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Zielen S, Duecker RP, Woelke S, Donath H, Bakhtiar S, Buecker A, Kreyenberg H, Huenecke S, Bader P, Mahlaoui N, Ehl S, El-Helou SM, Pietrucha B, Plebani A, van der Flier M, van Aerde K, Kilic SS, Reda SM, Kostyuchenko L, McDermott E, Galal N, Pignata C, Pérez JLS, Laws HJ, Niehues T, Kutukculer N, Seidel MG, Marques L, Ciznar P, Edgar JDM, Soler-Palacín P, von Bernuth H, Krueger R, Meyts I, Baumann U, Kanariou M, Grimbacher B, Hauck F, Graf D, Granado LIG, Prader S, Reisli I, Slatter M, Rodríguez-Gallego C, Arkwright PD, Bethune C, Deripapa E, Sharapova SO, Lehmberg K, Davies EG, Schuetz C, Kindle G, Schubert R. Simple Measurement of IgA Predicts Immunity and Mortality in Ataxia-Telangiectasia. J Clin Immunol 2021; 41:1878-1892. [PMID: 34477998 PMCID: PMC8604875 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-021-01090-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Patients with ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) suffer from progressive cerebellar ataxia, immunodeficiency, respiratory failure, and cancer susceptibility. From a clinical point of view, A-T patients with IgA deficiency show more symptoms and may have a poorer prognosis. In this study, we analyzed mortality and immunity data of 659 A-T patients with regard to IgA deficiency collected from the European Society for Immunodeficiencies (ESID) registry and from 66 patients with classical A-T who attended at the Frankfurt Goethe-University between 2012 and 2018. We studied peripheral B- and T-cell subsets and T-cell repertoire of the Frankfurt cohort and survival rates of all A-T patients in the ESID registry. Patients with A-T have significant alterations in their lymphocyte phenotypes. All subsets (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD4/CD45RA, and CD8/CD45RA) were significantly diminished compared to standard values. Patients with IgA deficiency (n = 35) had significantly lower lymphocyte counts compared to A-T patients without IgA deficiency (n = 31) due to a further decrease of naïve CD4 T-cells, central memory CD4 cells, and regulatory T-cells. Although both patient groups showed affected TCR-ß repertoires compared to controls, no differences could be detected between patients with and without IgA deficiency. Overall survival of patients with IgA deficiency was significantly diminished. For the first time, our data show that patients with IgA deficiency have significantly lower lymphocyte counts and subsets, which are accompanied with reduced survival, compared to A-T patients without IgA deficiency. IgA, a simple surrogate marker, is indicating the poorest prognosis for classical A-T patients. Both non-interventional clinical trials were registered at clinicaltrials.gov 2012 (Susceptibility to infections in ataxia-telangiectasia; NCT02345135) and 2017 (Susceptibility to Infections, tumor risk and liver disease in patients with ataxia-telangiectasia; NCT03357978)
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Zielen
- Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department for Children and Adolescents, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ruth Pia Duecker
- Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department for Children and Adolescents, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Sandra Woelke
- Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department for Children and Adolescents, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Helena Donath
- Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department for Children and Adolescents, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sharhzad Bakhtiar
- Division for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Unit, Department for Children and Adolescents, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Aileen Buecker
- Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department for Children and Adolescents, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Hermann Kreyenberg
- Division for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Unit, Department for Children and Adolescents, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sabine Huenecke
- Division for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Unit, Department for Children and Adolescents, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Peter Bader
- Division for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Unit, Department for Children and Adolescents, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nizar Mahlaoui
- Pediatric Immunology-Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, French National Reference Center for Primary Immune Deficiencies (CEREDIH), Necker Children's University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Stephan Ehl
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sabine M El-Helou
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- RESIST - Cluster of Excellence 2155 To Hanover Medical School, Satellite Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Barbara Pietrucha
- Department of Immunology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Av. Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alessandro Plebani
- Pediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. Nocivelli, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia and ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Michiel van der Flier
- Section Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Koen van Aerde
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia's Children Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sara S Kilic
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, the School of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Shereen M Reda
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Larysa Kostyuchenko
- Center of Pediatric Immunology, Western Ukrainian Specialized Children's Medical Centre, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Elizabeth McDermott
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
| | - Nermeen Galal
- Department of Pediatrics, Cairo University Specialized Pediatric Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Claudio Pignata
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Juan Luis Santos Pérez
- Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Service of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario Virgen de Las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Hans-Juergen Laws
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Center of Child and Adolescent Health, Heinrich-Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Tim Niehues
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Health, Helios Klinikum Krefeld, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Necil Kutukculer
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Immunology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Markus G Seidel
- Research Unit for Pediatric Hematology and Immunology, Division of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Laura Marques
- Pediatric Department, Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Porto Hospital Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Peter Ciznar
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Children University Hospital in Bratislava, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Pere Soler-Palacín
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Vall D'Hebron Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Horst von Bernuth
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Immunology and Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Immunology, Labor Berlin Charité - Vivantes GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Renate Krueger
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Immunology and Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, and the Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ulrich Baumann
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maria Kanariou
- Department of Immunology and Histocompatibility, Centre for Primary Immunodeficiencies, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Bodo Grimbacher
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- RESIST - Cluster of Excellence 2155 To Hanover Medical School, Satellite Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- DZIF-German Center for Infection Research, Satellite Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Hauck
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dagmar Graf
- MVZ Dr. Reising-Ackermann Und Kollegen, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Luis Ignacio Gonzalez Granado
- Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Pediatrics, Hospital 12 Octubre, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Seraina Prader
- Division of Immunology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ismail Reisli
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mary Slatter
- Primary Immunodeficiency Group, Paediatric Immunology and Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Great North Childrens' Hospital, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Carlos Rodríguez-Gallego
- Department of Immunology, Dr. Negrin University Hospital of Gran Canaria, University Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Peter D Arkwright
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester and Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Elena Deripapa
- National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana O Sharapova
- Research Department, Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Minsk region, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Kai Lehmberg
- Division for Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, Clinic for Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - E Graham Davies
- Great Ormond Street Hospital and UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Catharina Schuetz
- Department of Pediatrics, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gerhard Kindle
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- FREEZE Biobank, Center for Biobanking, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 115, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Schubert
- Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department for Children and Adolescents, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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El-Helou SM, Biegner AK, Bode S, Ehl SR, Heeg M, Maccari ME, Ritterbusch H, Speckmann C, Rusch S, Scheible R, Warnatz K, Atschekzei F, Beider R, Ernst D, Gerschmann S, Jablonka A, Mielke G, Schmidt RE, Schürmann G, Sogkas G, Baumann UH, Klemann C, Viemann D, von Bernuth H, Krüger R, Hanitsch LG, Scheibenbogen CM, Wittke K, Albert MH, Eichinger A, Hauck F, Klein C, Rack-Hoch A, Sollinger FM, Avila A, Borte M, Borte S, Fasshauer M, Hauenherm A, Kellner N, Müller AH, Ülzen A, Bader P, Bakhtiar S, Lee JY, Heß U, Schubert R, Wölke S, Zielen S, Ghosh S, Laws HJ, Neubert J, Oommen PT, Hönig M, Schulz A, Steinmann S, Schwarz K, Dückers G, Lamers B, Langemeyer V, Niehues T, Shai S, Graf D, Müglich C, Schmalzing MT, Schwaneck EC, Tony HP, Dirks J, Haase G, Liese JG, Morbach H, Foell D, Hellige A, Wittkowski H, Masjosthusmann K, Mohr M, Geberzahn L, Hedrich CM, Müller C, Rösen-Wolff A, Roesler J, Zimmermann A, Behrends U, Rieber N, Schauer U, Handgretinger R, Holzer U, Henes J, Kanz L, Boesecke C, Rockstroh JK, Schwarze-Zander C, Wasmuth JC, Dilloo D, Hülsmann B, Schönberger S, Schreiber S, Zeuner R, Ankermann T, von Bismarck P, Huppertz HI, Kaiser-Labusch P, Greil J, Jakoby D, Kulozik AE, Metzler M, Naumann-Bartsch N, Sobik B, Graf N, Heine S, Kobbe R, Lehmberg K, Müller I, Herrmann F, Horneff G, Klein A, Peitz J, Schmidt N, Bielack S, Groß-Wieltsch U, Classen CF, Klasen J, Deutz P, Kamitz D, Lassay L, Tenbrock K, Wagner N, Bernbeck B, Brummel B, Lara-Villacanas E, Münstermann E, Schneider DT, Tietsch N, Westkemper M, Weiß M, Kramm C, Kühnle I, Kullmann S, Girschick H, Specker C, Vinnemeier-Laubenthal E, Haenicke H, Schulz C, Schweigerer L, Müller TG, Stiefel M, Belohradsky BH, Soetedjo V, Kindle G, Grimbacher B. The German National Registry of Primary Immunodeficiencies (2012-2017). Front Immunol 2019; 10:1272. [PMID: 31379802 PMCID: PMC6659583 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The German PID-NET registry was founded in 2009, serving as the first national registry of patients with primary immunodeficiencies (PID) in Germany. It is part of the European Society for Immunodeficiencies (ESID) registry. The primary purpose of the registry is to gather data on the epidemiology, diagnostic delay, diagnosis, and treatment of PIDs. Methods: Clinical and laboratory data was collected from 2,453 patients from 36 German PID centres in an online registry. Data was analysed with the software Stata® and Excel. Results: The minimum prevalence of PID in Germany is 2.72 per 100,000 inhabitants. Among patients aged 1-25, there was a clear predominance of males. The median age of living patients ranged between 7 and 40 years, depending on the respective PID. Predominantly antibody disorders were the most prevalent group with 57% of all 2,453 PID patients (including 728 CVID patients). A gene defect was identified in 36% of patients. Familial cases were observed in 21% of patients. The age of onset for presenting symptoms ranged from birth to late adulthood (range 0-88 years). Presenting symptoms comprised infections (74%) and immune dysregulation (22%). Ninety-three patients were diagnosed without prior clinical symptoms. Regarding the general and clinical diagnostic delay, no PID had undergone a slight decrease within the last decade. However, both, SCID and hyper IgE- syndrome showed a substantial improvement in shortening the time between onset of symptoms and genetic diagnosis. Regarding treatment, 49% of all patients received immunoglobulin G (IgG) substitution (70%-subcutaneous; 29%-intravenous; 1%-unknown). Three-hundred patients underwent at least one hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Five patients had gene therapy. Conclusion: The German PID-NET registry is a precious tool for physicians, researchers, the pharmaceutical industry, politicians, and ultimately the patients, for whom the outcomes will eventually lead to a more timely diagnosis and better treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine M. El-Helou
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- RESIST - Cluster of Excellence 2155 to Hanover Medical School, Satellite Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anika-Kerstin Biegner
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bode
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stephan R. Ehl
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Heeg
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maria E. Maccari
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Henrike Ritterbusch
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Speckmann
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Rusch
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Central Facility Biobanking, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Raphael Scheible
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Warnatz
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Faranaz Atschekzei
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Renata Beider
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Diana Ernst
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stev Gerschmann
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexandra Jablonka
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gudrun Mielke
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Reinhold E. Schmidt
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gesine Schürmann
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Georgios Sogkas
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrich H. Baumann
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Klemann
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dorothee Viemann
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Horst von Bernuth
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Immunology and Intensive Care, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Renate Krüger
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Immunology and Intensive Care, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leif G. Hanitsch
- Outpatient Clinic for Immunodeficiencies, Institute Medical Immunology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carmen M. Scheibenbogen
- Outpatient Clinic for Immunodeficiencies, Institute Medical Immunology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kirsten Wittke
- Outpatient Clinic for Immunodeficiencies, Institute Medical Immunology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael H. Albert
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Eichinger
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Fabian Hauck
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Klein
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anita Rack-Hoch
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Franz M. Sollinger
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Avila
- ImmunoDeficiencyCenter Leipzig (IDCL), Hospital St. Georg gGmbH Leipzig, Academic Teaching Hospital of the University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Borte
- ImmunoDeficiencyCenter Leipzig (IDCL), Hospital St. Georg gGmbH Leipzig, Academic Teaching Hospital of the University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephan Borte
- ImmunoDeficiencyCenter Leipzig (IDCL), Hospital St. Georg gGmbH Leipzig, Academic Teaching Hospital of the University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maria Fasshauer
- ImmunoDeficiencyCenter Leipzig (IDCL), Hospital St. Georg gGmbH Leipzig, Academic Teaching Hospital of the University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anja Hauenherm
- ImmunoDeficiencyCenter Leipzig (IDCL), Hospital St. Georg gGmbH Leipzig, Academic Teaching Hospital of the University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nils Kellner
- ImmunoDeficiencyCenter Leipzig (IDCL), Hospital St. Georg gGmbH Leipzig, Academic Teaching Hospital of the University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anna H. Müller
- ImmunoDeficiencyCenter Leipzig (IDCL), Hospital St. Georg gGmbH Leipzig, Academic Teaching Hospital of the University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anett Ülzen
- ImmunoDeficiencyCenter Leipzig (IDCL), Hospital St. Georg gGmbH Leipzig, Academic Teaching Hospital of the University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Bader
- Division for Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, Department for Children and Adolescents, Frankfurt University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Shahrzad Bakhtiar
- Division for Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, Department for Children and Adolescents, Frankfurt University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jae-Yun Lee
- Division for Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, Department for Children and Adolescents, Frankfurt University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ursula Heß
- Department for Children and Adolescents, Division for Allergology, Pneumology and Cystic Fibrosis, University Hospital Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ralf Schubert
- Department for Children and Adolescents, Division for Allergology, Pneumology and Cystic Fibrosis, University Hospital Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sandra Wölke
- Department for Children and Adolescents, Division for Allergology, Pneumology and Cystic Fibrosis, University Hospital Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stefan Zielen
- Department for Children and Adolescents, Division for Allergology, Pneumology and Cystic Fibrosis, University Hospital Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sujal Ghosh
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Children's Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans-Juergen Laws
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Children's Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jennifer Neubert
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Children's Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Prasad T. Oommen
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Children's Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Manfred Hönig
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ansgar Schulz
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sandra Steinmann
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Klaus Schwarz
- Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen and Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Gregor Dückers
- Centre for Child and Adolescenct Health, Helios Klinikum Krefeld, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Beate Lamers
- Centre for Child and Adolescenct Health, Helios Klinikum Krefeld, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Vanessa Langemeyer
- Centre for Child and Adolescenct Health, Helios Klinikum Krefeld, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Tim Niehues
- Centre for Child and Adolescenct Health, Helios Klinikum Krefeld, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Sonu Shai
- Centre for Child and Adolescenct Health, Helios Klinikum Krefeld, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Dagmar Graf
- MVZ Dr. Reising-Ackermann und Kollegen, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Carmen Müglich
- Rheumatology/Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marc T. Schmalzing
- Rheumatology/Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Eva C. Schwaneck
- Rheumatology/Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Tony
- Rheumatology/Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Dirks
- Pediatric Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gabriele Haase
- Pediatric Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johannes G. Liese
- Pediatric Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Henner Morbach
- Pediatric Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Foell
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany
| | - Antje Hellige
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany
| | - Helmut Wittkowski
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany
| | - Katja Masjosthusmann
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Michael Mohr
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Linda Geberzahn
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian M. Hedrich
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Christiane Müller
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Angela Rösen-Wolff
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Joachim Roesler
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Antje Zimmermann
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Uta Behrends
- Department of Pediatrics, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, StKM GmbH und Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Rieber
- Department of Pediatrics, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, StKM GmbH und Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Oncology/Haematology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Uwe Schauer
- University Children's Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Rupert Handgretinger
- Department of Oncology/Haematology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ursula Holzer
- Department of Oncology/Haematology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jörg Henes
- Department of Internal Medicine II (Oncology, Hematology, Rheumatology, Immunology), University Hospital Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Lothar Kanz
- Department of Internal Medicine II (Oncology, Hematology, Rheumatology, Immunology), University Hospital Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Boesecke
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Bonn University Hospital, Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Dagmar Dilloo
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Bonn University Hospital, Bonn, Germany
| | - Brigitte Hülsmann
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Bonn University Hospital, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Schönberger
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Bonn University Hospital, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Department of General Internal Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Rainald Zeuner
- Department of General Internal Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tobias Ankermann
- Klinik für Kinder und Jugendmedizin I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Philipp von Bismarck
- Klinik für Kinder und Jugendmedizin I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hans-Iko Huppertz
- Prof.-Hess Childrens Hospital, Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Johann Greil
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology and Hopp Children's Tumor Center, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Donate Jakoby
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology and Hopp Children's Tumor Center, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas E. Kulozik
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology and Hopp Children's Tumor Center, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Metzler
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nora Naumann-Bartsch
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bettina Sobik
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Norbert Graf
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Saarland University Homburg, Homburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Heine
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Saarland University Homburg, Homburg, Germany
| | - Robin Kobbe
- Division for Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kai Lehmberg
- Division for Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Müller
- Division for Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Friedrich Herrmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Asklepios Clinic Sankt Augustin, Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | - Gerd Horneff
- Department of Pediatrics, Asklepios Clinic Sankt Augustin, Sankt Augustin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescents Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ariane Klein
- Department of Pediatrics, Asklepios Clinic Sankt Augustin, Sankt Augustin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescents Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Joachim Peitz
- Department of Pediatrics, Asklepios Clinic Sankt Augustin, Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | - Nadine Schmidt
- Department of Pediatrics, Asklepios Clinic Sankt Augustin, Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | - Stefan Bielack
- Pediatrics 5 (Oncology, Hematology, Immunology), Center for Pediatric, Adolescent and Women's Medicine, Klinikum Stuttgart - Olgahospital, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ute Groß-Wieltsch
- Pediatrics 5 (Oncology, Hematology, Immunology), Center for Pediatric, Adolescent and Women's Medicine, Klinikum Stuttgart - Olgahospital, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Carl F. Classen
- Oncology Hematology Division, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jessica Klasen
- Oncology Hematology Division, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nadine Tietsch
- Clinic of Pediatrics, Klinikum Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Michael Weiß
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Amsterdamer Strasse, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christof Kramm
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ingrid Kühnle
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Silke Kullmann
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Christof Specker
- Clinic of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Hospitals Essen-Mitte, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Henriette Haenicke
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescents Medicine, Helios Hospital Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Schulz
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescents Medicine, Helios Hospital Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lothar Schweigerer
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescents Medicine, Helios Hospital Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas G. Müller
- Department for Pediatrics I, Martin Luther University Hospital, Halle, Germany
| | - Martina Stiefel
- Department for Pediatrics I, Martin Luther University Hospital, Halle, Germany
| | - Bernd H. Belohradsky
- dsai - Deutsche Selbsthilfe Angeborene Immundefekte e.V. (Patient Organization) e.V., Schnaitsee, Germany
| | - Veronika Soetedjo
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Kindle
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Central Facility Biobanking, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bodo Grimbacher
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- RESIST - Cluster of Excellence 2155 to Hanover Medical School, Satellite Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- DZIF – German Center for Infection Research, Satellite Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS – Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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