.K., H.W.), Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Watada
- Metabolism and Endocrinology (H.N., Y.T., R.K., H.W.).,Sportology Center (H.T., Y.T., R.K., H.W.), Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Aoki
- From the Departments of Radiology (J.K., K.K., M.A., C.A., Y.S., K.T., W.U., A.W., S.A.)
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6
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Holmes JA, Lewis SR, Patel MR, Alday J, Aoki S, Liuzzi G, Villanueva GL, Crismani MMJ, Fedorova AA, Olsen KS, Kass DM, Vandaele AC, Korablev O. Global Variations in Water Vapor and Saturation State Throughout the Mars Year 34 Dusty Season. J Geophys Res Planets 2022; 127:e2022JE007203. [PMID: 36589717 PMCID: PMC9788072 DOI: 10.1029/2022je007203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To understand the evolving martian water cycle, a global perspective of the combined vertical and horizontal distribution of water is needed in relation to supersaturation and water loss and how it varies spatially and temporally. The global vertical water vapor distribution is investigated through an analysis that unifies water, temperature and dust retrievals from several instruments on multiple spacecraft throughout Mars Year (MY) 34 with a global circulation model. During the dusty season of MY 34, northern polar latitudes are largely absent of water vapor below 20 km with variations above this altitude due to transport from mid-latitudes during a global dust storm, the downwelling branch of circulation during perihelion season and the intense MY 34 southern summer regional dust storm. Evidence is found of supersaturated water vapor breaking into the northern winter polar vortex. Supersaturation above around 60 km is found for most of the time period, with lower altitudes showing more diurnal variation in the saturation state of the atmosphere. Discrete layers of supersaturated water are found across all latitudes. The global dust storm and southern summer regional dust storm forced water vapor at all latitudes in a supersaturated state to 60-90 km where it is more likely to escape from the atmosphere. The reanalysis data set provides a constrained global perspective of the water cycle in which to investigate the horizontal and vertical transport of water throughout the atmosphere, of critical importance to understand how water is exchanged between different reservoirs and escapes the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. A. Holmes
- School of Physical SciencesThe Open UniversityMilton KeynesUK
| | - S. R. Lewis
- School of Physical SciencesThe Open UniversityMilton KeynesUK
| | - M. R. Patel
- School of Physical SciencesThe Open UniversityMilton KeynesUK
- Space Science and Technology DepartmentScience and Technology Facilities CouncilRutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUK
| | - J. Alday
- School of Physical SciencesThe Open UniversityMilton KeynesUK
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - S. Aoki
- Institute of Space and Astronautical ScienceJapan Aerospace Exploration AgencyKanagawaJapan
- Royal Belgian Institute for Space AeronomyBrusselsBelgium
| | - G. Liuzzi
- NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA
- Department of PhysicsAmerican UniversityWashingtonDCUSA
| | | | - M. M. J. Crismani
- Department of PhysicsCalifornia State University San BernardinoSan BernardinoCAUSA
| | - A. A. Fedorova
- Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IKI RAS)MoscowRussia
| | - K. S. Olsen
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - D. M. Kass
- Jet Propulsion LaboratoryCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | - A. C. Vandaele
- Royal Belgian Institute for Space AeronomyBrusselsBelgium
| | - O. Korablev
- Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IKI RAS)MoscowRussia
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7
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Aoki S, Vandaele AC, Daerden F, Villanueva GL, Liuzzi G, Clancy RT, Lopez‐Valverde MA, Brines A, Thomas IR, Trompet L, Erwin JT, Neary L, Robert S, Piccialli A, Holmes JA, Patel MR, Yoshida N, Whiteway J, Smith MD, Ristic B, Bellucci G, Lopez‐Moreno JJ, Fedorova AA. Global Vertical Distribution of Water Vapor on Mars: Results From 3.5 Years of ExoMars-TGO/NOMAD Science Operations. J Geophys Res Planets 2022; 127:e2022JE007231. [PMID: 36583097 PMCID: PMC9787519 DOI: 10.1029/2022je007231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We present water vapor vertical distributions on Mars retrieved from 3.5 years of solar occultation measurements by Nadir and Occultation for Mars Discovery onboard the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter, which reveal a strong contrast between aphelion and perihelion water climates. In equinox periods, most of water vapor is confined into the low-middle latitudes. In aphelion periods, water vapor sublimated from the northern polar cap is confined into very low altitudes-water vapor mixing ratios observed at the 0-5 km lower boundary of measurement decrease by an order of magnitude at the approximate altitudes of 15 and 30 km for the latitudes higher than 50°N and 30-50°N, respectively. The vertical confinement of water vapor at northern middle latitudes around aphelion is more pronounced in the morning terminators than evening, perhaps controlled by the diurnal cycle of cloud formation. Water vapor is also observed over the low latitude regions in the aphelion southern hemisphere (0-30°S) mostly below 10-20 km, which suggests north-south transport of water still occurs. In perihelion periods, water vapor sublimated from the southern polar cap directly reaches high altitudes (>80 km) over high southern latitudes, suggesting more effective transport by the meridional circulation without condensation. We show that heating during perihelion, sporadic global dust storms, and regional dust storms occurring annually around 330° of solar longitude (L S) are the main events to supply water vapor to the upper atmosphere above 70 km.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Aoki
- Department of Complexity Science and EngineeringGraduate School of Frontier SciencesThe University of TokyoKashiwaJapan
- Royal Belgian Institute for Space AeronomyBrusselsBelgium
| | - A. C. Vandaele
- Royal Belgian Institute for Space AeronomyBrusselsBelgium
| | - F. Daerden
- Royal Belgian Institute for Space AeronomyBrusselsBelgium
| | | | - G. Liuzzi
- NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA
- Department of PhysicsAmerican UniversityWashingtonDCUSA
| | | | | | - A. Brines
- Instituto de Astrofísica de AndalucíaGlorieta de la AstronomiaGranadaSpain
| | - I. R. Thomas
- Royal Belgian Institute for Space AeronomyBrusselsBelgium
| | - L. Trompet
- Royal Belgian Institute for Space AeronomyBrusselsBelgium
| | - J. T. Erwin
- Royal Belgian Institute for Space AeronomyBrusselsBelgium
| | - L. Neary
- Royal Belgian Institute for Space AeronomyBrusselsBelgium
| | - S. Robert
- Royal Belgian Institute for Space AeronomyBrusselsBelgium
- Institute of Condensed Matter and NanosciencesUniversité catholique de LouvainLouvain‐la‐NeuveBelgium
| | - A. Piccialli
- Royal Belgian Institute for Space AeronomyBrusselsBelgium
| | - J. A. Holmes
- School of Physical SciencesThe Open UniversityMilton KeynesUK
| | - M. R. Patel
- School of Physical SciencesThe Open UniversityMilton KeynesUK
| | | | - J. Whiteway
- Centre for Research in Earth and Space ScienceYork UniversityTorontoONCanada
| | - M. D. Smith
- NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA
| | - B. Ristic
- Royal Belgian Institute for Space AeronomyBrusselsBelgium
| | | | - J. J. Lopez‐Moreno
- Instituto de Astrofísica de AndalucíaGlorieta de la AstronomiaGranadaSpain
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Mahoney MC, McGinty G, Sanchez GMF, Pedraza NR, Usta MA, Muglia V, da Costa MB, Ulloa BEG, El-Diasty T, AlBastaki U, Amarnath C, Tanomkiat W, Chaiyakum J, Liu S, Park SH, Aoki S, Varma D, Lawler L, Rockall A, Mendonça RA. Summary of the proceedings of the International Forum 2021: “A more visible radiologist can never be replaced by AI”. Insights Imaging 2022; 13:43. [PMID: 35286488 PMCID: PMC8919147 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-022-01182-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe ESR International Forum at the ECR 2021 discussed effects of artificial intelligence on the future of radiology and the need for increased visibility of radiologists. The participating societies were invited to submit written reports detailing the current situation in their country or region. The European Society of Radiology (ESR) established the ESR International Forum in order to discuss hot topics in the profession of radiology with non-European radiological partner societies. At the ESR International Forum 2021, different strategies, initiatives and ideas were presented with regard to radiology community’s response to the changes caused by the emerging AI technology.
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Kikuta J, Kamagata K, Takabayashi K, Taoka T, Yokota H, Andica C, Wada A, Someya Y, Tamura Y, Kawamori R, Watada H, Naganawa S, Aoki S. An Investigation of Water Diffusivity Changes along the Perivascular Space in Elderly Subjects with Hypertension. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2022; 43:48-55. [PMID: 34794943 PMCID: PMC8757561 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hypertension may be related to alterations of the glymphatic system, a waste metabolite drainage system in the brain. We aimed to investigate analysis along the perivascular space index changes in elderly subjects with hypertension. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diffusion-weighted images were acquired from 126 subjects, including 63 subjects with hypertension (25 men and 38 women; mean age, 72.45 years) and 63 age- and sex-matched controls (25 men and 38 women; mean age, 72.16 years). We calculated the analysis along the perivascular space index as a ratio of the mean of x-axis diffusivities in the projection and association areas to the mean of y-axis diffusivity in the projection area and z-axis diffusivity in the association area. The left, right, and mean analysis along the perivascular space indices of both hemispheres were compared between the hypertension and control groups using a Mann-Whitney U test. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to assess the correlation between the left, right, and mean ALPS indices and blood pressure and pulse pressure. RESULTS The left (P = .011) and mean (P = .024) analysis along the perivascular space indices of the hypertension group were significantly lower than that of the control group. The left, right, and mean analysis along the perivascular space indices of all subjects were significantly negatively correlated with blood pressure values (r = -0.200 to -0.278, P = .002-0.046) and pulse pressure values (r = -0.221 to -0.245, P = .006-0.013). CONCLUSIONS Our results are consistent with a model in which hypertension causes glymphatic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Kikuta
- From the Department of Radiology (J.K., K.K., K.T., C.A., A.W., S.A.)
| | - K. Kamagata
- From the Department of Radiology (J.K., K.K., K.T., C.A., A.W., S.A.)
| | - K. Takabayashi
- From the Department of Radiology (J.K., K.K., K.T., C.A., A.W., S.A.)
| | - T. Taoka
- Department of Innovative Biomedical Visualization (T.T.), Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Aichi, Japan
| | - H. Yokota
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Radiation Oncology (H.Y.), Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - C. Andica
- From the Department of Radiology (J.K., K.K., K.T., C.A., A.W., S.A.)
| | - A. Wada
- From the Department of Radiology (J.K., K.K., K.T., C.A., A.W., S.A.)
| | - Y. Someya
- Sportology Center (Y.S., Y.T., R.K., H.W.)
| | - Y. Tamura
- Sportology Center (Y.S., Y.T., R.K., H.W.),Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology (Y.T., R.K., H.W.), Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - R. Kawamori
- Sportology Center (Y.S., Y.T., R.K., H.W.),Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology (Y.T., R.K., H.W.), Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H. Watada
- Sportology Center (Y.S., Y.T., R.K., H.W.),Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology (Y.T., R.K., H.W.), Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S. Naganawa
- Department of Radiology (S.N.), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - S. Aoki
- From the Department of Radiology (J.K., K.K., K.T., C.A., A.W., S.A.)
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10
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Agafonova N, Alexandrov A, Anokhina A, Aoki S, Ariga A, Ariga T, Bertolin A, Bozza C, Brugnera R, Buonaura A, Buontempo S, Chernyavskiy M, Chukanov A, Consiglio L, D'Ambrosio N, De Lellis G, De Serio M, Del Amo Sanchez P, Di Crescenzo A, Di Ferdinando D, Di Marco N, Dmitrievsky S, Dracos M, Duchesneau D, Dusini S, Dzhatdoev T, Ebert J, Ereditato A, Fini RA, Fornari F, Fukuda T, Galati G, Garfagnini A, Gentile V, Goldberg J, Gorbunov S, Gornushkin Y, Grella G, Guler AM, Gustavino C, Hagner C, Hara T, Hayakawa T, Hollnagel A, Ishiguro K, Iuliano A, Jakovčić K, Jollet C, Kamiscioglu C, Kamiscioglu M, Kim SH, Kitagawa N, Kliček B, Kodama K, Komatsu M, Kose U, Kreslo I, Laudisio F, Lauria A, Lavasa A, Longhin A, Loverre P, Malgin A, Mandrioli G, Matsuo T, Matveev V, Mauri N, Medinaceli E, Meregaglia A, Mikado S, Miyanishi M, Mizutani F, Monacelli P, Montesi MC, Morishima K, Muciaccia MT, Naganawa N, Naka T, Nakamura M, Nakano T, Niwa K, Ogawa S, Okateva N, Ozaki K, Paoloni A, Park BD, Pasqualini L, Pastore A, Patrizii L, Pessard H, Podgrudkov D, Polukhina N, Pozzato M, Pupilli F, Roda M, Roganova T, Rokujo H, Rosa G, Ryazhskaya O, Sato O, Shakirianova I, Schembri A, Shchedrina T, Shibayama E, Shibuya H, Shiraishi T, Šimko T, Simone S, Sirignano C, Sirri G, Sotnikov A, Spinetti M, Stanco L, Starkov N, Stellacci SM, Stipčević M, Strolin P, Takahashi S, Tenti M, Terranova F, Tioukov V, Tsanaktsidis I, Tufanli S, Ustyuzhanin A, Vasina S, Vidal García M, Vilain P, Voevodina E, Votano L, Vuilleumier JL, Wilquet G, Yoon CS. OPERA tau neutrino charged current interactions. Sci Data 2021; 8:218. [PMID: 34385471 PMCID: PMC8361145 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-021-00991-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The OPERA experiment was designed to discover the vτ appearance in a vμ beam, due to neutrino oscillations. The detector, located in the underground Gran Sasso Laboratory, consisted of a nuclear photographic emulsion/lead target with a mass of about 1.25 kt, complemented by electronic detectors. It was exposed from 2008 to 2012 to the CNGS beam: an almost pure vμ beam with a baseline of 730 km, collecting a total of 1.8·1020 protons on target. The OPERA Collaboration eventually assessed the discovery of vμ→vτ oscillations with a statistical significance of 6.1 σ by observing ten vτ CC interaction candidates. These events have been published on the Open Data Portal at CERN. This paper provides a detailed description of the vτ data sample to make it usable by the whole community.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Agafonova
- INR - Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - A Anokhina
- SINP MSU - Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Aoki
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - A Ariga
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - T Ariga
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - C Bozza
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Salerno and "Gruppo Collegato" INFN, Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - R Brugnera
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - A Buonaura
- INFN Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - M Chernyavskiy
- LPI - Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Chukanov
- JINR - Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
| | | | - N D'Ambrosio
- INFN - Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (L'Aquila), Italy
| | - G De Lellis
- INFN Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - M De Serio
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Bari, Bari, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - P Del Amo Sanchez
- LAPP, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS/IN2P3, Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - A Di Crescenzo
- INFN Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - N Di Marco
- INFN - Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (L'Aquila), Italy
- GSSI - Gran Sasso Science Institute, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - S Dmitrievsky
- JINR - Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia.
| | - M Dracos
- IPHC, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS/IN2P3, Strasbourg, France
| | - D Duchesneau
- LAPP, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS/IN2P3, Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - S Dusini
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - T Dzhatdoev
- SINP MSU - Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - J Ebert
- Hamburg University, Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Ereditato
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - R A Fini
- INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - F Fornari
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - T Fukuda
- Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - G Galati
- INFN Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italy.
| | - A Garfagnini
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - V Gentile
- GSSI - Gran Sasso Science Institute, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - J Goldberg
- Department of Physics, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - S Gorbunov
- LPI - Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Y Gornushkin
- JINR - Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
| | - G Grella
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Salerno and "Gruppo Collegato" INFN, Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - A M Guler
- METU - Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - C Hagner
- Hamburg University, Hamburg, Germany
| | - T Hara
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | | | | | | | - A Iuliano
- INFN Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - K Jakovčić
- Ruder Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - C Jollet
- IPHC, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS/IN2P3, Strasbourg, France
| | - C Kamiscioglu
- METU - Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - M Kamiscioglu
- METU - Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - S H Kim
- Gyeongsang National University, 900 Gazwa-dong, Jinju, 660-701, Korea
| | | | - B Kliček
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Ruder Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - K Kodama
- Aichi University of Education, Kariya, (Aichi-Ken), Japan
| | | | - U Kose
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - I Kreslo
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - F Laudisio
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - A Lauria
- INFN Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - A Longhin
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - A Malgin
- INR - Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - T Matsuo
- Toho University, Funabashi, Japan
| | - V Matveev
- INR - Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - N Mauri
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - E Medinaceli
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Meregaglia
- IPHC, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS/IN2P3, Strasbourg, France
| | - S Mikado
- Nihon University, Narashino, Chiba, Japan
| | | | | | | | - M C Montesi
- INFN Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - M T Muciaccia
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Bari, Bari, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | | | - T Naka
- Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - T Nakano
- Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - K Niwa
- Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - S Ogawa
- Toho University, Funabashi, Japan
| | - N Okateva
- LPI - Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Ozaki
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - A Paoloni
- INFN - Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati (Roma), Italy
| | - B D Park
- Gyeongsang National University, 900 Gazwa-dong, Jinju, 660-701, Korea
| | - L Pasqualini
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - H Pessard
- LAPP, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS/IN2P3, Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - D Podgrudkov
- SINP MSU - Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - N Polukhina
- LPI - Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- MEPhI - Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Pozzato
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - F Pupilli
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - M Roda
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
- Physik-Institut, Universitaet Zuerich, Zuerich, Switzerland
| | - T Roganova
- SINP MSU - Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - H Rokujo
- Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - G Rosa
- INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - O Ryazhskaya
- INR - Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - O Sato
- Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - I Shakirianova
- INR - Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Schembri
- INFN - Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (L'Aquila), Italy
| | - T Shchedrina
- LPI - Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | - S Simone
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Bari, Bari, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - C Sirignano
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - G Sirri
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Sotnikov
- JINR - Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
| | - M Spinetti
- INFN - Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati (Roma), Italy
| | - L Stanco
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - N Starkov
- LPI - Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S M Stellacci
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Salerno and "Gruppo Collegato" INFN, Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - M Stipčević
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Ruder Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - P Strolin
- INFN Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - M Tenti
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - F Terranova
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - V Tioukov
- INFN Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - S Tufanli
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Ustyuzhanin
- INFN Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
- HSE - National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Vasina
- JINR - Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
| | | | - P Vilain
- IIHE, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - L Votano
- INFN - Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati (Roma), Italy
| | - J L Vuilleumier
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - G Wilquet
- IIHE, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - C S Yoon
- Gyeongsang National University, 900 Gazwa-dong, Jinju, 660-701, Korea
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11
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Shiiya C, Aoki S, Nakabayashi K, Hata K, Amagai M, Kubo A. Linear and disseminated porokeratosis in one family showing identical and independent second hits in MVD among skin lesions, respectively: a proof-of-concept study. Br J Dermatol 2021; 184:1209-1212. [PMID: 33481264 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Shiiya
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Aoki
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Nakabayashi
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Centre for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Hata
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Centre for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Amagai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Kubo
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Fujita S, Yokoyama K, Hagiwara A, Kato S, Andica C, Kamagata K, Hattori N, Abe O, Aoki S. 3D Quantitative Synthetic MRI in the Evaluation of Multiple Sclerosis Lesions. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:471-478. [PMID: 33414234 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Synthetic MR imaging creates multiple contrast-weighted images based on a single time-efficient quantitative scan, which has been mostly performed for 2D acquisition. We assessed the utility of 3D synthetic MR imaging in patients with MS by comparing its diagnostic image quality and lesion volumetry with conventional MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four patients with MS prospectively underwent 3D quantitative synthetic MR imaging and conventional T1-weighted, T2-weighted, FLAIR, and double inversion recovery imaging, with acquisition times of 9 minutes 3 seconds and 18 minutes 27 seconds for the synthetic MR imaging and conventional MR imaging sequences, respectively. Synthetic phase-sensitive inversion recovery images and those corresponding to conventional MR imaging contrasts were created for synthetic MR imaging. Two neuroradiologists independently assessed the image quality on a 5-point Likert scale. The numbers of cortical lesions and lesion volumes were quantified using both synthetic and conventional image sets. RESULTS The overall diagnostic image quality of synthetic T1WI and double inversion recovery images was noninferior to that of conventional images (P = .23 and .20, respectively), whereas that of synthetic T2WI and FLAIR was inferior to that of conventional images (both Ps < .001). There were no significant differences in the number of cortical lesions (P = .17 and .53 for each rater) or segmented lesion volumes (P = .61) between the synthetic and conventional image sets. CONCLUSIONS Three-dimensional synthetic MR imaging could serve as an alternative to conventional MR imaging in evaluating MS with a reduced scan time.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fujita
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.F., A.H., S.K., C.A., K.K., S.A.).,Department of Radiology (S.F., S.K., O.A.), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Yokoyama
- Neurology (K.Y., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Hagiwara
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.F., A.H., S.K., C.A., K.K., S.A.)
| | - S Kato
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.F., A.H., S.K., C.A., K.K., S.A.).,Department of Radiology (S.F., S.K., O.A.), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - C Andica
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.F., A.H., S.K., C.A., K.K., S.A.)
| | - K Kamagata
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.F., A.H., S.K., C.A., K.K., S.A.)
| | - N Hattori
- Neurology (K.Y., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - O Abe
- Department of Radiology (S.F., S.K., O.A.), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Aoki
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.F., A.H., S.K., C.A., K.K., S.A.)
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Hiramoto A, Suzuki Y, Ali A, Aoki S, Berns L, Fukuda T, Hanaoka Y, Hayato Y, Ichikawa A, Kawahara H, Kikawa T, Koga T, Komatani R, Komatsu M, Kosakai Y, Matsuo T, Mikado S, Minamino A, Mizuno K, Morimoto Y, Morishima K, Naganawa N, Naiki M, Nakamura M, Nakamura Y, Nakano N, Nakano T, Nakaya T, Nishio A, Odagawa T, Ogawa S, Oshima H, Rokujo H, Sanjana I, Sato O, Shibuya H, Sugimura K, Suzui L, Takagi H, Takao T, Tanihara Y, Yasutome K, Yokoyama M. First measurement of
ν¯μ
and
νμ
charged-current inclusive interactions on water using a nuclear emulsion detector. Int J Clin Exp Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.102.072006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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Hara S, Hori M, Hagiwara A, Tsurushima Y, Tanaka Y, Maehara T, Aoki S, Nariai T. Myelin and Axonal Damage in Normal-Appearing White Matter in Patients with Moyamoya Disease. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:1618-1624. [PMID: 32855183 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Although chronic ischemia is known to induce myelin and axonal damage in animal models, knowledge regarding patients with Moyamoya disease is limited. We aimed to investigate the presence of myelin and axonal damage in Moyamoya disease and their relationship with cognitive performance. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen patients with Moyamoya disease (16-55 years of age) and 18 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were evaluated with myelin-sensitive MR imaging based on magnetization transfer saturation imaging and 2-shell diffusion MR imaging. The myelin volume fraction, which reflects the amount of myelin sheath; the g-ratio, which represents the ratio of the inner (axon) to the outer (axon plus myelin) diameter of the fiber; and the axon volume fraction, which reflects axonal components, were calculated and compared between the patients and controls. In the patients with Moyamoya disease, the relationship between these parameters and cognitive task-measuring performance speed was also evaluated. RESULTS Compared with the healthy controls, the patients with Moyamoya disease showed a significant decrease in the myelin and axon volume fractions (P < .05) in many WM regions, while the increases in the g-ratio values were not statistically significant. Correlations with cognitive performance were most frequently observed with the axon volume fraction (r = 0.52-0.54; P < .03 in the right middle and posterior cerebral artery areas) and were the strongest with the g-ratio values in the right posterior cerebral artery region (r = 0.64; P = .004). CONCLUSIONS Myelin-sensitive MR imaging and diffusion MR imaging revealed that myelin and axonal damage exist in patients with Moyamoya disease. The relationship with cognitive performance might be stronger with axonal damage than with myelin damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hara
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.H., Y.T., T.M., T.N.), Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan .,Department of Radiology (S.H., M.H., A.H., Y.T., S.A.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Hori
- Department of Radiology (S.H., M.H., A.H., Y.T., S.A.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Diagnostic Radiology (M.H.), Toho University Omori Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Hagiwara
- Department of Radiology (S.H., M.H., A.H., Y.T., S.A.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Tsurushima
- Department of Radiology (S.H., M.H., A.H., Y.T., S.A.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Radiology (Y.T.), Kenshinkai Tokyo Medical Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Tanaka
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.H., Y.T., T.M., T.N.), Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Maehara
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.H., Y.T., T.M., T.N.), Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Aoki
- Department of Radiology (S.H., M.H., A.H., Y.T., S.A.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Nariai
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.H., Y.T., T.M., T.N.), Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Hagiwara A, Hori M, Andica C, Abe O, Aoki S. Myelin Imaging Can Be Affected by a Number of Factors. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:E43-E44. [PMID: 32439652 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Hagiwara
- Department of RadiologyJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyo, Japan
| | - M Hori
- Department of RadiologyJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyo, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic RadiologyToho University Omori Medical CenterTokyo, Japan
| | - C Andica
- Department of RadiologyJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyo, Japan
| | - O Abe
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo, Japan
| | - S Aoki
- Department of RadiologyJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyo, Japan
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16
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Abe K, Akutsu R, Ali A, Alt C, Andreopoulos C, Anthony L, Antonova M, Aoki S, Ariga A, Asada Y, Ashida Y, Atkin ET, Awataguchi Y, Ban S, Barbi M, Barker GJ, Barr G, Barrow D, Barry C, Batkiewicz-Kwasniak M, Beloshapkin A, Bench F, Berardi V, Berkman S, Berns L, Bhadra S, Bienstock S, Blondel A, Bolognesi S, Bourguille B, Boyd SB, Brailsford D, Bravar A, Bravo Berguño D, Bronner C, Bubak A, Buizza Avanzini M, Calcutt J, Campbell T, Cao S, Cartwright SL, Catanesi MG, Cervera A, Chappell A, Checchia C, Cherdack D, Chikuma N, Christodoulou G, Coleman J, Collazuol G, Cook L, Coplowe D, Cudd A, Dabrowska A, De Rosa G, Dealtry T, Denner PF, Dennis SR, Densham C, Di Lodovico F, Dokania N, Dolan S, Doyle TA, Drapier O, Dumarchez J, Dunne P, Eklund L, Emery-Schrenk S, Ereditato A, Fernandez P, Feusels T, Finch AJ, Fiorentini GA, Fiorillo G, Francois C, Friend M, Fujii Y, Fujita R, Fukuda D, Fukuda R, Fukuda Y, Fusshoeller K, Gameil K, Giganti C, Golan T, Gonin M, Gorin A, Guigue M, Hadley DR, Haigh JT, Hamacher-Baumann P, Hartz M, Hasegawa T, Hastings NC, Hayashino T, Hayato Y, Hiramoto A, Hogan M, Holeczek J, Hong Van NT, Iacob F, Ichikawa AK, Ikeda M, Ishida T, Ishii T, Ishitsuka M, Iwamoto K, Izmaylov A, Jakkapu M, Jamieson B, Jenkins SJ, Jesús-Valls C, Jiang M, Johnson S, Jonsson P, Jung CK, Kabirnezhad M, Kaboth AC, Kajita T, Kakuno H, Kameda J, Karlen D, Kasetti SP, Kataoka Y, Katori T, Kato Y, Kearns E, Khabibullin M, Khotjantsev A, Kikawa T, Kim H, Kim J, King S, Kisiel J, Knight A, Knox A, Kobayashi T, Koch L, Koga T, Konaka A, Kormos LL, Koshio Y, Kostin A, Kowalik K, Kubo H, Kudenko Y, Kukita N, Kuribayashi S, Kurjata R, Kutter T, Kuze M, Labarga L, Lagoda J, Lamoureux M, Laveder M, Lawe M, Licciardi M, Lindner T, Litchfield RP, Liu SL, Li X, Longhin A, Ludovici L, Lu X, Lux T, Machado LN, Magaletti L, Mahn K, Malek M, Manly S, Maret L, Marino AD, Marti-Magro L, Martin JF, Maruyama T, Matsubara T, Matsushita K, Matveev V, Mavrokoridis K, Mazzucato E, McCarthy M, McCauley N, McFarland KS, McGrew C, Mefodiev A, Metelko C, Mezzetto M, Minamino A, Mineev O, Mine S, Miura M, Molina Bueno L, Moriyama S, Morrison J, Mueller TA, Munteanu L, Murphy S, Nagai Y, Nakadaira T, Nakahata M, Nakajima Y, Nakamura A, Nakamura KG, Nakamura K, Nakayama S, Nakaya T, Nakayoshi K, Nantais C, Ngoc TV, Niewczas K, Nishikawa K, Nishimura Y, Nonnenmacher TS, Nova F, Novella P, Nowak J, Nugent JC, O'Keeffe HM, O'Sullivan L, Odagawa T, Okumura K, Okusawa T, Oser SM, Owen RA, Oyama Y, Palladino V, Palomino JL, Paolone V, Parker WC, Pasternak J, Paudyal P, Pavin M, Payne D, Penn GC, Pickering L, Pidcott C, Pintaudi G, Pinzon Guerra ES, Pistillo C, Popov B, Porwit K, Posiadala-Zezula M, Pritchard A, Quilain B, Radermacher T, Radicioni E, Radics B, Ratoff PN, Reinherz-Aronis E, Riccio C, Rondio E, Roth S, Rubbia A, Ruggeri AC, Ruggles CA, Rychter A, Sakashita K, Sánchez F, Schloesser CM, Scholberg K, Schwehr J, Scott M, Seiya Y, Sekiguchi T, Sekiya H, Sgalaberna D, Shah R, Shaikhiev A, Shaker F, Shaykina A, Shiozawa M, Shorrock W, Shvartsman A, Smirnov A, Smy M, Sobczyk JT, Sobel H, Soler FJP, Sonoda Y, Steinmann J, Suvorov S, Suzuki A, Suzuki SY, Suzuki Y, Sztuc AA, Tada M, Tajima M, Takeda A, Takeuchi Y, Tanaka HK, Tanaka HA, Tanaka S, Thompson LF, Toki W, Touramanis C, Towstego T, Tsui KM, Tsukamoto T, Tzanov M, Uchida Y, Uno W, Vagins M, Valder S, Vallari Z, Vargas D, Vasseur G, Vilela C, Vinning WGS, Vladisavljevic T, Volkov VV, Wachala T, Walker J, Walsh JG, Wang Y, Wark D, Wascko MO, Weber A, Wendell R, Wilking MJ, Wilkinson C, Wilson JR, Wilson RJ, Wood K, Wret C, Yamada Y, Yamamoto K, Yanagisawa C, Yang G, Yano T, Yasutome K, Yen S, Yershov N, Yokoyama M, Yoshida T, Yu M, Zalewska A, Zalipska J, Zaremba K, Zarnecki G, Ziembicki M, Zimmerman ED, Zito M, Zsoldos S, Zykova A. Search for Electron Antineutrino Appearance in a Long-Baseline Muon Antineutrino Beam. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:161802. [PMID: 32383902 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.161802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Electron antineutrino appearance is measured by the T2K experiment in an accelerator-produced antineutrino beam, using additional neutrino beam operation to constrain parameters of the Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata (PMNS) mixing matrix. T2K observes 15 candidate electron antineutrino events with a background expectation of 9.3 events. Including information from the kinematic distribution of observed events, the hypothesis of no electron antineutrino appearance is disfavored with a significance of 2.40σ and no discrepancy between data and PMNS predictions is found. A complementary analysis that introduces an additional free parameter which allows non-PMNS values of electron neutrino and antineutrino appearance also finds no discrepancy between data and PMNS predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Abe
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - R Akutsu
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - A Ali
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - C Alt
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C Andreopoulos
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - L Anthony
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Antonova
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - S Aoki
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - A Ariga
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - Y Asada
- Yokohama National University, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Y Ashida
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - E T Atkin
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Awataguchi
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Ban
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Barbi
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - G J Barker
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - G Barr
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - D Barrow
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - C Barry
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - A Beloshapkin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - F Bench
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - V Berardi
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - S Berkman
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - L Berns
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Bhadra
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Bienstock
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - A Blondel
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | | | - B Bourguille
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
| | - S B Boyd
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - D Brailsford
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - A Bravar
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D Bravo Berguño
- University Autonoma Madrid, Department of Theoretical Physics, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Bronner
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - A Bubak
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | - M Buizza Avanzini
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - J Calcutt
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - T Campbell
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - S Cao
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - S L Cartwright
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - M G Catanesi
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - A Cervera
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - A Chappell
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - C Checchia
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - D Cherdack
- University of Houston, Department of Physics, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - N Chikuma
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - G Christodoulou
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, CH-1211 Genève 23, Switzerland
| | - J Coleman
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - G Collazuol
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - L Cook
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - D Coplowe
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - A Cudd
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - A Dabrowska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - G De Rosa
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - T Dealtry
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - P F Denner
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - S R Dennis
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - C Densham
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - F Di Lodovico
- King's College London, Department of Physics, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - N Dokania
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - S Dolan
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, CH-1211 Genève 23, Switzerland
| | - T A Doyle
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - O Drapier
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - J Dumarchez
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - P Dunne
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - L Eklund
- University of Glasgow, School of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - A Ereditato
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - P Fernandez
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - T Feusels
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A J Finch
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - G A Fiorentini
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - G Fiorillo
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - C Francois
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Friend
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Fujii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - R Fujita
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - D Fukuda
- Okayama University, Department of Physics, Okayama, Japan
| | - R Fukuda
- Tokyo University of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Y Fukuda
- Miyagi University of Education, Department of Physics, Sendai, Japan
| | - K Fusshoeller
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - K Gameil
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - C Giganti
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - T Golan
- Wroclaw University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - M Gonin
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - A Gorin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Guigue
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - D R Hadley
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - J T Haigh
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | | | - M Hartz
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Hasegawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - N C Hastings
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Hayashino
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Hayato
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - A Hiramoto
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Hogan
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - J Holeczek
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | - N T Hong Van
- Institute For Interdisciplinary Research in Science and Education (IFIRSE), ICISE, Quy Nhon, Vietnam
- International Centre of Physics, Institute of Physics (IOP), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 10 Dao Tan, Ba Dinh, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - F Iacob
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - A K Ichikawa
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Ikeda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Ishida
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Ishii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Ishitsuka
- Tokyo University of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Iwamoto
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Izmaylov
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Jakkapu
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - B Jamieson
- University of Winnipeg, Department of Physics, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - S J Jenkins
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - C Jesús-Valls
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
| | - M Jiang
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Johnson
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - P Jonsson
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - C K Jung
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - M Kabirnezhad
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - A C Kaboth
- Royal Holloway University of London, Department of Physics, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - T Kajita
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - H Kakuno
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Kameda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - D Karlen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- University of Victoria, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S P Kasetti
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Y Kataoka
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Katori
- King's College London, Department of Physics, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - Y Kato
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - E Kearns
- Boston University, Department of Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Khabibullin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Khotjantsev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - T Kikawa
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H Kim
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - J Kim
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S King
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Kisiel
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | - A Knight
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - A Knox
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - T Kobayashi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - L Koch
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - T Koga
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Konaka
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - L L Kormos
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Y Koshio
- Okayama University, Department of Physics, Okayama, Japan
| | - A Kostin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Kowalik
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - H Kubo
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Kudenko
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - N Kukita
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - S Kuribayashi
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - R Kurjata
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Kutter
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - M Kuze
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - L Labarga
- University Autonoma Madrid, Department of Theoretical Physics, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Lagoda
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Lamoureux
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - M Laveder
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - M Lawe
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Licciardi
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - T Lindner
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - R P Litchfield
- University of Glasgow, School of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - S L Liu
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - X Li
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Longhin
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - L Ludovici
- INFN Sezione di Roma and Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | - X Lu
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - T Lux
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
| | - L N Machado
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - L Magaletti
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - K Mahn
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - M Malek
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - S Manly
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - L Maret
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A D Marino
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - L Marti-Magro
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J F Martin
- University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - T Maruyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Matsubara
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Matsushita
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - V Matveev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Mavrokoridis
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - M McCarthy
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - N McCauley
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - K S McFarland
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - C McGrew
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Mefodiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - C Metelko
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Mezzetto
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - A Minamino
- Yokohama National University, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama, Japan
| | - O Mineev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Mine
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
| | - M Miura
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - L Molina Bueno
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S Moriyama
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J Morrison
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Th A Mueller
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - L Munteanu
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Murphy
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Y Nagai
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - T Nakadaira
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Nakahata
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y Nakajima
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - A Nakamura
- Okayama University, Department of Physics, Okayama, Japan
| | - K G Nakamura
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - S Nakayama
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Nakaya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Nakayoshi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - C Nantais
- University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - T V Ngoc
- Institute For Interdisciplinary Research in Science and Education (IFIRSE), ICISE, Quy Nhon, Vietnam
| | - K Niewczas
- Wroclaw University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - K Nishikawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Nishimura
- Keio University, Department of Physics, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - T S Nonnenmacher
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - F Nova
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - P Novella
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - J Nowak
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - J C Nugent
- University of Glasgow, School of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - H M O'Keeffe
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - L O'Sullivan
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - T Odagawa
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Okumura
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - T Okusawa
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - S M Oser
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - R A Owen
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Oyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - V Palladino
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - J L Palomino
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - V Paolone
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - W C Parker
- Royal Holloway University of London, Department of Physics, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - J Pasternak
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - P Paudyal
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Pavin
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - D Payne
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - G C Penn
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - L Pickering
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - C Pidcott
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - G Pintaudi
- Yokohama National University, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama, Japan
| | - E S Pinzon Guerra
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Pistillo
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - B Popov
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - K Porwit
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - A Pritchard
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - B Quilain
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - T Radermacher
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - E Radicioni
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - B Radics
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P N Ratoff
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - E Reinherz-Aronis
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - C Riccio
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - E Rondio
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Roth
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - A Rubbia
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A C Ruggeri
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - C A Ruggles
- University of Glasgow, School of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - A Rychter
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Sakashita
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - F Sánchez
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C M Schloesser
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - K Scholberg
- Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - J Schwehr
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - M Scott
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Seiya
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Sekiguchi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - H Sekiya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - D Sgalaberna
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, CH-1211 Genève 23, Switzerland
| | - R Shah
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - A Shaikhiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - F Shaker
- University of Winnipeg, Department of Physics, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - A Shaykina
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Shiozawa
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - W Shorrock
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Shvartsman
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Smirnov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Smy
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
| | - J T Sobczyk
- Wroclaw University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - H Sobel
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - F J P Soler
- University of Glasgow, School of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Y Sonoda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J Steinmann
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - S Suvorov
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - S Y Suzuki
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Suzuki
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - A A Sztuc
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Tada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Tajima
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A Takeda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y Takeuchi
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - H K Tanaka
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - H A Tanaka
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California, USA
- University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Tanaka
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - L F Thompson
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - W Toki
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - C Touramanis
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - T Towstego
- University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - K M Tsui
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - T Tsukamoto
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Tzanov
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Y Uchida
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - W Uno
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Vagins
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - S Valder
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Z Vallari
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - D Vargas
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
| | - G Vasseur
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Vilela
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - W G S Vinning
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - T Vladisavljevic
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - V V Volkov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - T Wachala
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - J Walker
- University of Winnipeg, Department of Physics, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - J G Walsh
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Y Wang
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - D Wark
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - M O Wascko
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Weber
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - R Wendell
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M J Wilking
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - C Wilkinson
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - J R Wilson
- King's College London, Department of Physics, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - R J Wilson
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - K Wood
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - C Wret
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Y Yamada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Yamamoto
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - C Yanagisawa
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - G Yang
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - T Yano
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - K Yasutome
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Yen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - N Yershov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Yokoyama
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Yoshida
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Yu
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Zalewska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - J Zalipska
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Zaremba
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - G Zarnecki
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Ziembicki
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E D Zimmerman
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Zito
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - S Zsoldos
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Zykova
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Abe K, Akutsu R, Ali A, Alt C, Andreopoulos C, Anthony L, Antonova M, Aoki S, Ariga A, Arihara T, Asada Y, Ashida Y, Atkin ET, Awataguchi Y, Ban S, Barbi M, Barker GJ, Barr G, Barrow D, Barry C, Batkiewicz-Kwasniak M, Beloshapkin A, Bench F, Berardi V, Berkman S, Berns L, Bhadra S, Bienstock S, Blondel A, Bolognesi S, Bourguille B, Boyd SB, Brailsford D, Bravar A, Berguño DB, Bronner C, Bubak A, Avanzini MB, Calcutt J, Campbell T, Cao S, Cartwright SL, Catanesi MG, Cervera A, Chappell A, Checchia C, Cherdack D, Chikuma N, Cicerchia M, Christodoulou G, Coleman J, Collazuol G, Cook L, Coplowe D, Cudd A, Dabrowska A, De Rosa G, Dealtry T, Denner PF, Dennis SR, Densham C, Di Lodovico F, Dokania N, Dolan S, Doyle TA, Drapier O, Dumarchez J, Dunne P, Eguchi A, Eklund L, Emery-Schrenk S, Ereditato A, Fernandez P, Feusels T, Finch AJ, Fiorentini GA, Fiorillo G, Francois C, Friend M, Fujii Y, Fujita R, Fukuda D, Fukuda R, Fukuda Y, Fusshoeller K, Gameil K, Giganti C, Golan T, Gonin M, Gorin A, Guigue M, Hadley DR, Haigh JT, Hamacher-Baumann P, Hartz M, Hasegawa T, Hassani S, Hastings NC, Hayashino T, Hayato Y, Hiramoto A, Hogan M, Holeczek J, Hong Van NT, Iacob F, Ichikawa AK, Ikeda M, Ishida T, Ishii T, Ishitsuka M, Iwamoto K, Izmaylov A, Jakkapu M, Jamieson B, Jenkins SJ, Jesús-Valls C, Jiang M, Johnson S, Jonsson P, Jung CK, Junjie X, Jurj PB, Kabirnezhad M, Kaboth AC, Kajita T, Kakuno H, Kameda J, Karlen D, Kasetti SP, Kataoka Y, Katori T, Kato Y, Kearns E, Khabibullin M, Khotjantsev A, Kikawa T, Kikutani H, Kim H, Kim J, King S, Kisiel J, Knight A, Knox A, Kobayashi T, Koch L, Koga T, Konaka A, Kormos LL, Koshio Y, Kostin A, Kowalik K, Kubo H, Kudenko Y, Kukita N, Kuribayashi S, Kurjata R, Kutter T, Kuze M, Labarga L, Lagoda J, Lamoureux M, Laveder M, Lawe M, Licciardi M, Lindner T, Litchfield RP, Liu SL, Li X, Longhin A, Ludovici L, Lu X, Lux T, Machado LN, Magaletti L, Mahn K, Malek M, Manly S, Maret L, Marino AD, Marti-Magro L, Martin JF, Maruyama T, Matsubara T, Matsushita K, Matveev V, Mavrokoridis K, Mazzucato E, McCarthy M, McCauley N, McElwee J, McFarland KS, McGrew C, Mefodiev A, Metelko C, Mezzetto M, Minamino A, Mineev O, Mine S, Miura M, Bueno LM, Moriyama S, Morrison J, Mueller TA, Munteanu L, Murphy S, Nagai Y, Nakadaira T, Nakahata M, Nakajima Y, Nakamura A, Nakamura KG, Nakamura K, Nakayama S, Nakaya T, Nakayoshi K, Nantais C, Naseby CER, Ngoc TV, Niewczas K, Nishikawa K, Nishimura Y, Noah E, Nonnenmacher TS, Nova F, Novella P, Nowak J, Nugent JC, O’Keeffe HM, O’Sullivan L, Odagawa T, Okumura K, Okusawa T, Oser SM, Owen RA, Oyama Y, Palladino V, Palomino JL, Paolone V, Pari M, Parker WC, Parsa S, Pasternak J, Paudyal P, Pavin M, Payne D, Penn GC, Pickering L, Pidcott C, Pintaudi G, Guerra ESP, Pistillo C, Popov B, Porwit K, Posiadala-Zezula M, Pritchard A, Quilain B, Radermacher T, Radicioni E, Radics B, Ratoff PN, Reinherz-Aronis E, Riccio C, Rondio E, Roth S, Rubbia A, Ruggeri AC, Ruggles CA, Rychter A, Sakashita K, Sánchez F, Santucci G, Schloesser CM, Scholberg K, Schwehr J, Scott M, Seiya Y, Sekiguchi T, Sekiya H, Sgalaberna D, Shah R, Shaikhiev A, Shaker F, Shaykina A, Shiozawa M, Shorrock W, Shvartsman A, Smirnov A, Smy M, Sobczyk JT, Sobel H, Soler FJP, Sonoda Y, Steinmann J, Suvorov S, Suzuki A, Suzuki SY, Suzuki Y, Sztuc AA, Tada M, Tajima M, Takeda A, Takeuchi Y, Tanaka HK, Tanaka HA, Tanaka S, Thompson LF, Toki W, Touramanis C, Towstego T, Tsui KM, Tsukamoto T, Tzanov M, Uchida Y, Uno W, Vagins M, Valder S, Vallari Z, Vargas D, Vasseur G, Vilela C, Vinning WGS, Vladisavljevic T, Volkov VV, Wachala T, Walker J, Walsh JG, Wang Y, Wark D, Wascko MO, Weber A, Wendell R, Wilking MJ, Wilkinson C, Wilson JR, Wilson RJ, Wood K, Wret C, Yamada Y, Yamamoto K, Yanagisawa C, Yang G, Yano T, Yasutome K, Yen S, Yershov N, Yokoyama M, Yoshida T, Yu M, Zalewska A, Zalipska J, Zaremba K, Zarnecki G, Ziembicki M, Zimmerman ED, Zito M, Zsoldos S, Zykova A. Constraint on the matter–antimatter symmetry-violating phase in neutrino oscillations. Nature 2020; 580:339-344. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2177-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Nishi H, Hosomi N, Ohta K, Aoki S, Nakamori M, Nezu T, Shigeishi H, Shintani T, Obayashi T, Ishikawa K, Kinoshita N, Shiga Y, Sugiyama M, Ohge H, Maruyama H, Kawaguchi H, Kurihara H. Serum immunoglobulin G antibody titer to Fusobacterium nucleatum is associated with unfavorable outcome after stroke. Clin Exp Immunol 2020; 200:302-309. [PMID: 32155293 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke can be a cause of death, while in non-fatal cases it is a common cause of various disabilities resulting from associated brain damage. However, whether a specific periodontal pathogen is associated with increased risk of unfavorable outcome after stroke remains unknown. We examined risk factors for unfavorable outcome following stroke occurrence, including serum antibody titers to periodontal pathogens. The enrolled cohort included 534 patients who had experienced an acute stroke, who were divided into favorable (n = 337) and unfavorable (n = 197) outcome groups according to modified ranking scale (mRS) score determined at 3 months after onset (favorable = score 0 or 1; unfavorable = score 2-6). The associations of risk factors with unfavorable outcome, including serum titers of IgG antibodies to 16 periodontal pathogens, were examined. Logistic regression analysis showed that the initial National Institutes of Health stroke scale score [odds ratio (OR) = 1·24, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1·18-1·31, P < 0·001] and C-reactive protein (OR = 1·29, 95% CI = 1·10-1·51, P = 0·002) were independently associated with unfavorable outcome after stroke. Following adjustment with those, detection of the antibody for Fusobacterium nucleatum ATCC 10953 in serum remained an independent predictor of unfavorable outcome (OR = 3·12, 95% CI = 1·55-6·29, P = 0·002). Determination of the antibody titer to F. nucleatum ATCC 10953 in serum may be useful as a predictor of unfavorable outcome after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Nishi
- Department of General Dentistry, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - N Hosomi
- Department of Neurology, Chikamori Hospital, Kochi, Japan.,Department of Disease Model, Research Institute of Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - K Ohta
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - S Aoki
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - M Nakamori
- Department of Neurology, Suiseikai Kajikawa Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - T Nezu
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - H Shigeishi
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - T Shintani
- Center of Oral Examination, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - T Obayashi
- Department of General Dentistry, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - K Ishikawa
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Suiseikai Kajikawa Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - N Kinoshita
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Y Shiga
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - M Sugiyama
- Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - H Ohge
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - H Maruyama
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - H Kawaguchi
- Department of General Dentistry, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - H Kurihara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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19
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Umegaki-Arao N, Ono N, Tanaka R, Sasaki T, Fujita H, Shiohama A, Aoki S, Amagai M, Kubo A. A nonepidermolytic keratinocytic epidermal naevus associated with a postzygotic mutation in the gene encoding epidermal growth factor receptor. Br J Dermatol 2019; 182:1303-1305. [PMID: 31745974 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Umegaki-Arao
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Ono
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - R Tanaka
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Sasaki
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Fujita
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,KOSÉ Endowed Program for Skin Care and Allergy Prevention, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Shiohama
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,KOSÉ Endowed Program for Skin Care and Allergy Prevention, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Aoki
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Amagai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,KOSÉ Endowed Program for Skin Care and Allergy Prevention, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Kubo
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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20
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Miura T, Aoki T, Ohtsuka H, Aoki S, Hata T, Iseki M, Takadate T, Ariake K, Kawaguchi K, Masuda K, Ishida M, Mizuma M, Hayashi H, Nakagawa K, Morikawa T, Motoi F, Sasano H, Naitoh T, Kamei T, Unno M. Preoperative neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) predicts recurrence after surgery in patient with pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (PanNEN). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz422.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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21
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Hara S, Tanaka Y, Hayashi S, Inaji M, Maehara T, Hori M, Aoki S, Ishii K, Nariai T. Bayesian Estimation of CBF Measured by DSC-MRI in Patients with Moyamoya Disease: Comparison with 15O-Gas PET and Singular Value Decomposition. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:1894-1900. [PMID: 31601573 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE CBF analysis of DSC perfusion using the singular value decomposition algorithm is not accurate in patients with Moyamoya disease. This study compared the Bayesian estimation of CBF against the criterion standard PET and singular value decomposition methods in patients with Moyamoya disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nineteen patients with Moyamoya disease (10 women; 22-52 years of age) were evaluated with both DSC and 15O-gas PET within 60 days. DSC-CBF maps were created using Bayesian analysis and 3 singular value decomposition analyses (standard singular value decomposition, a block-circulant deconvolution method with a fixed noise cutoff, and a block-circulant deconvolution method that adopts an occillating noise cutoff for each voxel according to the strength of noise). Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the Bayesian-CBF and singular value decomposition-CBF methods were performed against 15O-gas PET and compared with each other. RESULTS In qualitative assessments of DSC-CBF maps, Bayesian-CBF maps showed better visualization of decreased CBF on PET (sensitivity = 62.5%, specificity = 100%, positive predictive value = 100%, negative predictive value = 78.6%) than a block-circulant deconvolution method with a fixed noise cutoff and a block-circulant deconvolution method that adopts an oscillating noise cutoff for each voxel according to the strength of noise (P < .03 for all except for specificity). Quantitative analysis of CBF showed that the correlation between Bayesian-CBF and PET-CBF values (ρ = 0.46, P < .001) was similar among the 3 singular value decomposition methods, and Bayesian analysis overestimated true CBF (mean difference, 47.28 mL/min/100 g). However, the correlation between CBF values normalized to the cerebellum was better in Bayesian analysis (ρ = 0.56, P < .001) than in the 3 singular value decomposition methods (P < .02). CONCLUSIONS Compared with previously reported singular value decomposition algorithms, Bayesian analysis of DSC perfusion enabled better qualitative and quantitative assessments of CBF in patients with Moyamoya disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hara
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (S. Hara, Y.T., S. Hayashi, M.I., T.M., T.N.), Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan .,Department of Radiology (S. Hara. M.H., S.A.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Tanaka
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (S. Hara, Y.T., S. Hayashi, M.I., T.M., T.N.), Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Hayashi
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (S. Hara, Y.T., S. Hayashi, M.I., T.M., T.N.), Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Research Team for Neuroimaging (S. Hayashi, M.I., K.I., T.N.), Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Inaji
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (S. Hara, Y.T., S. Hayashi, M.I., T.M., T.N.), Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Research Team for Neuroimaging (S. Hayashi, M.I., K.I., T.N.), Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Maehara
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (S. Hara, Y.T., S. Hayashi, M.I., T.M., T.N.), Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Hori
- Department of Radiology (S. Hara. M.H., S.A.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Aoki
- Department of Radiology (S. Hara. M.H., S.A.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Ishii
- Research Team for Neuroimaging (S. Hayashi, M.I., K.I., T.N.), Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Nariai
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (S. Hara, Y.T., S. Hayashi, M.I., T.M., T.N.), Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Research Team for Neuroimaging (S. Hayashi, M.I., K.I., T.N.), Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Harigaya Y, Ikeda M, Oka H, Aoki S, Mizushima K, Murayama S, Ikeda Y. Clinical analysis of adult-onset neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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23
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Hagiwara A, Kamagata K, Shimoji K, Yokoyama K, Andica C, Hori M, Fujita S, Maekawa T, Irie R, Akashi T, Wada A, Suzuki M, Abe O, Hattori N, Aoki S. White Matter Abnormalities in Multiple Sclerosis Evaluated by Quantitative Synthetic MRI, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, and Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:1642-1648. [PMID: 31515218 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A number of MR-derived quantitative metrics have been suggested to assess the pathophysiology of MS, but the reports about combined analyses of these metrics are scarce. Our aim was to assess the spatial distribution of parameters for white matter myelin and axon integrity in patients with relapsing-remitting MS by multiparametric MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four patients with relapsing-remitting MS and 24 age- and sex-matched controls were prospectively scanned by quantitative synthetic and 2-shell diffusion MR imaging. Synthetic MR imaging data were used to retrieve relaxometry parameters (R1 and R2 relaxation rates and proton density) and myelin volume fraction. Diffusion tensor metrics (fractional anisotropy and mean, axial, and radial diffusivity) and neurite orientation and dispersion index metrics (intracellular volume fraction, isotropic volume fraction, and orientation dispersion index) were retrieved from diffusion MR imaging data. These data were analyzed using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics. RESULTS Patients with MS showed significantly lower fractional anisotropy and myelin volume fraction and higher isotropic volume fraction in widespread white matter areas. Areas with different isotropic volume fractions were included within areas with lower fractional anisotropy. Myelin volume fraction showed no significant difference in some areas with significantly decreased fractional anisotropy in MS, including in the genu of the corpus callosum and bilateral anterior corona radiata, whereas myelin volume fraction was significantly decreased in some areas where fractional anisotropy showed no significant difference, including the bilateral posterior limb of the internal capsule, external capsule, sagittal striatum, fornix, and uncinate fasciculus. CONCLUSIONS We found differences in spatial distribution of abnormality in fractional anisotropy, isotropic volume fraction, and myelin volume fraction distribution in MS, which might be useful for characterizing white matter in patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hagiwara
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., K.K., K.S., C.A., M.H., S.F., T.M., R.I., T.A., A.W., M.S., S.A.)
- Department of Radiology (A.H., S.F., T.M., R.I., O.A.), Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Kamagata
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., K.K., K.S., C.A., M.H., S.F., T.M., R.I., T.A., A.W., M.S., S.A.)
| | - K Shimoji
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., K.K., K.S., C.A., M.H., S.F., T.M., R.I., T.A., A.W., M.S., S.A.)
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology (K.S.), Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Yokoyama
- Neurology (K.Y., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - C Andica
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., K.K., K.S., C.A., M.H., S.F., T.M., R.I., T.A., A.W., M.S., S.A.)
| | - M Hori
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., K.K., K.S., C.A., M.H., S.F., T.M., R.I., T.A., A.W., M.S., S.A.)
- Department of Radiology (M.H.), Toho University Omori Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Fujita
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., K.K., K.S., C.A., M.H., S.F., T.M., R.I., T.A., A.W., M.S., S.A.)
- Department of Radiology (A.H., S.F., T.M., R.I., O.A.), Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Maekawa
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., K.K., K.S., C.A., M.H., S.F., T.M., R.I., T.A., A.W., M.S., S.A.)
- Department of Radiology (A.H., S.F., T.M., R.I., O.A.), Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - R Irie
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., K.K., K.S., C.A., M.H., S.F., T.M., R.I., T.A., A.W., M.S., S.A.)
- Department of Radiology (A.H., S.F., T.M., R.I., O.A.), Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Akashi
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., K.K., K.S., C.A., M.H., S.F., T.M., R.I., T.A., A.W., M.S., S.A.)
| | - A Wada
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., K.K., K.S., C.A., M.H., S.F., T.M., R.I., T.A., A.W., M.S., S.A.)
| | - M Suzuki
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., K.K., K.S., C.A., M.H., S.F., T.M., R.I., T.A., A.W., M.S., S.A.)
| | - O Abe
- Department of Radiology (A.H., S.F., T.M., R.I., O.A.), Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Hattori
- Neurology (K.Y., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Aoki
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., K.K., K.S., C.A., M.H., S.F., T.M., R.I., T.A., A.W., M.S., S.A.)
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24
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Nonaka H, Onishi H, Chen Z, Funayama S, Watanabe H, Komiyama T, Marino K, Aoki S, Saito R, Maehata Y. Prognostic Value of Pretreatment Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy: An Analysis Focusing on Metastases. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.2421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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25
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Onishi H, Shioyama Y, Matsuo Y, Takayama K, Miyakawa A, Yamashita H, Nomiya T, Matsumo Y, Matsushita H, Kimura T, Murakami N, Ishiyama H, Uno T, Takanaka T, Katoh N, Takeda A, Nakata K, Ogawa K, Nihei K, Aoki M, Kuriyama K, Komiyama T, Marino K, Araya M, Aoki S, Saito R, Maehata Y, Tominaga R, Nonaka H, Oguri M, Matsuda M, Yamada T, Akita T, Hiraoka M. Prognosis after Local Recurrence or Metastases in Medically Operable Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated By Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.2424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Okuzumi A, Hatano T, Kamagata K, Hori M, Mori A, Oji Y, Taniguchi D, Daida K, Shimo Y, Yanagisawa N, Nojiri S, Aoki S, Hattori N. Neuromelanin or DaT-SPECT: which is the better marker for discriminating advanced Parkinson's disease? Eur J Neurol 2019; 26:1408-1416. [PMID: 31136060 PMCID: PMC6851628 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background and purpose Whether the neuromelanin‐positive substantia nigra pars compacta area (NM‐SNc) on neuromelanin magnetic resonance imaging (NM‐MRI) and the specific binding ratio (SBR) on 123I‐N‐v‐fluoropropyl‐2b‐carbomethoxy3b‐(4‐iodophenyl)nortropane single photon emission computed tomography (DaT‐SPECT) can be correlated with motor fluctuations (MFs) in advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) was investigated. Methods Thirty‐five PD patients (60 ± 13 years) and 23 healthy individuals as controls (59 ± 19 years) were enrolled. The relationships between NM‐MRI and DaT‐SPECT were prospectively examined in two subgroups divided according to the presence or absence of MFs. Multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazard model to screen for association factors. Results The NM‐SNc size was correlated with the SBR (Spearman's ρ = 0.43, P < 0.05). The NM‐SNc size was significantly reduced in PD with MFs compared with the subgroup without (P < 0.001), whereas the SBR did not significantly differ between the groups. NM‐SNc size was a significant association factor for MFs (hazard ratio 0.94, P = 0.04). In receiver operating characteristic analysis of the factors for MF occurrence, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the NM‐SNc size showed a significant difference of 0.89 (P < 0.05) but no significant difference was found in the SBR. Conclusions NM‐SNc size was significantly correlated with the SBR in PD, but several factors in advanced PD were more closely associated with NM‐SNc size than the SBR. NM‐MRI might reflect the status of advanced PD more accurately than DaT‐SPECT. Therefore, NM‐MRI appears to provide a better marker for discriminating advanced PD than DaT‐SPECT.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Okuzumi
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Hatano
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Kamagata
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Hori
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Mori
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Oji
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - D Taniguchi
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Daida
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Shimo
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Research and Therapeutics for Movement Disorders, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Yanagisawa
- Medical Technology Innovation Center, Clinical Research and Trial Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Nojiri
- Medical Technology Innovation Center, Clinical Research and Trial Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Aoki
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Research and Therapeutics for Movement Disorders, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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27
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Sai E, Shimada K, Yokoyama T, Hiki M, Aikawa T, Ouchi S, Aoshima C, Kawaguchi Y, Miyazaki T, Fujimoto S, Tamura Y, Aoki S, Watada H, Kawamori R, Daida H. P192Associations between ectopic fat accumulations and cardio-metabolic factors in apparently healthy subjects: assessed by 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy in myocardium, liver, and skeletal muscles. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez117.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E Sai
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Shimada
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Yokoyama
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Hiki
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Aikawa
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Ouchi
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - C Aoshima
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Kawaguchi
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Miyazaki
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Fujimoto
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Tamura
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Aoki
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Watada
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - R Kawamori
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Daida
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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28
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Takahashi K, Ozawa E, Nakao K, Aoki S, Takase Y. Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic: A procalcitonin-secreting and calcitonin-secreting pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 34:964. [PMID: 30663800 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Takahashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, NHO Saga Hospital, Saga, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - E Ozawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - K Nakao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - S Aoki
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Y Takase
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Saga University, Saga, Japan
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29
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Oishi H, Fujii T, Suzuki M, Takano N, Teranishi K, Yatomi K, Kitamura T, Yamamoto M, Aoki S, Arai H. Usefulness of Silent MR Angiography for Intracranial Aneurysms Treated with a Flow-Diverter Device. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:808-814. [PMID: 31048297 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The flow-diverter device has been established as a treatment procedure for large unruptured intracranial aneurysms. The purpose of this study was to compare the usefulness of Silent MR angiography and time-of-flight MRA to assess the parent artery and the embolization state of the aneurysm after a flow-diverter placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-eight large, unruptured internal carotid aneurysms in 78 patients were the subjects of this study. After 6 months of treatment, they underwent follow-up digital subtraction angiography, Silent MRA, and TOF-MRA, performed simultaneously. All images were independently reviewed by 2 neurosurgeons and 1 radiologist and rated on a 4-point scale from 1 (not visible) to 4 (excellent) to evaluate the parent artery. The aneurysmal embolization status was assessed with 2 ratings: complete or incomplete occlusion. RESULTS The mean scores of Silent MRA and TOF-MRA regarding the parent artery were 3.18 ± 0.72 and 2.31 ± 0.86, respectively, showing a significantly better score with Silent MRA (P < .01). In the assessment of the embolization of aneurysms on Silent MRA and TOF-MRA compared with DSA, the percentages of agreement were 91.0% and 80.8%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Silent MRA is superior for visualizing blood flow images inside flow-diverter devices compared with TOF-MRA. Furthermore, Silent MRA enables the assessment of aneurysmal embolization status. Silent MRA is useful for assessing the status of large and giant unruptured internal carotid aneurysms after flow-diverter placement.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Oishi
- From the Departments of Neuroendovascular Therapy (H.O., T.F., T.K.)
- Neurosurgery (H.O., K.T., K.Y., M.Y., H.A.)
| | - T Fujii
- From the Departments of Neuroendovascular Therapy (H.O., T.F., T.K.)
| | - M Suzuki
- Radiology (M.S., N.T., S.A.), Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Takano
- Radiology (M.S., N.T., S.A.), Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - K Yatomi
- Neurosurgery (H.O., K.T., K.Y., M.Y., H.A.)
| | - T Kitamura
- From the Departments of Neuroendovascular Therapy (H.O., T.F., T.K.)
| | - M Yamamoto
- Neurosurgery (H.O., K.T., K.Y., M.Y., H.A.)
| | - S Aoki
- Radiology (M.S., N.T., S.A.), Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Arai
- Neurosurgery (H.O., K.T., K.Y., M.Y., H.A.)
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Aoki S, Yamashita H, Takahashi W, Nawa K, Ota T, Nozawa Y, Ozaki S, Nakamoto T, Nakagawa K. EP-1360 Salvage SBRT for postoperative recurrence of NSCLC. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)31780-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Maekawa T, Hagiwara A, Hori M, Andica C, Haruyama T, Kuramochi M, Nakazawa M, Koshino S, Irie R, Kamagata K, Wada A, Abe O, Aoki S. Effect of Gadolinium on the Estimation of Myelin and Brain Tissue Volumes Based on Quantitative Synthetic MRI. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:231-237. [PMID: 30591507 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The effect of gadolinium on the estimation of myelin has not been reported. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of gadolinium on automatic myelin and brain tissue volumetry via quantitative synthetic MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 36 patients who were referred for brain metastases screening, and quantitative synthetic MR imaging data before and after gadolinium-based contrast agent administration were analyzed retrospectively. Brain metastases were detected in 17 patients. WM volume, GM volume, CSF volume, non-WM/GM/CSF volume, myelin volume, brain parenchymal volume, myelin fraction (myelin volume/brain parenchymal volume), and intracranial volume were estimated. T1 and T2 relaxation times, proton density, and myelin partial volume per voxel averaged across the brain parenchyma were also analyzed. RESULTS In patients with and without metastases after gadolinium-based contrast agent administration, measurements of WM and myelin volumes, and myelin fraction were significantly increased (+26.65 and +29.42 mL, +10.14 and +12.46 mL, +0.88% and +1.09%, respectively), whereas measurements of GM, CSF, brain parenchymal, and intracranial volumes were significantly decreased (-36.23 and -34.49 mL, -20.77 and -18.94 mL, -6.76 and -2.84 mL, -27.41 and -21.84 mL, respectively). Non-WM/GM/CSF volume did not show a significant change. T1, T2, and proton density were significantly decreased (-51.34 and -46.84 ms, -2.67 and -4.70 ms, -1.05%, and -1.28%, respectively) after gadolinium-based contrast agent administration, whereas measurements of myelin partial volume were significantly increased (+0.78% and +0.75%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Gadolinium had a significant effect on the automatic calculation of myelin and brain tissue volumes using quantitative synthetic MR imaging, which can be explained by decreases in T1, T2, and proton density.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Maekawa
- From the Department of Radiology (T.M., A.H., M.H., C.A., T.H., M.K., M.N., S.K., R.I., K.K., A.W., S.A.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Radiology (T.M., A.H., S.K., R.I., O.A.), Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Hagiwara
- From the Department of Radiology (T.M., A.H., M.H., C.A., T.H., M.K., M.N., S.K., R.I., K.K., A.W., S.A.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Radiology (T.M., A.H., S.K., R.I., O.A.), Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Hori
- From the Department of Radiology (T.M., A.H., M.H., C.A., T.H., M.K., M.N., S.K., R.I., K.K., A.W., S.A.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - C Andica
- From the Department of Radiology (T.M., A.H., M.H., C.A., T.H., M.K., M.N., S.K., R.I., K.K., A.W., S.A.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Haruyama
- From the Department of Radiology (T.M., A.H., M.H., C.A., T.H., M.K., M.N., S.K., R.I., K.K., A.W., S.A.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Radiological Sciences (T.H., M.K.), Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Kuramochi
- From the Department of Radiology (T.M., A.H., M.H., C.A., T.H., M.K., M.N., S.K., R.I., K.K., A.W., S.A.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Radiological Sciences (T.H., M.K.), Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Nakazawa
- From the Department of Radiology (T.M., A.H., M.H., C.A., T.H., M.K., M.N., S.K., R.I., K.K., A.W., S.A.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Koshino
- From the Department of Radiology (T.M., A.H., M.H., C.A., T.H., M.K., M.N., S.K., R.I., K.K., A.W., S.A.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Radiology (T.M., A.H., S.K., R.I., O.A.), Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - R Irie
- From the Department of Radiology (T.M., A.H., M.H., C.A., T.H., M.K., M.N., S.K., R.I., K.K., A.W., S.A.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Radiology (T.M., A.H., S.K., R.I., O.A.), Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Kamagata
- From the Department of Radiology (T.M., A.H., M.H., C.A., T.H., M.K., M.N., S.K., R.I., K.K., A.W., S.A.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Wada
- From the Department of Radiology (T.M., A.H., M.H., C.A., T.H., M.K., M.N., S.K., R.I., K.K., A.W., S.A.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - O Abe
- Department of Radiology (T.M., A.H., S.K., R.I., O.A.), Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Aoki
- From the Department of Radiology (T.M., A.H., M.H., C.A., T.H., M.K., M.N., S.K., R.I., K.K., A.W., S.A.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Hagiwara A, Otsuka Y, Hori M, Tachibana Y, Yokoyama K, Fujita S, Andica C, Kamagata K, Irie R, Koshino S, Maekawa T, Chougar L, Wada A, Takemura MY, Hattori N, Aoki S. Improving the Quality of Synthetic FLAIR Images with Deep Learning Using a Conditional Generative Adversarial Network for Pixel-by-Pixel Image Translation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:224-230. [PMID: 30630834 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Synthetic FLAIR images are of lower quality than conventional FLAIR images. Here, we aimed to improve the synthetic FLAIR image quality using deep learning with pixel-by-pixel translation through conditional generative adversarial network training. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty patients with MS were prospectively included and scanned (3T) to acquire synthetic MR imaging and conventional FLAIR images. Synthetic FLAIR images were created with the SyMRI software. Acquired data were divided into 30 training and 10 test datasets. A conditional generative adversarial network was trained to generate improved FLAIR images from raw synthetic MR imaging data using conventional FLAIR images as targets. The peak signal-to-noise ratio, normalized root mean square error, and the Dice index of MS lesion maps were calculated for synthetic and deep learning FLAIR images against conventional FLAIR images, respectively. Lesion conspicuity and the existence of artifacts were visually assessed. RESULTS The peak signal-to-noise ratio and normalized root mean square error were significantly higher and lower, respectively, in generated-versus-synthetic FLAIR images in aggregate intracranial tissues and all tissue segments (all P < .001). The Dice index of lesion maps and visual lesion conspicuity were comparable between generated and synthetic FLAIR images (P = 1 and .59, respectively). Generated FLAIR images showed fewer granular artifacts (P = .003) and swelling artifacts (in all cases) than synthetic FLAIR images. CONCLUSIONS Using deep learning, we improved the synthetic FLAIR image quality by generating FLAIR images that have contrast closer to that of conventional FLAIR images and fewer granular and swelling artifacts, while preserving the lesion contrast.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hagiwara
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., Y.O., M.H., Y.T., S.F., C.A., K.K., R.I., S.K., T.M., L.C., A.W., M.Y.T., S.A.) .,Department of Radiology (A.H., R.I., S.K., T.M.), Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Otsuka
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., Y.O., M.H., Y.T., S.F., C.A., K.K., R.I., S.K., T.M., L.C., A.W., M.Y.T., S.A.).,Milliman Inc (Y.O.). Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Hori
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., Y.O., M.H., Y.T., S.F., C.A., K.K., R.I., S.K., T.M., L.C., A.W., M.Y.T., S.A.)
| | - Y Tachibana
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., Y.O., M.H., Y.T., S.F., C.A., K.K., R.I., S.K., T.M., L.C., A.W., M.Y.T., S.A.).,Applied MRI Research (Y.T.), Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Yokoyama
- Neurology (K.Y., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Fujita
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., Y.O., M.H., Y.T., S.F., C.A., K.K., R.I., S.K., T.M., L.C., A.W., M.Y.T., S.A.)
| | - C Andica
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., Y.O., M.H., Y.T., S.F., C.A., K.K., R.I., S.K., T.M., L.C., A.W., M.Y.T., S.A.)
| | - K Kamagata
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., Y.O., M.H., Y.T., S.F., C.A., K.K., R.I., S.K., T.M., L.C., A.W., M.Y.T., S.A.)
| | - R Irie
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., Y.O., M.H., Y.T., S.F., C.A., K.K., R.I., S.K., T.M., L.C., A.W., M.Y.T., S.A.).,Department of Radiology (A.H., R.I., S.K., T.M.), Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Koshino
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., Y.O., M.H., Y.T., S.F., C.A., K.K., R.I., S.K., T.M., L.C., A.W., M.Y.T., S.A.).,Department of Radiology (A.H., R.I., S.K., T.M.), Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Maekawa
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., Y.O., M.H., Y.T., S.F., C.A., K.K., R.I., S.K., T.M., L.C., A.W., M.Y.T., S.A.).,Department of Radiology (A.H., R.I., S.K., T.M.), Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - L Chougar
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., Y.O., M.H., Y.T., S.F., C.A., K.K., R.I., S.K., T.M., L.C., A.W., M.Y.T., S.A.).,Department of Radiology (L.C.), Hopital Saint-Joseph, Paris, France; and Department of Radiological Sciences
| | - A Wada
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., Y.O., M.H., Y.T., S.F., C.A., K.K., R.I., S.K., T.M., L.C., A.W., M.Y.T., S.A.)
| | - M Y Takemura
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., Y.O., M.H., Y.T., S.F., C.A., K.K., R.I., S.K., T.M., L.C., A.W., M.Y.T., S.A.)
| | - N Hattori
- Neurology (K.Y., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Aoki
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., Y.O., M.H., Y.T., S.F., C.A., K.K., R.I., S.K., T.M., L.C., A.W., M.Y.T., S.A.)
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Chen Z, Nonaka H, Akita T, Marino K, Aoki S, Komiyama T, Kuriyama K, Onishi H. A Novel Risk Assessment Method Using Pretreatment Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Rates for Early-Stage Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.1828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abe K, Akutsu R, Ali A, Amey J, Andreopoulos C, Anthony L, Antonova M, Aoki S, Ariga A, Ashida Y, Azuma Y, Ban S, Barbi M, Barker GJ, Barr G, Barry C, Batkiewicz M, Bench F, Berardi V, Berkman S, Berner RM, Berns L, Bhadra S, Bienstock S, Blondel A, Bolognesi S, Bourguille B, Boyd SB, Brailsford D, Bravar A, Bronner C, Buizza Avanzini M, Calcutt J, Campbell T, Cao S, Cartwright SL, Catanesi MG, Cervera A, Chappell A, Checchia C, Cherdack D, Chikuma N, Christodoulou G, Coleman J, Collazuol G, Coplowe D, Cudd A, Dabrowska A, De Rosa G, Dealtry T, Denner PF, Dennis SR, Densham C, Di Lodovico F, Dokania N, Dolan S, Drapier O, Duffy KE, Dumarchez J, Dunne P, Emery-Schrenk S, Ereditato A, Fernandez P, Feusels T, Finch AJ, Fiorentini GA, Fiorillo G, Francois C, Friend M, Fujii Y, Fujita R, Fukuda D, Fukuda Y, Gameil K, Giganti C, Gizzarelli F, Golan T, Gonin M, Hadley DR, Haegel L, Haigh JT, Hamacher-Baumann P, Hansen D, Harada J, Hartz M, Hasegawa T, Hastings NC, Hayashino T, Hayato Y, Hiramoto A, Hogan M, Holeczek J, Hosomi F, Ichikawa AK, Ikeda M, Imber J, Inoue T, Intonti RA, Ishida T, Ishii T, Ishitsuka M, Iwamoto K, Izmaylov A, Jamieson B, Jiang M, Johnson S, Jonsson P, Jung CK, Kabirnezhad M, Kaboth AC, Kajita T, Kakuno H, Kameda J, Karlen D, Katori T, Kato Y, Kearns E, Khabibullin M, Khotjantsev A, Kim H, Kim J, King S, Kisiel J, Knight A, Knox A, Kobayashi T, Koch L, Koga T, Koller PP, Konaka A, Kormos LL, Koshio Y, Kowalik K, Kubo H, Kudenko Y, Kurjata R, Kutter T, Kuze M, Labarga L, Lagoda J, Lamoureux M, Lasorak P, Laveder M, Lawe M, Licciardi M, Lindner T, Liptak ZJ, Litchfield RP, Li X, Longhin A, Lopez JP, Lou T, Ludovici L, Lu X, Magaletti L, Mahn K, Malek M, Manly S, Maret L, Marino AD, Martin JF, Martins P, Maruyama T, Matsubara T, Matveev V, Mavrokoridis K, Ma WY, Mazzucato E, McCarthy M, McCauley N, McFarland KS, McGrew C, Mefodiev A, Metelko C, Mezzetto M, Minamino A, Mineev O, Mine S, Missert A, Miura M, Moriyama S, Morrison J, Mueller TA, Murphy S, Nagai Y, Nakadaira T, Nakahata M, Nakajima Y, Nakamura KG, Nakamura K, Nakamura KD, Nakanishi Y, Nakayama S, Nakaya T, Nakayoshi K, Nantais C, Nielsen C, Niewczas K, Nishikawa K, Nishimura Y, Nonnenmacher TS, Novella P, Nowak J, O'Keeffe HM, O'Sullivan L, Okumura K, Okusawa T, Oryszczak W, Oser SM, Owen RA, Oyama Y, Palladino V, Palomino JL, Paolone V, Paudyal P, Pavin M, Payne D, Pickering L, Pidcott C, Pinzon Guerra ES, Pistillo C, Popov B, Porwit K, Posiadala-Zezula M, Pritchard A, Quilain B, Radermacher T, Radicioni E, Ratoff PN, Reinherz-Aronis E, Riccio C, Rondio E, Rossi B, Roth S, Rubbia A, Ruggeri AC, Rychter A, Sakashita K, Sánchez F, Sasaki S, Scantamburlo E, Scholberg K, Schwehr J, Scott M, Seiya Y, Sekiguchi T, Sekiya H, Sgalaberna D, Shah R, Shaikhiev A, Shaker F, Shaw D, Shiozawa M, Smirnov A, Smy M, Sobczyk JT, Sobel H, Sonoda Y, Steinmann J, Stewart T, Stowell P, Suda Y, Suvorov S, Suzuki A, Suzuki SY, Suzuki Y, Sztuc AA, Tacik R, Tada M, Takeda A, Takeuchi Y, Tamura R, Tanaka HK, Tanaka HA, Thakore T, Thompson LF, Toki W, Touramanis C, Tsui KM, Tsukamoto T, Tzanov M, Uchida Y, Uno W, Vagins M, Vallari Z, Vasseur G, Vilela C, Vladisavljevic T, Volkov VV, Wachala T, Walker J, Wang Y, Wark D, Wascko MO, Weber A, Wendell R, Wilking MJ, Wilkinson C, Wilson JR, Wilson RJ, Wret C, Yamada Y, Yamamoto K, Yamasu S, Yanagisawa C, Yang G, Yano T, Yasutome K, Yen S, Yershov N, Yokoyama M, Yoshida T, Yu M, Zalewska A, Zalipska J, Zaremba K, Zarnecki G, Ziembicki M, Zimmerman ED, Zito M, Zsoldos S, Zykova A. Search for CP Violation in Neutrino and Antineutrino Oscillations by the T2K Experiment with 2.2×10^{21} Protons on Target. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:171802. [PMID: 30411920 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.171802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The T2K experiment measures muon neutrino disappearance and electron neutrino appearance in accelerator-produced neutrino and antineutrino beams. With an exposure of 14.7(7.6)×10^{20} protons on target in the neutrino (antineutrino) mode, 89 ν_{e} candidates and seven anti-ν_{e} candidates are observed, while 67.5 and 9.0 are expected for δ_{CP}=0 and normal mass ordering. The obtained 2σ confidence interval for the CP-violating phase, δ_{CP}, does not include the CP-conserving cases (δ_{CP}=0, π). The best-fit values of other parameters are sin^{2}θ_{23}=0.526_{-0.036}^{+0.032} and Δm_{32}^{2}=2.463_{-0.070}^{+0.071}×10^{-3} eV^{2}/c^{4}.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Abe
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - R Akutsu
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - A Ali
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - J Amey
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - C Andreopoulos
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - L Anthony
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Antonova
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - S Aoki
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - A Ariga
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - Y Ashida
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Azuma
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - S Ban
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Barbi
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - G J Barker
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - G Barr
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - C Barry
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Batkiewicz
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - F Bench
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - V Berardi
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - S Berkman
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - R M Berner
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - L Berns
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Bhadra
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Bienstock
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - A Blondel
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - B Bourguille
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - S B Boyd
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - D Brailsford
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - A Bravar
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Bronner
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - M Buizza Avanzini
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - J Calcutt
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - T Campbell
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - S Cao
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - S L Cartwright
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - M G Catanesi
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - A Cervera
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - A Chappell
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - C Checchia
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - D Cherdack
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - N Chikuma
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - G Christodoulou
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - J Coleman
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - G Collazuol
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - D Coplowe
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - A Cudd
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - A Dabrowska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - G De Rosa
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - T Dealtry
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - P F Denner
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - S R Dennis
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - C Densham
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - F Di Lodovico
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - N Dokania
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - S Dolan
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - O Drapier
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - K E Duffy
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - J Dumarchez
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - P Dunne
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - A Ereditato
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - P Fernandez
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - T Feusels
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A J Finch
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - G A Fiorentini
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - G Fiorillo
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - C Francois
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Friend
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Fujii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - R Fujita
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - D Fukuda
- Okayama University, Department of Physics, Okayama, Japan
| | - Y Fukuda
- Miyagi University of Education, Department of Physics, Sendai, Japan
| | - K Gameil
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - C Giganti
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | | | - T Golan
- Wroclaw University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - M Gonin
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - D R Hadley
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - L Haegel
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J T Haigh
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Hansen
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - J Harada
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - M Hartz
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Hasegawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - N C Hastings
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - T Hayashino
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Hayato
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - A Hiramoto
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Hogan
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - J Holeczek
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | - F Hosomi
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A K Ichikawa
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Ikeda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J Imber
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - T Inoue
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - R A Intonti
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - T Ishida
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Ishii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Ishitsuka
- Tokyo University of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Iwamoto
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Izmaylov
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - B Jamieson
- University of Winnipeg, Department of Physics, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - M Jiang
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Johnson
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - P Jonsson
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - C K Jung
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - M Kabirnezhad
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - A C Kaboth
- Royal Holloway University of London, Department of Physics, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - T Kajita
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - H Kakuno
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Kameda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - D Karlen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- University of Victoria, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Katori
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Kato
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - E Kearns
- Boston University, Department of Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Khabibullin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Khotjantsev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - H Kim
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - J Kim
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S King
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Kisiel
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | - A Knight
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - A Knox
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - T Kobayashi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - L Koch
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - T Koga
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - P P Koller
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - A Konaka
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - L L Kormos
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Y Koshio
- Okayama University, Department of Physics, Okayama, Japan
| | - K Kowalik
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - H Kubo
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Kudenko
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - R Kurjata
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Kutter
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - M Kuze
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - L Labarga
- University Autonoma Madrid, Department of Theoretical Physics, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Lagoda
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - P Lasorak
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Laveder
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - M Lawe
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Licciardi
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - T Lindner
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Z J Liptak
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - R P Litchfield
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - X Li
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Longhin
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - J P Lopez
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - T Lou
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - L Ludovici
- INFN Sezione di Roma and Università di Roma "La Sapienza," Roma, Italy
| | - X Lu
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - L Magaletti
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - K Mahn
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - M Malek
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - S Manly
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - L Maret
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A D Marino
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - J F Martin
- University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - P Martins
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Maruyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Matsubara
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - V Matveev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Mavrokoridis
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - W Y Ma
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - M McCarthy
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - N McCauley
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - K S McFarland
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - C McGrew
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Mefodiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - C Metelko
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Mezzetto
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - A Minamino
- Yokohama National University, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama, Japan
| | - O Mineev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Mine
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
| | - A Missert
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Miura
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - S Moriyama
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J Morrison
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Th A Mueller
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - S Murphy
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Y Nagai
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - T Nakadaira
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Nakahata
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y Nakajima
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - K G Nakamura
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - K D Nakamura
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Nakanishi
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Nakayama
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Nakaya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Nakayoshi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - C Nantais
- University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Nielsen
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - K Niewczas
- Wroclaw University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - K Nishikawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Nishimura
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - T S Nonnenmacher
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - P Novella
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - J Nowak
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - H M O'Keeffe
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - L O'Sullivan
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - K Okumura
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - T Okusawa
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - W Oryszczak
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Physics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S M Oser
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - R A Owen
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Oyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - V Palladino
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - J L Palomino
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - V Paolone
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - P Paudyal
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Pavin
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - D Payne
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - L Pickering
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - C Pidcott
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - E S Pinzon Guerra
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Pistillo
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - B Popov
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - K Porwit
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - A Pritchard
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - B Quilain
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - T Radermacher
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - E Radicioni
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - P N Ratoff
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - E Reinherz-Aronis
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - C Riccio
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - E Rondio
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Rossi
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - S Roth
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - A Rubbia
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A C Ruggeri
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - A Rychter
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Sakashita
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - F Sánchez
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Sasaki
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - E Scantamburlo
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K Scholberg
- Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - J Schwehr
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - M Scott
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Seiya
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Sekiguchi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - H Sekiya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - D Sgalaberna
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - R Shah
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - A Shaikhiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - F Shaker
- University of Winnipeg, Department of Physics, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - D Shaw
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Shiozawa
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - A Smirnov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Smy
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
| | - J T Sobczyk
- Wroclaw University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - H Sobel
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Y Sonoda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J Steinmann
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - T Stewart
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - P Stowell
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Y Suda
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Suvorov
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - S Y Suzuki
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Suzuki
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - A A Sztuc
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - R Tacik
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Tada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - A Takeda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y Takeuchi
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - R Tamura
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H K Tanaka
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - H A Tanaka
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California, USA
- University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - T Thakore
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - L F Thompson
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - W Toki
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - C Touramanis
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - K M Tsui
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - T Tsukamoto
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Tzanov
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Y Uchida
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - W Uno
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Vagins
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Z Vallari
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - G Vasseur
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Vilela
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - T Vladisavljevic
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - V V Volkov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - T Wachala
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - J Walker
- University of Winnipeg, Department of Physics, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Y Wang
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - D Wark
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - M O Wascko
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Weber
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - R Wendell
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M J Wilking
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - C Wilkinson
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - J R Wilson
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - R J Wilson
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - C Wret
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Y Yamada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Yamamoto
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - S Yamasu
- Okayama University, Department of Physics, Okayama, Japan
| | - C Yanagisawa
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - G Yang
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - T Yano
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - K Yasutome
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Yen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - N Yershov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Yokoyama
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Yoshida
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Yu
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Zalewska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - J Zalipska
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Zaremba
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - G Zarnecki
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Ziembicki
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E D Zimmerman
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Zito
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Zsoldos
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Zykova
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Hasegawa H, Hanakita S, Shin M, Kawashima M, Kin T, Takahashi W, Shojima M, Nomoto AK, Aoki S, Saito N. Integrating 3D Rotational Angiography into Gamma Knife Planning. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018; 39:1867-1870. [PMID: 30139755 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
3D rotational angiography provides remarkable spatial resolution for cerebrovascular disorders; however, it cannot be integrated directly into gamma knife planning due to the discrepancy of DICOM "tag" information, and most physicians still cannot benefit from 3D rotational angiography. Here, we describe a simple and easy technique to enable the integration of 3D rotational angiography.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hasegawa
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery (H.H., S.H., M. Shin, M.K., T.K., M. Shojima, N.S.)
| | - S Hanakita
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery (H.H., S.H., M. Shin, M.K., T.K., M. Shojima, N.S.)
| | - M Shin
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery (H.H., S.H., M. Shin, M.K., T.K., M. Shojima, N.S.)
| | - M Kawashima
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery (H.H., S.H., M. Shin, M.K., T.K., M. Shojima, N.S.)
| | - T Kin
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery (H.H., S.H., M. Shin, M.K., T.K., M. Shojima, N.S.)
| | - W Takahashi
- Radiology (W.T., A.K.N., S.A.), University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Shojima
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery (H.H., S.H., M. Shin, M.K., T.K., M. Shojima, N.S.)
| | - A K Nomoto
- Radiology (W.T., A.K.N., S.A.), University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Aoki
- Radiology (W.T., A.K.N., S.A.), University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Saito
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery (H.H., S.H., M. Shin, M.K., T.K., M. Shojima, N.S.)
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Shibata T, Nomura Y, Takada A, Aoki S, Katashima M, Murakami H. Evaluation of the effect of lanthanum carbonate hydrate on the pharmacokinetics of roxadustat in non‐elderly healthy adult male subjects. J Clin Pharm Ther 2018; 43:633-639. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - S. Aoki
- Astellas Pharma Inc. Tokyo Japan
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Agafonova N, Alexandrov A, Anokhina A, Aoki S, Ariga A, Ariga T, Bertolin A, Bozza C, Brugnera R, Buonaura A, Buontempo S, Chernyavskiy M, Chukanov A, Consiglio L, D'Ambrosio N, De Lellis G, De Serio M, Del Amo Sanchez P, Di Crescenzo A, Di Ferdinando D, Di Marco N, Dmitrievsky S, Dracos M, Duchesneau D, Dusini S, Dzhatdoev T, Ebert J, Ereditato A, Favier J, Fini RA, Fornari F, Fukuda T, Galati G, Garfagnini A, Gentile V, Goldberg J, Gorbunov S, Gornushkin Y, Grella G, Guler AM, Gustavino C, Hagner C, Hara T, Hayakawa T, Hollnagel A, Ishiguro K, Iuliano A, Jakovcic K, Jollet C, Kamiscioglu C, Kamiscioglu M, Kim SH, Kitagawa N, Klicek B, Kodama K, Komatsu M, Kose U, Kreslo I, Laudisio F, Lauria A, Ljubicic A, Longhin A, Loverre P, Malenica M, Malgin A, Mandrioli G, Matsuo T, Matveev V, Mauri N, Medinaceli E, Meregaglia A, Mikado S, Miyanishi M, Mizutani F, Monacelli P, Montesi MC, Morishima K, Muciaccia MT, Naganawa N, Naka T, Nakamura M, Nakano T, Niwa K, Ogawa S, Okateva N, Olchevsky A, Ozaki K, Paoloni A, Paparella L, Park BD, Pasqualini L, Pastore A, Patrizii L, Pessard H, Pistillo C, Podgrudkov D, Polukhina N, Pozzato M, Pupilli F, Roda M, Roganova T, Rokujo H, Rosa G, Ryazhskaya O, Sadovsky A, Sato O, Schembri A, Shakiryanova I, Shchedrina T, Shibayama E, Shibuya H, Shiraishi T, Simone S, Sirignano C, Sirri G, Sotnikov A, Spinetti M, Stanco L, Starkov N, Stellacci SM, Stipcevic M, Strolin P, Takahashi S, Tenti M, Terranova F, Tioukov V, Tufanli S, Ustyuzhanin A, Vasina S, Vilain P, Voevodina E, Votano L, Vuilleumier JL, Wilquet G, Wonsak B, Yoon CS. Final Results of the OPERA Experiment on ν_{τ} Appearance in the CNGS Neutrino Beam. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:211801. [PMID: 29883136 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.211801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The OPERA experiment was designed to study ν_{μ}→ν_{τ} oscillations in the appearance mode in the CERN to Gran Sasso Neutrino beam (CNGS). In this Letter, we report the final analysis of the full data sample collected between 2008 and 2012, corresponding to 17.97×10^{19} protons on target. Selection criteria looser than in previous analyses have produced ten ν_{τ} candidate events, thus reducing the statistical uncertainty in the measurement of the oscillation parameters and of ν_{τ} properties. A multivariate approach for event identification has been applied to the candidate events and the discovery of ν_{τ} appearance is confirmed with an improved significance level of 6.1σ. |Δm_{32}^{2}| has been measured, in appearance mode, with an accuracy of 20%. The measurement of the ν_{τ} charged-current cross section, for the first time with a negligible contamination from ν[over ¯]_{τ}, and the first direct evidence for the ν_{τ} lepton number are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Agafonova
- INR-Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, RUS-117312 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - A Anokhina
- SINP MSU-Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, RUS-119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - S Aoki
- Kobe University, J-657-8501 Kobe, Japan
| | - A Ariga
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - T Ariga
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, J-819-0395 Fukuoka, Japan
| | - A Bertolin
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - C Bozza
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Salerno and "Gruppo Collegato" INFN, I-84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - R Brugnera
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - A Buonaura
- INFN Sezione di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università Federico II di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - S Buontempo
- INFN Sezione di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - M Chernyavskiy
- LPI-Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, RUS-119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - A Chukanov
- JINR-Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, RUS-141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - L Consiglio
- INFN Sezione di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - N D'Ambrosio
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67010 Assergi (L'Aquila), Italy
| | - G De Lellis
- INFN Sezione di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università Federico II di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - M De Serio
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - P Del Amo Sanchez
- LAPP, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - A Di Crescenzo
- INFN Sezione di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università Federico II di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | | | - N Di Marco
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67010 Assergi (L'Aquila), Italy
| | - S Dmitrievsky
- JINR-Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, RUS-141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - M Dracos
- IPHC, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS/IN2P3, F-67037 Strasbourg, France
| | - D Duchesneau
- LAPP, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - S Dusini
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - T Dzhatdoev
- SINP MSU-Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, RUS-119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - J Ebert
- Hamburg University, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Ereditato
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - J Favier
- LAPP, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - R A Fini
- INFN Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - F Fornari
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università di Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - T Fukuda
- Nagoya University, J-464-8602 Nagoya, Japan
| | - G Galati
- INFN Sezione di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università Federico II di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - A Garfagnini
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - V Gentile
- GSSI-Gran Sasso Science Institute, I-40127 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - J Goldberg
- Department of Physics, Technion, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel
| | - S Gorbunov
- LPI-Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, RUS-119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Y Gornushkin
- JINR-Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, RUS-141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - G Grella
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Salerno and "Gruppo Collegato" INFN, I-84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - A M Guler
- METU-Middle East Technical University, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - C Hagner
- Hamburg University, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - T Hara
- Kobe University, J-657-8501 Kobe, Japan
| | - T Hayakawa
- Nagoya University, J-464-8602 Nagoya, Japan
| | - A Hollnagel
- Hamburg University, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - K Ishiguro
- Nagoya University, J-464-8602 Nagoya, Japan
| | - A Iuliano
- INFN Sezione di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università Federico II di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - K Jakovcic
- Ruder Bošković Institute, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - C Jollet
- IPHC, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS/IN2P3, F-67037 Strasbourg, France
| | - C Kamiscioglu
- METU-Middle East Technical University, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey
- Ankara University, TR-06560 Ankara, Turkey
| | - M Kamiscioglu
- METU-Middle East Technical University, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - S H Kim
- Gyeongsang National University, 900 Gazwa-dong, Jinju 660-701, Korea
| | - N Kitagawa
- Nagoya University, J-464-8602 Nagoya, Japan
| | - B Klicek
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Ruder Bośković Institute, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - K Kodama
- Aichi University of Education, J-448-8542 Kariya (Aichi-Ken), Japan
| | - M Komatsu
- Nagoya University, J-464-8602 Nagoya, Japan
| | - U Kose
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - I Kreslo
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - F Laudisio
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - A Lauria
- INFN Sezione di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università Federico II di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - A Ljubicic
- Ruder Bošković Institute, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - A Longhin
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - P Loverre
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - M Malenica
- Ruder Bošković Institute, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - A Malgin
- INR-Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, RUS-117312 Moscow, Russia
| | - G Mandrioli
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - T Matsuo
- Toho University, J-274-8510 Funabashi, Japan
| | - V Matveev
- INR-Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, RUS-117312 Moscow, Russia
| | - N Mauri
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università di Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - E Medinaceli
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - A Meregaglia
- IPHC, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS/IN2P3, F-67037 Strasbourg, France
| | - S Mikado
- Nihon University, J-275-8576 Narashino, Chiba, Japan
| | | | | | | | - M C Montesi
- INFN Sezione di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università Federico II di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | | | - M T Muciaccia
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - N Naganawa
- Nagoya University, J-464-8602 Nagoya, Japan
| | - T Naka
- Nagoya University, J-464-8602 Nagoya, Japan
| | - M Nakamura
- Nagoya University, J-464-8602 Nagoya, Japan
| | - T Nakano
- Nagoya University, J-464-8602 Nagoya, Japan
| | - K Niwa
- Nagoya University, J-464-8602 Nagoya, Japan
| | - S Ogawa
- Toho University, J-274-8510 Funabashi, Japan
| | - N Okateva
- LPI-Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, RUS-119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - A Olchevsky
- JINR-Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, RUS-141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - K Ozaki
- Kobe University, J-657-8501 Kobe, Japan
| | - A Paoloni
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell'INFN, I-00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy
| | - L Paparella
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - B D Park
- Gyeongsang National University, 900 Gazwa-dong, Jinju 660-701, Korea
| | - L Pasqualini
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università di Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - A Pastore
- INFN Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - L Patrizii
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - H Pessard
- LAPP, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
| | - C Pistillo
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - D Podgrudkov
- SINP MSU-Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, RUS-119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - N Polukhina
- LPI-Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, RUS-119991 Moscow, Russia
- MEPhI-Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, RUS-115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - M Pozzato
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università di Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - F Pupilli
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Roda
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - T Roganova
- SINP MSU-Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, RUS-119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - H Rokujo
- Nagoya University, J-464-8602 Nagoya, Japan
| | - G Rosa
- INFN Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - O Ryazhskaya
- INR-Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, RUS-117312 Moscow, Russia
| | - A Sadovsky
- JINR-Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, RUS-141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - O Sato
- Nagoya University, J-464-8602 Nagoya, Japan
| | - A Schembri
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67010 Assergi (L'Aquila), Italy
| | - I Shakiryanova
- INR-Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, RUS-117312 Moscow, Russia
| | - T Shchedrina
- LPI-Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, RUS-119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - H Shibuya
- Toho University, J-274-8510 Funabashi, Japan
| | | | - S Simone
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - C Sirignano
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - G Sirri
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - A Sotnikov
- JINR-Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, RUS-141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - M Spinetti
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell'INFN, I-00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy
| | - L Stanco
- INFN Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - N Starkov
- LPI-Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, RUS-119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - S M Stellacci
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Salerno and "Gruppo Collegato" INFN, I-84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - M Stipcevic
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Ruder Bośković Institute, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - P Strolin
- INFN Sezione di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università Federico II di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | | | - M Tenti
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - F Terranova
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - V Tioukov
- INFN Sezione di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - S Tufanli
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - A Ustyuzhanin
- INFN Sezione di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
- HSE-National Research University Higher School of Economics, RUS-101000, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Vasina
- JINR-Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, RUS-141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - P Vilain
- IIHE, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Voevodina
- INFN Sezione di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - L Votano
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati dell'INFN, I-00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy
| | - J L Vuilleumier
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - G Wilquet
- IIHE, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - B Wonsak
- Hamburg University, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - C S Yoon
- Gyeongsang National University, 900 Gazwa-dong, Jinju 660-701, Korea
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Kondo K, Aoki S, Yamashita S, Ukai S, Sakamoto K, Hirai M, Kimura A. Ion irradiation effects on FeCrAl-ODS ferritic steel. Nuclear Materials and Energy 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Hayakawa YK, Sasaki H, Takao H, Yoshikawa T, Hayashi N, Mori H, Kunimatsu A, Aoki S, Ohtomo K. The relationship of waist circumference and body mass index to grey matter volume in community dwelling adults with mild obesity. Obes Sci Pract 2018; 4:97-105. [PMID: 29479469 PMCID: PMC5818762 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Previous work has shown that high body mass index (BMI) is associated with low grey matter volume. However, evidence on the relationship between waist circumference (WC) and brain volume is relatively scarce. Moreover, the influence of mild obesity (as indexed by WC and BMI) on brain volume remains unclear. This study explored the relationships between WC and BMI and grey matter volume in a large sample of Japanese adults. Methods The participants were 792 community-dwelling adults (523 men and 269 women). Brain magnetic resonance images were collected, and the correlation between WC or BMI and global grey matter volume were analysed. The relationships between WC or BMI and regional grey matter volume were also investigated using voxel-based morphometry. Results Global grey matter volume was not correlated with WC or BMI. Voxel-based morphometry analysis revealed significant negative correlations between both WC and BMI and regional grey matter volume. The areas correlated with each index were more widespread in men than in women. In women, the total area of the regions significantly correlated with WC was slightly greater than that of the regions significantly correlated with BMI. Conclusions Results show that both WC and BMI were inversely related to regional grey matter volume, even in Japanese adults with somewhat mild obesity. Especially in populations with less obesity, such as the female participants in current study, WC may be more sensitive than BMI as a marker of grey matter volume differences associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. K. Hayakawa
- Department of RadiologyNew Tokyo HospitalChibaJapan
- Department of RadiologyJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - H. Sasaki
- Department of RadiologySaitama Red Cross HospitalSaitamaJapan
| | - H. Takao
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - T. Yoshikawa
- Department of Computational Diagnostic Radiology and Preventive MedicineUniversity of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - N. Hayashi
- Department of Computational Diagnostic Radiology and Preventive MedicineUniversity of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - H. Mori
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - A. Kunimatsu
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - S. Aoki
- Department of RadiologyJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - K. Ohtomo
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
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Andica C, Hagiwara A, Hori M, Nakazawa M, Goto M, Koshino S, Kamagata K, Kumamaru KK, Aoki S. Automated brain tissue and myelin volumetry based on quantitative MR imaging with various in-plane resolutions. J Neuroradiol 2017; 45:164-168. [PMID: 29132939 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurad.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Segmented brain tissue and myelin volumes can now be automatically calculated using dedicated software (SyMRI), which is based on quantification of R1 and R2 relaxation rates and proton density. The aim of this study was to determine the validity of SyMRI brain tissue and myelin volumetry using various in-plane resolutions. METHODS We scanned 10 healthy subjects on a 1.5T MR scanner with in-plane resolutions of 0.8, 2.0 and 3.0mm. Two scans were performed for each resolution. The acquisition time was 7-min and 24-sec for 0.8mm, 3-min and 9-sec for 2.0mm and 1-min and 56-sec for 3.0mm resolutions. The volumes of white matter (WM), gray matter (GM), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), non-WM/GM/CSF (NoN), brain parenchymal volume (BPV), intracranial volume (ICV) and myelin were compared between in-plane resolutions. Repeatability for each resolution was then analyzed. RESULTS No significant differences in volumes measured were found between the different in-plane resolutions, except for NoN between 0.8mm and 2.0mm and between 2.0mm and 3.0mm. The repeatability error value for the WM, GM, CSF, NoN, BPV and myelin volumes relative to ICV was 0.97%, 1.01%, 0.65%, 0.86%, 1.06% and 0.25% in 0.8mm; 1.22%, 1.36%, 0.73%, 0.37%, 1.18% and 0.35% in 2.0mm and 1.18%, 1.02%, 0.96%, 0.45%, 1.36%, and 0.28% in 3.0mm resolutions. CONCLUSION SyMRI brain tissue and myelin volumetry with low in-plane resolution and short acquisition times is robust and has a good repeatability so could be useful for follow-up studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Andica
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - A Hagiwara
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - M Hori
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - M Nakazawa
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - M Goto
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - S Koshino
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - K Kamagata
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - K K Kumamaru
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - S Aoki
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
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Li K, Jung E, Wu B, Mousli A, Aoki S, Newton J, Able A, Cornell D, Lee N, Lo S. P3.14-008 Clinical Characteristics Matrix of Lung Tumor Under Stereotactic Ablative Body Radiotherapy (SABR). J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.1781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Imai K, Masuda M, Watanabe H, Kamagata K, Katahira K, Ogura A, Ohdake R, Kawabata K, Yokoi T, Hara K, Bagarinao E, Atsuta N, Nakamura R, Aoki S, Katsuno M, Ohira H, Sobue G. Decision making alteration and characteristic connectivity changes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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43
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Watanabe S, Okada A, Mouri N, Takagi S, Takamidoh H, Aoki S. Cerebral parenchymal and cervical spinal lesions of VOGT-Koyanagi-Harada disease: A case report. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.2563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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44
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Hagiwara A, Hori M, Yokoyama K, Nakazawa M, Ueda R, Horita M, Andica C, Abe O, Aoki S. Analysis of White Matter Damage in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis via a Novel In Vivo MR Method for Measuring Myelin, Axons, and G-Ratio. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2017; 38:1934-1940. [PMID: 28775058 PMCID: PMC7963610 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Myelin and axon volume fractions can now be estimated via MR imaging in vivo, as can the g-ratio, which equals the ratio of the inner to the outer diameter of a nerve fiber. The purpose of this study was to evaluate WM damage in patients with MS via this novel MR imaging technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty patients with relapsing-remitting MS with a combined total of 149 chronic plaques were analyzed. Myelin volume fraction was calculated based on simultaneous tissue relaxometry. Intracellular and CSF compartment volume fractions were quantified via neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging. Axon volume fraction and g-ratio were calculated by combining these measurements. Myelin and axon volume fractions and g-ratio were measured in plaques, periplaque WM, and normal-appearing WM. RESULTS All metrics differed significantly across the 3 groups (P < .001, except P = .027 for g-ratio between periplaque WM and normal-appearing WM). Those in plaques differed most from those in normal-appearing WM. The percentage changes in plaque and periplaque WM metrics relative to normal-appearing WM were significantly larger in absolute value for myelin volume fraction than for axon volume fraction and g-ratio (P < .001, except P = .033 in periplaque WM relative to normal-appearing WM for comparison between myelin and axon volume fraction). CONCLUSIONS In this in vivo MR imaging study, the myelin of WM was more damaged than axons in plaques and periplaque WM of patients with MS. Myelin and axon volume fractions and g-ratio may potentially be useful for evaluating WM damage in patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hagiwara
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., M. Hori., M.N., R.U., M. Horita, C.A., S.A.)
- Department of Radiology (A.H., O.A.), Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Hori
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., M. Hori., M.N., R.U., M. Horita, C.A., S.A.)
| | - K Yokoyama
- Neurology (K.Y.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Nakazawa
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., M. Hori., M.N., R.U., M. Horita, C.A., S.A.)
| | - R Ueda
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., M. Hori., M.N., R.U., M. Horita, C.A., S.A.)
- Department of Radiological Sciences (R.U.), Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Horita
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., M. Hori., M.N., R.U., M. Horita, C.A., S.A.)
| | - C Andica
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., M. Hori., M.N., R.U., M. Horita, C.A., S.A.)
| | - O Abe
- Department of Radiology (A.H., O.A.), Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Aoki
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.H., M. Hori., M.N., R.U., M. Horita, C.A., S.A.)
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45
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Takahashi W, Aoki S, Yamashita H, Ogita M, Nakagawa K, Haga A. CT-Based Radiomics Histology Analysis of Stereotactic Ablative Radiation Therapy Patients with Early-Stage Non–small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.2349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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46
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Nezu T, Naka H, Hosomi N, Takamatsu K, Nomura E, Kitamura T, Torii T, Ohshita T, Imamura E, Nakamori M, Shimomura R, Aoki S, Maruyama H, Matsumoto M. Microbleeds evaluation study for prevention of brain hemorrhage in ischemic stroke (MB-evidence): Pilot analysis for multicenter longitudinal study. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.1783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Okumura T, Sawamura A, Sugiura Y, Hiraiwa H, Kondo T, Aoki S, Watanabe N, Kano N, Fukaya K, Morimoto R, Bando Y, Murohara T. P3372Is the administration of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist required in asymptomatic AHA/ACC stage B heart failure patients? Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx504.p3372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Hiraiwa H, Okumura T, Sawamura A, Sugiura Y, Kondo T, Watanabe N, Aoki S, Ichii T, Kano N, Fukaya K, Furusawa K, Morimoto R, Takeshita K, Bando Y, Murohara T. P712The Selvester QRS score as a predictor of cardiac events in nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx501.p712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H. Hiraiwa
- Nagoya University, Department of Cardiology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - T. Okumura
- Nagoya University, Department of Cardiology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - A. Sawamura
- Nagoya University, Department of Cardiology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Y. Sugiura
- Nagoya University, Department of Cardiology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - T. Kondo
- Nagoya University, Department of Cardiology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - N. Watanabe
- Nagoya University, Department of Cardiology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - S. Aoki
- Nagoya University, Department of Cardiology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - T. Ichii
- Nagoya University, Department of Cardiology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - N. Kano
- Nagoya University, Department of Cardiology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - K. Fukaya
- Nagoya University, Department of Cardiology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - K. Furusawa
- Nagoya University, Department of Cardiology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - R. Morimoto
- Nagoya University, Department of Cardiology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - K. Takeshita
- Nagoya University Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Y. Bando
- Nagoya University, Department of Cardiology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - T. Murohara
- Nagoya University, Department of Cardiology, Nagoya, Japan
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Takano N, Suzuki M, Irie R, Yamamoto M, Teranishi K, Yatomi K, Hamasaki N, Kumamaru KK, Hori M, Oishi H, Aoki S. Non-Contrast-Enhanced Silent Scan MR Angiography of Intracranial Anterior Circulation Aneurysms Treated with a Low-Profile Visualized Intraluminal Support Device. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2017; 38:1610-1616. [PMID: 28522664 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The Low-Profile Visualized Intraluminal Support Device comprises a small-cell nitinol structure and a single-wire braided stent that provides greater metal coverage than previously reported intracranial stents, as well as assumed strong susceptibility artifacts. This study aimed to assess the benefits of non-contrast-enhanced MRA by using a Silent Scan (Silent MRA) for intracranial anterior circulation aneurysms treated with Low-Profile Visualized Intraluminal Support Device stents. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-one aneurysms treated with Low-Profile Visualized Intraluminal Support Device stents were assessed by using Silent MRA, 3D TOF-MRA, and x-ray DSA. The quality of MRA visualization of the reconstructed artery was graded on a 4-point scale from 1 (not visible) to 4 (excellent). Aneurysm occlusion status was evaluated by using a 2-grade scale (total occlusion/remnant [neck or aneurysm]). Weighted κ statistics were used to evaluate interobserver and intermodality agreement. RESULTS The mean scores ± SDs for Silent MRA and 3D TOF-MRA were 3.16 ± 0.79 and 1.48 ± 0.67 (P < .05), respectively, with substantial interobserver agreement (κ = 0.66). The aneurysm occlusion rates of the 2-grade scale (total occlusion/remnant [neck or aneurysm]) were 69%/31% for DSA, 65%/35% for Silent MRA, and 92%/8% for 3D TOF-MRA, respectively. The intermodality agreements were 0.88 and 0.30 for DSA/Silent MRA and DSA/3D TOF-MRA, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Silent MRA seems to be useful for visualizing intracranial anterior circulation aneurysms treated with Low-Profile Visualized Intraluminal Support Device stents.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Takano
- From the Department of Radiology (N.T., M.S., K.K.K., M.H., S.A.), Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan .,Department of Radiology (N.T., M.S., R.I., N.H., K.K.K., M.H., S.A.), Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Suzuki
- From the Department of Radiology (N.T., M.S., K.K.K., M.H., S.A.), Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Radiology (N.T., M.S., R.I., N.H., K.K.K., M.H., S.A.), Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - R Irie
- Department of Radiology (N.T., M.S., R.I., N.H., K.K.K., M.H., S.A.), Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Yamamoto
- Departments of Neurosurgery (M.Y., K.T., K.Y., H.O.)
| | - K Teranishi
- Departments of Neurosurgery (M.Y., K.T., K.Y., H.O.)
| | - K Yatomi
- Departments of Neurosurgery (M.Y., K.T., K.Y., H.O.)
| | - N Hamasaki
- Department of Radiology (N.T., M.S., R.I., N.H., K.K.K., M.H., S.A.), Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K K Kumamaru
- From the Department of Radiology (N.T., M.S., K.K.K., M.H., S.A.), Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Radiology (N.T., M.S., R.I., N.H., K.K.K., M.H., S.A.), Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Hori
- From the Department of Radiology (N.T., M.S., K.K.K., M.H., S.A.), Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Radiology (N.T., M.S., R.I., N.H., K.K.K., M.H., S.A.), Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Oishi
- Departments of Neurosurgery (M.Y., K.T., K.Y., H.O.).,Neuroendovascular Therapy (H.O.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Aoki
- From the Department of Radiology (N.T., M.S., K.K.K., M.H., S.A.), Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Radiology (N.T., M.S., R.I., N.H., K.K.K., M.H., S.A.), Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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50
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Abe K, Amey J, Andreopoulos C, Antonova M, Aoki S, Ariga A, Autiero D, Ban S, Barbi M, Barker GJ, Barr G, Barry C, Bartet-Friburg P, Batkiewicz M, Berardi V, Berkman S, Bhadra S, Bienstock S, Blondel A, Bolognesi S, Bordoni S, Boyd SB, Brailsford D, Bravar A, Bronner C, Buizza Avanzini M, Calland RG, Campbell T, Cao S, Cartwright SL, Catanesi MG, Cervera A, Checchia C, Cherdack D, Chikuma N, Christodoulou G, Clifton A, Coleman J, Collazuol G, Coplowe D, Cudd A, Dabrowska A, De Rosa G, Dealtry T, Denner PF, Dennis SR, Densham C, Dewhurst D, Di Lodovico F, Di Luise S, Dolan S, Drapier O, Duffy KE, Dumarchez J, Dziewiecki M, Emery-Schrenk S, Ereditato A, Feusels T, Finch AJ, Fiorentini GA, Friend M, Fujii Y, Fukuda D, Fukuda Y, Galymov V, Garcia A, Giganti C, Gizzarelli F, Golan T, Gonin M, Hadley DR, Haegel L, Haigh MD, Hansen D, Harada J, Hartz M, Hasegawa T, Hastings NC, Hayashino T, Hayato Y, Helmer RL, Hillairet A, Hiraki T, Hiramoto A, Hirota S, Hogan M, Holeczek J, Hosomi F, Huang K, Ichikawa AK, Ikeda M, Imber J, Insler J, Intonti RA, Ishida T, Ishii T, Iwai E, Iwamoto K, Izmaylov A, Jamieson B, Jiang M, Johnson S, Jonsson P, Jung CK, Kabirnezhad M, Kaboth AC, Kajita T, Kakuno H, Kameda J, Karlen D, Katori T, Kearns E, Khabibullin M, Khotjantsev A, Kim H, Kim J, King S, Kisiel J, Knight A, Knox A, Kobayashi T, Koch L, Koga T, Konaka A, Kondo K, Kormos LL, Korzenev A, Koshio Y, Kowalik K, Kropp W, Kudenko Y, Kurjata R, Kutter T, Lagoda J, Lamont I, Lamoureux M, Larkin E, Lasorak P, Laveder M, Lawe M, Licciardi M, Lindner T, Liptak ZJ, Litchfield RP, Li X, Longhin A, Lopez JP, Lou T, Ludovici L, Lu X, Magaletti L, Mahn K, Malek M, Manly S, Marino AD, Martin JF, Martins P, Martynenko S, Maruyama T, Matveev V, Mavrokoridis K, Ma WY, Mazzucato E, McCarthy M, McCauley N, McFarland KS, McGrew C, Mefodiev A, Metelko C, Mezzetto M, Mijakowski P, Minamino A, Mineev O, Mine S, Missert A, Miura M, Moriyama S, Mueller TA, Myslik J, Nakadaira T, Nakahata M, Nakamura KG, Nakamura K, Nakamura KD, Nakanishi Y, Nakayama S, Nakaya T, Nakayoshi K, Nantais C, Nielsen C, Nirkko M, Nishikawa K, Nishimura Y, Novella P, Nowak J, O'Keeffe HM, Okumura K, Okusawa T, Oryszczak W, Oser SM, Ovsyannikova T, Owen RA, Oyama Y, Palladino V, Palomino JL, Paolone V, Patel ND, Paudyal P, Pavin M, Payne D, Perkin JD, Petrov Y, Pickard L, Pickering L, Pinzon Guerra ES, Pistillo C, Popov B, Posiadala-Zezula M, Poutissou JM, Poutissou R, Przewlocki P, Quilain B, Radermacher T, Radicioni E, Ratoff PN, Ravonel M, Rayner MA, Redij A, Reinherz-Aronis E, Riccio C, Rodrigues PA, Rondio E, Rossi B, Roth S, Rubbia A, Rychter A, Sakashita K, Sánchez F, Scantamburlo E, Scholberg K, Schwehr J, Scott M, Seiya Y, Sekiguchi T, Sekiya H, Sgalaberna D, Shah R, Shaikhiev A, Shaker F, Shaw D, Shiozawa M, Shirahige T, Short S, Smy M, Sobczyk JT, Sobel H, Sorel M, Southwell L, Steinmann J, Stewart T, Stowell P, Suda Y, Suvorov S, Suzuki A, Suzuki SY, Suzuki Y, Tacik R, Tada M, Takeda A, Takeuchi Y, Tanaka HK, Tanaka HA, Terhorst D, Terri R, Thakore T, Thompson LF, Tobayama S, Toki W, Tomura T, Touramanis C, Tsukamoto T, Tzanov M, Uchida Y, Vagins M, Vallari Z, Vasseur G, Vladisavljevic T, Wachala T, Walter CW, Wark D, Wascko MO, Weber A, Wendell R, Wilkes RJ, Wilking MJ, Wilkinson C, Wilson JR, Wilson RJ, Wret C, Yamada Y, Yamamoto K, Yamamoto M, Yanagisawa C, Yano T, Yen S, Yershov N, Yokoyama M, Yoshida K, Yuan T, Yu M, Zalewska A, Zalipska J, Zambelli L, Zaremba K, Ziembicki M, Zimmerman ED, Zito M, Żmuda J. Combined Analysis of Neutrino and Antineutrino Oscillations at T2K. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:151801. [PMID: 28452532 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.151801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
T2K reports its first results in the search for CP violation in neutrino oscillations using appearance and disappearance channels for neutrino- and antineutrino-mode beams. The data include all runs from January 2010 to May 2016 and comprise 7.482×10^{20} protons on target in neutrino mode, which yielded in the far detector 32 e-like and 135 μ-like events, and 7.471×10^{20} protons on target in antineutrino mode, which yielded 4 e-like and 66 μ-like events. Reactor measurements of sin^{2}2θ_{13} have been used as an additional constraint. The one-dimensional confidence interval at 90% for the phase δ_{CP} spans the range (-3.13, -0.39) for normal mass ordering. The CP conservation hypothesis (δ_{CP}=0, π) is excluded at 90% C.L.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Abe
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J Amey
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - C Andreopoulos
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, United Kingdom and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - M Antonova
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Aoki
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - A Ariga
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - D Autiero
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, IPN Lyon (IN2P3), Villeurbanne, France
| | - S Ban
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Barbi
- Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - G J Barker
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - G Barr
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - C Barry
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - P Bartet-Friburg
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - M Batkiewicz
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - V Berardi
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - S Berkman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S Bhadra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Bienstock
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - A Blondel
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - S Bordoni
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - S B Boyd
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - D Brailsford
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - A Bravar
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Bronner
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Buizza Avanzini
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - R G Calland
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - T Campbell
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - S Cao
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - S L Cartwright
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - M G Catanesi
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - A Cervera
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - C Checchia
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - D Cherdack
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - N Chikuma
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - G Christodoulou
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - A Clifton
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - J Coleman
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - G Collazuol
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - D Coplowe
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - A Cudd
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - A Dabrowska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - G De Rosa
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - T Dealtry
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - P F Denner
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - S R Dennis
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - C Densham
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, United Kingdom and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - D Dewhurst
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - F Di Lodovico
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Di Luise
- Institute for Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S Dolan
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - O Drapier
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - K E Duffy
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - J Dumarchez
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - M Dziewiecki
- Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - A Ereditato
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - T Feusels
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A J Finch
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - G A Fiorentini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Friend
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Fujii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - D Fukuda
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Y Fukuda
- Department of Physics, Miyagi University of Education, Sendai, Japan
| | - V Galymov
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, IPN Lyon (IN2P3), Villeurbanne, France
| | - A Garcia
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - C Giganti
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | | | - T Golan
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - M Gonin
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - D R Hadley
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - L Haegel
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M D Haigh
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - D Hansen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - J Harada
- Department of Physics, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - M Hartz
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Hasegawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - N C Hastings
- Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - T Hayashino
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Hayato
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - R L Helmer
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Hillairet
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Hiraki
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A Hiramoto
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Hirota
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Hogan
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - J Holeczek
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - F Hosomi
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Huang
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A K Ichikawa
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Ikeda
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J Imber
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - J Insler
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - R A Intonti
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - T Ishida
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Ishii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - E Iwai
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Iwamoto
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - A Izmaylov
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - B Jamieson
- Department of Physics, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - M Jiang
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Johnson
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - P Jonsson
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - C K Jung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - M Kabirnezhad
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A C Kaboth
- Department of Physics, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, United Kingdom and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - T Kajita
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - H Kakuno
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Kameda
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - D Karlen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Katori
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - E Kearns
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Khabibullin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Khotjantsev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - H Kim
- Department of Physics, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - J Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S King
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Kisiel
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - A Knight
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - A Knox
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - T Kobayashi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - L Koch
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - T Koga
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Konaka
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - K Kondo
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - L L Kormos
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - A Korzenev
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Y Koshio
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - K Kowalik
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - W Kropp
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Y Kudenko
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - R Kurjata
- Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Kutter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - J Lagoda
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - I Lamont
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | | | - E Larkin
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - P Lasorak
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Laveder
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - M Lawe
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Licciardi
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - T Lindner
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Z J Liptak
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - R P Litchfield
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - X Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Longhin
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - J P Lopez
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - T Lou
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - L Ludovici
- INFN Sezione di Roma and Università di Roma "La Sapienza," Roma, Italy
| | - X Lu
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - L Magaletti
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - K Mahn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - M Malek
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - S Manly
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - A D Marino
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - J F Martin
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - P Martins
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Martynenko
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - T Maruyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - V Matveev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Mavrokoridis
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - W Y Ma
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - M McCarthy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - N McCauley
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - K S McFarland
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - C McGrew
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Mefodiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - C Metelko
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Mezzetto
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - P Mijakowski
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Minamino
- Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - O Mineev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Mine
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - A Missert
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Miura
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - S Moriyama
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Th A Mueller
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - J Myslik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Nakadaira
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Nakahata
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - K G Nakamura
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - K D Nakamura
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Nakanishi
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Nakayama
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Nakaya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Nakayoshi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - C Nantais
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Nielsen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Nirkko
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - K Nishikawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Nishimura
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - P Novella
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - J Nowak
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - H M O'Keeffe
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - K Okumura
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - T Okusawa
- Department of Physics, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - W Oryszczak
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S M Oser
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Ovsyannikova
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - R A Owen
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Oyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - V Palladino
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - J L Palomino
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - V Paolone
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - N D Patel
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - P Paudyal
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Pavin
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - D Payne
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - J D Perkin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Y Petrov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - L Pickard
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - L Pickering
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - E S Pinzon Guerra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Pistillo
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - B Popov
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - P Przewlocki
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Quilain
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Radermacher
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - E Radicioni
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - P N Ratoff
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Ravonel
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M A Rayner
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Redij
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - E Reinherz-Aronis
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - C Riccio
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - P A Rodrigues
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - E Rondio
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Rossi
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - S Roth
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - A Rubbia
- Institute for Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Rychter
- Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Sakashita
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - F Sánchez
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - E Scantamburlo
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K Scholberg
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - J Schwehr
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - M Scott
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Y Seiya
- Department of Physics, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Sekiguchi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - H Sekiya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - D Sgalaberna
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - R Shah
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, United Kingdom and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - A Shaikhiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - F Shaker
- Department of Physics, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - D Shaw
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Shiozawa
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Shirahige
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - S Short
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Smy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - J T Sobczyk
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - H Sobel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Sorel
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - L Southwell
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - J Steinmann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - T Stewart
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, United Kingdom and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - P Stowell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Y Suda
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Suvorov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - S Y Suzuki
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Suzuki
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - R Tacik
- Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Tada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - A Takeda
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y Takeuchi
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - H K Tanaka
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - H A Tanaka
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - D Terhorst
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - R Terri
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Thakore
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - L F Thompson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - S Tobayama
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - W Toki
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - T Tomura
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - C Touramanis
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - T Tsukamoto
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Tzanov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Y Uchida
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Vagins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Z Vallari
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - G Vasseur
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - T Vladisavljevic
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - T Wachala
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - C W Walter
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - D Wark
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, United Kingdom and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - M O Wascko
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Weber
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, United Kingdom and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - R Wendell
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - R J Wilkes
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - M J Wilking
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - C Wilkinson
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - J R Wilson
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - R J Wilson
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - C Wret
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Yamada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Yamamoto
- Department of Physics, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - M Yamamoto
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - C Yanagisawa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - T Yano
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - S Yen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - N Yershov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Yokoyama
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Yoshida
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Yuan
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Yu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Zalewska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - J Zalipska
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - L Zambelli
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Zaremba
- Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Ziembicki
- Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E D Zimmerman
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Zito
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J Żmuda
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
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