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Chae SJ, Cho SR, Choi W, Han MG, Lee DY. The laboratory test procedure to confirm rotavirus vaccine infection in severe complex immunodeficiency patients. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2021; 12:269-273. [PMID: 34465076 PMCID: PMC8408412 DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2021.0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The rotavirus vaccine is a live vaccine, and there is a possibility of infection by the virus strain used in the vaccine. We investigated the process of determining whether an infection was caused by the vaccine strain in a severe complex immunodeficiency (SCID) patient with rotavirus infection. The patient was vaccinated with RotaTeq prior to being diagnosed with SCID. The testing process was conducted in the following order: confirming rotavirus infection, determining its genotype, and confirming the vaccine strain. Rotavirus infection was confirmed through enzyme immunoassay and VP6 gene detection. G1 and P[8] were identified by multiplex polymerase chain reaction for the genotype, and G3 was further identified using a single primer. By detecting the fingerprint gene (WC3) of RotaTeq, it was confirmed that the detected virus was the vaccine strain. Genotypes G1 and P[8] were identified, and the infection was suspected of having been caused by rotavirus G1P[8]. G1P[8] is the most commonly detected genotype worldwide and is not included in the recombinant strains used in vaccines. Therefore, the infection was confirmed to have been caused by the vaccine strain by analyzing the genetic relationship between VP4 and VP7. Rotavirus infection by the vaccine strain can be identified through genotyping and fingerprint gene detection. However, genetic linkage analysis will also help to identify vaccine strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jin Chae
- Division of Viral Diseases, Bureau of Infectious Diseases Diagnosis Control, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Seung-Rye Cho
- Division of Viral Diseases, Bureau of Infectious Diseases Diagnosis Control, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Wooyoung Choi
- Division of Viral Diseases, Bureau of Infectious Diseases Diagnosis Control, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Myung-Guk Han
- Division of Viral Diseases, Bureau of Infectious Diseases Diagnosis Control, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Deog-Yong Lee
- Division of Viral Diseases, Bureau of Infectious Diseases Diagnosis Control, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Korea
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Cho SR, Chae SJ, Jung S, Choi W, Han MG, Yoo CK, Lee DY. Trends in acute viral gastroenteritis among children aged ≤5 years through the national surveillance system in South Korea, 2013-2019. J Med Virol 2021; 93:4875-4882. [PMID: 33219526 PMCID: PMC8360024 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acute gastroenteritis is a global public health concern. This study aimed to analyze the trend and characteristics of acute viral gastroenteritis through a national surveillance network. Enteric viruses were detected in 9510 of 31,750 (30.1%) cases assessed from 2013 to 2019 by EnterNet. The most prevalent pathogens were norovirus (15.2%) and group A rotavirus (9.7%); most infections were reported in 2017 (34.0%). Norovirus and rotavirus coinfections were the most common. Norovirus infections were prevalent among 1‐year‐old children (1835 out of 9510 cases) during winter, and group A rotavirus infections were common during spring. Seasonality was not observed among enteric adenovirus, astrovirus, and sapovirus. The prevalent viral genotypes detected included norovirus GII.4, enteric adenovirus F41, astrovirus genotype 1, and sapovirus GI.1. However, changes in enteric virus trends were noted during the study period. Norovirus prevalence extended into spring, and new genotypes of enteric adenovirus, astrovirus, and sapovirus were identified. These surveillance data elucidate enteric virus epidemiological characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Rye Cho
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Chae
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunyoung Jung
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooyoung Choi
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Guk Han
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheon-Kwon Yoo
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Deog-Yong Lee
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
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Lee DY, Chae SJ, Cho SR, Choi W, Kim CK, Han MG. Nationwide seroprevalence of hepatitis A in South Korea from 2009 to 2019. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245162. [PMID: 33556072 PMCID: PMC7870085 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis A, an acute type of hepatitis caused by the hepatitis A virus, occurs worldwide. Following the 2009 hepatitis A epidemic in South Korea, patient outbreak reports were collectively converted to an “all-patient report” in 2011, and national immunization programs were introduced for children in 2015. In this study, we aimed to analyze the changes and characteristics of hepatitis A antibody titers in South Korea following the epidemic. The results of hepatitis A antibody tests performed at clinical laboratories from 2009 to 2019 were analyzed based on year, age, region, sex, and medical institution. The average 2009–2018 positive anti-hepatitis A virus immunoglobulin G rate was 51.8%, but it increased (56.06%) in 2019. Significantly different antibody-positive rates were observed based on age: <10 years, 54.5%; 20–29 years, 19.5%; ≥50 years, almost 100%. The positive rate of individuals in their teens and 20s gradually increased, whereas that of those in their 30s and 40s gradually decreased. Males had higher antibody-positive rates than females, and samples from higher-level general hospitals exhibited higher antibody rates. The positive anti-hepatitis A virus immunoglobulin M rates gradually decreased after 2009 and were <1% after 2012. However, a high positive rate of 3.69% was observed in 2019 when there was an epidemic. Anti-hepatitis A virus immunoglobulin G-positive rates were similar throughout the year, but the anti-hepatitis A virus immunoglobulin M-positive rates increased from January, peaked in April, and decreased from July, exhibiting distinct seasonality. This is considered to be related to groundwater pollution during the spring drought season. The introduction of the “all-patient report” and national vaccination program for children has had an effective influence on hepatitis A management. However, for hepatitis A prevention, policy considerations for high-risk age groups with low antibody-positive rates will be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deog-Yong Lee
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Chae
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Rye Cho
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooyoung Choi
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Ki Kim
- Seoul Clinical Laboratories, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Guk Han
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Kim JM, Kim HM, Lee EJ, Jo HJ, Yoon Y, Lee NJ, Son J, Lee YJ, Kim MS, Lee YP, Chae SJ, Park KR, Cho SR, Park S, Kim SJ, Wang E, Woo S, Lim A, Park SJ, Jang J, Chung YS, Chin BS, Lee JS, Lim D, Han MG, Yoo CK. Detection and Isolation of SARS-CoV-2 in Serum, Urine, and Stool Specimens of COVID-19 Patients from the Republic of Korea. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2020; 11:112-117. [PMID: 32528816 PMCID: PMC7282421 DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.3.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) is a respiratory infection characterized by the main symptoms of pneumonia and fever. It is caused by the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is known to spread via respiratory droplets. We aimed to determine the rate and likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from COVID-19 patients through non-respiratory routes. Methods Serum, urine, and stool samples were collected from 74 hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19 based on the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory samples. The SARS-CoV-2 RNA genome was extracted from each specimen and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction performed. CaCo-2 cells were inoculated with the specimens containing the SARS-COV-2 genome, and subcultured for virus isolation. After culturing, viral replication in the cell supernatant was assessed. Results Of the samples collected from 74 COVID-19 patients, SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 15 serum, urine, or stool samples. The virus detection rate in the serum, urine, and stool samples were 2.8% (9/323), 0.8% (2/247), and 10.1% (13/129), and the mean viral load was 1,210 ± 1,861, 79 ± 30, and 3,176 ± 7,208 copy/μL, respectively. However, the SARS-CoV-2 was not isolated by the culture method from the samples that tested positive for the SARS-CoV-2 gene. Conclusion While the virus remained detectable in the respiratory samples of COVID-19 patients for several days after hospitalization, its detection in the serum, urine, and stool samples was intermittent. Since the virus could not be isolated from the SARS-COV-2-positive samples, the risk of viral transmission via stool and urine is expected to be low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Min Kim
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Heui Man Kim
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Eun Jung Lee
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Hye Jun Jo
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Youngsil Yoon
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Nam-Joo Lee
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Junseock Son
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Ye-Ji Lee
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Mi Seon Kim
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Yong-Pyo Lee
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Su-Jin Chae
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Kye Ryeong Park
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Seung-Rye Cho
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sehee Park
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Su Jin Kim
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Eunbyeol Wang
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - SangHee Woo
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Aram Lim
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Su-Jin Park
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - JunHyeong Jang
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Yoon-Seok Chung
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Bum Sik Chin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Soo Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Duko Lim
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Gyeonggi Provincial Medical Center Ansung Hospital, Ansung, Korea
| | - Myung-Guk Han
- Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Cheon Kwon Yoo
- Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
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Misra J, Chanda D, Kim DK, Cho SR, Koo SH, Lee CH, Back SH, Choi HS. Orphan nuclear receptor Errγ induces C-reactive protein gene expression through induction of ER-bound Bzip transmembrane transcription factor CREBH. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86342. [PMID: 24466039 PMCID: PMC3899246 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The orphan nuclear receptor estrogen-related receptor-γ (ERRγ) is a constitutively active transcription factor regulating genes involved in several important cellular processes, including hepatic glucose metabolism, alcohol metabolism, and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. cAMP responsive element-binding protein H (CREBH) is an ER-bound bZIP family transcription factor that is activated upon ER stress and regulates genes encoding acute-phase proteins whose expression is increased in response to inflammation. Here, we report that ERRγ directly regulates CREBH gene expression in response to ER stress. ERRγ bound to the ERRγ response element (ERRE) in the CREBH promoter. Overexpression of ERRγ by adenovirus significantly increased expression of CREBH as well as C-reactive protein (CRP), whereas either knockdown of ERRγ or inhibition of ERRγ by ERRγ specific inverse agonist, GSK5182, substantially inhibited ER stress-mediated induction of CREBH and CRP. The transcriptional coactivator PGC1α was required for ERRγ mediated induction of the CREBH gene as demonstrated by the chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay showing binding of both ERRγ and PGC1α on the CREBH promoter. The ChIP assay also revealed that histone H3 and H4 acetylation occurred at the ERRγ and PGC1α binding site. Moreover, chronic alcoholic hepatosteatosis, as well as the diabetic obese condition significantly increased CRP gene expression, and this increase was significantly attenuated by GSK5182 treatment. We suggest that orphan nuclear receptor ERRγ directly regulates the ER-bound transcription factor CREBH in response to ER stress and other metabolic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagannath Misra
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals, Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dipanjan Chanda
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals, Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Don-Kyu Kim
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals, Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Rye Cho
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals, Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hoi Koo
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Back
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Hueng-Sik Choi
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals, Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Seong Park J, Choi JH, Kang SY, Lee HW, Ahn MS, Cho SR, Jeong SH. Clinical significance of cryptic chromosomal translocations detected by multiplex RT-PCR in patients with acute leukemia. Int J Lab Hematol 2013; 36:e20-3. [PMID: 23910794 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Seong Park
- Departments of Hematology-Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - J-H Choi
- Departments of Hematology-Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - S Y Kang
- Departments of Hematology-Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - H W Lee
- Departments of Hematology-Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - M S Ahn
- Departments of Hematology-Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - S R Cho
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - S H Jeong
- Departments of Hematology-Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
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Koo JY, Oh S, Cho SR, Koh M, Oh WK, Choi HS, Park SB. Total synthesis of eryvarin H and its derivatives and their biological activity as ERRγ inverse agonist. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:5782-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41264d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Kim SJ, Choi HJ, Jung CH, Park SS, Cho SR, Oh SJ, Kim ES. Calcium Mobilization Inhibits Lipid Accumulation During the Late Adipogenesis via Suppression of PPARγ and LXRα Signalings. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2010. [DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2010.30.5.787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Cho SR, Ock SA, Yoo JG, Mohana Kumar B, Choe SY, Rho GJ. Effects of Confluent, Roscovitine Treatment and Serum Starvation on the Cell-cycle Synchronization of Bovine Foetal Fibroblasts. Reprod Domest Anim 2005; 40:171-6. [PMID: 15819970 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2005.00577.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to examine the effects of cell-cycle synchronization protocols, such as confluent, roscovitine treatment and serum starvation, in bovine foetal fibroblasts on synchronization accuracy at G0/G1, viability, apoptosis, necrosis and ploidy for use as a nuclei donor. The cells in 5-10 passages were randomly allocated into three treated groups. Cells were cultured either in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) + 10% foetal bovine serum (FBS) until 90% confluent (group 1, confluent), in DMEM + 10% FBS + 30 microM roscovitine for 12 h (group 2, roscovitine), or in DMEM + 0.5% FBS for 5 days (group 3, serum starvation). Most of the cells (>80%) in all groups were arrested at the G0/G1 stage. Although the rates did not differ, cells in group 1 showed an increased cell population arrested at the G0/G1 phase. Significantly (p < 0.05) higher rates of apoptosis occurred in group 3 than in group 1 and 2 (10% vs 6% and 6%, respectively). No differences in chromosomal abnormality were observed among groups. However, by increasing the number of cell culture passages up to 15, significantly (p < 0.05) higher chromosomal abnormality was observed than in 5 and 10 passages (39% vs 28% and 23%, respectively) in group 1. The results clearly indicated that bovine foetal fibroblasts could be effectively synchronized at G0/G1 stages by all the three different treatments, confluent, roscovitine and serum starvation. However, cells in confluent showed reduced apoptosis and necrosis when they underwent 5-10 passages, exhibiting increased percentage of cells with stable chromosome diversity. Hence, cells in confluent merit further studies before they could be used as nuclear donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Cho
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Chinju, Korea
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Abstract
The availability of a reliable heart failure model in large animals is important. We report upon our efforts to develop a chronic heart failure model in seven goats using sequential ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery and its diagonal branch. After anesthesia and left thoracotomy, the LAD artery was ligated, and the diagonal vessel at the same level was ligated one hour later. Cardiac measurements were performed with a thermodilution catheter and by ultrasonography. Two months after the operation, the same measurements were made and animals were sacrificed for postmortem examinations of their hearts. Hemodynamic measurements, except cardiac output, showed no significant changes immediately after the coronary artery ligation. Echocardiographic measurements showed significant changes in the ejection fraction and fractional shortening without changes in left ventricular dimensions. Wall motion analyses demonstrated variable degrees of anteroseptal dyskinesia and akinesia in all animals immediately after coronary artery ligation. Five animals have undergone hemodynamic and ultrasonographic studies 2 months after coronary artery ligation. The results obtained from these animals showed significant increases in central venous pressure, right ventricular pressure, pulmonary artery pressure, and pulmonary artery capillary wedge pressure, and a significant decrease in cardiac output. Increases in left ventricular dimensions and decreases in ejection fraction with fractional shortening in ultrasonographic studies were also observed. Pathologically, well-demarcated thin-walled anteroseptal infarcts, with chamber enlargement, were clearly seen with dilatation of the heart chambers in all specimens. Based on this study, we conclude that goats, like sheep, can provide a reliable model of chronic heart failure by coronary artery ligation and in view of the many advantages offered by goats, we believe that this animal model will be useful for cardiac experimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W G Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Yu JR, Pyon JK, Seo M, Jung BS, Cho SR, Lee SH, Hong ST. Localization of cytoskeletal proteins in Pneumocystis carinii by immuno-electron microscopy. Korean J Parasitol 2001; 39:13-21. [PMID: 11301586 PMCID: PMC2721061 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2001.39.1.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pneumocystis carinii causes serious pulmonary infection in immunosuppressed patients. This study was undertaken to observe the cytoskeletal proteins of P. carinii by immuno-electron microscopy. P. carinii infection was experimentally induced by immunosuppression of Sprague-Dawley rats for seven weeks, and their lungs were used for the observations of this study. The gold particles localized actin, tropomyosin, and tubulin. The actin was irregularly scattered in the cytoplasm of the trophic forms but was much more concentrated in the inner space of the cell wall of the cystic forms called the inner electron-lucent layer. No significant amount of tropomyosin was observed in either trophic forms or cystic forms. The tubulin was distributed along the peripheral cytoplasm and filopodia of both the trophic and cystic forms rather than in the inner side of the cytoplasm. Particularly, in the cystic forms, the amount of tubulin was increased and located mainly in the inner electron-lucent layer of the cell wall where the actin was concentrated as well. The results of this study showed that the cell wall of P. carinii cystic forms is a structure whose inner side is rich in actin and tubulin. The location of the actin and tubulin in P. carinii suggests that the main role of these proteins is an involvement in the protection of cystic forms from the outside environment by maintaining rigidity of the cystic forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Yu
- Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, Korea
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Choi MH, Chung BS, Chung YB, Yu JR, Cho SR, Hong ST. Purification of a 68-kDa cysteine proteinase from crude extract of Pneumocystis carinii. Korean J Parasitol 2000; 38:159-66. [PMID: 11002651 PMCID: PMC2721195 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2000.38.3.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study intended to verify activities of cysteine proteinase of Pneumocystis carinii from rats and to purify the enzyme. In order to exclude the contamination of host-derived enzymes, concentrates of P. carinii was primarily treated with a mixture of proteinase inhibitors before lysis of P. carinii. A 68-kDa cysteine proteinase was finally purified from the crude extract of P. carinii by 4 sequential chromatographic methods. The enzyme showed an optimal activity at pH 5.5 in 0.1 M sodium acetate, and its activity was specifically inhibited by L-trans-epoxy-succinylleucylamido (4-guanidino) butane (E-64) and iodoacetic acid, suggesting that the enzyme is a cysteine proteinase. The 68-kDa proteinase weakly digested macromolecules such as collagen, hemoglobin and fibronectin. The present study demonstrated the activity of cysteine proteinase at the 68-kDa band of P. carinii, and purified and characterized the molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Choi
- Department of Parasitology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
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Chung BS, Pars YK, Huh S, Yu JR, Kim J, Shi X, Cho SR, Lee SH, Hong ST. Genetic heterogeneity of Pneumocystis carinii from rats of several regions and strains. Korean J Parasitol 2000; 38:151-8. [PMID: 11002650 PMCID: PMC2721194 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2000.38.3.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pneumocystis carinii is a major opportunistic pathogen which has been found in the lungs of a wide variety of mammalian host species, and the fact suggests the possibility of intraspecific variation. Until now, P. carinii from different mammalian species are differentiated as subspecies, and the rats are known to be infected by two subspecies. The present study investigated genetic heterogeneity of P. carinii isolates from two strains of rats in Korea and China by molecular karyotyping, RFLP and sequencing analysis. Karyotypes of P. carinii were grouped into three, two from two strains of rats in Korea and one from rats in China. However RFLP of PCR product of ribosomal and MSG gene of the P. carinii isolates showed same pattern. The sequence homology rates of alpha-tubulin DNA of the P. carinii isolates were 96% in Seoul Wistar rats, 93% in Seoul Sprague-Dawley rats, and 85% in Chinese Sprague-Dawley rats. The present finding confirmed that P. carinii from rats in Korea are grouped into two karyotype strains which are different from that of P. carinii from rats in China. The Chinese isolate shows a little different sequences of alpha-tubulin DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Chung
- Department of Parasitology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
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14
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Abstract
The present study analyzed serum IgG subclass antibody reaction to major antigenic bands of Clonorchis sinensis to investigate improvement of its serodiagnosis. Of the four subclass antibodies, IgG1 and IgG2 antibodies were produced but not specific, IgG3 antibody was least produced, and IgG4 antibody was prominent and specific. The serum IgG antibody reaction to any of 43-50, 34-37, 26-28, and 8 kDa bands was found in 65.5% of 168 egg positive cases while IgG4 antibody reaction was found in 22.0% of them. The positive rates of IgG and IgG4 antibodies were directly correlated with the intensity of infection. All of the sera from heavily infected cases over EPG 5,000 showed positive reaction for specific IgG and IgG4 antibodies. The specific serum IgG4 antibody disappeared within 6 months after treatment. The bands of 35 kDa and 67 kDa cross-reacted with IgG antibodies but not with IgG4 antibodies in sera of other trematode infections. The present findings suggest that serum IgG4 antibody reaction to 8 kDa band is specific but not sensitive. Any method to increase its sensitivity is required for improved serodiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Hong
- Department of Parasitology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
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15
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Abstract
Pneumocystis carinii is the most important opportunistic pathogen of humans in the world. Pneumocystis carinii is experimentally detected in the lungs of rats, mice, rabbits, and monkeys, however, the organisms from different mammals are identical in microscopic morphology. The present study tried to find out more mammalian hosts of P. carinii and also to differentiate the organisms from different mammals by karyotyping. Rats, mice, hamsters, rabbits, cats, and dogs were successfully infected by P. carinii, but guinea pigs and pigs were not. Karyotype of P. carinii from rabbits showed similar size range of chromosomes with that of the prototype, but in different pattern. The patterns from cats and dogs were also different from that of rats. The present study confirms that cats and dogs are infected by P. carinii and at least total three karyotype strains of P. carinii are proven in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Cho
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Inha University Medical Center, Sungnam, Korea
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16
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Lee HK, Lee WG, Cho SR. Clinical and molecular biological analysis of a nosocomial outbreak of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in a neonatal intensive care unit. Acta Paediatr 1999; 88:651-4. [PMID: 10419251 DOI: 10.1080/08035259950169323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Abstract
Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) have emerged as important nosocomial pathogens since 1988. We report here an outbreak of VRE between April 1997 and May 1997 in our neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). All isolates from four patients were identified as Enterococcus faecium positive and were resistant to vancomycin and teicoplanin. All of the patients with VRE were isolated for at least 5 d after admission to the unit and the positive cultures lasted between 13 and 31 d. There were no cases of sepsis or mortality in the patients with VRE. Two cases had previously received vancomycin therapy. All isolates were shown to have the vanA gene and had the same band pattern on repetitive PCR. After the four episodes, all equipment used to care for the patients were decontaminated and the staff engaged in therapy used disposable gloves and gowns. There were no more episodes. However, the NICU is no longer a safety area with regards to vancomycin-resistant enterococcal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University, Chunan, South Korea
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17
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Lee M, Cho SR, Park YK, Choi MH, Hong ST. The effect of heterogeneous hyperimmune IgG antibody on prophylaxis and treatment of Pneumocystis carinii infection in rats. Korean J Parasitol 1998; 36:127-32. [PMID: 9637830 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.1998.36.2.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has been used in support of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. The present study investigated the therapeutic or preventive effects of heterogeneous hyperimmune IgG antibody (HIA) in experimental rats. Their immunity was suppressed by steroid injection, and they were also injected peritoneally with HIA which reacted with 40-55, 92, 116, and 200 kDa bands of the crude antigen. All rats were infected by P. carinii and the cystic forms on lung impression smears were counted. The count was 20.5-76.5 (mean 52.5 + 19.3) in those which received steroid only, but decreased to 6.0-21.0 (mean 13.5 + 10.6) in those of group 3 which received HIA for the same duration. In other groups, the mean count ranged from 29.9 + 32.9 to 54.1 + 47.7, and in those which received 13.7 mg HIA the reduction effect was greater than in those which received 6.8 mg or 20.5 mg HIA. The present finding confirmed that in rats during the early stage of infection, the heterogeneous HIA to MSG antigen bands had a partial effect on P. carinii pneumonia, both prophylactically and therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lee
- Department of Parasitology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
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18
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Song JH, Lee C, Chang WH, Choi SW, Choi JE, Kim YS, Cho SR, Ryu J, Pai CH. Short-course doxycycline treatment versus conventional tetracycline therapy for scrub typhus: a multicenter randomized trial. Clin Infect Dis 1995; 21:506-10. [PMID: 8527534 DOI: 10.1093/clinids/21.3.506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To assess the clinical efficacy of short-course doxycycline in the treatment of scrub typhus, we compared conventional 7-day tetracycline therapy with 3-day doxycycline therapy in 116 patients. Patients were randomized to receive either tetracycline (500 mg four times daily; n = 50) or doxycycline (100 mg twice daily; n = 66) and were followed for 4 weeks after the completion of treatment. The cure rate was 100% in the tetracycline group and 93.9% in the doxycycline group (P > .05). The two groups did not differ significantly in terms of the interval required for defervescence or for the alleviation of symptoms. There were no relapses in either group. These data suggest that 3-day doxycycline therapy is as effective as conventional 7-day tetracycline therapy for the cure of scrub typhus and the prevention of relapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Song
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Korea
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19
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Chai JY, Cho SR, Kook J, Lee SH. [Infection status of the sea eel (Astroconger myriaster) purchased from the Noryangjin fish market with anisakid larvae]. Kisaengchunghak Chapchi 1992; 30:157-62. [PMID: 1420027 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.1992.30.3.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Although the sea eel (Astroconger myriaster) is suspected as one of the most important fish host for human anisakiasis in Korea, no report has been made on the infection status of the sea eel with anisakid larvae. In the present study, 26 sea eels (Astroconger myriaster) were purchased from the Noryangjin fish market in Seoul, and anisakid larvae were collected from their viscera, muscle, head and skin. The collected larvae were classified by their morphological types. A total of 1,351 anisakid larvae were collected from 15 of 26 fish examined. Among them, 1,269 were recovered from the viscera, 66 from the muscle, and 16 from the head and skin. Morphologically, most of the anisakids were classified into 6 known larval types, Anisakis type I (564 larvae) of Berland (1961), Contracaecum type A (409) and type D (5) of Koyama et al. (1969), Contracaecum type C' (83) and type D' (117) of Chai et al. (1986), and Contracaecum type V (1) of Yamaguti (1935). Remaining 172 specimens were new in the available literature, hence, designated as Contracaecum type A' (new type). The present results revealed that the sea eels caught in the Korean waters are heavily infected with anisakid larvae, not only in their viscera but also in the muscle, and Anisakis type I was the most common among the 7 larval types.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Chai
- Department of Parasitology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
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20
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Abstract
The stiff Lunderquist guidewire may occasionally be needed during percutaneous insertion of a nephrostomy catheter, especially in patients with a large amount of subcutaneous fat or with a hard renal capsule. This wire may fracture at the junction of its stiff portion with the flexible tip. We have reported such an occurrence, in which an operative procedure was avoided by successful percutaneous retrieval of the broken wire tip, using the loop-snare technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Bezirdjian
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond 23298-0615
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21
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Abstract
Over an 8-year period, among 41 patients with obstructive jaundice caused by metastases to the liver or lymph nodes adjacent to the porta hepatis, palliative biliary decompression was established surgically in 11, by percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) in 25, and by both methods in 2. Three patients had no drainage procedure performed. Early mortality after drainage occurred in 6 of 38 patients, and the median survivals (actuarial) for the remaining 32 patients were 4.5 months for the surgical group (range 2 to 21 months) and 4 months for the PTBD group (range 2 to 14 months). Although there were trends toward more frequent hospital readmissions and episodes of cholangitis in the PTBD group, the only statistically significant difference was in the number of catheter manipulations required. We concluded that when patients develop obstructive jaundice as a manifestation of metastatic cancer, useful palliation can be achieved by either surgical or percutaneous decompression.
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Affiliation(s)
- H D Bear
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Medical College of Virginia Station, Richmond 23298-0011
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22
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LeBolt SA, Tisnado J, Cho SR. Treatment of peripheral arterial obstruction with streptokinase: results in arterial vs graft occlusions. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1988; 151:589-92. [PMID: 3261522 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.151.3.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A retrospective study of the efficacy of local low-dose intraarterial streptokinase for the treatment of peripheral arterial occlusion was performed in 60 cases. The results of treatment of occlusion of native arterial and arterial graft occlusions were compared. Twenty-two (73%) of 30 cases of arterial occlusion showed complete or partial angiographic resolution, compared with 16 (53%) of 30 cases of arterial graft occlusion. Ten (71%) of 14 patients with venous arterial grafts were successfully treated vs only six (38%) of 16 patients with prosthetic arterial grafts. These results suggest that streptokinase is an effective fibrinolytic agent for the treatment of arterial occlusion and arterial graft occlusion. Its effectiveness in arterial graft obstruction is comparatively low, although patients with venous grafts respond much more favorably than those with synthetic conduits.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A LeBolt
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond 23298-0615
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23
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Finnegan MF, Tisnado J, Bezirdjian DR, Cho SR. Transcatheter embolotherapy of massive bleeding after surgery for benign gynecologic disorders. Can Assoc Radiol J 1988; 39:172-7. [PMID: 2971049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcatheter embolotherapy is a well-established technique for control of bleeding in patients with pelvic trauma and pelvic malignancies, but it has been rarely used in massive vaginal bleeding after surgery for benign gynecologic disorders. We report five patients with massive post-operative vaginal hemorrhage following total abdominal hysterectomy (n = 3), repeated dilatation and curettage (n = 1) and cesarean section (n = 1), all successfully controlled with transcatheter embolization after many operative procedures had failed to stop the hemorrhage. The age of the patients ranged from 21 to 36 years. All patients underwent embolization of both internal iliac arteries with Gelfoam alone or in combination with stainless steel coils. The bleeding stopped immediately in all patients. Four patients recovered completely and one patient died of disseminated intravascular coagulation and multi-organ failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Finnegan
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
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24
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Tisnado J, Cook DE, Cho SR, Bezirdjian D. General case of the day. Traumatic arteriovenous fistula between the right superficial femoral artery and the deep femoral vein with a large external iliac venous aneurysm. Radiographics 1988; 8:181-7. [PMID: 3281193 DOI: 10.1148/radiographics.8.1.3281193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Tisnado
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond
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25
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Abstract
Three patients with arteriovenous shunts placed for hemodialysis had massive swelling of one of the upper extremities. Venograms showed marked stenoses of the ipsilateral brachiocephalic or subclavian veins. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was used to correct the stenoses and resulted in dramatic clinical improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Ingram
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond 23298
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26
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Baker KS, Bezirdjian DR, Tisnado J, Cho SR. Cervical aortic arch: case report with a 12-year follow-up. Can Assoc Radiol J 1987; 38:302-4. [PMID: 2961766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a patient with a cervical aortic arch diagnosed by thoracic aortography and restudied 12 years later. We also briefly discuss the clinical significance of this rare anomaly of development of the aortic arch.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Baker
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond
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27
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Tripp MD, Tisnado J, Bezirdjian DR, Cho SR. Retrograde venous bullet embolization: a rare occurrence. Can Assoc Radiol J 1987; 38:292-3. [PMID: 2961762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a patient who sustained a single gunshot wound in the left supraclavicular fossa followed by retrograde venous bullet embolization from the left subclavian or innominate veins to a tributary of the right popliteal vein. We briefly discuss the clinical importance of this occurrence and emphasize the value of venography in the diagnosis of this rare form of missile migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Tripp
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond
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28
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Feinberg BB, Resnik E, Hurt WG, Bump RC, Kubota R, Cho SR. Angiographic embolization in the management of late postpartum hemorrhage. A case report. J Reprod Med 1987; 32:929-31. [PMID: 3501466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Bilateral selective embolization of the internal iliac arteries was utilized to control late recurrent post-partum hemorrhage. Angiographic embolization appears to be safe and effective, and giving consideration to its use in patients in similar situations is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- B B Feinberg
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298
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29
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Abstract
Cholangiography is a well established method of evaluating the biliary tract, and the typical appearances of the more commonly encountered biliary tract disorders have been well described. There are many pitfalls, however, in the interpretation of cholangiograms that become apparent as large numbers of patients are examined. These pitfalls may be secondary to: congenital anatomic alteration, failure to appreciate normal biliary ductal anatomy, technical errors, and interpretative confusion. Awareness of these pitfalls is emphasized to avoid serious cholangiographic misdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Turner
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond 23298
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30
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Abstract
We correctly diagnosed seven cases of inflammatory aneurysm of the abdominal aorta preoperatively by computerized tomography (CT) and ultrasonography (US). Excessive thickening of the aneurysmal wall and conspicuous enhancement on CT are the characteristic features that led to the correct diagnosis. Ultrasonographic findings are nonspecific, but US is the screening method of choice. If US shows a sonolucent zone anterior or anterolateral to an atherosclerotic aneurysm, CT should be used to delineate the perivascular abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- C I Liu
- Department of Radiology, McGuire Veterans Administration Medical Center, Richmond, VA 23249
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31
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Cho SR, Tisnado J, Cockrell CH, Beachley MC, Fratkin MJ, Henry DA. Angiographic evaluation of patients with unilateral massive perfusion defects in the lung scan. Radiographics 1987; 7:729-45. [PMID: 3448652 DOI: 10.1148/radiographics.7.4.3448652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary embolism is an uncommon cause of a massive unilateral lung scan perfusion defect; other causes may mimic PE clinically. Angiography may, therefore, be essential for accurate diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Cho
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298
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32
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Cho SR, Messmer J, Bundrick T, Turner MA. Inadvertent inflation of the balloon: a rare but serious complication of Miller-Abbott intubation. Br J Radiol 1987; 60:547-51. [PMID: 3620811 DOI: 10.1259/0007-1285-60-714-547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inadvertent injection of contrast medium or tube feedings into the wrong port of a Miller-Abbott tube can be catastrophic. Four cases are reported, three of which required emergency surgery and two resulted in small-bowel infarction. This complication can easily be avoided if the attending physician and radiologist are aware of the entity.
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Abstract
Over the past 7 years, eight patients with splanchnic artery aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms were studied and treated. Transcatheter embolization resulted in occlusion of the lesions in all eight patients. Potentially risky and difficult surgery was avoided completely in four patients. Three patients had elective surgery at a later date when their condition was more stable. The remaining patient had definitive surgery after embolization. Transcatheter embolization should be the initial treatment of choice in splanchnic artery aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms.
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34
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Lerer B, Moore N, Meyendorff E, Cho SR, Gershon S. Carbamazepine versus lithium in mania: a double-blind study. J Clin Psychiatry 1987; 48:89-93. [PMID: 3546274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-four manic patients were randomly assigned to treatment with carbamazepine or lithium. Clinical response was rated over 4 weeks. Twenty-eight patients, 14 in each group, completed the full protocol. Serum levels for both drugs were within the accepted therapeutic range. The overall response to treatment was not significantly different between the two groups. Comparison of individual Clinical Global Impressions, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, and Beigel-Murphy Manic State Rating Scale change scores showed a more consistent level of improvement across patients in the lithium-treated group compared to a minority of good responders in the carbamazepine-treated group. The findings suggest that carbamazepine has antimanic potential in specific bipolar patients whose clinical characteristics remain to be clearly defined.
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35
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Abstract
Dilatation of stenotic esophageal lesions containing diverticula has not been previously addressed in the literature. We report a case of successful dilatation. With increased intraluminal pressures, there is an increased risk of esophageal rupture in this situation. We suggest that dilatation can be safely done in this situation, and we recommend the use of a Gruntzig balloon catheter because of its unique properties.
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36
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Abstract
Undigested vegetable matter may reach the colon intact and be discovered on barium-enema examination. The authors demonstrate several examples of filling defects in the colon caused by vegetable matter. The characteristic shape and corresponding dietary history should allow for an appropriate diagnosis.
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37
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Tisnado J, Bezirdjian D, Cho SR. An alternative method to identify location of catheter entrance. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1987; 148:231. [PMID: 2947434 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.148.1.231-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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38
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39
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Abstract
A technique is described for angioplasty of the renal arteries using two catheters in a patient with two renal arteries to the left kidney. Injury to the nonstenotic supplemental artery during balloon dilatation of the stenotic main artery was avoided with the use of this technique.
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40
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Abstract
Persistence of the sciatic artery (SA) is a rare vascular anomaly, resulting from lack of regression of an embryonal artery to the lower extremity. Forty-nine cases have been published in the world literature since 1832. The persistent sciatic artery (PSA) is particularly prone to undergo aneurysm formation or atherosclerosis. It originates from the internal iliac artery, courses in close proximity to the sciatic nerve, and provides the main supply to the popliteal artery because a hypoplastic superficial femoral artery (SFA), contributing only collaterals to the knees, is usually associated with a PSA. This anomaly should be kept in mind in the clinical assessment of a pulsatile gluteal mass. It also presents a potential hazard during hip and renal transplant surgery.
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41
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Abstract
This extensive study of thoracic sarcoidosis calls attention to a number of unusual manifestations of the disease including airway compression, venous obstruction and direct pericardial and myocardial involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Henry
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond 23298
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42
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Tisnado J, Cho SR, Beachley MC, Margolius DA. Transcatheter embolization of angiodysplasia of the rectum. Report of a case. Acta Radiol Diagn (Stockh) 1985; 26:677-80. [PMID: 3878664 DOI: 10.1177/028418518502600606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A 51-year-old man with repeated and massive rectal bleeding was found to have a large angiodysplasia of the rectum. A superselective embolization of the distal part of the superior rectal artery with Ivalon controlled the rectal bleeding for 4 months. Lower gastrointestinal bleeding recurred and a recurrent lesion was re-embolized with Ivalon with excellent control of bleeding in a follow-up of 8 months. Embolization is an alternative to surgery for the treatment of rectal angiodysplasia and hopefully may result in a long-term cure.
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43
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Kubota RT, Tripp MD, Tisnado J, Cho SR. Evaluation of traumatic rupture of descending aorta by aortography and computed tomography: case report with follow-up. J Comput Tomogr 1985; 9:237-40. [PMID: 4017614 DOI: 10.1016/0149-936x(85)90068-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Small aortic injuries are difficult to detect by computed tomography. We report a patient with a traumatic aortic injury that was not demonstrated on two high-resolution computed tomography scans 1 month apart despite prior angiographic demonstration of the lesion.
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44
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Shih WJ, Wang AM, Domstad PA, Cho SR, DeLand FH. Intracranial meningioma with abnormal localization of bone-seeking radiopharmaceutical: correlation with gross and microscopic pathology. Eur J Nucl Med 1985; 11:43-5. [PMID: 4043112 DOI: 10.1007/bf00440960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Meningioma is one of the neoplasms in which there may be extraosseous localization of bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals. Tumor calcification, calvarial erosion, and the formation of reactive bone have been proposed as the cause of this abnormal tracer localization. We present a patient with a frontal meningioma that was evaluated using 99mTc-methylene-diphosphonate bone scintigraphy, head computed tomography, and skull radiography; the homogeneous density seen in the radiographic studies corresponded to the area of bone-seeking-agent localization shown in the scintigram. At autopsy, bony tissue and a few psammoma bodies were found in the meningioma, and apparently accounted for the bone-tracer localization. There was no calvarial erosion and no formation of reactive bone. If skull-radiographic studies show a homogeneous, radio-opaque lesion with no reactive changes in the adjacent skull, a meningioma showing a localization of a bone-seeking radiopharmaceutical may be predicted to have bone-tissue formation with or without psammoma bodies.
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45
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Abstract
We describe a patient with a chronic urinary cutaneous fistula following partial nephrectomy of a previously separated horseshoe kidney, who was treated successfully by stainless steel coil embolization of the renal artery. Thus, a major reoperation was avoided.
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Freeman MP, Tisnado J, Cho SR. Transcatheter embolization of the dorsal pancreatic artery to control massive postoperative bleeding. Am J Gastroenterol 1985; 80:185-7. [PMID: 3976637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We report a severely traumatized patient who developed massive bleeding through surgical drains in the postoperative period. Superselective dorsal pancreatic arteriography demonstrated extravasation of contrast material in the pancreatic bed. Embolization with Gel-foam particles successfully controlled this severe bleeding. Transcatheter embolization is the procedure of choice for controlling pancreatic bleeding in acutely traumatized patients.
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Abstract
Various diagnostic imagings in nine patients with mediastinal goiters were presented. The clinical manifestations of these patients were various, from totally asymptomatic to severe dyspnea. Six of the nine patients underwent surgical intervention, three were follicular adenomas and three were nodular goiters. A chest radiograph (positive in seven out of nine patients) provided the most valuable initial localization of a goiter mass to the anterior, middle, or posterior compartment. Esophagograms (performed in four patients) showed compression of esophagus by the mediastinal mass. I-131 scintigraphy (performed in seven patients) was capable of detection of functional (in three patients) vs nonfunctional status of thyroid status (in four patients). Angiography (performed in five patients), characterized by anatomic continuity with cervical thyroid gland, calcifications, well-defined border of masses and/or contrast enhancement, offered important roles to direct a diagnosis of intrathoracic goiter. The computed tomography becomes increasingly important because all mediastinal goiters are not radioiodine avid.
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Tisnado J, Cho SR, Walsh JW, Beachley MC, Goldschmidt RA. Computed tomography versus angiography in the diagnosis of large right adrenal carcinomas. J Comput Tomogr 1984; 8:287-99. [PMID: 6389011 DOI: 10.1016/0149-936x(84)90078-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Adrenal carcinomas are rare. We present four surgically and pathologically proved large right adrenal carcinomas studied by computed tomography, angiography, and other imaging modalities. Computed tomography demonstrated large nonhomogeneous right upper quadrant masses in all four cases, but the adrenal origin of the mass could not be ascertained by computed tomography in three patients due to the transverse display of the anatomy. Ultrasonography provided important additional information in these cases. Arteriography was diagnostic in each case by demonstrating minimal to marked tumor vascularity supplied by adrenal arteries. We also present, for differential diagnostic purposes, a proved benign adrenal hemorrhagic cyst with computed tomography and angiography findings indistinguishable from those of adrenal carcinomas. Computed tomography does not eliminate the need for angiography in patients with large right upper quadrant masses suspected of being an adrenal carcinoma.
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Abstract
Plain film abdominal radiographs of 100 cases of ultrasound-proved ascites were reviewed for findings of ascites. In addition, 100 nonascitic cases proved by sonography were reviewed to evaluate the specificity of these findings. We found that all the described plain film radiographic signs of ascites except the hepatic angle sign are insensitive though specific. The hepatic angle sign has a sensitivity of 84% and a specificity of 70%.
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