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Lees T, Chalmers T, Burton D, Zilberg E, Penzel T, Lal S. Psychophysiology of Monotonous Driving, Fatigue and Sleepiness in Train and Non-Professional Drivers: Driver Safety Implications. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:788. [PMID: 37887438 PMCID: PMC10603976 DOI: 10.3390/bs13100788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatigue and sleepiness are complex bodily states associated with monotony as well as physical and cognitive impairment, accidents, injury, and illness. Moreover, these states are often characteristic of professional driving. However, most existing work has focused on motor vehicle drivers, and research examining train drivers remains limited. As such, the present study psychophysiologically examined monotonous driving, fatigue, and sleepiness in a group of passenger train drivers and a group of non-professional drivers. Sixty-three train drivers and thirty non-professional drivers participated in the present study, which captured 32-lead electroencephalogram (EEG) data during a monotonous driving task. Fatigue and sleepiness were self-evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the Karolinksa Sleepiness Scale, and the Checklist of Individual Strength. Unexpectedly, fatigue and sleepiness scores did not significantly differ between the groups; however, train drivers generally scored lower than non-professional drivers, which may be indicative of individual and/or industry attempts to reduce fatigue. Across both groups, fatigue and sleepiness scores were negatively correlated with theta, alpha, and beta EEG variables clustered towards the fronto-central and temporal regions. Broadly, these associations may reflect a monotony-associated blunting of neural activity that is associated with a self-reported fatigue state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ty Lees
- Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;
- Center for Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Taryn Chalmers
- Medical Innovation Neuroscience Data-Analytics (MIND) Unit, TD School, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia;
| | - David Burton
- Compumedics Ltd., Melbourne, VIC 3067, Australia; (D.B.); (E.Z.)
| | - Eugene Zilberg
- Compumedics Ltd., Melbourne, VIC 3067, Australia; (D.B.); (E.Z.)
| | - Thomas Penzel
- Interdisciplinary Sleep Medicine Center, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Sara Lal
- Medical Innovation Neuroscience Data-Analytics (MIND) Unit, TD School, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia;
- Honorary, School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Honorary School of Public Heath, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
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2
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Eslami A, Nassif NT, Lal S. Evaluating High and Low Heart Rate Variability Response and Neurocognitive Performance in Workers: An Exploratory Study. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:742. [PMID: 37754020 PMCID: PMC10525588 DOI: 10.3390/bs13090742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart rate variability (HRV) has the potential to be a predicting factor of cognitive performance. The present research aimed to explore the differences in neurocognitive performance of workers with high HRV and low HRV. A total of 48 white-collar workers and 53 blue-collar workers were assessed. An electrocardiogram was used to obtain HRV data, whereby a 10 min baseline and an active (neuropsychological task) recording were taken. Median splits were performed on data to obtain high- and low-HRV groups. The Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery, specifically, the spatial working memory, attention-switching task, rapid visual processing, and spatial span were used. Higher HRV (RMSSD and HF) was linked to better neurocognitive performance measures. Interestingly, the blue- and white-collar groups exhibited different correlations and, in some cases, showed an inverse relationship with the same variables. The differences observed in the present study demonstrate the importance of assessing task-dependent HRV parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardalan Eslami
- Medical Innovation Neuroscience Data-Analytics (MIND) Unit, TD School, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia;
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Sydney 2007, Australia
| | - Najah Therese Nassif
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Sydney 2007, Australia
| | - Sara Lal
- Medical Innovation Neuroscience Data-Analytics (MIND) Unit, TD School, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia;
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Sydney 2007, Australia
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3
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Kumar M, Lal S, Khan E. Managing Post Operative Nausea and Vomiting and Perineal Itching A Slow and Steady Solution. Ir Med J 2023; 116:822. [PMID: 37606540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
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4
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Silva JV, Sueyoshi S, Snape TJ, Lal S, Giarolla J. Pteridine reductase (PTR1): initial structure-activity relationships studies of potential leishmanicidal arylindole derivatives compounds. SAR QSAR Environ Res 2023; 34:661-687. [PMID: 37606690 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2023.2247331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a public health concern, especially in Brazil and India. The drugs available for therapy are old, cause toxicity and have reports of resistance. Therefore, this paper aimed to carry out initial structure-activity relationships (applying molecular docking and dynamic simulations) of arylindole scaffolds against the pteridine reductase (PTR1), which is essential target for the survival of the parasite. Thus, we used a series of 43 arylindole derivatives as a privileged skeleton, which have been evaluated previously for different biological actions. Compound 7 stood out among its analogues presenting the best results of average number of interactions with binding site (2.00) and catalytic triad (1.00). Additionally, the same compound presented the best binding free energy (-32.33 kcal/mol) in dynamic simulations. Furthermore, with computational studies, it was possible to comprehend and discuss the influences of the substituent sizes, positions of substitutions in the aromatic ring and electronic influences. Therefore, this study can be a starting point for the structural improvements needed to obtain a good leishmanicidal drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- J V Silva
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S Sueyoshi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - T J Snape
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - S Lal
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Gurugram, India
| | - J Giarolla
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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5
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Kumar M, Lal S, Memon Z. The Potential of Accuro Technology for Epidural and Spinal Anaesthesia in Irish Hospital Settings. Ir Med J 2023; 116:797. [PMID: 37555498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
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6
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Kumar M, Lal S, Thomas J. Challenges and Considerations in Anaesthetic Management of Patients with Past Double Lung Transplant for Non-pulmonary Surgeries. Ir Med J 2023; 116:796. [PMID: 37555497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
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7
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Lal S, Shafique Tahir M, Abdal M, Larkin C. Care not documented is care not given - Devising the intubation procedure documentation tool. Ir Med J 2023; 116:766. [PMID: 37555582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
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8
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Deutsch L, Cloutier A, Leahy G, Teubner A, Abraham A, Taylor M, Paine P, Lal S. Factors Associated With Strong Opioid Use For Non-Cancer Pain In Patients With Chronic Intestinal Failure. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.09.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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9
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Joly F, Nuzzo A, Cuerda C, Jeppesen P, Lal S, Lamprecht G, Manpreet M, Szczepanek K, Van Gossum A, Wanten G, Pironi L. A Multi-National Survey Of Experience And Attitudes Towards Managing Catheter Related Blood Stream Infection During Hpn. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.09.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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10
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Eslami A, Nassif NT, Lal S. Neuropsychological Performance and Cardiac Autonomic Function in Blue- and White-Collar Workers: A Psychometric and Heart Rate Variability Evaluation. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:4203. [PMID: 36901213 PMCID: PMC10002343 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The 21st century has brought a growing and significant focus on performance and health within the workforce, with the aim of improving the health and performance of the blue- and white-collar workforce. The present research investigated heart rate variability (HRV) and psychological performance between blue and white-collar workers to determine if differences were evident. A total of 101 workers (n = 48 white-collar, n = 53 blue-collar, aged 19-61 years) underwent a three lead electrocardiogram to obtain HRV data during baseline (10 min) and active (working memory and attention) phases. The Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery, specifically the spatial working memory, attention switching task, rapid visual processing and the spatial span, were used. Differences in neurocognitive performance measures indicated that white-collar workers were better able to detect sequences and make less errors than blue-collar workers. The heart rate variability differences showed that white-collar workers exhibit lower levels of cardiac vagal control during these neuropsychological tasks. These initial findings provide some novel insights into the relationship between occupation and psychophysiological processes and further highlight the interactions between cardiac autonomic variables and neurocognitive performance in blue and white-collar workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardalan Eslami
- Neuroscience Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Unit, Transdisciplinary School, School of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia
| | - Najah T. Nassif
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia
| | - Sara Lal
- Neuroscience Research Unit, Transdisciplinary School, School of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia
- Honorary, School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
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11
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Thomas J, Lal S, Chua ZH. Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block (SPGB) and Greater Occipital Nerve Block. Ir Med J 2023; 116:738. [PMID: 37555806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
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12
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Kumar P, Singh R, Kumar A, Toropova AP, Toropov AA, Devi M, Lal S, Sindhu J, Singh D. Identifications of good and bad structural fragments of hydrazone/2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole hybrids with correlation intensity index and consensus modelling using Monte Carlo based QSAR studies, their molecular docking and ADME analysis. SAR QSAR Environ Res 2022; 33:677-700. [PMID: 36093620 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2022.2120068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The application of QSAR along with other in silico tools like molecular docking, and molecular dynamics provide a lot of promise for finding new treatments for life-threatening diseases like Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The present study is an attempt to develop Monte Carlo algorithm-based QSAR models using freely available CORAL software. The experimental data on the α-amylase inhibition by a series of benzothiazole-linked hydrazone/2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole hybrids were selected as endpoint for the model generation. Initially, a total of eight QSAR models were built using correlation intensity index (CII) as a criterion of predictive potential. The model developed from split 6 using CII was the most reliable because of the highest numerical value of the determination coefficient of the validation set (r2VAL = 0.8739). The important structural fragments responsible for altering the endpoint were also extracted from the best-built model. With the goal of improved prediction quality and lower prediction errors, the validated models were used to build consensus models. Molecular docking was used to know the binding mode and pose of the selected derivatives. Further, to get insight into their metabolism by living beings, ADME studies were investigated using internet freeware, SwissADME.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | - R Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | - A Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GJUS&T, Hisar, India
| | - A P Toropova
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - A A Toropov
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - M Devi
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | - S Lal
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | - J Sindhu
- Department of Chemistry, COBS&H, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
| | - D Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
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Wight R, Murphy A, Bower J, Morgan R, Flanagan L, Maycock S, Lal S, Teubner A, Abraham A, Mitchell C, Hasan J, Jayson G, Clamp A, Salih Z. 43P Malignant bowel obstruction in advanced ovarian cancer: A retrospective analysis of patients supported with parenteral nutrition. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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14
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Kopczynska M, Teubner A, Taylor M, Abraham A, Hvas C, Burden S, Carlson G, Lal S. Nutritional autonomy in Short Bowel Syndrome and Intestinal Fistulas. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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John AR, Singh AK, Do TTN, Eidels A, Nalivaiko E, Gavgani AM, Brown S, Bennett M, Lal S, Simpson AM, Gustin SM, Double K, Walker FR, Kleitman S, Morley J, Lin CT. Unravelling the Physiological Correlates of Mental Workload Variations in Tracking and Collision Prediction Tasks. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2022; 30:770-781. [PMID: 35259108 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2022.3157446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Modern work environments have extensive interactions with technology and greater cognitive complexity of the tasks, which results in human operators experiencing increased mental workload. Air traffic control operators routinely work in such complex environments, and we designed tracking and collision prediction tasks to emulate their elementary tasks. The physiological response to the workload variations in these tasks was elucidated to untangle the impact of workload variations experienced by operators. Electroencephalogram (EEG), eye activity, and heart rate variability (HRV) data were recorded from 24 participants performing tracking and collision prediction tasks with three levels of difficulty. Our findings indicate that variations in task load in both these tasks are sensitively reflected in EEG, eye activity and HRV data. Multiple regression results also show that operators' performance in both tasks can be predicted using the corresponding EEG, eye activity and HRV data. The results also demonstrate that the brain dynamics during each of these tasks can be estimated from the corresponding eye activity, HRV and performance data. Furthermore, the markedly distinct neurometrics of workload variations in the tracking and collision prediction tasks indicate that neurometrics can provide insights on the type of mental workload. These findings have applicability to the design of future mental workload adaptive systems that integrate neurometrics in deciding not just "when" but also "what" to adapt. Our study provides compelling evidence in the viability of developing intelligent closed-loop mental workload adaptive systems that ensure efficiency and safety in complex work environments.
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Chalmers T, Eaves S, Lees T, Lin CT, Newton PJ, Clifton-Bligh R, McLachlan CS, Gustin SM, Lal S. The relationship between neurocognitive performance and HRV parameters in nurses and non-healthcare participants. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2481. [PMID: 35191214 PMCID: PMC8933753 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Nurses represent the largest sector of the healthcare workforce, and it is established that they are faced with ongoing physical and mental demands that leave many continuously stressed. In turn, this chronic stress may affect cardiac autonomic activity, which can be non-invasively evaluated using heart rate variability (HRV). The association between neurocognitive parameters during acute stress situations and HRV has not been previously explored in nurses compared to non-nurses and such, our study aimed to assess these differences. Neurocognitive data were obtained using the Mini-Mental State Examination and Cognistat psychometric questionnaires. ECG-derived HRV parameters were acquired during the Trier Social Stress Test. Between-group differences were found in domain-specific cognitive performance for the similarities (p = .03), and judgment (p = .002) domains and in the following HRV parameters: SDNNbaseline, (p = .004), LFpreparation (p = .002), SDNNpreparation (p = .002), HFpreparation (p = .02), and TPpreparation (p = .003). Negative correlations were found between HF power and domain-specific cognitive performance in nurses. In contrast, both negative and positive correlations were found between HRV and domain-specific cognitive performance in the non-nurse group. The current findings highlight the prospective use of autonomic HRV markers in relation to cognitive performance while building a relationship between autonomic dysfunction and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taryn Chalmers
- Neuroscience Research Unit, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shamona Eaves
- Neuroscience Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ty Lees
- The Pennsylvania State University Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chin-Teng Lin
- Computational Intelligence and Brain Computer Interface Centre (CIBCI), FEIT, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Phillip J Newton
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith South, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Roderick Clifton-Bligh
- Medicine, Northern Clinical School, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Craig S McLachlan
- Centre for Healthy Futures, Torrens University Australia - Sydney Campus Pyrmont, Pyrmont, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sylvia M Gustin
- University of New South Wales School of Psychology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sara Lal
- Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Saeed H, Eslami A, Nassif NT, Simpson AM, Lal S. Anxiety Linked to COVID-19: A Systematic Review Comparing Anxiety Rates in Different Populations. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19042189. [PMID: 35206374 PMCID: PMC8871867 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has incited a rise in anxiety, with uncertainty regarding the specific impacts and risk factors across multiple populations. A qualitative systematic review was conducted to investigate the prevalence and associations of anxiety in different sample populations in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic. Four databases were utilised in the search (Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO). The review period commenced in April 2021 and was finalised on 5 July 2021. A total of 3537 studies were identified of which 87 were included in the review (sample size: 755,180). Healthcare workers had the highest prevalence of anxiety (36%), followed by university students (34.7%), the general population (34%), teachers (27.2%), parents (23.3%), pregnant women (19.5%), and police (8.79%). Risk factors such as being female, having pre-existing mental conditions, lower socioeconomic status, increased exposure to infection, and being younger all contributed to worsened anxiety. The review included studies published before July 2021; due to the ongoing nature of the COVID-19 pandemic, this may have excluded relevant papers. Restriction to only English papers and a sample size > 1000 may have also limited the range of papers included. These findings identify groups who are most vulnerable to developing anxiety in a pandemic and what specific risk factors are most common across multiple populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafsah Saeed
- Neuroscience Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; (H.S.); (A.E.)
| | - Ardalan Eslami
- Neuroscience Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; (H.S.); (A.E.)
| | - Najah T. Nassif
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; (N.T.N.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Ann M. Simpson
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; (N.T.N.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Sara Lal
- Neuroscience Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; (H.S.); (A.E.)
- Correspondence:
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Naghibi M, Skinner C, Burden S, Bozzetti F, Cuerda C, Joly F, Jeppesen P, Lamprecht G, Mundi M, Szczepanek K, Van Gossum A, Wanten G, Pironi L, Lal S. A multi-national survey of experience and attitudes towards commencing home parenteral nutrition for patients with advanced cancer. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 47:246-251. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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19
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Chalmers T, Lal S. Assessing cardiovascular links to depression and anxiety in Australian professional drivers. J Integr Neurosci 2022; 21:43. [DOI: 10.31083/j.jin2101043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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20
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Wu T, Mark D, Howpage S, Lal S, Twigg S, Puranik R, Omran Y. CMR Evaluation of Aortic Distensibility in Well=Controlled Diabetic Patients. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Liu R, Koay Y, Kaye D, O’Sullivan J, Lal S. Male and Female Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF): An Insight Into the Differential Metabolic, Hypertensive, Exercise and Ketone Parameters. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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22
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Chand S, Wilcox I, McGrady M, Lal S, Hunyor I, O'Sullivan J, Fulthorp E, Price M, Mccoll A. Clinical and Echocardiographic Parameters in Community-Based Individuals Symptomatic Post Pfizer and AstraZeneca COVID-19 Vaccination. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [PMCID: PMC9345547 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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Kopczynska M, Teubner A, Taylor M, Abraham A, Hvas C, Burden S, Carlson G, Lal S. Nutritional autonomy in short bowel syndrome and intestinal fistulas. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.09.646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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24
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Schneider S, Lal S, Geransar P, Rzepa E, Pironi L, Jeppesen PB. Atlas of variance: awareness of chronic intestinal failure versus chronic kidney failure and key areas for improving care delivery to patients with chronic intestinal failure. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.09.383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Chalmers T, Maharaj S, Lal S. Associations Between Workplace Factors and Depression and Anxiety in Australian Heavy Vehicle Truck Drivers. Ann Work Expo Health 2021; 65:581-590. [PMID: 33889944 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxaa134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A number of health issues have been identified as prevalent within the Australian heavy vehicle driving population. Mental illnesses, such as depression and anxiety, are among those disorders that have been regularly reported, however, the contributing factors are yet to be elucidated. METHODS This study aimed to assess the associations between workplace factors such as years of employment, social interaction and shift length, with depressive and anxious symptomology in a cohort of 60 Australian heavy vehicle drivers. RESULTS Significant positive associations were identified between depression and alcohol use (P = 0.044), coffee consumption (P = 0.037), number of accidents during career (P = < 0.004), and number of hours driving per shift (P ≤ 0.001). Anxiety was found to be positively associated with a number of hours driving per week (P ≤ 0.001), and the number of accidents or near misses during a driving career (P = 0.039). CONCLUSION Several workplace factors were identified as being correlated to depression or anxiety within this cohort, suggesting potential changes to rostering systems and education regarding alcohol use may benefit the mental health of this driver population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taryn Chalmers
- Neuroscience Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Shamona Maharaj
- Neuroscience Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sara Lal
- Neuroscience Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Hickey BA, Chalmers T, Newton P, Lin CT, Sibbritt D, McLachlan CS, Clifton-Bligh R, Morley J, Lal S. Smart Devices and Wearable Technologies to Detect and Monitor Mental Health Conditions and Stress: A Systematic Review. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:s21103461. [PMID: 34065620 PMCID: PMC8156923 DOI: 10.3390/s21103461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently, there has been an increase in the production of devices to monitor mental health and stress as means for expediting detection, and subsequent management of these conditions. The objective of this review is to identify and critically appraise the most recent smart devices and wearable technologies used to identify depression, anxiety, and stress, and the physiological process(es) linked to their detection. The MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Central, and PsycINFO databases were used to identify studies which utilised smart devices and wearable technologies to detect or monitor anxiety, depression, or stress. The included articles that assessed stress and anxiety unanimously used heart rate variability (HRV) parameters for detection of anxiety and stress, with the latter better detected by HRV and electroencephalogram (EGG) together. Electrodermal activity was used in recent studies, with high accuracy for stress detection; however, with questionable reliability. Depression was found to be largely detected using specific EEG signatures; however, devices detecting depression using EEG are not currently available on the market. This systematic review highlights that average heart rate used by many commercially available smart devices is not as accurate in the detection of stress and anxiety compared with heart rate variability, electrodermal activity, and possibly respiratory rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake Anthony Hickey
- Neuroscience Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; (B.A.H.); (T.C.)
| | - Taryn Chalmers
- Neuroscience Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; (B.A.H.); (T.C.)
| | - Phillip Newton
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2747, Australia;
| | - Chin-Teng Lin
- Australian AI Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia;
| | - David Sibbritt
- School of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia;
| | - Craig S. McLachlan
- Centre for Healthy Futures, Torrens University, Sydney, NSW 2009, Australia;
| | - Roderick Clifton-Bligh
- Kolling Institute for Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2064, Australia;
| | - John Morley
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2747, Australia;
| | - Sara Lal
- Neuroscience Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; (B.A.H.); (T.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +612-9514-1592
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Chalmers T, Maharaj S, Lees T, Lin CT, Newton P, Clifton-Bligh R, McLachlan CS, Gustin SM, Lal S. Impact of acute stress on cortical electrical activity and cardiac autonomic coupling. J Integr Neurosci 2021; 19:239-248. [PMID: 32706188 DOI: 10.31083/j.jin.2020.02.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessment of heart rate variability (reflective of the cardiac autonomic nervous system) has shown some predictive power for stress. Further, the predictive power of the distinct patterns of cortical brain activity and - cardiac autonomic interactions are yet to be explored in the context of acute stress, as assessed by an electrocardiogram and electroencephalogram. The present study identified distinct patterns of neural-cardiac autonomic coupling during both resting and acute stress states. In particular, during the stress task, frontal delta waves activity was positively associated with low-frequency heart rate variability and negatively associated with high-frequency heart rate variability. Low high-frequency power is associated with stress and anxiety and reduced vagal control. A positive association between resting high-frequency heart rate variability and frontocentral gamma activity was found, with a direct inverse relationship of low-frequency heart rate variability and gamma wave coupling at rest. During the stress task, low-frequency heart rate variability was positively associated with frontal delta activity. That is, the parasympathetic nervous system is reduced during a stress task, whereas frontal delta wave activity is increased. Our findings suggest an association between cardiac parasympathetic nervous system activity and frontocentral gamma and delta activity at rest and during acute stress. This suggests that parasympathetic activity is decreased during acute stress, and this is coupled with neuronal cortical prefrontal activity. The distinct patterns of neural-cardiac coupling identified in this study provide a unique insight into the dynamic associations between brain and heart function during both resting and acute stress states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taryn Chalmers
- Neuroscience Research Unit, School of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Australia
| | - Shamona Maharaj
- Neuroscience Research Unit, School of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Australia
| | - Ty Lees
- Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, Pennsylvania State University, PA, 16802, USA
| | - C T Lin
- Computational Intelligence and Brain Computer Interface Centre (CIBCI), Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology (FEIT), University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Australia
| | - Phillip Newton
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Roderick Clifton-Bligh
- Medicine, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Craig S McLachlan
- Centre for Healthy Futures, Health Faculty, Pyrmont Campus, Sydney, Torrens University Australia, NSW 2009, Australia
| | - Sylvia M Gustin
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.,Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Sara Lal
- Neuroscience Research Unit, School of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Australia
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Allan PJ, Ambrose T, Mountford C, Bond A, Donnellan C, Boyle R, Calvert C, Cernat E, Clarke E, Cooper SC, Donnelly S, Evans B, Glynn M, Hewett R, Holohan AS, Leitch EF, Louis-Auguste J, Mehta S, Naik S, Nightingale J, Rafferty G, Rodrigues A, Sharkey L, Small M, Teubner A, Urs A, Wyer N, Lal S. COVID-19 infection in patients with intestinal failure: UK experience. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2021; 45:1369-1375. [PMID: 33586170 PMCID: PMC8013499 DOI: 10.1002/jpen.2087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The direct effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on patients with intestinal failure (IF) has not been described. METHODS We conducted a nationwide study of UK IF centers to evaluate the infection rates, presentations, and outcomes in patients with types 2 and 3 IF. RESULTS A total of 45 patients with IF contracted COVID-19 between March and August 2020; this included 26 of 2191 (1.2%) home parenteral nutrition (HPN)-dependent adults and 19 of 298 (6.4%) adults hospitalized with type 2 IF. The proportion of patients receiving nursing care for HPN administration was higher in those with community-acquired COVID-19 (66.7%) than the proportion in the entire HPN cohort (26.1%; P < .01). Two HPN-dependent and 1 hospitalized patient with type 2 IF died as a direct consequence of the virus (6.7% of 45 patients with types 2 or 3 infected). CONCLUSION This is the first study to describe the outcomes of COVID-19 in a large cohort of patients requiring long-term PN. Methods to reduce hospital and community nosocomial spread would likely be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Allan
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - T Ambrose
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - C Mountford
- Department of Gastroenterology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle, UK
| | - A Bond
- Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen Hospitals, Liverpool, UK
| | - C Donnellan
- St James' and Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, St James' Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - R Boyle
- Department of Biochemistry, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK
| | - C Calvert
- Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, UK
| | - E Cernat
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK
| | - E Clarke
- Department of Gastroenterology, Southampton University Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - S C Cooper
- GI Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Donnelly
- Leonard Jones' Intestinal Rehabilitation Unit, St Mark's Hospital, Harrow, UK
| | - B Evans
- Department of Gastroenterology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, UK
| | - M Glynn
- Centre for Digestive Diseases, Royal London Hospital, London, UK
| | - R Hewett
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Wales Hospital, Cardiff, UK
| | - A S Holohan
- Nutrition, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK
| | - E F Leitch
- Intestinal Failure Surgery, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - S Mehta
- Intestinal Failure Unit, University College London Hospitals, London, UK
| | - S Naik
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Royal London Children's Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - G Rafferty
- Department of Gastroenterology, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - A Rodrigues
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - L Sharkey
- Intestinal Failure and Transplant, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - M Small
- Leonard Jones' Intestinal Rehabilitation Unit, St Mark's Hospital, Harrow, UK
| | - A Teubner
- Intestinal Failure Unit, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK
| | - A Urs
- Paediatric Gastroenterology, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - N Wyer
- Intestinal Failure and Nutrition Support, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, UK
| | - S Lal
- Intestinal Failure Unit, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK.,Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK
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Akella A, Singh AK, Leong D, Lal S, Newton P, Clifton-Bligh R, Mclachlan CS, Gustin SM, Maharaj S, Lees T, Cao Z, Lin CT. Classifying Multi-Level Stress Responses From Brain Cortical EEG in Nurses and Non-Health Professionals Using Machine Learning Auto Encoder. IEEE J Transl Eng Health Med 2021; 9:2200109. [PMID: 34094720 PMCID: PMC8172183 DOI: 10.1109/jtehm.2021.3077760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mental stress is a major problem in our society and has become an area of interest for many psychiatric researchers. One primary research focus area is the identification of bio-markers that not only identify stress but also predict the conditions (or tasks) that cause stress. Electroencephalograms (EEGs) have been used for a long time to study and identify bio-markers. While these bio-markers have successfully predicted stress in EEG studies for binary conditions, their performance is suboptimal for multiple conditions of stress. METHODS To overcome this challenge, we propose using latent based representations of the bio-markers, which have been shown to significantly improve EEG performance compared to traditional bio-markers alone. We evaluated three commonly used EEG based bio-markers for stress, the brain load index (BLI), the spectral power values of EEG frequency bands (alpha, beta and theta), and the relative gamma (RG), with their respective latent representations using four commonly used classifiers. RESULTS The results show that spectral power value based bio-markers had a high performance with an accuracy of 83%, while the respective latent representations had an accuracy of 91%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlesha Akella
- FEIT, School of Computer ScienceAustralian Artificial Intelligence Institute, University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW2007Australia
| | - Avinash Kumar Singh
- FEIT, School of Computer ScienceAustralian Artificial Intelligence Institute, University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW2007Australia
| | - Daniel Leong
- FEIT, School of Computer ScienceAustralian Artificial Intelligence Institute, University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW2007Australia
| | - Sara Lal
- Neuroscience Research Unit, School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW2007Australia
| | - Phillip Newton
- Centre for Cardiovascular and Chronic CareUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW2007Australia
| | - Roderick Clifton-Bligh
- Department of EndocrinologyRoyal North Shore HospitalThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
| | - Craig Steven Mclachlan
- Centre for Healthy Futures, Health VerticalTorrens University Australia, Pyrmont CampusPyrmontNSW2009Australia
- Neuroscience Research AustraliaRandwickNSW2031Australia
| | | | - Shamona Maharaj
- Neuroscience Research Unit, School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW2007Australia
| | - Ty Lees
- Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research CenterPennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePA16801USA
| | - Zehong Cao
- Information and Communication Technology (ICT)University of TasmaniaHobartTAS7005Australia
| | - Chin-Teng Lin
- FEIT, School of Computer ScienceAustralian Artificial Intelligence Institute, University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW2007Australia
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Morris P, Dennis M, Hunyor I, Puranik R, O'Sullivan J, Lal S. Myocardial Fibrosis and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Elevates Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Zaheen M, Wilcox I, Lal S. Are They Durable Enough? Echocardiographic Outcomes of Tissue Aortic Valves and Implications for Future Practice. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.06.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Miller B, Green D, Barrett M, Farrer K, Ahmed S, Cloutier A, Teubner A, Abraham A, Lal S. The occurrence of chronic kidney disease in patients on long-term home parenteral nutrition. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Cloutier A, Deutsch L, Leahy G, Teubner A, Abraham A, Lal S. Outcomes associated with strong opioid use for non-cancer pain in patients with chronic intestinal failure. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Elfadil O, Velapati S, Hurt R, Lal S, Mundi M. Utility of sub-classification of severe gastrointestinal dysmotility in chronic intestinal failure. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Rud C, Jørgensen S, Wilkens T, Bager P, Dahlerup J, Tøttrup A, Lal S, Hvas C. Quality of life and wellbeing in patients with an ileostomy: A cross sectional study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Eriksen M, Jørgensen S, Lal S, Dahlerup J, Hvas C. Hypophosphataemia and shifts in magnesium and potassium in a specialised intestinal failure unit: an observational cohort study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Cloutier A, Deutsch L, Leahy G, Miller B, Teubner A, Abraham A, Pironi L, Lal S. Factors affecting antidepressant use by patients requiring home parenteral nutrition. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Lees T, Maharaj S, Kalatzis G, Nassif NT, Newton PJ, Lal S. Electroencephalographic prediction of global and domain specific cognitive performance of clinically active Australian Nurses. Physiol Meas 2020; 41:095001. [PMID: 33021231 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/abb12a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between EEG activity and the global and domain specific cognitive performance of healthy nurses, and determine the predictive capabilities of these relationships. APPROACH Sixty-four nurses were recruited for the present study, and data from 61 were utilised in the present analysis. Global and domain specific cognitive performance of each participant was assessed psychometrically using the Mini-mental state exam and the Cognistat, and a 32-lead monopolar EEG was recorded during a resting baseline phase and an active phase in which participants completed the Stroop test. MAIN RESULTS Global cognitive performance was successfully predicted (81%-85% of variance) by a combination of fast wave activity variables in the alpha, beta and theta frequency bands. Interestingly, predicting domain specific performance had varying degrees of success (42%-99% of the variance predicted) and relied on combinations of both slow and fast wave activity, with delta and gamma activity predicting attention performance; delta, theta, and gamma activity predicting memory performance; and delta and beta variables predicting judgement performance. SIGNIFICANCE Global and domain specific cognitive performance of Australian nurses may be predicted with varying degrees of success by a unique combination of EEG variables. These proposed models image transitory cognitive declines and as such may prove useful in the prediction of early cognitive impairment, and may enable better diagnosis, and management of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ty Lees
- Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, Pennsylvania State University, 115 Health & Human Development Building, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America
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Stanger D, Lal S, Wuppinger T, Hensey M, Ong K, Boone R, Webb J, Grewal J, Moss R. ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC OUTCOMES FOLLOWING EDWARDS TRANSCATHETER MITRAL VALVE REPLACEMENT SYSTEM FOR SIGNIFICANT MITRAL REGURGITATION: A SINGLE CENTRE EXPERIENCE. Can J Cardiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2020.07.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Sowerbutts AM, Panter C, Dickie G, Bennett B, Ablett J, Burden S, Lal S. Short bowel syndrome and the impact on patients and their families: a qualitative study. J Hum Nutr Diet 2020; 33:767-774. [DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. M. Sowerbutts
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | | | | | | | - J. Ablett
- St Helen’s and Knowsley NHS Trust Liverpool UK
| | - S. Burden
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - S. Lal
- Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust Manchester UK
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Sowerbutts AM, Lal S, Sremanakova J, Clamp AR, Jayson GC, Hardy L, Sutton E, Raftery AM, Teubner A, Burden S. Dealing with loss: food and eating in women with ovarian cancer on parenteral nutrition. J Hum Nutr Diet 2020; 33:550-556. [PMID: 32026525 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant bowel obstruction is a common complication of ovarian cancer, resulting in limited oral intake. Home parenteral nutrition (HPN) may be offered to patients in this condition to meet nutritional requirements. However, it is not known how they experience being unable to eat. The present study reports how patients related to food when receiving HPN. METHODS The investigation was a qualitative study underpinned by phenomenology with women with advanced ovarian cancer in bowel obstruction receiving parenteral nutrition. Interview transcripts were analysed thematically guided by the techniques of Van Manen. RESULTS We recruited 20 women to the study. Participants were interviewed a maximum of four times and a total of 39 in-depth longitudinal interviews were conducted. Participants could tolerate minimal amounts of food, if they had a venting gastrostomy. Not being able to eat engendered a sense of sadness and loss, and most women found it challenging to be in the presence of others eating. They adopted strategies to cope, which included fantasising about food and watching cookery programmes. These approaches were not a long-term solution; either participants came to terms with their loss or the strategies became less effective in providing relief. CONCLUSIONS Home parenteral nutrition meets the nutritional requirements of patients with malignant bowel obstruction but cannot replace the non-nutritive functions of food. Healthcare professionals can offer a patient-centred approach by acknowledging the difficulties that patients may face and, wherever possible, encourage them to focus on the positive benefits of interacting with people rather than the loss of eating on social occasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Sowerbutts
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - S Lal
- Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - J Sremanakova
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - A R Clamp
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - G C Jayson
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - L Hardy
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - E Sutton
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - A-M Raftery
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - A Teubner
- Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - S Burden
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Christodoulidou M, Lal S, Ramachandran N, Burden S, Gibson D, Alnajjar H, Mitra A, Richards T, Muneer A. The use of body composition parameters as predictors of metastatic disease and prognostic indicators in penile cancer – a eUROGEN centre study. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)32759-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Bond A, Soop M, Taylor M, Purssell H, Abraham A, Teubner A, Carlson G, Lal S. Home parenteral nutrition and the older adult: Experience from a national intestinal failure unit. Clin Nutr 2020; 39:1418-1422. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Offen S, Simmons L, Lal S, Celermajer D. 301 Characterising the Tricuspid Valve to Inform Interventional Strategies. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Beehan-Quirk C, Jarman L, Maharaj S, Simpson A, Nassif N, Lal S. Investigating the effects of fatigue on blood glucose levels – Implications for diabetes. Translational Metabolic Syndrome Research 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tmsr.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Morris P, Lal S, Dennis M, O'Sullivan J, Hunyor I, Grieve S, Bao S, Puranik R. 027 Unexplained Left Ventricular Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE) on Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) Confers an Adverse Prognosis. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Jones DJ, Baldwin C, Lal S, Stanmore E, Farrer K, Connolly E, Weekes CE, Anderson L, Murphy J, Gillespie L, Welsh N, Ogden M, McDevitt M, Day R, Lynne S, Paulden P, Gronlund T, Burden ST. Priority setting for adult malnutrition and nutritional screening in healthcare: a James Lind Alliance. J Hum Nutr Diet 2019; 33:274-283. [DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D. J. Jones
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - C. Baldwin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences Kings College London London UK
| | - S. Lal
- Salford Royal Foundation Trust Salford UK
| | - E. Stanmore
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - K. Farrer
- NHS Salford CCG St James House Salford UK
| | | | - C. E. Weekes
- Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK
| | - L. Anderson
- Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust Stoke Mandeville Hospital Aylesbury Bucks UK
| | - J. Murphy
- Bournemouth University Bournemouth UK
| | | | - N. Welsh
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust Manchester UK
| | - M. Ogden
- Patient and Carer Involvement/Representatives Manchester UK
| | - M. McDevitt
- Patient and Carer Involvement/Representatives Manchester UK
| | - R. Day
- Patient and Carer Involvement/Representatives Manchester UK
| | - S. Lynne
- Patient and Carer Involvement/Representatives Manchester UK
| | - P. Paulden
- Patient and Carer Involvement/Representatives Manchester UK
| | | | - S. T. Burden
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester Manchester UK
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Abstract
Metabolic bone diseases are a group of conditions that are common complications in patients with intestinal failure. These may occur as a result of the underlying condition, leading to intestinal failure, particularly inflammatory conditions such as Crohn's disease and their associated treatments including corticosteroids. Malabsorption, as a result of a loss of enterocyte mass or gut function, of many nutrients, including vitamin D, may further compound metabolic bone problems, and there has been historical contamination of parenteral nutrition with aluminium that has prevented normal bone metabolism contributing to osteoporosis. This review looks at the diagnosis and current management of bone health in patients with intestinal failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Allan
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - S Lal
- Intestinal Failure Unit, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK.,School of medical science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Lees T, Elliott JL, Gunning S, Newton PJ, Rai T, Lal S. A systematic review of the current evidence regarding interventions for anxiety, PTSD, sleepiness and fatigue in the law enforcement workplace. Ind Health 2019; 57:655-667. [PMID: 30760652 PMCID: PMC6885597 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2018-0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Law enforcement is inherently stressful, and police officers are particularly vulnerable to mental and physical disorders. As such, researchers are currently assessing intervention strategies that may combat or manage these psychological, physical and mental issues. To review most recent information regarding anxiety, PTSD, and sleepiness and fatigue and identify the interventions and treatments proposed to overcome work related stressors and associated mental illnesses inflicting law enforcement officers. The EMBASE, OVID MEDLINE and PsycINFO databases were canvassed for articles investigating anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, sleepiness, and fatigue. Initial article selections were made based on title, whilst final inclusion was informed by a full critical appraisal with respect to the primary and secondary effects. The systematic search returned 363 records, of which 183 were unique. Following screening, 43 records were included in the final review. The included literature assessed the efficacy of several interventions, and provided a number of recommendations regarding interventions, and policy. Moreover, literature indicates that police officers benefit from interventions targeting work-related stress and potential psychological disorders, if these interventions are continuous. Furthermore, larger controlled studies are required to further elucidate the benefits of psychosocial intervention in law enforcement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ty Lees
- Neuroscience Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Australia
| | - Jaymen L Elliott
- Neuroscience Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Australia
| | - Simon Gunning
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Australia
| | - Phillip J Newton
- Nursing Research Centre, Western Sydney University and Western Sydney Local Health District, Australia
| | - Tapan Rai
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Australia
| | - Sara Lal
- Neuroscience Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Australia
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Khatib T, Burden S, Lal S, Tyson S. SUN-PO007: Evaluating Long-Term Use of Soybean Oil, Medium-Chain Triglyceride, Olive Oil and Fish Oil (SMOFlipid®) in Adults with Intestinal Failure. Clin Nutr 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(19)32643-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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