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Arumugam S, Perumal S, Raman SA, Ayyadurai P, Nimishaanth SS, Thiagarajan KA. Lumbar Spine Injury in Indian Fast Bowlers: 3D Biomechanical Analysis and Prevention Strategies. Indian J Orthop 2023; 57:1600-1604. [PMID: 37766957 PMCID: PMC10519895 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-023-00928-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Lumbar spine injuries are among the most common overuse injuries in a fast bowler. Among various causative factors, bowling action technique is a crucial one. Three-dimensional motion analysis has been accepted as a gold standard tool to identify incorrect techniques. Previous studies have identified key biomechanical variables associated with lumbar injury risk in fast bowlers. Despite the large popularity of the sport, there is limited information available on the subject in Indian fast bowlers. This study aims to analyse the lumbar spine injury risk in Indian fast bowlers with respect to key biomechanical variables, using 3D motion analysis. Methods Forty-seven male first class fast bowlers underwent 3D motion analysis in an indoor biomechanics laboratory. Motion capture was done with 3D cameras and 2D video cameras, using a standard marker set. Data processing and analysis was done using proprietary software. Biomechanical variables associated with lumbar spine injury risk including lateral trunk flexion (LTF) and knee angle at front foot contact (KA at FFC) were measured, and peak vertical ground reaction forces (pVGRF) were simultaneously recorded using force plates. Descriptive analysis of the data was done. Results 26% of bowlers had a high LTF, 29% had low KA at FFC and 43% had high pVGRF. Thus, a large proportion of bowlers in this study were at risk of lumbar spine injury with respect to the assessed variables. Conclusion This highlights the role of 3D motion analysis in early identification of injurious techniques, which can be modified by coaching and training interventions to prevent injuries. This study thus has implications on coaching and training of fast bowlers in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Arumugam
- Department of Arthroscopy & Sports Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Centre for Sports Science, Chennai, India
- Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to Be University), 1, Ramachandra Nagar, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600116 India
| | - Suresh Perumal
- Department of Arthroscopy & Sports Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Centre for Sports Science, Chennai, India
- Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to Be University), 1, Ramachandra Nagar, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600116 India
| | - Sai Aditya Raman
- Department of Arthroscopy & Sports Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Centre for Sports Science, Chennai, India
- Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to Be University), 1, Ramachandra Nagar, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600116 India
| | - Prakash Ayyadurai
- Department of Arthroscopy & Sports Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Centre for Sports Science, Chennai, India
- Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to Be University), 1, Ramachandra Nagar, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600116 India
| | - S. S. Nimishaanth
- Department of Arthroscopy & Sports Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Centre for Sports Science, Chennai, India
- Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to Be University), 1, Ramachandra Nagar, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600116 India
| | - K. A. Thiagarajan
- Department of Arthroscopy & Sports Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Centre for Sports Science, Chennai, India
- Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to Be University), 1, Ramachandra Nagar, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600116 India
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Hassert M, Arumugam S, Harty JT. Memory CD8+ T cell-mediated protection against liver-stage malaria. Immunol Rev 2023; 316:84-103. [PMID: 37014087 PMCID: PMC10524177 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Nearly half of the world's population is at risk of malaria, a disease caused by the protozoan parasite Plasmodium, which is estimated to cause more than 240,000,000 infections and kill more than 600,000 people annually. The emergence of Plasmodia resistant to chemoprophylactic treatment highlights the urgency to develop more effective vaccines. In this regard, whole sporozoite vaccination approaches in murine models and human challenge studies have provided substantial insight into the immune correlates of protection from malaria. From these studies, CD8+ T cells have come to the forefront, being identified as critical for vaccine-mediated liver-stage immunity that can prevent the establishment of the symptomatic blood stages and subsequent transmission of infection. However, the unique biological characteristics required for CD8+ T cell protection from liver-stage malaria dictate that more work must be done to design effective vaccines. In this review, we will highlight a subset of studies that reveal basic aspects of memory CD8+ T cell-mediated protection from liver-stage malaria infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariah Hassert
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa- Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Sahaana Arumugam
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa- Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Iowa- Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa- Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - John T. Harty
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa- Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa- Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Perry S, Arumugam S, Beeby S, Nandhakumar I. Template-free nanostructured poly-3-hexylthiophene (P3HT) films via single pulse-nucleated electrodeposition. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2023.117278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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Lalitha P, Arumugam S, Sinthiya A, Nivetha C, Muthuselvam M. Oxalic acid incorporated acetamide single crystal growth dynamics, characterization, NLO and antimicrobial activities via shock wave treatment. Results in Chemistry 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2023.100790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Sivakumar A, Dhas SSJ, Sivaprakash P, Prabhu S, Moovendaran K, Murugeswari A, Arumugam S, Dhas SMB. Shock Wave Induced Conformational Phase Transition of L-Leucine. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Arumugam S, Scorza BM, Petersen C. Visceral Leishmaniasis and the Skin: Dermal Parasite Transmission to Sand Flies. Pathogens 2022; 11:610. [PMID: 35745464 PMCID: PMC9228576 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11060610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease with significant dermal tropism. The skin is an important site of infection contributing to parasite transmission to naïve sand flies, but understanding how parasitism of host skin and the related immune microenvironment supports or prevents skin parasite replication is now the focus of major investigation in the field of leishmaniasis research. Here, we review dermatoimmunology during visceral leishmaniasis (VL), dermal Leishmania parasite burden, and the role of skin parasitism in transmissibility to sand fly vectors. First, we discuss the epidemiology of VL amongst dogs, the primary zoonotic reservoir for human infection. We explore the association between spatial distribution and the burden of parasites in the skin in driving outward transmission. Factors associated with parasite persistence in the skin are examined. We discuss systemic immunity during VL and what is known about immunological correlates in the skin microenvironment. Finally, we touch on factors egested into the skin during Leishmania inoculation by sand flies. Throughout, we discuss factors associated with the early and chronic establishment of Leishmania parasites in the skin and the role of the dermal immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahaana Arumugam
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (S.A.); (B.M.S.)
- Immunology Program, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Breanna M. Scorza
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (S.A.); (B.M.S.)
- Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Iowa Research Park, Coralville, IA 52241, USA
| | - Christine Petersen
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (S.A.); (B.M.S.)
- Immunology Program, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Iowa Research Park, Coralville, IA 52241, USA
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Sivakumar A, Dhas SJ, Sivaprakash P, Kumar RS, Almansour AI, Perumal K, Arumugam S, Dhas SB. Shock wave induced reversible phase transition from crystalline to semi-crystalline states of lithium sulfate monohydrate. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2021.122859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Arumugam S, Baker A, Sioftanos G. Implementing a Self-directed Casebook to Improve Registrar Confidence and Experience in Delivering Palliative Radiotherapy. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2022.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Easwaran R, Khan M, Sancheti P, Shyam A, Bhandari M, Ranawat AS, Thakkar S, Parikh S, Musahl V, Joglekar S, J Deshmukh A, Plancher K, Verma N, McAllister D, Verdonk P, Lustig S, Chandrateya A, Smigleiski R, Solayar G, Chernchujit B, Yung P, Budhiparama N, Hoshino Y, White N, Parker D, Clatworthy M, Brown C, Manzary M, Rajan D, Narvekar A, Tapasvi S, Pardiwala D, Panigrahi R, Arumugam S, Kapoor V, Mody B, Maheshwari J, Dahiya V, Joseph C, Laddha M, Rajgopal A. Prophylaxis for preventing venous thromboembolism in knee arthroscopy and soft tissue reconstruction: consensus statements from an international panel of experts. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2022; 30:3634-3643. [PMID: 35435469 PMCID: PMC9013735 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-022-06973-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is a lack of consensus regarding need for Venous Thrombo Embolism (VTE) prophylaxis following arthroscopic knee surgery and open soft tissue knee reconstruction. Clear cut guidelines like ones for trauma surgery and arthroplasty do not exist and the published literature is limited to case reports with a few society guidelines. Given this lack of consensus, we conducted a modified Delphi questionnaire of international experts to provide recommendations on this topic. METHODS The consensus statements were generated using an anonymised 3 round modified Delphi questionnaire, sent to an international panel of 38 knee surgeons, with an 80% agreement being set as the limit for consensus. The responses were analysed using descriptive statistics with measures like mode, median and box plots. Feedback was provided to all panelists based on responses from the previous rounds to help generate the consensus. RESULTS Six consensus statements were generated after the three rounds of Delphi. Patient factors, prolonged surgery duration and family history of thrombogenic events emerged as the main points to be taken into consideration for prophylaxis. CONCLUSION It was established through this study, that there exists a select group of patients undergoing arthroscopic surgery that justify the usage of VTE prophylaxis. The expert responses to most of the questions in different scenarios favoured usage of VTE prophylaxis based on patient factors like advanced age, past history of VTE, smoking, oral contraceptive use etc. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Easwaran
- Shree Meenakshi Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Clinic, B H 41 East, Shalimar Bagh, New Delhi, 110088, India.
- Department of Arthroscopy and Sports Injuries, Max Super-Speciality Hospital Shalimar Bagh, New Delhi, India.
| | - Moin Khan
- Sports Medicine and Shoulder Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Parag Sancheti
- Sancheti Institute for Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation and PG College, Pune, India
| | - Ashok Shyam
- Sancheti Institute for Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Pune, India
| | - Mohit Bhandari
- Chair, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Anil S Ranawat
- Knee Division of SMI, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, USA
| | - Savyasachi Thakkar
- Johns Hopkins Orthopaedics, Hip and Knee Reconstruction Surgery, Columbia, USA
| | - Shital Parikh
- Orthopaedic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, USA
| | - Volker Musahl
- UPMC Freddie Fu Sports Medicine Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Siddharth Joglekar
- Orthopedic Service, VA Central California Health Care System, Fresno, CA, USA
- UCSF Fresno Orthopedic Residency Program, Fresno, USA
| | | | - Kevin Plancher
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
- Orthopaedic Foundation, Stamford, CT, USA
- Plancher Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Nikhil Verma
- Division of Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Fellowship, Rush University Medical Center, Midwest Orthopedics at Rush, Chicago, USA
| | - David McAllister
- Sports Medicine Service, Vice Chair of Academic Affairs, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
- UCLA Department of Athletics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Peter Verdonk
- Orthopaedic Center Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sebastien Lustig
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sport Medicine, Croix-Rousse Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Amit Chandrateya
- Princess of Wales Hospital Bridgend, Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Bridgend, UK
| | - Robert Smigleiski
- Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Department at LIFE Institute, LIFE Institute Biological Treatment Centre, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Gandhi Solayar
- Orthopaedic Specialist Centre, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Bancha Chernchujit
- Department of Orthopedics, Thammasat University Hospital, Khlong Nueng, Thailand
| | - Patrick Yung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong, China
| | - Nicolaas Budhiparama
- School of Vocational Studies and Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, School of Medicine, University of Airlangga, Jl. Mayjend. Prof. Dr. Moestopo, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Nicolaas Institute of Constructive Orthopaedic Research and Education Foundation for Arthroplasty and Sports Medicine, Medistra Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yuichi Hoshino
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - David Parker
- Sydney Orthopaedic Research Institute, Chatswood, Australia
| | | | - Charlie Brown
- International Knee and Joint Centre, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mojieb Manzary
- Orthopedic Services, Johns Hopkins Aramco Health Care Center, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Orthopedics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - David Rajan
- Ortho One-Orthopaedic Speciality Centre, Coimbatore, India
| | - Abhay Narvekar
- P D Hinduja Hospitals Mumbai, Global Hospital Parel, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Dinshaw Pardiwala
- Arthroscopy Service, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Ranjit Panigrahi
- PG Dept of Orthopaedics, Hitech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- Kalinga Super Speciality Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - S Arumugam
- Centre for Sports Science, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed University), Chennai, India
| | - Vikash Kapoor
- Medica Superspeciality Hospital, Medica Hospitals, Kolkata, India
| | - Bharat Mody
- Welcare Hospital, Atladra-Vadsar Ring Road, Atladra, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Jitender Maheshwari
- Knee and Shoulder Service, Department of Orthopaedics, Sitaram Bharatiya Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Vivek Dahiya
- Adult Reconstruction Lower Limb, Institute of Musculoskeletal Disorders and Orthopaedics, Medanta, Gurugram, India
| | - Clement Joseph
- Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine, Asian Joint Reconstruction Institute, SIMS, Chennai, India
| | | | - Ashok Rajgopal
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Diseases and Orthopaedics, Medanta Medicity, Gurugram, Haryana, India
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Sivakumar A, Kalaiarasi S, Sahaya Jude Dhas S, Sivaprakash P, Arumugam S, Jose M, Martin Britto Dhas SA. Comparative Assessment of Crystallographic Phase Stability of Anatase and Rutile TiO2 at Dynamic Shock Wave Loaded Conditions. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-021-02161-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sivakumar A, Sahaya Jude Dhas S, Sivaprakash P, Almansour AI, Suresh Kumar R, Arumugam N, Perumal K, Arumugam S, Martin Britto Dhas SA. Raman Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Measurements of Dynamic Shocked MnFe2O4 Nano-crystalline Materials. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-021-02111-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Nganou-Makamdop K, Talla A, Sharma AA, Darko S, Ransier A, Laboune F, Chipman JG, Beilman GJ, Hoskuldsson T, Fourati S, Schmidt TE, Arumugam S, Lima NS, Moon D, Callisto S, Schoephoerster J, Tomalka J, Mugyenyi P, Ssali F, Muloma P, Ssengendo P, Leda AR, Cheu RK, Flynn JK, Morou A, Brunet-Ratnasingham E, Rodriguez B, Lederman MM, Kaufmann DE, Klatt NR, Kityo C, Brenchley JM, Schacker TW, Sekaly RP, Douek DC. Translocated microbiome composition determines immunological outcome in treated HIV infection. Cell 2021; 184:3899-3914.e16. [PMID: 34237254 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The impact of the microbiome on HIV disease is widely acknowledged although the mechanisms downstream of fluctuations in microbial composition remain speculative. We detected rapid, dynamic changes in translocated microbial constituents during two years after cART initiation. An unbiased systems biology approach revealed two distinct pathways driven by changes in the abundance ratio of Serratia to other bacterial genera. Increased CD4 T cell numbers over the first year were associated with high Serratia abundance, pro-inflammatory innate cytokines, and metabolites that drive Th17 gene expression signatures and restoration of mucosal integrity. Subsequently, decreased Serratia abundance and downregulation of innate cytokines allowed re-establishment of systemic T cell homeostasis promoting restoration of Th1 and Th2 gene expression signatures. Analyses of three other geographically distinct cohorts of treated HIV infection established a more generalized principle that changes in diversity and composition of translocated microbial species influence systemic inflammation and consequently CD4 T cell recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystelle Nganou-Makamdop
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aarthi Talla
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 10900, USA; Allen Institute for Immunology, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Ashish Arunkumar Sharma
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 10900, USA; Pathology Advanced Translational Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Sam Darko
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Amy Ransier
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Farida Laboune
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jeffrey G Chipman
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Gregory J Beilman
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Torfi Hoskuldsson
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Slim Fourati
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 10900, USA; Pathology Advanced Translational Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Thomas E Schmidt
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Sahaana Arumugam
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Noemia S Lima
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Damee Moon
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Samuel Callisto
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | - Jeffery Tomalka
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 10900, USA; Pathology Advanced Translational Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Ana R Leda
- Department of Pediatrics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33124, USA
| | - Ryan K Cheu
- Department of Pediatrics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33124, USA
| | - Jacob K Flynn
- Barrier Immunity Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, NIAID/NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Antigoni Morou
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada; Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada; Roche Diagnostics GmbH, 82377 Penzberg, Germany
| | - Elsa Brunet-Ratnasingham
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada; Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Benigno Rodriguez
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 10900, USA
| | - Michael M Lederman
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 10900, USA
| | - Daniel E Kaufmann
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada; Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Nichole R Klatt
- Department of Pediatrics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33124, USA
| | - Cissy Kityo
- Joint Clinical Research Center, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Jason M Brenchley
- Barrier Immunity Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, NIAID/NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Timothy W Schacker
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Rafick P Sekaly
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 10900, USA; Pathology Advanced Translational Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Daniel C Douek
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Leyden F, Uthishtran S, Moorthi UK, York HM, Patil A, Gandhi H, Petrov EP, Bornschlögl T, Arumugam S. Rac1 activation can generate untemplated, lamellar membrane ruffles. BMC Biol 2021; 19:72. [PMID: 33849538 PMCID: PMC8042924 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-021-00997-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Membrane protrusions that occur on the dorsal surface of a cell are an excellent experimental system to study actin machinery at work in a living cell. Small GTPase Rac1 controls the membrane protrusions that form and encapsulate extracellular volumes to perform pinocytic or phagocytic functions. RESULTS Here, capitalizing on rapid volumetric imaging capabilities of lattice light-sheet microscopy (LLSM), we describe optogenetic approaches using photoactivable Rac1 (PA-Rac1) for controlled ruffle generation. We demonstrate that PA-Rac1 activation needs to be continuous, suggesting a threshold local concentration for sustained actin polymerization leading to ruffling. We show that Rac1 activation leads to actin assembly at the dorsal surface of the cell membrane that result in sheet-like protrusion formation without any requirement of a template. Further, this approach can be used to study the complex morpho-dynamics of the protrusions or to investigate specific proteins that may be enriched in the ruffles. Deactivating PA-Rac1 leads to complex contractile processes resulting in formation of macropinosomes. Using multicolour imaging in combination with these approaches, we find that Myo1e specifically is enriched in the ruffles. CONCLUSIONS Combining LLSM and optogenetics enables superior spatial and temporal control for studying such dynamic mechanisms. Demonstrated here, the techniques implemented provide insight into the complex nature of the molecular interplay involved in dynamic actin machinery, revealing that Rac1 activation can generate untemplated, lamellar protrusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Leyden
- Single Molecule Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - S Uthishtran
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton/Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - U K Moorthi
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton/Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
- European Molecular Biological Laboratory Australia (EMBL Australia), Monash University, Clayton/Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - H M York
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton/Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
- European Molecular Biological Laboratory Australia (EMBL Australia), Monash University, Clayton/Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - A Patil
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton/Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
- European Molecular Biological Laboratory Australia (EMBL Australia), Monash University, Clayton/Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - H Gandhi
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton/Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
- European Molecular Biological Laboratory Australia (EMBL Australia), Monash University, Clayton/Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - E P Petrov
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Abbestraße 2-12, 10587, Berlin, Germany
| | - T Bornschlögl
- L'Oréal Research & Innovation, 1 Avenue Eugène Schueller, 93601, Aulnay sous Bois, France
| | - S Arumugam
- Single Molecule Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton/Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia.
- European Molecular Biological Laboratory Australia (EMBL Australia), Monash University, Clayton/Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.
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14
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York HM, Patil A, Moorthi UK, Kaur A, Bhowmik A, Hyde GJ, Gandhi H, Fulcher A, Gaus K, Arumugam S. Rapid whole cell imaging reveals a calcium-APPL1-dynein nexus that regulates cohort trafficking of stimulated EGF receptors. Commun Biol 2021; 4:224. [PMID: 33597720 PMCID: PMC7889693 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01740-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The endosomal system provides rich signal processing capabilities for responses elicited by growth factor receptors and their ligands. At the single cell level, endosomal trafficking becomes a critical component of signal processing, as exemplified by the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors. Activated EGFRs are trafficked to the phosphatase-enriched peri-nuclear region (PNR), where they are dephosphorylated and degraded. The details of the mechanisms that govern the movements of stimulated EGFRs towards the PNR, are not completely known. Here, exploiting the advantages of lattice light-sheet microscopy, we show that EGFR activation by EGF triggers a transient calcium increase causing a whole-cell level redistribution of Adaptor Protein, Phosphotyrosine Interacting with PH Domain And Leucine Zipper 1 (APPL1) from pre-existing endosomes within one minute, the rebinding of liberated APPL1 directly to EGFR, and the dynein-dependent translocation of APPL1-EGF-bearing endosomes to the PNR within ten minutes. The cell spanning, fast acting network that we reveal integrates a cascade of events dedicated to the cohort movement of activated EGF receptors. Our findings support the intriguing proposal that certain endosomal pathways have shed some of the stochastic strategies of traditional trafficking and have evolved processes that provide the temporal predictability that typify canonical signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. M. York
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton/Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857European Molecular Biological Laboratory Australia (EMBL Australia), Monash University, Clayton/Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - A. Patil
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton/Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857European Molecular Biological Laboratory Australia (EMBL Australia), Monash University, Clayton/Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - U. K. Moorthi
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton/Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857European Molecular Biological Laboratory Australia (EMBL Australia), Monash University, Clayton/Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - A. Kaur
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Single Molecule Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - A. Bhowmik
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Single Molecule Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - H. Gandhi
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton/Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857European Molecular Biological Laboratory Australia (EMBL Australia), Monash University, Clayton/Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - A. Fulcher
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Monash Micro Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton/Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - K. Gaus
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Single Molecule Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia ,grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - S. Arumugam
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton/Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857European Molecular Biological Laboratory Australia (EMBL Australia), Monash University, Clayton/Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Single Molecule Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia ,grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
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15
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Sivakumar A, Sahaya Jude Dhas S, Sivaprakash P, Almansour AI, Kumar RS, Arumugam N, Arumugam S, Martin Britto Dhas SA. The switchable phase transition of sodium sulfate crystals activated by shock waves. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02974f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A shock-wave-induced reversible phase-transformation from phase-V to phase-III of Na2SO4 is achieved, and the results are evidenced via XRD and Raman spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Sivakumar
- Shock Wave Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Abdul Kalam Research Center, Sacred Heart College, Tirupattur, Tamil Nadu, 635 601, India
| | - S. Sahaya Jude Dhas
- Department of Physics, Kings Engineering College, Sriperumbudur, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 602 117, India
| | - P. Sivaprakash
- Centre for High Pressure Research, School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli, Tamilnadu, 620 024, India
| | - Abdulrahman I. Almansour
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raju Suresh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Natarajan Arumugam
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - S. Arumugam
- Centre for High Pressure Research, School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli, Tamilnadu, 620 024, India
| | - S. A. Martin Britto Dhas
- Shock Wave Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Abdul Kalam Research Center, Sacred Heart College, Tirupattur, Tamil Nadu, 635 601, India
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16
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Sivakumar A, Saranraj A, Dhas SSJ, Sivaprakash P, Arumugam S, Dhas SAMB. Spectroscopic assessment on the stability of benzophenone crystals at shock waves loaded condition. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2020; 242:118725. [PMID: 32736220 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there have been few thousands of non-linear optical (NLO) materials proposed for a wide array of technological applications. But unfortunately, most of the materials do not fit into the actual standard required for the specific purposes in terms of their efficiency, environmental resistance, cost effectiveness, availability, stability and durability. Hence, searching for the most suitable material for every specific technological application has become the necessity of being a continuous process until it is found. For the present experiment, we have chosen benzophenone crystal for the shock wave recovery experiment. Raman and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques have been utilized to evaluate the molecular and structural performances of the title material against the impact of shock waves and the obtained crystallographic structural properties are compared with potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KPD) crystal. The obtained Raman and XRD results demonstrate that the title material has high shock resistant property even though it is a mechanically soft material as well as it has very low melting point (48 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sivakumar
- Department of Physics, Abdul Kalam Research Center, Sacred Heart College, Tirupattur, Vellore 635 601, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Saranraj
- Department of Physics, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering and Technology, Chittoor 517 127, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - S Sahaya Jude Dhas
- Department of Physics, Kings Engineering College, Sriperumbudur, Chennai 602 117, Tamilnadu, India
| | - P Sivaprakash
- Centre for High Pressure Research, School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli 620 024, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S Arumugam
- Centre for High Pressure Research, School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli 620 024, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S A Martin Britto Dhas
- Department of Physics, Abdul Kalam Research Center, Sacred Heart College, Tirupattur, Vellore 635 601, Tamil Nadu, India.
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17
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Padmanaban A, Padmanathan N, Dhanasekaran T, Manigandan R, Srinandhini S, Sivaprakash P, Arumugam S, Narayanan V. Hexagonal phase Pt-doped cobalt telluride magnetic semiconductor nanoflakes for electrochemical sensing of dopamine. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Collier N, Oar A, Ng W, Johnston M, Ma Y, Becker T, Apte M, Pavey D, Arumugam S, Merrett N, Asghari R, Lee M. An Australian Three-Centre Feasibility Study of Neoadjuvant Modified FOLFIRINOX and Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer with Collection of Baseline Circulating Tumor Cells. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.1938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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Aarthi A, Umadevi M, Parimaladevi R, Sathe GV, Arumugam S, Sivaprakash P. A Negatively Charged Hydrophobic Hemi-micelle of Fe3O4/Ag MNP Role Towards SERS, Photocatalysis and Bactericidal. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-020-01802-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Sivaprakash P, Kumar KA, Muthukumaran S, Pandurangan A, Dixit A, Arumugam S. NiF2 as an efficient electrode material with high window potential of 1.8 V for high energy and power density asymmetric supercapacitor. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Perumal S, Thiyagarajan KA, Prakash A, Arumugam S. Evaluation of regeneration of semitendinosus tendon using ultrasound imaging and isokinetic strength testing after graft harvest for arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. J Orthop 2020; 21:340-344. [PMID: 32773984 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A lot of the research has been done worldwide evaluating the capacity of the semitendinosus tendon to regenerate which has not been conducted in the Indian population. Study design 31 patients who underwent unilateral ACL reconstruction with hamstrings were taken into study. All patients underwent ultrasonography imaging of both knees and bilateral isokinetic flexion strength assessment at a one-year postoperative period. Images were obtained at three levels and their dimensions are compared with normal side. Isokinetic testing of the knee is done to evaluate the flexion deficit and is compared to the uninvolved knee. Results Out of a total of 31 patients, 14 patients showed no regeneration, 17 showed regeneration at various levels. On isokinetic testing patients with no regeneration showed the highest mean flexion deficit. Conclusion The semitendinosus tendon and its regeneration can be visualized well using ultrasonography. After semitendinosus harvesting, the flexion strength will be decreased as compared to the normal knee. The flexion strength in patients who have a regenerated tendon will be higher as compared to those who have no regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Perumal
- Department of Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - K A Thiyagarajan
- Department of Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - A Prakash
- Department of Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - S Arumugam
- Department of Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
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22
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Dhillon S, Pulimi R, Ayyadurai P, Venkata Sai P, Dhillon MS, Arumugam S. Knee flexion strength deficits correlate with distal extent of tendon regeneration after hamstring harvest. Preliminary data from an Ultrasound based classification. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2020; 14:156-161. [PMID: 33680821 PMCID: PMC7919965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2020.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As more evidence comes to light that hamstring harvesting may not be as benign a procedure as previously thought, considerable interest is being generated towards corelating the knee flexural strength deficits with the degree of tendon regeneration. The current study aimed to corelate knee flexion strength deficits with ultrasonographically quantified degree of hamstring regeneration after tendon harvest. STUDY DESIGN 31 patients of ACL reconstruction with hamstring grafts were divided into 2 groups (6 months and 1-year post op) according to time of follow up. Ultrasonography of both the knees to assess Semitendinosus tendon dimensions was done. Regeneration was classified as non-significant, mild (Zone 1, till 4 cm above the lateral joint line), moderate (Zone 2 ,at the level of the lateral joint line) and significant (Zone 3, 1.5 cm below the lateral joint line) as the regenerate happens from proximal to distal. Regenerate dimensions were compared with US measurements from the opposite knee. Bilateral isokinetic strength tests of the knees were done to evaluate flexion strength, and strength deficits were compared with degree of tendon regeneration. RESULTS 14 (45%) of cases had no regeneration at both time periods. 7 patients (41%) in the 6-month post-op group showed some form of regeneration, and 10 patients (71%) in the 1-year post-op group showed regeneration. 29/31 patients had some flexion strength deficit. Strength deficit correlated with the level and degree of tendon regeneration, with non-significant regeneration cases showing higher strength deficit (mean - 28.51%), and cases with significant regeneration showing least amount of strength deficit (mean - 3.66%). CONCLUSION Flexion strength deficits after hamstring harvest are significant and corelate with degree of tendon regeneration, which improves over time. US is adequate to quantify degree of tendon regeneration, which in turn can help prognosticate return of flexion strength.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rajeev Pulimi
- Deptt of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, SRIHER, Chennai, India
| | | | | | - M S Dhillon
- Deptt of Orthopaedic Surgery PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
- Corresponding author. 1027, Sector 24 B, Chandigarh, 160023, India.
| | - S. Arumugam
- Deptt of Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine, SRIHER, Chennai, India
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23
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Manikandan K, Pervin R, Saravanan C, Sathiskumar M, Chakraborty N, Shirage PM, Mondal S, Srihari V, Poswal HK, Arumugam S. Influence of pressure on the transport, magnetic, and structural properties of superconducting Cr 0.0009NbSe 2 single crystal. RSC Adv 2020; 10:13112-13125. [PMID: 35492110 PMCID: PMC9051428 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09603e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the superconducting critical current density (J c), transition temperature (T c), and flux pinning properties under hydrostatic pressure (P) for Cr0.0009NbSe2 single crystal. The application of P enhances T c in both electrical resistivity (∼0.38 K GPa-1: 0 ≤ P ≤ 2.5 GPa) and magnetization (∼0.98 K GPa-1: 0 ≤ P ≤ 1 GPa) measurements, which leads to a monotonic increase in J c and flux pinning properties. The field-dependent J c at various temperatures under P is analyzed within the collecting pinning theory and it shows that δT c pinning is the crossover to δl pinning above the critical pressure (P c ∼0.3 GPa). Our systematic analysis of the flux pinning mechanism indicates that both the density of pinning centers and pinning forces greatly increase with the application of P, which leads to an enhancement in the vortex state. Structural studies using synchrotron X-ray diffraction under pressure illustrate a stable hexagonal phase without any significant impurity phase and lattice parameter reduction with P shows highly anisotropic nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Manikandan
- Centre for High Pressure Research, School of Physics, Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli-620024 India +91 431 2407045 +91 431 2407118 +91 9500910310
| | - Rukshana Pervin
- Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science & Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore Simrol Campus, Khandwa Road Indore 453552 India
| | - C Saravanan
- Centre for High Pressure Research, School of Physics, Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli-620024 India +91 431 2407045 +91 431 2407118 +91 9500910310
| | - M Sathiskumar
- Centre for High Pressure Research, School of Physics, Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli-620024 India +91 431 2407045 +91 431 2407118 +91 9500910310
| | - Nirman Chakraborty
- CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute Jadavpur Kolkata 700 032 India
| | - Parasharam M Shirage
- Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science & Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore Simrol Campus, Khandwa Road Indore 453552 India
| | - Swastik Mondal
- CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute Jadavpur Kolkata 700 032 India
| | - Velaga Srihari
- High Pressure and Synchrotron Radiation Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai 400085 India
| | - Himanshu Kumar Poswal
- High Pressure and Synchrotron Radiation Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai 400085 India
| | - S Arumugam
- Centre for High Pressure Research, School of Physics, Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli-620024 India +91 431 2407045 +91 431 2407118 +91 9500910310
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24
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Thomas BE, Suresh C, Lavanya J, Lindsley MM, Galivanche AT, Sellappan S, Ovung S, Aravind A, Lincy S, Raja AL, Kokila S, Javeed B, Arumugam S, Mayer KH, Swaminathan S, Subbaraman R. Understanding pretreatment loss to follow-up of tuberculosis patients: an explanatory qualitative study in Chennai, India. BMJ Glob Health 2020; 5:e001974. [PMID: 32181000 PMCID: PMC7053785 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pretreatment loss to follow-up (PTLFU)-dropout of patients after diagnosis but before treatment registration-is a major gap in tuberculosis (TB) care in India and globally. Patient and healthcare worker (HCW) perspectives are critical for developing interventions to reduce PTLFU. Methods We tracked smear-positive TB patients diagnosed via sputum microscopy from 22 diagnostic centres in Chennai, one of India's largest cities. Patients who did not start therapy within 14 days, or who died or were lost to follow-up before official treatment registration, were classified as PTLFU cases. We conducted qualitative interviews with trackable patients, or family members of patients who had died. We conducted focus group discussions (FGDs) with HCWs involved in TB care. Interview and FGD transcripts were coded and analysed with Dedoose software to identify key themes. We created categories into which themes clustered and identified relationships among thematic categories to develop an explanatory model for PTLFU. Results We conducted six FGDs comprising 53 HCWs and 33 individual patient or family member interviews. Themes clustered into five categories. Examining relationships among categories revealed two pathways leading to PTLFU as part of an explanatory model. In the first pathway, administrative and organisational health system barriers-including the complexity of navigating the system, healthcare worker absenteeism and infrastructure failures-resulted in patients feeling frustration or resignation, leading to disengagement from care. In turn, HCWs faced work constraints that contributed to many of these health system barriers for patients. In the second pathway, negative HCW attitudes and behaviours contributed to patients distrusting the health system, resulting in refusal of care. Conclusion Health system barriers contribute to PTLFU directly and by amplifying patient-related challenges to engaging in care. Interventions should focus on removing administrative hurdles patients face in the health system, improving quality of the HCW-patient interaction and alleviating constraints preventing HCWs from providing patient-centred care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beena E Thomas
- Department of Social and Behavioral Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chandra Suresh
- Department of Social and Behavioral Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J Lavanya
- District TB Office, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mika M Lindsley
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine and Center for Global Public Health, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amith T Galivanche
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine and Center for Global Public Health, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Senthil Sellappan
- Department of Social and Behavioral Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Senthanro Ovung
- Department of Social and Behavioral Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Amritha Aravind
- Department of Social and Behavioral Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Savari Lincy
- Department of Social and Behavioral Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Agnes Lawrence Raja
- Department of Social and Behavioral Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Kokila
- Department of Social and Behavioral Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B Javeed
- Department of Social and Behavioral Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Arumugam
- Department of Social and Behavioral Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kenneth H Mayer
- Fenway Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Ramnath Subbaraman
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine and Center for Global Public Health, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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25
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Rajkumar C, Nehru R, Chen SM, Kim H, Arumugam S, Sankar R. Electrosynthesis of carbon aerogel-modified AuNPs@quercetin via an environmentally benign method for hydrazine (HZ) and hydroxylamine (HA) detection. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj05360c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An ultrasensitive electrochemical sensor fabricated using a hydrothermal and environmentally benign methods for the detection of environmental pollutions, namely, hydrazine (HZ) and hydroxylamine (HA) has been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chellakannu Rajkumar
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yeungnam University
- Gyeongsan 712 749
- Republic of Korea
- Institute of Physics
| | - Raja Nehru
- Institute of Physics
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
- Centre for Condensed Matter Sciences
| | - Shen-Ming Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- National Taipei University of Technology
- Taipei 10608
- Taiwan
| | - Haekyoung Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yeungnam University
- Gyeongsan 712 749
- Republic of Korea
| | - S. Arumugam
- Center for High Pressure Research
- Bharathidasan University
- Tiruchirappalli-620 024
- India
| | - Raman Sankar
- Institute of Physics
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
- Centre for Condensed Matter Sciences
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26
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Arumugam S, Kumar KS, Karthik B, Ravichandran V. Cordia diffusa K.C. Jacob, the Kovai Manjack (Boraginaceae): a highly threatened steno-endemic species from Coimbatore City, Tamil Nadu, India. J Threat Taxa 2019. [DOI: 10.11609/jott.5292.11.14.14870-14875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cordia diffusa K.C. Jacob, belonging to Boraginaceae, discovered in 1938 and named by K.C. Jacob in 1944, is a little-known and the only narrow endemic but neglected plant of Coimbatore City. The lectotype of the steno-endemic is determined and the current status, distribution, potential threats, bioprospecting potential, and suggestions for conservation of the species are discussed. The collection of steno-endemic plant during intensive exploration in its type locality nearly after 90 years is of phytogeographic and conservation significance. The endemic is proposed the category of Critically Endangered (CR) based on criterion D of IUCN (as per versions 3.1 & 13). C. diffusa can be protected by promoting awareness of the rarity of native species and mass propagation through vegetative means so as to introduce it in gardens, parks, and avenues, etc. at once in the city.
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Arumugam S, Kumar KS, Karthik B, Ravichandran V. Cordia diffusa K.C. Jacob, the Kovai Manjack (Boraginaceae): a highly threatened steno-endemic species from Coimbatore City, Tamil Nadu, India. J Threat Taxa 2019. [DOI: 10.11609/jott.5292.11.14.14870-4875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cordia diffusa K.C. Jacob, belonging to Boraginaceae, discovered in 1938 and named by K.C. Jacob in 1944, is a little-known and the only narrow endemic but neglected plant of Coimbatore City. The lectotype of the steno-endemic is determined and the current status, distribution, potential threats, bioprospecting potential, and suggestions for conservation of the species are discussed. The collection of steno-endemic plant during intensive exploration in its type locality nearly after 90 years is of phytogeographic and conservation significance. The endemic is proposed the category of Critically Endangered (CR) based on criterion D of IUCN (as per versions 3.1 & 13). C. diffusa can be protected by promoting awareness of the rarity of native species and mass propagation through vegetative means so as to introduce it in gardens, parks, and avenues, etc. at once in the city.
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Morou A, Brunet-Ratnasingham E, Dubé M, Charlebois R, Mercier E, Darko S, Brassard N, Nganou-Makamdop K, Arumugam S, Gendron-Lepage G, Yang L, Niessl J, Baxter AE, Billingsley JM, Rajakumar PA, Lefebvre F, Johnson RP, Tremblay C, Routy JP, Wyatt RT, Finzi A, Douek DC, Kaufmann DE. Altered differentiation is central to HIV-specific CD4 + T cell dysfunction in progressive disease. Nat Immunol 2019; 20:1059-1070. [PMID: 31308541 PMCID: PMC6642691 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-019-0418-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction of virus-specific CD4+ T cells in chronic human infections is poorly understood. We performed genome-wide transcriptional analyses and functional assays of CD4+ T cells specific for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from HIV-infected people before and after initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). A follicular helper T cell (TFH cell)-like profile characterized HIV-specific CD4+ T cells in viremic infection. HIV-specific CD4+ T cells from people spontaneously controlling the virus (elite controllers) robustly expressed genes associated with the TH1, TH17 and TH22 subsets of helper T cells. Viral suppression by ART resulted in a distinct transcriptional landscape, with a reduction in the expression of genes associated with TFH cells, but persistently low expression of genes associated with TH1, TH17 and TH22 cells compared to the elite controller profile. Thus, altered differentiation is central to the impairment of HIV-specific CD4+ T cells and involves both gain of function and loss of function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antigoni Morou
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Elsa Brunet-Ratnasingham
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Dubé
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Roxanne Charlebois
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eloi Mercier
- Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics-Montréal Node, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sam Darko
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nathalie Brassard
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Sahaana Arumugam
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gabrielle Gendron-Lepage
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lifei Yang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Julia Niessl
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Amy E Baxter
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, La Jolla, CA, USA
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James M Billingsley
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - François Lefebvre
- Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics-Montréal Node, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - R Paul Johnson
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Cécile Tremblay
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Routy
- Chronic Viral Illnesses Service and Division of Hematology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Richard T Wyatt
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daniel C Douek
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel E Kaufmann
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Balakumar R, Sriram G, Arumugam S. Feasibility Study of Biodiesel Synthesis from Waste Ayurvedic Oil: Its Evaluation of Engine Performance, Emission and Combustion Characteristics. Arab J Sci Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-019-04020-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Rajkumar C, Nehru R, Chen SM, Arumugam S, Qin-JinYeah, Sankar R. A chitosan grafted mesoporous carbon aerogel for ultra-sensitive voltammetric determination of isoniazid. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:419. [PMID: 31187235 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3533-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) was modified with chitosan (Chit) supported on carbon aerogel (CA) to obtain an electrochemical sensor for the tuberculosis drug isoniazid (INZ). The interconnected mesoporous structure of Chit/CA provides a large surface area (SBET = 461 m2 g-1) and good porosity (VTot = 0.69 cm3 g-1). Besides, the modified SPCE displayed enhanced electrocatalytic activity due to the presence of numerous active sites (such as >C=O, -NH-, -NH2, -OH). Figures of merit include (a) a typical working voltage of 0.28 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), (b) high sensitivity (8.09 μA μM-1 cm-2), (c) a wide linear response to INZ (0.01-115 μM) and (d) a low detection limit (8 nM). The modified electrode has successfully been applied to the determination of INZ in spiked serum and urine, and recoveries ranged from 97.8 to 99.8%. Graphical abstract Schematic illustration of preparation and applications of a nanocomposite consisting of chitosan (Chit; CS) supported on carbon aerogel (CA) for electrochemical detection of isoniazid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chellakannu Rajkumar
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,Centre for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Raja Nehru
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Ming Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan.
| | - S Arumugam
- Center for High Pressure Research, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, India
| | - Qin-JinYeah
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan
| | - Raman Sankar
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Centre for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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Pryor D, Sidhom M, Arumugam S, Bucci J, Smart J, Grand M, Greer P, Keats S, Wilton L, O'Neill M, Martin J. EP-1543 Early Results of a Phase 2 Multicentre Study of Linac-based Stereotactic Boost for Prostate Cancer. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)31963-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Arumugam S. PO-1022 A study on the image registration accuracy of intrafraction cone beam computed tomography images. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)31442-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Keall P, Nguyen D, O'Brien R, Hewson E, Ball H, Poulsen P, Booth J, Greer P, Hunter P, Wilton L, Bromley R, Kipritidis J, Eade T, Kneebone A, Hruby G, Moodie T, Hayden A, Turner S, Arumugam S, Sidhom M, Hardcastle N, Siva S, Tai K, Gebski V, Martin J. PO-0842 Real-Time tracking improves treatment: The TROG Stereo Prostate Ablative Radiotherapy with KIM trial. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)31262-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Duan D, Du GX, Kavatamane VK, Arumugam S, Tzeng YK, Chang HC, Balasubramanian G. Efficient nitrogen-vacancy centers' fluorescence excitation and collection from micrometer-sized diamond by a tapered optical fiber in endoscope-type configuration. Opt Express 2019; 27:6734-6745. [PMID: 30876253 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.006734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Using an optical fiber to both excite the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond and collect its fluorescence is essential to build NV-based endoscope-type sensor. Such endoscope-type sensor can reach inaccessible fields for traditional NV-based sensors built by bulky optical components and extend the application areas. Since single NV's fluorescence is weak and can easily be buried in fluorescence from optical fiber core's oxide defects excited by the green laser, fixing a micrometer size diamond containing high-density NVs rather than a nanodiamond containing single NV or several NVs on the apex of an optical fiber to build an endoscope-type sensor is more implementable. Unfortunately, due to small numerical aperture (NA), most of the optical fibers have a low fluorescence collection efficiency, which limits the sensitivity and spatial resolution of the NV-based endoscope-type sensor. Here, using a tapered optical fiber (TOF) tip, we significantly improve the efficiency of the laser excitation and fluorescence collection of the NV ensembles in diamond. This could potentially enhance the sensitivity and spatial resolution of the NV-based endoscope-type sensor. Numerical calculations show that the TOF tip delivers a high NA and has a high NV excitation and fluorescence collection efficiency. Experiments demonstrate that such TOF tip can obtain up to over 7-fold excitation efficiency and over 15-fold fluorescence collection efficiency of that from a flat-ended fiber (non-TOF) tip.
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Ashok Kumar K, Pandurangan A, Arumugam S, Sathiskumar M. Effect of Bi-functional Hierarchical Flower-like CoS Nanostructure on its Interfacial Charge Transport Kinetics, Magnetic and Electrochemical Behaviors for Supercapacitor and DSSC Applications. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1228. [PMID: 30718540 PMCID: PMC6361894 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37463-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal sulfides are of great interest for future electrode materials in supercapacitor and solar cell applications owing to their superior electrochemical activity and excellent electrical conductivity. With this scope, a binary transition metal sulfide (CoS) is prepared via one-step hydrothermal synthesis. Hexagonal phase of CoS with space group of P63/mmc(194) is confirmed by XRD analysis. Additional cubic Co3S4 phase in the prepared sample originates the mixed valence state of Co (Co2+ and Co3+) is affirmed from XPS analysis. Morphological features are visualized using HRSEM images that shows nanoflower shaped star-anise structure. Employing the prepared CoS as active electrode material, interfacial charge transport kinetics is examined by EIS-Nyquist plot. The supercapacitive performances are tested in two and three-electrode system which exhibited respective specific capacitances of 57 F/g and 348 F/g for 1 A/g. Further, the fabricated asymmetric CoS//AC supercapacitor device delivers an appreciable energy density of 15.58 Wh/kg and power density of 700.12 W/kg with excellent cyclic stability of 97.9% and Coulombic efficiency of 95% over 2000 charge-discharge cycles. In addition, dye-sensitized solar cells are fabricated with CoS counter electrode and the obtained power conversion efficiency of 5.7% is comparable with standard platinum based counter electrode (6.45%). Curie-Weiss plot confirms the transition of paramagnetic nature into ferrimagnetic behavior at 85 K and Pauli-paramagnetic nature at 20 K respectively. Temperature dependent resistivity plot affirms the metallic nature of CoS sample till 20 K and transition to semiconducting nature occurs at <20 K owing to Peierl’s transition effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ashok Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Anna University, Chennai, 600025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Pandurangan
- Department of Chemistry, Anna University, Chennai, 600025, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - S Arumugam
- Centre for High Pressure Research, School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Sathiskumar
- Centre for High Pressure Research, School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
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Arumugam S, Krishnan M, Ishigaki K, Gouchi J, Pervin R, Selvan GK, Shirage PM, Uwatoko Y. Enhancement of superconducting properties and flux pinning mechanism on Cr 0.0005NbSe 2 single crystal under Hydrostatic pressure. Sci Rep 2019; 9:347. [PMID: 30674929 PMCID: PMC6344477 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36672-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Superconducting properties of Cr0.0005NbSe2 (Tc~6.64 K) single crystals have been investigated through the temperature dependent resistivity (~8 GPa) and DC magnetization (~1 GPa) measurements. Further, the critical current density (Jc) as a function of applied magnetic field has been studied from magnetic isotherms. The vortex pinning mechanisms have also been systematically analyzed using weak collective pinning theory as a function of pressure. The Jc corresponds to the flux flow enhanced by the application of pressure due to increase of Tc and vortex changes. We found that the pressure is responsible for the spatial variations in the charge carrier mean free path (δl pinning). We find that core point pinning is more dominant than surface pinning which is caused by the application of pressure. In addition, Jc(H = 0) increases from 3.9 × 105 (0 GPa) to 1.3 × 106 (1.02 GPa) A/cm2 at 2 K as the pressure is increased from normal pressure to 1.02 GPa. The pressure dependence of Tc (dTc/dP) becomes 0.91 K/GPa and 0.75 K/GPa from magnetization and resistivity measurements respectively. We found that the pressure promotes the anisotropy nature, and decrease of coherence length and resulting in pathetic interface of the vortex core with pinning centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Arumugam
- Centre for High Pressure Research, School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, India.
| | - Manikandan Krishnan
- Centre for High Pressure Research, School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, India
| | - Kent Ishigaki
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - Jun Gouchi
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - Rukshana Pervin
- Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science & Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol Campus, Khandwa road, Indore, 453552, India
| | - G Kalai Selvan
- Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Parasharam M Shirage
- Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science & Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol Campus, Khandwa road, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Y Uwatoko
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
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Yang Y, Xia M, Wang L, Arumugam S, Wang Y, Ou X, Wang C, Jiang X, Tan M, Chen Y, Li X. Structural basis of host ligand specificity change of GII porcine noroviruses from their closely related GII human noroviruses. Emerg Microbes Infect 2019; 8:1642-1657. [PMID: 31711377 PMCID: PMC6853222 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2019.1686335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diverse noroviruses infect humans and animals via the recognition of host-specific glycan ligands. Genogroup II (GII) noroviruses consist of human noroviruses (huNoVs) that generally bind histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) as host factors and three porcine norovirus (porNoV) genotypes (GII.11/18/19) that form a genetic lineage lacking HBGA-binding ability. Thus, these GII porNoVs provide an excellent model to study norovirus evolution with host ligand specificity changes. Here we solved the crystal structures of a native GII.11 porNoV P protein and a closely-related GII.3 huNoV P protein complexed with an HBGA, focusing on the HBGA-binding sites (HBSs) compared with the previously known ones to understand the structural basis of the host ligand specificity change. We found that the GII.3 huNoV binds HBGAs via a conventional GII HBS that uses an arginine instead of the conserved aromatic residue for the required Van der Waals interaction, while the GII.11 porNoV HBS loses its HBGA-binding function because of two mutations (Q355/V451). A mutant that reversed the two mutated residues back to the conventional A355/Y451 restored the HBGA-binding function of the GII.11 porNoV P protein, which validated our observations. Similar mutations are also found in GII.19 porNoVs and a GII.19 P protein mutant with double reverse mutations restored the HBS function. This is the first reconstruction of a functional HBS based on one with new host specificity back to its parental one. These data shed light on the molecular basis of structural adaptation of the GII porNoVs to the pig hosts through mutations at their HBSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Xia
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Leyi Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sahaana Arumugam
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yajing Wang
- College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianjin Ou
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenlong Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Jiang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ming Tan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yutao Chen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Li
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Arumugam S, Manning-Cork NJ, Gains JE, Boterberg T, Gaze MN. The Evidence for External Beam Radiotherapy in High-Risk Neuroblastoma of Childhood: A Systematic Review. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2018; 31:182-190. [PMID: 30509728 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2018.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS External beam radiotherapy is widely used in various ways in the management of neuroblastoma. Despite extensive clinical experience, the precise role of radiotherapy in neuroblastoma remains unclear. The purpose of this systematic review was to survey the published literature to identify, without bias, the evidence for the clinical effectiveness of external beam radiotherapy as part of the initial multimodality treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma. We considered four areas: treatment of the tumour bed and residual primary tumour, identification of any dose-response relationship, treatment of metastatic sites, identification of any technical advances that may be beneficial. We also aimed to define uncertainties, which may be clarified in future clinical trials. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bibliographic databases were searched for neuroblastoma and radiotherapy. Reviewers assessed 1283 papers for inclusion by title and abstract, with consensus achieved through discussion. Data extraction on 57 included papers was carried out by one reviewer and checked by another. Studies were assessed for their level of evidence and risk of bias, and a descriptive analysis of data was carried out. RESULTS Fifteen papers provided some evidence that radiotherapy to the tumour bed and residual tumour may possibly be of value. However, there is a significant risk of bias and no evidence that all subgroups will benefit. There is some suggestion from six papers that dose may be important, but no hard evidence. It remains unclear whether irradiation of metastatic sites is helpful. Technical advances may be of value in radiotherapy of high-risk neuroblastoma. CONCLUSIONS There are data that show that radiotherapy is of some efficacy in the management of high-risk neuroblastoma, but there is no level one evidence that shows that it is being used in the best possible way. Prospective randomised trials are necessary to provide more evidence to guide development of optimal radiotherapy treatment schedules.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Arumugam
- Department of Oncology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - N J Manning-Cork
- Department of Oncology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - J E Gains
- Department of Oncology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - T Boterberg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
| | - M N Gaze
- Department of Oncology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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Arumugam S, Udovitch M, Xing A, Begg J, Holloway L, Sidhom M. Assessment of Intra-Fraction Prostate Motion and Delivered Dose Accuracy in Prostate SBRT Using an in-House Real-Time Position Monitoring System. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.1374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Pogson E, Arumugam S, Hansen C, Currie M, Blake S, Roberts N, Carolan M, Vial P, Alharthi T, Holloway L, Thwaites D. Comparison of multi-institutional pre-treatment verification for VMAT of nasopharynx with delivery errors. Phys Med 2018; 53:25-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Thomas BE, Subbaraman R, Sellappan S, Suresh C, Lavanya J, Lincy S, Raja AL, Javeed B, Kokila S, Arumugam S, Swaminathan S, Mayer KH. Pretreatment loss to follow-up of tuberculosis patients in Chennai, India: a cohort study with implications for health systems strengthening. BMC Infect Dis 2018; 18:142. [PMID: 29587651 PMCID: PMC5872574 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3039-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pretreatment loss to follow-up (PTLFU) is a barrier to tuberculosis (TB) control in India’s Revised National TB Control Programme (RNTCP). PTLFU studies have not been conducted in India’s mega-cities, where patient mobility may complicate linkage to care. Methods We collected data from patient registries for May 2015 from 22 RNTCP designated microscopy centers (DMCs) in Chennai and audited addresses and phone numbers for patients evaluated for suspected TB to understand how missing contact information may contribute to PTLFU. From November 2015 to June 2016, we audited one month of records from each of these 22 DMCs and tracked newly diagnosed smear-positive patients using RNTCP records, phone calls, and home visits. We defined PTLFU cases as including: (1) patients who did not start TB therapy within 14 days and (2) patients who started TB therapy but were lost to follow-up or died before official RNTCP registration. We used multivariate logistic regression to identify factors associated with PTLFU. Results In the audit of May 2015 DMC registries, out of 3696 patients evaluated for TB, 1273 (34.4%) had addresses and phone numbers that were illegible or missing. Out of 344 smear-positive patients tracked from November 2015 to June 2016, 40 (11.6%) did not start TB therapy within 14 days and 36 (10.5%) started therapy but were lost to follow-up or died before official RNTCP registration, for an overall PTLFU rate of 22.1% (95%CI: 17.8%—26.4%). Of all PTLFU patients, 55 (72.4%) were lost to follow-up and 21 (27.6%) died before starting treatment or before RNTCP registration. In the regression analysis, age > 50 years (OR 2.9, 95%CI 1.4—6.5), history of prior TB (OR 3.9, 95%CI 2.2—7.1), evaluation at a high patient volume DMC (OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.7—6.3), and absence of legible patient contact information (OR 4.5, 95%CI 1.3—15.1) were significantly associated with PTLFU. Conclusions In an Indian mega-city, we found a high PTLFU rate, especially in patients with a prior TB history, who are at greater risk for having drug-resistance. Enhancing quality of care and health system transparency is critical for improving linkage of newly diagnosed patients to TB care in urban India. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-018-3039-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beena E Thomas
- Department of Social and Behavioral Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, No. 1, Mayor Sathiyamoorthy Road, Chetpet, Chennai, 600031, India.
| | - Ramnath Subbaraman
- Nutrition Infection Unit, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave., Boston, 02111, USA.,Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center, 260 Tremont St., Boston, 02111, USA
| | - Senthil Sellappan
- Department of Social and Behavioral Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, No. 1, Mayor Sathiyamoorthy Road, Chetpet, Chennai, 600031, India
| | - Chandra Suresh
- Department of Social and Behavioral Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, No. 1, Mayor Sathiyamoorthy Road, Chetpet, Chennai, 600031, India
| | - J Lavanya
- District Tuberculosis Office, No. 26 Pulianthope High Road, Pulianthope, Chennai, 600012, India
| | - Savari Lincy
- Department of Social and Behavioral Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, No. 1, Mayor Sathiyamoorthy Road, Chetpet, Chennai, 600031, India
| | - Agnes Lawrence Raja
- Department of Social and Behavioral Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, No. 1, Mayor Sathiyamoorthy Road, Chetpet, Chennai, 600031, India
| | - B Javeed
- Department of Social and Behavioral Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, No. 1, Mayor Sathiyamoorthy Road, Chetpet, Chennai, 600031, India
| | - S Kokila
- Department of Social and Behavioral Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, No. 1, Mayor Sathiyamoorthy Road, Chetpet, Chennai, 600031, India
| | - S Arumugam
- Department of Social and Behavioral Research, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, No. 1, Mayor Sathiyamoorthy Road, Chetpet, Chennai, 600031, India
| | - Soumya Swaminathan
- World Health Organization Headquarters, Avenue Appia 20, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kenneth H Mayer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 110 Francis St., Boston, 02215, USA.,The Fenway Institute, 1340 Boylston St, 8th floor, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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Ajitha M, Sundar K, Arul Mugilan S, Arumugam S. Development of METAL-ACTIVE SITE and ZINCCLUSTER tool to predict active site pockets. Proteins 2018; 86:322-331. [PMID: 29235146 DOI: 10.1002/prot.25441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The advent of whole genome sequencing leads to increasing number of proteins with known amino acid sequences. Despite many efforts, the number of proteins with resolved three dimensional structures is still low. One of the challenging tasks the structural biologists face is the prediction of the interaction of metal ion with any protein for which the structure is unknown. Based on the information available in Protein Data Bank, a site (METALACTIVE INTERACTION) has been generated which displays information for significant high preferential and low-preferential combination of endogenous ligands for 49 metal ions. User can also gain information about the residues present in the first and second coordination sphere as it plays a major role in maintaining the structure and function of metalloproteins in biological system. In this paper, a novel computational tool (ZINCCLUSTER) is developed, which can predict the zinc metal binding sites of proteins even if only the primary sequence is known. The purpose of this tool is to predict the active site cluster of an uncharacterized protein based on its primary sequence or a 3D structure. The tool can predict amino acids interacting with a metal or vice versa. This tool is based on the occurrence of significant triplets and it is tested to have higher prediction accuracy when compared to that of other available techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ajitha
- Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Sundar
- Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Arul Mugilan
- Raja Doraisingam Government Arts College, Sivaganga, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Arumugam
- Kalasalingam University, Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu, India
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Liu J, Li Y, Arumugam S, Tudor J, Beeby S. Investigation of Low Temperature Processed Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) Films for Printed Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) for Large Area Flexible Applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2018.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Dhandayuthapani T, Girish M, Sivakumar R, Sanjeeviraja C, Gopalakrishnan C, Nagarajan RS, Mathew S, Jun D, Venkatesan T, Kalai Selvan G, Manikandan K, Arumugam S. γ-MnS films with 3D microarchitectures: comprehensive study of the synthesis, microstructural, optical and magnetic properties. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce01536d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A simple procedure to synthesize 3D microarchitectures of γ-MnS films at low temperature is described in the present work.
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Arumugam S, Ellappan R, Sangavi S, Sriram G, Ramakrishna P. Feasibility Analysis of Biodegradable Automotive Lubricant: An Evaluation of Material–Lubricant Compatibility in a Corrosion Perspective. Arab J Sci Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-017-2840-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Arumugam S, Ganguli C, Thiyagarajan R, Bhoi D, Selvan GK, Manikandan K, Pariari A, Mandal P, Uwatoko Y. Effect of pressure on normal and superconducting state properties of iron based superconductor PrFeAsO 0.6F y (y = 0.12, 0.14). Sci Rep 2017; 7:11731. [PMID: 28916795 PMCID: PMC5601470 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11927-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of high pressure (up to 8 GPa) on normal and superconducting state properties of PrFeAsO0.6F0.12, an 1111-type iron based superconductor close to optimal doped region, has been investigated by measuring the temperature dependence of resistivity. Initially, the superconducting transition temperature (T c ) is observed to increase slowly by about 1 K as pressure (P) increases from 0 to 1.3 GPa. With further increase in pressure above 1.3 GPa, T c decreases at the rate of ~1.5 K/GPa. The normal-state resistivity decreases monotonically up to 8 GPa. We have also measured the pressure dependence of magnetization (M) on the same piece of PrFeAsO0.6F0.12 sample up to 1.1 GPa and observed T c as well as the size of the Meissner signal to increase with pressure in this low-pressure region. In contrast, for an over-doped PrFeAsO0.6F0.14 sample, magnetization measurements up to 1.06 GPa show that both T c and the Meissner signal decrease with pressure. The present study clearly reveals two distinct regions in the dome-shaped (T c -P) phase diagram of PrFeAsO0.6F0.12.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Arumugam
- Centre for High Pressure Research, School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, India.
| | - C Ganguli
- ISSP, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - R Thiyagarajan
- Centre for High Pressure Research, School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, India
| | - D Bhoi
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Calcutta, 700 064, India
| | - G Kalai Selvan
- Centre for High Pressure Research, School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, India
| | - K Manikandan
- Centre for High Pressure Research, School of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, India
| | - A Pariari
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Calcutta, 700 064, India
| | - P Mandal
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Calcutta, 700 064, India.
| | - Y Uwatoko
- ISSP, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
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Pervin R, Krishnan M, Rana AK, Kannan M, Arumugam S, Shirage PM. Enhancement of superconducting critical current density by Fe impurity substitution in NbSe 2 single crystals and the vortex pinning mechanism. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:11230-11238. [PMID: 28405663 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp00784a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Magnetization measurements have been used to determine the effect of magnetic impurities (Fe) on the Larkin-Ovchinnikov (LO) 3D collective pinning model in NbSe2 single crystals. Upon increasing the concentration of Fe impurities, the superconducting critical current density enhances appreciably compared to pure NbSe2 reflecting the fact that the addition of magnetic impurities assists in improving the practical applicability of NbSe2. The random pinning potential that is introduced by the Fe impurities also shows a considerable change in the interaction between the vortices and the core region, resulting in a competitive nature of single vortex, small bundle and large bundle pinning regimes in the H-T phase diagram. The intrinsic disorder in pure NbSe2 single crystals shows δTc flux pinning; however, the extrinsic disorder created by Fe atoms in NbSe2 shows δl flux pinning. Furthermore, the field dependence of the pinning force on both NbSe2 and Fe-incorporated NbSe2 represents the existence of point pinning and the surface pinning mechanism with a broadening of the fp curves in the Fe-incorporated single crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rukshana Pervin
- Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science & Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol Campus, Khandwa road, Indore 453552, India.
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Thwaites D, Pogson E, Arumugam S, Hansen C, Currie M, Blake S, Roberts N, Carolan M, Vial P, Juresic J, Ochoa C, Yakobi J, Haman A, Trtovac A, Al-Harthi T, Holloway L. PO-0808: Comparison of multi-institutional QA for VMAT of Nasopharynx with simulated delivery errors. Radiother Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(17)31245-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kothandan S, Arumugam S, Purushothaman I, Swaminathan R. Real time molecular detection of Chikungunya and dengue virus in the female Aedes mosquitoes collected in Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. Trop Biomed 2017; 34:166-173. [PMID: 33592995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Monsoon favors the breeding sites of many mosquito borne viral vectors resulting in increased outbreaks of vector borne infections, such as Chikungunya and dengue infections in the post monsoon period. Hence a pre-monsoon surveillance study of competent vectors carrying Chikungunya and dengue virus would help in better management of vectors and infections. Thus a surveillance study was carried out in Chennai before the onset of monsoon to study the distribution of competent vectors and detection of Chikungunya and dengue virus in female Aedes mosquitoes. Mosquitoes were collected from north, south, east and west zone of Chennai during March to July 2014. Chikungunya (CHIKV) and Dengue virus (DENV) were detected from the collected mosquitoes by Reverse Transcription Real time PCR (RT-PCR) followed by virus isolation in Vero cells. The most predominant species was Culex quinquefasciatis followed by Culex pipiens in the premonsoon period in our study. Viral infection rate during March to July (Premonsoon period) with respect to CHIKV and DENV virus were 0.456. The central zones of Chennai were highly found to inhabit the Aedes species in comparison to other zones surveyed during the premonsoon period. Viral infection rate of CHIKV and DENV were very low in female Aedes mosquitoes during the Pre-Monsoon period in Chennai.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kothandan
- PG and Research Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Presidency College (Aut), Chepauk, Chennai-05, India
| | - S Arumugam
- PG and Research Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Presidency College (Aut), Chepauk, Chennai-05, India
| | - I Purushothaman
- PG and Research Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Presidency College (Aut), Chepauk, Chennai-05, India
| | - R Swaminathan
- PG and Research Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Presidency College (Aut), Chepauk, Chennai-05, India
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Li X, Zhang X, Kalai Selvan G, Arumugam S, Huang F, Wu Y, Yao J. Crystal Growth, Structure, Resistivity, Magnetic, and Photoelectric Properties of One-Dimensional Selenometallate Ba 2 BiFeSe 5. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:3436-3442. [PMID: 27653016 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201601230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Low-dimensional materials have attracted extensive research interest in recent years owing to their interesting structural chemistry and physical properties, which will greatly deepen our knowledge of these materials and could lead to additional breakthroughs in the future. Herein we have synthesized and characterized Ba2 BiFeSe5 , which adopts a quasi-one-dimensional structure and possesses some fascinating physical properties. The sharp divergences between the field-cooled (FC) and the zero-field-cooled (ZFC) data and the rather small magnetic moment per Fe3+ (0.07 μB ) strongly suggest that the title compound is weakly ferromagnetic with a high magnetic transition temperature above room temperature, which is controlled by competing super-exchange interactions within and between [FeBiSe5 ]∞ anionic ladders. Moreover, with its narrow bandgap of 0.95 eV, Ba2 BiFeSe5 shows photoelectric properties with a photocurrent density of approximately 30 mA cm2 at 5 V. Our study demonstrates that Ba2 FeBiSe5 might be a new type of multifunctional material that deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuang Li
- Center for Crystal Research and Development, Key Laboratory of Functional Crystals and Laser Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xian Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - G Kalai Selvan
- Centre for High Pressure Research, School of Physics Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli, 620024, India
| | - S Arumugam
- Centre for High Pressure Research, School of Physics Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli, 620024, India
| | - Fuqiang Huang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yicheng Wu
- Center for Crystal Research and Development, Key Laboratory of Functional Crystals and Laser Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jiyong Yao
- Center for Crystal Research and Development, Key Laboratory of Functional Crystals and Laser Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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