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Studenski MT, Cetnar A, Derosiers CM, Dooley S, Gagneur JD, Galavis PE, Kainz KK, Lamichhane N, Sandwall PA, Shen J, Tien CJ, Wang D, Wang IZ, Warkentin HK, McAvoy S. The AAPM/ASTRO 2023 Core Physics Curriculum for Radiation Oncology Residents. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2024; 118:325-329. [PMID: 37689369 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The American Association of Physicists in Medicine Radiation Oncology Medical Physics Education Subcommittee (ROMPES) has updated the radiation oncology physics core curriculum for medical residents in the radiation oncology specialty. METHODS AND MATERIALS Thirteen physicists from the United States and Canada involved in radiation oncology resident education were recruited to ROMPES. The group included doctorates and master's of physicists with a range of clinical or academic roles. Radiation oncology physician and resident representatives were also consulted in the development of this curriculum. In addition to modernizing the material to include new technology, the updated curriculum is consistent with the format of the American Board of Radiology Physics Study Guide Working Group to promote concordance between current resident educational guidelines and examination preparation guidelines. RESULTS The revised core curriculum recommends 56 hours of didactic education like the 2015 curriculum but was restructured to provide resident education that facilitates best clinical practice and scientific advancement in radiation oncology. The reference list, glossary, and practical modules were reviewed and updated to include recent literature and clinical practice examples. CONCLUSIONS ROMPES has updated the core physics curriculum for radiation oncology residents. In addition to providing a comprehensive curriculum to promote best practice for radiation oncology practitioners, the updated curriculum aligns with recommendations from the American Board of Radiology Physics Study Guide Working Group. New technology has been integrated into the curriculum. The updated curriculum provides a framework to appropriately cover the educational topics for radiation oncology residents in preparation for their subsequent career development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Studenski
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami Floria.
| | - Ashley Cetnar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Colleen M Derosiers
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Sarah Dooley
- Department of Radiation Oncology, RUSH Medical College, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Justin D Gagneur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix Arizona
| | - Paulina E Galavis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New York University, Grossman Medical School, New York
| | - Kristofer K Kainz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Narottam Lamichhane
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Peter A Sandwall
- Department of Radiation Oncology, OhioHealth, Mansfield Hospital, Mansfield, Ohio
| | - Jiajian Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix Arizona
| | - Christopher J Tien
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Dongxu Wang
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York New York
| | - Iris Z Wang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | | | - Sarah McAvoy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Beck TC, Arhontoulis DC, Morningstar JE, Hyams N, Stoddard A, Springs K, Mukherjee R, Helke K, Guo L, Moore K, Gensemer C, Biggs R, Petrucci T, Kwon J, Stayer K, Koren N, Harvey A, Holman H, Dunne J, Fulmer D, Vohra A, Mai L, Dooley S, Weninger J, Vaena S, Romeo M, Muise-Helmericks RC, Mei Y, Norris RA. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of MEK1 Inhibitor-Induced Cardiotoxicity. JACC CardioOncol 2022; 4:535-548. [PMID: 36444237 PMCID: PMC9700254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccao.2022.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Trametinib is a MEK1 (mitogen-activated extracellular signal-related kinase kinase 1) inhibitor used in the treatment of BRAF (rapid accelerated fibrosarcoma B-type)-mutated metastatic melanoma. Roughly 11% of patients develop cardiomyopathy following long-term trametinib exposure. Although described clinically, the molecular landscape of trametinib cardiotoxicity has not been characterized. Objectives The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that trametinib promotes widespread transcriptomic and cellular changes consistent with oxidative stress and impairs cardiac function. Methods Mice were treated with trametinib (1 mg/kg/d). Echocardiography was performed pre- and post-treatment. Gross, histopathologic, and biochemical assessments were performed to probe for molecular and cellular changes. Human cardiac organoids were used as an in vitro measurement of cardiotoxicity and recovery. Results Long-term administration of trametinib was associated with significant reductions in survival and left ventricular ejection fraction. Histologic analyses of the heart revealed myocardial vacuolization and calcification in 28% of animals. Bulk RNA sequencing identified 435 differentially expressed genes and 116 differential signaling pathways following trametinib treatment. Upstream gene analysis predicted interleukin-6 as a regulator of 17 relevant differentially expressed genes, suggestive of PI3K/AKT and JAK/STAT activation, which was subsequently validated. Trametinib hearts displayed elevated markers of oxidative stress, myofibrillar degeneration, an 11-fold down-regulation of the apelin receptor, and connexin-43 mislocalization. To confirm the direct cardiotoxic effects of trametinib, human cardiac organoids were treated for 6 days, followed by a 6-day media-only recovery. Trametinib-treated organoids exhibited reductions in diameter and contractility, followed by partial recovery with removal of treatment. Conclusions These data describe pathologic changes observed in trametinib cardiotoxicity, supporting the exploration of drug holidays and alternative pharmacologic strategies for disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler C. Beck
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Dimitrios C. Arhontoulis
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jordan E. Morningstar
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Nathaniel Hyams
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Andrew Stoddard
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Kendra Springs
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Rupak Mukherjee
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Kris Helke
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Lilong Guo
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Kelsey Moore
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Cortney Gensemer
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Rachel Biggs
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Taylor Petrucci
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jennie Kwon
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Kristina Stayer
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Natalie Koren
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Andrew Harvey
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Heather Holman
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jaclyn Dunne
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Diana Fulmer
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Ayesha Vohra
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Le Mai
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Sarah Dooley
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Julianna Weninger
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Silvia Vaena
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Martin Romeo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Robin C. Muise-Helmericks
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Ying Mei
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Russell A. Norris
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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Beck TC, Springs K, Morningstar JE, Mills C, Stoddard A, Guo L, Moore K, Gensemer C, Biggs R, Petrucci T, Kwon J, Stayer K, Koren N, Dunne J, Fulmer D, Vohra A, Mai L, Dooley S, Weninger J, Peterson Y, Woster P, Dix TA, Norris RA. Application of Pharmacokinetic Prediction Platforms in the Design of Optimized Anti-Cancer Drugs. Molecules 2022; 27:3678. [PMID: 35744803 PMCID: PMC9227314 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second most common cause of death in the United States, accounting for 602,350 deaths in 2020. Cancer-related death rates have declined by 27% over the past two decades, partially due to the identification of novel anti-cancer drugs. Despite improvements in cancer treatment, newly approved oncology drugs are associated with increased toxicity risk. These toxicities may be mitigated by pharmacokinetic optimization and reductions in off-target interactions. As such, there is a need for early-stage implementation of pharmacokinetic (PK) prediction tools. Several PK prediction platforms exist, including pkCSM, SuperCypsPred, Pred-hERG, Similarity Ensemble Approach (SEA), and SwissADME. These tools can be used in screening hits, allowing for the selection of compounds were reduced toxicity and/or risk of attrition. In this short commentary, we used PK prediction tools in the optimization of mitogen activated extracellular signal-related kinase kinase 1 (MEK1) inhibitors. In doing so, we identified MEK1 inhibitors with retained activity and optimized predictive PK properties, devoid of hERG inhibition. These data support the use of publicly available PK prediction platforms in early-stage drug discovery to design safer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler C. Beck
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (T.C.B.); (J.E.M.); (A.S.)
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (C.M.); (Y.P.); (P.W.); (T.A.D.)
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (K.S.); (L.G.); (K.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.); (T.P.); (J.K.); (K.S.); (N.K.); (J.D.); (D.F.); (A.V.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Kendra Springs
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (K.S.); (L.G.); (K.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.); (T.P.); (J.K.); (K.S.); (N.K.); (J.D.); (D.F.); (A.V.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Jordan E. Morningstar
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (T.C.B.); (J.E.M.); (A.S.)
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (K.S.); (L.G.); (K.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.); (T.P.); (J.K.); (K.S.); (N.K.); (J.D.); (D.F.); (A.V.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Catherine Mills
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (C.M.); (Y.P.); (P.W.); (T.A.D.)
| | - Andrew Stoddard
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (T.C.B.); (J.E.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Lilong Guo
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (K.S.); (L.G.); (K.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.); (T.P.); (J.K.); (K.S.); (N.K.); (J.D.); (D.F.); (A.V.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Kelsey Moore
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (K.S.); (L.G.); (K.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.); (T.P.); (J.K.); (K.S.); (N.K.); (J.D.); (D.F.); (A.V.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Cortney Gensemer
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (K.S.); (L.G.); (K.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.); (T.P.); (J.K.); (K.S.); (N.K.); (J.D.); (D.F.); (A.V.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Rachel Biggs
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (K.S.); (L.G.); (K.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.); (T.P.); (J.K.); (K.S.); (N.K.); (J.D.); (D.F.); (A.V.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Taylor Petrucci
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (K.S.); (L.G.); (K.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.); (T.P.); (J.K.); (K.S.); (N.K.); (J.D.); (D.F.); (A.V.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Jennie Kwon
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (K.S.); (L.G.); (K.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.); (T.P.); (J.K.); (K.S.); (N.K.); (J.D.); (D.F.); (A.V.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Kristina Stayer
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (K.S.); (L.G.); (K.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.); (T.P.); (J.K.); (K.S.); (N.K.); (J.D.); (D.F.); (A.V.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Natalie Koren
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (K.S.); (L.G.); (K.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.); (T.P.); (J.K.); (K.S.); (N.K.); (J.D.); (D.F.); (A.V.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Jaclyn Dunne
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (K.S.); (L.G.); (K.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.); (T.P.); (J.K.); (K.S.); (N.K.); (J.D.); (D.F.); (A.V.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Diana Fulmer
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (K.S.); (L.G.); (K.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.); (T.P.); (J.K.); (K.S.); (N.K.); (J.D.); (D.F.); (A.V.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Ayesha Vohra
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (K.S.); (L.G.); (K.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.); (T.P.); (J.K.); (K.S.); (N.K.); (J.D.); (D.F.); (A.V.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Le Mai
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (K.S.); (L.G.); (K.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.); (T.P.); (J.K.); (K.S.); (N.K.); (J.D.); (D.F.); (A.V.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Sarah Dooley
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (K.S.); (L.G.); (K.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.); (T.P.); (J.K.); (K.S.); (N.K.); (J.D.); (D.F.); (A.V.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Julianna Weninger
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (K.S.); (L.G.); (K.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.); (T.P.); (J.K.); (K.S.); (N.K.); (J.D.); (D.F.); (A.V.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Yuri Peterson
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (C.M.); (Y.P.); (P.W.); (T.A.D.)
| | - Patrick Woster
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (C.M.); (Y.P.); (P.W.); (T.A.D.)
| | - Thomas A. Dix
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (C.M.); (Y.P.); (P.W.); (T.A.D.)
| | - Russell A. Norris
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (T.C.B.); (J.E.M.); (A.S.)
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (K.S.); (L.G.); (K.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.); (T.P.); (J.K.); (K.S.); (N.K.); (J.D.); (D.F.); (A.V.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (J.W.)
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Carmona R, de Joya E, Tobillo R, Dooley S, Freedman L, Samuels S, Sargi Z, Weed D, Lin A, Perez C, Samuels M, Mell L. Development and Validation of a Machine Learning-Based Predictor for OS and PFS in HPV-Negative HNSCC Patients With Microscopic ENE and Intermediate-Risk Disease. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Dooley S, Tobillo R, de Joya E, Freedman L, Samuels S, Sargi Z, Weed D, Perez C, Samuels M, Carmona R. Destructive-Type TP53 Mutations are Independently Associated With Worse Overall Survival in Patients With HPV-Negative Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.1091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Khakoo N, Levy M, Uribe LP, Wang J, Kuker R, Kwon D, Dooley S, Portelance L, Azzam G, Isrow D, Wolfson A. The Predictive Value of Post-Treatment PET-CT Imaging for Patients With Curable Anal Canal Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Tobillo R, de Joya E, Dooley S, Freedman L, Sargi Z, Weed D, Perez C, Samuels M, Samuels S, Carmona R. Female Sex and Increased Immune Marker mRNA Gene Expression are Associated With Decreased Overall Survival in Patients With HPV-Negative Head and Neck Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Seldon C, Shrivastava G, Al-Awady A, Asher D, Ramey S, Fernandez M, Dooley S, Kwon D, Zhao W, Goel N, Diwanji T, Subhawong T, Trent J, Yechieli R. Variation in Management of Extremity Soft-Tissue Sarcoma in Younger vs Older Adults. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2120951. [PMID: 34415314 PMCID: PMC8379652 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.20951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE A large proportion of extremity soft-tissue sarcomas (ESS) occur among young adults, yet this group is underrepresented in clinical trials, resulting in limited data on this population. Younger patients present many complex challenges that affect clinical management. OBJECTIVE To investigate variations in treatment management in young adults vs older adults with ESS. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This multicenter retrospective cohort study used the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) to identify patients 18 years and older with ESS who received definitive treatment (ie, limb-sparing surgery [LSS] or amputation) between 2004 and 2014. Data analysis was conducted in November 2019. EXPOSURES Treatment regimen received among young adults (aged 18-39 years) and older adults (≥40 years) after diagnosis with ESS. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES To detect unique factors associated with treatment decisions in young adults with ESS, multivariable analyses used logistic regressions for patterns of treatment and their association with demographic factors and tumor characteristics. RESULTS Overall, 8953 patients were identified, and among these, 1280 (14.3%) were young adults. From the full cohort, 4796 patients (53.6%) identified as male and 6615 (73.9%) identified as non-Hispanic White. More young adults than older adults underwent amputation (age 18-39 years, 104 of 1280 [8.1%]; age 40-64 years, 217 of 3937 [5.5%]; aged ≥65 years, 199 of 3736 [5.3%]), but the association was not statistically significant (age ≥65 years, odds ratio [OR], 1.49; 95% CI, 1.00-2.23; P = .05). Young adults were more likely to receive chemotherapy than older patients (age 40-65 years, OR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.45-0.60; P = .001; ≥65 years, OR, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.12-0.20; P = .001). Conversely, young adults were less likely to receive radiation therapy compared with older patients (age 40-65 years, OR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.22-1.61; P = .001; ≥65 years, OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.10-1.61; P = .003). Unique to younger adults, clinical stage II disease vs stage I and positive surgical margins were not associated with use of radiation therapy (stage II disease: OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 0.81-1.91; P = .31; positive surgical margins: OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 0.93-2.22; P = .11). White Hispanic young adults were less likely than non-Hispanic White young adults to receive radiation therapy (OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36-0.78; P = .002). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this study, young adults with ESS were more likely to receive chemotherapy and less likely to receive radiation therapy than older adults. Further study is warranted to identify the clinical outcomes of these practice disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal Seldon
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Gautam Shrivastava
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | | | - David Asher
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Stephen Ramey
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Melanie Fernandez
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Sarah Dooley
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Deukwoo Kwon
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Wei Zhao
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Neha Goel
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Tejan Diwanji
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Ty Subhawong
- Department of Radiology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Jonathan Trent
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Raphael Yechieli
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
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Torres D, Starman L, Hall H, Pastrana J, Dooley S. Design, Simulation, Fabrication, and Characterization of an Electrothermal Tip-Tilt-Piston Large Angle Micromirror for High Fill Factor Segmented Optical Arrays. Micromachines (Basel) 2021; 12:mi12040419. [PMID: 33921288 PMCID: PMC8069987 DOI: 10.3390/mi12040419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) micromirrors have been in development for many years, but the ability to steer beams to angles larger than 20° remains a challenging endeavor. This paper details a MEMS micromirror device capable of achieving large motion for both tip/tilt angles and piston motion. The device consists of an electrothermal actuation assembly fabricated from a carefully patterned multilayer thin-film stack (SiO2/Al/SiO2) that is epoxy bonded to a 1 mm2 Au coated micromirror fabricated from an SOI wafer. The actuation assembly consists of four identical actuators, each comprised of a series of beams that use the inherent residual stresses and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) mismatches of the selected thin films to enable the large, upward, out-of-plane deflections necessary for large-angle beamsteering. Finite element simulations were performed (COMSOL v5.5) to capture initial elevations and tip/tilt motion displacements and achieved <10% variance in comparison to the experiment. The measured performance metrics of the micromirror include tip/tilt angles of ±23°, piston motion of 127 µm at sub-resonance, and dynamics characterization with observed resonant frequencies at ~145 Hz and ~226 Hz, for tip/tilt and piston motion, respectively. This unique single element design can readily be scaled into a full segmented micromirror array exhibiting an optical fill-factor >85%, making it suitable for optical phased array beam control applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Torres
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Sensors Directorate, WP-AFB, Dayton, OH 45433, USA; (L.S.); (H.H.); (S.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-937-713-7819
| | - LaVern Starman
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Sensors Directorate, WP-AFB, Dayton, OH 45433, USA; (L.S.); (H.H.); (S.D.)
| | - Harris Hall
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Sensors Directorate, WP-AFB, Dayton, OH 45433, USA; (L.S.); (H.H.); (S.D.)
| | - Juan Pastrana
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48840, USA;
| | - Sarah Dooley
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Sensors Directorate, WP-AFB, Dayton, OH 45433, USA; (L.S.); (H.H.); (S.D.)
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10
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Goodman CR, Sim AJ, Jeans EB, Anderson JD, Dooley S, Agarwal A, Tye K, Albert A, Gillespie EF, Tendulkar RD, Fuller CD, Kavanagh BD, Campbell SR. No Longer a Match: Trends in Radiation Oncology National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) Data from 2010-2020 and Comparison Across Specialties. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021; 110:278-287. [PMID: 33716120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report trends in the number and types of applicants and matched trainees to radiation oncology in comparison to other specialties participating in the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) between 2010 and 2020. METHODS AND MATERIALS Data from the NRMP and Electronic Residency Application System (ERAS) were obtained for 18 medical specialties between 2010 and 2020. We assessed the numbers and types of applicants and matched trainees relative to available positions in the NRMP and Supplemental Offer and Acceptance Program (SOAP). RESULTS In the 2020 NRMP, 122 US MD senior graduates preferentially ranked radiation oncology, a significant decrease from a median of 187 between 2010 to 2019 (interquartile range [IQR], 170-192; P < .001). Across all 18 specialties, radiation oncology experienced the greatest declines in the 2020 NRMP cycle relative to 2010 to 2019, in both the number of ERAS applicants from the United States and Canada (-31%) and the percentage of positions filled by US MD or DO senior graduates (-28%). Of 189 available positions, 81% (n = 154) filled in the NRMP prior to the SOAP, of which 65% (n = 122) were "matched" by US MD senior graduates who preferentially ranked radiation oncology as their top choice of specialty, representing a significant decrease from a median of 92% between 2010 to 2019 (IQR, 88%-94%; P = .002). The percentages of radiation oncology programs and positions unfilled in the NRMP prior to the SOAP were significantly increased in 2020 compared with 2010 to 2019 (programs: 29% vs 8% [IQR, 5%-8%; P < .001]; positions: 19% vs 4% [IQR, 2%-4%; P <.001]). Despite >99% (n = 127 of 128) of US MD or DO senior applicants preferring radiation oncology successfully matching to a radiation oncology position in the 2020 NRMP, 16 of 35 remaining unfilled positions were filled via the SOAP. Radiation oncology was the top user of the SOAP across all specialties participating in the 2020 NRMP, filling 15% of total positions versus a median of 0.9% (IQR, 0.3%-2.3%; P <.001). CONCLUSIONS The supply of radiation oncology residency positions now far exceeds demand by graduating US medical students. Efforts to nullify a market correction revealed by medical student behavior via continued reliance on the SOAP to fill historical levels of training positions may not be in the best of interest of trainees, individual programs, or the specialty as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelain R Goodman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Austin J Sim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | | | | | - Sarah Dooley
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Ankit Agarwal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Karen Tye
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ashley Albert
- Radiation Oncology, Arizona Center for Cancer Care, Peoria, Arizona
| | - Erin F Gillespie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Clifton D Fuller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Brian D Kavanagh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, Aurora, Colorado
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Dooley S, Sim AJ, Campbell SR, Jeans EB, Anderson JD, Tye K, Goodman CR. In Reply to Taunk et al. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021; 109:835-836. [PMID: 33516445 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Dooley
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Austin J Sim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | | | | | | | - Karen Tye
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Chelain R Goodman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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Dooley S, Jones K, Llorente R, Ford J, Diwanji T, Mellon E. Edema Progression during MRI-Guided Glioblastoma Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.2066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Dooley S, Khakoo N, Perlow H, Kwon D, Nicolli E, Yechieli R, Samuels M, Mora M, Freedman L, Samuels S. Improved Care for Patients Evaluated in a Head and Neck Multidisciplinary Clinic at a Safety Net Hospital. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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14
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Khakoo N, Dooley S, Perlow H, Nicolli E, Kwon D, Samuels M, Mora M, Freedman L, Samuels S. Improvement in Time-to-Treatment Initiation and Use of Ancillary Services for Patients Seen in a Head and Neck Multidisciplinary Clinic at a Safety Net Hospital. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.11.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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15
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Wang S, Feng R, Wang S, Liu H, Shao C, Ebert MPA, Ding H, Dooley S, Weng H. FOXA2 replaces FXR to maintain BSEP expression on bile canaliculi in acute-on-chronic liver failure. ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3402162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Wang
- Mannheim Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - R Feng
- Mannheim Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - S Wang
- Mannheim Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Beijing You'an Hospital, Department of Hepatology, Beijing, China
| | - H Liu
- Beijing You'an Hospital, Department of Hepatology, Beijing, China
| | - C Shao
- Beijing You'an Hospital, Department of Hepatology, Beijing, China
| | - MPA Ebert
- Mannheim Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - H Ding
- Beijing You'an Hospital, Department of Hepatology, Beijing, China
| | - S Dooley
- Mannheim Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - H Weng
- Mannheim Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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Dooley S, LLorente R, Jones K, Ford J, Mellon E. RTHP-22. EDEMA PROGRESSION DURING MRI-GUIDED GLIOBLASTOMA RADIOTHERAPY. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz175.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
PURPOSE
Despite the common finding of pseudoprogression or true progression one month after primary chemoradiotherapy for glioblastoma, there are few studies evaluating brain MRI changes that occur during concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy (RT). With the first generation combination MRI-RT device, daily predominantly T2-weighted MRIs are obtained of glioblastoma during RT. We quantified how many patients had significant MRI detectable volumetric changes through the six week course of primary chemoradiotherapy. This is of particular importance since glioblastoma RT is only planned at the beginning of therapy and not commonly re-planned for changes during therapy.
METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed the daily set-up imaging of 8 patients at our institution who received RT for glioblastoma using the Cobalt-60 MRI-RT system. Patients received standard chemoradiation at 60 Gy in 30 fractions with temozolomide per EORTC22981/26981. We contoured the abnormality on the initial ViewRay setup scan and the set-up scan for fraction 30. After rigid fusion of the contours of the initial setup MRI and fraction 30 MRI, the volumes were compared.
RESULTS
Of the 8 patients, 3 patients (37.5%) demonstrated edema expansion greater than 5 mm. The maximum distances of T2-weighted abnormality volume growth for these patients were 1.0 cm, 1.5 cm, and 4.1 cm. These findings were correlated with the post-treatment diagnostic MRIs at 3–4 weeks which demonstrated similar FLAIR abnormalities and expansion in T1 with gadolinium contrast volumes within these areas of the radiotherapy fields (pseudoprogression vs. true progression).
CONCLUSION
Review of MRIs obtained by daily MRI-RT for glioblastoma indicates that 3 of 8 patients had over 5 mm of change in T2-weighted dimensions from beginning to end of radiotherapy. Groups using limited CTV margins for treatment planning should be aware that MRI volumes could significantly increase during radiotherapy.
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Feng R, Tao L, Ma W, Wu L, Seki E, Liu C, Dooley S. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) mediates hepatic stellate cell activation via ALK5/Smad signaling. ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2019. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1695260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Feng
- Sektion Molecular Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Deutschland
| | - L Tao
- Central Laboratory, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of liver disease, Department of Infectious Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - W Ma
- Laboratory of liver disease, Department of Infectious Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - L Wu
- Laboratory of liver disease, Department of Infectious Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - E Seki
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika
| | - C Liu
- Central Laboratory, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of liver disease, Department of Infectious Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - S Dooley
- Sektion Molecular Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Deutschland
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Xiao H, Howard M, Valera-Medina A, Dooley S, Bowen P. Reduced Chemical Mechanisms for Ammonia/Methane Co-firing for Gas Turbine Applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- David Torres
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48840, USA; (D.T.); (X.T.)
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
| | - Sarah Dooley
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Sensors Directorate, WP-AFB, Dayton, OH 45433, USA;
| | - Xiaobo Tan
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48840, USA; (D.T.); (X.T.)
| | - Nelson Sepúlveda
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48840, USA; (D.T.); (X.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-517-432-2130
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20
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Flannelly T, Lopes M, Kupiainen L, Dooley S, Leahy JJ. Non-stoichiometric formation of formic and levulinic acids from the hydrolysis of biomass derived hexose carbohydrates. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra25172a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate that formic and levulinic acids are not formed stoichiometrically from the acid catalysed transformations of hexose carbohydrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Flannelly
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Sciences
- University of Limerick
- Ireland
| | - M. Lopes
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Sciences
- University of Limerick
- Ireland
| | - L. Kupiainen
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Sciences
- University of Limerick
- Ireland
| | - S. Dooley
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Sciences
- University of Limerick
- Ireland
| | - J. J. Leahy
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Sciences
- University of Limerick
- Ireland
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21
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Scott R, Dooley S, Lewis W, Meldrum C, Pockney P, Draganic B, Smith S, Jones F, Hewitt C, Phillimore H, Lucas A, Shi E, Namdarian K, Chan T, Acosta D, Chan SP, Fox S. P-273 Concordance of RAS mutation status in CRC patients by comparison of results from circulating tumour DNA and tissue-based testing. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv233.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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22
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Rudovich N, Pivovarova O, Illkavets I, Sticht C, Zhuk S, Murahovshi V, Lukowski S, Malashicheva A, Kostareva A, Gretz N, Dooley S, Pfeiffer AFH. Modulation of insulin degrading enzyme activity: A link between T2DM and liver cancer? Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1547760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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23
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Altrock E, Vasel M, Kawelke N, Dooley S, Sottile J, Nakchbandi IA. Inflammatory cell infiltration in experimental liver fibrosis is affected by inhibition of fibronectin matrix assembly. Z Gastroenterol 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1397070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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24
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Nwosu Z, Dooley S, Meyer C. 157: Unravelling the role of Caveolin-1 in metabolic reprogramming during hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)50131-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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25
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Xue G, Kwapinska M, Horvat A, Kwapinski W, Rabou LPLM, Dooley S, Czajka KM, Leahy JJ. Gasification of torrefied Miscanthus × giganteus in an air-blown bubbling fluidized bed gasifier. Bioresour Technol 2014; 159:397-403. [PMID: 24681300 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.02.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Torrefaction is suggested to be an effective method to improve the fuel properties of biomass and gasification of torrefied biomass should provide a higher quality product gas than that from unprocessed biomass. In this study, both raw and torrefied Miscanthus × giganteus (M×G) were gasified in an air-blown bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) gasifier using olivine as the bed material. The effects of equivalence ratio (ER) (0.18-0.32) and bed temperature (660-850°C) on the gasification performance were investigated. The results obtained suggest the optimum gasification conditions for the torrefied M × G are ER 0.21 and 800°C. The product gas from these process conditions had a higher heating value (HHV) of 6.70 MJ/m(3), gas yield 2m(3)/kg biomass (H2 8.6%, CO 16.4% and CH4 4.4%) and cold gas efficiency 62.7%. The comparison between raw and torrefied M × G indicates that the torrefied M × G is more suitable BFB gasification.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Xue
- Carbolea, University of Limerick, Ireland
| | - M Kwapinska
- Competence Centre for Biorefining & Biofuels, University of Limerick, Ireland
| | - A Horvat
- Carbolea, University of Limerick, Ireland
| | | | - L P L M Rabou
- Energy Research Centre of Netherlands (ECN), Biomass & Energy Efficiency, Petten, The Netherlands
| | - S Dooley
- Carbolea, University of Limerick, Ireland
| | - K M Czajka
- Energy Engineering and Technology Division, Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland
| | - J J Leahy
- Carbolea, University of Limerick, Ireland.
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Murahovschi V, Pivovarova O, Ilkavets I, Döcke S, Dmitrieva R, Keyhani Nejad F, Gögebakan Ö, Osterhoff M, Klöting N, Stockmann M, Neuhaus P, Conradi A, Dooley S, Loeffelholz CV, Blüher M, Pfeiffer AFH, Rudovich N. Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1) is a novel adipokine linked to inflammation and insulin resistance in visceral fat. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1372066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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27
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Szabo G, Dooley S, Mueller S, Seitz H, Bataller R, Sanyal A, Caravati C. S04 * ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS ESBRA & NIAAA JOINT SYMPOSIUM. Alcohol Alcohol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agt077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Wawrzynowicz-Syczewska M, Laurans L, Jurczyk K, Lachtara M, Kornak D, Dooley S, Hofmann S, Rakoczy P, Breitkopf-Heinlein K, Meyer C, Stickel F, Patsenker E, Buch S, Hampe J, Datz C, Seitz H, Trabut JB, Gagni C, Patel V, Mueller S, Rausch V, Peccerella T, Seitz H, Stickel F, Yagmur E, Herzig S, Longerich T, Mueller S, Yagmur E, Seitz H, Stickel F, Longerich T, Bantel H, Houchi H, Nguyen-Khac E, Dreher ML, Naassila M, Borodinsky A, Razvodovsky Y. ALCOHOL LIVER DISEASE. Alcohol Alcohol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agt116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Murahovschi V, Ilkavets I, Pivovarova O, Dmitrieva RM, Dooley S, Rudovich N, Pfeiffer AFH. WISP1 (Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1) ist ein neuer Marker der Fettgewebedifferenzierung und Adipositas. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1341834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abstract
Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β has a dual role in liver, providing cytostatic effects during liver damage and regeneration, as well as carcinogenic functions in malignant transformation and hepatocellular cancer. In cultured hepatocytes, TGF-β can trigger apoptosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Caveolin-1 is associated with progression of hepatocellular cancer and has been linked to TGF-β signaling. This study aimed at elucidating whether Caveolin-1 regulates TGF-β mediated hepatocyte fate. Knockdown of Caveolin-1 strongly reduced TGF-β mediated AKT phosphorylation, thus sensitized primary murine hepatocytes for proapoptotic TGF-β signaling. Restoration of AKT activity in Caveolin-1 knockdown cells via expression of a constitutive active AKT mutant did not completely blunt the apoptotic response to TGF-β, indicating an additional mechanism how Caveolin-1 primes hepatocytes for resistance to TGF-β triggered apoptosis. On the molecular level, Caveolin-1 interfered with TGF-β initiated expression of the proapoptotic mediator BIM. Additionally, RNAi for Caveolin-1 reduced (and its overexpression increased) expression of antiapoptotic mediators BCL-2 and BCL-xl. Noteworthy, reduced Caveolin-1 protein levels had no effect on collagen 1α1, E- and N-cadherin expression upon TGF-β challenge and thus no effect on hepatocyte EMT. Hence, via affecting TGF-β mediated non-Smad AKT signaling and regulation of pro- and antiapoptotic factors, Caveolin-1 is a crucial hepatocyte fate determinant for TGF-β effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Meyer
- Department of Medicine II, Section Molecular Hepatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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31
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Wong-Brown MW, McPhillips ML, Hipwell M, Pecenpetelovska G, Dooley S, Meldrum C, Scott RJ. cDNA analysis of the BRCA1 unclassified variant c.5194-12G>A. Clin Genet 2013; 84:505-6. [PMID: 23278966 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M W Wong-Brown
- Discipline of Medical Genetics, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; Centre for Information-Based Medicine, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
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Pivovarova O, Ilkavets I, Zhuk S, Malashicheva A, Kostareva A, Dooley S, Pfeiffer AFH, Rudovich N. Effects of Insulin Degrading Enzyme (IDE)-activity on the liver cancer cell transcriptome. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1314515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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33
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Teufel A, Marquardt J, Dooley S, Lammert F, Galle P. Personalisierte Hepatologie − Gegenwärtige Konzepte, Entwicklungen und Erwartungen im Postgenomzeitalter. Z Gastroenterol 2012; 50:41-6. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1282040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Teufel
- I. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsmedizin, Mainz, Germany
| | - J. Marquardt
- I. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsmedizin, Mainz, Germany
| | - S. Dooley
- Molekulare Hepatologie – Alkohol Assoziierte Erkrankungen, II. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum, Mannheim, Germany
| | - F. Lammert
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg, Germany
| | - P. Galle
- I. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsmedizin, Mainz, Germany
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Ganzleben I, Seitz H, Mueller S, Millonig G, Helminen A, Salaspuro M, Vakevainen S, Breitkopf-Heinlein K, Gaitantzi H, Meyer C, Li Q, Dzieran J, Millonig G, Mueller S, Bantel H, Bergheim I, Dooley S, Helminen A, Salaspuro M, Vakevainen S, Blecha L, Benyamina A, Domart M, Lemoine A, Debuire B, Saffroy R, Reynaud M. S22 * YOUNG RESEARCHER SYMPOSIUM II: PATHOGENETIC MECHANISMS OF ALCOHOLIC ASSOCIATED ORGAN INJURY * S22.1 * IRON METABOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH ALD. Alcohol Alcohol 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agr112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Koppel H, Riedl E, Braunagel M, Sauerhoefer S, Ehnert S, Godoy P, Sternik P, Dooley S, Yard BA. L-carnosine inhibits high-glucose-mediated matrix accumulation in human mesangial cells by interfering with TGF- production and signalling. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2011; 26:3852-8. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfr324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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Schuhmann D, Godoy P, Weiss C, Gerloff A, Singer MV, Dooley S, Böcker U. Interfering with interferon-γ signalling in intestinal epithelial cells: selective inhibition of apoptosis-maintained secretion of anti-inflammatory interleukin-18 binding protein. Clin Exp Immunol 2010; 163:65-76. [PMID: 21078084 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2010.04250.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal epithelial barrier represents an important component in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases. Interferon (IFN)-γ, a T helper type 1 (Th1) cytokine, regulated by the interleukin (IL)-18/IL-18 binding protein (bp) system, modulates the integrity of this barrier. The aim of this work was to study functionally the consequences of IFN-γ on intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) and to interfere selectively with identified adverse IFN-γ effects. IEC lines were stimulated with IFN-γ. IL-18 and IL-18bp were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Staining of phosphatidylserine, DNA laddering, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, cleavage of poly-adenosine diphosphate-ribose-polymerase (PARP) and activation of caspase-3 were analysed to determine cell death. Inhibitors of tyrosine kinase, caspase-3 or p38 mitogen-activated kinase ((MAP) activity were used. Cytokines were measured in supernatants of colonic biopsies of healthy controls and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. In IEC lines, IFN-γ up-regulated IL-18bp selectively. Ex vivo, IFN-γ was present in supernatants from cultured biopsies and up-regulated with inflammation. Contrary to previous reports, IFN-γ alone induced apoptosis in IEC lines, as demonstrated by phosphatidylserin staining, DNA cleavage and LDH release. Further, activation of caspase-3, PARP cleavage and expression of pro-apoptotic Bad were induced. Partial inhibition of caspase-3 and of p38 but not JAK tyrosine kinase, preserved up-regulation of IL-18bp expression. Selective inhibition of IFN-γ mediated apoptosis, while preserving its beneficial consequences on the ratio of IL-18/IL-18bp, could contribute to the integrity of the mucosal barrier in intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Schuhmann
- Department of Medicine II and Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, Mannheim, Germany
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Dooley S, Burke MP, Chaos M, Stein Y, Dryer FL, Zhukov VP, Finch O, Simmie JM, Curran HJ. Methyl formate oxidation: Speciation data, laminar burning velocities, ignition delay times, and a validated chemical kinetic model. INT J CHEM KINET 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.20512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Hassan J, Moran J, Awan A, O'Connell M, Connell J, Dooley S, Hall W. P.020 Presence of high T cell counts and EBV-lytic antigen specific cells in paediatric renal transplant patients with high EBV viral loads: Predictive markers for risk PTLD. J Clin Virol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1386-6532(08)70083-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abstract
Understanding the perspectives of nurses is a critical, initial step in developmental efforts targeting the integration of evidence into practice. The authors discuss the outcomes of a study that assessed nurses' views of best practice, including organizational supports, barriers, and recommended strategies to successfully navigate practice changes in demanding work environments.
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Ehnert S, Nussler AK, Lehmann A, Dooley S. Blood Monocyte-Derived Neohepatocytes as in Vitro Test System for Drug Metabolism. Drug Metab Dispos 2008; 36:1922-9. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.108.020453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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Riedl E, Köppel H, Ehnert S, Godoy P, Sternik P, Dooley S, Yard BA. L-Carnosin verhindert die Akkumulation von extrazellulärer Matrix unter HochGlucose über Modifikation des TGF-β Systems. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1076245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common cause of congenital infection worldwide and occurs as a result of transplacental transmission of the virus. The human neonate is highly susceptible to infection due to a combination of immaturity of the immune system and antigenic inexperience. This study uses the in vivo model of congenital CMV to examine both the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in vertically infected neonates and their mothers. Ten pairs of matched neonates and their mothers were evaluated for specific IgM responses to three immunodominant CMV antigens: pp38 (pUL80a), pp52 (pUL44) and pp150 (pUL32). In contrast to conventional enzyme immunoassay (EIA) testing for CMV-specific IgM, which found five of the mothers and four of the neonates to be positive, Western immunoblotting showed all 10 adults and nine newborns to be positive. Eight mothers and nine newborns had serological evidence of primary infection. All neonates showed a response to pp38, an assembly protein, nine responded to the pp52 immediate early antigen but only four had reactivity to the pp150 tegument associated protein. Of the mothers, eight had pp38 reactivity, 10 showed a response to the pp52 antigen and seven to the pp150 antigen. T cell-mediated immunity was assessed by measuring cytokines using a multiplex microarray assay. Levels of interferon (IFN)-gamma were high in both groups [mean +/- standard error of the mean (s.e.m.): neonates = 657 +/- 238 pg/ml, mothers = 1072 +/- 677 pg/ml, pNS]; however, neonates had significantly higher levels of interleukin (IL)-8 (316 +/- 136 pg/ml versus 48 +/- 28 pg/ml, P < 0.005). Similar levels of IL-2, IL-7, IL-10 and IL-12 were measured in both groups, but levels of IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-4, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha were either absent or low. In response to CMV, neonates and adults mount a predominant T helper 1 (Th1) response, as evidenced by the presence of IL-2, IL-8, IL-12 and IFN-gamma with concomitant lack of IL-4. These findings suggest that the neonate, when presented with infection in utero, is capable of mounting an individual response; however, the lower IFN-gamma and higher IL-8 levels suggest reduced immune responsiveness when compared to their adult counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hassan
- National Virus Reference Laboratory and Centre for Research into Infectious Diseases, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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Metcalfe WK, Dooley S, Curran HJ, Simmie JM, El-Nahas AM, Navarro MV. Experimental and Modeling Study of C5H10O2 Ethyl and Methyl Esters. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:4001-14. [PMID: 17284020 DOI: 10.1021/jp067582c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Due to the world's over-reliance on fossil fuels there has been a developing interest in the production of renewable biofuels such as methyl and ethyl esters derived from vegetable oils and animal fats. To increase our understanding of the combustion chemistry of esters, the oxidation of methyl butanoate and ethyl propanoate, both with a molecular formula of C5H10O2, have been studied in a series of high-temperature shock tube experiments. Ignition delay times for a series of mixtures, of varying fuel/oxygen equivalence ratios (phi = 0.25-1.5), were measured behind reflected shock waves over the temperature range 1100-1670 K, and at pressures of 1.0, and 4.0 atm. It was found that ethyl propanoate was consistently faster to ignite than methyl butanoate, particularly at lower temperatures. Detailed chemical kinetic mechanisms have been assembled and used to simulate these experiments with good agreement observed. Rate of production analyses using the detailed mechanisms shows that the faster reactivity of ethyl propanoate can be explained by a six-centered unimolecular decomposition reaction with a relatively low activation energy barrier producing propanoic acid and ethylene. The elimination reaction itself is not responsible for the increased reactivity; it is the faster reactivity of the two products, propanoic acid and ethylene that leads to this behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- W K Metcalfe
- Combustion Research Centre, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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Seyhan H, Hamzavi J, Wiercinska E, Gressner AM, Mertens PR, Kopp J, Horch RE, Breitkopf K, Dooley S. Liver fibrogenesis due to cholestasis is associated with increased Smad7 expression and Smad3 signaling. J Cell Mol Med 2007; 10:922-32. [PMID: 17125595 PMCID: PMC3933087 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2006.tb00535.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract Background/Aims: Profibrogenic TGF-β signaling in hepatic stellate cells is modulated during transdifferentiation. Strategies to abrogate TGF-β effects provide promising antifibrotic results, however, in vivo data regarding Smad activation during fibrogenesis are scarce. Methods: Here, liver fibrosis was assessed subsequent to bile duct ligation by determining liver enzymes in serum and collagen deposition in liver tissue. Activated hepatic stellate cells were identified by immunohistochemistry and immunoblots for alpha smooth muscle actin. Cellular localization of Smad3 and Smad7 proteins was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. RTPCR for Smad4 and Smad7 was conducted with total RNA and Northern blot analysis for Smad7 with mRNA. Whole liver lysates were prepared to detect Smad2/3/4 and phospho- Smad2/3 by Western blotting. Results: Cholestasis induces TGF-β signaling via Smad3 in vivo, whereas Smad2 phosphorylation was only marginally increased. Smad4 expression levels were unchanged. Smad7 expression was continuously increasing with duration of cholestasis. Hepatocytes of fibrotic lesions exhibited nuclear staining Smad3. In contrast to this, Smad7 expression was localized to activated hepatic stellate cells. Conclusions: Hepatocytes of damaged liver tissue display increased TGF-β signaling via Smad3. Further, negative feedback regulation of TGF-β signaling by increased Smad7 expression in activated hepatic stellate cells occurs, however does not interfere with fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Seyhan
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Medical Center ErlangenGermany
| | - J Hamzavi
- Center of Molecular Alcohol Research, II. Medical Clinic, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of HeidelbergGermany
| | - Eliza Wiercinska
- Center of Molecular Alcohol Research, II. Medical Clinic, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of HeidelbergGermany
| | - A M Gressner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, RWTH University Hospital AachenGermany
| | - P R Mertens
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Nephrology, RWTH University Hospital AachenGermany
| | - J Kopp
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Medical Center ErlangenGermany
| | - R E Horch
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Medical Center ErlangenGermany
| | - Katja Breitkopf
- Center of Molecular Alcohol Research, II. Medical Clinic, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of HeidelbergGermany
| | - S Dooley
- Center of Molecular Alcohol Research, II. Medical Clinic, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of HeidelbergGermany
- * Correspondence to: Steven DOOLEY Department of Medicine II, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, Theodor-Kutzer Ufer 1-3, 68135 Mannheim, Germany. Tel.: 0049-621-383-3768 E-mail:
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Klingmüller U, Bauer A, Bohl S, Nickel PJ, Breitkopf K, Dooley S, Zellmer S, Kern C, Merfort I, Sparna T, Donauer J, Walz G, Geyer M, Kreutz C, Hermes M, Götschel F, Hecht A, Walter D, Egger L, Neubert K, Borner C, Brulport M, Schormann W, Sauer C, Baumann F, Preiss R, MacNelly S, Godoy P, Wiercinska E, Ciuclan L, Edelmann J, Zeilinger K, Heinrich M, Zanger UM, Gebhardt R, Maiwald T, Heinrich R, Timmer J, von Weizsäcker F, Hengstler JG. Primary mouse hepatocytes for systems biology approaches: a standardized in vitro system for modelling of signal transduction pathways. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 153:433-47. [PMID: 17186705 DOI: 10.1049/ip-syb:20050067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Complex cellular networks regulate regeneration, detoxification and differentiation of hepatocytes. By combining experimental data with mathematical modelling, systems biology holds great promises to elucidate the key regulatory mechanisms involved and predict targets for efficient intervention. For the generation of high-quality quantitative data suitable for mathematical modelling a standardised in vitro system is essential. Therefore the authors developed standard operating procedures for the preparation and cultivation of primary mouse hepatocytes. To reliably monitor the dynamic induction of signalling pathways, the authors established starvation conditions and evaluated the extent of starvation-associated stress by quantifying several metabolic functions of cultured primary hepatocytes, namely activities of glutathione-S-transferase, glutamine synthetase, CYP3A as well as secretion of lactate and urea into the culture medium. Establishment of constant metabolic activities after an initial decrease compared with freshly isolated hepatocytes showed that the cultured hepatocytes achieve a new equilibrium state that was not affected by our starving conditions. To verify the highly reproducible dynamic activation of signalling pathways in the in vitro system, the authors examined the JAK-STAT, SMAD, PI3 kinase, MAP kinase, NF-kappaB and Wnt/beta-catenin signalling pathways. For the induction of gp130, JAK1 and STAT3 phosphorylation IL6 was used, whereas TGFbeta was applied to activate the phosphorylation of SMAD1, SMAD2 and SMAD3. Both Akt/PKB and ERK1/2 phosphorylation were stimulated by the addition of hepatocyte growth factor. The time-dependent induction of a pool of signalling competent beta-catenin was monitored in response to the inhibition of GSK3beta. To analyse whether phosphorylation is actually leading to transcriptional responses, luciferase reporter gene constructs driven by multiple copies of TGFbeta-responsive motives were applied, demonstrating a dose-dependent increase in luciferase activity. Moreover, the induction of apoptosis by the TNF-like cytokine Fas ligand was studied in the in vitro system. Thus, the mouse hepatocyte in vitro system provides an important basis for the generation of high-quality quantitative data under standardised cell culture conditions that is essential to elucidate critical hepatocellular functions by the systems biology approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Klingmüller
- Boveri Group, Systems Biology of Signal Transduction, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Sayers G, Dooley S, Staines A, Lane J, Thornton L, Staines M, Brennan S, Kelly P, Finlay F. Hepatitis A antibody prevalence among people with an intellectual disability in Ireland. Euro Surveill 2007. [DOI: 10.2807/esm.12.01.00675-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This manuscript aims to determine the prevalence of antibody to and risk factors for hepatitis A virus (HAV) in individuals attending three intellectual disability services through a cross-sectional survey held in Dublin, Ireland. Participants were 636 individuals aged four to 78 years attending three intellectual disability services. The main outcome measure was the measurement of anti-HAV (IgG antibody) in oral fluid swabs using an antibody capture enzyme immunoassay (EIA) technique. Risk factor information was obtained by questionnaire from the individual’s medical record.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sayers
- Department of Public Health, Health Service Executive Eastern Region, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Dooley
- National Virus Reference Laboratory, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Staines
- UCD School of Public Health and Population Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Lane
- St Michael’s House Service, Dublin, Ireland
| | - L Thornton
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Staines
- Stewarts Hospital Services Ltd, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Brennan
- St Michael's House Service, Dublin, Ireland
| | - P Kelly
- Peamount Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - F Finlay
- Inclusion Ireland,Dublin, Ireland
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Abstract
TGF-beta, acting both directly and indirectly, represents a central mediator of fibrogenic remodeling processes in the liver. Besides hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which are induced by TGF-beta to transdifferentiate to myofibroblasts and to produce extracellular matrix, hepatocytes are also strongly responsive for this cytokine, which induces apoptosis during fibrogenesis and provides growth control in regeneration processes. Based on this, TGF-beta-mediated hepatic responses to injury are the result of a complex interplay between the different liver cell types. In this review we summarize the knowledge about TGF-beta signal transduction in HSCs with special impact on Smad pathways. We further describe a molecular cross-talk between profibrogenic TGF-beta and antifibrogenic IFN-gamma signaling in liver cells. Finally, we introduce hepatocyte plasticity and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in the liver, which is well established in tumorigenesis, as a potential feature of fibrogenesis and highlight possible action points of TGF-beta in these contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Breitkopf
- Department of Medicine II, Division of Molecular Alcohol Research in Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Heidelberg at Mannheim.
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Hassan J, Dooley S, Hall W. Immunological response to cytomegalovirus in congenitally infected neonates. J Clin Virol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1386-6532(06)80746-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Breitkopf K, Sawitza I, Westhoff JH, Wickert L, Dooley S, Gressner AM. Thrombospondin 1 acts as a strong promoter of transforming growth factor beta effects via two distinct mechanisms in hepatic stellate cells. Gut 2005; 54:673-81. [PMID: 15831915 PMCID: PMC1774498 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2004.042911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Thrombospondin 1 (TSP-1) is an important activator of latent transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) but little is known of the expression patterns and functions of TSP-1 in liver cells. We therefore analysed if and how TSP-1 acts on TGF-beta during fibrogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we demonstrated that hepatocytes from normal liver expressed no TSP-1 mRNA whereas Kupffer cells and sinusoidal endothelial cells did. TSP-1 mRNA and protein were detected in quiescent and activated cultured hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and TSP-1 expression was highly inducible by platelet derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) and, to a lesser extent, by tumour necrosis factor alpha in activated HSC. Furthermore, addition of PDGF-BB directly led to enhanced TGF-beta mRNA expression and a TSP-1 dependent increase in TGF-beta/Smad signalling. Using either a peptide specifically blocking the interaction of TSP-1 with latent TGF-beta or antibodies against TSP-1 not only abrogated activation of latent TGF-beta but also reduced the effects of the active dimer itself. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that TSP-1 expression is important for TGF-beta effects and that it is regulated by the profibrogenic mediator PDGF-BB in HSC. Furthermore, the presence of TSP-1 seems to be a prerequisite for effective signal transduction by active TGF-beta not only in rat HSC but also in other cell types such as human dermal fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Breitkopf
- Department of Medicine II, Mol Alcohol Research in Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Heidelberg at Mannheim, Germany.
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Barry J, Bourke M, Buckley M, Coughlan B, Crowley D, Cullen W, Dooley S, Keating S, Kelleher D, Moloney J, Murray F, McCormick PA, MacMathuna P, O'Connor J, O'Grady J, O'Sullivan C, O'Sullivan P, Quinn C, Smyth B, Sweeney B. Hepatitis C among drug users: consensus guidelines on management in general practice. Ir J Med Sci 2004; 173:145-50. [PMID: 15693384 DOI: 10.1007/bf03167929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis C (HCV) is a common cause of morbidity among patients who attend general practitioners (GPs) in Ireland for methadone maintenance treatment. AIMS To describe the development and content of guidelines for the management of HCV among current or former opiate users in the Eastern Regional Health Authority area attending GPs for methadone treatment. METHODS The guidelines were produced in five stages: identification of key stakeholders; development of evidence-based draft guidelines; discussion of content; determination of 'Delphi'-facilitated consensus and review by a sample of GPs for whom the guidelines would be intended. RESULTS The guidelines contain advice for GPs on all aspects of care of patients at risk of HCV, including general and preventative care, care of other bloodborne and hepatotoxic viruses, and the factors to be considered and appropriate evaluation prior to referring a patient for assessment at a hepatology unit. CONCLUSIONS GPs have an important role to play in the care of patients at risk of, or infected with, HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Barry
- Eastern Regional Health Authority
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