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Miyahara S, Mori H, Fukuda K, Ogawa M, Saito M. Non-purulent myositis caused by direct invasion of skeletal muscle tissue by Leptospira in a hamster model. Infect Immun 2024; 92:e0042023. [PMID: 38240601 PMCID: PMC10870730 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00420-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Myalgia is a common symptom of Leptospira infection in humans. Autopsies have reported that muscle tissue shows degeneration and necrosis of the myofibers and infiltration of inflammatory cells composed mainly of macrophages and lymphocytes. It remains unclear whether Leptospira directly infects the muscle and how the infiltrating inflammatory cells are involved in muscle fiber destruction. This study evaluated the relationship between histopathological changes and leptospiral localization in the muscle tissue of a hamster model. The influence of macrophages in skeletal muscle injury was also investigated, using selective depletion of macrophages by administration of liposomal clodronate. Hamsters infected subcutaneously with Leptospira interrogans serovar Manilae strain UP-MMC-SM showed myositis of the thighs adjacent to the inoculated area beginning at 6 days post-infection. The myositis was non-purulent and showed sporadic degeneration and necrosis of muscle fibers. The degeneration of myofibers was accompanied by aggregations of macrophages. Immunofluorescence staining revealed leptospires surrounding the damaged muscle fibers. Subcutaneous injection of formalin-killed Leptospira or intraperitoneal injection of live Leptospira caused no myositis in hamster thighs. Liposomal clodronate treatment in infected hamsters reduced macrophage infiltration in muscle tissue without impacting bacterial clearance. Muscle necrosis was still observed in the infected hamsters treated with liposomal clodronate, and there was no significant change in serum creatine kinase levels compared to those in animals treated with liposomes alone. Our findings suggest that leptospiral invasion of muscle tissue from an inoculation site leads to the destruction of muscle fibers and causes non-purulent myositis, whereas the infiltrating macrophages contribute less to muscle destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Miyahara
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mori
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Fukuda
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Midori Ogawa
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Mitsumasa Saito
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
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Asoh T, Miyahara S, Villanueva SYAM, Kanemaru T, Takigawa T, Mori H, Gloriani NG, Yoshida SI, Saito M. Protective role of stratum corneum in percutaneous Leptospira infection in a hamster model. Microb Pathog 2023; 182:106243. [PMID: 37422175 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Leptospira enters humans and animals through injured skin or mucous membranes by direct or indirect contact with urine excreted from infected reservoirs. Individuals with cut or scratched skin are at high risk of infection and are recommended to be protected from contact with Leptospira, but the risk of infection via skin without apparent wounds is unknown. We hypothesized that the stratum corneum of the epidermis might prevent percutaneous invasion of leptospires. We established a stratum corneum deficient model of hamsters using the tape stripping method. The mortality rate of hamsters lacking stratum corneum that were exposed to Leptospira was higher than that of controls with shaved skin, and was not significantly different from an epidermal wound group. These results indicated that the stratum corneum plays a critical role in protecting the host against leptospiral entry. We also examined the migration of leptospires through the monolayer of HaCaT cells (human keratinocyte cell line) using Transwell. The number of pathogenic leptospires penetrating the HaCaT cell monolayers was higher than that of non-pathogenic leptospires. Furthermore, scanning and transmission electron microscopic observations revealed that the bacteria penetrated the cell monolayers through both intracellular and intercellular routes. This suggested that pathogenic Leptospira can migrate easily through keratinocyte layers and is associated with virulence. Our study further highlights the importance of the stratum corneum as a critical barrier against the invasion of Leptospira found in contaminated soil and water. Hence, preventative measures against contact infection should be taken, even without visible skin wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuma Asoh
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, Japan; Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Miyahara
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sharon Yvette Angelina M Villanueva
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines
| | - Takaaki Kanemaru
- Department of Morphology Core Unit, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoya Takigawa
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mori
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nina G Gloriani
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines; Department of Pathology, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Shin-Ichi Yoshida
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mitsumasa Saito
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Inamasu Y, Nikaido Y, Miyahara S, Maruoka T, Takigawa T, Ogawa M, Nakayama T, Harada M, Saito M. Dissemination of Leptospira into the intestinal tract resulting in fecal excretion in a hamster model of subcutaneous infection with Leptospirainterrogans. Microb Pathog 2022; 165:105481. [PMID: 35292370 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Leptospirosis, caused by pathogenic Leptospira, is one of the most common zoonotic diseases in the world. It is transmitted to humans through the skin and mucous membranes by contact with water or soil contaminated with urine excreted from infected animals. In human infections, gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea have been frequently observed, but there have been no reports analyzing gastrointestinal lesions in leptospirosis, and the pathological mechanism of gastrointestinal symptoms in leptospirosis remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the pathological changes and the distribution of leptospires in the intestinal wall, and the presence of leptospires in the intestinal contents and feces, of hamsters subcutaneously infected with Leptospira interrogans. Results showed that infected hamsters had macroscopic redness in the jejunum and ileum. Submucosal hemorrhage was observed histologically, and there was no infiltration of inflammatory cells such as neutrophils. There were no obvious changes in the colon, either macroscopically or histologically, and the feces were normal (solid stools). Leptospira was isolated from all the intestinal walls from the small intestine to the colon, the intestinal contents, and the feces. These findings suggest that the invasion of leptospires into the intestinal wall and the associated submucosal hemorrhage may be the cause of the gastrointestinal symptoms observed in leptospirosis. Furthermore, not only the urine of infected animals but also the feces could be a source of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Inamasu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan; Third Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiko Nikaido
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Miyahara
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Maruoka
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoya Takigawa
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Midori Ogawa
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Nakayama
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaru Harada
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mitsumasa Saito
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
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Oyamada Y, Ozuru R, Masuzawa T, Miyahara S, Nikaido Y, Obata F, Saito M, Villanueva SYAM, Fujii J. A machine learning model of microscopic agglutination test for diagnosis of leptospirosis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259907. [PMID: 34784387 PMCID: PMC8594833 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptospirosis is a zoonosis caused by the pathogenic bacterium Leptospira. The Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) is widely used as the gold standard for diagnosis of leptospirosis. In this method, diluted patient serum is mixed with serotype-determined Leptospires, and the presence or absence of aggregation is determined under a dark-field microscope to calculate the antibody titer. Problems of the current MAT method are 1) a requirement of examining many specimens per sample, and 2) a need of distinguishing contaminants from true aggregates to accurately identify positivity. Therefore, increasing efficiency and accuracy are the key to refine MAT. It is possible to achieve efficiency and standardize accuracy at the same time by automating the decision-making process. In this study, we built an automatic identification algorithm of MAT using a machine learning method to determine agglutination within microscopic images. The machine learned the features from 316 positive and 230 negative MAT images created with sera of Leptospira-infected (positive) and non-infected (negative) hamsters, respectively. In addition to the acquired original images, wavelet-transformed images were also considered as features. We utilized a support vector machine (SVM) as a proposed decision method. We validated the trained SVMs with 210 positive and 154 negative images. When the features were obtained from original or wavelet-transformed images, all negative images were misjudged as positive, and the classification performance was very low with sensitivity of 1 and specificity of 0. In contrast, when the histograms of wavelet coefficients were used as features, the performance was greatly improved with sensitivity of 0.99 and specificity of 0.99. We confirmed that the current algorithm judges the positive or negative of agglutinations in MAT images and gives the further possibility of automatizing MAT procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Oyamada
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Ryo Ozuru
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Toshiyuki Masuzawa
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba Institute of Science, Choshi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Miyahara
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Nikaido
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Fumiko Obata
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
| | - Mitsumasa Saito
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Jun Fujii
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
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Opollo V, Sun X, Lando R, Miyahara S, Torres TS, Hosseinipour MC, Bisson GP, Kumwenda J, Gupta A, Nyirenda M, Katende K, Suryavanshi N, Beulah F, Shah NS. The effect of TB treatment on health-related quality of life for people with advanced HIV. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2021; 24:910-915. [PMID: 33156757 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.19.0716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Study A5274 was an open-label trial of people with HIV (PLHIV) with CD4 cell count <50 cells/µL who were randomized to empirical TB treatment vs. isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) in addition to antiretroviral therapy (ART). We evaluated health-related quality of life (HRQoL) by study arm, changes over time, and association with sociodemographic and clinical factors.METHODS: Participants aged >13 years were enrolled from outpatient clinics in 10 countries. HRQoL was assessed at Weeks 0, 8, 24 and 96 with questions about daily activity, hospital or emergency room visits, and general health status. We used logistic regression to examine HRQoL by arm and association with sociodemographic and clinical factors.RESULTS: Among 850 participants (424 empiric arm, 426 IPT arm), HRQoL improved over time with no difference between arms. At baseline and Week 24, participants with WHO Stage 3 or 4 events, or those who had Grade 3 or 4 signs/symptoms, were significantly more likely to report poor HRQoL using the composite of four HRQoL measures.CONCLUSION: HRQoL improved substantially in both arms during the study period. These findings show that ART, TB screening, and IPT can not only reduce mortality, but also improve HRQoL in PLHIV with advanced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Opollo
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, HIV-Research Branch, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - X Sun
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R Lando
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, HIV-Research Branch, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - S Miyahara
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T S Torres
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI-FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - M C Hosseinipour
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, University of North Carolina Project, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - G P Bisson
- Perlman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - A Gupta
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - K Katende
- Joint Clinical Research Centre Clinical Research Site, Kampala, Uganda
| | - N Suryavanshi
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College Clinical Trials Unit, Pune, India
| | - F Beulah
- YR Gaitonde Centre for AIDS Research and Education, Chennai Antiviral Research and Treatment Clinical Research Site, Chennai, India
| | - N S Shah
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Kajita N, Saito Y, Makimoto A, Miyahara S, Yuza Y. Double recurrence of double cancers: Rhabdomyosarcoma and secondary AML. Pediatr Int 2020; 62:742-744. [PMID: 32495974 DOI: 10.1111/ped.14172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Kajita
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuya Saito
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Makimoto
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Children Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Miyahara
- Division of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Yuza
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
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Nakayama T, Kikkawa T, Obara T, Kaneko H, Shimizu K, Miyahara S. [Thoracic Spinal Chordoma Need to be Differentiated from the Bacteremia-associated Paravertebral Abscess]. Kyobu Geka 2020; 73:362-365. [PMID: 32398394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A 71-year-old woman presented to our hospital with fever and dyspnea. Computed tomography showed shadows of bilateral pneumonia and anterior vertebral mass. She was admitted to our hospital for respiratory failure. Despite treatment with antibiotics, she developed right thoracic empyema. A high level of inflammation and fever persisted, despite chest tube drainage and continued treatment with antibiotics. Therefore, thoracoscopic curettage was conducted. The histopathological findings of the curetted anterior vertebral body lesion revealed the diagnosis of chordoma. After confirming that all the culture results and inflammation findings had turned negative, the patient was discharged from the hospital. Thoracic vertebral chordoma is being treated at the department of orthopedics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nakayama
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Fuchu, Japan
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Kitamura M, Okada H, Miyahara S, Matsunaga A, Kadomatsu Y, Itagaki S, Kiriu T. Case of primary thymic papillary adenocarcinoma associated with type AB thymoma and thymic cysts. Pathol Int 2020; 70:370-372. [PMID: 32180299 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Momoko Kitamura
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruka Okada
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Miyahara
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsumi Matsunaga
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Kadomatsu
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shingo Itagaki
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kiriu
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
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Waseda R, Miyahara N, Moroga T, Wakahara J, Mei H, Yamamoto L, Imamura N, Miyahara S, Shiraishi T, Iwasaki A. P2.03-52 Correlation Between Inflammatory Markers and Oncological Outcomes in Surgically Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Tagashira Y, Yamane N, Miyahara S, Orihara A, Uehara Y, Hiramatsu K, Honda H. Misuse of Discharge Antimicrobial Prescription in the Emergency Department: An Observational Study at a Tertiary Care Center. Open Forum Infect Dis 2019; 6:ofz016. [PMID: 30793008 PMCID: PMC6368844 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofz016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted a restrospective cohort study of patients discharged from the emergency department at a tertiary care center with an antimicrobial prescription. More than half of the prescribed antimicrobials were misused and frequently inappropriate for various infectious diseases. In this study, we analyzed the physician-related and environment-related factors predicting misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuaki Tagashira
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Japan.,Department of Infection Control Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naofumi Yamane
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Japan
| | - Satoshi Miyahara
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Japan
| | - Azusa Orihara
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Japan
| | - Yuki Uehara
- Department of Infection Control Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Hiramatsu
- Department of Infection Control Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Honda
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Japan
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Jenke A, Yazdanyar M, Immohr M, Miyahara S, Chekhoeva A, Kistner J, Boeken U, Lichtenberg A, Akhyari P. The Synthetic Adiponectin Receptor Agonist AdipoRon Attenuates Impairment of Cardiac Function Associated with Cardiopulmonary Bypass-Induced Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1678921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Jenke
- Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Klinik für Kardiovaskuläre Chirurgie, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M. Yazdanyar
- Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Klinik für Kardiovaskuläre Chirurgie, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M. Immohr
- Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Klinik für Kardiovaskuläre Chirurgie, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S. Miyahara
- Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Klinik für Kardiovaskuläre Chirurgie, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A. Chekhoeva
- Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Klinik für Kardiovaskuläre Chirurgie, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - J. Kistner
- Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Klinik für Kardiovaskuläre Chirurgie, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - U. Boeken
- Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Klinik für Kardiovaskuläre Chirurgie, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A. Lichtenberg
- Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Klinik für Kardiovaskuläre Chirurgie, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - P. Akhyari
- Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Klinik für Kardiovaskuläre Chirurgie, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Tagashira Y, Yamane N, Miyahara S, Orihara A, Uehara Y, Hiramatsu K, Honda H. 1843. Prescribers’ Characteristics and Unnecessary/Inappropriate Antimicrobial Prescription in the Emergency Department: An Observational Study at a Tertiary Care Center. Open Forum Infect Dis 2018. [PMCID: PMC6252820 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofy210.1499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antimicrobials are commonly prescribed in the emergency department despite the fact that a large proportion of these drugs are misused. However, comprehensive studies of factors leading to the misuse of antimicrobials in the emergency department (ED) are few. Understanding current practice of antimicrobial use in the ED is important for developing an effective antimicrobial stewardship program for this setting. Methods We performed a 1-year cohort study of patients discharged from the ED in a tertiary care center with a prescription for oral antimicrobial agents. A retrospective audit of the appropriateness of antimicrobial prescription using prespecified criteria was performed by two infectious disease physicians. Patterns in antimicrobial prescription and the physician-, patient-, and environment-related factors predicting unnecessary/inappropriate antimicrobial prescription were evaluated. Results Of the 36,308 annual visits to the ED, 1,555 patients (4.3% of visit) received oral antimicrobial prescriptions upon discharge. Pneumonia (18.2% [283/1,555]) was the most common indication for antimicrobial prescription. Of the 1,555 antimicrobial prescriptions issued, 852 (52.9%) were considered inappropriate. Factors significantly associated with unnecessary/inappropriate antimicrobial prescription included the lack of comorbidities (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.87), late-night visit (aOR: 1.48 95%; CI: 1.05–2.09), the spring-summer season (aOR: 1.13 95%; CI: 1.03–1.25), higher postgraduate year (>10 years) (aOR: 1.77 95%; CI: 1.24–2.52), and physicians in surgical subspecialties (aOR: 4.51 95%; CI: 3.34–6.09). Conclusion More than half of oral antimicrobial prescriptions in the ED were inappropriate. Unnecessary or inappropriate antimicrobial prescriptions were frequently issued during the late-night shift, and by older physicians and physicians in surgical subspecialties. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuaki Tagashira
- Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naofumi Yamane
- Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Miyahara
- Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Azusa Orihara
- Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Uehara
- Department of Infection Control Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Hiramatsu
- Department of Infection Control Science, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Honda
- Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
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Ohashi Y, Katsuta T, Tani H, Okabayashi T, Miyahara S, Miyashita R. Human cold stress of strong local-wind "Hijikawa-arashi" in Japan, based on the UTCI index and thermo-physiological responses. Int J Biometeorol 2018; 62:1241-1250. [PMID: 29602964 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-018-1529-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the cold stress caused by a strong local wind called "Hijikawa-arashi," through in situ vital measurements and the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI). This wind is a very interesting winter phenomenon, localized in an area within 1 km of the seashore in Ozu City, Ehime Prefecture in Japan. When a strong Hijikawa-arashi (HA) occurred at 14-15 m s-1, the UTCI decreased to - 30 °C along the bridge where commuting residents are the most exposed to strong and cold winds. On the bridge, most participants in our experiment felt "very cold" or "extremely cold." The UTCI of HA can be predicted from a multiple regression equation using wind speed and air temperature. The cold HA wind is also harmful to human thermo-physiological responses. It leads to higher blood pressure and increased heart rate, both of which act as cardiovascular stress triggers. Increases of 6-10 mmHg and 3-6 bpm for every 10 °C reduction in UTCI were seen on all observational days, including HA and non-HA days. In fact, the participants' body skin temperatures decreased by approximately 1.2 to 1.7 °C for every 10 °C reduction in UTCI. Thus, the UTCI variation due to the HA outbreak corresponded well with the cold sensation and thermo-physiological responses in humans. This result suggests that daily UTCI monitoring enables the prediction of thermo-physiological responses to the HA cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukitaka Ohashi
- Faculty of Biosphere-Geosphere Science, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridai-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama City, Okayama, 700-0005, Japan.
| | - Takumi Katsuta
- Faculty of Biosphere-Geosphere Science, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridai-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama City, Okayama, 700-0005, Japan
| | - Haruka Tani
- Faculty of Biosphere-Geosphere Science, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridai-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama City, Okayama, 700-0005, Japan
| | - Taiki Okabayashi
- Faculty of Biosphere-Geosphere Science, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridai-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama City, Okayama, 700-0005, Japan
| | - Satoshi Miyahara
- Institute of Environmental Informatics, IDEA Consultants, Inc., 2-2-2 Hayabuchi, Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 224-0025, Japan
| | - Ryoji Miyashita
- Institute of Environmental Informatics, IDEA Consultants, Inc., 2-2-2 Hayabuchi, Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 224-0025, Japan
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14
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Jenke A, Yazdanyar M, Miyahara S, Immohr M, Kistner J, Boeken U, Lichtenberg A, Akhyari P. The Synthetic Adiponectin Receptor Agonist AdipoRon Attenuates Impairment of Cardiac Function Associated with Cardiopulmonary Bypass-induced Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1627884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Jenke
- Klinik für Kardiovaskuläre Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M. Yazdanyar
- Klinik für Kardiovaskuläre Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S. Miyahara
- Klinik für Kardiovaskuläre Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M. Immohr
- Klinik für Kardiovaskuläre Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - J. Kistner
- Klinik für Kardiovaskuläre Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - U. Boeken
- Klinik für Kardiovaskuläre Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A. Lichtenberg
- Klinik für Kardiovaskuläre Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - P. Akhyari
- Klinik für Kardiovaskuläre Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Sugimura Y, Chekhoeva A, Toshmatova M, Miyahara S, Lichtenberg A, Assmann A, Akhyari P. The Effect of Side-Specific Coating with SDF1α and Fibronectin on the In Vivo Cellularization and Degeneration of Rat Aortic Decellularized Implants. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1628074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Sugimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Research Group for Experimental Surgery, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A. Chekhoeva
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Research Group for Experimental Surgery, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M. Toshmatova
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Research Group for Experimental Surgery, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S. Miyahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Research Group for Experimental Surgery, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A. Lichtenberg
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Research Group for Experimental Surgery, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A. Assmann
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Research Group for Experimental Surgery, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - P. Akhyari
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Research Group for Experimental Surgery, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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16
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Ozuru R, Saito M, Kanemaru T, Miyahara S, Villanueva SYAM, Murray GL, Adler B, Fujii J, Yoshida SI. Adipose tissue is the first colonization site of Leptospira interrogans in subcutaneously infected hamsters. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172973. [PMID: 28245231 PMCID: PMC5330501 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptospirosis is one of the most widespread zoonoses in the world, and its most severe form in humans, “Weil’s disease,” may lead to jaundice, hemorrhage, renal failure, pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome, and sometimes,fatal multiple organ failure. Although the mechanisms underlying jaundice in leptospirosis have been gradually unraveled, the pathophysiology and distribution of leptospires during the early stage of infection are not well understood. Therefore, we investigated the hamster leptospirosis model, which is the accepted animal model of human Weil’s disease, by using an in vivo imaging system to observe the whole bodies of animals infected with Leptospira interrogans and to identify the colonization and growth sites of the leptospires during the early phase of infection. Hamsters, infected subcutaneously with 104 bioluminescent leptospires, were analyzed by in vivo imaging, organ culture, and microscopy. The results showed that the luminescence from the leptospires spread through each hamster’s body sequentially. The luminescence was first detected at the injection site only, and finally spread to the central abdomen, in the liver area. Additionally, the luminescence observed in the adipose tissue was the earliest detectable compared with the other organs, indicating that the leptospires colonized the adipose tissue at the early stage of leptospirosis. Adipose tissue cultures of the leptospires became positive earlier than the blood cultures. Microscopic analysis revealed that the leptospires colonized the inner walls of the blood vessels in the adipose tissue. In conclusion, this is the first study to report that adipose tissue is an important colonization site for leptospires, as demonstrated by microscopy and culture analyses of adipose tissue in the hamster model of Weil’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Ozuru
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Mitsumasa Saito
- Department of Microbiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takaaki Kanemaru
- Morphology Core Unit, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Miyahara
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Gerald L. Murray
- Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ben Adler
- Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jun Fujii
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Yoshida
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Saito M, Villanueva SYAM, Masuzawa T, Haraguchi Y, Ita S, Miyahara S, Ozuru R, Yamaguchi T, Yoshimura M, Ikejiri M, Aramaki N, Amran MY, Muslich LT, Iida KI, Yanagihara Y, Gloriani NG, Yoshida SI. The usefulness of semi-solid medium in the isolation of highly virulentLeptospirastrains from wild rats in an urban area of Fukuoka, Japan. Microbiol Immunol 2015; 59:322-30. [DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsumasa Saito
- Department of Bacteriology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | | | - Toshiyuki Masuzawa
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba Institute of Science; Choshi Chiba Japan
| | - Yusuke Haraguchi
- Department of Bacteriology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Shuhei Ita
- Department of Bacteriology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Satoshi Miyahara
- Department of Bacteriology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Ryo Ozuru
- Department of Bacteriology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Takayoshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Bacteriology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Michinobu Yoshimura
- Department of Bacteriology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Mami Ikejiri
- Department of Bacteriology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Natsumi Aramaki
- Department of Bacteriology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Muhammad Yunus Amran
- Department of Bacteriology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Lisa Tenriesa Muslich
- Department of Bacteriology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Ken-ichiro Iida
- Department of Bacteriology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Yasutake Yanagihara
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba Institute of Science; Choshi Chiba Japan
- Department of Medical Microbiology; College of Public Health, University of the Philippines-Manila; Ermita Manila Philippines
- University of Shizuoka; Shizuoka Japan
| | - Nina G. Gloriani
- Department of Medical Microbiology; College of Public Health, University of the Philippines-Manila; Ermita Manila Philippines
| | - Shin-ichi Yoshida
- Department of Bacteriology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
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18
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Tokunaga M, Akaki M, Ito T, Miyahara S, Miyake A, Kuwahara H, Furukawa N. Magnetic control of transverse electric polarization in BiFeO3. Nat Commun 2015; 6:5878. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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19
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Okita Y, Miyahara S, Matsumori M, Inoue T, Morimoto N, Okada K. 047-I * TOTAL ARCH REPLACEMENT FROM LEFT THORACOTOMY. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivu276.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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20
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Miyahara S, Sakamoto T, Nomura Y, Morimoto N, Inoue T, Matsumori M, Okada K, Okita Y. 328-I * MID-TERM OUTCOMES OF EMERGENT TOTAL ARCH REPLACEMENT FOR ACUTE TYPE A AORTIC DISSECTION. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivu276.328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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21
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Miyahara S, Saito M, Kanemaru T, Villanueva SYAM, Gloriani NG, Yoshida SI. Destruction of the hepatocyte junction by intercellular invasion of Leptospira causes jaundice in a hamster model of Weil's disease. Int J Exp Pathol 2014; 95:271-81. [PMID: 24945433 PMCID: PMC4170969 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Weil's disease, the most severe form of leptospirosis, is characterized by jaundice, haemorrhage and renal failure. The mechanisms of jaundice caused by pathogenic Leptospira remain unclear. We therefore aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by integrating histopathological changes with serum biochemical abnormalities during the development of jaundice in a hamster model of Weil's disease. In this work, we obtained three-dimensional images of infected hamster livers using scanning electron microscope together with freeze-cracking and cross-cutting methods for sample preparation. The images displayed the corkscrew-shaped bacteria, which infiltrated the Disse's space, migrated between hepatocytes, detached the intercellular junctions and disrupted the bile canaliculi. Destruction of bile canaliculi coincided with the elevation of conjugated bilirubin, aspartate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase levels in serum, whereas serum alanine transaminase and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase levels increased slightly, but not significantly. We also found in ex vivo experiments that pathogenic, but not non-pathogenic leptospires, tend to adhere to the perijunctional region of hepatocyte couplets isolated from hamsters and initiate invasion of the intercellular junction within 1 h after co-incubation. Our results suggest that pathogenic leptospires invade the intercellular junctions of host hepatocytes, and this invasion contributes in the disruption of the junction. Subsequently, bile leaks from bile canaliculi and jaundice occurs immediately. Our findings revealed not only a novel pathogenicity of leptospires, but also a novel mechanism of jaundice induced by bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Miyahara
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityFukuoka, Japan
| | - Mitsumasa Saito
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityFukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Sharon Y A M Villanueva
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityFukuoka, Japan
| | - Nina G Gloriani
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines-ManilaManila, Philippines
| | - Shin-ichi Yoshida
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityFukuoka, Japan
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22
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Villanueva SYAM, Saito M, Tsutsumi Y, Segawa T, Baterna RA, Chakraborty A, Asoh T, Miyahara S, Yanagihara Y, Cavinta LL, Gloriani NG, Yoshida SI. High virulence in hamsters of four dominant Leptospira serovars isolated from rats in the Philippines. Microbiology (Reading) 2013; 160:418-428. [PMID: 24257815 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.072439-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Leptospirosis is caused by pathogenic species of Leptospira. The aim of this study was to determine and characterize the pathogenicity of four dominant Leptospira isolates prevailing among rats in the Philippines. The isolates were Leptospira interrogans serovar Manilae strain K64, L. interrogans serovar Losbanos strain K37, L. interrogans serovar Ratnapura strain K5 and Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Javanica strain K6. Pathogenicities were studied using hamsters, which reproduce severe human leptospirosis. The minimum lethal doses were 10(0) ( = 1) leptospires for K64, K37 and K5, and 10(1) leptospires for K6. Weight loss amongst the Leptospira-infected hamsters was observed from 1 day before death (K64-, K37- and K5-infected hamsters) to as much as 1 week before death for K6-infected hamsters. Similar and varied gross and microscopic lesions were observed amongst infected hamsters, even for strains belonging to the same species (i.e. L. interrogans). The most significant and common histopathological findings were congestion of the glomerulus, disarrangement of hepatic cords and erythrophagocytosis. Other findings were foamy splenic macrophages for K6, severe petechial pulmonary haemorrhage for K64, and hematuria and severe pulmonary congestion for K37. Immunostaining and culture revealed the presence of leptospires in different organs of the infected hamsters. Based on these results, Leptospira isolates from rats in the Philippines were shown to be highly virulent, causing pulmonary haemorrhage, severe hepato-renal damage and death in hamsters even at lower doses. The present findings on experimental leptospirosis support clinical data showing that patients with severe manifestations of leptospirosis, such as pulmonary haemorrhage, are increasing in the Philippines. These findings may serve as a basis to strengthen the early diagnosis and treatment of human leptospirosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Y A M Villanueva
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Mitsumasa Saito
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yutaka Tsutsumi
- Department of Pathology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Takaya Segawa
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Rubelia A Baterna
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines-Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Antara Chakraborty
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tatsuma Asoh
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Satoshi Miyahara
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yasutake Yanagihara
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines-Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Lolita L Cavinta
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines-Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Nina G Gloriani
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines-Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Shin-Ichi Yoshida
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Okita Y, Yamanaka K, Nomura Y, Kano H, Miyahara S, Omura A, Sakamoto T, Inoue T, Matsumori M, Okada K. 252 * STRATEGIES FOR THE TREATMENT OF AORTO-OESOPHAGEAL FISTULA. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivt372.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Yamanaka K, Matsumori M, Omura A, Miyahara S, Sakamoto T, Inoue T, Okada K, Okita Y. 251 * SURGICAL STRATEGY FOR AORTIC INFECTION. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivt372.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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25
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Saito M, Villanueva SYAM, Kawamura Y, Iida KI, Tomida J, Kanemaru T, Kohno E, Miyahara S, Umeda A, Amako K, Gloriani NG, Yoshida SI. Leptospira idonii sp. nov., isolated from environmental water. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2012. [PMID: 23203626 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.047233-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Strain Eri-1(T) was isolated from a water sample on the campus of Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. The motility and morphology of the isolate were similar to those of members of the genus Leptospira, but the spiral structure of the isolate was sharper under dark-field microscopy. Cells were 10.6 ± 1.3 µm long and 0.2 µm in diameter, with a wavelength of 0.9 µm and an amplitude of 0.4 µm. Strain Eri-1(T) grew in Korthof's medium at both 13 and 30 °C, and also in the presence of 8-azaguanine. 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic analysis placed strain Eri-1(T) within the radiation of the genus Leptospira where it formed a unique lineage within the clade of the known saprophytic species of the genus Leptospira. The strain was not pathogenic to hamsters. Strain Eri-1(T) exhibited low levels (11.2-12.6 %) of similarity by DNA-DNA hybridization to the three most closely related species of the genus Leptospira. The DNA G+C content of the genome of strain Eri-1(T) was 42.5 ± 0.1 mol%. These results suggest that strain Eri-1(T) represents a novel species of the genus Leptospira, for which the name Leptospira idonii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Eri-1(T) ( = DSM 26084(T) = JCM 18486(T)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsumasa Saito
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Sharon Y A M Villanueva
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kawamura
- Department of Microbiology, Aichigakuin University, School of Pharmacy, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Nagoya 464-8650, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Iida
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Junko Tomida
- Department of Microbiology, Aichigakuin University, School of Pharmacy, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Nagoya 464-8650, Japan
| | - Takaaki Kanemaru
- Department of Morphology Core Unit, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Eri Kohno
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Satoshi Miyahara
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akiko Umeda
- Department of Basic Laboratory Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Amako
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Nina G Gloriani
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines-Manila, 625 Pedro Gil St, Ermita, 1000, Manila, The Philippines
| | - Shin-Ichi Yoshida
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Miyahara S, Portnyagin YI, Forbes JM, Solovjeva TV. Mean zonal acceleration and heating of the 70- to 100-km region. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/90ja02006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Sacktor N, Miyahara S, Deng L, Evans S, Schifitto G, Cohen BA, Paul R, Robertson K, Jarocki B, Scarsi K, Coombs RW, Zink MC, Nath A, Smith E, Ellis RJ, Singer E, Weihe J, McCarthy S, Hosey L, Clifford DB. Minocycline treatment for HIV-associated cognitive impairment: results from a randomized trial. Neurology 2011; 77:1135-42. [PMID: 21900636 PMCID: PMC3174065 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e31822f0412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2011] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We conducted a study of minocycline to assess its safety, tolerability, and efficacy for the treatment of HIV-associated cognitive impairment. METHODS HIV-1-infected individuals with progressive neurocognitive decline were enrolled in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of minocycline. Participants were randomized to receive minocycline 100 mg or matching placebo orally every 12 hours. The primary efficacy measure was change in a neuropsychological test composite z score (NPZ-8) from baseline to week 24. Measures of safety included the frequency of adverse events and changes over time in laboratory tests. After 50% of participants completed the double-blind phase, an interim analysis of futility for the primary outcome measure was performed, and our Data and Safety Monitoring Board recommended early study termination. RESULTS A total of 107 HIV-1-infected individuals with cognitive impairment were enrolled. The minocycline group did not show improvement in the primary outcome measure (NPZ-8) (mean 24-week change = 0.12) compared to placebo (mean 24-week change = 0.17) (95% confidence interval = [-0.26, 0.39], p = 0.70). There were few severe adverse events or laboratory abnormalities in either treatment group. CONCLUSION Minocycline was safe and well-tolerated in individuals with HIV-associated cognitive impairment, but cognitive improvement was not observed. Classification of evidence. This interventional study provides Class II evidence for the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of minocycline for the treatment of HIV-associated cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sacktor
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, 4940 Eastern Ave., 301 Building, Suite 2100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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Chakraborty A, Miyahara S, Villanueva SY, Saito M, Gloriani NG, Yoshida SI. A novel combination of selective agents for isolation of Leptospira species. Microbiol Immunol 2011; 55:494-501. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2011.00347.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Murakawa H, Onose Y, Miyahara S, Furukawa N, Tokura Y. Ferroelectricity induced by spin-dependent metal-ligand hybridization in Ba₂CoGe₂O₇. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 105:137202. [PMID: 21230803 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.137202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the variation of induced ferroelectric polarization under a magnetic field with various directions and magnitudes in a staggered antiferromagnet Ba₂CoGe₂O₇. While the ferroelectric polarization cannot be explained by the well-accepted spin current model nor the exchange striction mechanism, we have shown that it is induced by the spin-dependent p-d hybridization between the transition metal (Co) and ligand (O) via the spin-orbit interaction. On the basis of the correspondence between the direction of electric polarization and the magnetic state, we have also demonstrated the electrical control of the magnetization direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Murakawa
- Multiferroics Project, ERATO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), c/o Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Morris DW, Trivedi MH, Husain MM, Fava M, Budhwar N, Wisniewski SR, Miyahara S, Gollan JK, Davis LL, Daly EJ, Rush AJ. Indicators of pretreatment suicidal ideation in adults with major depressive disorder. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2010; 121:480-4. [PMID: 19958307 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2009.01516.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In order to evaluate the presence of treatment emergent suicidal ideation (SI), it becomes necessary to identify those patients with SI at the onset of treatment. The purpose of this report is to identify sociodemographic and clinical features that are associated with SI in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients prior to treatment with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. METHOD This multisite study enrolled 265 out-patients with non-psychotic MDD. Sociodemographic and clinical features of participants with and without SI were compared post hoc. RESULTS Social phobia, bulimia nervosa, number of past depressive episodes, and race were independently associated with SI by one or more SI measure. CONCLUSION Concurrent social phobia and bulimia nervosa may be potential risk factors for SI in patients with non-psychotic MDD. Additionally, patients with more than one past depressive episode may also be at increased risk of SI.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Morris
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9119, USA.
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Obuchi T, Miyahara S, Higuchi T, Hamatake D, Imakiire T, Ueno T, Yoshinaga Y, Shiraishi T, Shirakusa T, Iwasaki A. Prognosis of patients after pulmonary artery plasty for non-small cell lung cancer. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2010; 57:484-8. [PMID: 20013624 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1185850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated the clinical outcomes of patients after lung resection with pulmonary artery (PA) plasty for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS From 1995 to 2006, 36 patients (26 males and 10 females) with NSCLC underwent lobectomy or segmentectomy with PA plasty at our institution. The mean age of the patients was 65.9 years old (range 45-87 years old). There were 17 left upper lobectomies, 10 right upper lobectomies, five left lower lobectomies, two right upper-and-middle bilobectomies, one right lower lobectomy, and one left upper division segmentectomy. Both bronchoplasty and PA plasty were performed in 15 patients. Six patients received preoperative chemotherapy, and one had preoperative radiotherapy. RESULTS The postoperative morbidity rate was 27.8 % (10/36), and the mortality rate (30 days) was 2.8 % (1/36). One patient underwent completion pneumonectomy on postoperative day 13. Macroscopic residual cancer was identified in two patients at the thoracic wall and aorta, respectively; microscopic residual cancers were identified in two patients at the stumps of the pulmonary artery and in one patient at the bronchial stump. Postoperative radiation therapy was additionally given to those four patients, except one. The 5-year survival rate for all patients was 51.8 %. There was no significant difference in the 5-year survival rate between clinical N (cN) 0-1 patients and cN2 patients. However, in pathological N (pN) 0-1 patients, the 5-year survival rate was significantly better than that of pN2 patients (71.9 % versus 0.0 %; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS PA plasty for NSCLC is acceptable and highly recommended for pN0-1 patients. Strict patient selection should be considered so as to avoid surgical operations in patients with pN2 staging.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Obuchi
- Thoracic Surgery, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Nierenberg AA, Husain MM, Trivedi MH, Fava M, Warden D, Wisniewski SR, Miyahara S, Rush AJ. Residual symptoms after remission of major depressive disorder with citalopram and risk of relapse: a STAR*D report. Psychol Med 2010; 40:41-50. [PMID: 19460188 PMCID: PMC5886713 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291709006011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) who experience full symptomatic remission after antidepressant treatment still have residual depressive symptoms. We describe the types and frequency of residual depressive symptoms and their relationship to subsequent depressive relapse after treatment with citalopram in the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) trial. METHOD Participants in primary (n=18) and psychiatric (n=23) practice settings were openly treated with citalopram using measurement-based care for up to 14 weeks and follow-up for up to 1 year. We assessed 943 (32.8% of 2876) participants who met criteria for remission to determine the proportions with individual residual symptoms and any of the nine DSM-IV criterion symptom domains to define a major depressive episode. At each visit, the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, Self-Report (QIDS-SR16) and the self-report Frequency, Intensity, and Burden of Side Effects Rating (FIBSER) scale were used to assessed depressive symptoms and side-effects respectively. RESULTS More than 90% of remitters had at least one residual depressive symptom (median=3). The most common were weight increase (71.3%) and mid-nocturnal insomnia (54.9%). The most common residual symptom domains were sleep disturbance (71.7%) and appetite/weight disturbance (35.9%). Those who remitted before 6 weeks had fewer residual symptoms at study exit than did later remitters. Residual sleep disturbance did not predict relapse during follow-up. Having a greater number of residual symptom domains was associated with a higher probability of relapse. CONCLUSIONS Patients with remission of MDD after treatment with citalopram continue to experience selected residual depressive symptoms, which increase the risk of relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Nierenberg
- Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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Takahashi Y, Kida N, Yamasaki Y, Fujioka J, Arima T, Shimano R, Miyahara S, Mochizuki M, Furukawa N, Tokura Y. Evidence for an electric-dipole active continuum band of spin excitations in multiferroic TbMnO3. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:187201. [PMID: 18999857 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.187201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2008] [Revised: 08/05/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The wide range optical spectra on a multiferroic prototype TbMnO3 have been investigated to clarify the origin of spin excitations observed in the far-infrared region. We elucidate the full band structure, whose high energy edge (133 cm;{-1}) exactly corresponds to twice of the highest-lying magnon energy. Thus the origin of this absorption band is clearly assigned to two-magnon excitation driven by the electric field of light. There is an overlap between the two-magnon and phonon energy ranges, where the strong coupling between them is manifested by the frequency shift and transfer of oscillator strength of the phonon mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Takahashi
- Multiferroics Project, ERATO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Japan c/o Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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Iwama D, Miyahara S, Tamura H, Miyamoto K, Hirose F, Yoshimura N. Lack of inducible nitric oxide synthases attenuates leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in retinal microcirculation. Br J Ophthalmol 2008; 92:694-8. [PMID: 18441175 PMCID: PMC2569143 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2007.131151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the effect of inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS) on inflammatory reactions during endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in mice by studying leukocyte–endothelial cell interactions. Methods: EIU was produced in immunosuppressed iNOS−/− mice and C57BL/6 (normal) mice by footpad injection of lipopolysaccharide. Leukocytes were labelled with acridine orange. Leukocyte rolling in the retinal microcirculation was evaluated in vivo with acridine orange digital fluorography. The number of migrated leukocytes was counted in flat-mounted retina. Results: Both leukocyte rolling and migration peaked at 48 h after lipopolysaccharide injection. The maximal numbers of rolling leukocytes in the immunosuppressed iNOS−/− mouse retina decreased by 98.2% (p<0.001) compared with that in the normal mouse retina at 48 h after lipopolysaccharide injection. In addition, the maximal numbers of migrated leukocytes in the immunosuppressed iNOS−/− mouse retina decreased by 74.0% (p<0.001) compared with that in the normal mouse retina at 24 h after lipopolysaccharide injection. Furthermore, the diameters of major retinal veins of the immunosuppressed iNOS−/− group were smaller at both 24 and 48 h after lipopolysaccharide injection than were those of the normal group (p<0.001, respectively). Conclusions: A lack of iNOS suppresses leukocyte–endothelial cell interactions in the retinas of mice with EIU. This suggests that iNOS may play a role in the management of patients with uveitis and other inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Iwama
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Miyahara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Otsu Red Cross Hospital, Otsu, Japan
| | - H Tamura
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Miyamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - F Hirose
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - N Yoshimura
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Iwama D, Miyamoto K, Miyahara S, Tamura H, Tsujikawa A, Yamashiro K, Kiryu J, Yoshimura N. Neuroprotective effect of cilostazol against retinal ischemic damage via inhibition of leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions. J Thromb Haemost 2007; 5:818-25. [PMID: 17408412 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02425.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cilostazol, a selective platelet phosphodiesterase inhibitor, has been shown to reduce neuronal injury after transient cerebral ischemia. Its neuroprotective effect is thought to result from an antiplatelet function. This study was designed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of cilostazol against retinal ischemic damage focusing on leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions. METHODS Retinal ischemia was induced for 60 min in male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 144) by temporary ligation of the optic sheath. Cilostazol was administered just before ischemia induction. Leukocyte behavior in the retinal microcirculation was evaluated in vivo with scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and ex vivo with fluorescence microscopy. Retinal expression of P-selectin, intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor were evaluated by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Ischemia-induced retinal damage was evaluated histologically. RESULTS Treatment with cilostazol significantly suppressed leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions; the maximal numbers of rolling leukocytes were reduced by 77.6% (P < 0.01) 12 h after ischemia. Twenty-four hours after ischemia, adherent and accumulated leukocytes were also suppressed by treatment with cilostazol (36.1% and 20.4% respectively, P < 0.01). The expressions of P-selectin and ICAM-1 mRNA were suppressed significantly in cilostazol-treated retinas (P < 0.05). The retinal histological examination demonstrated a significant protective effect of cilostazol against ischemia-induced retinal damage (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrates that cilostazol attenuates retinal injury after transient ischemia via inhibition of leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions. This inhibitory effect on postischemic leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions might partially contribute to its neuroprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Iwama
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
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Clémancey M, Mayaffre H, Berthier C, Horvatić M, Fouet JB, Miyahara S, Mila F, Chiari B, Piovesana O. Field-induced staggered magnetization and magnetic ordering in Cu2(C5H12N2)2Cl4. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 97:167204. [PMID: 17155431 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.167204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We present a 2D NMR investigation of the gapped spin-1/2 compound Cu2(C5H10N2D2)2Cl4. Our measurements reveal the presence of a magnetic field-induced transverse staggered magnetization (TSM) which persists well below and above the field-induced 3D long-range magnetically ordered (FIMO) phase. The symmetry of this TSM is different from that of the TSM induced by the order parameter of the FIMO phase. Its origin, field dependence, and symmetry can be explained by an intradimer Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, as shown by DMRG calculations on a spin-1/2 ladder. This leads us to predict that the transition into the FIMO phase is not in the BEC universality class.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Clémancey
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie Physique, Université J Fourier & UMR5588 CNRS, Boîte Postale 87, 38402, Saint Martin d'Hères, France
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Otto MW, Simon NM, Wisniewski SR, Miklowitz DJ, Kogan JN, Reilly-Harrington NA, Frank E, Nierenberg AA, Marangell LB, Sagduyu K, Weiss RD, Miyahara S, Thas ME, Sachs GS, Pollack MH. Prospective 12-month course of bipolar disorder in out-patients with and without comorbid anxiety disorders. Br J Psychiatry 2006; 189:20-5. [PMID: 16816301 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.104.007773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of anxiety disorders has not been well delineated in prospective studies of bipolar disorder. AIMS To examine the association between anxiety and course of bipolar disorder, as defined by mood episodes, quality of life and role functioning. METHOD A thousand thousand out-patients with bipolar disorder were followed prospectively for 1 year. RESULTS A current comorbid anxiety disorder (present in 31.9% of participants) was associated with fewer days well, a lower likelihood of timely recovery from depression, risk of earlier relapse, lower quality of life and diminished role function over I year of prospective study. The negative impact was greater with multiple anxiety disorders. CONCLUSIONS Anxiety disorders, including those present during relative euthymia, predicted a poorer bipolar course. The detrimental effects of anxiety were not simply a feature of mood state. Treatment studies targeting anxiety disorders will help to clarify the nature of the impact of anxiety on bipolar course.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Otto
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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Murase T, Miyahara S, Sato T, Otsuki K, Holt P. Isolation of Salmonella Organisms from Commercial Layer Houses Where the Flocks Were Molted with a Wheat Bran Diet. J APPL POULTRY RES 2006. [DOI: 10.1093/japr/15.1.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Miyahara S, Miyahara N, Matsubara S, Koya T, Takeda K, Gelfand E. The Role of IL-13 in the Development of Allergic Rhinitis in Mice. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.1075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Miyahara N, Taube C, Ott V, Swanson B, Takeda K, Miyahara S, Matsubara S, Koya T, Loader J, Shultz L, Tager A, Luster A, Dakhama A, Gelfand E. The Leukotriene B4 Receptor (BLT1) is Required for Effector CD8+ T-Cell-Mediated, Mast Cell-Dependent Airway Hyperresponsiveness. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Koya T, Takeda K, Matsubara S, Miyahara N, Miyahara S, Swasey C, Barhorn A, Joetham A, Dakhama A, Gelfand E. In Vitro and in Vivo Effects of IL-10-Treated Dendritic Cells on Airway Allergic Inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Tamura H, Kiryu J, Miyamoto K, Nishijima K, Katsuta H, Miyahara S, Hirose F, Honda Y, Yoshimura N. In vivo evaluation of ocular inflammatory responses in experimental diabetes. Br J Ophthalmol 2005; 89:1052-7. [PMID: 16024864 PMCID: PMC1772776 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2004.061929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetic patients may have abnormal inflammatory reactions to foreign or endogenous stimuli. This study was designed to evaluate inflammatory reactions in the diabetic eye through retinal leucocyte dynamics in the inflamed eyes of diabetic rats. METHODS Three weeks after diabetes induction in Long-Evans rats, endotoxin induced uveitis was produced by footpad injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). After LPS injection, leucocyte behaviour was evaluated in vivo by acridine orange digital fluorography. RESULTS The number of rolling leucocytes increased in a biphasic manner at 12 hours and 48 hours. The number of leucocytes accumulating in the retina reached a peak at 72 hours. The maximal numbers of rolling and accumulating leucocytes in the diabetic retina decreased by 56.3% (p<0.01) and 46.7% (p<0.0001), respectively, compared with the non-diabetic retina. The levels of mRNA expression of adhesion molecules in the retina, which were upregulated after LPS injection, were also lower in diabetic rats than in non-diabetic rats. CONCLUSION This study is the first to show that endotoxin induced inflammation is disturbed in the diabetic eye, based on evidence that the leucocyte-endothelial cell interactions stimulated by LPS were suppressed in the diabetic retina. These findings support the theory that ocular inflammatory reactions are impaired in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tamura
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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Hara H, Ihara S, Ando H, Miyahara S, Ichiki K, Doki Y, Tsuda M, Usuda K, Misaki T. [Irrigation for the post-pneumonectomy empyema infected by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus without broncho-pleural fistula; report of a successful case]. Kyobu Geka 2003; 56:597-601. [PMID: 12854472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
It has been known that treatments of post-pneumonectomy empyema are difficult. We report a successful case of irrigation for the post-pneumonectomy. The patient was 68-year-old man with advanced lung cancer. He underwent induction chemoradiotherapy following by pneumonectomy of the right side. A few days later after the chest drain was withdrawn, spike fever appeared. Empyema was suspected, so a 28 Fr diameter double lumen chest drain was intubated again. Turbid effusion was discharged through the drain, in which methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was cultured. Irrigation using a lot of saline and acid electrolyzed water started. A month later, irrigator through the drain was looking clear, however, MRSA was cultured so far. After putting minomycine into the irrigator, MRSA died away. This physical and chemical irrigations were effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hara
- First Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Toyama, Japan
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Kudo A, Kubota T, Zheng J, Sasaki T, Kauri T, Miyahara S. Measurement of Nagasaki Pu Global Transport Rates, Comparing with SO 2 from Historic Volcanic Eruptions. J NUCL SCI TECHNOL 2002. [DOI: 10.1080/00223131.2002.10875525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Kudo
- Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, Kumatori, Osaka-fu 590-0494, Japan
| | - T. Kubota
- Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, Kumatori, Osaka-fu 590-0494, Japan
| | - J. Zheng
- Ggeological Survey of Canada, Natural Resources of Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - T. Sasaki
- Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, Kumatori, Osaka-fu 590-0494, Japan
| | - T. Kauri
- ICPET, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - S. Miyahara
- Faculty of Fisheries, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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Kodama K, Takigawa M, Horvatić M, Berthier C, Kageyama H, Ueda Y, Miyahara S, Becca F, Mila F. Magnetic superstructure in the two-dimensional quantum antiferromagnet SrCu2(BO3)2. Science 2002; 298:395-9. [PMID: 12376697 DOI: 10.1126/science.1075045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
We report the observation of magnetic superstructure in a magnetization plateau state of SrCu2(BO3)2, a frustrated quasi-two-dimensional quantum spin system. The Cu and B nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra at 35 millikelvin indicate an apparently discontinuous phase transition from uniform magnetization to a modulated superstructure near 27 tesla, above which a magnetization plateau at 1/8 of the full saturation has been observed. Comparison of the Cu NMR spectrum and the theoretical analysis of a Heisenberg spin model demonstrates the crystallization of itinerant triplets in the plateau phase within a large rhomboid unit cell (16 spins per layer) showing oscillations of the spin polarization. Thus, we are now in possession of an interesting model system to study a localization transition of strongly interacting quantum particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kodama
- Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
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Sakota J, Kaneko K, Miyahara S, Mogami A, Shimamura Y, Iwase H, Kurosawa H. Recurrent palmar dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint. A case report. Chir Main 2002; 21:301-4. [PMID: 12491708 DOI: 10.1016/s1297-3203(02)00132-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Recurrent palmar dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint is not a common injury. We report one case in a 73-year-old female. This injury was incorrectly diagnosed at the first presentation because there has been no distinct deformity at the wrist and extension-flexion was normal. The need for proper physical examination and accurate radiographic positioning is stressed. Distal diaphysis resection combined with distal radioulnar arthrodesis (modified Sauve-Kapandji procedure) was the preferred method of treatment in an old patient. Two years after the injury, the patient was asymptomatic.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sakota
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Miyahara S, Nakajima K, Yamashita A, Kotoh K, Misaki T. [The treatment for the acute occlusion of a coronary artery by PTCA failure with the acute occlusion of a femoral artery by the IABP insertion]. Kyobu Geka 2002; 55:227-9. [PMID: 11889812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
A 68-year-old woman had the acute occlusion of a coronary artery by PTCA failure acute occlusion of a femoral artery by the IABP insertion. The patient underwent on pump beating coronary bypass and axillo-femoral bypass simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Miyahara
- Department of Surgery 1, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Toyama, Japan
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Tsuji M, Miyahara S, Taoka F, Teshima M. An estimation of economic effects of tele-home-care: hospital cost-savings of the elderly. Stud Health Technol Inform 2002; 84:858-62. [PMID: 11604857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Tele-home-care (or tele-medicine) is being implemented by the application of multimedia such as CATV and ISDN. In this paper, by focusing on the so-called "social hospitalization of the aged," we carry out an estimation of the extent to which tele-home-care based on multimedia can help in saving the cost of hospitalization of the aged in the future. Estimation consists of the following two parts. First, we estimate the trends of the aged population and their hospital expenses using the regression analysis. Second, we assume that new technology such as multimedia and new medical instruments develop according to a logistic curve. Thus, we estimate the rate of diffusion of CATV and ISDN by logistic curves. Then, by multiplying this number by hospital costs per elderly patient as estimated previously, we have been able to calculate the extent to which hospitalization costs can be saved in the entire economy. Our results indicated that in the year 2050, US$257.3 billion, or nearly 7.4% of total hospitalization costs of the aged could be saved by tele-home-care.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tsuji
- Osaka School of International Public Policy (OSIPP), Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan.
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Shirasaka T, Miyahara S, Kunitake T, Jin QH, Kato K, Takasaki M, Kannan H. Orexin depolarizes rat hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus neurons. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2001; 281:R1114-8. [PMID: 11557617 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.2001.281.4.r1114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Orexins, also called hypocretins, are newly discovered hypothalamic peptides that are thought to be involved in various physiological functions. In spite of the fact that orexin receptors, especially orexin receptor 2, are abundant in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), the effects of orexins on PVN neurons remain unknown. Using a whole cell patch-clamp recording technique, we investigated the effects of orexin-B on PVN neurons of rat brain slices. Bath application of orexin-B (0.01-1.0 microM) depolarized 80.8% of type 1 (n = 26) and 79.2% of type 2 neurons tested (n = 24) in the PVN in a concentration-dependent manner. The effects of orexin-B persisted in the presence of TTX (1 microM), indicating that these depolarizing effects were generated postsynaptically. Addition of Cd(2+) (1 mM) to artificial cerebrospinal fluid containing TTX (1 microM) significantly reduced the depolarizing effect in type 2 neurons. These results suggest that orexin-B has excitatory effects on the PVN neurons mediated via a depolarization of the membrane potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Shirasaka
- Department of Anesthesiology, Miyazaki Medical College, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 889 - 1692, Japan
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Abstract
Macrophage-derived inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), have been shown to play a central role in aggravation of acute pancreatitis (AP), but little is known about their roles in liver injury. We investigated the pathogenesis of the liver injury in AP and assessed the efficacy of arterial infusion of an antibiotic via the superior mesenteric artery (SMA). Infusion of saline (group A) or imipenem (group B) was started 6 hours after induction of AP in dogs by intraductal administration of autologous gallbladder bile. The survival rate in group B was significantly improved compared with group A. Serum alanine aminotransferase levels in peripheral blood and endotoxin levels in portal vein blood were both significantly higher at 18 hours in group A than in group B. When hepatocytes and Kupffer cells were isolated at 18 hours and cultured for 24 hours thereafter, there was significant exacerbation of the hepatocyte injury and significantly greater production of TNF-alpha in the coculture of hepatocytes and Kupffer cells in group A, indicating that the Kupffer cells had been activated. By contrast, both of these manifestations were significantly mitigated in group B. These findings suggest that TNF-alpha secreted by endotoxin-activated Kupffer cells contributes to liver injury in AP, and that SMA infusion of an antibiotic mitigates the liver injury by controlling endotoxin translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Miyahara
- First Department of Surgery, Mie University School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
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