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González-González R, Ortiz-Sarabia G, Molina-Frechero N, Salas-Pacheco JM, Salas-Pacheco SM, Lavalle-Carrasco J, López-Verdín S, Tremillo-Maldonado O, Bologna-Molina R. Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Associated with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas: A Review. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13123027. [PMID: 34204259 PMCID: PMC8234594 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are aggressive, recurrent, and metastatic neoplasms with a high occurrence around the world and can lead to death when not treated appropriately. Several molecules and signaling pathways are involved in the malignant conversion process. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been described in HNSCCs, a major type of aggressive carcinoma. EMT describes the development of epithelial cells into mesenchymal cells, which depends on several molecular interactions and signaling pathways that facilitate mesenchymal conversion. This is related to interactions with the microenvironment of the tumor, hypoxia, growth factors, matrix metalloproteinases, and the presence of viral infections. In this review, we focus on the main molecules related to EMT, their interactions with the tumor microenvironment, plasticity phenomena, epigenetic regulation, hypoxia, inflammation, their relationship with immune cells, and the inhibition of EMT in the context of HNSCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogelio González-González
- Department of Research, School of Dentistry, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango 34000, Mexico; (R.G.-G.); (G.O.-S.); (O.T.-M.)
| | - Gamaliel Ortiz-Sarabia
- Department of Research, School of Dentistry, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango 34000, Mexico; (R.G.-G.); (G.O.-S.); (O.T.-M.)
| | - Nelly Molina-Frechero
- Xochimilco Unit, Department of Health Care, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM) Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico; (N.M.-F.); (J.L.-C.)
| | - José Manuel Salas-Pacheco
- Scientific Research Institute, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Avenida Universidad S/N, Durango 34000, Mexico; (J.M.S.-P.); (S.M.S.-P.)
| | - Sergio Manuel Salas-Pacheco
- Scientific Research Institute, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Avenida Universidad S/N, Durango 34000, Mexico; (J.M.S.-P.); (S.M.S.-P.)
| | - Jesús Lavalle-Carrasco
- Xochimilco Unit, Department of Health Care, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM) Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico; (N.M.-F.); (J.L.-C.)
| | - Sandra López-Verdín
- Health Science Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 4430, Mexico;
| | - Omar Tremillo-Maldonado
- Department of Research, School of Dentistry, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango 34000, Mexico; (R.G.-G.); (G.O.-S.); (O.T.-M.)
| | - Ronell Bologna-Molina
- Department of Research, School of Dentistry, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango 34000, Mexico; (R.G.-G.); (G.O.-S.); (O.T.-M.)
- Molecular Pathology Area, School of Dentistry, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay
- Correspondence:
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Sandoval-Carrillo AA, Salas-Pacheco JM, Antuna-Salcido EI, Castro-Martínez KS, Ortiz-Montaño DS, Beristain-Garcia I, Alvarado-Retana HM, Ramos-Nevarez A, Salas-Pacheco SM, Sifuentes-Alvarez A, Rábago-Sánchez E, Cerrillo-Soto SM, Castellanos-Juárez FX, Contreras-Cisneros E, Alvarado-Esquivel C. Leptospira infection in people in the city of Durango, Mexico: a cross sectional study. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211004020. [PMID: 33823643 PMCID: PMC8033475 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211004020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the seroprevalence of Leptospira immunoglobulin
(Ig)G and IgM antibodies and its association with the characteristics of the
study population from the northern Mexican city of Durango, Mexico. Methods Through a cross-sectional study design, inhabitants of Durango City, Mexico
were surveyed between June 2018 and November 2018. Serum samples from the
subjects were analysed for anti-Leptospira IgG and IgM
antibodies using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.
Sociodemographic, clinical, behavioural and housing characteristics were
recorded. Data were analysed by bivariate and multivariate analyses. Results The study enrolled 413 people, of which 124 (30.0%) and 137 (33.2%) were
positive for anti-Leptospira IgG antibodies and
anti-Leptospira IgM antibodies, respectively.
Multivariate analysis showed that Leptospira seropositivity
was associated with professional occupation, alcohol consumption, ill
clinical status, memory impairment and a history of surgery. Conclusions This is the first study to report the seroepidemiology of
Leptospira infection in an urban general population in
the north of Mexico. The seroprevalence of Leptospira
infection found was higher than those previously reported in Mexican
studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Manuel Salas-Pacheco
- Institute for Scientific Research "Dr. Roberto Rivera Damm", Juárez University of Durango State, Durango, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Agar Ramos-Nevarez
- Clínica de Medicina Familiar, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Durango, Mexico
| | - Sergio Manuel Salas-Pacheco
- Institute for Scientific Research "Dr. Roberto Rivera Damm", Juárez University of Durango State, Durango, Mexico
| | - Antonio Sifuentes-Alvarez
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Nutrition, Juárez University of Durango State, Durango, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Rábago-Sánchez
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Nutrition, Juárez University of Durango State, Durango, Mexico
| | - Sandra Margarita Cerrillo-Soto
- Clínica de Medicina Familiar, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Durango, Mexico
| | | | - Edith Contreras-Cisneros
- Clínica de Medicina Familiar, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Durango, Mexico
| | - Cosme Alvarado-Esquivel
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Nutrition, Juárez University of Durango State, Durango, Mexico
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Sandoval-Carrillo AA, Vértiz-Hernández AA, Salas-Pacheco JM, González-Lugo OE, Antuna-Salcido EI, Salas-Pacheco SM, Sánchez-Anguiano LF, Méndez-Hernández EM, Hernández-Tinoco J, Castellanos-Juárez FX, La-Llave-León O, Alvarado-Esquivel C. Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women: a cross-sectional study in Matehuala City, Mexico. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e033995. [PMID: 32764080 PMCID: PMC7412581 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection in pregnant women in Matehuala City, Mexico; and the associated risk factors. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING Matehuala City, Mexico. PARTICIPANTS 311 pregnant women. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Sera of women were analysed for anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies by commercially available immunoassays. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess the association between T. gondii seroprevalence and the characteristics of the pregnant women. RESULTS Thirteen (4.2%) of the 311 pregnant women studied were positive for anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies. No anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies were found in anti-T. gondii IgG seropositive women. No association between seropositivity and history of blood transfusion, transplantation, caesarean sections, deliveries, miscarriages or number of pregnancies was found. Logistic regression analysis of sociodemographic, behavioural and housing variables showed that availability of potable water at street represented a risk factor for T. gondii infection (age-adjusted OR=2.18; 95% CI: 1.05 to 4.53; p=0.03), whereas being born in Mexico was a protective factor for infection (age-adjusted OR=0.01; 95% CI: 0.001 to 0.35; p=0.008). CONCLUSIONS In this first study on the seroepidemiology of T. gondii infection in pregnant women in Matehuala, we conclude that the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection is low and similar to those reported in pregnant women in other Mexican cities. However, the seroprevalence found is lower than those reported in pregnant women in other countries in the Americas and Europe. Two risk factors associated with T. gondii infection were identified. Results of the present study may help for the optimal planning of preventive measures against toxoplasmosis in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Olga Edith González-Lugo
- Coordinación Académica Regional Altiplano, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Edna Madai Méndez-Hernández
- Subdirección de Auxiliares de Diagnóstico y Tratamiento, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, Ixtapaluca, Mexico
| | - Jesús Hernández-Tinoco
- Instituto de Investigación Científica, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango, Mexico
| | | | - Osmel La-Llave-León
- Instituto de Investigación Científica, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango, Mexico
| | - Cosme Alvarado-Esquivel
- Laboratorio de Investigación Biomédica, Juarez University of Durango State Faculty of Medicine and Nutrition, Durango, Mexico
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