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Hanna S, Palmadottir V, Penar PL, Boyd JT. Pallidal stimulation-induced psychosis and suicidality in Parkinson's disease. Clin Park Relat Disord 2022; 8:100175. [PMID: 36594072 PMCID: PMC9803938 DOI: 10.1016/j.prdoa.2022.100175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric adverse events have been previously reported following deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson's disease (PD). Most cases described have involved DBS of the subthalamic nucleus (STN). We report a unique case of acute-onset and reversible psychosis, suicidality, and depressive symptoms following DBS of the globus pallidus internus (GPi) and review the relevant literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Hanna
- University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, United States
| | | | - Paul L Penar
- University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, United States
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, United States
| | - James T Boyd
- University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, United States
- Department of Neurological Sciences, United States
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Hanna S, Thomas A. NCMP-22. TREATING PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY (PML) WITH PEMBROLIZUMAB: A SINGLE INSTITUTION EXPERIENCE. Neuro Oncol 2022. [PMCID: PMC9661054 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac209.750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
PML is a rapidly progressive demyelinating disease, occurring in immunocompromised patients due to the opportunistic JC virus. The highest mortality rates are seen among patients with cancer treated with immunosuppressive therapy and for whom immune reconstitution is not possible. In 2019, the National Institutes of Health reported clinical benefit in patients with PML treated with pembrolizumab. We report our institutional experience with pembrolizumab for three patients with PML after exposure to rituximab and other chemotherapy. CASE PRESENTATION: The first patient was a 75-year-old woman with a history of psoriatic arthritis and bullous pemphigoid treated with rituximab. Eight months after rituximab exposure she presented with right hemiparesis and word-finding difficulty. PML was diagnosed based on positive JC virus DNA in cerebrospinal fluid by PCR. She received two doses of pembrolizumab with improvement in her neurological symptoms. Shortly after her second dose she contracted COVID-19 and died at her nursing home. The second patient was a 47-year-old man with a history of T cell/histiocyte large B-cell lymphoma treated with R-CHOP with salvage DHAP chemotherapy followed by BEAM and autologous stem cell transplant, with complete remission. Seven months post-transplant he presented with a rapidly progressive hemianopsia and aphasia, and PML was confirmed by brain biopsy. He received one dose of pembrolizumab but worsened and died of neurological deterioration secondary to PML. The third patient was a 73-year-old man with a history of mantle cell lymphoma previously treated with rituximab and bendamustine, who presented with acalculia and aphasia 14 months after rituximab exposure. PML was confirmed by brain biopsy, and he was treated with pembrolizumab with improvement in his neuro-cognitive functioning.
CONCLUSIONS
We observed neurological improvement following pembrolizumab treatment for PML in two of three patients, with one patient experiencing a durable response that is ongoing 3 years following PML diagnosis.
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Siqueira G, Marta G, Hanna S, Moura L, Miranda F, Carvalho H. PO-1213 Moderately hypofractionated irradiation for breast cancer: A Brazilian institution experience. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03177-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Marta G, Starling M, Hanna S, Pereira A. PO-1144 Determinants of survical on Brazilian pediatric patients with high grade gliomas. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03108-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Erotocritou M, Prasad A, Burns S, Haddo O, Bartlett W, Mavroveli S, Hanna S, Berber O. 458 Patient Willingness to Undergo Elective Orthopaedic Surgery in Relation to the COVID-19 Outbreak. Br J Surg 2021. [PMCID: PMC8135673 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab135.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective To determine patients’ willingness to undergo elective orthopaedic surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method 4 groups of patients were chosen based on type of surgery. A telephone survey was conducted, including questions on diagnosis, symptom duration, pain severity, co-morbidities, anxiety levels for COVID-19 and surgery. Patients were given the conditions for surgery and asked whether they would undergo surgery, have the operation carried out by another consultant and any factors that would increase their confidence. Results Of 200 patients, 156 participated (78%). 78.2% were willing to undergo surgery. There was a statistically significant difference in willingness between age groups 40-49 (100%) and 80 + (58.3%). Differences in willingness between surgery types, BOA risk class, sex, symptom duration and pain scores, were not statistically significant. Patients unwilling to undergo surgery reported statistically higher anxiety scores for health (4.39) and surgery (4.62) compared to the willing group (2.89 and 2.71 respectively). Patients’ main concern was contracting COVID (35.2%). Conclusions Our study demonstrated that the majority of patients were willing to undergo surgery. This can be used to inform strategies for resuming elective surgeries. It has also highlighted several areas in patient perception that warrant further investigation and the importance of enhanced consent on the specific risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Erotocritou
- Whittington Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Prasad
- Whittington Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Burns
- Whittington Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - O Haddo
- Whittington Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - W Bartlett
- Whittington Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Mavroveli
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Hanna
- Royal London NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - O Berber
- Whittington Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Marta G, Miranda F, Silva A, Hanna S, Neves Jr W, De Arruda F, Mancini A, Gadia R, Moraes F. PO-1253: Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy for spinal metastases: Experience at a Brazilian Institution. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)01271-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Fritz AJ, Hong D, Boyd J, Kost J, Finstaad KH, Fitzgerald MP, Hanna S, Abuarqoub AH, Malik M, Bushweller J, Tye C, Ghule P, Gordon J, Zaidi SK, Frietze S, Lian JB, Stein JL, Stein GS. RUNX1 and RUNX2 transcription factors function in opposing roles to regulate breast cancer stem cells. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:7261-7272. [PMID: 32180230 PMCID: PMC7415511 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are competent to initiate tumor formation and growth and refractory to conventional therapies. Consequently BCSCs are implicated in tumor recurrence. Many signaling cascades associated with BCSCs are critical for epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We developed a model system to mechanistically examine BCSCs in basal-like breast cancer using MCF10AT1 FACS sorted for CD24 (negative/low in BCSCs) and CD44 (positive/high in BCSCs). Ingenuity Pathway Analysis comparing RNA-seq on the CD24-/low versus CD24+/high MCF10AT1 indicates that the top activated upstream regulators include TWIST1, TGFβ1, OCT4, and other factors known to be increased in BCSCs and during EMT. The top inhibited upstream regulators include ESR1, TP63, and FAS. Consistent with our results, many genes previously demonstrated to be regulated by RUNX factors are altered in BCSCs. The RUNX2 interaction network is the top significant pathway altered between CD24-/low and CD24+/high MCF10AT1. RUNX1 is higher in expression at the RNA level than RUNX2. RUNX3 is not expressed. While, human-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction primers demonstrate that RUNX1 and CDH1 decrease in human MCF10CA1a cells that have grown tumors within the murine mammary fat pad microenvironment, RUNX2 and VIM increase. Treatment with an inhibitor of RUNX binding to CBFβ for 5 days followed by a 7-day recovery period results in EMT suggesting that loss of RUNX1, rather than increase in RUNX2, is a driver of EMT in early stage breast cancer. Increased understanding of RUNX regulation on BCSCs and EMT will provide novel insight into therapeutic strategies to prevent recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Fritz
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Deli Hong
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Joseph Boyd
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Jason Kost
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Kristiaan H. Finstaad
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Mark P. Fitzgerald
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Sebastian Hanna
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Alqassem H. Abuarqoub
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Miles Malik
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - John Bushweller
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville VA
| | - Coralee Tye
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Prachi Ghule
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Jonathan Gordon
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Sayyed K. Zaidi
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Seth Frietze
- Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences
| | - Jane B. Lian
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Janet L. Stein
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Gary S. Stein
- Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
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Hartrampf N, Saebi A, Poskus M, Gates ZP, Callahan AJ, Cowfer AE, Hanna S, Antilla S, Schissel CK, Quartararo AJ, Ye X, Mijalis AJ, Simon MD, Loas A, Liu S, Jessen C, Nielsen TE, Pentelute BL. Synthesis of proteins by automated flow chemistry. Science 2020; 368:980-987. [PMID: 32467387 DOI: 10.1126/science.abb2491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ribosomes can produce proteins in minutes and are largely constrained to proteinogenic amino acids. Here, we report highly efficient chemistry matched with an automated fast-flow instrument for the direct manufacturing of peptide chains up to 164 amino acids long over 327 consecutive reactions. The machine is rapid: Peptide chain elongation is complete in hours. We demonstrate the utility of this approach by the chemical synthesis of nine different protein chains that represent enzymes, structural units, and regulatory factors. After purification and folding, the synthetic materials display biophysical and enzymatic properties comparable to the biologically expressed proteins. High-fidelity automated flow chemistry is an alternative for producing single-domain proteins without the ribosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hartrampf
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - A Saebi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - M Poskus
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Z P Gates
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - A J Callahan
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - A E Cowfer
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - S Hanna
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - S Antilla
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - C K Schissel
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - A J Quartararo
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - X Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - A J Mijalis
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - M D Simon
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - A Loas
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - S Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - C Jessen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Måløv, Denmark
| | - T E Nielsen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Måløv, Denmark
| | - B L Pentelute
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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Lapuz C, Hanna S, Ong W, Lim A. EP-2222: Intrafractional applicator shifts in MRI adaptive high dose rate brachytherapy for cervical cancer. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)32531-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Aapro M, Chrostowski S, Florindi F, Gandouet B, Hanna S, Hazarika R, Hess R, de Lorenzo F, Muthu V, Oliver K, Roediger A, Rosvall-Puplett T, Ryll B, Spurrier G, Steinmann K, Szucs T, Wait S, Wierinck L, Yared W. All.Can initiative: improving efficiency in cancer care. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx375.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Abstract
The results of 62 consecutive MR examinations were correlated with the subsequent clinical course and histologic results. Twenty-six cases of rejection showed a marked diminution of cortico-medullary differentiation (CMD). The renal parenchymal vascular pattern and visibility of renal sinus fat were not markedly altered in rejection and there was no difference between normal and rejected allograft shape. The ability of MR imaging to diagnose renal transplant rejection is only based on CMD, which, however, is non-specific. In 2 cases of severe acute rejection, T2 weighted images showed an abnormal signal intensity of the cortex due to renal infarction. Our preliminary results in 8 patients with Gd-DOTA injection showed 2 cases with necrosis seen as areas with absent contrast enhancement. This technique seems to be promising in the detection of perfusion defects.
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El-Ghamrawi K, El-Haddad M, Hanna S, Ali A, Kamal M. Hypofractionated Simultaneous Integrated Boost (SIB) versus Conventional Fractionation in Localized Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Pilot Study. Gulf J Oncolog 2015; 1:44-53. [PMID: 26003105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy has comparable results in the treatment of localized prostate cancer. High dose external irradiation entails a prolonged 7-8 weeks of treatment with significant inconvenience to elderly patients. Hypofractionated regimen in prostate cancer depends on the distinctive radiobiological properties of prostate cancer cells; their relative low alpha beta ratio compared to that for late-reacting rectal tissue allows for significant dose escalation per fraction without expected increase in late normal tissue reaction. PATIENTS AND MATERIALS Between July 2012 and December 2013, twenty patients were blindly randomized into two groups. The planning target volume in the study group received 65Gy to 67.5Gy/25 fractions over 5 weeks. The patients in the control arm received 74Gy to 78Gy in 2Gy/fraction. Cost-benefit was evaluated for both regimens. RESULTS Both groups were comparable regarding risk factors, with no significant statistical differences. Four patients in the study group developed grade 2 urinary toxicity and one patient had grade 3 during treatment. At six months no patient had urinary symptoms. In the control arm 4 patients have grade 2 toxicity during treatment which disappeared at six months. The two groups showed no statistical difference in the mean quality of life. Serum PSA reached a nadir value of 0.02 and 0.04 in the study and control groups respectively at 3 month post-treatment. The cost of treatment for the study group was 25000 L.E. per patient compared to 40000 L.E. in the control group. The hypofractionated group consumed 31138 MU compared to 45611 MU for the control group with a p-value of 0.015. CONCLUSION Hypofractionated IMRT with concomitant boost for localized cancer prostate is a feasible option with lesser cost and comparable toxicities. Longer followup is required to assess the late effects before recommending it as a standard of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- K El-Ghamrawi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Cairo University Hospital, Egypt
| | - M El-Haddad
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Cairo University Hospital, Egypt
| | - S Hanna
- Department of Radiology, Cairo University Hospital, Egypt
| | - A Ali
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Cairo University Hospital, Egypt
| | - M Kamal
- Radiation Physics unit, Cairo University Hospital, Egypt
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Moraes F, Leite E, Santini F, Marta G, Hanna S, Silva J, Carvalho H. Trial Sponsorship, Self Reported Conflicts of Interest of Authors (COI) and Non–Drug Related Randomized Clinical Trial (rRCT) in Prostate Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.1413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ibáñez-García GO, Goldstein P, Hanna S. Brownian dynamics simulations of confined tethered polymers in shear flow: the effect of attractive surfaces. Eur Phys J E Soft Matter 2013; 36:56. [PMID: 23715882 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2013-13056-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Revised: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Coarse grain Brownian dynamics simulations of the bead-spring model are used to investigate the effect of attractive surfaces on the stretching of confined tethered polymers under shear flow. The weak and strong adsorbed regimes have been addressed by means of a coarse grain van der Waals potential to simulate polymer substrate interactions. Different stationary cyclic dynamics are observed upon varying shear flow intensity and surface potential strength. Polymer stretching decreases as increasing the attractive potential strength, breaking down the scaling predictions for non-adsorbed polymers. We found that adsorption is enhanced by the shear flow strength in agreement to simulations of adsorbed non-tethered polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel O Ibáñez-García
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, México D.F, México.
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Phillips DB, Gibson GM, Bowman R, Padgett MJ, Hanna S, Carberry DM, Miles MJ, Simpson SH. An optically actuated surface scanning probe. Opt Express 2012; 20:29679-93. [PMID: 23388796 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.029679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the use of an extended, optically trapped probe that is capable of imaging surface topography with nanometre precision, whilst applying ultra-low, femto-Newton sized forces. This degree of precision and sensitivity is acquired through three distinct strategies. First, the probe itself is shaped in such a way as to soften the trap along the sensing axis and stiffen it in transverse directions. Next, these characteristics are enhanced by selectively position clamping independent motions of the probe. Finally, force clamping is used to refine the surface contact response. Detailed analyses are presented for each of these mechanisms. To test our sensor, we scan it laterally over a calibration sample consisting of a series of graduated steps, and demonstrate a height resolution of ∼ 11 nm. Using equipartition theory, we estimate that an average force of only ∼ 140 fN is exerted on the sample during the scan, making this technique ideal for the investigation of delicate biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B Phillips
- H H Wills Physics Laboratories, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK.
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Hawkins D, Hong S, Raslan R, Mumovic D, Hanna S. Determinants of energy use in UK higher education buildings using statistical and artificial neural network methods. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsbe.2012.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
We investigate the stability and thermal motion of optically trapped nanowires, with aspect ratios in the range 10-100. A simple analytical model is used to determine qualitative features of the system, assuming that the nanowire is weakly scattering and the incident beam is paraxial. As expected, the model predicts that the nanowire will align with the beam axis. In this configuration the translational stiffness coefficients of the trap approach their limiting values for long nanowires like O(L(-3)), where L is the nanowire length, the limit for the stiffness parallel to the beam axis being zero. The rotational stiffness coefficients vary more slowly, according to O(L(-1)). Also, it is predicted that defocusing decreases the translational stiffness perpendicular to the beam, while increasing rotational stiffness. These findings are reinforced by comparison with rigorous electromagnetic calculations which additionally reveal the effects of radiation pressure and finite scattering. A strong polarization effect is observed in the numerical simulations and coupled translational and rotational motions arise which influence the trap stability. The use of nanowire traps for force sensing is discusse.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Simpson
- H H Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, UK
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Chan-Dominy A, Davies J, Hanna S, Riphagen S, Murdoch I, McDougall M. Specialist retrieval nurse practitioners can be competent leaders in interhospital transport of critically ill children. Aust Crit Care 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aucc.2011.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Renner CI, Ludwig R, Lukats B, Hanna S, Hummelsheim H. Unterschiedlicher Einfluss der posturalen Stabilität auf die Erregbarkeit der Handmuskeln bei kortikalen und subkortikalen Infarkten. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1301539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Harvey A, Rosenbaum P, Hanna S, Yousefi-Nooraie R, Graham KH. Longitudinal changes in mobility following single-event multilevel surgery in ambulatory children with cerebral palsy. J Rehabil Med 2012; 44:137-43. [DOI: 10.2340/16501977-0916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Moulton C, Levine MN, Law C, Hart R, Ruo L, Gu C, Hendler A, Gulenchyn KY, Haider MA, Marcaccio M, Tandan V, Quan D, Jalink D, Fairfull Smith R, Hanna S, Greig PD, Husien M, Finch T, Julian JA, Gallinger S. An Ontario Clinical Oncology Group (OCOG) randomized controlled trial (RCT) assessing FDG PET/CT in resectable liver colorectal adenocarcinoma metastases (CAM). J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.3520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Stedall TP, Butler MF, Woolfson DN, Hanna S. Computer simulations of the growth of synthetic peptide fibres. Eur Phys J E Soft Matter 2011; 34:5. [PMID: 21253806 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2011-11005-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We present a coarse-grained computer model designed to study the growth of fibres in a synthetic self-assembling peptide system. The system consists of two 28 residue α-helical sequences, denoted AB and CD, in which the interactions between the half peptides, A, B, C and D, may be tuned individually to promote different types of growth behaviour. In the model, AB and CD are represented by double ended rods, with interaction sites distributed along their lengths. Monte Carlo simulations are performed to follow fibre growth. It is found that lateral and longitudinal growth of the fibre are governed by different mechanisms--the former is diffusion limited with a very small activation energy for the addition of units, whereas the latter occurs via a process of secondary nucleation at the fibre ends. As a result, longitudinal growth generally proceeds more slowly than lateral growth. Furthermore, it is shown that the aspect ratio of the growing fibre may be controlled by adjusting the temperature and the relative strengths of the interactions. The predictions of the model are discussed in the context of published data from real peptide systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Stedall
- H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, BS81TL Bristol, UK
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Romero Selas E, Mugnier C, Piechaud P, Gaston R, Hoepffner JL, Hanna S, Cusomano S. Promontofijación laparoscópica: Nuestra técnica. Actas Urol Esp 2010. [DOI: 10.4321/s0210-48062010001000005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Carberry DM, Simpson SH, Grieve JA, Wang Y, Schäfer H, Steinhart M, Bowman R, Gibson GM, Padgett MJ, Hanna S, Miles MJ. Calibration of optically trapped nanotools. Nanotechnology 2010; 21:175501. [PMID: 20368683 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/17/175501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Holographically trapped nanotools can be used in a novel form of force microscopy. By measuring the displacement of the tool in the optical traps, the contact force experienced by the probe can be inferred. In the following paper we experimentally demonstrate the calibration of such a device and show that its behaviour is independent of small changes in the relative position of the optical traps. Furthermore, we explore more general aspects of the thermal motion of the tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Carberry
- H H Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Hanna U, Hanna S. Ghassan Hanna. West J Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.c169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Grimmond C, Roth M, Oke T, Au Y, Best M, Betts R, Carmichael G, Cleugh H, Dabberdt W, Emmanuel R, Freitas E, Fortuniak K, Hanna S, Klein P, Kalkstein L, Liu C, Nickson A, Pearlmutter D, Sailor D, Voogt J. Climate and More Sustainable Cities: Climate Information for Improved Planning and Management of Cities (Producers/Capabilities Perspective). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proenv.2010.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Johnstone J, Hanna S, Nicolle L, Drebot M, Neupane B, Mahony J, Loeb M. P286 Prognosis of West Nile virus associated acute flaccid paralysis: a case series. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(09)70505-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Cusumano S, Annino F, Selas ER, Hanna S, Piechaud T, Gaston R. Feasibility, Technique, and Principles of Tension- and Energy-Free Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy with Lateral Intrafascial Dissection of the Neurovascular Bundles with the Use of a High-Definition Optical Device. J Endourol 2008; 22:1981-7. [DOI: 10.1089/end.2008.9762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Cusumano
- St-Augustin Urology Clinic, Bordeaux, France
| | - F. Annino
- Department of Urology, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - S. Hanna
- St-Augustin Urology Clinic, Bordeaux, France
| | - T. Piechaud
- St-Augustin Urology Clinic, Bordeaux, France
| | - R. Gaston
- St-Augustin Urology Clinic, Bordeaux, France
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Benito DC, Carberry DM, Simpson SH, Gibson GM, Padgett MJ, Rarity JG, Miles MJ, Hanna S. Constructing 3D crystal templates for photonic band gap materials using holographic optical tweezers. Opt Express 2008; 16:13005-13015. [PMID: 18711539 DOI: 10.1364/oe.16.013005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A simple and robust method is presented for the construction of 3-dimensional crystals from silica and polystyrene microspheres. The crystals are suitable for use as templates in the production of three-dimensional photonic band gap (PBG) materials. Manipulation of the microspheres was achieved using a dynamic holographic assembler (DHA) consisting of computer controlled holographic optical tweezers. Attachment of the microspheres was achieved by adjusting their colloidal interactions during assembly. The method is demonstrated by constructing a variety of 3-dimensional crystals using spheres ranging in size from 3 microm down to 800 nm. A major advantage of the technique is that it may be used to build structures that cannot be made using self-assembly. This is illustrated through the construction of crystals in which line defects have been deliberately included, and by building simple cubic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Benito
- HH Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, UK
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Simpson SH, Richardson RM, Hanna S. Influence of dye molecules on the birefringence of liquid crystal mixtures at near infrared frequencies. J Chem Phys 2007; 127:104901. [PMID: 17867774 DOI: 10.1063/1.2767257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The optical properties of nematic liquid crystals have been extensively exploited in the production of devices working in the visible range of the spectrum. These same properties can be employed to make devices that function in the near infrared as required for telecommunications applications. However, it is generally observed that the birefringence of liquid crystal mixtures decreases with increasing wavelength, making it important to identify new materials, optimized for use in the near infrared region. One route to high birefringence is to operate close to an absorption band edge, which in the present context implies choosing highly conjugated materials which are potentially colored and, thus, not suited to traditional display applications. In this paper we explore the usefulness of dye molecules as birefringence enhancers in mixtures with conventional nematic liquid crystals. The optical properties, in particular, the absorption edge, polarizability, and birefringence, of families of known dyes are calculated at optical (589 nm) and infrared (1550 nm) wavelengths, using electronic density functional theory. We demonstrate the expected correlation between the proximity of the absorption edge and the magnitude of the birefringence, and estimate the birefringence enhancement occurring when each dye is incorporated in a guest-host system.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Simpson
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
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Riphagen S, Alasnag M, Hanna S, Manna S, McDougall M. Inter-rater agreement in the triage of calls to a paediatric interhospital transfer service. Crit Care 2007. [PMCID: PMC4095493 DOI: 10.1186/cc5600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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McDougall M, Riphagen S, Hanna S, Moganasundram S, Bickell F, Durward A, Murdoch I. Reduction in retrieval mobilisation time over a 5-year period (South Thames Retrieval Service). Crit Care 2007. [PMCID: PMC4095494 DOI: 10.1186/cc5601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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King GA, Law M, King S, Hurley P, Hanna S, Kertoy M, Rosenbaum P. Measuring children's participation in recreation and leisure activities: construct validation of the CAPE and PAC. Child Care Health Dev 2007; 33:28-39. [PMID: 17181750 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2214.2006.00613.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
There is a need for psychometrically sound measures of children's participation in recreation and leisure activities, for both clinical and research purposes. This paper provides information about the construct validity of the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment (CAPE) and its companion measure, Preferences for Activities of Children (PAC). These measures are appropriate for children and youth with and without disabilities between the ages of 6 and 21 years. They provide information about six dimensions of participation (i.e. diversity, intensity, where, with whom, enjoyment and preference) and two categories of recreation and leisure activities: (i) formal and informal activities; and (ii) five types of activities (recreational, active physical, social, skill-based and self-improvement). This paper presents information about the performance of the CAPE and PAC activity type scores using data from a study involving 427 children with physical disabilities between the ages of 6 and 15 years. Intensity, enjoyment and preference scores were significantly correlated with environmental, family and child variables, in expected ways. Predictions also were supported with respect to differences in mean scores for boys vs. girls, and children in various age groups. The information substantiates the construct validity of the measures. The clinical and research utility of the measures are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A King
- Thames Valley Children's Centre, London, ON, Canada.
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Maroun J, Kocha W, Kvols L, Bjarnason G, Chen E, Germond C, Hanna S, Poitras P, Rayson D, Reid R, Rivera J, Roy A, Shah A, Sideris L, Siu L, Wong R. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of carcinoid tumours. Part 1: the gastrointestinal tract. A statement from a Canadian National Carcinoid Expert Group. Curr Oncol 2006; 13:67-76. [PMID: 17576444 PMCID: PMC1891174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Carcinoid tumours are relatively rare and, in general, slow growing. They can be "non-functioning" tumours, presenting as a tumour mass, or "functioning" tumours secondary to the production of several biopeptides leading to the carcinoid syndrome. Though these tumours represent 0.25% of an oncology practice, a proper understanding of the clinical course of the disease and of the importance of appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic measures is very important. Proper patient management can lead to cure, particularly if the tumour can be fully resected, or to long-term palliation with medical treatment or cytoreductive surgery, or both, with significant prolongation of survival. A good understanding of the use of somatostatin analogues to achieve effective symptomatic control and of the importance of adequate follow-up and cardiac monitoring to prevent or effectively treat cardiac complications can contribute significantly to optimal control of this complex disease, ultimately improving the quality of life of affected patients. This article, developed by a group of Canadian experts, provides a framework that will assist clinicians in taking an optimal approach to managing their patients with carcinoid tumour.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Maroun
- Ottawa Hospital Regional Cancer Centre, Ottawa, Ontario.
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Simpson SH, Richardson RM, Hanna S. Calculation of the birefringences of nematic liquid crystals at optical and infrared wavelengths. J Chem Phys 2005; 123:134904. [PMID: 16223328 DOI: 10.1063/1.2035083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper we critically examine computational methods for predicting the birefringences of nematic liquid crystals, with a view to screening molecules for potential use in infrared applications. Using the liquid-crystal 5CB as a test molecule, we calculate molecular electronic polarizabilities using ab initio quantum-mechanical techniques and a wide range of basis sets. We show that the polarizabilities tend to a limiting value as the quality of the basis set is improved. However, the biggest hurdle remains the determination of the refractive index from the polarizability data. We examine several methods for performing this conversion and conclude that the simplest equation, due to Vuks, is adequate for predicting the birefringence, given the uncertainties involved in other parameters. The agreement between calculation and experiment is best described as "semiquantitative." We perform similar calculations for a wide range of nematic liquid crystals at both 589 and 1550 nm, taking into account the likely impact of molecular vibrations at the longer wavelength. We demonstrate that there is a simple scale factor, for conventional nematics, between the birefringence at visible wavelengths and in the infrared. Thus knowledge of the birefringence at optical wavelengths, as widely available in the literature, is a good guide to the usefulness of conventional nematic liquid crystals as active elements for optical switching in the telecommunications industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Simpson
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
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Lord TD, Hanna S, Kvick Å, Hobbs JK, Terry AE, Wright J. An investigation into the effects of temperature and crystallization conditions on the lattice parameters of ultra long n-alkane crystals. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305083443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Crowther MA, Cook DJ, Griffith LE, Meade M, Hanna S, Rabbat C, Bates SM, Geerts W, Johnston M, Guyatt G. Neither baseline tests of molecular hypercoagulability nor D-dimer levels predict deep venous thrombosis in critically ill medical-surgical patients. Intensive Care Med 2004; 31:48-55. [PMID: 15592816 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-004-2467-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2004] [Accepted: 09/19/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Predicting patients who are harboring asymptomatic deep venous thrombosis (DVT), or who are at particular risk of developing DVT, is a desirable clinical goal since prevention or early treatment of DVT might reduce the risk of fatal pulmonary embolism. Thus validation of simple laboratory tests that reliably predict venous thromboembolism (VTE) would be clinically very important. Tests that might be useful for these applications include markers of hypercoagulability (predicting patients at risk of DVT) and D-dimer (predicting which patients may have acute DVT). METHODS In a prospective cohort study we measured a panel of hypercoagulability markers at the time of ICU admission, and six commercial D-dimer assays were performed serially during the ICU stay in medical-surgical ICU patients who were screened for DVT with biweekly lower limb compression ultrasonography. Ultrasonography was also performed at the time of any clinically suspected DVT events. We matched cases with DVT with controls without DVT for length of stay in the ICU to generate receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves. RESULTS One hundred ninety-seven patients were enrolled. Blood was collected on a total of 763 occasions (median number of occasions per patient: 3, range 1-21). None of the assays predicted DVT, as indicated by the areas under the ROC curves, that did not differ significantly from 50%. CONCLUSION In critically ill patients, neither tests of hypercoagulability nor D-dimer levels predict patients at risk of DVT and thus they should not be used to guide diagnostic testing for DVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Crowther
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To apply a programme logic model to evaluate the effectiveness of a new therapy service for children with special needs who were in transition from pre-school to kindergarten. SETTING A children's outpatient rehabilitation centre in Ontario, Canada. MAIN OUTCOMES The short-term outcomes included parents' perceptions of the transition process itself and the information they required, the children's skill development for the transition to kindergarten, and parents' perceptions of services and satisfaction with resources. METHODS A combination of quantitative methods [Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS), Measure of Processes of Care (MPOC), Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ)] and qualitative interviews were used to evaluate both the process ('Outputs') and outcomes ('Short-term objectives') of the new therapy service. RESULTS The children involved in the evaluation met or exceeded goals that were set by therapists and parents. Parents' perceptions of, and satisfaction with, the new service were higher than the provincial average. Qualitative data from interviews with parents and service providers supported the findings from standardized measures, and provided suggestions for future service delivery. CONCLUSIONS The programme logic model provided researchers and service providers a collaborative and systematic approach to conducting programme evaluation in a relatively short-time frame. It appears to be a useful option for evaluation of other children's services.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Stewart
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The provision of family-centred services (FCS) emphasizes a partnership between parents and service providers so that families are involved in every aspect of services for their child. There is evidence that providing FCS is associated with improvements in parents' satisfaction with services, decreased parental stress, and positive child outcomes. METHODS The purpose of this study was to examine factors that are most important in determining parent perceptions of the family centredness of care and parent satisfaction with service. A cross-sectional survey was completed by 494 parents, 324 service providers, and 15 CEOs from 16 organizations delivering children's rehabilitation services. Analyses were completed using a structural equation modelling approach. RESULTS Survey return rates ranged from 77 to 94%. Findings indicate that the principal determinants of parent satisfaction with services are the family-centred culture at the organization and parent perceptions of FCS. Parent satisfaction with services was also influenced by the number of places where services were received and the number of health and development problems experienced by their child. CONCLUSION Parent satisfaction with services is strongly influenced by the perception that services are more family centred, fewer places where services were received and fewer health and development problems for their child. Ways in which organizations can improve satisfaction through carrying out family-centred behaviours are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Law
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Institute for Applied Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Durward A, Mayer A, Skellett S, Taylor D, Hanna S, Tibby SM, Murdoch IA. Hypoalbuminaemia in critically ill children: incidence, prognosis, and influence on the anion gap. Arch Dis Child 2003; 88:419-22. [PMID: 12716714 PMCID: PMC1719575 DOI: 10.1136/adc.88.5.419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Hypoalbuminaemia has significance in adult critical illness as an independent predictor of mortality. In addition, the anion gap is predominantly due to the negative charge of albumin, thus hypoalbuminaemia may lead to its underestimation. We examine this phenomenon in critically ill children, documenting the incidence, early evolution, and prognosis of hypoalbuminaemia (<33 g/l), and quantify its influence on the anion gap. METHODS Prospective descriptive study of 134 critically ill children in the paediatric intensive care unit (ICU). Paired arterial blood samples were taken at ICU admission and 24 hours later, from which blood gases, electrolytes, and albumin were measured. The anion gap (including potassium) was calculated and then corrected for albumin using Figge's formula. RESULTS The incidence of admission hypoalbuminaemia was 57%, increasing to 76% at 24 hours. Neither admission hypoalbuminaemia, nor extreme hypoalbuminaemia (<20 g/l) predicted mortality; however, there was an association with increased median ICU stay (4.9 v 3.6 days). After correction for albumin the incidence of a raised anion gap (>18 mEq/l) increased from 28% to 44% in all samples (n = 263); this discrepancy was more pronounced in the 103 samples with metabolic acidosis (38% v 73%). Correction produced an average increase in the anion gap of 2.7 mEq/l (mean bias), with limits of agreement of +/-3.7 mEq/l. CONCLUSION Admission hypoalbuminaemia is common in critical illness, but is not an independent predictor of mortality. However, failure to correct the anion gap for albumin may underestimate the true anion gap, producing error in the interpretation of acid-base abnormalities. This may have treatment implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Durward
- Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.
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Abstract
AIM To document the incidence and early evolution of hyponatraemia (serum sodium < 136 mmol l(-1)) associated with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis in infants requiring intensive care. METHODS In a retrospective review over two winter seasons, 130 infants were admitted with confirmed RSV infection, of whom 39 were excluded because of either pre-existing risk factors for hyponatraemia: diuretic therapy (n = 14), cardiac disease (n = 10), renal disease (n = 2) or lack of admission sodium data (n = 13). RESULTS The incidence of admission hyponatraemia in the remaining infants (median age 6 wk) was 33% (30/91), with 11% (10/91) exhibiting a serum sodium less than 130 mmol l(-1) . Hyponatraemic and normonatraemic infants were of a similar age (median 6 vs 7 wk, p = 0.82). With fluid restriction and diuretic therapy, the incidence of hyponatraemia at 48 h had decreased to 3.3%, odds ratio 0.07 (95% confidence interval 0.02-0.24, p < 0.001). Four infants (4%) suffered hyponatraemic seizures at admission (sodium 114-123 mmol l(-1)); three had received hypotonic intravenous fluids at 100-150 ml kg(-1) d(-1) before referral to intensive care. All four were managed successfully with hypertonic (3%) saline, followed by fluid restriction, resulting in immediate termination of seizure activity and normalization of serum sodium values over 48 h. CONCLUSION Hyponatraemia is common among infants with RSV bronchiolitis presenting to intensive care. Neurological complications may occur and fluid therapy in vulnerable infants should be tailored to reduce this risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hanna
- Department of Paediatric Intensive Care, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
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Griffith L, Cook D, Hanna S, Rocker G, Sjokvist P, Dodek P, Marshall J, Levy M, Varon J, Finfer S, Jaeschke R, Buckingham L, Guyatt G. Crit Care 2003; 7:P252. [DOI: 10.1186/cc2141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Tibby SM, Taylor D, Festa M, Hanna S, Hatherill M, Jones G, Habibi P, Durward A, Murdoch IA. A comparison of three scoring systems for mortality risk among retrieved intensive care patients. Arch Dis Child 2002; 87:421-5. [PMID: 12390920 PMCID: PMC1763066 DOI: 10.1136/adc.87.5.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To assess the impact of two paediatric intensive care unit retrieval teams on the performance of three mortality risk scoring systems: pre-ICU PRISM, PIM, and PRISM II. METHODS A total of 928 critically ill children retrieved for intensive care from district general hospitals in the south east of England (crude mortality 7.8%) were studied. RESULTS Risk stratification was similar between the two retrieval teams for scores utilising data primarily prior to ICU admission (pre-ICU PRISM, PIM), despite differences in case mix. The fewer variables required for calculation of PIM resulted in complete data collection in 88% of patients, compared to pre-ICU PRISM (24%) and PRISM II (60%). Overall, all scoring systems discriminated well between survival and non-survival (area under receiver operating characteristic curve 0.83-0.87), with no differences between the two hospitals. There was a tendency towards better discrimination in all scores for children compared to infants and neonates, and a poor discrimination for respiratory disease using pre-ICU PRISM and PRISM II but not PIM. All showed suboptimal calibration, primarily as a consequence of mortality over prediction among the medium (10-30%) mortality risk bands. CONCLUSIONS PIM appears to offer advantages over the other two scores in terms of being less affected by the retrieval process and easier to collect. Recalibration of all scoring systems is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Tibby
- Department of Paediatric Intensive Care, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.
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Asano TK, McLeod RS, Blitz M, Butts C, Kneteman N, Bigam D, Oosthuizen JFM, Phang PT, Gouthro D, Ravid A, Liu M, O'Connor BI, MacRae HM, Cohen Z, McLeod RS, Al-Obeed O, Penning J, Stern HS, Colquhoun P, Nogueras J, Dipasquale B, Petras J, Wexner S, Woodhouse S, Raval MJ, Heine JA, May GR, Bass S, Brown CJ, MacLean AR, Asano T, Cohen Z, MacRae HM, O'Connor BI, McLeod RS, Asano TK, Toma D, Stern HS, McLeod RS, Irshad K, Ghitulescu GA, Gordon PH, MacLean AR, Lilly L, Cohen Z, O'Connor B, McLeod RS, Ravid A, O'Connor BI, Liu M, MacRae HM, Cohen Z, McLeod RS, St Germaine RL, de Gara CJ, Fox R, Kenwell Z, Blitz S, Wong JT, Mc-Mulkin HM, Porter GA, Jayaraman S, Gray D, Burpee SE, Schlachta CM, Mamazza J, Pace K, Poulin EC, Freeman J, Tranqui P, Trottier D, Bodurtha A, Sarma A, Bheerappa N, Sastry RA, de Gara CJ, Hanson J, Hamilton S, Taylor MC, Haase E, Stevens J, Rigo V, Richards J, Bigam DL, Cheung PY, Burpee SE, Schlachta CM, Mamazza J, Pace K, Poulin EC, Grace DM, Gupta S, Sarma A, Bheerappa N, Radhakrishna P, Sastry RA, Malik S, Duffy P, Schulte P, Cameron R, Pace KT, Dyer S, Phan V, Poulin E, Schlachta C, Mamazza J, Stewart R, Honey RJ, Kanthan R, Kanthan SC, Jayaraman S, Aarts MA, Solomon MJ, McLeod RS, Ong S, Pitt D, Stephen W, Latulippe J, Girotti M, Bloom S, Pace K, Dyer S, Stewart R, Honey RJ, Poulin E, Schlachta C, Mamazza J, Furlan JC, Rosen IB, Asano TK, Haigh PI, McLeod RS, Al Saleh N, Taylor B, Karimuddin AA, Marschall J, McFadden A, Pollett WG, Dicks E, Tranqui P, Trottier D, Freeman J, Bodurtha A, Urbach DR, Bell CM, Austin PC, Cleary SP, Gyfe R, Greig P, Smith L, Mackenzie R, Strasberg S, Hanna S, Taylor B, Langer B, Gallinger S, Marschall J, Nechala P, Chibbar R, Colquhoun P, Zhou J, Lee TDG, Meneghetti AT, McKenna GJ, Owen D, Scudamore CH, McMaster RM, Chung SW, Aarts MA, Granton J, Cook DJ, Bohnen JMA, Marshall JC, Colquhoun P, Weiss E, Efron J, Nogueras J, Vernava A, Wexner S, Poulin EC, Schlachta CM, Burpee SE, Pace KT, Mamazza J, Rosen IB, Furlan JC, Charghi R, Schricker T, Backman S, Rouah F, Christou NV, Obayan A, Keith R, Juurlink BHJ, Skaro AI, Liwski RS, Zhou J, Lee TDG, Hirsch GM, Powers KA, Khadaroo RG, Papia G, Kapus A, Rotstein OD, Furlan JC, Rosen IB, Stratford AFC, George RL, VanManen L, Klassen DR, Feldman LS, Mayrand S, Mercier L, Stanbridge D, Fried GM, Nanji SA, Hancock WW, Anderson C, Shapiro AMJ, Butter A, Martins L, Taylor B, Ott MC, Rycroft K, Wall WJ, Burpee SE, Schlachta CM, Mamazza J, Pace K, Poulin EC, Taylor MC, Christou NV, Jarand J, Sylvestre JL, McLean APH, Behzadi A, Tan L, Unruh H, Brandt MG, Darling GE, Miller L, Seely AJE, Maziak DE, Gunning D, Do MT, Bukhari M, Shamji FM, Abdurahman A, Darling G, Ginsberg R, Johnston M, Waddell T, Keshavjee S, Cuccarolo G, Charyk-Stewart T, Inaba K, Malthaner R, Gray D, Girotti M, Grondin SC, Tutton SM, Sichlau MJ, Pozdol C, McDonough TJ, Masters GA, Ray DW, Liptay MJ. Abstracts of presentations to the Annual Meetings of the Canadian Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons Canadian Association of General Surgeons Canadian Association of Thoracic Surgeons: Canadian Surgery Forum, London, Ont., Sept. 19 to 22, 2002. Can J Surg 2002; 45:3-26. [PMID: 37381180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - D Pitt
- Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
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Tang T, Hanna S, Gaunt M. Management of aortic aneurysm in the presence of a horseshoe kidney (Br J Surg 2001; 88: 500-9). Letter 1. Br J Surg 2001; 88:1546; author reply 1547. [PMID: 11683766 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Gharib B, Hanna S, Abdallahi OM, Lepidi H, Gardette B, De Reggi M. Anti-inflammatory properties of molecular hydrogen: investigation on parasite-induced liver inflammation. C R Acad Sci III 2001; 324:719-24. [PMID: 11510417 DOI: 10.1016/s0764-4469(01)01350-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Molecular hydrogen reacts with the hydroxyl radical, a highly cytotoxic species produced in inflamed tissues. It has been suggested therefore to use gaseous hydrogen in a new anti-inflammatory strategy. We tested this idea, with the aid of the equipment and skills of COMEX SA in Marseille, a group who experiments with oxygen-hydrogen breathing mixtures for professional deep-sea diving. The model used was schistosomiasis-associated chronic liver inflammation. Infected animals stayed 2 weeks in an hyperbaric chamber in a normal atmosphere supplemented with 0.7 MPa hydrogen. The treatment had significant protective effects towards liver injury, namely decreased fibrosis, improvement of hemodynamics, increased NOSII activity, increased antioxidant enzyme activity, decreased lipid peroxide levels and decreased circulating TNF-alpha levels. Under the same conditions, helium exerted also some protective effects, indicating that hydroxyl radical scavenging is not the only protective mechanism. These findings indicate that the proposed anti-inflammatory strategy deserves further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gharib
- U399 Inserm, université de la Méditerranée, 27, boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
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