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Okasha HH, Abdellatef A, Elkholy S, Mogawer MS, Yosry A, Elserafy M, Medhat E, Khalaf H, Fouad M, Elbaz T, Ramadan A, Behiry ME, Y William K, Habib G, Kaddah M, Abdel-Hamid H, Abou-Elmagd A, Galal A, Abbas WA, Altonbary AY, El-Ansary M, Abdou AE, Haggag H, Abdellah TA, Elfeki MA, Faheem HA, Khattab HM, El-Ansary M, Beshir S, El-Nady M. Role of endoscopic ultrasound and cyst fluid tumor markers in diagnosis of pancreatic cystic lesions. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2022; 14:402-415. [PMID: 35978716 PMCID: PMC9265252 DOI: 10.4253/wjge.v14.i6.402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs) are common in clinical practice. The accurate classification and diagnosis of these lesions are crucial to avoid unnecessary treatment of benign lesions and missed opportunities for early treatment of potentially malignant lesions.
AIM To evaluate the role of cyst fluid analysis of different tumor markers such as cancer antigens [e.g., cancer antigen (CA)19-9, CA72-4], carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 1 (SPINK1), interleukin 1 beta (IL1-β), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)], amylase, and mucin stain in diagnosing pancreatic cysts and differentiating malignant from benign lesions.
METHODS This study included 76 patients diagnosed with PCLs using different imaging modalities. All patients underwent endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and EUS-fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) for characterization and sampling of different PCLs.
RESULTS The mean age of studied patients was 47.4 ± 11.4 years, with a slight female predominance (59.2%). Mucin stain showed high statistical significance in predicting malignancy with a sensitivity of 87.1% and specificity of 95.56%. It also showed a positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 93.1% and 91.49%, respectively (P < 0.001). We found that positive mucin stain, cyst fluid glucose, SPINK1, amylase, and CEA levels had high statistical significance (P < 0.0001). In contrast, IL-1β, CA 72-4, VEGF-A, VEGFR2, and PGE2 did not show any statistical significance. Univariate regression analysis for prediction of malignancy in PCLs showed a statistically significant positive correlation with mural nodules, lymph nodes, cyst diameter, mucin stain, and cyst fluid CEA. Meanwhile, logistic multivariable regression analysis proved that mural nodules, mucin stain, and SPINK1 were independent predictors of malignancy in cystic pancreatic lesions.
CONCLUSION EUS examination of cyst morphology with cytopathological analysis and cyst fluid analysis could improve the differentiation between malignant and benign pancreatic cysts. Also, CEA, glucose, and SPINK1 could be used as promising markers to predict malignant pancreatic cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Hassan Okasha
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology, Kasr Al-Aini Hospitals, Cairo University, Kasr Al-Aini Hospitals, Cairo University, Cairo 11451, Egypt
| | - Abeer Abdellatef
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology, Kasr Al-Aini Hospitals, Cairo University, Kasr Al-Aini Hospitals, Cairo University, Cairo 11451, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa Elkholy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology, Kasr Al-Aini Hospitals, Cairo University, Kasr Al-Aini Hospitals, Cairo University, Cairo 11451, Egypt
| | - Mohamad-Sherif Mogawer
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology, Kasr Al-Aini Hospitals, Cairo University, Kasr Al-Aini Hospitals, Cairo University, Cairo 11451, Egypt
| | - Ayman Yosry
- Department of Endemic Diseases, Cairo University, Cairo 11451, Egypt
| | - Magdy Elserafy
- Department of Endemic Diseases, Cairo University, Cairo 11451, Egypt
| | - Eman Medhat
- Department of Endemic Diseases, Cairo University, Cairo 11451, Egypt
| | - Hanaa Khalaf
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Minia University, Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Magdy Fouad
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Minia University, Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Tamer Elbaz
- Department of Endemic Diseases, Cairo University, Cairo 11451, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ramadan
- Department of Endemic Diseases, Cairo University, Cairo 11451, Egypt
| | - Mervat E Behiry
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kasr Al-Aini Hospitals, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Kerolis Y William
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology, Kasr Al-Aini Hospitals, Cairo University, Kasr Al-Aini Hospitals, Cairo University, Cairo 11451, Egypt
| | - Ghada Habib
- Department of Endemic Diseases, Cairo University, Cairo 11451, Egypt
| | - Mona Kaddah
- Department of Endemic Diseases, Cairo University, Cairo 11451, Egypt
| | - Haitham Abdel-Hamid
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Minia University, Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Amr Abou-Elmagd
- Department of Gastroenterology, Armed forces College of Medicine, Cairo 11451, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Galal
- Endoscopy and Internal Medicine Consultant at Dr/Ahmed Galal Endoscopy Center, Alexandria 35516, Egypt
| | - Wael A Abbas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assuit 71111, Egypt
| | | | - Mahmoud El-Ansary
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo 11451, Egypt
| | - Aml E Abdou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine for girls Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11451, Egypt
| | - Hani Haggag
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology, Kasr Al-Aini Hospitals, Cairo University, Kasr Al-Aini Hospitals, Cairo University, Cairo 11451, Egypt
| | - Tarek Ali Abdellah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain shams University, Cairo 11451, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Elfeki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bani-suef University, Bani-suef, Bani-suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Heba Ahmed Faheem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain shams University, Cairo 11451, Egypt
| | - Hani M Khattab
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11451, Egypt
| | - Mervat El-Ansary
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11451, Egypt
| | - Safia Beshir
- Department of Environmental Medicine & Clinical Pathology, National Research Centre, Cairo 11451, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Nady
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology, Kasr Al-Aini Hospitals, Cairo University, Kasr Al-Aini Hospitals, Cairo University, Cairo 11451, Egypt
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Taha MM, Amer NM, Beshir S, Mahdy-Abdallah H. Association of heat shock protein70-2 genotypes with hypertension among textile workers occupationally exposed to noise. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:13998-14004. [PMID: 34601670 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16802-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Noise exposure is a primary cause of hearing loss with a broad range of auditory and non-auditory effects. It is one of the occupational health risks in both developed and industrialized countries. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are induced after severe noise exposure. Those proteins protect the ear from damage following excessive noise exposure. This protection showed high variability between individuals. The aim of the study was to investigate the variation in hearing loss and blood pressure in textile workers and its association with genetic predisposition related to HSP70 genes. Also, the role of smoking was studied. We genotyped HSP-70 (hsp70-1, hsp70-2, and hsp70-hom) genes in 109 textile workers working in a noisy environment. Diastolic and systolic blood pressure was measured for workers. Hearing was assessed using an audiogram. We reported significant variation in HSP70-homo genotypes among smoker workers and nonsmoker ones. Only HSP70-2 genotypes were associated with high significant variations in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure among textile workers. Positive correlation between duration of exposure and both systolic (P < 0.047) and diastolic blood pressure (P < 0.033) was observed among workers. Our study recorded that HSP70-2 genotypes were associated with hypertension among textile workers with absence of that association with either HSP70-1 or HSP70-homo genotypes. We also confirmed the relationship between noise exposure and blood pressure (both systolic and diastolic blood pressure). Furthermore, significant variation was shown in HSP70-hom genotypes among smoker and nonsmoker workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Mohamed Taha
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Dokki, Egypt.
| | - Nagat Mohamed Amer
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Safia Beshir
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Heba Mahdy-Abdallah
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Dokki, Egypt
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Beshir S, Shaheen W, EL-tahlawy E. Implication of aluminum in exerting some health disorders among exposed workers. Egypt J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2021.69699.3531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abdel-Rahman T, Hussein AS, Beshir S, Hamed AR, Ali E, El-Tanany SS. Antimicrobial Activity of Terpenoids Extracted from Annona muricata Seeds and its Endophytic Aspergillus niger Strain SH3 Either Singly or in Combination. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:3127-3131. [PMID: 31949503 PMCID: PMC6953925 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Annona muricata (Soursop) has an antimicrobial activity toward various pathogenic microorganisms which support its ethnomedicinal for the treatment of many infectious diseases. AIM: Aim of the present study to evaluate the relation between antimicrobial activities of terpenoids extracted from different soursop parts with the isolated endophytic fungi. METHODS: Endophytic fungal species of pulp and peel of Annona fruit along with those of seeds were isolated. Salkowski test was used for qualitative screening of terpenoids in plant and the isolated endophytic Aspergillus niger strain SH3. RESULTS: Endophytic A. niger strain SH3 and Annona seed extract showed high terpenoid content indicated by the high intensity of reddish-brown colour. GC/Mass analysis revealed six compounds of terpenoids from endophytic A. niger strain SH3 extract and four compounds from seed extract with different retention times. The antimicrobial assay was performed using A. niger strain SH3 extract and Annona seed extract singly or in combinations against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. coli and C. albicans. CONCLUSION: The results revealed the significant antimicrobial activity of both extracts. However, the combined extract showed some reduction in antimicrobial activity which could be attributed to the antagonistic effect exhibited by their constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahany Abdel-Rahman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal-Saad Hussein
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Safia Beshir
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R Hamed
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department and Biology Unit, Central Laboratory for Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Ali
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sara S El-Tanany
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Saad-Hussein A, Beshir S, Taha MM, Shahy EM, Shaheen W, Abdel-Shafy EA, Thabet E. Early prediction of liver carcinogenicity due to occupational exposure to pesticides. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 2018; 838:46-53. [PMID: 30678827 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Several studies linked between pesticides exposure and development of liver cancer, through several mechanisms inform of genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, tumor promotion, immunotoxicity and hormonal actions. This study aimed to estimate novel biomarkers for early prediction of liver malignancy due to occupational exposure to pesticides in two groups of workers with different socioeconomic standard (highly educated urban researchers and low educated rural pesticides sprayers). This study included 50 urban researchers and 50 rural pesticides sprayers occupationally exposed to pesticides. They were compared with 50 non-exposed urban researchers and 50 non-exposed rural subjects. Several tumor biomarkers were estimated; P53 protein, Alfa fetoprotein (AFP), and Alpha-L-fucosidase (AFU). Additionally, telomerase enzyme activity, Relative telomere length (RTL), and DNA damage using comet assay were measured. Furthermore, the glutathione-S-Transferase (GST) gene polymorphisms were identified for both exposed groups. Statistical analysis revealed elevated level of tumor biomarkers among exposed subjects relative to control groups in spite of being within the normal range. Increase in the DNA damage was detected, with shortening of telomere length and decrease in telomerase enzyme activity in pesticides-exposed subjects compared to their controls. Most of these changes were related to the levels of butyrylcholinesterase. Subjects with GSTT1 genotype were suggested to be more susceptible to hepatic carcinogenicity. Telomere relative length and comets assay together with GST genes polymorphisms could be used as early predictors for liver cancer susceptibility among pesticides exposed workers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Safia Beshir
- Departments of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Egypt
| | - Mona M Taha
- Departments of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Egypt
| | - Eman M Shahy
- Departments of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Egypt
| | - Weam Shaheen
- Departments of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Egypt.
| | | | - Eman Thabet
- Clinical Pathology, National Research Centre, Egypt
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Ibrahim KS, Beshir S, Shahy EM, Shaheen W. Effect of Occupational Cadmium Exposure on Parathyroid Gland. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2016; 4:302-6. [PMID: 27335606 PMCID: PMC4908751 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2016.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium (Cd) is used in many industries. High-level exposure is associated with severe kidney and bone damage. AIM This study investigates the possible effect of occupational cadmium exposure on parathyroid gland and some minerals in workers. METHODS Environmental air monitoring of cadmium was done. Serum and urine cadmium levels, kidney function, some minerals, and plasma parathormone were estimated in the studied groups. RESULTS The exposed workers had significantly higher Cd concentration in serum and urine than controls. The mean levels of plasma parathyroid hormone, serum phosphorus and magnesium were significantly lower among the exposed group. However, the mean levels of serum creatinine and calcium were significantly higher in the same group when compared to referents. There was a significant positive correlation between Cd concentration in the serum and urine for the exposed group. The biological Cd exposure indices correlated positively with serum calcium and negatively with plasma PTH level. The prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints, bone ache, joint pain and muscle spasm were more prevalent among the exposed workers compared with the controls with odds ratio 4.316, 3.053 and 3.103 respectively. CONCLUSIONS Occupational cadmium exposure has an adverse effect on PTH level and serum human minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadiga S. Ibrahim
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, National Research Centre, Dokki – Giza – Egypt
| | - Safia Beshir
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, National Research Centre, Dokki – Giza – Egypt
| | - Eman M. Shahy
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, National Research Centre, Dokki – Giza – Egypt
| | - Weam Shaheen
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, National Research Centre, Dokki – Giza – Egypt
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Beshir S, Ibrahim KS, Shaheen W, Shahy EM. Hormonal Perturbations in Occupationally Exposed Nickel Workers. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2016; 4:307-11. [PMID: 27335607 PMCID: PMC4908752 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2016.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Nickel exposure is recognized as an endocrine disruptor because of its adverse effects on reproduction. AIM: This study was designed to investigate the possible testiculo-hormonal perturbations on workers occupationally exposed to nickel and to assess its effects on human male sexual function. METHODS: Cross-sectional comparative study, comprising 105 electroplating male non-smoker, non-alcoholic workers exposed to soluble nickel and 60 controls was done. Serum luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, testosterone levels and urinary nickel concentrations were determined for the studied groups. RESULTS: Serum luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, urinary nickel and the simultaneous incidence of more than one sexual disorder were significantly higher in the exposed workers compared to controls. The occurrence of various types of sexual disorders (decreased libido, impotence and premature ejaculation) in the exposed workers was 9.5, 5.1 and 4.4 folds respectively than the controls. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to nickel produces possible testiculo-hormonal perturbations in those exposed workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safia Beshir
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Khadiga Salah Ibrahim
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Weam Shaheen
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman M Shahy
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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Beshir S, Aziz H, Shaheen W, Eltahlawy E. Serum Levels of Copper, Ceruloplasmin and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme among Silicotic and Non-Silicotic Workers. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2015; 3:467-73. [PMID: 27275272 PMCID: PMC4877841 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2015.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Silicosis is the most frequently occurring pneumoconiosis. AIM: Measurement of serum levels of Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), Copper (Cu) and Ceruloplasmin (Cp) in cement workers occupationally exposed to silica dust as biomarkers of exposure rather than biomarkers of effect for silicosis. METHODS: Plain chest X-ray & pulmonary functions were done for 30 silicotic and 42 non-silicotic workers and 42 controls. CT scan was done for the exposed groups. Serum levels of Cu, Cp and ACE were estimated. RESULTS: The results showed a higher significant difference between the exposed groups and controls, and between the two exposed groups regarding the mean levels of all measured biochemical parameters. The pulmonary functions were significantly lower among silicotic workers than controls and non-silicotic groups. There was a significant positive correlation between duration of employment and serum ACE and Cu. CONCLUSION: Since respirable dust exposure-linked lung fibrosis disease is non-curable, the biochemical parameters (Cu, ACE and Cp) can be used as exposure biomarkers to silica dust, providing a better way for early diagnosis of this deadly disease. Down regulating the inflammatory responses could potentially reduce the adverse clinical pulmonary effects of air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safia Beshir
- National Research Centre, Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hisham Aziz
- National Research Centre, Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Weam Shaheen
- National Research Centre, Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Eltahlawy
- National Research Centre, Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, Cairo, Egypt
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Abstract
AIM To study serum autoantibodies and immunoglobulin levels in cement workers. METHODS Blood samples for numerous antibodies were collected from 30 silicosis and 42 non-silicosis cement workers. Spirometry of the silicosis workers was also studied. RESULTS Serum IgA mean level showed a significant increase in the silicosis group compared to the non-silicosis group. Elevated titers of serum anti-smooth muscle antibodies (ASMA) and anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) were detected only in the silicosis group. The duration of exposure showed a significant positive correlation with serum IgA, ASMA and anti-GBM, and a significant negative correlation with serum IgG. Serum anti-GBM showed a significant positive correlation with IgG while the inverse titer (1/titer) of anti-GBM showed highly significant positive correlations with serum IgA and ASMA. The percent predicted FVC was the ventilatory function most closely associated with immunological parameters in silicosis group. CONCLUSION Serum IgA, ASMA, and anti-GBM are the principal immunologic parameters associated with silicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safia Beshir
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine; National Research Center; Cairo Egypt
| | - Weam A. Shaheen
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine; National Research Center; Cairo Egypt
| | - Safaa Elserougy
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine; National Research Center; Cairo Egypt
| | - Hisham M. Aziz
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine; National Research Center; Cairo Egypt
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Saad-Hussein A, Taha MM, Beshir S, Shahy EM, Shaheen W, Elhamshary M. Carcinogenic effects of aflatoxin B1 among wheat handlers. Int J Occup Environ Health 2014; 20:215-9. [PMID: 25000109 DOI: 10.1179/2049396714y.0000000069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that serum aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a hepatocarcinogenic mycotoxin and contributor to the high rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The prevalence of liver cancer in Egypt is particularly worrisome. In a registry-based analysis of occupational risk for HCC, significant excesses were observed especially for grain mill workers. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the hepatic carcinogenicity of AFB1 in wheat handlers. METHODS Serum AFB1/albumin (AFB1/Alb), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), alpha-l-fucosidase (AFU), and arginase were estimated in exposed wheat handlers including millers and bakers. The control group was composed of non-occupationally exposed workers. RESULTS AFB1/Alb and AFU were significantly higher among workers employed as bakers compared to mill workers and controls. Mill workers had higher levels of AFB1/Alb than the controls. AFB1/Alb, AFP, and AFU were all significantly higher and arginase was significantly lower among HCC cases compared to the other groups. There was a significant correlation between AFU and AFB1/Alb in bakers and between AFP and AFB1/Alb in HCC cases. Arginase was inversely correlated with AFB1/Alb in HCC cases. AFB1/Alb was significantly correlated with the duration of exposure in bakers. CONCLUSION Wheat handlers exposed to Aspergillus flavus have a high risk of elevated serum AFB1/Alb levels and AFU.
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Saad-Hussein A, Taha MM, Beshir S, Shahy EM, Shaheen W, Elhamshary M. Carcinogenic effects of aflatoxin B1 among wheat handlers. Int J Occup Environ Health 2014. [PMID: 25000109 DOI: 10.1179/2049396714y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that serum aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a hepatocarcinogenic mycotoxin and contributor to the high rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The prevalence of liver cancer in Egypt is particularly worrisome. In a registry-based analysis of occupational risk for HCC, significant excesses were observed especially for grain mill workers. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the hepatic carcinogenicity of AFB1 in wheat handlers. METHODS Serum AFB1/albumin (AFB1/Alb), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), alpha-l-fucosidase (AFU), and arginase were estimated in exposed wheat handlers including millers and bakers. The control group was composed of non-occupationally exposed workers. RESULTS AFB1/Alb and AFU were significantly higher among workers employed as bakers compared to mill workers and controls. Mill workers had higher levels of AFB1/Alb than the controls. AFB1/Alb, AFP, and AFU were all significantly higher and arginase was significantly lower among HCC cases compared to the other groups. There was a significant correlation between AFU and AFB1/Alb in bakers and between AFP and AFB1/Alb in HCC cases. Arginase was inversely correlated with AFB1/Alb in HCC cases. AFB1/Alb was significantly correlated with the duration of exposure in bakers. CONCLUSION Wheat handlers exposed to Aspergillus flavus have a high risk of elevated serum AFB1/Alb levels and AFU.
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Saad-Hussein A, Beshir S, Moubarz G, Elserougy S, Ibrahim MI. Effect of occupational exposure to aflatoxins on some liver tumor markers in textile workers. Am J Ind Med 2013; 56:818-24. [PMID: 23359393 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In a study of textile workers, the effects of occupational exposure to cotton dust-with possible exposure to aflatoxin-on levels of some liver tumor biomarkers were explored. METHODS The study included 58 textile workers and 64 controls. Skin prick tests, urinary Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) and the tumor biomarkers (alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), alpha-L-fucosidase (AFU), insulin-like growth factors (IGF-1) were measured. RESULTS Positive reactants to Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, and cotton dust were significantly higher in pre-spinning (14.3%, 28.6%, and 28.6%, respectively) and spinning workers (25.0%, 33.3%, and 25.0%, respectively) compared to controls (4.7%, 7.8%, and 3.1%, respectively). Urinary AFM1 was significantly higher in the pre-spinning, spinning, and weaving groups compared to controls (554.2 ± 346.2 pg/ml, 459.1 ± 781.6 pg/ml, 296.5 ± 336.5 pg/ml and 68.5 ± 136.8 pg/ml, respectively). We found a highly significant increase in levels of serum AFU in textile workers, compared to the control group. CONCLUSION Exposure to fungi had a significant effect on AFM1 measurements and tumor biomarkers, especially in allergic textile workers (with the exception of the arginase biomarker), though results were generally within normal limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Saad-Hussein
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Medicine; National Research Centre; Cairo Egypt
| | - Safia Beshir
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Medicine; National Research Centre; Cairo Egypt
| | - Gehan Moubarz
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Medicine; National Research Centre; Cairo Egypt
| | - Safaa Elserougy
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Medicine; National Research Centre; Cairo Egypt
| | - Mohamed I.M. Ibrahim
- Department of Food Toxicology & Contaminants; National Research Centre; Cairo Egypt
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Abstract
Aluminum (Al) metal is considered one of the most benign industrial metals. Although the harmful effects of Al on respiratory health have been denied by some studies, others reported its noxious effect on the lung through spirometric measurements. This work aimed at studying the effect of Al fumes on pulmonary functions of occupationally exposed workers. It investigated the possible relationship between inhalation exposure to Al fumes and levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT). The study participants comprised a group of 56 male Al workers with a mean duration of occupational exposure of 10.1 ± 9.5 years and 52 male participants who were not exposed to Al fumes as the control group. All participants filled a questionnaire, underwent full clinical examination and their spirometric pulmonary functions were measured. Blood samples were collected for the determination of serum CRP and A1AT and urine samples for measuring Al. Results revealed that urinary Al (UAl) was significantly higher in Al workers compared with controls (p < 0.05). However, spirometric measures showed no significant difference between the exposed group and the controls. A1AT was significantly lowered in Al workers compared with the controls (p < 0.000). Serum CRP was positive in only two (3.6%) of the exposed workers. Smokers of both groups (exposed and controls) showed significantly higher UAl and lower A1AT compared with nonsmokers. There was only significant negative correlation between the duration of exposure and A1AT (p < 0.05). There was a positive significant correlation between smoking index (SI) and UAl. There was also significant negative correlation between SI and some of the pulmonary function tests namely the percentage of predicted forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in the first second and peak expiratory flow in the exposed group. Those correlations point to the importance of the combined effect of smoking and Al exposure on the impairment of lung functions. The study recommends the determination of CRP and A1AT in Al-exposed workers. It is expected that those parameters may undergo changes before reduction in pulmonary functions takes place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safaa Elserougy
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki Giza, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba Mahdy-Abdallah
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki Giza, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salwa Farouk Hafez
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki Giza, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Safia Beshir
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki Giza, Cairo, Egypt
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14
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Abstract
The present study was conducted to detect placental and breast milk (BM) transfer of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) between biological compartments in healthy lactating mothers. The study explores the effect of parity, breast-feeding and urban/rural residence on body burden of OCP residues. The study included 38 healthy participants submitted to cesarean delivery. Sociodemographic data and specimens of maternal and umbilical sera, adipose tissue (Adp T) and BM were collected. Specimens were analyzed to detect OCP residues. The lindane in BM, o,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) in maternal serum (MS) and total dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and o,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene in umbilical serum were the only detected residues in significantly higher frequencies and/or means in the primigravidae than multigravidae. There was a high risk of detecting o,p'-DDD (odds ratio = 8.3) in umbilical serum of the mothers with o,p'-DDD detected in the MS. Total DDT was detected in about 65% of specimens of BM, MS and Adp T and in about 40% of the umbilical serum specimens. There was only a significant positive correlation between total DDT residues in the BM and Adp T. Total DDT residues in umbilical serum and Adp T were significantly higher in the urban than in the rural mothers. The detection of some OCPs in maternal biological compartments suggests their potential placental and BM transfer to her child during pregnancy and lactation, respectively. Furthermore, it might reflect the persistence or recent use of these pesticides in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safaa Elserougy
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
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15
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Beshir S, Mahdy-Abdallah H, Saad-Hussein A. Ventilatory functions in cotton textile workers and the role of some inflammatory cytokines. Toxicol Ind Health 2011; 29:114-20. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233711425071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to cotton dust in industrial environments causes inflammation in the airways of the exposed workers. This may manifest as respiratory complaints and changes in the respiratory functions after work shift and in the baseline of their ventilatory functions. The study aimed to investigate the effect of occupational exposure to cotton dust on respiratory symptoms, ventilatory functions and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6 and interleukin 1β). The study was conducted on 63 textile workers and 65 nonexposed subjects. Both groups were matched for age, socioeconomic status and smoking habit. The respirable dust measured in the workplace did not exceed the permissible values of the Egyptian law 1994. The bacterial counts detected were within the occupational exposure limits of the industrial settings. The results revealed that the percentage of respiratory symptoms was higher in textile workers. Respiratory complaints were chronic cough (33.2%), chronic bronchitis (39.7%) and dyspnea (23.8%) in textile workers compared to (6.2%, 6.2% and 1.5%), respectively, in controls. There was a marked reduction in the ventilatory functions (forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 s) in the textile workers compared to the controls. The additive effect of smoking on the ventilatory functions was not apparent. The ventilatory functions of the workers were significantly positively correlated with the duration of exposure. The cytokines were insignificantly higher in the textile workers compared to their controls. The textile workers with respiratory complaints showed significant decline in ventilatory functions and elevation in the cytokine levels compared to the nonsymtomatizing workers with significant difference in interleukin 1β and interleukin 6. In conclusion, the results supported the fact that exposure to cotton dust deteriorates ventilatory functions and elevates proinflammatory cytokine levels. Analysis of the release of cytokines can be used to evaluate the immune responses to organic dust-induced airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safia Beshir
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba Mahdy-Abdallah
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal Saad-Hussein
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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16
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Rifaat MA, Salem SA, Azab ME, Razik IA, Beshir S, Safar EH, El-Shennawy SF. Histopathology and histochemistry of R.E.S. in infections with Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 1983; 13:209-18. [PMID: 6631099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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17
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Abstract
The pancreas of the adult rat is examined by the silver impregnation method. The intrapancreatic nerves form the following three plexuses: periacinous, periinsular and perivascular; anastomosing fibers are presented between the three plexuses. Sympathetic ganglia as well as parasympathetic nerve cells are met with in association and in close proximity to the islet tissue. The significance of the double innervation of the islet tissue is discussed.
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