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Majid H, Masoom M, Bansal N, Ahmad W, Khan MF, Farooqui S, Bhurani D, Khan MA. Spectrum of infections in different regimens of post-induction chemotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia ( de-novo): A comparative retrospective study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24561. [PMID: 38317981 PMCID: PMC10839883 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Patients diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) face a heightened susceptibility to infections, which significantly elevates their risk of mortality and disability. The intensity of the chemotherapy treatment and its specific focus on inhibiting myeloid cell divisions render patients especially vulnerable, particularly during the early stages of chemotherapy. This vulnerability is compounded by the occurrence of repeated episodes of prolonged neutropenia, leaving patients highly susceptible to infections. The compromised immune systems of these individuals make them more susceptible to infections, which adversely affect their physical health and overall well-being. Consequently, our study aimed to investigate the range of infections experienced by patients with newly diagnosed AML undergoing different induction chemotherapy. Methods This was a comparative retrospective study, conducted at a tertiary hospital providing comprehensive cancer care in North India. All newly diagnosed patients with AML, who received induction chemotherapy from January 1, 2012 to November 1, 2022, were identified from the hospital database and included in this study. Results Four hundred and twenty AML patients treated with either high-intensity or low-intensity induction chemotherapy was observed in this study. It was found that patients who received high-intensity treatment had a higher rate of clinically and microbiologically documented infections, fever without a known cause, and more cases of febrile neutropenia than those who got low-intensity treatment. These differences between the two groups were particularly evident on day 14 (p = 0.0002) and persisted through day 28 (p = 0.005). Conclusions These findings underscore the effectiveness and downside of high-intensity induction chemotherapy regimens, as evidenced by the higher incidence of infections observed. Further investigation through prospective clinical studies is warranted to better evaluate and validate the efficacy of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haya Majid
- Department of Translational & Clinical Research, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Md Masoom
- Department of Translational & Clinical Research, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Nitin Bansal
- Department of Haemato-Oncology & Bone Marrow Transplantation, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, Rohini, New Delhi, 110085, India
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Safaa, Dammam 34222, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Faiyaz Khan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadaf Farooqui
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dinesh Bhurani
- Department of Haemato-Oncology & Bone Marrow Transplantation, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, Rohini, New Delhi, 110085, India
| | - Mohd Ashif Khan
- Department of Translational & Clinical Research, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
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Khan MF, Ahmad N, Alkholifi FK, Ullah Z, Khalid MS, Akhtar S, Farooqui S, Khan N, Chaudhary AA, Alawam AS, Ali MAM. Preparation of novel S-allyl cysteine chitosan based nanoparticles for use in ischemic brain treatment. RSC Adv 2024; 14:160-180. [PMID: 38173594 PMCID: PMC10759039 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05933b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: To enhance the brain bioavailability of S-allyl-l-cysteine (SC) by developing novel S-allyl-l-cysteine chitosan nanoparticles (SC CS NPs) and examining the quantity of SC by developing a novel method of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) in ischemic rat brain treatment. Methods: The ionotropic gelation method was used to develop S-allyl cysteine-loaded CS NPs. The 4-factor, 5-level central composite design was optimized to determine the effect of independent variables, i.e., particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, EE, and loading capacity, together with their characterization, followed by drug release and intranasal permeation to enhance the brain bioavailability and examination of their neurobehavioral and biochemical parameters with their histopathological examination. Results: SC CS NPs were optimized at the particle size of 93.21 ± 3.31 nm (PDI: 0.317 ± 0.003), zeta potential of 44.4 ± 2.93, and drug loading of 41.23 ± 1.97% with an entrapment efficiency of 82.61 ± 4.93% having sustain and controlled release (79.92 ± 3.86%) with great permeation (>80.0%) of SC. SC showed the retention time of 1.021 min and 162.50/73.05 m/z. SC showed good linearity in the range of 5.0-1300.0 ng mL-1, % inter-and-intraday accuracy of 96.00-99.06% and CV of 4.38-4.38%. We observed significant results, i.e., p < 0.001 for improved (AUC)0-24 and Cmax delivered via i.v. and i.n. dose. We also observed the highly significantly observations of SC CS NPs (i.n.) based on their treatment results for the biochemical, neurobehavioral, and histopathological examination in the developed ischemic MCAO brain rat model. Conclusion: The excellent significant role of mucoadhesive CS NPs of SC was proven based on the enhancement in the brain bioavailability of SC via i.n. delivery in rats and easy targeting of the brain for ischemic brain treatment followed by an improvement in neuroprotection based on a very small dose of SC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Faiyaz Khan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Alkharj Saudi Arabia
| | - Niyaz Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University P. O. Box 1982 Dammam 31441 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia +966 13 333 0290 +966 13 333 5541 +966 531203626
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Green Research Lab Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal K Alkholifi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al Kharj Saudi Arabia
| | - Zabih Ullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Dentistry, Buraydah Colleges Alqassim Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Saifuddin Khalid
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Akhtar
- Department of Physics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultation (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University P. O. Box 1982 Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadaf Farooqui
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Alkharj Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazia Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Anis Ahmad Chaudhary
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S Alawam
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A M Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University Abbassia 11566 Cairo Egypt
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Farooqui S, Chan A, Cullen JF, Milea D. Too Young to Undergo Temporal Artery Biopsy? Calciphylaxis-Related Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy. Neuroophthalmology 2018; 43:252-255. [PMID: 31528191 DOI: 10.1080/01658107.2018.1493739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A 39-year-old male patient with end-stage renal failure presented with unexplained isolated unilateral anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, high sedimentation rate, and high CRP. Despite the relatively young age of the patient, an ipsilateral temporal artery biopsy was performed, disclosing calciphylaxis, a highly morbid condition associated with end-stage renal failure, which requires urgent, specific management.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Farooqui
- Ophthalmology Department, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Asy Chan
- Ophthalmology Department, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.,Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - J F Cullen
- Ophthalmology Department, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - D Milea
- Ophthalmology Department, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.,Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
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Gillani SW, Abdul MIM, Zaghloul HA, Ansari IA, Ata-ur-Rahman S, Farooqui S. Management of diabetes and arthritis –A systematic review. TROP J PHARM RES 2018. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v17i5.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Elias A, Vaziri N, Farooqui S, Martin D, Mirahmadi M. Pathology of Endocrine Organs in Chronic Renal Failure - An Autopsy Analysis of 66 Patients. Int J Artif Organs 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/039139888400700505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A.N. Elias
- Department of Medicine Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical Center Orange, CA. 92668, U.S.A
| | - N.D. Vaziri
- Division of Nephrology University of California, Irvine, Medical Center Orange, CA. 92668, U.S.A
| | - S. Farooqui
- Division of Nephrology University of California, Irvine, Medical Center Orange, CA. 92668, U.S.A
| | - D.C. Martin
- Division of Nephrology University of California, Irvine, Medical Center Orange, CA. 92668, U.S.A
| | - M.K. Mirahmadi
- Division of Nephrology University of California, Irvine, Medical Center Orange, CA. 92668, U.S.A
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Affiliation(s)
- R.D. Fairshter
- Departments of Medicine and Surgery Pulmonary and Nephrology Divisions University of California, Irvine Medical Center
| | - N.D. Vaziri
- Departments of Medicine and Surgery Pulmonary and Nephrology Divisions University of California, Irvine Medical Center
| | - S. Farooqui
- Departments of Medicine and Surgery Pulmonary and Nephrology Divisions University of California, Irvine Medical Center
| | - D. Martin
- Departments of Medicine and Surgery Pulmonary and Nephrology Divisions University of California, Irvine Medical Center
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Sarandria JJ, Escano M, Kamangar F, Farooqui S, Montgomery E, Cunningham SC. Massive splenomegaly correlates with malignancy: 180 cases of splenic littoral cell tumors in the world literature. MINERVA CHIR 2014; 69:229-237. [PMID: 24987971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Littoral cell tumors (LCT) are rare primary splenic neoplasms, unique for their morphologic and immunolabeling features resembling the endothelial littoral cells lining the sinusoids of the red pulp. They include the more common and typically benign littoral cell angioma, as well as the less common, potentially malignant, littoral cell hemangioendothelioma (LCHE) and the aggressive littoral cell angiosarcoma (LCAS). The most common presentation of these neoplasms is splenomegaly, and diagnosis is made histologically following biopsy or resection. To better understand these tumors, a comprehensive, international literature search was performed. Patient and tumor data, including presenting symptoms, comorbid cancers, immunosuppressive states, splenic mass and tumor size were analyzed. Massive splenomegaly (≥ 1500 g) following splenic resection, which correlates with a splenic length of 20 cm preoperatively, was found to be significantly associated with the presence of malignancy in the LCT (P<0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Sarandria
- Department of Surgery, Saint Agnes Hospital Center, Baltimore, MD, USA -
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Saeed O, Jermyn R, Mannem S, Nucci C, Casazza D, Farooqui S, Bloom M, McLarty A, Zolty R, Shin J, D’Alessandro D, Goldstein D, Patel S. Intracranial Hemorrhage Is Associated with a Higher Doppler Blood Pressure during Continuous Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device Support. J Heart Lung Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.01.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Lindell-Osuagwu L, Sepponen K, Farooqui S, Kokki H, Hämeen-Anttila K, Vainio K. Parental reporting of adverse drug events and other drug-related problems in children in Finland. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2012; 69:985-94. [PMID: 23093040 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-012-1426-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Drug-related problems (DRPs) are common in paediatric pharmacotherapy, but few studies describe them from the parents' perspective. In the present survey, we have investigated the lifetime prevalence and type of DRPs in children in Finland. METHODS This was a population-based survey of a random sample of 6,000 children below 12 years of age in 2007. A questionnaire was sent to their parents. The final response rate was 67% with a study population of 4,032. The main outcome measure was the lifetime prevalence and type of DRPs. RESULTS The lifetime prevalence of DRPs was 21% (95% CI 20-22). The most common (82%) of the 1,346 reported DRPs were adverse drug events (ADEs). The prevalence of ADEs was 17% (95% CI 16-19), that of other DRPs 5.2% (95% CI 4.5-5.9). The prevalence of serious ADEs was 0.4% and that of unexpected ADEs was 0.8%. The most common system involved in the ADEs was the gastrointestinal tract, comprising 34% of the 1,106 ADEs. The most common of the 240 other DRPs were problems with the administration and dosing of medicine (86%). Overall, 64% of DRPs were related to anti-infectives. CONCLUSIONS One fifth of the Finnish children below 12 years of age had experienced DRPs. Appropriate counselling, including possible adverse drug reactions and dosing directions, is important for parents and children at both the prescribing and dispensing of medicines for paediatric patients. Reporting of any suspected serious or unexpected ADEs is an essential part of efficient pharmacovigilance in paediatrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lindell-Osuagwu
- School of Pharmacy, Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
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Farooqui S, Boswell W, Hemphill JM, Pearlman E. Vagus nerve stimulation in pediatric patients with intractable epilepsy: case series and operative technique. Am Surg 2001; 67:119-21. [PMID: 11243532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Patients with epilepsy refractory to medical therapy or who experience intolerable side effects from the medication may benefit from placement and activation of a vagus nerve stimulator (VNS) (Cyberonics, Houston, TX). We present our experience with the VNS implanted by a pediatric surgeon and its activation managed by a pediatric neurologist. Six patients (one male and five females) with average age 11 years, 10 months (range 7 years, 4 months to 18 years, 1 month) received VNS implants at a community-based teaching hospital. One patient developed a self-inflicted wound complication secondary to persistent trauma at the implant site that led to removal of the implant. Before VNS implantation the frequency of seizures among the remaining five patients averaged 73 per patient per month (range 20-165). Length of follow-up averaged 6.5 months (range 1.5-11 months). At most recent follow-up seizure frequency averaged 14 per month (range 1-42); this represents an average reduction of 78 per cent (range 30-99%). We conclude that a pediatric surgeon with pediatric neurologic support can safely and effectively perform the VNS implantation at a hospital equipped to administer anesthesia to pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Farooqui
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Health University Medical Center, Savannah, Georgia 31403, USA
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Punn A, Mockridge JW, Farooqui S, Marber MS, Heads RJ. Sustained activation of p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein kinase during recovery from simulated ischaemia mediates adaptive cytoprotection in cardiomyocytes. Biochem J 2000; 350 Pt 3:891-9. [PMID: 10970806 PMCID: PMC1221324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Delayed cytoprotection (preconditioning) occurs 24 h after sublethal simulated ischaemia and reperfusion (SI/R) in neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes. SI/R was used to investigate the role of activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), stress-activated protein kinases (SAPKs) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent protein kinase B (PKB)/Akt in cytoprotection. SI resulted in transient dual (Thr/Tyr) phosphorylation of p42/p44-MAPK and p38-MAPK, weak phosphorylation of p46/p54-SAPK, but no phosphorylation of PKB. 'Reperfusion' caused further transient phosphorylation of p38-MAPK, but sustained phosphorylation of p42/p44-MAPK (lasting 4 h) and of Ser(473) of PKB (lasting 2 h). Furthermore, SI/R (24 h) induced delayed protection against lethal SI, as determined by an increase in cell viability ¿bioreduction of MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide]¿ and a decrease in cell injury (release of creatine kinase). Both protection and phosphorylation of p42/p44-MAPK were blocked by the MEK-1/2 (MAPK/Erk kinase-1/2) inhibitor PD98059 (50 microM) when given during SI/R, but not when given during SI alone. The p38-MAPK inhibitor SB203580 (10 microM) blocked the p38-MAPK-dependent phosphorylation of activating transcription factor 2 in vitro, and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor wortmannin (100 nM) blocked PKB phosphorylation on Ser(473). However, neither SB203580 nor wortmannin had any effect on delayed protection. Therefore sustained activation of p42/p44-MAPK during simulated 'reperfusion' following sublethal SI mediates preconditioning in cardiomyocytes independently of transient activation of p38-MAPK or sustained activation of PKB.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Punn
- Department of Cardiology, King's College London, The Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London SE1 7EH, U.K
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Ahmed A, Salahuddin N, Ahsan T, Afsar S, Nasir N, Farooqui S, Chaoudri AN, Akhtar MA, Agha I, Nagi N. Enoxacin in the treatment of typhoid fever. Clin Ther 1992; 14:825-8. [PMID: 1286490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Enoxacin 400 mg twice daily was given orally to 40 patients who had Salmonella typhi- or Salmonella paratyphi-positive blood or bone marrow cultures. One patient was switched to parenteral therapy within 48 hours of study enrollment, but the remaining 39 patients were given enoxacin for 10 to 14 days. All 39 patients were cured by enoxacin, even though 23 (58.9%) strains were resistant to cotrimoxazole and 16 (41%) strains were multiply resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and cotrimoxazole. No adverse events necessitated the interruption of therapy. In this study, enoxacin was well tolerated and efficacious in the treatment of typhoid fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ahmed
- Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
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Abstract
The precise distribution of the dopamine type D2 receptor has been mapped for the first time in rat brain using an antibody to D2 receptor protein. Polyclonal antisera were collected from rabbits inoculated with an undecapeptide identical to residues 24-34 of the D2 protein sequence. Rat brain slices, 40 microns in thickness, were incubated with either primary antiserum, the antiserum plus free peptide antigen, or pre-immune serum. Antibody binding was visualized by peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) reaction followed by light microscopy. PAP complex bound moderately-to-densely throughout the medial forebrain bundle, and was seen in more discrete regions in the midbrain, consistent with the binding of D2 radioligands. There were some unexpected results, namely in the cerebral cortex and nucleus accumbens, there were unexpectedly steep gradients in binding density, decreasing caudally; no binding was detected in the hippocampus or the substantia nigra pars reticulata. In all positive-staining regions examined, the antibody was highly localized to neuronal cell bodies, except in the frontal cortex where antibody was also evident on basilar dendrites. These data confirm that the polyclonal antibody recognized dopamine D2 receptor protein throughout the rat brain, and suggest that the D2 receptor is distributed more abundantly on somata than on cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Brock
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808
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Affiliation(s)
- R Nath
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Frye EB, Vaziri ND, Martin DC, Farooqui S. Cardiovascular pathology in renal transplant recipients. J Natl Med Assoc 1986; 78:1187-91. [PMID: 3543380 PMCID: PMC2571417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Various cardiovascular complications are among the major causes of mortality in renal transplant recipients. The authors examined the cardiovascular findings from necropsy of 18 renal transplant patients. All but three of the patients showed one or more pathological abnormalities. Five patients exhibited severe coronary arteriosclerosis with acute myocardial infarction with a history of myocardial infarction noted in four patients. In addition, one patient showed moderate and two showed mild coronary arteriosclerosis. Also prevalent were left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (10/18), right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy (7/18), LV dilatation (4/18), RV dilatation (8/18), left atrial dilatation (3/18), and right atrial dilatation (6/18). Valvular abnormalities consisted of dilatations of mitral ring (1/18), pulmonic valve (2/18), and tricuspid valve (3/18). Pericarditis was found in two patients and aortic atherosclerosis in ten patients. Findings on routine chest roentgenograms and electrocardiograms did not always correspond with the anatomical findings noted on necropsy examination. The results demonstrate a marked increase in the incidence of various cardiac abnormalities in renal transplant recipients.
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Sidhu H, Gupta R, Farooqui S, Thind SK, Nath R. Absorption of glyoxylate and oxalate in thiamine and pyridoxine deficient rat intestine. Biochem Int 1986; 12:71-9. [PMID: 3947375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Dietary deficiency of thiamine or pyridoxine has been shown to produce hyperoxaluria and renal stone formation in man and experimental animals. To determine the possible contribution of exogenous glyoxylate and oxalate, the intestinal transport of [14C] - oxalate and [14C] - glyoxylate was measured in vitamin B1 and B6 deficient rats and their respective pair-fed controls. Results indicate that glyoxylate and oxalate are passively diffused from lumen to lamina propria in thiamine deficient and their pair-fed controls with no significant change in the rate of uptake of both the substrates. However B6 deficient rats showed a significant enhancement in the rate of oxalate uptake due to development of a new biphasic transport system. The rate of glyoxylate uptake by simple passive diffusion remained unaltered in pyridoxine deficiency.
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Nagpal JP, Wali RK, Singh R, Farooqui S, Majumdar S, Mahmood A. Inhibition of D-glucose uptake by isatin in rat intestine: effect of harmaline and various sulfhydryl reagents. Biochem Med 1985; 34:207-13. [PMID: 4084244 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2944(85)90113-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The effect of isatin (indole-2,3-dione) on D-glucose uptake has been studied in rat intestine. Isatin at 6 mM concentration significantly inhibited both the sugar uptake and transmural (mucosal to serosal side) transport in the intestine. The suppression of glucose uptake by isatin was irreversible. Similar to the action of various SH-group-reacting agents, isatin inhibited the sugar uptake, presumably by binding to membrane sulfhydryl groups through a covalent linkage. Isatin-induced reduction in glucose uptake was unaffected by pH (between 5.5 and 8.4) and by DTT addition to incubation medium. Inhibition of sugar uptake by isatin and harmaline was additive in nature; this suggested that these compounds interact at different sites on the microvillus membrane surface.
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Fairshter RD, Vaziri ND, Farooqui S, Martin D. Pulmonary pathology in renal transplant recipients. Int J Artif Organs 1984; 7:327-30. [PMID: 6396238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Studies of the lungs have revealed multiple functional and histopathological abnormalities in patients with chronic renal failure, but data following renal transplantation are extremely limited. We examined postmortem data from 20 transplant patients and found pulmonary abnormalities in most patients. The number of pulmonary abnormalities noted in patients with poor transplantation, averaged 5.3 per patient. The corresponding number was significantly less (3.4 per patient) in the group with good transplant renal function, surviving more than one year after transplantation. Pulmonary calcification, fibrosis, and hemosiderosis were found in several patients in the former group but in none of the latter group. This observation suggests reversibility of these pulmonary abnormalities with successful renal transplantation.
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Farooqui S, Thind SK, Nath R, Mahmood A. Evidence of increased intestinal absorption of oxalate in rats induced for bladder stone. Indian J Exp Biol 1984; 22:555-6. [PMID: 6530252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Elias AN, Vaziri ND, Farooqui S, Martin DC, Mirahmadi MK. Pathology of endocrine organs in chronic renal failure--an autopsy analysis of 66 patients. Int J Artif Organs 1984; 7:251-6. [PMID: 6500730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Gross and microscopic findings at autopsy are reported in 66 patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Nineteen patients received renal transplant, and 47 were maintained on chronic dialysis. Thyromegaly was seen in over half of the dialysis patients and in a third of the transplant recipients. The mean weight of the thyroid gland in the two groups was similar (26.2 +/- 4.5 g in the transplant group and 27.2 +/- 6 g in the group on dialysis). The parathyroid glands were hyperplastic in 10/11 dialysis patients (91%), but of normal size in 78% of the transplant recipients. Adrenal gland atrophy was common in the transplant group, probably reflecting adrenal suppression by glucocorticoids. Seminiferous tubular atrophy was observed in 12/16 dialysis patients and small testes were noted on gross examination in 50% of the transplant recipients. Prominent autopsy findings were goiter, parathyroid gland hyperplasia, and testicular atrophy. Following transplantation parathyroid gland hyperplasia declined, whereas goiter and testicular atrophy appeared to persist.
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Farooqui S, Nath R, Thind SK, Mahmood A. Effect of pyridoxine deficiency on intestinal absorption of calcium and oxalate: chemical composition of brush border membranes in rats. Biochem Med 1984; 32:34-42. [PMID: 6497870 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2944(84)90006-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
[U-14C]oxalic acid and 45Ca uptake was measured in control and vitamin B6-deficient rats. Calcium and oxalate uptake rates were significantly increased from the intestine of vitamin B6-deficient rats as compared to pair-fed controls. Oxalate uptake in pair-fed control rats follows a passive diffusion. In pyridoxine-deficient rats, the oxalate uptake increases nonlinearly as the oxalate concentration in the incubation medium increased, indicating a two-component system--a saturable sodium-independent uptake and a linear nonsaturable passive-diffusion component. The brush border membrane composition reveals that membrane sialic acid, cholesterol, and protein contents were markedly reduced. These aberrations in the chemical composition of brush border membrane may be responsible for the enhanced oxalic acid uptake in vitamin B6-deficient rats.
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Sharma V, Farooqui S, Thind SK, Nath R. Intestinal oxalate uptake in castrated male and female rats: evidence for altered brush border membrane composition. Biochem Int 1984; 9:69-75. [PMID: 6477640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal uptake rate of oxalate (mumoles/h/g tissue wt.) in castrated male (CM) rats, CM rats administered estradiol, and female (F) rats was 1.8, 1.4 and 1.3 times higher than that of male rats, whereas castrated female (CF) rats and CF rats administered testosterone absorbed oxalate at a rate similar to F rats, thereby, suggesting that gonadectomy affected intestinal uptake of oxalate only in male rats The intestinal oxalate uptake rate in all the groups increased linearly with increasing oxalate concentration (0.1- 6.0 mM). Chemical composition of brush border membrane showed significant changes in the sialic acid, phospholipid and cholesterol content following castration, which may lead to ultrastructural changes in the membrane thereby, increasing the absorption of oxalate.
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Murthy MS, Farooqui S, Talwar HS, Thind SK, Nath R, Rajendran L, Bapna BC. Effect of pyridoxine supplementation on recurrent stone formers. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 1982; 20:434-437. [PMID: 7141762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Twelve recurrent stone formers with hyperoxaluria were administered pyridoxine-HCl (10 mg/day) daily for a period of 180 days. The pyridoxine status of the patients, as assessed by their erythrocyte transaminase activation indexes, improved significantly (p less than 0.001) after 180 days of supplementation as compared with the basal levels. Although urinary oxalate decreased significantly (p less than 0.05) by the 90th day of pyridoxine therapy, other parameters, e.g., urinary calcium, phosphorus, and creatinine, remained unaltered. Significant correlation was observed between erythrocyte glutamate pyruvate transaminase (EGPT) or erythrocyte glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (EGOT) activation index and urinary oxalate excretion (p less than 0.01). Pyridoxine in low doses (10 mg/day) is of therapeutic value for hyperoxaluric stone formers.
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Farooqui S, Mahmood A, Nath R, Thind SK. Nutrition & urolithiasis: Part I-intestinal absorption of oxalate in vitamin B6 deficient rats. Indian J Exp Biol 1981; 19:551-4. [PMID: 7275215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Thind SK, Nath R, Farooqui S, Murthy MSR. Therapeutic Role of Vitamin B6 on Oxalate Metabolism in Urolithiasis and its Effect on Hyperoxaluria Induced in Rats by Ethylene Glycol. Urolithiasis 1981. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-8977-4_139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Farooqui S, Mahmood A, Nath R, Thind SK. Effect of Vitamin B6 Deficiency on the Intestinal Absorption and Excretion of Oxalate in Rats. Urolithiasis 1981. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-8977-4_126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Rab SM, Farooqui S. Prazosin in the treatment of hypertension - a preliminary report. Br J Clin Pract 1975; 29:337-8 passim. [PMID: 764840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Farooqui S, Naeema, Nasir A, Naqvi AJ. Analysis of 1,423 (new patients) referred to the nephro-urology department of the Jinnah post-graduate medical centre, Karachi--a five years study. J PAK MED ASSOC 1975; 25:286-8. [PMID: 814273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Ahmed SI, Zafar T, Farooqui S, Jaffer Naqvi SA. Urine examination of 1,460 patients suspected of urinary tract infection. J PAK MED ASSOC 1975; 25:169-70. [PMID: 814319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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