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Perveen K, Bukhari NA, Alshaikh NA, Kondaveeti SB, Alsulami JA, Debnath S, Kumarasamy V. A novel front in sustainable microbial management: computational analysis of curcumin and mangiferin's synergistic action against Bacillus anthracis. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1304234. [PMID: 38646635 PMCID: PMC11026599 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1304234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Microorganisms are crucial in our ecosystem, offering diverse functions and adaptability. The UNGA Science Summit has underscored the importance of understanding microbes in alignment with the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Bacillus anthracis poses significant challenges among various microorganisms due to its harmful effects on both soil and public health. Our study employed computational techniques to investigate the inhibitory effects of curcumin and mangiferin on Bacillus anthracis, with the aim of presenting a novel bio-based approach to microbial management. Methods Employing high-throughput screening, we identified potential binding sites on B. anthracis. Molecular docking revealed that curcumin and mangiferin, when synergistically combined, exhibited strong binding affinities at different sites on the bacterium. Our findings demonstrated a significant drop in binding free energy, indicating a stronger interaction when these compounds were used together. Findings Results of Molecular docking indicated binding energies of -8.45 kcal/mol for mangiferin, -7.68 kcal/mol for curcumin, and a notably higher binding energy of -19.47 kcal/mol for the combination of mangiferin and curcumin with CapD protein. Molecular dynamics simulations further validated these interactions, demonstrating increased stability and structural changes in the bacterium. Conclusion This study highlights the effectiveness of natural compounds like curcumin and mangiferin in microbial management, especially against challenging pathogens like B. anthracis. It emphasizes the potential of sustainable, nature-based solutions and calls for further empirical research to expand upon these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahkashan Perveen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najat A. Bukhari
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najla A. Alshaikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suresh Babu Kondaveeti
- Department of Biochemistry, Symbiosis Medical College for Women, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
| | | | - Sandip Debnath
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - Vinoth Kumarasamy
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Pal S, Bhattacharya S, Dhar T, Gupta A, Ghosh A, Debnath S, Gangavarapu N, Pati P, Chaudhuri N, Chatterjee H, Senapati SK, Bhattacharya PM, Gathala MK, Laing AM. Hymenopteran parasitoid complex and fall armyworm: a case study in eastern India. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4029. [PMID: 38369546 PMCID: PMC10874954 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54342-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) has significantly affected maize crop yields, production efficiency, and farmers' incomes in the Indian Eastern Gangetic Plains region since it was first observed in India in 2018. A lack of awareness by maize growers of the appropriate selection, method, and timing of insecticide application not only creates a barrier to sustainable FAW control but also contributes to increased environmental pollution, reduced human health and increased production costs. We demonstrated that FAW inflicted the most damage in early whorl growth stage of maize, regardless of whether chemical insecticides were applied. FAW egg masses and larvae collected from maize fields in which no insecticides had been sprayed showed high parasitism rates by parasitoid wasps; in contrast fields that had been sprayed had much lower rates of parasitism on FAW. Ten hymenopteran parasitoids were observed in maize fields across the study region, suggesting a diversity of natural methods to suppress FAW in maize at different growth stages. These included two FAW egg parasitoids and eight FAW larval parasitoids. Microplitis manilae Ashmead was the most abundant FAW larval parasitoid species, and Telenomus cf. remus was the dominant FAW egg parasitoid species. Endemic FAW parasitoids such as those observed in this study have great potential as part of a sustainable, cost-effective agroecological management strategy, which can be integrated with other methods to achieve effective control of FAW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhajit Pal
- Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal, 731235, India
| | | | - Tapamay Dhar
- Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya (UBKV), Pundibari, Coochbehar, West Bengal, 736165, India
| | - Ankita Gupta
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources (NBAIR), Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560024, India
| | - Arunava Ghosh
- Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya (UBKV), Pundibari, Coochbehar, West Bengal, 736165, India
| | - Sandip Debnath
- Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal, 731235, India
| | - Nikhitha Gangavarapu
- Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal, 731235, India
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0816, USA
| | - Prajna Pati
- Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal, 731235, India
- Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751030, India
| | - Nilanjana Chaudhuri
- Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya (UBKV), Pundibari, Coochbehar, West Bengal, 736165, India
| | - Hirak Chatterjee
- Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal, 731235, India
| | - Sabita Kumar Senapati
- Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya (UBKV), Pundibari, Coochbehar, West Bengal, 736165, India
| | | | - Mahesh Kumar Gathala
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Alison M Laing
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
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R, Chukwu C, Chung K, Cianciolo G, Cipressa L, Clark S, Clarke H, Clarke R, Clarke S, Cleveland B, Cole E, Coles H, Condurache L, Connor A, Convery K, Cooper A, Cooper N, Cooper Z, Cooperman L, Cosgrove L, Coutts P, Cowley A, Craik R, Cui G, Cummins T, Dahl N, Dai H, Dajani L, D'Amelio A, Damian E, Damianik K, Danel L, Daniels C, Daniels T, Darbeau S, Darius H, Dasgupta T, Davies J, Davies L, Davis A, Davis J, Davis L, Dayanandan R, Dayi S, Dayrell R, De Nicola L, Debnath S, Deeb W, Degenhardt S, DeGoursey K, Delaney M, Deo R, DeRaad R, Derebail V, Dev D, Devaux M, Dhall P, Dhillon G, Dienes J, Dobre M, Doctolero E, Dodds V, Domingo D, Donaldson D, Donaldson P, Donhauser C, Donley V, Dorestin S, Dorey S, Doulton T, Draganova D, Draxlbauer K, Driver F, Du H, Dube F, Duck T, Dugal T, Dugas J, Dukka H, Dumann H, Durham W, Dursch M, Dykas R, Easow R, Eckrich E, Eden G, Edmerson E, Edwards H, Ee LW, Eguchi J, Ehrl Y, Eichstadt K, Eid W, Eilerman B, Ejima Y, Eldon H, Ellam T, Elliott L, 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S, Girakossyan I, Girndt M, Giuffrida A, Glenwright M, Glider T, Gloria R, Glowski D, Goh BL, Goh CB, Gohda T, Goldenberg R, Goldfaden R, Goldsmith C, Golson B, Gonce V, Gong Q, Goodenough B, Goodwin N, Goonasekera M, Gordon A, Gordon J, Gore A, Goto H, Goto S, Goto S, Gowen D, Grace A, Graham J, Grandaliano G, Gray M, Green JB, Greene T, Greenwood G, Grewal B, Grifa R, Griffin D, Griffin S, Grimmer P, Grobovaite E, Grotjahn S, Guerini A, Guest C, Gunda S, Guo B, Guo Q, Haack S, Haase M, Haaser K, Habuki K, Hadley A, Hagan S, Hagge S, Haller H, Ham S, Hamal S, Hamamoto Y, Hamano N, Hamm M, Hanburry A, Haneda M, Hanf C, Hanif W, Hansen J, Hanson L, Hantel S, Haraguchi T, Harding E, Harding T, Hardy C, Hartner C, Harun Z, Harvill L, Hasan A, Hase H, Hasegawa F, Hasegawa T, Hashimoto A, Hashimoto C, Hashimoto M, Hashimoto S, Haskett S, Hauske SJ, Hawfield A, Hayami T, Hayashi M, Hayashi S, Haynes R, Hazara A, Healy C, Hecktman J, Heine G, Henderson H, Henschel R, Hepditch A, Herfurth K, Hernandez G, Hernandez Pena A, Hernandez-Cassis C, Herrington WG, Herzog C, Hewins S, Hewitt D, Hichkad L, Higashi S, Higuchi C, Hill C, Hill L, Hill M, Himeno T, Hing A, Hirakawa Y, Hirata K, Hirota Y, Hisatake T, Hitchcock S, Hodakowski A, Hodge W, Hogan R, Hohenstatt U, Hohenstein B, Hooi L, Hope S, Hopley M, Horikawa S, Hosein D, Hosooka T, Hou L, Hou W, Howie L, Howson A, Hozak M, Htet Z, Hu X, Hu Y, Huang J, Huda N, Hudig L, Hudson A, Hugo C, Hull R, Hume L, Hundei W, Hunt N, Hunter A, Hurley S, Hurst A, Hutchinson C, Hyo T, Ibrahim FH, Ibrahim S, Ihana N, Ikeda T, Imai A, Imamine R, Inamori A, Inazawa H, Ingell J, Inomata K, Inukai Y, Ioka M, Irtiza-Ali A, Isakova T, Isari W, Iselt M, Ishiguro A, Ishihara K, Ishikawa T, Ishimoto T, Ishizuka K, Ismail R, Itano S, Ito H, Ito K, Ito M, Ito Y, Iwagaitsu S, Iwaita Y, Iwakura T, Iwamoto M, Iwasa M, Iwasaki H, Iwasaki S, Izumi K, Izumi K, Izumi T, Jaafar SM, Jackson C, Jackson Y, Jafari G, Jahangiriesmaili M, Jain N, Jansson K, Jasim H, Jeffers L, Jenkins A, Jesky M, Jesus-Silva J, Jeyarajah D, Jiang Y, Jiao X, Jimenez G, Jin B, Jin Q, Jochims J, Johns B, Johnson C, Johnson T, Jolly S, Jones L, Jones L, Jones S, Jones T, Jones V, Joseph M, Joshi S, Judge P, Junejo N, Junus S, Kachele M, Kadowaki T, Kadoya H, Kaga H, Kai H, Kajio H, Kaluza-Schilling W, Kamaruzaman L, Kamarzarian A, Kamimura Y, Kamiya H, Kamundi C, Kan T, Kanaguchi Y, Kanazawa A, Kanda E, Kanegae S, Kaneko K, Kaneko K, Kang HY, Kano T, Karim M, Karounos D, Karsan W, Kasagi R, Kashihara N, Katagiri H, Katanosaka A, Katayama A, Katayama M, Katiman E, Kato K, Kato M, Kato N, Kato S, Kato T, Kato Y, Katsuda Y, Katsuno T, Kaufeld J, Kavak Y, Kawai I, Kawai M, Kawai M, Kawase A, Kawashima S, Kazory A, Kearney J, Keith B, Kellett J, Kelley S, Kershaw M, Ketteler M, Khai Q, Khairullah Q, Khandwala H, Khoo KKL, Khwaja A, Kidokoro K, Kielstein J, Kihara M, Kimber C, Kimura S, Kinashi H, Kingston H, Kinomura M, Kinsella-Perks E, Kitagawa M, Kitajima M, Kitamura S, Kiyosue A, Kiyota M, Klauser F, Klausmann G, Kmietschak W, Knapp K, Knight C, Knoppe A, Knott C, Kobayashi M, Kobayashi R, Kobayashi T, Koch M, Kodama S, Kodani N, Kogure E, Koizumi M, Kojima H, Kojo T, Kolhe N, Komaba H, Komiya T, Komori H, Kon SP, Kondo M, Kondo M, Kong W, Konishi M, Kono K, Koshino M, Kosugi T, Kothapalli B, Kozlowski T, Kraemer B, Kraemer-Guth A, Krappe J, Kraus D, Kriatselis C, Krieger C, Krish P, Kruger B, Ku Md Razi KR, Kuan Y, Kubota S, Kuhn S, Kumar P, Kume S, Kummer I, Kumuji R, Küpper A, Kuramae T, Kurian L, Kuribayashi C, Kurien R, Kuroda E, Kurose T, Kutschat A, Kuwabara N, Kuwata H, La Manna G, Lacey M, Lafferty K, LaFleur P, Lai V, Laity E, Lambert A, Landray MJ, Langlois M, Latif F, Latore E, Laundy E, Laurienti D, Lawson A, Lay M, Leal I, Leal I, Lee AK, Lee J, Lee KQ, Lee R, Lee SA, Lee YY, Lee-Barkey Y, Leonard N, Leoncini G, Leong CM, Lerario S, Leslie A, Levin A, Lewington A, Li J, Li N, Li X, Li Y, Liberti L, Liberti ME, Liew A, Liew YF, 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Effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease: a prespecified secondary analysis from the empa-kidney trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:39-50. [PMID: 38061371 PMCID: PMC7615591 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce progression of chronic kidney disease and the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a wide range of patients. However, their effects on kidney disease progression in some patients with chronic kidney disease are unclear because few clinical kidney outcomes occurred among such patients in the completed trials. In particular, some guidelines stratify their level of recommendation about who should be treated with SGLT2 inhibitors based on diabetes status and albuminuria. We aimed to assess the effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease both overall and among specific types of participants in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA), and included individuals aged 18 years or older with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or with an eGFR of 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher. We explored the effects of 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily versus placebo on the annualised rate of change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR slope), a tertiary outcome. We studied the acute slope (from randomisation to 2 months) and chronic slope (from 2 months onwards) separately, using shared parameter models to estimate the latter. Analyses were done in all randomly assigned participants by intention to treat. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and then followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroups of eGFR included 2282 (34·5%) participants with an eGFR of less than 30 mL/min per 1·73 m2, 2928 (44·3%) with an eGFR of 30 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, and 1399 (21·2%) with an eGFR 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2 or higher. Prespecified subgroups of uACR included 1328 (20·1%) with a uACR of less than 30 mg/g, 1864 (28·2%) with a uACR of 30 to 300 mg/g, and 3417 (51·7%) with a uACR of more than 300 mg/g. Overall, allocation to empagliflozin caused an acute 2·12 mL/min per 1·73 m2 (95% CI 1·83-2·41) reduction in eGFR, equivalent to a 6% (5-6) dip in the first 2 months. After this, it halved the chronic slope from -2·75 to -1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (relative difference 50%, 95% CI 42-58). The absolute and relative benefits of empagliflozin on the magnitude of the chronic slope varied significantly depending on diabetes status and baseline levels of eGFR and uACR. In particular, the absolute difference in chronic slopes was lower in patients with lower baseline uACR, but because this group progressed more slowly than those with higher uACR, this translated to a larger relative difference in chronic slopes in this group (86% [36-136] reduction in the chronic slope among those with baseline uACR <30 mg/g compared with a 29% [19-38] reduction for those with baseline uACR ≥2000 mg/g; ptrend<0·0001). INTERPRETATION Empagliflozin slowed the rate of progression of chronic kidney disease among all types of participant in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial, including those with little albuminuria. Albuminuria alone should not be used to determine whether to treat with an SGLT2 inhibitor. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly.
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P, Pesce F, Pessolano G, Petchey W, Petr EJ, Pfab T, Phelan P, Phillips R, Phillips T, Phipps M, Piccinni G, Pickett T, Pickworth S, Piemontese M, Pinto D, Piper J, Plummer-Morgan J, Poehler D, Polese L, Poma V, Pontremoli R, Postal A, Pötz C, Power A, Pradhan N, Pradhan R, Preiss D, Preiss E, Preston K, Prib N, Price L, Provenzano C, Pugay C, Pulido R, Putz F, Qiao Y, Quartagno R, Quashie-Akponeware M, Rabara R, Rabasa-Lhoret R, Radhakrishnan D, Radley M, Raff R, Raguwaran S, Rahbari-Oskoui F, Rahman M, Rahmat K, Ramadoss S, Ramanaidu S, Ramasamy S, Ramli R, Ramli S, Ramsey T, Rankin A, Rashidi A, Raymond L, Razali WAFA, Read K, Reiner H, Reisler A, Reith C, Renner J, Rettenmaier B, Richmond L, Rijos D, Rivera R, Rivers V, Robinson H, Rocco M, Rodriguez-Bachiller I, Rodriquez R, Roesch C, Roesch J, Rogers J, Rohnstock M, Rolfsmeier S, Roman M, Romo A, Rosati A, Rosenberg S, Ross T, Rossello X, Roura M, Roussel M, Rovner S, Roy S, Rucker S, Rump L, Ruocco M, Ruse S, Russo F, Russo M, Ryder M, Sabarai A, Saccà C, Sachson R, Sadler E, Safiee NS, Sahani M, Saillant A, Saini J, Saito C, Saito S, Sakaguchi K, Sakai M, Salim H, Salviani C, Sammons E, Sampson A, Samson F, Sandercock P, Sanguila S, Santorelli G, Santoro D, Sarabu N, Saram T, Sardell R, Sasajima H, Sasaki T, Satko S, Sato A, Sato D, Sato H, Sato H, Sato J, Sato T, Sato Y, Satoh M, Sawada K, Schanz M, Scheidemantel F, Schemmelmann M, Schettler E, Schettler V, Schlieper GR, Schmidt C, Schmidt G, Schmidt U, Schmidt-Gurtler H, Schmude M, Schneider A, Schneider I, Schneider-Danwitz C, Schomig M, Schramm T, Schreiber A, Schricker S, Schroppel B, Schulte-Kemna L, Schulz E, Schumacher B, Schuster A, Schwab A, Scolari F, Scott A, Seeger W, Seeger W, Segal M, Seifert L, Seifert M, Sekiya M, Sellars R, Seman MR, Shah S, Shah S, Shainberg L, Shanmuganathan M, Shao F, Sharma K, Sharpe C, Sheikh-Ali M, Sheldon J, Shenton C, Shepherd A, Shepperd M, Sheridan R, Sheriff Z, Shibata Y, Shigehara T, Shikata K, Shimamura K, Shimano H, Shimizu Y, Shimoda H, Shin K, Shivashankar G, Shojima N, Silva R, Sim CSB, Simmons K, Sinha S, Sitter T, Sivanandam S, Skipper M, Sloan K, Sloan L, Smith R, Smyth J, Sobande T, Sobata M, Somalanka S, Song X, Sonntag F, Sood B, Sor SY, Soufer J, Sparks H, Spatoliatore G, Spinola T, Squyres S, Srivastava A, Stanfield J, Staplin N, Staylor K, Steele A, Steen O, Steffl D, Stegbauer J, Stellbrink C, Stellbrink E, Stevens W, Stevenson A, Stewart-Ray V, Stickley J, Stoffler D, Stratmann B, Streitenberger S, Strutz F, Stubbs J, Stumpf J, Suazo N, Suchinda P, Suckling R, Sudin A, Sugamori K, Sugawara H, Sugawara K, Sugimoto D, Sugiyama H, Sugiyama H, Sugiyama T, Sullivan M, Sumi M, Suresh N, Sutton D, Suzuki H, Suzuki R, Suzuki Y, Suzuki Y, Suzuki Y, Swanson E, Swift P, Syed S, Szerlip H, Taal M, Taddeo M, Tailor C, Tajima K, Takagi M, Takahashi K, Takahashi K, Takahashi M, Takahashi T, Takahira E, Takai T, Takaoka M, Takeoka J, Takesada A, Takezawa M, Talbot M, Taliercio J, Talsania T, Tamori Y, Tamura R, Tamura Y, Tan CHH, Tan EZZ, Tanabe A, Tanabe K, Tanaka A, Tanaka A, Tanaka N, Tang S, Tang Z, Tanigaki K, Tarlac M, Tatsuzawa A, Tay JF, Tay LL, Taylor J, Taylor K, Taylor K, Te A, Tenbusch L, Teng KS, Terakawa A, Terry J, Tham ZD, Tholl S, Thomas G, Thong KM, Tietjen D, Timadjer A, Tindall H, Tipper S, Tobin K, Toda N, Tokuyama A, Tolibas M, Tomita A, Tomita T, Tomlinson J, Tonks L, Topf J, Topping S, Torp A, Torres A, Totaro F, Toth P, Toyonaga Y, Tripodi F, Trivedi K, Tropman E, Tschope D, Tse J, Tsuji K, Tsunekawa S, Tsunoda R, Tucky B, Tufail S, Tuffaha A, Turan E, Turner H, Turner J, Turner M, Tuttle KR, Tye YL, Tyler A, Tyler J, Uchi H, Uchida H, Uchida T, Uchida T, Udagawa T, Ueda S, Ueda Y, Ueki K, Ugni S, Ugwu E, Umeno R, Unekawa C, Uozumi K, Urquia K, Valleteau A, Valletta C, van Erp R, Vanhoy C, Varad V, Varma R, Varughese A, Vasquez P, Vasseur A, Veelken R, Velagapudi C, Verdel K, Vettoretti S, Vezzoli G, Vielhauer V, Viera R, Vilar E, Villaruel S, Vinall L, Vinathan J, Visnjic M, Voigt E, von-Eynatten M, Vourvou M, Wada J, Wada J, Wada T, Wada Y, Wakayama K, Wakita Y, Wallendszus K, Walters T, Wan Mohamad WH, Wang L, Wang W, Wang X, Wang X, Wang Y, Wanner C, Wanninayake S, Watada H, Watanabe K, Watanabe K, Watanabe M, Waterfall H, Watkins D, Watson S, Weaving L, Weber B, Webley Y, Webster A, Webster M, Weetman M, Wei W, Weihprecht H, Weiland L, Weinmann-Menke J, Weinreich T, Wendt R, Weng Y, Whalen M, Whalley G, Wheatley R, Wheeler A, Wheeler J, Whelton P, White K, Whitmore B, Whittaker S, Wiebel J, Wiley J, Wilkinson L, Willett M, Williams A, Williams E, Williams K, Williams T, Wilson A, Wilson P, Wincott L, Wines E, Winkelmann B, Winkler M, Winter-Goodwin B, Witczak J, Wittes J, Wittmann M, Wolf G, Wolf L, Wolfling R, Wong C, Wong E, Wong HS, Wong LW, Wong YH, Wonnacott A, Wood A, Wood L, Woodhouse H, Wooding N, Woodman A, Wren K, Wu J, Wu P, Xia S, Xiao H, Xiao X, Xie Y, Xu C, Xu Y, Xue H, Yahaya H, Yalamanchili H, Yamada A, Yamada N, Yamagata K, Yamaguchi M, Yamaji Y, Yamamoto A, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto T, Yamanaka A, Yamano T, Yamanouchi Y, Yamasaki N, Yamasaki Y, Yamasaki Y, Yamashita C, Yamauchi T, Yan Q, Yanagisawa E, Yang F, Yang L, Yano S, Yao S, Yao Y, Yarlagadda S, Yasuda Y, Yiu V, Yokoyama T, Yoshida S, Yoshidome E, Yoshikawa H, Young A, Young T, Yousif V, Yu H, Yu Y, Yuasa K, Yusof N, Zalunardo N, Zander B, Zani R, Zappulo F, Zayed M, Zemann B, Zettergren P, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhang N, Zhang X, Zhao J, Zhao L, Zhao S, Zhao Z, Zhong H, Zhou N, Zhou S, Zhu D, Zhu L, Zhu S, Zietz M, Zippo M, Zirino F, Zulkipli FH. Impact of primary kidney disease on the effects of empagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease: secondary analyses of the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:51-60. [PMID: 38061372 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The EMPA-KIDNEY trial showed that empagliflozin reduced the risk of the primary composite outcome of kidney disease progression or cardiovascular death in patients with chronic kidney disease mainly through slowing progression. We aimed to assess how effects of empagliflozin might differ by primary kidney disease across its broad population. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA). Patients were eligible if their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher at screening. They were randomly assigned (1:1) to 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily or matching placebo. Effects on kidney disease progression (defined as a sustained ≥40% eGFR decline from randomisation, end-stage kidney disease, a sustained eGFR below 10 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or death from kidney failure) were assessed using prespecified Cox models, and eGFR slope analyses used shared parameter models. Subgroup comparisons were performed by including relevant interaction terms in models. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroupings by primary kidney disease included 2057 (31·1%) participants with diabetic kidney disease, 1669 (25·3%) with glomerular disease, 1445 (21·9%) with hypertensive or renovascular disease, and 1438 (21·8%) with other or unknown causes. Kidney disease progression occurred in 384 (11·6%) of 3304 patients in the empagliflozin group and 504 (15·2%) of 3305 patients in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·71 [95% CI 0·62-0·81]), with no evidence that the relative effect size varied significantly by primary kidney disease (pheterogeneity=0·62). The between-group difference in chronic eGFR slopes (ie, from 2 months to final follow-up) was 1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (95% CI 1·16-1·59), representing a 50% (42-58) reduction in the rate of chronic eGFR decline. This relative effect of empagliflozin on chronic eGFR slope was similar in analyses by different primary kidney diseases, including in explorations by type of glomerular disease and diabetes (p values for heterogeneity all >0·1). INTERPRETATION In a broad range of patients with chronic kidney disease at risk of progression, including a wide range of non-diabetic causes of chronic kidney disease, empagliflozin reduced risk of kidney disease progression. Relative effect sizes were broadly similar irrespective of the cause of primary kidney disease, suggesting that SGLT2 inhibitors should be part of a standard of care to minimise risk of kidney failure in chronic kidney disease. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, and UK Medical Research Council.
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Debnath S, Alqahtani T, Alqahtani A, Alharbi HM, Akash S. Lupenone, a wonder chemical obtained from Euphorbia segetalis to boost affinity for the transcriptional factor escalating drought-tolerance in Solanum Lycopersicum: A cutting-edge computational biology approach. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281293. [PMID: 37939107 PMCID: PMC10631687 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought is the single greatest abiotic factor influencing crop yield worldwide. Plants remain in one area for extended periods, making them vulnerable to natural and man-made influences. Understanding plant drought responses will help us develop strategies for breeding drought-resistant crops. Large proteome analysis revealed that leaf and root tissue proteins respond to drought differently depending on the plant's genotype. Commonly known as tomatoes, Solanum Lycopersicum is a globally important vegetable crop. However, drought stress is one of the most significant obstacles to tomato production, making the development of cultivars adapted to dry conditions an essential goal of agricultural biotechnology. Breeders have put quite a lot of time and effort into the tomato to increase its productivity, adaptability, and resistance to biotic and abiotic challenges. However, conventional tomato breeding has only improved drought resistance due to the complexity of drought traits. The resilience of tomatoes under drought stress has been the subject of extensive study. Using contemporary sequencing approaches like genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics has dramatically aided in discovering drought-responsive genes. One of the most prominent families of plant transcription factors, WRKY genes, plays a crucial role in plant growth and development in response to natural and abiotic stimuli. To develop plants that can withstand both biotic and abiotic stress, understanding the relationships between WRKY-proteins (transcription factors) and other proteins and ligands in plant cells is essential. This is despite the fact that tomatoes have a long history of domestication. This research aims to utilize Lupenone, a hormone produced in plant roots in response to stress, to increase drought resistance in plants. Lupenone exhibits a strong affinity for the WRKY protein at -9.64 kcal/mol. Molecular docking and modeling studies show that these polyphenols have a significant role in making Solanum Lycopersicum drought-resistant and improving the quality of its fruit. As a result of climate change, droughts are occurring more frequently and persisting for more extended periods, making it necessary to breed crops resistant to drought. While considerable variability for tolerance exists in wild cousins, little is known about the processes and essential genes influencing drought tolerance in cultivated tomato species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Debnath
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - Taha Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan M. Alharbi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shopnil Akash
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Ashulia, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Rahimi M, Debnath S. Estimating optimum and base selection indices in plant and animal breeding programs by development new and simple SAS and R codes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18977. [PMID: 37923801 PMCID: PMC10624857 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46368-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Selection of desirable genotypes or progenies is perhaps the most important practical method in plant and animal breeding programs. The selection index method is the most useful method to choose superior genotypes based on using simultaneous several traits. The optimum and base selection indices are the two indicators that are most used in plant and animal breeding. In this paper, a simple and practical code was developed for the analysis of optimum, base, and Pesek and Baker selection indices. Four different criteria were used to evaluate the selection index, and the phenotypic and genotypic variance-covariance matrix of traits was obtained based on statistical or genetical design. Moreover, an index that was more efficient on these coefficients was used for the breeding program. The results showed that simultaneous selection for the important traits desired by the breeder through economic values such as heritability, genetic, or phenotypic correlation is the most effective method for selecting the best genotypes. Therefore, the best progeny or genotype can be selected to use in breeding programs. This program provides detailed information on selection indices of segregation and natural populations involving any number of individuals or genotypes. These codes are much easier and simpler than other programs and provide more information than other programs. This code is easy to execute in both R and SAS programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Rahimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Sandip Debnath
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Palli-Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India
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Rahimi M, Mortazavi M, Mianabadi A, Debnath S. Evaluation of basil (Ocimum basilicum) accessions under different drought conditions based on yield and physio-biochemical traits. BMC Plant Biol 2023; 23:523. [PMID: 37891460 PMCID: PMC10612340 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04554-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basil is one of the most famous herbs, which has broad usage as a fresh vegetable and therapeutic and pharmaceutical services. The main abiotic stress limiting basil production globally is drought. As a result, appropriate drought screening-which effectively separates high-yielding but drought-sensitive genotypes from drought-tolerant genotypes-is necessary for the optimal selection of high-yielding basil cultivars under drought stress conditions. So, a split plot experiment with three replications based on a completely randomized design were carried out in a pot under field conditions for this investigation. Water levels (full irrigation or control, moderate stress, and severe stress) were assigned as main plots, while 22 basil accessions were given as sub-plots. In this study, leaf yield as well as physio-biochemical traits had measured on accessions. RESULTS Our results revealed large variation in yield, essential oil (%), protein, proline, chlorophyll, total phenol and flavonoids traits across the 22 accessions. The percentage of leaf yield reduction in moderate drought stress than normal conditions showed that G1 (-6.5%), G17 (-7.05%), G20 (-9.01%), and G12 (-10.9%) accessions had the least changes, respectively. Although in severe drought stress than normal conditions, the G1 (-32.01%), G12 (-33.12%), G4 (-33.24%), G7 (-34.11%), and G17 (-34.93%) accessions had the least amount of change in plant leaf yield, respectively. Furthermore, the highest yield reduction occurred in moderate and severe stress conditions in G18 (-25.36%) and G8 (-42.98%) accessions, respectively. Cluster analysis based on the ward method in both conditions (moderate and severe drought conditions) placed the accessions in three groups, and accessions were identified as tolerant, whose average traits in that group were higher than the total average. The principal component analysis also showed that in moderate drought conditions, the first two components explained about 95.28% of the total variation, while in severe drought conditions, these two components explained about 96.37% of the total variation. CONCLUSIONS The different multivariate analyses (cluster analysis, PCA, mean comparison) were used to identify tolerant and sensitive accessions based on all traits. The accessions G3, G4, G6, and G7 were found to be tolerant to stress, while G10, G15, G16, and G20 were found to be sensitive to drought. These accessions are a useful step in producing drought-tolerant, high-yielding accessions and can be utilized in breeding programs for basil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Rahimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Mojtaba Mortazavi
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ameneh Mianabadi
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sandip Debnath
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, PalliSiksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, 731236, India
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Mujafarkani N, Ahamed FM, Babu KS, Debnath S, Sayed AA, Albadrani GM, Al-Ghadi MQ, Kumarasamy V, Subramaniyan V, Kamaraj C, Abdel-Daim MM. Unveiling a novel terpolymer-metal complex: A detailed exploration of synthesis, characterization, and its potential as an antimicrobial and antioxidant agent. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20459. [PMID: 37810859 PMCID: PMC10551568 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In an innovative approach to push the boundaries of antimicrobial and antioxidant strategies, we present the synthesis and characterization of a novel terpolymer derived from N-Phenyl-p-phenylenediamine and 2-aminopyrimidine with formaldehyde in the presence of dimethylformamide as a reaction medium through polycondensation technique. Leveraging this terpolymer as a ligand, we introduce an intriguing terpolymer-metal complex, created with Ni (II) metal ion. In our pursuit to validate the structure and properties of these substances, we performed meticulous characterizations using important spectral studies such as FTIR, electronic, and 1H NMR spectroscopy. This provided us with a unique fingerprint for the (N-Phenyl-p-phenylenediamine-2-aminopyrimidine-formaldehyde) terpolymeric ligand (PAF) and its metal complex. In addition, the molecular weights of PAF terpolymer were established using gel permeation chromatography. Upon investigation, PAF terpolymer and PAF-Ni complex exhibited impressive antimicrobial activity, tested by the disc-diffusion technique. Both demonstrated potency against a range of harmful bacterial and fungal strains, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus niger. In an extension to their biological applications, we evaluated the free radical scavenging activity of PAF terpolymer and PAF-Ni complex using the DPPH assay. The complex PAF-Ni showcased an enhanced scavenging activity 73.94% (IC50 = 17.58) compared to the ligand PAF 63.06% (IC50 = 27.61) at 100 μg/ml indicating its potential role in oxidative stress management.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Mujafarkani
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Jamal Mohamed College (Autonomous), (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli, 620020, Tamilnadu, India
| | - F.M. Mashood Ahamed
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Jamal Mohamed College (Autonomous), (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli, 620020, Tamilnadu, India
| | - K. Suresh Babu
- Department of Biochemistry, Symbiosis Medical College for Women, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
| | - Sandip Debnath
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, PIN-731236, India
| | - Amany A. Sayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Ghadeer M. Albadrani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muath Q. Al-Ghadi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vinoth Kumarasamy
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, India
| | - Chinnaperumal Kamaraj
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM), SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRMIST), Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah, 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
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Rajan N, Debnath S, Perveen K, Khan F, Pandey B, Srivastava A, Khanam MN, Subramaniyan V, Kumarasamy V, Paul PJ, Lal M. Optimizing hybrid vigor: a comprehensive analysis of genetic distance and heterosis in eggplant landraces. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1238870. [PMID: 37719210 PMCID: PMC10501132 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1238870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Introduction This study explored the molecular characterization of 14 eggplant (brinjal) genotypes to evaluate their genetic diversity and the impact of heterosis. As eggplant is a vital horticultural crop with substantial economic and nutritional value, a comprehensive understanding of its genetic makeup and heterosis effects is essential for effective breeding strategies. Our aim was not only to dissect the genetic diversity among these genotypes but also to determine how genetic distance impacts heterotic patterns, which could ultimately help improve hybrid breeding programs. Methods Genetic diversity was assessed using 20 SSR markers, and the parental lines were grouped into five clusters based on the Unweighted Pair Group Method of Arithmetic Means (UPGMA). Heterosis was examined through yield and yield-related traits among parents and hybrids. Results Polymorphisms were detected in eight out of the twenty SSR markers across the parental lines. Notably, a high genetic distance was observed between some parents. The analysis of yield and yield-related traits demonstrated significant heterosis over mid, superior, and standard parents, particularly in fruit yield per plant. Two crosses (RKML-26 X PPC and RKML1 X PPC) displayed substantial heterosis over mid and better parents, respectively. However, the positive correlation between genetic distance and heterosis was only up to a certain threshold; moderate genetic distance often resulted in higher heterosis compared to very high genetic distance. Discussion These findings emphasize the critical role of parental selection in hybrid breeding programs. The results contribute to the understanding of the relationship between genetic distance and heterosis, and it is suggested that future research should delve into the genetic mechanisms that drive heterosis and the effect of genetic distance variance on heterosis. The insights drawn from this study can be harnessed to enhance crop yield and economic value in breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Rajan
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati University, West Bengal Sriniketan, India
| | - Sandip Debnath
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati University, West Bengal Sriniketan, India
| | - Kahkashan Perveen
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faheema Khan
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Brijesh Pandey
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Mahoba, India
| | - Akanksha Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Mehrun Nisha Khanam
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Pharmacology Unit, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vinoth Kumarasamy
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pronob J. Paul
- International Rice Research Institute, South Asia Hub, Hyderabad, India
| | - Mohan Lal
- Agrotechnology and Rural Development Division, CSIR-NORTH-EAST INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, Jorhat, Assam, India
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Debnath S, Elgorban AM, Bahkali AH, Eswaramoorthy R, Verma M, Tiwari P, Wang S, Wong LS, Syed A. Exploring the efficacy of 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACCA) as a natural compound in strengthening maize resistance against biotic and abiotic stressors: an empirical computational study. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1232086. [PMID: 37637126 PMCID: PMC10457119 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1232086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to understand plant-bacteria interactions that enhance plant resistance to environmental stressors, with a focus on maize (Zea mays L.) and its vulnerability to various pathogenic organisms. We examine the potential of 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACCA) as a compound to boost maize's resilience against stressors and pathogens. Background With the growing global population and increased food demand, the study of endophytes, comprising bacteria and fungi, becomes crucial. They reside within plant tissues, affecting their hosts either beneficially or detrimentally. Agrobacteria are of specific interest due to their potential to contribute to developing strategies for plant resistance enhancement. Methods We conducted exhaustive research on the defense-related proteins and mechanisms involved in maize-pathogen interactions. The efficacy of ACCA as a natural-compound that could enhance maize's resistance was examined. Results Our research indicates that ACCA, having a binding energy of -9.98 kcal/mol, successfully strengthens maize resistance against pathogenic assaults and drought stress. It plays a crucial protective role in maize plants as they mature, outperforming other ligands in its effectiveness to improve productivity and increase yield. Conclusion Applying ACCA to maize plants has considerable potential in enhancing their resilience and tolerance to stress, proving to be an effective strategy to boost crop yield and productivity. This could help address the increasing global food demand. However, more research is needed to optimize ACCA application methods and to gain a comprehensive understanding of its long-term effects on maize cultivations and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Debnath
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, India
| | - Abdallah M. Elgorban
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H. Bahkali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajalakshmanan Eswaramoorthy
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMMAND), Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India
| | - Meenakshi Verma
- University Centre for Research and Development, Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, India
| | - Pragya Tiwari
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Shifa Wang
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Shing Wong
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Xu C, Debnath S, Syed A, Elgorban AM, Bahkali AH, Eswaramaathy R, Verma M, Uddin Helal MM, Jian X. Action of the plant-based essential oil-derived compound Taxol for improvising drought tolerance in Eucalyptus by modulating the VIT1 channel protein: a cutting-edge computational approach. Front Genet 2023; 14:1165518. [PMID: 37388933 PMCID: PMC10303784 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1165518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Drought poses a significant threat to the growth and survival of woody plants, especially Eucalyptus grandis, which is known for its slow and steady growth. Understanding the physiological and molecular responses of E. grandis to abiotic stress is essential for developing strategies to improve its drought resistance. This study focuses on the potential vulnerability of E. grandis during the initial months of root system proliferation and investigates the role of the essential oil-derived compound Taxol in enhancing its drought resistance. Methodology: A comprehensive analysis was performed on various aspects of E. grandis, including morphological features, photosynthetic rates, pigment concentrations, nitrogenous components, and lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, the study examined the accumulation of soluble carbohydrates, proline, and antioxidant enzymes as part of the tree's response to drought stress. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to determine the binding affinity of Taxol, an essential oil derived from Taxus brevifolia, with the VIT1 protein in E. grandis. Results: E. grandis displayed remarkable resilience to drought by accumulating vast reserves of soluble carbohydrates, proline, and antioxidant enzymes. The essential oil-derived compound Taxol exhibited a strong binding affinity with the VIT1 protein (-10.23 kcal/mol), suggesting its potential role in enhancing the tree's drought resistance. Conclusion: This study reveals the pivotal role of Taxol in augmenting the resilience of E. grandis against drought stress and improving its therapeutic oil properties. Emphasizing the tree's inherent tolerance during its susceptible early stages is crucial in promoting sustainable agriculture and forestry practices. The findings underscore the importance of advanced scientific research in uncovering the concealed capabilities of robust trees like E. grandis as we continue our pursuit of a sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- Anhui Science and Technology University, College of Architecture, Fengyang, Anhui, China
| | - Sandip Debnath
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdallah M. Elgorban
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H. Bahkali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajalakahmanen Eswaramaathy
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMMAND), Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India
| | - Meenakshi Verma
- Department of Chemistry, University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Md Mostofa Uddin Helal
- Institute of Wheat Research, State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Linfen, China
| | - Xing Jian
- Anhui Science and Technology University, College of Architecture, Fengyang, Anhui, China
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Pramanik B, Debnath S, Rahimi M, Helal MMU, Hasan R. Morphometric frequency and spectrum of gamma-ray-induced chlorophyll mutants identified by phenotype and development of novel variants in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.). PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286975. [PMID: 37307261 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic variations are a crucial source of germplasm heterogeneity, as they contribute to the development of new traits for plant breeding by offering an allele resource. Gamma rays have been widely used as a physical agent to produce mutations in plants, and their mutagenic effect has attracted much attention. Nonetheless, few studies have examined the whole mutation spectrum in large-scale phenotypic evaluations. To comprehensively investigate the mutagenic effects of gamma irradiation on lentils, biological consequences on the M1 generation and substantial phenotypic screening on the M2 generation were undertaken. Additionally, the study followed the selected mutants into the M3 generation to evaluate the agronomic traits of interest for crop improvement. Seeds of lentil variety Moitree were irradiated with a range of acute gamma irradiation doses (0, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, and 350 Gy) to induce unique genetic variability. This research focused on determining the GR50 value while considering seedling parameters and examining the status of pollen fertility while comparing the effects of the gamma irradiation dosages. The GR50 value was determined to be 217.2 Gy using the seedling parameters. Pollens from untreated seed-grown plants were approximately 85% fertile, but those treated with the maximum dosage (350 Gy) were approximately 28% fertile. Numerous chlorophyll and morphological mutants were produced in the M2 generation, with the 300 Gy -treated seeds being the most abundant, followed by the 250 Gy -treated seeds. This demonstrated that an appropriate dosage of gamma rays was advantageous when seeking to generate elite germplasm resources for one or multiple traits. Selected mutants in the M3 generation showed improved agronomic traits, including plant height, root length, number of pods per plant, and yield per plant. These investigations will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the mutagenic effects and actions of gamma rays, providing a basis for the selection and design of suitable mutagens. This will facilitate the development of more controlled mutagenesis protocols for plant breeding and help guide future research directions for crop improvement using radiation-induced mutation breeding techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Pramanik
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - Sandip Debnath
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - Mehdi Rahimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
| | - Md Mostofa Uddin Helal
- Institute of Wheat Research, State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Linfen, China
| | - Rakibul Hasan
- Department of Plant Pathology and Seed Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh
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Debnath S, Kant A, Bhowmick P, Malakar A, Purkaystha S, Jena BK, Mudgal G, Rahimi M, Helal MMU, Hasan R, Chen JT, Azam F. The Enhanced Affinity of WRKY Reinforces Drought Tolerance in Solanum lycopersicum L.: An Innovative Bioinformatics Study. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:762. [PMID: 36840110 PMCID: PMC9967840 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the scenario of global climate change, understanding how plants respond to drought is critical for developing future crops that face restricted water resources. This present study focuses on the role of WRKY transcription factors on drought tolerance in tomato, Solanum lycopersicum L., which is a significant vegetable crop. WRKY transcription factors are a group of proteins that regulate a wild range of growth and developmental processes in plants such as seed germination and dormancy and the stress response. These transcription factors are defined by the presence of a DNA-binding domain, namely, the WRKY domain. It is well-known that WRKY transcription factors can interact with a variety of proteins and therefore control downstream activities. It aims to simulate the effect of curcumin, a bioactive compound with regulatory capacity, on the protein-protein interaction events by WRKY transcription factors with an emphasis on drought stress. It was found that curcumin binds to WRKY with an energy of -11.43 kcal/mol with inhibitory concentration (Ki) 0.12 mM and has the potential to improve fruit quality and reinforce drought tolerance of S. lycopersicum, according to the results based on bioinformatics tools. The root means square deviation (RMSD) of the C-α, the backbone of 2AYD with ligand coupled complex, displayed a very stable structure with just a little variation of 1.89 Å. MD simulation trajectory of Cα atoms of 2AYD bound to Curcumin revealed more un-ordered orientation in PC1 and PC10 modes and more toward negative correlation from the initial 400 frames during PCA. Establishing the binding energies of the ligand-target interaction is essential in order to characterize the compound's binding affinity to the drought transcription factor. We think we have identified a phyto-agent called curcumin that has the potential to enhance the drought tolerance. Compared to the part of the mismatch repair-base technique that can be used to fix drought related genes, curcumin performed better in a drop-in crop yield over time, and it was suggested that curcumin is a potential candidate factor for improving drought tolerance in tomatoes, and it needs future validation by experiments in laboratory and field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Debnath
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan 731236, India
| | - Achal Kant
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Narayan Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Gopal Narayan Singh University, Sasaram 821305, India
| | - Pradipta Bhowmick
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan 731236, India
| | - Ayushman Malakar
- Genetics and Tree Improvement Division, Institute of Forest Productivity (ICFRE), Ranchi 835303, India
| | - Shampa Purkaystha
- Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding and Seed Science & Technology, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Paralakhamundi 761211, India
| | - Binod Kumar Jena
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan 731236, India
| | - Gaurav Mudgal
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, India
| | - Mehdi Rahimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman 7631885356, Iran
| | - Md Mostofa Uddin Helal
- Institute of Wheat Research, State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Linfen 041000, China
| | - Rakibul Hasan
- Department of Plant Pathology and Seed Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Jen-Tsung Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
| | - Faizul Azam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia
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Perveen K, Alfagham AT, Debnath S, Bukhari NA, Wei DQ, Alshaikh NA, Alwadai AS. Enriching drought resistance in Solanum lycopersicum using Abscisic acid as drought enhancer derived from Lygodium japonicum: A new-fangled computational approach. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1106857. [PMID: 36818888 PMCID: PMC9933497 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1106857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Drought is the largest abiotic factor impacting agriculture. Plants are challenged by both natural and artificial stressors because they are immobile. To produce drought-resistant plants, we need to know how plants react to drought. A largescale proteome study of leaf and root tissue found drought-responsive proteins. Tomato as a vegetable is grown worldwide. Agricultural biotechnology focuses on creating drought-resistant cultivars. This is important because tomato drought is so widespread. Breeders have worked to improve tomato quality, production, and stress resistance. Conventional breeding approaches have only increased drought tolerance because of drought's complexity. Many studies have examined how tomatoes handle drought. With genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and modern sequencing technologies, it's easier to find drought-responsive genes. METHOD Biotechnology and in silico studies has helped demonstrate the function of drought-sensitive genes and generate drought-resistant plant types. The latest tomato genome editing technology is another. WRKY genes are plant transcription factors. They help plants grow and respond to both natural and artificial stimuli. To make plants that can handle stress, we need to know how WRKY-proteins, which are transcription factors, work with other proteins and ligands in plant cells by molecular docking and modeling study. RESULT Abscisic acid, a plant hormone generated in stressed roots, was used here to make plants drought-resistant. Abscisic acid binds WRKY with binding affinity -7.4kcal/mol and inhibitory concentration (Ki) 0.12 microM. DISCUSSION This study aims to modulate the transcription factor so plants can handle drought and stress better. Therefore, polyphenols found to make Solanum lycopersicum more drought-tolerant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahkashan Perveen
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alanoud T. Alfagham
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sandip Debnath
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - Najat A. Bukhari
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dong-Qing Wei
- Tianjin Institute of Bioinformatics and Drug Discovery (TIBDD), Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Najla A. Alshaikh
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aisha Saleh Alwadai
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Alamri AH, Debnath S, Alqahtani T, Alqahtani A, Alshehri SA, Ghosh A. Enhancing plant-derived smart nano inhibitor in targeting mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in breast cancer using Curcuma longa-derived compound curcumin. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-25375-0. [PMID: 36719580 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25375-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a diverse female malignancy; its classification is based on clinical evidence and pathological elucidation. Large public drug screening data databases combined with transcriptome measures have helped develop predictive computational models. Breast cancer is frequent among women worldwide. Several genes increase breast cancer risk. The Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (popularly known as mTOR) is a risk factor mutated in numerous breast carcinoma types. This has caught the scientific community's focus, which is attempting to generate creative, potent, and bio-available ligands for future anti-cancer treatments to establish a practical therapeutic approach. mTOR is a protein kinase involved in cell proliferation, survival, metabolism, and immune response. Activating mTOR promotes cancer growth and spread. To generate a bioavailable and effective mTOR inhibitor, we used computer-aided drug design to study chromones and flavonoids, two naturally occurring chemicals with many biological activities. We used Curcuma longaderived tiny nano-molecules, which can be coated using liposomes to target mTOR to prevent breast cancer growth. The significant interactions of Curcumin were anticipated using molecular docking. It had the highest binding affinity at -12.26 kcal/mol. 100 nanoseconds of molecular dynamic modelling confirmed Curcumin and mTOR receptor interaction. Liposomes are a form of medicine carrier. To improve healthcare, more liposome-like nanostructures are being made. Nanostructures' interactions with living creatures are being studied. Half-life, tissue accumulation, and toxicity have been studied. Future medication distribution may use nanocarriers having a liposome-like form, enabling targeted nano-delivery. Curcumin's interaction with the active site increased the complex's structural stability during its expansion. Our results may help future investigations of Curcumin's efficacy as a possible lead treatment targeting mTOR receptors in breast cancer. Using Curcumin as a potential anti-cancer drug with lipid-coated nano-particles allows for tailored administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H Alamri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sandip Debnath
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, 731236, India
| | - Taha Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Ali Alshehri
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arabinda Ghosh
- Microbiology Division, Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati, 781014, Assam, India.
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Debnath S, Sharma D, Chaudhari SY, Sharma R, Shaikh AA, Buchade RS, Kesari KK, Abdel-Fattah AFM, Algahtani M, Mheidat M, Alsaidalani R, Paul T, Sayed AA, Abdel-Daim MM. Wheat ergot fungus-derived and modified drug for inhibition of intracranial aneurysm rupture due to dysfunction of TLR-4 receptor in Alzheimer's disease. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279616. [PMID: 36656815 PMCID: PMC9851541 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a form of dementia that strikes elderly people more frequently than it does younger people. The cognitive skills and memory of Alzheimer's sufferers continue to deteriorate over time. Recent studies have shown that patients with AD have greater amounts of inflammatory markers in their bodies, which suggests that inflammation occurs early on in the progression of the disease. There is a possibility that Aß oligomers and fibrils can be recognised by TLRs, in addition to the microglial receptors CD14, CD36, and CD47. When Aß binds to either CD36 or TLR4, it sets off a chain reaction of inflammatory chemokines and cytokines that ultimately results in neurodegeneration. Diabetes and Alzheimer's disease have both been recently related to TLR4. The activation of TLR4 has been connected to a variety of clinical difficulties that are associated with diabetes, in addition to the internal environment of the body and the microenvironment of the brain. TLR4 inhibitors have been shown in clinical investigations to not only lessen the likelihood of getting sick but also to increase the average longevity. RESULT In this work we used molecular docking and molecular dynamics modelling to investigate the effectiveness of FDA-approved antidiabetic plant derived drugs in combating the TLR4 receptor. Molecular docking experiments were used to make a prediction regarding the most important interactions involving 2-Bromoergocryptine Mesylate. With a binding affinity of -8.26 kcal/mol, it stood out from the other candidates as the one with the greatest potential. To verify the interaction pattern that takes place between 2-Bromoergocryptine Mesylate and the TLR4 receptor, a molecular dynamic simulation was run at a time scale of 150 nanoseconds. Because of this, 2-Bromoergocryptine Mesylate was able to make substantial contact with the active site, which led to increased structural stability during the process of the complex's dynamic development. CONCLUSION As a result of this, the results of our research may be relevant for future research into the efficacy of 2-bromoergocryptine mesylate as a potential lead treatment for TLR4 receptors in intracranial aneurysm rupture in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Debnath
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - Devesh Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, ICMR - National JALMA Institute for Leprosy & Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Somdatta Yashwant Chaudhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Progressive Education Society’s Modern College of Pharmacy, Nigdi, Pune, India
| | - Ritika Sharma
- Department University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amir Afzal Shaikh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SCES’s Indira College of Pharmacy "Niramay", Tathwade, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rahul Subhash Buchade
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SCES’s Indira College of Pharmacy "Niramay", Tathwade, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | | | | | - Mohammad Algahtani
- Department of Laboratory & Blood Bank, Security Forces Hospital, Meca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mayyadah Mheidat
- Medicine Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawidh Alsaidalani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tapas Paul
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - Amany A. Sayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Jain V, Debnath S, Sharma A, Kamboj M, Mohanty A, Rawal S. Isolated lymph node recurrence in epithelial ovarian cancer - management and outcome. J Visc Surg 2022:S1878-7886(22)00173-4. [PMID: 36564260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of our study was to assess the clinical outcome of isolated lymph node recurrence in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer treated by surgery and to analyze the impact of various clinico-pathological factors on prognosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of all the epithelial ovarian cancer patients who underwent secondary lymphadenectomy surgery for isolated lymph node recurrence at our institute from 2013 to 2020. Univariate analysis of various factors influencing the post-recurrence disease free survival and post-recurrence survival was done using Kaplan-Meier for categorical variables and cox-proportional hazard progression for continuous variables. RESULTS A total of 21 patients of isolated lymph node recurrence were treated surgically during the study period. The median disease free interval to develop lymph nodal recurrence was 13 months. All the patients achieved complete resection to no gross residual disease without any significant morbidity associated with the procedure. The median post-recurrence disease free survival after treatment of lymph node recurrence was 25 months with 3-year post-recurrence survival of 72% and 3-year overall survival of 85%. Amongst the factors influencing post-recurrence disease free survival, young age (< 50 years), para-aortic lymph node dissection at initial surgery and single site of lymph node recurrence were significantly associated with better prognosis. A single site of lymph node recurrence was associated with significantly better post-recurrence survival. CONCLUSIONS Complete resection is feasible for epithelial ovarian cancer patients presenting with isolated lymph node recurrence, without any significant perioperative morbidity. When combined with postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, complete resection is associated with favourable survival outcomes. Young age, para-aortic lymph node dissection during primary surgery and single site of lymph node recurrence are associated with better prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Jain
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Rajiv-Gandhi Cancer Institute and research Centre, Delhi, India.
| | - S Debnath
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Rajiv-Gandhi Cancer Institute and research Centre, Delhi, India
| | - A Sharma
- Department of Histopathology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Delhi, India
| | - M Kamboj
- Department of Histopathology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Delhi, India
| | - A Mohanty
- Department of Research, Rajiv-Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Delhi, India
| | - S Rawal
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Rajiv-Gandhi Cancer Institute and research Centre, Delhi, India
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Chakraborty NR, Lakshman SS, Debnath S, Rahimi M. Yield stability and economic heterosis analysis in newly bred sunflower hybrids throughout diverse agro-ecological zones. BMC Plant Biol 2022; 22:579. [PMID: 36510140 PMCID: PMC9743611 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03983-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Exploration of heterosis is a strategy for enhancing sunflower yield and productivity. In India, the greatest constraints on sunflower production are stagnant and inconsistent yields. By raising them in a variety of ecological conditions, stable per-se performance with the highest yielding potential sunflower hybrids were selected. Sustainable agriculture requires the use of desirable hybrids with high seed yields and oil content too. By making three distinct crossing sets from 32 sunflower genotypes, 11 cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), and 21 restorer lines, a total of 124 hybrids were developed (comprising both lines and tester). After extensive field evaluation of all hybrids, only eight superior F1s belonging to all three sets, as well as the three national control hybrids KBSH-53, LSFH-171, and DRSH-1, were selected for stability analysis in four agro-ecological regions of West Bengal, India viz., Nimpith, Baruipur, Bankura, and Berhapore. The genetic stability of several phenotypic characters was assessed using statistical models that examine genotype-environment interaction (G × E) in multi-locational yield trials. In this experiment, the performance of hybrids under various environmental circumstances over two-year periods was measured using regression coefficient (bi) and deviations from regression (S2di). With the exception of genotypes CMS-852A × EC-601751 for volume weight (0.9335) and CMS-302A × EC-623011 for head diameter (0.0905) and volume weight (0.6425), all sunflower genotypes for all concerned traits had extremely minor and negligible deviations from regression (S2di), which showed significant values. The genotypes having insignificant values of S2di were more stable. The economic heterosis of these novel hybrids was also quantified. CMS-302A × EC-623011 in which seed yield was recorded 20.90, 20.91, 20.95 and 20.90% higher than DRSH-1 at Nimpith, Baruipur, Bankura and PORS (Berhampur), respectively. The research revealed that CMS-302A × EC-623011, CMS-853A × EC-623027 and P-2-7-1A × EC-512682 exhibited good seed production and stability for critical agronomic parameters in addition to oil content. As a result, the current researches enlighten to find out how stable the expression of important economic traits in sunflower hybrids is.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihar Ranjan Chakraborty
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, 731236, Santiniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - Shyam Sundar Lakshman
- AICRP Sunflower, Nimpith Centre, South 24 Parganas, Nimpith,, West Bengal, 743338, India
| | - Sandip Debnath
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, 731236, Santiniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - Mehdi Rahimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.
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Kaur J, Mudgal G, Chand K, Singh GB, Perveen K, Bukhari NA, Debnath S, Mohan TC, Charukesi R, Singh G. An exopolysaccharide-producing novel Agrobacterium pusense strain JAS1 isolated from snake plant enhances plant growth and soil water retention. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21330. [PMID: 36494408 PMCID: PMC9734154 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25225-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A peculiar bacterial growth was very often noticed in leaf-initiated tissue cultures of Sansevieria trifasciata, a succulent belonging to the Asparagaceae family. The isolate left trails of some highly viscous material on the walls of the suspension vessels or developed a thick overlay on semisolid media without adversities in plant growth. FTIR identified this substance to be an extracellular polysaccharide. Various morphological, biochemical tests, and molecular analyses using 16S rRNA, atpD, and recA genes characterized this isolate JAS1 as a novel strain of Agrobacterium pusense. Its mucoidal growth over Murashige and Skoog media yielded enormous exopolysaccharide (7252 mg l-1), while in nutrient agar it only developed fast-growing swarms. As a qualifying plant growth-promoting bacteria, it produces significant indole-3-acetic acid (86.95 mg l-1), gibberellic acid (172.98 mg l-1), ammonia (42.66 µmol ml-1). Besides, it produces siderophores, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase, fixes nitrogen, forms biofilms, and productively solubilizes soil inorganic phosphates, and zinc. Under various treatments with JAS1, wheat and chickpea resulted in significantly enhanced shoot and root growth parameters. PGP effects of JAS1 positively enhanced plants' physiological growth parameters reflecting significant increments in overall chlorophyll, carotenoids, proline, phenols, flavonoids, and sugar contents. In addition, the isolated strain maintained both plant and soil health under an intermittent soil drying regime, probably by both its PGP and EPS production attributes, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaspreet Kaur
- grid.448792.40000 0004 4678 9721University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab 140413 India
| | - Gaurav Mudgal
- grid.448792.40000 0004 4678 9721University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab 140413 India
| | - Kartar Chand
- grid.448792.40000 0004 4678 9721University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab 140413 India
| | - Gajendra B. Singh
- grid.448792.40000 0004 4678 9721University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab 140413 India
| | - Kahkashan Perveen
- grid.56302.320000 0004 1773 5396Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11495 Saudi Arabia
| | - Najat A. Bukhari
- grid.56302.320000 0004 1773 5396Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11495 Saudi Arabia
| | - Sandip Debnath
- grid.440987.60000 0001 2259 7889Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, Birbhum, West Bengal 731236 India
| | - Thotegowdanapalya C. Mohan
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Bannimantapa Road, Mysore, 570015 India
| | - Rajulu Charukesi
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Bannimantapa Road, Mysore, 570015 India
| | - Gaurav Singh
- Stress Signaling to the Nucleus, CNRS-Institute of Molecular Biology of Plants, 12 Rue du General-Zimmer, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Debnath S, Seth D, Pramanik S, Adhikari S, Mondal P, Sherpa D, Sen D, Mukherjee D, Mukerjee N. A comprehensive review and meta-analysis of recent advances in biotechnology for plant virus research and significant accomplishments in human health and the pharmaceutical industry. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2022:1-33. [PMID: 36063068 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2022.2116309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites made by plants and used through their metabolic routes are today's most reliable and cost-effective way to make pharmaceuticals and improve health. The concept of genetic engineering is used for molecular pharming. As more people use plants as sources of nanotechnology systems, they are adding to this. These systems are made up of viruses-like particles (VLPs) and virus nanoparticles (VNPs). Due to their superior ability to be used as plant virus expression vectors, plant viruses are becoming more popular in pharmaceuticals. This has opened the door for them to be used in research, such as the production of medicinal peptides, antibodies, and other heterologous protein complexes. This is because biotechnological approaches have been linked with new bioinformatics tools. Because of the rise of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques, it has become easier to use metagenomic studies to look for plant virus genomes that could be used in pharmaceutical research. A look at how bioinformatics can be used in pharmaceutical research is also covered in this article. It also talks about plant viruses and how new biotechnological tools and procedures have made progress in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Debnath
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - Dibyendu Seth
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - Sourish Pramanik
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanchari Adhikari
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - Parimita Mondal
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - Dechen Sherpa
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - Deepjyoti Sen
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Nobendu Mukerjee
- Department of Microbiology, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Kolkata, India
- Department of Health Sciences, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebarsham, Australia
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Debnath S, Sarkar A, Perveen K, Bukhari NA, Kesari KK, Verma A, Chakraborty NR, Tesema M. Principal Component and Path Analysis for Trait Selection Based on the Assessment of Diverse Lentil Populations Developed by Gamma-Irradiated Physical Mutation. Biomed Res Int 2022; 2022:9679181. [PMID: 35898676 PMCID: PMC9314173 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9679181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Lentil is a notable legume crop valued for its high protein, vitamin, mineral, and amino acid (lysine and tryptophan) content. This crop has a narrow genetic base due to the formation of gene pool barriers during interspecific hybridization within and across species. Mutagenesis may be seen as a novel and alternative breeding technique for the production of new diversity. For the identification of new alleles, the creation of mutants followed by selection in subsequent generations would be necessary. Induction of mutation in lentil cv. Moitree by gamma rays therefore produced high variation for the majority of quantitative measures examined. Henceforth, principal component analysis (PCA) and path coefficient analysis were conducted to identify and exclude redundant mutant genotypes with similar traits as the success of breeding is dependent on understanding the relationship between morpho-agronomic traits and seed yield. As shown by the findings of this research, the total quantity of pods per mutant plant should be given considerable priority. The identified mutant genotypes, such as lines 24, 43, 28, 33, and 10, may be used as parents in future breeding or released directly following trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Debnath
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, PIN-731236 West Bengal, India
| | - Abhik Sarkar
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, PIN-731236 West Bengal, India
| | - Kahkashan Perveen
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najat A. Bukhari
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Espoo, P.O. Box 11000, Otakaari 1B, Finland
| | - Amit Verma
- University Centre for Research & Development & Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Nihar Ranjan Chakraborty
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, PIN-731236 West Bengal, India
| | - Mulugeta Tesema
- Department of Chemistry (Analytical), College of Natural and Computational Sciences, DambiDollo University, Dambi Dollo, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
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Acherjya GK, Ali M, Roy GC, Rahman MS, Nuruzzaman M, Biswas R, Islam MN, Hoque MT, Tarafder K, Chakrabortty A, Kamal M, Kudrat-E-Khuda CM, Saha T, Debnath S, Zesmin F, Hossain MI, Deb SR, Bhuiyan GR, Paul GK, Azad AK. Psychological Assessment of Health-Care Workers Working during COVID-19 Pandemic Condition in Bangladesh. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:466-476. [PMID: 35383768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The study was aimed to assess the psychological aspects and relevant factors of the health-care workers (HCWs) working in COVID 19 pandemic condition in Bangladesh. This online cross-sectional survey was conducted from different tertiary, secondary and primary hospitals in Bangladesh. Eligible 638 HCWs who were directly involved in the caring of confirmed or suspected COVID-19 patients were recruited in this study. The mental health was assessed by the Patient Health Questionnare-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS). High frequency of depression 536(84.0%), anxiety 386(60.5%) and insomnia 302(47.3%) was found among the HCWs, which were significantly higher in physicians (p<0.001) than nurses. Moderate to severe depression was significantly higher in female, whereas minimal to mild depression was significant in male HCWs (p=0.014). Symptoms of depression (p<0.001), anxiety (p<0.001) and insomnia (p=0.004) were significantly higher among the HCWs of primary and secondary compared to the tertiary level. The HCWs developed psychological trauma due to family health (45.3%) and contagious disease property (66.6%). After adjusting confounders, multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that physicians and HCWs of secondary hospital had significant symptoms of severe depression (OR=2.95, 95% CI=0.50-17.24; p<0.001), anxiety (OR=2.64, 95% CI=0.80-8.72; p<0.001) and insomnia (OR=2.67, 95% CI=1.23-5.84; p=0.018); whereas female HCWs had more risk of developing symptoms of severe insomnia (OR= 1.84; 95% CI=1.23-2.75; p=0.003). High rate of depression, anxiety and insomnia was found among HCWs working in the COVID-19 pandemic condition in this survey.
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Affiliation(s)
- G K Acherjya
- Dr Goutam Kumar Acherjya, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Jashore Medical College, Jashore, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Pramanik A, Basak AK, Littlefair G, Debnath S, Prakash C, Singh MA, Marla D, Singh RK. Methods and variables in Electrical discharge machining of titanium alloy - A review. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05554. [PMID: 33344787 PMCID: PMC7736727 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium alloys are difficult to machine using conventional methods, therefore, nonconventional processes are often chosen in many applications. Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is one of those nonconventional processes that is used frequently for shaping titanium alloys with their respective pros and cons. However, a good understanding of this process is very difficult to achieve as research results are not properly connected and presented. Therefore, this study investigates different types of EDM processes such as, wire EDM, die-sink EDM, EDM drill and hybrid EDM used to machine titanium alloys. Machining mechanism, tool electrode, dielectric, materials removal rate (MRR), and surface integrity of all these processes are critically analysed and correlated based on the evidence accessible in literature. Machining process suffer from lower material removal rate and high tool wear while applied on titanium alloys. Formation of recast layer, heat affected zone and tool wear is common in all types of EDM processes. Additional challenge in wire EDM of titanium alloys is wire breakage under severe machining conditions. The formation of TiC and TiO2 are noticed in recast layer depending on the type of dielectrics. Removal of debris from small holes during EDM drilling is a challenge. All these restricts the applications EDMed titanium alloys in high-tech applications such as, aerospace and biomedical areas. Most of these challenges come up due to extraordinary properties such as, low thermal conductivity, high melting point and high hardness, of titanium alloys. Though hybrid EDM has been introduced and there is some work on simulation of EDM process, further developments in EDM of this alloy is required for widening the application of this methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pramanik
- School of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - A K Basak
- Adelaide Microscopy, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - G Littlefair
- Faculty of Design and Creative Technologies, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand
| | - S Debnath
- Department Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - C Prakash
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | | | - Deepak Marla
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India
| | - Ramesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India
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Seth S, Debnath S, Chakraborty N. In silico analysis of functional linkage among arsenic induced MATE genes in rice. Biotechnol Rep (Amst) 2020; 26:e00390. [PMID: 32435604 PMCID: PMC7231838 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
MATE genes play an important role in cellular detoxification processes. Nine MATE genes were identified by a transcriptomics study previously. Candidate gene prioritization was done where 29 new genes were found to interact with 09 guide genes. Therefore, a total of 38 genes were analyzed here to predict a concise model by gene prioritization study. Those genes were analyzed further in Rice Interactions Viewer programme, and based on high ICV, 10 new genes were found to interact among themselves at protein level. Surprisingly, only 05 genes were found to play a key role at protein level. These 15 genes were analyzed for their interaction with soil available inorganic arsenic species. Maximum expression levels were found mostly at young inflorescence and seed development stage for those genes. So, these genes may have a direct role in arsenic sequestration from cells and thereby providing safety to the developing embryo within the seed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snigdhamayee Seth
- Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, 731236, India
| | - Sandip Debnath
- Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, 731236, India
| | - N.R. Chakraborty
- Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, 731236, India
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Juvvi P, Debnath S. Enzyme-assisted three-phase partitioning: An efficient alternative for oil extraction from Sesame (<em>Sesamum indicum</em> L.). Grasas y Aceites 2020. [DOI: 10.3989/gya.1060182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Three-phase partitioning (TPP) was explored for oil extraction from Sesamum indicum L. seeds. The process parameters, namely the salt concentration, slurry/t-butanol ratio and system pH were standardized. The optimum conditions for maximum oil recovery using TPP were an ammonium sulphate concentration of 40% (w/v), slurry/t-butanol ratio of 1:1 (v/v) and system pH of 5.0. The powdered seeds were subjected to enzyme-assisted three-phase partitioning (EATPP) which was pre-treated with pectinase, protease and a mixture of ɑ-amylase and amylo-glucosidase (1:1 ratio) followed by TPP (as standardized conditions) and its efficacy in recovering oil was compared with TPP and solvent extraction (SE). Out of all the enzymes studied, EATPP with pectinase resulted in the highest oil recovery (86.12%), which was higher than that of TPP (78.24%). The free fatty acids, saponification value and peroxide values were observed to be lower in the case of TPP and EATPP when compared to SE, indicating better oil quality.
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Wright K, Beck KM, Debnath S, Amini JM, Nam Y, Grzesiak N, Chen JS, Pisenti NC, Chmielewski M, Collins C, Hudek KM, Mizrahi J, Wong-Campos JD, Allen S, Apisdorf J, Solomon P, Williams M, Ducore AM, Blinov A, Kreikemeier SM, Chaplin V, Keesan M, Monroe C, Kim J. Benchmarking an 11-qubit quantum computer. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5464. [PMID: 31784527 PMCID: PMC6884641 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13534-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of quantum computing has grown from concept to demonstration devices over the past 20 years. Universal quantum computing offers efficiency in approaching problems of scientific and commercial interest, such as factoring large numbers, searching databases, simulating intractable models from quantum physics, and optimizing complex cost functions. Here, we present an 11-qubit fully-connected, programmable quantum computer in a trapped ion system composed of 13 171Yb+ ions. We demonstrate average single-qubit gate fidelities of 99.5\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\%$$\end{document}%, respectively. These algorithms serve as excellent benchmarks for any type of quantum hardware, and show that our system outperforms all other currently available hardware. The growing complexity of quantum computing devices makes presents challenges for benchmarking their performance as previous, exhaustive approaches become infeasible. Here the authors characterise the quality of their 11-qubit device by successfully computing two quantum algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wright
- IonQ, Inc., College Park, MD, 20740, USA.
| | - K M Beck
- IonQ, Inc., College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | - S Debnath
- IonQ, Inc., College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | - J M Amini
- IonQ, Inc., College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | - Y Nam
- IonQ, Inc., College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | - N Grzesiak
- IonQ, Inc., College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | - J-S Chen
- IonQ, Inc., College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | | | - M Chmielewski
- IonQ, Inc., College Park, MD, 20740, USA.,Joint Quantum Institute and Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - C Collins
- IonQ, Inc., College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | - K M Hudek
- IonQ, Inc., College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | - J Mizrahi
- IonQ, Inc., College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | | | - S Allen
- IonQ, Inc., College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | - J Apisdorf
- IonQ, Inc., College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | - P Solomon
- IonQ, Inc., College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | - M Williams
- IonQ, Inc., College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | - A M Ducore
- IonQ, Inc., College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | - A Blinov
- IonQ, Inc., College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | | | - V Chaplin
- IonQ, Inc., College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | - M Keesan
- IonQ, Inc., College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | - C Monroe
- IonQ, Inc., College Park, MD, 20740, USA.,Joint Quantum Institute and Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - J Kim
- IonQ, Inc., College Park, MD, 20740, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
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Moitra S, Thapa P, Das P, Das J, Debnath S, Singh M, Datta A, Sen S, Moitra S. Respiratory Morbidity among Indian Tea Industry Workers. Int J Occup Environ Med 2017; 7:148-55. [PMID: 27393321 PMCID: PMC6818078 DOI: 10.15171/ijoem.2016.761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Indian tea industry workers are exposed to various exposures at their workplace. Objective: To investigate the respiratory health of Indian tea industry workers. Methods: We administered a respiratory questionnaire to and measured lung function in workers of 34 tea gardens and 46 tea factories. We used correlation matrices to test the association between their respiratory symptoms and lung functions. Results: The garden workers complained of shortness of breath 3 times higher than the factory workers. However, nasal allergy was more predominant among the factory workers compared to garden workers (69.6% vs 41.2%, p=0.02). The factory workers had higher total (median 107.3% vs 92.9%, p=0.05, as measured by R at 5 Hz) and peripheral airway resistance (143.8% vs 61.1%, p=0.005, as measured by R at 5–20 Hz) than the garden workers. Respiratory symptoms were inversely associated with airway obstruction as measured by the ratio between forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) and positively correlated with increased overall airway reactance among the workers. Conclusion: Respiratory symptoms and increased allergen susceptibility of Indian tea industry workers due to occupational exposures warrant routine systematic surveillance of their workplace air quality and health monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Moitra
- Department of Pneumology, Allergy and Asthma Research Centre, Kolkata, India.
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Alam SK, Yadav VK, Bajaj S, Datta A, Dutta SK, Bhattacharyya M, Bhattacharya S, Debnath S, Roy S, Boardman LA, Smyrk TC, Molina JR, Chakrabarti S, Chowdhury S, Mukhopadhyay D, Roychoudhury S. DNA damage-induced ephrin-B2 reverse signaling promotes chemoresistance and drives EMT in colorectal carcinoma harboring mutant p53. Cell Death Differ 2015; 23:707-22. [PMID: 26494468 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2015.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutation in the TP53 gene positively correlates with increased incidence of chemoresistance in different cancers. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of chemoresistance and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in colorectal cancer involving the gain-of-function (GOF) mutant p53/ephrin-B2 signaling axis. Bioinformatic analysis of the NCI-60 data set and subsequent hub prediction identified EFNB2 as a possible GOF mutant p53 target gene, responsible for chemoresistance. We show that the mutant p53-NF-Y complex transcriptionally upregulates EFNB2 expression in response to DNA damage. Moreover, the acetylated form of mutant p53 protein is recruited on the EFNB2 promoter and positively regulates its expression in conjunction with coactivator p300. In vitro cell line and in vivo nude mice data show that EFNB2 silencing restores chemosensitivity in mutant p53-harboring tumors. In addition, we observed high expression of EFNB2 in patients having neoadjuvant non-responder colorectal carcinoma compared with those having responder version of the disease. In the course of deciphering the drug resistance mechanism, we also show that ephrin-B2 reverse signaling induces ABCG2 expression after drug treatment that involves JNK-c-Jun signaling in mutant p53 cells. Moreover, 5-fluorouracil-induced ephrin-B2 reverse signaling promotes tumorigenesis through the Src-ERK pathway, and drives EMT via the Src-FAK pathway. We thus conclude that targeting ephrin-B2 might enhance the therapeutic potential of DNA-damaging chemotherapeutic agents in mutant p53-bearing human tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Alam
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - V K Yadav
- G.N.R. Knowledge Centre for Genome Informatics, Proteomics and Structural Biology Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi, India
| | - S Bajaj
- Advanced Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Princess Margaret Hospital/The Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A Datta
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - S K Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - M Bhattacharyya
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - S Bhattacharya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - S Debnath
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - S Roy
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - L A Boardman
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - T C Smyrk
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - J R Molina
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - S Chakrabarti
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - S Chowdhury
- G.N.R. Knowledge Centre for Genome Informatics, Proteomics and Structural Biology Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi, India.,Structural Biology Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi, India
| | - D Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - S Roychoudhury
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
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Debnath S, Adhyapok A, Vatsyayan A. Pattern of maxillofacial fractures among population in Assam, India. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2015.08.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Jaako P, Debnath S, Olsson K, Zhang Y, Flygare J, Lindström MS, Bryder D, Karlsson S. Disruption of the 5S RNP-Mdm2 interaction significantly improves the erythroid defect in a mouse model for Diamond-Blackfan anemia. Leukemia 2015; 29:2221-9. [PMID: 25987256 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a congenital erythroid hypoplasia caused by haploinsufficiency of genes encoding ribosomal proteins (RPs). Perturbed ribosome biogenesis in DBA has been shown to induce a p53-mediated ribosomal stress response. However, the mechanisms of p53 activation and its relevance for the erythroid defect remain elusive. Previous studies have indicated that activation of p53 is caused by the inhibition of mouse double minute 2 (Mdm2), the main negative regulator of p53, by the 5S ribonucleoprotein particle (RNP). Meanwhile, it is not clear whether this mechanism solely mediates the p53-dependent component found in DBA. To approach this question, we crossed our mouse model for RPS19-deficient DBA with Mdm2(C305F) knock-in mice that have a disrupted 5S RNP-Mdm2 interaction. Upon induction of the Rps19 deficiency, Mdm2(C305F) reversed the p53 response and improved expansion of hematopoietic progenitors in vitro, and ameliorated the anemia in vivo. Unexpectedly, disruption of the 5S RNP-Mdm2 interaction also led to selective defect in erythropoiesis. Our findings highlight the sensitivity of erythroid progenitor cells to aberrations in p53 homeostasis mediated by the 5S RNP-Mdm2 interaction. Finally, we provide evidence indicating that physiological activation of the 5S RNP-Mdm2-p53 pathway may contribute to functional decline of the hematopoietic system in a cell-autonomous manner over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Jaako
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Molecular Hematology, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - S Debnath
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - K Olsson
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - J Flygare
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - M S Lindström
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - D Bryder
- Molecular Hematology, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - S Karlsson
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Islam MM, Kizaki K, Takahashi T, Khanom JS, Debnath S, Khandoker MAMY. Pregnancy diagnosis in Black Bengal goat by progesterone assay. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.3329/bjas.v43i3.21645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy is the main event in the life of a female mammal to reproduce the progeny and maintain the descents of the species. Progesterone level in the plasma is one of the indications of stages of pregnancy of an individual and the present study was undertaken to determine the progesterone level in different stages of pregnant Black Bengal does and to correlate blood progesterone level with stages of pregnancy in Black Bengal does. For this experiment the blood samples were collected from different stages of pregnant and non-pregnant Black Bengal does, kids and bucks, and subjected to use for further study. The progesterone level was measured at 3 different stages of pregnancy (25-30 days, 60- 70 days, and 90-92 days) using the test kit (EIA TEST KIT Progesterone, Biocheck, Inc. Foster city, CA 94404 USA). Progesterone was also assayed in different ages of non-pregnant does, kids and bucks blood as the control. The logarithmic graph paper was used to calculate the progesterone level. The progesterone levels were found 1.5 ng/ml, 6.6-9.3 ng/ml and 14-15.5 ng/ml in 25-30 days, 60-70 days and 90-92 days of pregnancy, respectively. In case of non-pregnant does the progesterone level varied from 0.19-6.6 ng/ml in different ages. Whereas the progesterone level was found between <0.1 ng/ml and 4.4 ng/ml in kids blood samples and in case of bucks the progesterone level was <0.1 ng/ml. So, it is clear that the progesterone level simultaneously increased as the stages of pregnancy advanced in the blood of pregnant Black Bengal does.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v43i3.21645 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2014. 43 (3): 180-184
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Abstract
There is an ample genetic diversity of plants with medicinal importance around the globe and this pool of genetic variation serves as the base for selection as well as for plant improvement. Thus, identification, characterization and documentation of the gene pool of medicinal plants are essential for this purpose. Genomic information of many a medicinal plant species has increased rapidly since the past decade and genetic resources available for domestication and improvement programs include genome sequencing, expressed sequence tags sequencing, transcript profiling, gene transmit, molecular markers in favor of mapping and breeding. In recent years, multiple endeavors have been undertaken for genomic characterization of medicinal plant species with the aid of molecular markers for sustainable utilization of gene pool, its conservation and future studies. Recent advancement in genomics is so fast that only some researches have been published till date and to a large extent documentation is restricted to electronic resources. Whole genome profiling of the identified medicinal plant species, carried out by several researchers, based on the DNA fingerprinting, is well documented in the present review. This review will facilitate preparing a database of the widely used, economically important medicinal plant species, based on their genomic organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Gantait
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Department of Biotechnology, Instrumentation and Environmental Science, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, 741252, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sandip Debnath
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, 741252, West Bengal, India
| | - Md Nasim Ali
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty Centre for Integrated Rural Development and Management, School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda University, Ramakrishna Mission Ashrama, Narendrapur, Kolkata, 700103, India
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Islam R, Campbell WC, Choi T, Clark SM, Conover CWS, Debnath S, Edwards EE, Fields B, Hayes D, Hucul D, Inlek IV, Johnson KG, Korenblit S, Lee A, Lee KW, Manning TA, Matsukevich DN, Mizrahi J, Quraishi Q, Senko C, Smith J, Monroe C. Beat note stabilization of mode-locked lasers for quantum information processing. Opt Lett 2014; 39:3238-3241. [PMID: 24876022 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.003238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We stabilize a chosen radio frequency beat note between two optical fields derived from the same mode-locked laser pulse train in order to coherently manipulate quantum information. This scheme does not require access or active stabilization of the laser repetition rate. We implement and characterize this external lock, in the context of two-photon stimulated Raman transitions between the hyperfine ground states of trapped 171Yb(+) quantum bits.
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Choi T, Debnath S, Manning TA, Figgatt C, Gong ZX, Duan LM, Monroe C. Optimal quantum control of multimode couplings between trapped ion qubits for scalable entanglement. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:190502. [PMID: 24877921 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.190502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate entangling quantum gates within a chain of five trapped ion qubits by optimally shaping optical fields that couple to multiple collective modes of motion. We individually address qubits with segmented optical pulses to construct multipartite entangled states in a programmable way. This approach enables high-fidelity gates that can be scaled to larger qubit registers for quantum computation and simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Choi
- Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Debnath
- Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - T A Manning
- Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - C Figgatt
- Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Z-X Gong
- Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA and Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - L-M Duan
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - C Monroe
- Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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Das R, Thapa U, Mandal A, Lyngdoh Y, Kulshreshtha S, Debnath S. Response of red cabbage ( Brassica oleraceavar. capitata f. rubra) to the integrated use of chemical fertilizers, biofertilizers and boron. Appl Biol Rese 2014. [DOI: 10.5958/0974-4517.2014.00056.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Hayes D, Clark SM, Debnath S, Hucul D, Inlek IV, Lee KW, Quraishi Q, Monroe C. Coherent error suppression in multiqubit entangling gates. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 109:020503. [PMID: 23030141 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.020503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Revised: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a simple pulse shaping technique designed to improve the fidelity of spin-dependent force operations commonly used to implement entangling gates in trapped ion systems. This extension of the Mølmer-Sørensen gate can theoretically suppress the effects of certain frequency and timing errors to any desired order and is demonstrated through Walsh modulation of a two qubit entangling gate on trapped atomic ions. The technique is applicable to any system of qubits coupled through collective harmonic oscillator modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hayes
- Joint Quantum Institute and Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
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Ogunsina BS, Indira TN, Bhatnagar AS, Radha C, Debnath S, Gopala Krishna AG. Quality characteristics and stability of Moringa oleifera seed oil of Indian origin. J Food Sci Technol 2011; 51:503-10. [PMID: 24587525 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-011-0519-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cold pressed and hexane extracted moringa seed oils (CPMSO and HEMSO) were evaluated for their physico-chemical and stability characteristics. The iodine value, saponification value and unsaponifiable matter of CPMSO and HEMSO were found to be 67.8 and 68.5 g I2 / 100 g oil, 190.4 and 191.2 mg KOH / g oil and 0.59 and 0.65%, respectively. The total tocopherols of CPMSO and HEMSO were found to be 95.5 and 90.2 mg/Kg. The fatty acid composition of CPMSO and HEMSO showed oleic acid as the major fatty acid (78-79%). The oxidative, thermal and frying stabilities of the CPMSO were compared with commercial raw and refined groundnut oil (GNO and RGNO). The CPMSO was of adequate thermal stability and better oxidative stability as it showed 79% lesser peroxide formation than GNO. The frying stability of CPMSO was better as it showed lower increase in free fatty acid (28%), peroxide value (10 meq O2/Kg) and color (25%) than RGNO (48%, 22 meq O2/kg and 52%, respectively) after frying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babatunde S Ogunsina
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria
| | - T N Indira
- Department of Protein Chemistry and Technology, Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR Constituent Laboratory), Mysore, 570020 India
| | - A S Bhatnagar
- Department of Lipid Science and Traditional Foods, Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR Constituent Laboratory), Mysore, 570020 India
| | - C Radha
- Department of Protein Chemistry and Technology, Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR Constituent Laboratory), Mysore, 570020 India
| | - S Debnath
- Department of Lipid Science and Traditional Foods, Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR Constituent Laboratory), Mysore, 570020 India
| | - A G Gopala Krishna
- Department of Lipid Science and Traditional Foods, Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR Constituent Laboratory), Mysore, 570020 India
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Debnath S, Datta D, Babu MN, Kumar RS, Senthil V. Studies on the Preparation and Evaluation of Chitosan Nanoparticles containing Cytarabine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.37285/ijpsn.2010.3.2.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The activity of cytarabine was decreased by its rapid deamination to the biologically inactive metabolite uracil arabinoside. This rapid deamination is the reason for the ongoing research for effective formulation of cytarabine that can not be deaminated and exhibit better pharmacokinetic parameters. Protection of cytarabine from fast degradation and elimination was investigated by encapsulating the drug into chitosan nanoparticles. Cytarabine loaded nanoparticles prepared by ionotropic gelation were characterized by SEM and was found to in the range of 200 nm.The mechanism by which drug is being released is non-Fickian(anomalous) solute diffusion mechanism. It is evident from the result that initial burst release was retarded or delayed due to adsorption of coating material. The in vivo biodistribution study results showed that the nanoparticles were having better distribution of drug compared to free drug in different organs like spleen, lungs, kidney etc.
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Ghose S, Sinclair N, Debnath S, Rungta P, Stock R. Tripartite entanglement versus tripartite nonlocality in three-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger-class states. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:250404. [PMID: 19659060 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.250404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2008] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We analyze the relationship between tripartite entanglement and genuine tripartite nonlocality for three-qubit pure states in the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger class. We consider a family of states known as the generalized Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states and derive an analytical expression relating the three-tangle, which quantifies tripartite entanglement, to the Svetlichny inequality, which is a Bell-type inequality that is violated only when all three qubits are nonlocally correlated. We show that states with three-tangle less than 1/2 do not violate the Svetlichny inequality. On the other hand, a set of states known as the maximal slice states does violate the Svetlichny inequality, and exactly analogous to the two-qubit case, the amount of violation is directly related to the degree of tripartite entanglement. We discuss further interesting properties of the generalized Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger and maximal slice states.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ghose
- Department of Physics and Computer Science, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3C5, Canada
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Debnath S, Hemavathy J, Bhat K, Rastogi N. Rehydration Characteristics of Osmotic Pretreated and Dried Onion. Food and Bioproducts Processing 2004. [DOI: 10.1205/fbio.82.4.304.56405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Debnath S, Ranade R, Wunder SL, McCool J, Boberick K, Baran G. Interface effects on mechanical properties of particle-reinforced composites. Dent Mater 2004; 20:677-86. [PMID: 15236943 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2003.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2003] [Revised: 11/11/2003] [Accepted: 12/23/2003] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Effective bonding between the filler and matrix components typically improves the mechanical properties of polymer composites containing inorganic fillers. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that composite flexural modulus, flexure strength, and toughness are directly proportional to filler-matrix interfacial shear strength. METHODS The resin matrix component of the experimental composite consisted of a 60:40 blend of BisGMA:TEGDMA. Two levels of photoinitiator components were used: 0.15, and 0.5%. Raman spectroscopy was used to determine degree of cure, and thermogravimetry (TGA) was used to quantify the degree of silane, rubber, or polymer attachment to silica and glass particles. Filler-matrix interfacial shear strengths were measured using a microbond test. Composites containing glass particles with various surface treatments were prepared and the modulus, flexure strength, and fracture toughness of these materials obtained using standard methods. Mechanical properties were measured on dry and soaked specimens. RESULTS The interfacial strength was greatest for the 5% MPS treated silica, and it increased for polymers prepared with 0.5% initiator compared with 0.15% initiator concentrations. For the mechanical properties measured, the authors found that: (1) the flexural modulus was independent of the type of filler surface treatment, though flexural strength and toughness were highest for the silanated glass; (2) rubber at the interface, whether bonded to the filler and matrix or not, did not improve toughness; (3) less grafting of resin to silanated filler particles was observed when the initiator concentration decreased. SIGNIFICANCE These findings suggest that increasing the strength of the bond between filler and matrix will not result in improvements in the mechanical properties of particulate-reinforced composites in contrast to fiber-reinforced composites. Also, contraction stresses in the 0.5 vs 0.15% initiator concentration composites may be responsible for increases in interfacial shear strengths, moduli, and flexural strengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Debnath
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1947 N. 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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Abstract
The interactions of the silane coupling agent methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) with both fumed silica and a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) resin matrix were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. OX 50 fumed silica was silanated with MPS at concentrations of 1% and 5% in aqueous ethanol (95%), acetone, and anhydrous toluene. Methyl methacrylate was polymerized with the silanated fumed silica (5% wt/wt) to form composites. The amount of MPS adsorption on the fumed silica and the amount of PMMA attached to the silanated fumed silica were determined by thermogravimetric analysis. MPS could be removed from the fumed silica after washing with methanol, but not after it underwent a drying process at 25 degrees C under vacuum. After vacuum drying at 25 degrees C, two types of adsorbed silane were found, i.e., firmly adsorbed and loosely adsorbed silane. The loosely adsorbed silane could desorb from silica and be incorporated into the polymer matrix through copolymerization with monomeric methyl methacrylate, resulting in crosslinking of the matrix. When the silanated silica was dried at 110 degrees C for 2 h, the loosely adsorbed silane was removed and the amount of firmly adsorbed silane increased. There was a positive correlation between the amount of firmly adsorbed MPS and the amount of PMMA attachment. The highest efficiency for PMMA attachment was found when MPS was adsorbed as a monolayer, because the loosely adsorbed silane did not contribute to the bonding of PMMA, and this suggested that not all of the double bonds of the MPS were accessible for reaction with the methacrylate monomer. Drying at 110 degrees C may also decrease the number of unsaturated double bonds of MPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Liu
- Center for Bioengineering and Biomaterials, College of Engineering, Temple University, 1947 North 12th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
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47
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Kawase M, Varu B, Shah A, Motohashi N, Tani S, Saito S, Debnath S, Mahapatra S, Dastidar SG, Chakrabarty AN. Antimicrobial activity of new coumarin derivatives. Arzneimittelforschung 2001; 51:67-71. [PMID: 11215328 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1300004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A preliminary exploration of coumarin analogs as novel antimicrobial agents was carried out to determine the basic features of the structure responsible for the observed biological activity. The substituents ester or carboxylic acid on the coumarin ring were needed to have potent inhibitory activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The presence of phenolic hydroxyl group and/or carboxylic acid was necessary to possess higher activity against Helicobacter pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kawase
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Saitama, Japan.
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48
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Abstract
In vitro metabolism of pregnenolone (P5) as well as production of 17beta-estradiol (E2) were studied in uteri of untreated and luteinizing hormone (LH)-treated mice that had been ovariectomized (OVX) at late-diestrus stage. In the uteri of untreated mice, [H]pregnenolone was shown to be metabolized to Delta-components such as 17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone (17alpha-P5) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), whereas LH treatment resulted in significant increases in the formation of progesterone (P4), 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17alpha-P4), androstenedione (AD) and testosterone (T). This was assessed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The content and release of P4 was shown to be stimulated by LH. Trilostane, an inhibitor of 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3beta-HSD), inhibited LH-induced P4 synthesis and its release in a dose-dependent manner. A considerable increase in [H]estradiol formation from [H]testosterone was recorded in LH-stimulated uterine tissue as compared with the control, indicating the stimulatory effect of LH on aromatase activity. LH-stimulation in the synthesis of P4 and E2 in OVX mouse uteri was mimicked by dbcAMP (cell-permeable cAMP). Incubation with LH was shown to augment the conversion of P4 to various delta-3-oxosteroids. In vitro effects of LH on the synthesis and metabolism of P4, as well as on the stimulation of aromatase activity, were more pronounced in the uterine tissue of LH-primed OVX mice. Thus the results of the present study indicate that, under specific conditions, the uterus of the mouse behaves like steroidogenic tissue. Its prompt response to LH reveals the probable physiological relevance of the existence of LH receptors of high binding affinity in the uterine tissue of the mouse, as reported earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Debnath
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Kalyani University, Kalyani 741 235, India
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49
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Dwivedi AD, Falleiro J, Debnath S. TORSION FALLOPIAN TUBE (A Case Report). Med J Armed Forces India 1997; 53:315-316. [PMID: 28775397 DOI: 10.1016/s0377-1237(17)30767-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A D Dwivedi
- Classified Specialist (Obstetrics & Gynaecology), Military Hospital, Ambala Cantt, Haryana 133001
| | - Jjj Falleiro
- Classified Specialist (Pathology) 181 Military Hospital, C/o 99 APO
| | - S Debnath
- Graded Specialist (Anaestheiology), 305 Field Ambulance, C/o 99 APO
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50
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Abstract
Abstract
We have studied the effect of addition of (a) mica, (b) silane coupling agent, and (c) silane-treated mica on the ambient dielectric properties of vulcanized styrene-butadiene rubber. It is observed that both dielectric constant and dielectric loss increase as mica, silane, and silane-treated mica are added. The increase is more pronounced in the case of silane-treated mica than for the untreated mica systems. The observed values of dielectric constants are in close agreement with the calculated ones obtained from different theories of heterogeneous dielectrics. Dielectric strength shows an increasing trend in the presence of mica. At higher mica loading, D.C. conductivity decreases slightly.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Debnath
- 1Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Prajna P. De
- 1Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - D. Khastgir
- 1Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
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