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Nolte AK, Jäger S, Seifert MM, Bülhoff M, Schiltenwolf M, Schonhoff M, Raiss P, Renkawitz T, Kretzer JP, Panzram B. Capsule elongation occurs after first time shoulder dislocation A biomechanical in-vitro investigation on human cadaveric specimen. J Orthop 2024; 51:130-136. [PMID: 38384727 PMCID: PMC10878837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose As capsule elongation is assumed to weaken the static stability of the shoulder joint, the purpose of this biomechanical study was to demonstrate that capsule elongation occurs immediately after a first-time shoulder dislocation and not just after recurrent dislocation events. We hypothesize an increment in joint clearance due to joint capsule elongation after a first-time dislocation. Methods An experimental in-vitro study was conducted on 6 paired fresh frozen human shoulders (4 females; 2 males; 12 specimen) with a mean age of 80 (Range 67-89) years. The shoulder joint with the articular capsule was exposed and an inferior static tension force of 2.5 N was applied to the humerus prior to dislocation. Next, the humeral head was dislocated and was then immediately reduced back into the start position. The joint gap as well as joint capsule deformation was assessed using optical techniques. Results The radiographic joint gap increased from 13.7 ± 6.9 mm (prior to dislocation) to 18.1 ± 6.5 mm (post dislocation) (p < .001). The increase in joint clearance was 4.4 mm. The joint capsule elongated from 5.9 ± 0.005 % (prior to dislocation) to 9.4 ± 0.007 % (post dislocation) (p < .001). The mean increase in joint capsule elongation was 3.5 %. Conclusions Capsule elongation was observed immediately after a simulated first-time shoulder dislocation in an in-vitro model of elderly human cadavers. It might therefore not only be a phenomenon of recurrent dislocation events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Katharina Nolte
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Jäger
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maxime Marie Seifert
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Bülhoff
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcus Schiltenwolf
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mareike Schonhoff
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patric Raiss
- OCM (Orthopadische Chirurgie Munchen), Steinerstraße 6, 81369, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Renkawitz
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J. Philippe Kretzer
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Panzram
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
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Nolte AK, Bayer T, Jäger S, Raiss P, Wegmann K, Kretzer JP, Bülhoff M, Renkawitz T, Panzram B. Primary bone graft stability after Latarjet surgery: biomechanical evaluation of a fixation technique with metal-free all-suture cerclage vs. cortical screws. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2024; 33:e175-e184. [PMID: 37652214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2023.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To reduce hardware-related complications in coracoid graft fixation to the anterior aspect of the glenoid, a metal-free Latarjet technique was recently introduced. The aim of this study was to compare the primary stability of a classic Latarjet procedure with 2 metal screws to a novel metal-free, all-suture cerclage method. It is hypothesized that fixation of the coracoid graft with 2 malleolar screws will provide higher primary stability compared with an all-suture cerclage technique. METHODS This biomechanical in vitro study was conducted on 12 fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders (6 matched pairs) with a mean donor age of 80 years (range, 67-89 years). Coracoid graft fixation was performed using a recently introduced all-suture cerclage technique (group A) or a classic Latarjet technique with two 4.5-mm malleolar screws (group B). The conjoint tendon was loaded with a static force of 10 N to simulate the sling effect. Graft loading with a probe head consisted of 6 ascending load levels (10-50 N, 10-100 N, 10-150 N, 10-200 N, 10-250 N, and 10-300 N) with 100 cycles each at 1 Hz. Relative motion of the bone graft to the glenoid was measured using an optic 3-dimensional system. RESULTS While loading the conjoint tendon with 10 N, no difference in mean displacement of the bone-graft was found between both groups (P = .144). During cyclic loading, a significant difference in relative displacement for both groups was already detected in load level 1 (group A: 2398.8 μm vs. group B: 125.7 μm; P = .024), and this trend continued with the following load levels (P < .05). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The study demonstrated that the innovative metal-free, all-suture cerclage fixation technique results in higher micromotion than the classic coracoid graft fixation with 2 malleolar screws. According to the present biomechanical investigation, shoulders treated with a metal-free all-suture cerclage technique might need adapted rehabilitation protocols to protect the construct and allow for graft healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Katharina Nolte
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Tobias Bayer
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Jäger
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patric Raiss
- Orthopädische Chirurgie München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - J Philippe Kretzer
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Bülhoff
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Renkawitz
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Panzram
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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Jäger S, Könning D, Rasche N, Hart F, Sensbach J, Krug C, Raab-Westphal S, Richter K, Unverzagt C, Hecht S, Anderl J, Schröter C. Generation and Characterization of Iduronidase-Cleavable ADCs. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:2221-2233. [PMID: 38054705 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
A crucial design feature for the therapeutic success of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) is the linker that connects the antibody with the drug. Linkers must be stable in circulation and efficiently release the drug inside the target cell, thereby having a fundamental impact on ADC pharmacokinetics and efficacy. The variety of enzymatically cleavable linkers applied in ADCs is limited, and some are believed to be associated with unwanted side effects due to the expression of cleavage-mediating enzymes in nonmalignant cells. Based on a bioinformatic screen of lysosomal enzymes, we identified α-l-iduronidase (IduA) as an interesting candidate for ADC linker cleavage because of its low expression in normal tissues and its overexpression in several tumor types. In the present study, we report a novel IduA-cleavable ADC linker using exatecan and duocarmycin as payloads. We showed the functionality of our linker system in cleavage assays using recombinant IduA or cell lysates and compared it to established ADC linkers. Subsequently, we coupled iduronide-exatecan via interchain cysteines or iduronide-duocarmycin via microbial transglutaminase (mTG) to an anti-CEACAM5 (aCEA5) antibody. The generated iduronide-exatecan ADC showed high serum stability and similar target-dependent tumor cell killing in the subnanomolar range but reduced toxicity on nonmalignant cells compared to an analogous cathepsin B-activatable valine-citrulline-exatecan ADC. Finally, in vivo antitumor activity could be demonstrated for an IduA-cleavable duocarmycin ADC. The presented results emphasize the potential of iduronide linkers for ADC development and represent a tool for further balancing out tumor selectivity and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Doreen Könning
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Nicolas Rasche
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Felix Hart
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Carina Krug
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Konstantin Richter
- Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Carlo Unverzagt
- Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Stefan Hecht
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jan Anderl
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
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Bischel OE, Suda AJ, Böhm PM, Bormann T, Jäger S, Seeger JB. Breakage of Tapered Junctions of Modular Stems in Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty—High Incidence in a Consecutive Series of a Single Institution. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10030341. [PMID: 36978732 PMCID: PMC10044894 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10030341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Modularity in revision THA (RTHA) has become accepted during the last three decades. Nevertheless, specific risks of modularity of current revision devices such as breakage of taper junctions occur during follow-up. Data reporting failure rates are predominantly given by the manufacturers but independent data acquisition is missing so far. Questions/Purposes: 1. What time-related risk of breakage of taper junction between neck and body of an established modular revision device can be expected in a consecutive single institutional series and a mid-term follow-up? 2. Are there specific factors influencing breakage in this cohort? Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of a consecutive series of 89 cases after femoral revision using a tapered modular revision stem. Mean follow-up period was 7.1 (range: 3.0–13.7) years. Breakage of stem as failure criteria of the implant was investigated with a Kaplan–Meier analysis. Results: Breakage of taper junctions occurred in four patients during follow-up showing a time-depending implant survival of 94.2 (95% CI: 88.6–100%) after 13.7 years. Implant survival of stems with lateralized necks of 87.4 (95% CI: 75.6–100%) after 13.7 years was significantly lower compared to the standard offset variant with 100% after 13.5 years (log rank test p = 0.0283). Chi square test also revealed a significantly higher risk of breakage of lateralized necks compared to standard offset pieces (p = 0.0141). Three of four patients were obese with a mean BMI of 37.9 kg/m2. Grade of obesity (grade 1 or higher) had significant influence on risk of breakage. Survival of the implant was significantly lower in obese patients with at least grade 1 obesity compared to patients with a BMI < 30 kg/m2 (82.9 (95% CI: 64.9–100%) after 11.6 years vs. 98.4 (95% CI: 95.3–100%) after 13.7 years; log-rank p = 0.0327). Conclusions: Cumulative risk for failure of taper junctions was high in this consecutive single institutional cohort and may further increase during follow-up. As independent data acquisition in registries is missing, failure rate may be higher than reported data of the manufacturers. The use of lateralized offset necks in obese patients of at least grade 1 obesity showed a significantly higher risk of breakage. The use of monobloc revision devices may be an option, but randomized control trials are currently missing to establish standardized treatment protocols considering individual risks for both monobloc and/or modular implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver E. Bischel
- Berufsgenossenschaftliche Unfallklinik Ludwigshafen, Ludwig-Guttmann-Str. 13, 67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Arnold J. Suda
- AUVA-Unfallkrankenhaus Salzburg, Dr.-Franz-Rehrl-Platz 5, 5010 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Paul M. Böhm
- General Orthopedics, Neumeyerstr. 46, 90411 Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Therese Bormann
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Jäger
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jörn B. Seeger
- Kurparkklinik, Kurstr. 41-45, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
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Vissers LET, Sluijs I, Burgess S, Forouhi NG, Freisling H, Imamura F, Nilsson TK, Renström F, Weiderpass E, Aleksandrova K, Dahm CC, Perez-Cornago A, Schulze MB, Tong TYN, Aune D, Bonet C, Boer JMA, Boeing H, Chirlaque MD, Conchi MI, Imaz L, Jäger S, Krogh V, Kyrø C, Masala G, Melander O, Overvad K, Panico S, Sánches MJ, Sonestedt E, Tjønneland A, Tzoulaki I, Verschuren WMM, Riboli E, Wareham NJ, Danesh J, Butterworth AS, van der Schouw YT. Milk intake and incident stroke and CHD in populations of European descent: a Mendelian randomisation study. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:1789-1797. [PMID: 34670632 PMCID: PMC9592953 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521004244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Higher milk intake has been associated with a lower stroke risk, but not with risk of CHD. Residual confounding or reverse causation cannot be excluded. Therefore, we estimated the causal association of milk consumption with stroke and CHD risk through instrumental variable (IV) and gene-outcome analyses. IV analysis included 29 328 participants (4611 stroke; 9828 CHD) of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-CVD (eight European countries) and European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Netherlands (EPIC-NL) case-cohort studies. rs4988235, a lactase persistence (LP) SNP which enables digestion of lactose in adulthood was used as genetic instrument. Intake of milk was first regressed on rs4988235 in a linear regression model. Next, associations of genetically predicted milk consumption with stroke and CHD were estimated using Prentice-weighted Cox regression. Gene-outcome analysis included 777 024 participants (50 804 cases) from MEGASTROKE (including EPIC-CVD), UK Biobank and EPIC-NL for stroke, and 483 966 participants (61 612 cases) from CARDIoGRAM, UK Biobank, EPIC-CVD and EPIC-NL for CHD. In IV analyses, each additional LP allele was associated with a higher intake of milk in EPIC-CVD (β = 13·7 g/d; 95 % CI 8·4, 19·1) and EPIC-NL (36·8 g/d; 95 % CI 20·0, 53·5). Genetically predicted milk intake was not associated with stroke (HR per 25 g/d 1·05; 95 % CI 0·94, 1·16) or CHD (1·02; 95 % CI 0·96, 1·08). In gene-outcome analyses, there was no association of rs4988235 with risk of stroke (OR 1·02; 95 % CI 0·99, 1·05) or CHD (OR 0·99; 95 % CI 0·95, 1·03). Current Mendelian randomisation analysis does not provide evidence for a causal inverse relationship between milk consumption and stroke or CHD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. E. T. Vissers
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - I. Sluijs
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S. Burgess
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - N. G. Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - H. Freisling
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - F. Imamura
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - T. K. Nilsson
- Department of Medical Biosciences/Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - F. Renström
- Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - E. Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - K. Aleksandrova
- Germany Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - C. C. Dahm
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - A. Perez-Cornago
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - M. B. Schulze
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Germany Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - T. Y. N. Tong
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - D. Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Nutrition, Bjørknes University College, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - C. Bonet
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology-IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. M. A. Boer
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - H. Boeing
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - M. D. Chirlaque
- Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia University, Murcia, Spain
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - M. I. Conchi
- Navarra Public Health Institute – IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Pamplona, Spain
| | - L. Imaz
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - S. Jäger
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - V. Krogh
- Epidemiology and prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Instituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - C. Kyrø
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - G. Masala
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network – ISPRO, Florence, Italy
| | - O. Melander
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Sweden
| | - K. Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - S. Panico
- Dipartemento di medicina clinica e chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - M. J. Sánches
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - E. Sonestedt
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Sweden
| | - A. Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - I. Tzoulaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - W. M. M. Verschuren
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - E. Riboli
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
| | - N. J. Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - J. Danesh
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A. S. Butterworth
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Y. T. van der Schouw
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Ehrhard AA, Gunkel L, Jäger S, Sell AC, Nagata Y, Hunger J. Elucidating Conformation and Hydrogen-Bonding Motifs of Reactive Thiourea Intermediates. ACS Catal 2022; 12:12689-12700. [PMID: 36313523 PMCID: PMC9594049 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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Substituted diphenylthioureas (DPTUs) are efficient hydrogen-bonding
organo-catalysts, and substitution of DPTUs has been shown to greatly
affect catalytic activity. Yet, both the conformation of DPTUs in
solution and the conformation and hydrogen-bonded motifs within catalytically
active intermediates, pertinent to their mode of activation, have
remained elusive. By combining linear and ultrafast vibrational spectroscopy
with spectroscopic simulations and calculations, we show that different
conformational states of thioureas give rise to distinctively different
N–H stretching bands in the infrared spectra. In the absence
of hydrogen-bond-accepting substrates, we show that vibrational structure
and dynamics are highly sensitive to the substitution of DPTUs with
CF3 groups and to the interaction with the solvent environment,
allowing for disentangling the different conformational states. In
contrast to bare diphenylthiourea (0CF-DPTU), we find the catalytically
superior CF3-substituted DPTU (4CF-DPTU) to favor the trans–trans conformation in solution,
allowing for donating two hydrogen bonds to the reactive substrate.
In the presence of a prototypical substrate, DPTUs in trans–trans conformation hydrogen bond to the
substrate’s C=O group, as evidenced by a red-shift of
the N–H vibration. Yet, our time-resolved infrared experiments
indicate that only one N–H group forms a strong hydrogen bond
to the carbonyl moiety, while thiourea’s second N–H
group only weakly interacts with the substrate. Our data indicate
that hydrogen-bond exchange between these N–H groups occurs
on the timescale of a few picoseconds for 0CF-DPTU and is significantly
accelerated upon CF3 substitution. Our results highlight
the subtle interplay between conformational equilibria, bonding states,
and bonding lifetimes in reactive intermediates in thiourea catalysis,
which help rationalize their catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelie A. Ehrhard
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Lucas Gunkel
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Jäger
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Arne C. Sell
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yuki Nagata
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Johannes Hunger
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Jäger S, Dickgiesser S, Tonillo J, Hecht S, Kolmar H, Schröter C. EGFR binding Fc domain-drug conjugates: stable and highly potent cytotoxic molecules mediate selective cell killing. Biol Chem 2021; 403:525-534. [PMID: 34535048 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The exposition of cancer cells to cytotoxic doses of payload is fundamental for the therapeutic efficacy of antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) in solid cancers. To maximize payload exposure, tissue penetration can be increased by utilizing smaller-sized drug conjugates which distribute deeper into the tumor. Our group recently explored small human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) targeting Fc antigen binding fragments (Fcabs) for ADC applications in a feasibility study. Here, we expand this concept using epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeting Fcabs for the generation of site-specific auristatin-based drug conjugates. In contrast to HER2-targeting Fcabs, we identified novel conjugation sites in the EGFR-targeting Fcab scaffold that allowed for higher DAR enzymatic conjugation. We demonstrate feasibility of resultant EGFR-targeting Fcab-drug conjugates that retain binding to half-life prolonging neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) and EGFR and show high serum stability as well as target receptor mediated cell killing at sub-nanomolar concentrations. Our results emphasize the applicability of the Fcab format for the generation of drug conjugates designed for increased penetration of solid tumors and potential FcRn-driven antibody-like pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Jäger
- ADCs & Targeted NBE Therapeutics, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, D-64293Darmstadt, Germany.,Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4, D-64287Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Stephan Dickgiesser
- ADCs & Targeted NBE Therapeutics, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, D-64293Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jason Tonillo
- ADCs & Targeted NBE Therapeutics, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, D-64293Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Stefan Hecht
- ADCs & Targeted NBE Therapeutics, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, D-64293Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Harald Kolmar
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4, D-64287Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Christian Schröter
- ADCs & Targeted NBE Therapeutics, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, D-64293Darmstadt, Germany
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8
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Büchler AC, Dangel M, Frei R, Jäger S, Roth JA, Seth-Smith HMB, Egli A, Widmer AF. Does high adherence to contact precautions lead to low in-hospital transmission of multi-drug-resistant micro-organisms in the endemic setting? J Hosp Infect 2021; 116:53-59. [PMID: 34252477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conflicting results have been published on the impact of contact precautions (CPs) on reduction of transmission of multi-drug-resistant micro-organisms (MDROs) in the endemic setting. Ambiguous definitions coupled with low adherence partly explain these differences. AIM We prospectively monitored the level of adherence to CPs and aimed to relate it to in-hospital transmission of MDROs. METHODS Between January 2016 and March 2018, all patients under CPs underwent continuous monitoring of adherence to CPs by routine on-site visits on days 0, 3 and 7 after initiating CPs using a standardized checklist. The protocol included 10 interventions that were routinely checked such as CP sign at the door as well as wearing of gowns and gloves upon entry to the patient room. Patients requiring CPs were defined as colonized or infected with MDROs (meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), non-Escherichia coli extended-spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) Enterobacterales, vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative micro-organisms (CRGN)) as well as patients infected with respiratory viruses, norovirus, scabies and hypervirulent strains of Clostridioides difficile. FINDINGS Overall, data from 13,756 CP records from 1378 visits of 812 patients were analysed. Adherence varied between 93% and 100% for each intervention, except for "separate space for contaminated material" with an adherence of 5.3-6.1%. The incidence of in-hospital transmission during the study period was extremely low for MRSA, VRE, non-E.coli ESBL Enterobacterales and CRGN with 0.00-0.064 cases/1000 patient days. CONCLUSION High adherence coupled with continuous monitoring of CPs correlated with a very low in-hospital transmission rate. These results indicate that CPs are highly effective if routine monitoring of adherence is implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Büchler
- Division of Infectious Diseases & Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - M Dangel
- Division of Infectious Diseases & Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - R Frei
- Division of Infectious Diseases & Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Jäger
- Division of Infectious Diseases & Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - J A Roth
- Division of Infectious Diseases & Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - H M B Seth-Smith
- Division of Infectious Diseases & Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Applied Microbiology Research, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Egli
- Division of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Applied Microbiology Research, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - A F Widmer
- Division of Infectious Diseases & Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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9
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Abstract
With the increasing importance and complexity of data pipelines, data quality became one of the key challenges in modern software applications. The importance of data quality has been recognized beyond the field of data engineering and database management systems (DBMSs). Also, for machine learning (ML) applications, high data quality standards are crucial to ensure robust predictive performance and responsible usage of automated decision making. One of the most frequent data quality problems is missing values. Incomplete datasets can break data pipelines and can have a devastating impact on downstream ML applications when not detected. While statisticians and, more recently, ML researchers have introduced a variety of approaches to impute missing values, comprehensive benchmarks comparing classical and modern imputation approaches under fair and realistic conditions are underrepresented. Here, we aim to fill this gap. We conduct a comprehensive suite of experiments on a large number of datasets with heterogeneous data and realistic missingness conditions, comparing both novel deep learning approaches and classical ML imputation methods when either only test or train and test data are affected by missing data. Each imputation method is evaluated regarding the imputation quality and the impact imputation has on a downstream ML task. Our results provide valuable insights into the performance of a variety of imputation methods under realistic conditions. We hope that our results help researchers and engineers to guide their data preprocessing method selection for automated data quality improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arndt Allhorn
- Beuth University of Applied Sciences, Berlin, Germany
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10
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Jäger S, Wagner TR, Rasche N, Kolmar H, Hecht S, Schröter C. Generation and Biological Evaluation of Fc Antigen Binding Fragment-Drug Conjugates as a Novel Antibody-Based Format for Targeted Drug Delivery. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:1699-1710. [PMID: 34185508 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Fragment crystallizable (Fc) antigen binding fragments (Fcabs) represent a novel antibody format comprising a homodimeric Fc region with an engineered antigen binding site. In contrast to their full-length antibody offspring, Fcabs combine Fc-domain-mediated and antigen binding functions at only one-third of the size. Their reduced size is accompanied by elevated tissue penetration capabilities, which is an attractive feature for the treatment of solid tumors. In the present study, we explored for the first time Fcabs as a novel scaffold for antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). As model, various HER2-targeting Fcab variants coupled to a pH-sensitive dye were used in internalization experiments. A selective binding on HER2-expressing tumor cells and receptor-mediated endocytosis could be confirmed for selected variants, indicating that these Fcabs meet the basic prerequisite for an ADC approach. Subsequently, Fcabs were site-specifically coupled to cytotoxic monomethyl auristatin E yielding homogeneous conjugates. The conjugates retained HER2 and FcRn binding behavior of the parent Fcabs, showed a selective in vitro cell killing and conjugation site-dependent serum stability. Moreover, Fcab conjugates showed elevated penetration in a spheroid model, compared to their full-length antibody and Trastuzumab counterparts. Altogether, the presented results emphasize the potential of Fcabs as a novel scaffold for targeted drug delivery in solid cancers and pave the way for future in vivo translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Jäger
- ADCs & Targeted NBE Therapeutics, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany.,Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Tim R Wagner
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Nicolas Rasche
- ADCs & Targeted NBE Therapeutics, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Harald Kolmar
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Stefan Hecht
- ADCs & Targeted NBE Therapeutics, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Christian Schröter
- ADCs & Targeted NBE Therapeutics, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
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11
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Kretzer JP, Uhler M, Jäger S, Bormann T, Sonntag R, Schonhoff M, Schröder S. [Tribology in hip arthroplasty : Benefits of different materials]. Orthopade 2021; 50:259-269. [PMID: 33630110 DOI: 10.1007/s00132-021-04077-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
When it comes to total hip replacements, choosing the suitable material combination is of clinical relevance. The present review article examines the technical differences in wear and corrosion of the relevant material combinations of ceramics, metals, ceramized metals and various types of polyethylene. The material characteristics, which were often tested under standardized conditions in the laboratory, are compared with clinical results on the basis of evidence-graded clinical studies and on the basis of register studies. This article thus represents an up-to-date snapshot of the expectations and actual clinical outcomes of the present choice of material combinations. It shows that some tendencies from the field of materials research, e.g. with regard to cross-linked polyethylene, coincide with observations from practical clinical experience, while for other materials, a proven technical superiority has not yet been confirmed as an evident advantage in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Philippe Kretzer
- Klinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Labor für Biomechanik und Implantatforschung, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
| | - Maximilian Uhler
- Klinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Labor für Biomechanik und Implantatforschung, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - Sebastian Jäger
- Klinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Labor für Biomechanik und Implantatforschung, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - Therese Bormann
- Klinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Labor für Biomechanik und Implantatforschung, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - Robert Sonntag
- Klinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Labor für Biomechanik und Implantatforschung, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - Mareike Schonhoff
- Klinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Labor für Biomechanik und Implantatforschung, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - Stefan Schröder
- Klinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Labor für Biomechanik und Implantatforschung, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Deutschland
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12
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Schwarze M, Schonhoff M, Beckmann NA, Eckert JA, Bitsch RG, Jäger S. Femoral Cementation in Knee Arthroplasty-A Comparison of Three Cementing Techniques in a Sawbone Model Using the ATTUNE Knee. J Knee Surg 2021; 34:258-266. [PMID: 31434146 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1694795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Femoral component loosening is a rare but severe complication in total knee arthroplasty. Former studies have repeatedly demonstrated radiolucent lines behind the ventral and dorsal anchoring shields of the femoral components, which has led us to investigate this matter further. Therefore, three different cementing techniques were tested in a group of nine Sawbone samples each. These differed in the amount of cement applied on the femoral component as well as in the pressure application. Computed tomography was performed to evaluate and classify the cement penetration into the bone adjacent to the prosthesis according to the zones defined by the Knee Society scoring system. The results show significantly deeper cement penetration in all zones when a pressurizer is used. In the other two groups, no significant difference in the dorsal bevel cement penetration was noted. Additionally, no difference in ventral and dorsal cement penetrations (Zones 1 and 4) was delineated. In contrast, there was a significant difference in both the ventral bevel (Zone 2) as well as the distal anchoring surface (Zones 5-7). The use of a pressurizer results in greater cement penetration into all anchoring areas. Completely covering the component back surface results in a significantly higher penetration, which is mainly due to differences in volume. These data show significantly improved cementation results when using a pressurizer. Whether this improves the biomechanical properties and ultimately the revision rate requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schwarze
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Schonhoff
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Center for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - N A Beckmann
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J A Eckert
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R G Bitsch
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,ATOS Clinic Heidelberg, Bismarckstrasse, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Jäger
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Center for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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13
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Tschöpe C, Van Linthout S, Jäger S, Arndt R, Trippel T, Müller I, Elsanhoury A, Rutschow S, Anker SD, Schultheiss HP, Pauschinger M, Spillmann F, Pappritz K. Modulation of the acute defence reaction by eplerenone prevents cardiac disease progression in viral myocarditis. ESC Heart Fail 2020; 7:2838-2852. [PMID: 32662949 PMCID: PMC7405199 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in viral myocarditis is attributed to myocardial inflammation and fibrosis, inducing acute and long‐time cardiac damage. Interventions are not established. On the basis of the link between inflammation, fibrosis, aldosterone, and extracellular matrix regulation, we aimed to investigate the effect of an early intervention with the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) eplerenone on cardiac remodelling in a murine model of persistent coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)‐induced myocarditis. Methods and results SWR/J mice were infected with 5 × 104 plaque‐forming units of CVB3 (Nancy strain) and daily treated either with eplerenone (200 mg/kg body weight) or with placebo starting from Day 1. At Day 8 or 28 post infection, mice were haemodynamically characterized and subsequently sacrificed for immunohistological and molecular biology analyses. Eplerenone did not influence CVB3 load. Already at Day 8, 1.8‐fold (P < 0.05), 1.4‐fold (P < 0.05), 3.2‐fold (P < 0.01), and 2.1‐fold (P < 0.001) reduction in LV intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression, presence of monocytes/macrophages, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, respectively, was observed in eplerenone‐treated vs. untreated CVB3‐infected mice. In vitro, eplerenone led to 1.4‐fold (P < 0.01) and 1.2‐fold (P < 0.01) less CVB3‐induced cardiomyocyte oxidative stress and apoptosis. Furthermore, collagen production was 1.1‐fold (P < 0.05) decreased in cardiac fibroblasts cultured with medium of eplerenone‐treated vs. untreated CVB3‐infected HL‐1 cardiomyocytes. These ameliorations were in vivo translated into prevention of cardiac fibrosis, as shown by 1.4‐fold (P < 0.01) and 2.1‐fold (P < 0.001) lower collagen content in the LV of eplerenone‐treated vs. untreated CVB3‐infected mice at Days 8 and 28, respectively. This resulted in an early and long‐lasting improvement of LV dimension and function, as indicated by reduced LV end‐systolic volume and end‐diastolic volume, and an increase in LV contractility (dP/dtmax) and LV relaxation (dP/dtmin), respectively (P < 0.05). Conclusions Early intervention with the MRA eplerenone modulates the acute host and defence reaction and prevents cardiac disease progression in experimental CVB3‐induced myocarditis without aggravation of viral load. The findings advocate for an initiation of therapy of viral myocarditis as early as possible, even before the onset of inflammation‐induced myocardial dysfunction. This may also have implications for coronavirus disease‐19 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Tschöpe
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sophie Van Linthout
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Jäger
- Department of Cardiology, Alexianer Hospital Hedwigshöhe, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Arndt
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin (CBF), Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Trippel
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Irene Müller
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ahmed Elsanhoury
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Rutschow
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology Johanniter-Kliniken, Stendal, Germany
| | - Stefan D Anker
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Pauschinger
- Department of Cardiology, Paracelsus University, Klinikum Nürnberg, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Frank Spillmann
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Kathleen Pappritz
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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14
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Bormann T, Jäger S, Kretzer JP, Nebel L, Clarius L, Omlor G, Bitsch R, Lehner B. Retrieval Analysis of Modern Knee Tumor Megaendoprosthesis Shows Considerable Volumetric Metal Wear Generated at the Rotating Hinge. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:ma13071519. [PMID: 32224971 PMCID: PMC7178100 DOI: 10.3390/ma13071519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Frequently occurring damage, as well as elevated blood metal ion levels, are reported in relation to a tumor and revision system for total knee arthroplasty (TKA), which applies a rotating hinge coupling with a metal-on-metal (MoM) articulation. As the patient collective for this specific system is small, there is no data on wear generated from the couplings. In this study, wear volume and influencing parameters were investigated at 44 retrieved TKAs with MoM couplings. A scoring system rating frequently occurring abrasive wear between 0 (no wear) and 3 (distinct wear) was established. The wear score was correlated to time in vivo, bone resection length, patient weight and polyethylene inlay damage. Volumetric wear was estimated applying coordinate measurements. An elevated wear score of two or higher was found in 43% of cases. The mean wear rate accounted to 7.8 mm3/year. The main influencing coefficient for the extent of wear is time in vivo. We found a tendency for higher wear scores with higher inlay degradation scores. Patient weight and bone resection length did not impact coupling wear. Assessment of wear damage by a semi-quantitative scoring system has proven to be a reliable option for non-destructive coupling evaluation. The generated wear volume is high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therese Bormann
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.J.); (J.P.K.); (L.N.); (L.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Sebastian Jäger
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.J.); (J.P.K.); (L.N.); (L.C.)
| | - J. Philippe Kretzer
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.J.); (J.P.K.); (L.N.); (L.C.)
| | - Laura Nebel
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.J.); (J.P.K.); (L.N.); (L.C.)
| | - Lucas Clarius
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (S.J.); (J.P.K.); (L.N.); (L.C.)
| | - Georg Omlor
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (G.O.); (B.L.)
| | - Rudi Bitsch
- ATOS Clinic Heidelberg, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Burkhard Lehner
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (G.O.); (B.L.)
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15
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Abstract
The antibody repertoire of cartilaginous fish comprises an additional heavy-chain-only antibody isotype that is referred to as IgNAR (immunoglobulin novel antigen receptor). Its antigen-binding site consists of one single domain (vNAR) that is reportedly able to engage a respective antigen with affinities similar to those achieved by conventional antibodies. While vNAR domains offer a reduced size, which is often favorable for applications in a therapeutic as well as a biotechnological setup, they also exhibit a high physicochemical stability. Together with their ability to target difficult-to-address antigens such as virus particles or toxins, these shark-derived antibody domains seem to be predestined as tools for biotechnological and diagnostic applications. In the following chapter, we will describe the isolation of anti-idiotypic vNAR domains targeting monoclonal antibody paratopes from semi-synthetic, yeast-displayed libraries. Anti-idiotypic vNAR variants could be employed for the characterization of antibody-based therapeutics (such as antibody-drug conjugates) or as positive controls in immunogenicity assays. Peculiarly, when using semi-synthetic vNAR libraries, we found that it is not necessary to deplete the libraries using unrelated antibody targets, which enables a fast and facile screening procedure that exclusively delivers anti-idiotypic binders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doreen Könning
- Antibody-Drug Conjugates and Targeted NBE Therapeutics, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Stefan Zielonka
- Protein Engineering and Antibody Technologies (PEAT), Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Anna Kaempffe
- Antibody-Drug Conjugates and Targeted NBE Therapeutics, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.,Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Sebastian Jäger
- Antibody-Drug Conjugates and Targeted NBE Therapeutics, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.,Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Harald Kolmar
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Christian Schröter
- Antibody-Drug Conjugates and Targeted NBE Therapeutics, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.
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16
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Ehrhard AA, Jäger S, Malm C, Basaran S, Hunger J. CF3-groups critically enhance the binding of thiourea catalysts to ketones – a NMR and FT-IR study. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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17
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Jäger S, Gude L, Arias-Pérez MS. 4,5-Diazafluorene N-glycopyranosyl hydrazones as scaffolds for potential bioactive metallo-organic compounds: Synthesis, structural study and cytotoxic activity. Bioorg Chem 2018; 81:405-413. [PMID: 30205247 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel N1-(4,5-diazafluoren-9-yliden)-N2-glycopyranosyl hydrazines was prepared in synthetically useful yields by treatment of 9H-4,5-diazafluoren-9-hydrazone with different unprotected monosaccharides. The reactions with the monosaccharides tested afforded stereoselectively, and exclusively, cyclic derivatives, whose structures correspond to N-β-glycopyranosyl hydrazones except for the d-arabinose derivative that agrees with the α-anomer. Several copper(II) complexes having a 2:1 ligand to metal mole ratio were also prepared. The metal complexes can bind DNA sequences and preferentially stabilize G-quadruplex DNA structures over dsDNA. The fucose, rhamnose and deoxyglucose copper(II) complexes exhibited a cytotoxic activity against cultured HeLa and PC3 tumor cells comparable to other metal complexes normally used for chemotherapeutic purposes, such as cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Jäger
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805-Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lourdes Gude
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805-Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, 28805-Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Selma Arias-Pérez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805-Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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18
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Fulmes J, Gollmer DA, Jäger S, Schäfer C, Horrer A, Zhang D, Adam PM, Meixner AJ, Kern DP, Fleischer M. Mapping the electric field distribution of tightly focused cylindrical vector beams with gold nanorings. Opt Express 2018; 26:14982-14998. [PMID: 30114752 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.014982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this paper gold nanorings (NRs) are applied as particularly well-suited sensing elements for mapping the radially symmetric electric fields in the high numerical aperture focus of cylindrical vector beams. The optical properties of gold nanorings are analyzed by a combination of extinction and single particle dark field spectroscopy as well as confocal photoluminescence (PL) imaging. The results are compared to numerical calculations. The in-plane components in the focus of the cylindrical vector beams are estimated through the PL intensity distributions of the NRs. The optimum overlap between the structure and excitation is visualized by a narrow centre spot in the far-field PL scan.
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Fitz W, Jäger S, Rieger JS, Seebach E, Bitsch RG. Femoral rotation in total knee arthroplasty: a comparison of patient individualized jigs with gap balancing in relation to anatomic landmarks. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2017; 25:1712-1719. [PMID: 26499998 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-015-3836-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of our study was to compare the accuracy of the rotational position of the femoral component in total knee arthroplasty aligned with patient individualized jigs (PSJ) to a gap balancing technique (GBT). METHODS A consecutive series of 21 osteoarthritic patients were treated with 22 cruciate-retaining total knee prostheses. During surgery, the rotation of the femoral component pinholes was recorded for all knees using PSJ and GBT and transferred to computer tomograms (CT). The rotational differences between PSJ and GBT relative to the transepicondylar axis were analysed. RESULTS The medium rotation of the femoral component pinholes was 1.3° ± 5.1° (min = -6.3°; max = 14.4°) for PSJ and 0.1 ± 1.4° (min = -1.6°; max = 3.4°) for GBT. Outliers of more than 3° were found more frequently with PSJ in 12 cases but only in one for GBT. CONCLUSION Based on our study, we would not recommend relying intra-operatively solely on the CT-based PSJ without the option to adjust or control femoral rotation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Fitz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's and Brigham Faulkner Hospital, 850 Boylston Street, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA
| | - S Jäger
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Department of Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200A, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J S Rieger
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Department of Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200A, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - E Seebach
- Research Centre for Experimental Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200A, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R G Bitsch
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Department of Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200A, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Haeusler KG, Wollboldt C, Bentheim LZ, Herm J, Jäger S, Kunze C, Eberle HC, Deluigi CC, Bruder O, Malsch C, Heuschmann PU, Endres M, Audebert HJ, Morguet AJ, Jensen C, Fiebach JB. Feasibility and Diagnostic Value of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging After Acute Ischemic Stroke of Undetermined Origin. Stroke 2017; 48:1241-1247. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.116.016227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose—
Etiology of acute ischemic stroke remains undetermined (cryptogenic) in about 25% of patients after state-of-the-art diagnostic work-up.
Methods—
One-hundred and three patients with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–proven acute ischemic stroke of undetermined origin were prospectively enrolled and underwent 3-T cardiac MRI and magnetic resonance angiography of the aortic arch in addition to state-of-the-art diagnostic work-up, including transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). We analyzed the feasibility, diagnostic accuracy, and added value of cardiovascular MRI (cvMRI) compared with TEE for detecting sources of stroke.
Results—
Overall, 102 (99.0%) ischemic stroke patients (median 63 years [interquartile range, 53–72], 24% female, median NIHSS (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale) score on admission 2 [interquartile range, 1–4]) underwent cvMRI and TEE in hospital; 89 (86.4%) patients completed the cvMRI examination. In 93 cryptogenic stroke patients, a high-risk embolic source was found in 9 (8.7%) patients by cvMRI and in 11 (11.8%) patients by echocardiography, respectively. cvMRI and echocardiography findings were consistent in 80 (86.0%) patients, resulting in a degree of agreement of κ=0.24. In 82 patients with cryptogenic stroke according to routine work-up, including TEE, cvMRI identified stroke etiology in additional 5 (6.1%) patients. Late gadolinium enhancement consistent with previous myocardial infarction was found in 13 (14.6%) out of 89 stroke patients completing cvMRI. Only 2 of these 13 patients had known coronary artery disease.
Conclusions—
Our study demonstrated that cvMRI was feasible in the vast majority of included patients with acute ischemic stroke. The diagnostic information of cvMRI seems to be complementary to TEE but is not replacing echocardiography after acute ischemic stroke.
Clinical Trial Registration—
URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01917955.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Georg Haeusler
- From the Department of Neurology (K.G.H., C.W., L.z.B., J.H., M.E., H.J.A.) and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (K.G.H., C.K., M.E., H.J.A., J.B.F.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Contilia Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Elisabeth-Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (H.-C.E., C.C.D., O.B., C.J.); Department of Cardiology, Alexianer Berlin Krankenhaus Hedwigshöhe, Germany (S.J.); Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University Würzburg and
| | - Christian Wollboldt
- From the Department of Neurology (K.G.H., C.W., L.z.B., J.H., M.E., H.J.A.) and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (K.G.H., C.K., M.E., H.J.A., J.B.F.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Contilia Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Elisabeth-Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (H.-C.E., C.C.D., O.B., C.J.); Department of Cardiology, Alexianer Berlin Krankenhaus Hedwigshöhe, Germany (S.J.); Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University Würzburg and
| | - Laura zu Bentheim
- From the Department of Neurology (K.G.H., C.W., L.z.B., J.H., M.E., H.J.A.) and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (K.G.H., C.K., M.E., H.J.A., J.B.F.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Contilia Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Elisabeth-Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (H.-C.E., C.C.D., O.B., C.J.); Department of Cardiology, Alexianer Berlin Krankenhaus Hedwigshöhe, Germany (S.J.); Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University Würzburg and
| | - Juliane Herm
- From the Department of Neurology (K.G.H., C.W., L.z.B., J.H., M.E., H.J.A.) and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (K.G.H., C.K., M.E., H.J.A., J.B.F.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Contilia Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Elisabeth-Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (H.-C.E., C.C.D., O.B., C.J.); Department of Cardiology, Alexianer Berlin Krankenhaus Hedwigshöhe, Germany (S.J.); Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University Würzburg and
| | - Sebastian Jäger
- From the Department of Neurology (K.G.H., C.W., L.z.B., J.H., M.E., H.J.A.) and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (K.G.H., C.K., M.E., H.J.A., J.B.F.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Contilia Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Elisabeth-Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (H.-C.E., C.C.D., O.B., C.J.); Department of Cardiology, Alexianer Berlin Krankenhaus Hedwigshöhe, Germany (S.J.); Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University Würzburg and
| | - Claudia Kunze
- From the Department of Neurology (K.G.H., C.W., L.z.B., J.H., M.E., H.J.A.) and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (K.G.H., C.K., M.E., H.J.A., J.B.F.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Contilia Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Elisabeth-Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (H.-C.E., C.C.D., O.B., C.J.); Department of Cardiology, Alexianer Berlin Krankenhaus Hedwigshöhe, Germany (S.J.); Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University Würzburg and
| | - Holger-Carsten Eberle
- From the Department of Neurology (K.G.H., C.W., L.z.B., J.H., M.E., H.J.A.) and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (K.G.H., C.K., M.E., H.J.A., J.B.F.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Contilia Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Elisabeth-Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (H.-C.E., C.C.D., O.B., C.J.); Department of Cardiology, Alexianer Berlin Krankenhaus Hedwigshöhe, Germany (S.J.); Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University Würzburg and
| | - Claudia Christina Deluigi
- From the Department of Neurology (K.G.H., C.W., L.z.B., J.H., M.E., H.J.A.) and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (K.G.H., C.K., M.E., H.J.A., J.B.F.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Contilia Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Elisabeth-Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (H.-C.E., C.C.D., O.B., C.J.); Department of Cardiology, Alexianer Berlin Krankenhaus Hedwigshöhe, Germany (S.J.); Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University Würzburg and
| | - Oliver Bruder
- From the Department of Neurology (K.G.H., C.W., L.z.B., J.H., M.E., H.J.A.) and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (K.G.H., C.K., M.E., H.J.A., J.B.F.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Contilia Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Elisabeth-Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (H.-C.E., C.C.D., O.B., C.J.); Department of Cardiology, Alexianer Berlin Krankenhaus Hedwigshöhe, Germany (S.J.); Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University Würzburg and
| | - Carolin Malsch
- From the Department of Neurology (K.G.H., C.W., L.z.B., J.H., M.E., H.J.A.) and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (K.G.H., C.K., M.E., H.J.A., J.B.F.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Contilia Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Elisabeth-Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (H.-C.E., C.C.D., O.B., C.J.); Department of Cardiology, Alexianer Berlin Krankenhaus Hedwigshöhe, Germany (S.J.); Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University Würzburg and
| | - Peter U. Heuschmann
- From the Department of Neurology (K.G.H., C.W., L.z.B., J.H., M.E., H.J.A.) and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (K.G.H., C.K., M.E., H.J.A., J.B.F.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Contilia Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Elisabeth-Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (H.-C.E., C.C.D., O.B., C.J.); Department of Cardiology, Alexianer Berlin Krankenhaus Hedwigshöhe, Germany (S.J.); Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University Würzburg and
| | - Matthias Endres
- From the Department of Neurology (K.G.H., C.W., L.z.B., J.H., M.E., H.J.A.) and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (K.G.H., C.K., M.E., H.J.A., J.B.F.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Contilia Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Elisabeth-Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (H.-C.E., C.C.D., O.B., C.J.); Department of Cardiology, Alexianer Berlin Krankenhaus Hedwigshöhe, Germany (S.J.); Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University Würzburg and
| | - Heinrich J. Audebert
- From the Department of Neurology (K.G.H., C.W., L.z.B., J.H., M.E., H.J.A.) and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (K.G.H., C.K., M.E., H.J.A., J.B.F.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Contilia Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Elisabeth-Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (H.-C.E., C.C.D., O.B., C.J.); Department of Cardiology, Alexianer Berlin Krankenhaus Hedwigshöhe, Germany (S.J.); Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University Würzburg and
| | - Andreas J. Morguet
- From the Department of Neurology (K.G.H., C.W., L.z.B., J.H., M.E., H.J.A.) and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (K.G.H., C.K., M.E., H.J.A., J.B.F.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Contilia Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Elisabeth-Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (H.-C.E., C.C.D., O.B., C.J.); Department of Cardiology, Alexianer Berlin Krankenhaus Hedwigshöhe, Germany (S.J.); Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University Würzburg and
| | - Christoph Jensen
- From the Department of Neurology (K.G.H., C.W., L.z.B., J.H., M.E., H.J.A.) and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (K.G.H., C.K., M.E., H.J.A., J.B.F.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Contilia Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Elisabeth-Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (H.-C.E., C.C.D., O.B., C.J.); Department of Cardiology, Alexianer Berlin Krankenhaus Hedwigshöhe, Germany (S.J.); Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University Würzburg and
| | - Jochen B. Fiebach
- From the Department of Neurology (K.G.H., C.W., L.z.B., J.H., M.E., H.J.A.) and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (K.G.H., C.K., M.E., H.J.A., J.B.F.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Contilia Heart and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Elisabeth-Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (H.-C.E., C.C.D., O.B., C.J.); Department of Cardiology, Alexianer Berlin Krankenhaus Hedwigshöhe, Germany (S.J.); Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University Würzburg and
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Twardziok M, Meierhofer D, Börno S, Timmermann B, Jäger S, Boral S, Eggert A, Delebinski CI, Seifert G. Transcriptomic and proteomic insight into the effects of a defined European mistletoe extract in Ewing sarcoma cells reveals cellular stress responses. BMC Complement Altern Med 2017; 17:237. [PMID: 28454538 PMCID: PMC5410041 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1715-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hydrophobic triterpenes, oleanolic and betulinic acid as well as the hydrophilic mistletoe lectins and viscotoxins possess anticancer properties. They do all occur in combination in European mistletoe (Viscum album L.). Commercial Viscum album L. extracts are aqueous, excluding the insoluble triterpenes. We have previously shown that mistletoe lectins and triterpene acids are effective against Ewing sarcoma in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo. METHODS We recreated a total mistletoe effect (viscumTT) by combining an aqueous extract (viscum) and a triterpene extract (TT) solubilised with cyclodextrins and analysed the effects of viscumTT and the single extracts on TC-71 Ewing sarcoma cells in vitro by transcriptomic and proteomic profiling. RESULTS Treatment with the extracts strongly impacted Ewing sarcoma cell gene and protein expression. Apoptosis-associated and stress-activated genes were upregulated, proteasomal protein abundance enhanced and ribosomal and spliceosomal proteins downregulated. The mechanism of action of viscum, TT and viscumTT in TC-71 and MHH-ES-1 cells suggests the involvement of the unfolded protein response. While viscum and viscumTT extract treatment indicate response to oxidative stress and activation of stress-mediated MAPK signalling, TT extract treatment suggests the involvement of TLR signalling and autophagy. CONCLUSIONS Since the combinatory extract viscumTT exerts highly effective pro-apoptotic effects on Ewing sarcoma cells in vitro, this phytopolychemotherapy could be a promising adjuvant therapeutic option for paediatric patients with Ewing sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Twardziok
- Department of Paediatric Oncology/Hematology, Otto Heubner Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (OHC), Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Paediatrics, Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - D Meierhofer
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Börno
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - B Timmermann
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Jäger
- Birken AG, Niefern-Oeschelbronn, Germany
| | - Sengül Boral
- Department of Pathology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Eggert
- Department of Paediatric Oncology/Hematology, Otto Heubner Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (OHC), Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - C I Delebinski
- Department of Paediatric Oncology/Hematology, Otto Heubner Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (OHC), Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - G Seifert
- Department of Paediatric Oncology/Hematology, Otto Heubner Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (OHC), Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
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Schwarze M, Borsai V, Bitsch RG, Eckert JA, Jäger S. Letter to the Editor - "Cementing the femoral component in total knee arthroplasty: Which technique is the best?" by Michaël Vaninbroukx et al. Knee 2017; 24:491-493. [PMID: 28109553 DOI: 10.1016/j.knee.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Schwarze
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Virag Borsai
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Rudi Georg Bitsch
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Johannes Adrian Eckert
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Jäger
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Twardziok M, Kleinsimon S, Rolff J, Jäger S, Eggert A, Seifert G, Delebinski CI. Multiple Active Compounds from Viscum album L. Synergistically Converge to Promote Apoptosis in Ewing Sarcoma. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159749. [PMID: 27589063 PMCID: PMC5010293 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma is the second most common bone cancer in children and adolescents, with poor prognosis and outcome in ~70% of initial diagnoses and 10-15% of relapses. Hydrophobic triterpene acids and hydrophilic lectins and viscotoxins from European mistletoe (Viscum album L.) demonstrate anticancer properties, but have not yet been investigated for Ewing sarcoma. Commercial Viscum album L. extracts are aqueous, excluding the insoluble triterpenes. We recreated a total mistletoe effect by combining an aqueous extract (viscum) and a triterpene extract (TT) solubilized with cyclodextrins. Ewing sarcoma cells were treated with viscum, TT and viscumTT in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo. In vitro and ex vivo treatment of Ewing sarcoma cells with viscum inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent fashion, while viscumTT combination treatment generated a synergistic effect. Apoptosis occurred via intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways, evidenced by activation of both CASP8 and CASP9. We show that viscumTT treatment shifts the balance of apoptotic regulatory proteins towards apoptosis, mainly via CLSPN, MCL1, BIRC5 and XIAP downregulation. ViscumTT also demonstrated strong antitumor activity in a cell line- and patient-derived mouse model, and may be considered an adjuvant therapy option for pediatric patients with Ewing sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Twardziok
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Otto Heubner Centre for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine (OHC), Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susann Kleinsimon
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Otto Heubner Centre for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine (OHC), Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Jana Rolff
- EPO GmbH, Experimental Pharmacology & Oncology, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Angelika Eggert
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Otto Heubner Centre for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine (OHC), Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Seifert
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Otto Heubner Centre for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine (OHC), Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Catharina I. Delebinski
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Otto Heubner Centre for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine (OHC), Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
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Kleinsimon S, Rolff J, Jäger S, Seifert G, Delebinski CI. Well tolerated triterpene-containing mistletoe extract viscumTT reduces tumor volume in pediatric sarcoma xenografts. Eur J Integr Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2016.08.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Meixner AJ, Jäger R, Jäger S, Bräuer A, Scherzinger K, Fulmes J, Krockhaus SZO, Gollmer DA, Kern DP, Fleischer M. Coupling single quantum dots to plasmonic nanocones: optical properties. Faraday Discuss 2015; 184:321-37. [PMID: 26404008 DOI: 10.1039/c5fd00074b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Coupling a single quantum emitter, such as a fluorescent molecule or a quantum dot (QD), to a plasmonic nanostructure is an important issue in nano-optics and nano-spectroscopy, relevant for a wide range of applications, including tip-enhanced near-field optical microscopy, plasmon enhanced molecular sensing and spectroscopy, and nanophotonic amplifiers or nanolasers, to mention only a few. While the field enhancement of a sharp nanoantenna increasing the excitation rate of a very closely positioned single molecule or QD has been well investigated, the detailed physical mechanisms involved in the emission of a photon from such a system are, by far, less investigated. In one of our ongoing research projects, we try to address these issues by constructing and spectroscopically analysing geometrically simple hybrid heterostructures consisting of sharp gold cones with single quantum dots attached to the very tip apex. An important goal of this work is to tune the longitudinal plasmon resonance by adjusting the cones' geometry to the emission maximum of the core-shell CdSe/ZnS QDs at nominally 650 nm. Luminescence spectra of the bare cones, pure QDs and hybrid systems were distinguished successfully. In the next steps we will further investigate, experimentally and theoretically, the optical properties of the coupled systems in more detail, such as the fluorescence spectra, blinking statistics, and the current results on the fluorescence lifetimes, and compare them with uncoupled QDs to obtain a clearer picture of the radiative and non-radiative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfred J Meixner
- Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Sensors & Analytics (LISA+), Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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Fulmes J, Jäger R, Bräuer A, Schäfer C, Jäger S, Gollmer DA, Horrer A, Nadler E, Chassé T, Zhang D, Meixner AJ, Kern DP, Fleischer M. Self-aligned placement and detection of quantum dots on the tips of individual conical plasmonic nanostructures. Nanoscale 2015; 7:14691-14696. [PMID: 26280199 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr03546e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid structures of few or single quantum dots (QDs) coupled to single optical antennas are of prime interest for nano-optical research. The photoluminescence (PL) signal from single nanoemitters, such as QDs, can be enhanced, and their emission characteristics modified, by coupling them to plasmonic nanostructures. Here, a self-aligned technique for placing nanoscale QDs with about 10 nm lateral accuracy and well-defined molecular distances to the tips of individual nanocones is reported. This way the QDs are positioned exactly in the high near-field region that can be created near the cone apex. The cones are excited in the focus of a radially polarized laser beam and the PL signal of few or single QDs on the cone tips is spectrally detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Fulmes
- Institute for Applied Physics, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen and Center LISA+, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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Delebinski CI, Twardziok M, Kleinsimon S, Hoff F, Mulsow K, Rolff J, Jäger S, Eggert A, Seifert G. A Natural Combination Extract of Viscum album L. Containing Both Triterpene Acids and Lectins Is Highly Effective against AML In Vivo. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0133892. [PMID: 26244918 PMCID: PMC4526680 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aqueous Viscum album L. extracts are widely used in complementary cancer medicine. Hydrophobic triterpene acids also possess anti-cancer properties, but due to their low solubility they do not occur in significant amounts in aqueous extracts. Using cyclodextrins we solubilised mistletoe triterpenes (mainly oleanolic acid) and investigated the effect of a mistletoe whole plant extract on human acute myeloid leukaemia cells in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo. Single Viscum album L. extracts containing only solubilised triterpene acids (TT) or lectins (viscum) inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in vitro and ex vivo. The combination of viscum and TT extracts (viscumTT) enhanced the induction of apoptosis synergistically. The experiments demonstrated that all three extracts are able to induce apoptosis via caspase-8 and -9 dependent pathways with down-regulation of members of the inhibitor of apoptosis and Bcl-2 families of proteins. Finally, the acute myeloid leukaemia mouse model experiment confirmed the therapeutic effectiveness of viscumTT-treatment resulting in significant tumour weight reduction, comparable to the effect in cytarabine-treated mice. These results suggest that the combination viscumTT may have a potential therapeutic value for the treatment AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina I. Delebinski
- Department of Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, Otto Heubner Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (OHC), Charité –Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Monika Twardziok
- Department of Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, Otto Heubner Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (OHC), Charité –Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susann Kleinsimon
- Department of Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, Otto Heubner Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (OHC), Charité –Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Hoff
- Department of Cell Biology and Cell Pathology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Angelika Eggert
- Department of Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, Otto Heubner Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (OHC), Charité –Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Seifert
- Department of Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, Otto Heubner Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (OHC), Charité –Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Kleinsimon S, Delebinski CI, Kauczor G, Jäger S, Rolff J, Eggert A, Seiferti G. Whole mistletoe extract viscumTT has anti-cancer effects in osteosarcoma in vitro and in vivo. Klin Padiatr 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1550257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Delebinski C, Twardziok M, Kleinsimon S, Rolff J, Jäger S, Eggert A, Seifert G. A natural combination extract of Viscum album L. containing triterpene acids and Iectins is highly effective against AML in vivo. Klin Padiatr 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1550245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Seeger JB, Schikschneit JP, Schuld C, Rupp R, Jäger S, Schmitt H, Maier GS, Clarius M. Change of gait in patients with lateral osteoarthritis of the knee after mobile-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2015; 23:2049-54. [PMID: 24671384 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-014-2944-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients with lateral osteoarthritis of the knee suffer not only from pain but also impaired gait and limited mobility. Common treatment options are total knee replacement and lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). The domed lateral mobile-bearing Oxford Uni is a new treatment option for patients with isolated osteoarthritis of the lateral compartment of the knee joint. We used instrumented gait analysis and clinical scores to study patients before and after lateral UKA. METHODS Nineteen patients suffering from lateral osteoarthritis underwent implantation of a mobile-bearing lateral UKA. They were examined in a gait analysis before the operation and after an average follow-up time of 7 months. Gait analysis was performed on a treadmill with six infrared cameras to identify gait characteristics (e.g. velocity, stride time, stride length, knee abduction or hip adduction). RESULTS Mean velocity changed from 0.58 to 0.73 m/s. Significant advancements were also found in knee abduction and hip adduction. Time and length of strides improved significantly as well as the clinical scores American Knee Society Score, Oxford-12, FFb-H-OA and Devane Score. CONCLUSION Patients with lateral osteoarthritis of the knee showed an impaired gait with an increased knee abduction and hip adduction angle. Implantation of a lateral mobile UKA can restore normal axis of the leg and improve gait and function of the knee. Instrumented gait analysis is a suitable measuring instrument to quantify and qualify the post-operative change of gait. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Seeger
- Department of Orthopaedics and Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg (UKGM), Klinikstraße 33, 35392, Giessen, Germany,
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Klotz MCM, Beckmann NA, Bitsch RG, Seebach E, Reiner T, Jäger S. Bone quality assessment for total hip arthroplasty with intraoperative trabecular torque measurements. J Orthop Surg Res 2014; 9:109. [PMID: 25391790 PMCID: PMC4251677 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-014-0109-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In cases of poor bone quality, intraoperative torque measurement might be an alternative to preoperative dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to assess bone quality in total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods Trabecular peak torque measurement was applied in 14 paired fresh frozen human femurs. Here, a 6.5 × 23 mm wingblade was inserted into the proximal femur without harming the lateral cortical bone. Further tests of the proximal femur also evaluated bone strength (DXA, micro-computed tomography (μCT), monoaxial compression test), and the results were compared to the trabecular torque measurement. Student’s t-test was used to compare the values of the groups. Pearson product–moment was applied to correlate the values of the peak torque measurement with the bone strength measured by DXA, μCT, and monoaxial compression test. Results In the femoral head, the mean trabecular peak torque was 4.38 ± 1.86 Nm. These values showed a strong correlation with the values of the DXA, the μCT, and the biomechanical load test (Pearson’s product–moment: DXA: 0.86, μCT-BMD: 0.80, load test: 0.85). Furthermore, the torque measurement showed a more pronounced correlation with the biomechanical load test compared to the DXA. Conclusions The use of this method provides highly diagnostic information about bone quality. Since the approach was adjusted for THA, no harm of the lateral bone stock will result from this measurement during surgery. The results of this initial study employing small sample sizes indicate that this new method is as sensitive as DXA in predicting bone quality and may function as an intraoperative alternative to DXA in THA. Nevertheless, before this method will turn into clinical use, more research and clinical trials are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias C M Klotz
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Nicholas A Beckmann
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Rudi G Bitsch
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Elisabeth Seebach
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Tobias Reiner
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Jäger
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstraße 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Rutschow S, Jäger S, Gross MC. MitraClip procedure with two MitraClips after indirect annuloplasty with the MONARC device. ScienceOpen Research 2014. [DOI: 10.14293/s2199-1006.1.sor-med.ao7dcv.v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Mitral regurgitation is associated with a worsened prognosis in dilated cardiomyopathy. First standard therapy consists of a mitral valve reconstruction through heart surgery including the heart–lung machine. In patients with high comorbidity, catheter-based techniques have been developed. In the Evolution I study, the MONARC system was implanted in the coronary sinus in the functional mitral regurgitation. A reduction in regurgitation by >1 grade was documented in 50% of the patients. MitraClip is an alternative, edge-to-edge technique, which joined the posterior and anterior leaflet by implanting a clip. It can be used for both functional and degenerative mitral regurgitations. We reported a case of MitraClip procedure with the use of two clips and a reduction of mitral regurgitation to grade 0–1 after implanting a MONARC device four years ago with missing relevant reduction in mitral regurgitation. With this report, we illustrated the management of Mitraclip in a patient with an implanted MONARC device and technical difficulties through the bowing of the posterior annulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Rutschow
- Department of Cardiology and Pulmology, Charite, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Jäger
- Department of Cardiology and Pulmology, Charite, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael C. Gross
- Department of Cardiology and Pulmology, Charite, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200 Berlin, Germany
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Smith M, Jäger S, Berger U, Šikoparija B, Hallsdottir M, Sauliene I, Bergmann KC, Pashley CH, de Weger L, Majkowska-Wojciechowska B, Rybníček O, Thibaudon M, Gehrig R, Bonini M, Yankova R, Damialis A, Vokou D, Gutiérrez Bustillo AM, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, van Ree R. Geographic and temporal variations in pollen exposure across Europe. Allergy 2014; 69:913-23. [PMID: 24816084 DOI: 10.1111/all.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The EC-funded EuroPrevall project examined the prevalence of food allergy across Europe. A well-established factor in the occurrence of food allergy is primary sensitization to pollen. OBJECTIVE To analyse geographic and temporal variations in pollen exposure, allowing the investigation of how these variations influence the prevalence and incidence of food allergies across Europe. METHODS Airborne pollen data for two decades (1990-2009) were obtained from 13 monitoring sites located as close as possible to the EuroPrevall survey centres. Start dates, intensity and duration of Betulaceae, Oleaceae, Poaceae and Asteraceae pollen seasons were examined. Mean, slope of the regression, probability level (P) and dominant taxa (%) were calculated. Trends were considered significant at P < 0.05. RESULTS On a European scale, Betulaceae, in particular Betula, is the most dominant pollen exposure, two folds higher than to Poaceae, and greater than five folds higher than to Oleaceae and Asteraceae. Only in Reykjavik, Madrid and Derby was Poaceae the dominant pollen, as was Oleaceae in Thessaloniki. Weed pollen (Asteraceae) was never dominant, exposure accounted for >10% of total pollen exposure only in Siauliai (Artemisia) and Legnano (Ambrosia). Consistent trends towards changing intensity or duration of exposure were not observed, possibly with the exception of (not significant) decreased exposure to Artemisia and increased exposure to Ambrosia. CONCLUSIONS This is the first comprehensive study quantifying exposure to the major allergenic pollen families Betulaceae, Oleaceae, Poaceae and Asteraceae across Europe. These data can now be used for studies into patterns of sensitization and allergy to pollen and foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Smith
- University Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - S. Jäger
- University Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - U. Berger
- University Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - B. Šikoparija
- Laboratory for Palynology; Department of Biology and Ecology; Faculty of Sciences; University of Novi Sad; Novi Sad Serbia
| | - M. Hallsdottir
- Icelandic Institute of Natural History; Reykjavik Iceland
| | | | - K-C. Bergmann
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - C. H. Pashley
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation; Institute for Lung Health; University of Leicester; Leicester UK
| | - L. de Weger
- Department of Pulmonology; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden the Netherlands
| | | | - O. Rybníček
- Faculty of Medicine; Masaryk University; Brno Czech Republic
| | - M. Thibaudon
- Réseau National de Surveillance Aérobiologique (R.N.S.A.); Brussieu France
| | - R. Gehrig
- Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology Meteo Swiss; Zürich Switzerland
| | | | - R. Yankova
- Clinical Center of Allergology; University Hospital Sofia; Sofia Bulgaria
| | - A. Damialis
- University of Ioannina; Ioannina Greece
- Department of Ecology; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki Greece
| | - D. Vokou
- Department of Ecology; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki Greece
| | - A. M. Gutiérrez Bustillo
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal II; Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | | | - R. van Ree
- Departments of Experimental Immunology and Otorhinolaryngology; Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
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Neuber T, Frese K, Jaehrling J, Jäger S, Daubert D, Felderer K, Linnemann M, Höhne A, Kaden S, Kölln J, Tiller T, Brocks B, Ostendorp R, Pabst S. Characterization and screening of IgG binding to the neonatal Fc receptor. MAbs 2014; 6:928-42. [PMID: 24802048 DOI: 10.4161/mabs.28744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) protects immunoglobulin G (IgG) from degradation and increases the serum half-life of IgG, thereby contributing to a higher concentration of IgG in the serum. Because altered FcRn binding may result in a reduced or prolonged half-life of IgG molecules, it is advisable to characterize Fc receptor binding of therapeutic antibody lead candidates prior to the start of pre-clinical and clinical studies. In this study, we characterized the interactions between FcRn of different species (human, cynomolgus monkey, mouse and rat) and nine IgG molecules from different species and isotypes with common variable heavy (VH) and variable light chain (VL) domains. Binding was analyzed at acidic and neutral pH using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and biolayer interferometry (BLI). Furthermore, we transferred the well-accepted, but low throughput SPR-based method for FcRn binding characterization to the BLI-based Octet platform to enable a higher sample throughput allowing the characterization of FcRn binding already during early drug discovery phase. We showed that the BLI-based approach is fit-for-purpose and capable of discriminating between IgG molecules with significant differences in FcRn binding affinities. Using this high-throughput approach we investigated FcRn binding of 36 IgG molecules that represented all VH/VL region combinations available in the fully human, recombinant antibody library Ylanthia®. Our results clearly showed normal FcRn binding profiles for all samples. Hence, the variations among the framework parts, complementarity-determining region (CDR) 1 and CDR2 of the fragment antigen binding (Fab) domain did not significantly change FcRn binding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anne Höhne
- MorphoSys AG; Martinsried/Planegg, Germany
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Bastl K, Kmenta M, Jäger S, Bergmann KC, Berger U. Calculation and Application of the Symptom Load Index: computing the season severity from the allergy sufferer’s point of view. Allergo J 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s15007-013-0389-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Jäger S, Kern AM, Hentschel M, Jäger R, Braun K, Zhang D, Giessen H, Meixner AJ. Au nanotip as luminescent near-field probe. Nano Lett 2013; 13:3566-3570. [PMID: 23815414 DOI: 10.1021/nl401173g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a new optical near-field mapping method, namely utilizing the plasmon-mediated luminescence from the apex of a sharp gold nanotip. The tip acts as a quasi-point light source which does not suffer from bleaching and gives a spatial resolution of ≤25 nm. We demonstrate our method by imaging the near field of azimuthally and radially polarized plasmonic modes of nonluminescent aluminum oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Jäger
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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Galan C, Antunes C, Brandao R, Torres C, Garcia-Mozo H, Caeiro E, Ferro R, Prank M, Sofiev M, Albertini R, Berger U, Cecchi L, Celenk S, Grewling Ł, Jackowiak B, Jäger S, Kennedy R, Rantio-Lehtimäki A, Reese G, Sauliene I, Smith M, Thibaudon M, Weber B, Weichenmeier I, Pusch G, Buters JTM. Airborne olive pollen counts are not representative of exposure to the major olive allergen Ole e 1. Allergy 2013; 68:809-12. [PMID: 23647633 DOI: 10.1111/all.12144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2012] [Accepted: 02/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Pollen is routinely monitored, but it is unknown whether pollen counts represent allergen exposure. We therefore simultaneously determined olive pollen and Ole e 1 in ambient air in Córdoba, Spain, and Évora, Portugal, using Hirst-type traps for pollen and high-volume cascade impactors for allergen. Pollen from different days released 12-fold different amounts of Ole e 1 per pollen (both locations P < 0.001). Average allergen release from pollen (pollen potency) was much higher in Córdoba (3.9 pg Ole e 1/pollen) than in Évora (0.8 pg Ole e 1/pollen, P = 0.004). Indeed, yearly olive pollen counts in Córdoba were 2.4 times higher than in Évora, but Ole e 1 concentrations were 7.6 times higher. When modeling the origin of the pollen, >40% of Ole e 1 exposure in Évora was explained by high-potency pollen originating from the south of Spain. Thus, olive pollen can vary substantially in allergen release, even though they are morphologically identical.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Galan
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology; University of Córdoba; CeiA3, Córdoba; Spain
| | | | - R. Brandao
- ICAAM - Institute of Mediterranean Crop and Environmental Sciences; University of Évora; Évora; Portugal
| | - C. Torres
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology; University of Córdoba; CeiA3, Córdoba; Spain
| | - H. Garcia-Mozo
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology; University of Córdoba; CeiA3, Córdoba; Spain
| | - E. Caeiro
- ICAAM - Institute of Mediterranean Crop and Environmental Sciences; University of Évora; Évora; Portugal
| | - R. Ferro
- ICAAM - Institute of Mediterranean Crop and Environmental Sciences; University of Évora; Évora; Portugal
| | - M. Prank
- Finnish Meteorological Institute; Helsinki; Finland
| | - M. Sofiev
- Finnish Meteorological Institute; Helsinki; Finland
| | - R. Albertini
- Laboratory of Allergology; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; University of Parma; U.O. Medical Immunology; University Hospital of Parma; Parma; Italy
| | - U. Berger
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology; Research Unit Aerobiology and Pollen Information; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna; Austria
| | - L. Cecchi
- Interdepartmental Centre of Bioclimatology; University of Florence; Florence; Italy
| | - S. Celenk
- Aerobiology Laboratory; Biology Department, Science and Arts Faculty; Uludag University; Gorukle-Bursa; Turkey
| | - Ł. Grewling
- Laboratory of Aeropalynology; Faculty of Biology; Adam Mickiewicz University; Poznań; Poland
| | - B. Jackowiak
- Laboratory of Aeropalynology; Faculty of Biology; Adam Mickiewicz University; Poznań; Poland
| | - S. Jäger
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology; Research Unit Aerobiology and Pollen Information; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna; Austria
| | - R. Kennedy
- National Pollen and Aerobiology Research Unit; University of Worcester; Worcester; UK
| | | | - G. Reese
- Allergopharma Joachim Ganzer KG; Reinbek; Germany
| | - I. Sauliene
- Department of Environmental Research; Siauliai University; Siauliai; Lithuania
| | - M. Smith
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology; Research Unit Aerobiology and Pollen Information; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna; Austria
| | - M. Thibaudon
- RNSA (Réseau National de Surveillance Aérobiologique); Brussieu; France
| | - B. Weber
- Allergopharma Joachim Ganzer KG; Reinbek; Germany
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Abstract
We report computer simulation results on the cluster formation of dipolar colloidal particles driven by a rotating external field in a quasi-two-dimensional setup. We focus on the interplay between permanent dipolar and hydrodynamic interactions and its influence on the dynamic behavior of the particles. This includes their individual as well as their collective motion. To investigate these characteristics, we employ Brownian dynamics simulations of a finite system with and without hydrodynamic interactions. Our results indicate that hydrodynamic interactions have a profound impact on the dynamic behavior of the clusters and the dynamics of the clustering process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Jäger
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Castañeda Vázquez H, Jäger S, Wolter W, Zschöck M, Castañeda Vazquez M, El-Sayed A. Isolation and identification of main mastitis pathogens in Mexico. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-09352013000200012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work is a large epidemiological study aiming to detect the prevalence of subclinical mastitis and to investigate the major udder pathogens in Jalisco State, western Mexico. For this purpose, 2205 dairy cows, representing 33 Mexican dairy herds, were involved. Of 2205 cows, 752 mastitic animals were diagnosed and only 2,979 milk samples could be obtained for further investigation. All 2979 milk samples were subjected to California Mastitis Test (CMT) to differentiate clinical cases from subclinical ones where 1996 samples (67 %) reacted positively. Of these, 1087 samples (54.5%) came from cows suffering from clinical cases of mastitis. Bacteriological identification of the causative agents revealed the presence of a major group of pathogens including the Coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS), S.aureus, S.agalactiae, Corynebacterium spp. and Coliform bacteria which were detected in 464 (15.6%), 175 (5.9%), 200 (6.8%), 417 (14%) and 123 (4.1%) of the 2927 investigated quarters, 295 (15.4%), 118 (15.7%), 111 (14.8%), 227 (30.2%) and 109 (14.5%) of the 752 examined cows and in 33 (100%), 22 (66.7%), 19 (57.6%), 30 (90.1%) and 27 (81.8%) of the 33 herds involved, respectively. Other pathogens could be detected in the investigated milk samples such as S. dysgalactiae (0.4%), S.uberis (0.37%), Bacillus spp. (1%), Nocardia spp. (0.6%) und Candida spp. (0.1%). Meanwhile, others were present in a negligible ratio; including the Aerococcus viridans, and Enterococcus spp., Lactococcus lactis, S. bovis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S. Jäger
- Landesbetrieb Hessisches Landeslabor, Germany
| | - W. Wolter
- Landesbetrieb Hessisches Landeslabor, Germany
| | - M. Zschöck
- Landesbetrieb Hessisches Landeslabor, Germany
| | | | - A. El-Sayed
- Landesbetrieb Hessisches Landeslabor, Germany; Cairo University, Egypt
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41
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Bitsch RG, Obermeyer BJ, Rieger JS, Jäger S, Schmalzried TP, Bischel OE. What is the upper limit of cement penetration for different femoral hip resurfacing components? J Arthroplasty 2013; 28:654-62. [PMID: 23246349 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2012.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2012] [Revised: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 06/23/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We used a validated femoral resurfacing model to obtain measurements of pressure and temperature and quantify cement distribution as a function of inner geometry and cementing technique of five different femoral hip resurfacing components. The purpose was to investigate if manufacture cementing recommendations are reliable. ASR showed only with the recommended manual cementing technique low cement pressures of 58.0±50.2kPa and low interface temperatures of 33.3±4.1°C. BHR had large cement defects of 10.4±1.1mm. Conserve Plus caused the smallest cement penetration depths of 2.9±0.6mm. Durom was tolerant against changes of the cementing technique but showed the widest spread of temperature data 42.8±7.0°C. ReCap showed the highest risk for incomplete seating with a cement mantle thickness of 4.3±0.9mm. Polymerization heat did not exceed the threshold of 45°C with a cement penetration depth of less than 4.2mm in any circumstances of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudi G Bitsch
- Stiftung Orthopädische Universitätsklinik, Heidelberg, Germany
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42
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Hentschel M, Dorfmüller J, Giessen H, Jäger S, Kern AM, Braun K, Zhang D, Meixner AJ. Plasmonic oligomers in cylindrical vector light beams. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2013; 4:57-65. [PMID: 23400561 PMCID: PMC3566857 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.4.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the excitation as well as propagation of magnetic modes in plasmonic nanostructures. Such structures are particularly suited for excitation with cylindrical vector beams. We study magneto-inductive coupling between adjacent nanostructures. We utilize high-resolution lithographic techniques for the preparation of complex nanostructures consisting of gold as well as aluminium. These structures are subsequently characterized by linear optical spectroscopy. The well characterized and designed structures are afterwards studied in depth by exciting them with radial and azimuthally polarized light and simultaneously measuring their plasmonic near-field behavior. Additionally, we attempt to model and simulate our results, a project which has, to the best of our knowledge, not been attempted so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Hentschel
- 4th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jens Dorfmüller
- 4th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Harald Giessen
- 4th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sebastian Jäger
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas M Kern
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kai Braun
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dai Zhang
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alfred J Meixner
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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43
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Jäger S, Klapp SHL. Rotational ratchets with dipolar interactions. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2012; 86:061402. [PMID: 23367945 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.86.061402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report results from a computer simulation study on the rotational ratchet effect in systems of magnetic particles interacting via dipolar interactions. The ratchet effect consists of directed rotations of the particles in an oscillating magnetic field, which lacks a net rotating component. Our investigations are based on Brownian dynamics simulations of such many-particle systems. We investigate the influence of both the random and deterministic contributions to the equations of motion on the ratchet effect. As a main result, we show that dipolar interactions can have an enhancing as well as a dampening effect on the ratchet behavior depending on the dipolar coupling strength of the system under consideration. The enhancement is shown to be caused by an increase in the effective field on a particle generated by neighboring magnetic particles, while the dampening is due to restricted rotational motion in the effective field. Moreover, we find a nontrivial influence of the short-range, repulsive interaction between the particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Jäger
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Technical University Berlin, Hardenbergstrasse 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
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45
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Jäger S, Schmidle H, Klapp SHL. Nonequilibrium condensation and coarsening of field-driven dipolar colloids. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2012; 86:011402. [PMID: 23005412 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.86.011402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In colloidal suspensions, self-organization processes can be easily fueled by external fields. Here we consider monolayers of particles with permanent dipole moments that are driven by rotating external fields. In recent experiments, it has been shown that the particles in such systems self-organize into two-dimensional clusters. Here we report results from a computer simulation study of these pattern forming systems. Specifically, we employ Langevin dynamics simulations, Brownian dynamics simulations that include hydrodynamic interactions, and Wang-Landau Monte Carlo simulations of soft spheres interacting via dipolar potentials. We investigate at which field strengths and frequencies clusters form and explore the influence of hydrodynamic interactions. We also examine the phase behavior of the equilibrium system resulting from a time average of the colloidal interactions in the rotating field. In this way we demonstrate that the clustering described in the driven system arises from a first-order phase transition between a vapor and a condensed phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Jäger
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Technical University Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
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Kauczor G, Delebinski C, Jäger S, Seeger K, Seifert G. P01.18. Triterpene acid containing Viscum album L. extracts mediate apoptosis in paediatric solid cancer cells. Altern Ther Health Med 2012. [PMCID: PMC3373671 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-s1-p18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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47
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Delebinski C, Jäger S, Kauczor G, Kemnitz-Hassanin K, Seeger K, Henze G, Lode H, Seifert G. P01.33. A new development of Triterpene Acids-containing extracts from Viscum album L. displays synergistic induction of apoptosis in childhood leukemia. Altern Ther Health Med 2012. [PMCID: PMC3373712 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-s1-p33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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48
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Hertrampf A, Gründemann C, Jäger S, Laszczyk M, Giesemann T, Huber R. In vitro cytotoxicity of cyclodextrin-bonded birch bark extract. Planta Med 2012; 78:881-889. [PMID: 22573365 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1298473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Triterpenoids from birch bark, like betulin, seem to have an anticancer potential which needs to be further investigated. Aim of this study was first to explore whether a cyclodextrin-solubilised triterpenoid extract (STE) from birch bark induces selective cytotoxic effects in primary liver cancer cells compared to healthy human hepatocytes. Second, selective cytotoxicity against several tumour cell lines should be analysed. For this purpose, human liver cancer cells derived from mouse xenografts (LIXF 575), healthy human hepatocytes, and 42 different human tumour cell lines were incubated with different concentrations of STE corresponding to 4.3 µM - 137.5 µM betulin (BE). Cytotoxicity was tested with the WST-1 cell proliferation assay, apoptosis with caspase 3/7-activity, and necrosis was determined by the propidiumiodid uptake assay. The pathway of cytotoxic effects was further investigated by immunoblotting of apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) and p53. The monolayer assay was used to analyse selectivity of STE towards different tumour cell lines. STE significantly (p < 0.001) reduced viability and induced apoptosis of LIXF cells in low concentrations corresponding to 8.6 µM BE, while human hepatocytes were affected only in concentrations ≥ 68.8 µM. Cell death occurred in a p53 independent manner, and AIF was not involved. The mean IC50 in the 42 tumour cell lines corresponded to 4.3 µM BE and ranged from 2.05 µM to 8.95 µM BE content. Selectivity was, therefore, rather low. In conclusion, STE exhibits in low concentrations cytotoxicity in a broad spectrum of primary cancer cells and cancer cell lines, which is, at least in LIXF cells, induced by caspase 3/7 mediated apoptosis. STE is far less toxic in hepatocytes. The anticancer potential of STE should be further characterised and also investigated in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke Hertrampf
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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Minko P, Jäger S, Bücker A, Katoh M. Drei Jahres Ergebnisse: Atherektomie verkalkter Gefäßstenosen im Bewegungssegment der unteren Extremitäten. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1311071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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50
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Strüh CM, Jäger S, Schempp CM, Scheffler A, Martin SF. A novel triterpene extract from mistletoe induces rapid apoptosis in murine B16.F10 melanoma cells. Phytother Res 2012; 26:1507-12. [PMID: 22318938 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The European mistletoe Viscum album L. is a plant used for remedies in cancer treatment. The benefit of commonly used aqueous extracts is controversial but the plant contains water insoluble triterpene acids providing interesting anticancer properties. Triterpene extracts (TE) from plants and single triterpenoids such as oleanolic acid (OA) or betulinic acid (BA) are known for their cytotoxic effects on cancer cell lines in vitro. We report here cytotoxic effects of a novel OA-rich triterpene extract from mistletoe (V. album L., Santalaceae) solubilized by 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (2-HP-β-CD) on B16.F10 mouse melanoma cells. The 2-HP-β-CD solubilized triterpene extract (STE) was highly cytotoxic by causing DNA fragmentation, followed by loss of membrane integrity and intracellular adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP). Blocking the caspase machinery by inhibitors aborted DNA fragmentation and delayed the cytotoxic effects but did not prevent cell death. The solubilization by 2-HP-β-CD allows a solvent-free application of triterpene extracts in the in vitro setting. These findings suggest the use of STE from mistletoe as a solvent-free anticancer drug for preclinical animal experiments and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Strüh
- Department of Dermatology, University Freiburg-Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.
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