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Gebru NM, James TG, Ahn S, Cheong J, Berry MS, Cook RL, Leeman RF. A Behavioral Economic Examination of Sexual Behaviors in the Era of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis via Explanatory Sequential Mixed Methods. Arch Sex Behav 2024; 53:1541-1559. [PMID: 38472604 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-024-02822-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use may be associated with condom use decisions. The current investigation examined sexual decision-making in the context of PrEP among young adult men who have sex with men (MSM) between 18 and 30 years old, using an explanatory sequential mixed methods design. For the quantitative aim, 99 MSM currently taking PrEP (i.e., PrEP-experienced) and 140 MSM not currently taking PrEP (i.e., PrEP-naive) completed an online survey, including the Sexual Delay Discounting Task (SDDT), which captures likelihood of condom use. For the qualitative aim, 15 people from each group were interviewed about their (1) conceptualizations of risky sex and (2) ways they manage their sexual risk. Participants were, on average, 25.69 years old (SD = 3.07) and 64% White. Results from the quantitative aim revealed, controlling for covariates, PrEP-experienced participants exhibited significantly lower likelihood of (1) using an immediately available condom and (2) waiting for a delayed condom (i.e., sexual delay discounting) compared to PrEP-naive participants. Qualitative themes explaining what young adult MSM consider to be risky sex included: (1) any sex as risky sex, (2) risky sex as "sex without a conversation," and (3) risky sex as sex with risk for physical harm. Themes on ways young adult MSM manage sexual risk were classified as proactive, reactive, and passive. Results suggest that PrEP use is related to condom use decisions. Taken together, quantitative differences in sexual delay discounting, but qualitatively similar conceptualizations and management of risky sex, suggest that the SDDT may be a useful tool in sex research to capture processes (i.e., delay discounting) underlying sexual decision-making that may be missed by traditional self-reports. Implications of results, including potentially providing (good quality) condoms with every PrEP prescription, and future research topics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nioud Mulugeta Gebru
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S. Main St., Box G-S121-3, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Southern HIV and Alcohol Research Consortium (SHARC), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Tyler G James
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Seungjun Ahn
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - JeeWon Cheong
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Meredith S Berry
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Robert L Cook
- Southern HIV and Alcohol Research Consortium (SHARC), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Robert F Leeman
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
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2
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Ahn S, Datta S. Differential network connectivity analysis for microbiome data adjusted for clinical covariates using jackknife pseudo-values. BMC Bioinformatics 2024; 25:117. [PMID: 38500042 PMCID: PMC10946111 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-024-05689-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A recent breakthrough in differential network (DN) analysis of microbiome data has been realized with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies. The DN analysis disentangles the microbial co-abundance among taxa by comparing the network properties between two or more graphs under different biological conditions. However, the existing methods to the DN analysis for microbiome data do not adjust for other clinical differences between subjects. RESULTS We propose a Statistical Approach via Pseudo-value Information and Estimation for Differential Network Analysis (SOHPIE-DNA) that incorporates additional covariates such as continuous age and categorical BMI. SOHPIE-DNA is a regression technique adopting jackknife pseudo-values that can be implemented readily for the analysis. We demonstrate through simulations that SOHPIE-DNA consistently reaches higher recall and F1-score, while maintaining similar precision and accuracy to existing methods (NetCoMi and MDiNE). Lastly, we apply SOHPIE-DNA on two real datasets from the American Gut Project and the Diet Exchange Study to showcase the utility. The analysis of the Diet Exchange Study is to showcase that SOHPIE-DNA can also be used to incorporate the temporal change of connectivity of taxa with the inclusion of additional covariates. As a result, our method has found taxa that are related to the prevention of intestinal inflammation and severity of fatigue in advanced metastatic cancer patients. CONCLUSION SOHPIE-DNA is the first attempt of introducing the regression framework for the DN analysis in microbiome data. This enables the prediction of characteristics of a connectivity of a network with the presence of additional covariate information in the regression. The R package with a vignette of our methodology is available through the CRAN repository ( https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=SOHPIE ), named SOHPIE (pronounced as Sofie). The source code and user manual can be found at https://github.com/sjahnn/SOHPIE-DNA .
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungjun Ahn
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Somnath Datta
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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Ahn S, Datta S. SOHPIE: statistical approach via pseudo-value information and estimation for differential network analysis of microbiome data. Bioinformatics 2024; 40:btad766. [PMID: 38134422 PMCID: PMC10807904 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btad766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY The SOHPIE R package implements a novel functionality for "multivariable" differential co-abundance network (DN, hereafter) analyses of microbiome data. It incorporates a regression approach that adjusts for additional covariates for DN analyses. This distinguishes from previous prominent approaches in DN analyses such as MDiNE and NetCoMi which do not feature a covariate adjustment of finding taxa that are differentially connected (DC, hereafter) between individuals with different clinical and phenotypic characteristics. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION SOHPIE with a vignette is available on CRAN repository https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=SOHPIE and published under General Public License (GPL) version 3 license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungjun Ahn
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Somnath Datta
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
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4
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Ahn S, Datta S. PRANA: an R package for differential co-expression network analysis with the presence of additional covariates. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:687. [PMID: 37974076 PMCID: PMC10652545 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09787-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advances in sequencing technology and cost reduction have enabled an emergence of various statistical methods used in RNA-sequencing data, including the differential co-expression network analysis (or differential network analysis). A key benefit of this method is that it takes into consideration the interactions between or among genes and do not require an established knowledge in biological pathways. As of now, none of existing softwares can incorporate covariates that should be adjusted if they are confounding factors while performing the differential network analysis. RESULTS We develop an R package PRANA which a user can easily include multiple covariates. The main R function in this package leverages a novel pseudo-value regression approach for a differential network analysis in RNA-sequencing data. This software is also enclosed with complementary R functions for extracting adjusted p-values and coefficient estimates of all or specific variable for each gene, as well as for identifying the names of genes that are differentially connected (DC, hereafter) between subjects under biologically different conditions from the output. CONCLUSION Herewith, we demonstrate the application of this package in a real data on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. PRANA is available through the CRAN repositories under the GPL-3 license: https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/PRANA/index.html .
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungjun Ahn
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
- Institute for Healthcare Delivery Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
| | - Somnath Datta
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
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Zhang X, Ahn S, Qiu P, Datta S. Identification of shared biological features in four different lung cell lines infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus through RNA-seq analysis. Front Genet 2023; 14:1235927. [PMID: 37662846 PMCID: PMC10468990 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1235927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in millions of confirmed cases and deaths worldwide. Understanding the biological mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection is crucial for the development of effective therapies. This study conducts differential expression (DE) analysis, pathway analysis, and differential network (DN) analysis on RNA-seq data of four lung cell lines, NHBE, A549, A549.ACE2, and Calu3, to identify their common and unique biological features in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. DE analysis shows that cell line A549.ACE2 has the highest number of DE genes, while cell line NHBE has the lowest. Among the DE genes identified for the four cell lines, 12 genes are overlapped, associated with various health conditions. The most significant signaling pathways varied among the four cell lines. Only one pathway, "cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction", is found to be significant among all four cell lines and is related to inflammation and immune response. The DN analysis reveals considerable variation in the differential connectivity of the most significant pathway shared among the four lung cell lines. These findings help to elucidate the mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Seungjun Ahn
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Peihua Qiu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Somnath Datta
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Lee KM, Ahn S, Park E, Kim M. Low-Loss Pogo Pin Probe Card with a Coupling Isolation Structure up to 50 GHz. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:5420. [PMID: 37420587 DOI: 10.3390/s23125420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
A design for a millimeter wave RF probe card that removes resonance is proposed. The designed probe card optimizes the position of the ground surface and the signal pogo pins to resolve the resonance and signal loss issues that occur when connecting a dielectric socket and a PCB. At millimeter wave frequencies, the height of the dielectric socket and pogo pin matches the length of half a wavelength, allowing the socket to act as a resonator. When the leakage signal from the PCB line is coupled to the 2.9 mm high socket with pogo pins, resonance at a frequency of 28 GHz is generated. The probe card uses the ground plane as a shielding structure to minimize this resonance and radiation loss. The importance of the signal pin location is verified via measurements in order to address the discontinuity caused by field polarity switching. A probe card fabricated using the proposed technique exhibits an insertion loss performance of -8 dB up to 50 GHz and eliminates resonance. A signal with an insertion loss of -3.1 dB can be transmitted to a system-on-chip in a practical chip test.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - S Ahn
- Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Suwon 16677, Republic of Korea
| | - E Park
- Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Suwon 16677, Republic of Korea
| | - M Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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7
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Bishop J, Rogachev GV, Ahn S, Barbui M, Cha SM, Harris E, Hunt C, Kim CH, Kim D, Kim SH, Koshchiy E, Luo Z, Park C, Parker CE, Pollacco EC, Roeder BT, Roosa M, Saastamoinen A, Scriven DP. First Observation of the β3αp Decay of ^{13}O via β-Delayed Charged-Particle Spectroscopy. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:222501. [PMID: 37327448 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.222501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The β-delayed proton decay of ^{13}O has previously been studied, but the direct observation of β-delayed 3αp decay has not been reported. Rare 3αp events from the decay of excited states in ^{13}N^{⋆} provide a sensitive probe of cluster configurations in ^{13}N. To measure the low-energy products following β-delayed 3αp decay, the Texas Active Target (TexAT) time projection chamber was employed using the one-at-a-time β-delayed charged-particle spectroscopy technique at the Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University. A total of 1.9×10^{5} ^{13}O implantations were made inside the TexAT time projection chamber. A total of 149 3αp events were observed, yielding a β-delayed 3αp branching ratio of 0.078(6)%. Four previously unknown α-decaying excited states were observed in ^{13}N at 11.3, 12.4, 13.1, and 13.7 MeV decaying via the 3α+p channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bishop
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - G V Rogachev
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Nuclear Solutions Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - S Ahn
- Center for Exotic Nuclear Studies, Institute for Basic Science, 34126 Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - M Barbui
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - S M Cha
- Center for Exotic Nuclear Studies, Institute for Basic Science, 34126 Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - E Harris
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - C Hunt
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - C H Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Seoul 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - D Kim
- Center for Exotic Nuclear Studies, Institute for Basic Science, 34126 Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - E Koshchiy
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Z Luo
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - C Park
- Center for Exotic Nuclear Studies, Institute for Basic Science, 34126 Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - C E Parker
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - E C Pollacco
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette 91190, France
| | - B T Roeder
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - M Roosa
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - A Saastamoinen
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D P Scriven
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
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8
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Browne J, Chipps KA, Schmidt K, Schatz H, Ahn S, Pain SD, Montes F, Ong WJ, Greife U, Allen J, Bardayan DW, Blackmon JC, Blankstein D, Cha S, Chae KY, Febbraro M, Hall MR, Jones KL, Kontos A, Meisel Z, O'Malley PD, Schmitt KT, Smith K, Smith MS, Thompson P, Toomey R, Vostinar M, Walter D. First Direct Measurement Constraining the ^{34}Ar(α,p)^{37}K Reaction Cross Section for Mixed Hydrogen and Helium Burning in Accreting Neutron Stars. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:212701. [PMID: 37295108 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.212701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The rate of the final step in the astrophysical αp process, the ^{34}Ar(α,p)^{37}K reaction, suffers from large uncertainties due to a lack of experimental data, despite having a considerable impact on the observable light curves of x-ray bursts and the composition of the ashes of hydrogen and helium burning on accreting neutron stars. We present the first direct measurement constraining the ^{34}Ar(α,p)^{37}K reaction cross section, using the Jet Experiments in Nuclear Structure and Astrophysics gas jet target. The combined cross section for the ^{34}Ar,Cl(α,p)^{37}K,Ar reaction is found to agree well with Hauser-Feshbach predictions. The ^{34}Ar(α,2p)^{36}Ar cross section, which can be exclusively attributed to the ^{34}Ar beam component, also agrees to within the typical uncertainties quoted for statistical models. This indicates the applicability of the statistical model for predicting astrophysical (α,p) reaction rates in this part of the αp process, in contrast to earlier findings from indirect reaction studies indicating orders-of-magnitude discrepancies. This removes a significant uncertainty in models of hydrogen and helium burning on accreting neutron stars.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Browne
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA-CEE), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - K A Chipps
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
| | - Konrad Schmidt
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA-CEE), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - H Schatz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA-CEE), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - S Ahn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA-CEE), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - S D Pain
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
| | - F Montes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA-CEE), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - W J Ong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA-CEE), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - U Greife
- Physics Department, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401
| | - J Allen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - D W Bardayan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA-CEE), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - J C Blackmon
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803
| | - D Blankstein
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - S Cha
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - K Y Chae
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - M Febbraro
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - M R Hall
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - K L Jones
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
| | - A Kontos
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA-CEE), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - Z Meisel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA-CEE), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - P D O'Malley
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - K T Schmitt
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - K Smith
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
| | - M S Smith
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - P Thompson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
| | - R Toomey
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - M Vostinar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - D Walter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
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Pandithawatta S, Ahn S, Rameezdeen R, Chow CWK, Gorjian N, Kim TW. Development of a Knowledge Graph for Automatic Job Hazard Analysis: The Schema. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:s23083893. [PMID: 37112233 PMCID: PMC10146431 DOI: 10.3390/s23083893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the current practice, an essential element of safety management systems, Job Hazard Analysis (JHA), is performed manually, relying on the safety personnel's experiential knowledge and observations. This research was conducted to create a new ontology that comprehensively represents the JHA knowledge domain, including the implicit knowledge. Specifically, 115 actual JHA documents and interviews with 18 JHA domain experts were analyzed and used as the source of knowledge for creating a new JHA knowledge base, namely the Job Hazard Analysis Knowledge Graph (JHAKG). To ensure the quality of the developed ontology, a systematic approach to ontology development called METHONTOLOGY was used in this process. The case study performed for validation purposes demonstrates that a JHAKG can operate as a knowledge base that answers queries regarding hazards, external factors, level of risks, and appropriate control measures to mitigate risks. As the JHAKG is a database of knowledge representing a large number of actual JHA cases previously developed and also implicit knowledge that has not been formalized in any explicit forms yet, the quality of JHA documents produced from queries to the database is expectedly higher than the ones produced by an individual safety manager in terms of completeness and comprehensiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Pandithawatta
- Sustainable Infrastructure and Resource Management, UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Seungjun Ahn
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul 04066, Republic of Korea
| | - Raufdeen Rameezdeen
- Sustainable Infrastructure and Resource Management, UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Christopher W. K. Chow
- Sustainable Infrastructure and Resource Management, UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Nima Gorjian
- Sustainable Infrastructure and Resource Management, UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- Sustainable Infrastructure, South Australian Water Corporation, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Tae Wan Kim
- Division of Architecture and Urban Design, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
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10
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Ahn S, Datta S. Differential Co-Abundance Network Analyses for Microbiome Data Adjusted for Clinical Covariates Using Jackknife Pseudo-Values. ArXiv 2023:arXiv:2303.13702v1. [PMID: 36994149 PMCID: PMC10055480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
A recent breakthrough in differential network (DN) analysis of microbiome data has been realized with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies. The DN analysis disentangles the microbial co-abundance among taxa by comparing the network properties between two or more graphs under different biological conditions. However, the existing methods to the DN analysis for microbiome data do not adjust for other clinical differences between subjects. We propose a Statistical Approach via Pseudo-value Information and Estimation for Differential Network Analysis (SOHPIE-DNA) that incorporates additional covariates such as continuous age and categorical BMI. SOHPIE-DNA is a regression technique adopting jackknife pseudo-values that can be implemented readily for the analysis. We demonstrate through simulations that SOHPIE-DNA consistently reaches higher recall and F1-score, while maintaining similar precision and accuracy to existing methods (NetCoMi and MDiNE). Lastly, we apply SOHPIE-DNA on two real datasets from the American Gut Project and the Diet Exchange Study to showcase the utility. The analysis of the Diet Exchange Study is to showcase that SOHPIE-DNA can also be used to incorporate the temporal change of connectivity of taxa with the inclusion of additional covariates. As a result, our method has found taxa that are related to the prevention of intestinal inflammation and severity of fatigue in advanced metastatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungjun Ahn
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Road, 5th Floor CTRB, Gainesville, 32611, FL, U.S.A
| | - Somnath Datta
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Road, 5th Floor CTRB, Gainesville, 32611, FL, U.S.A
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Laguna A, Harwell A, Angenent-Mari V, Buchanan S, Persad-Paisley E, Ahn S. Abstract No. 285 Assessment of Readability and Quality of Spanish-Language Online Uterine Artery Embolization Patient Education Resources. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
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12
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Kasthuri V, Laguna A, Kim N, Yoon J, Ahn S. Abstract No. 289 Modern Search Analytics: What Are Patients Asking ecan Uterine Artery Embolization? J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
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Kasthuri V, Kim N, Laguna A, Yoon J, Ahn S. Abstract No. 604 Modern Search Analytics: What Are Patients Asking about Prostate Artery Embolization? J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
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14
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Kasthuri V, Shamshad A, Davis M, Yoon J, Kumar S, Ahn S. Abstract No. 605 Modern Search Analytics: What Are Patients Asking about Varicocele Embolization? J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
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15
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Kasthuri V, Gillette J, Zhang H, Kumar S, Yoon J, Ahn S. Abstract No. 190 Modern Search Analytics: What Are Patients Asking about Varicose Vein Ablation? J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
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16
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Ahn S, Grimes T, Datta S. A pseudo-value regression approach for differential network analysis of co-expression data. BMC Bioinformatics 2023; 24:8. [PMID: 36624383 PMCID: PMC9830718 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-022-05123-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The differential network (DN) analysis identifies changes in measures of association among genes under two or more experimental conditions. In this article, we introduce a pseudo-value regression approach for network analysis (PRANA). This is a novel method of differential network analysis that also adjusts for additional clinical covariates. We start from mutual information criteria, followed by pseudo-value calculations, which are then entered into a robust regression model. RESULTS This article assesses the model performances of PRANA in a multivariable setting, followed by a comparison to dnapath and DINGO in both univariable and multivariable settings through variety of simulations. Performance in terms of precision, recall, and F1 score of differentially connected (DC) genes is assessed. By and large, PRANA outperformed dnapath and DINGO, neither of which is equipped to adjust for available covariates such as patient-age. Lastly, we employ PRANA in a real data application from the Gene Expression Omnibus database to identify DC genes that are associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to demonstrate its utility. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt of utilizing a regression modeling for DN analysis by collective gene expression levels between two or more groups with the inclusion of additional clinical covariates. By and large, adjusting for available covariates improves accuracy of a DN analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungjun Ahn
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Tyler Grimes
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, USA
| | - Somnath Datta
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.
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Kim J, Park JH, Moon S, Kim S, Song J, Ahn S, Cho H. 46 The Effect of Mechanical Chest Compression Device on Survival After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest According to Patient Transport Interval: A Multi-center Observational Study. Ann Emerg Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2022.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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18
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Song J, Kim SJ, Lee S, Lim H, Ahn S, Kim J, Park J, Cho HJ, Moon S, Jeon ET. 44 Prediction of Mortality Among Patients With Isolated Traumatic Brain Injury Using Machine Learning Models in Asian Countries: An International Multicenter Cohort Study. Ann Emerg Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2022.08.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Jin BY, Song J, Kim J, Park JH, Kim S, Cho H, Moon S, Kim DH, Ahn S. 127 Effect of Metformin on Survival Outcomes in In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients With Diabetes. Ann Emerg Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2022.08.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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20
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Kim Y, Ahn S, Jeun S, Lee Y, Park J. P11.40.A Clinicopathological Analysis of High risk Pituitary Adenomas According to the 2017 WHO Classification System for Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors (PitNET). Neuro Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac174.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The 2017 WHO classification of pituitary tumors has revealed “high-risk pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs)”, which were known to have high probability for recurrence. Tumor invasion was not included in the pathological grading and classification due to frequent lack of proper pathologic assessment. However, it mentioned tumor invasion as an important prognostic feature in identifying clinically aggressive adenomas.
Material and Methods
We performed a retrospective review of a prospectively collected dataset from January 2018 to March 2021. Patient’s clinical presentation, radiologic features, pathologic findings, and clinical outcome were gathered. Inter-group analysis was performed for high-risk versus low-risk tumors, and invasive versus non-invasive tumors.
Results
Among total 116 cases of PitNETs, high-risk and low-risk tumors were identified in 32 and 84 cases, respectively. The inter-group comparison showed no differences in clinical presentation, radiologic features, pathologic findings, and clinical outcomes.Invasive and non-invasive tumors were identified in 49 and 67 cases, respectively. The invasive group tumors were more symptomatic ( 29 (59.2%) vs. 30 (44.8%), p= 0.031), with larger tumor size over 40mm (9 (18.4%) vs. 1 (1.5%), p = 0.002), and more likely to have Knosp grade higher than 3. The gross-total resection was less achievable (7 (14.3%) vs 26 (38.8%), p = 0.007) However, Ki-67 index showed no significantly difference between the invasive group and non-invasive group (2.0 vs 2.0 , p= 0.556).
Conclusion
According to our study results, the pathologic diagnosis of a high-risk tumor does not necessarily seem to properly reflect the clinical aggressiveness. Tumor invasion, however, seems to better represent the aggressive tumors that requires proper and active treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kim
- Seoul St.Mary's Hospital , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - S Ahn
- Seoul St.Mary's Hospital , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - S Jeun
- Seoul St.Mary's Hospital , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - Y Lee
- Seoul St.Mary's Hospital , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
| | - J Park
- Seoul St.Mary's Hospital , Seoul , Korea, Republic of
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21
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Oulee A, Ahn S, Shahsavari S, Martin A, Wu J. LB897 The risk of COVID-19 infection in patients with alopecia areata. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [PMCID: PMC9296966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Savarimuthu S, Midgett D, Thorn S, Ahn S, Avendano R, Melvinsdottir I, Duncan J, Papademetris X, Sinusas A. 445 Three-dimensional High Resolution Lagrangian Strain Analysis In The Right Ventricle Using Cinect In A Porcine Model. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcct.2022.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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23
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Yücel G, Ahn S, Ecemiş T, Keskin M, Arslanca T, Atik A. P-655 Insulin like growth factor-1 levels in follicular fluids of patients with poor ovarian response undergoing in vitro fertilization. Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac107.604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Does follicular fluid insulin like growth factor level (IGF-1) in poor responders (PR) differ from normoresponders? Is there a correlation between IGF-1 and IVF outcomes?
Summary answer
Follicular IGF-1 levels are decreased in poor-responders A positive correlation exists between IGF-1 and number of metaphase II (MII) oocytes, fertilized oocytes and transferred embryos
What is known already
IGFs are mainly synthesized in liver with growth hormone stimulation. IGF-1 component in follicular fluid has been reported to play a crucial role in follicular and embryonic development. In addition to previously reported positive correlation between follicular IGF-I levels and number of high quality embryos, a significant decrease in IGF-1 levels with PR and advanced maternal age has also been reported. GH supplementation in poor responders undergoing IVF has been suggested to improve IVF outcomes. A recent Cochrane analysis reported that GH slightly increases the number of oocytes retrieved and there is an uncertain effect on live birth rates (LBR).
Study design, size, duration
Study was designed prospectively. A power analysis, of 91% determined a need for 186 patients. Therefore 186 women undergoing IVF between October 2019 and December 2020 were included. 72 (%38,7) patients were assigned to PRs group according to Bologna criteria (BC) and 114 patients (%61.3) were recruited as controls. Antagonist protocol was used for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. hCG was administered for ovulation trigger.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
Following the ovarian hyperstimulation follicular fluid samples were collected during oocyte retrieval. When the total desired number of patients was reached, frozen and preserved follicle fluids were thawed at room temperature. IGF-1 levels in samples were measured using hIGF-1 ELISA kit (BT®, China). Follicular IGF-1 levels in PRs were compared to normoresponders and correlation between IGF-1 levels and AMH levels, number of retrieved oocytes, MII and fertilized oocytes, transferred embriyos and LBR were evaluated.
Main results and the role of chance
Mean IGF-1 levels of normoresponders and Bologna subgroups (B1, B2, B3, B4) were 13.79±14.50 ng/ml vs 5.75±1.86, 5.47±2.83, 5.96±2.16 and 5.03±1.85 ng/ml respectively (p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in clinical pregnancy (CP) per transfer and LBR per transfer between normoresponders and PRs (CPR/ET: 55.1% vs 43.7%, p:0.375; 26.5% vs 12.5% , p: 0.257). In the ROC analysis for the prediction of collection of fewer than 4 oocytes at retrieval (according to BC definition of PR), statistically determined IGF-1 value was 7.02 with a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 38.6%. Patients with an IGF-1 value below 7.02 had a higher risk of having an oocyte number less than 4According to the results of Spearman's correlation analysis, IGF-1 levels were negatively correlated with age and number of previous failed cycles (r:-0.250, p:0,001; r:-0.153, p:0,039 respectively). IGF-1 levels were positively correlated with AMH levels, oocyte, MII oocyte, fertilized oocyte numbers and number of transferred embriyos (r: 0.221, p: 0.007; r: 0.283, p < 0.001; r: 0.293, p < 0.001; r: 0.282, p < 0.001; r: 0.194, p: 0.008 respectively). There was a positive correlation between IGF-1 levels and cycle cancellation rates (r: 0.637, p < 0,001). There was no correlation between IGF-1 levels and LBR (p:0.118).
Limitations, reasons for caution
Small number of patients was the main limitation of study.Results were not interpreted as LBR in all cases, as 21% (n:24) of the cases had still ongoing pregnancies
Wider implications of the findings
Detecting lower follicular levels of IGF-1 which plays a crucial role in GH activity may highligt the effect of GH supplementation in poor responders undergoing IVF in terms of improved outcomes. However, there is need for more solid data to employ GH in IVF treatment modalities of poor-responders.
Trial registration number
not applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- G.S Yücel
- ufuk university faculty of medicine, gynecology and obstetrics , ankara, Turkey
| | - S Ahn
- ufuk university faculty of medicine, gynecology and obstetrics , ankara, Turkey
| | - T Ecemiş
- gen art ıvf center, obstetrics and gynecology , ankara, Turkey
| | - M Keskin
- ufuk university faculty of medicine, gynecology and obstetrics , ankara, Turkey
| | - T Arslanca
- ufuk university faculty of medicine, gynecology and obstetrics , ankara, Turkey
| | - A Atik
- gen art ıvf center, embriyology , ankara, Turkey
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24
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Hsieh C, Ward R, Oueidat K, Baird G, Ahn S. Abstract No. 262 Recurrence of breast cancer post-cryoablation in candidates previously excluded from clinical trials. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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25
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Park J, Wu H, Kim J, Lee J, Ahn S, Chung E, Eom K, Jeong W, Kwon T, Kim S, Wee C. PD-0823 Adjuvant Radiotherapy for Node-negative Parotid Gland Cancer Patients Undergoing Curative Resection. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)02964-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Bishop J, Parker CE, Rogachev GV, Ahn S, Koshchiy E, Brandenburg K, Brune CR, Charity RJ, Derkin J, Dronchi N, Hamad G, Jones-Alberty Y, Kokalova T, Massey TN, Meisel Z, Ohstrom EV, Paneru SN, Pollacco EC, Saxena M, Singh N, Smith R, Sobotka LG, Soltesz D, Subedi SK, Voinov AV, Warren J, Wheldon C. Neutron-upscattering enhancement of the triple-alpha process. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2151. [PMID: 35444209 PMCID: PMC9021293 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29848-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The neutron inelastic scattering of carbon-12, populating the Hoyle state, is a reaction of interest for the triple-alpha process. The inverse process (neutron upscattering) can enhance the Hoyle state’s decay rate to the bound states of 12C, effectively increasing the overall triple-alpha reaction rate. The cross section of this reaction is impossible to measure experimentally but has been determined here at astrophysically-relevant energies using detailed balance. Using a highly-collimated monoenergetic beam, here we measure neutrons incident on the Texas Active Target Time Projection Chamber (TexAT TPC) filled with CO2 gas, we measure the 3α-particles (arising from the decay of the Hoyle state following inelastic scattering) and a cross section is extracted. Here we show the neutron-upscattering enhancement is observed to be much smaller than previously expected. The importance of the neutron-upscattering enhancement may therefore not be significant aside from in very particular astrophysical sites (e.g. neutron star mergers). The triple-alpha process plays a role in nucleosynthesis, in the formation of 12C. Here, the authors discuss the rate and role of the neutron upscattering phenomenon on the triple-alpha process in a multi-step process.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bishop
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
| | - C E Parker
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - G V Rogachev
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.,Department of Physics & Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.,Nuclear Solutions Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - S Ahn
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.,Center for Exotic Nuclear Studies, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - E Koshchiy
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - K Brandenburg
- Edwards Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - C R Brune
- Edwards Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - R J Charity
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - J Derkin
- Edwards Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - N Dronchi
- Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - G Hamad
- Edwards Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - Y Jones-Alberty
- Edwards Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - Tz Kokalova
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - T N Massey
- Edwards Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - Z Meisel
- Edwards Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - E V Ohstrom
- Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - S N Paneru
- Edwards Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - E C Pollacco
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - M Saxena
- Edwards Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - N Singh
- Edwards Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - R Smith
- Department of Engineering and Mathematics, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK
| | - L G Sobotka
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.,Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.,McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - D Soltesz
- Edwards Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - S K Subedi
- Edwards Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - A V Voinov
- Edwards Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - J Warren
- Edwards Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - C Wheldon
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Hemli JM, Ducca EL, Chaplin WF, Arader LL, Scheinerman SJ, Lesser ML, Ahn S, Mihelis EA, Jahn LA, Patel NC, Brinster DR. Transfusion in Root Replacement for Aortic Dissection: STS Adult Cardiac Surgery Database Analysis. Ann Thorac Surg 2022; 114:2149-2156. [PMID: 35452664 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2022.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transfusion in acute aortic syndromes has been studied in a limited fashion. We sought to describe contemporary transfusion practice for root replacement in acute (Stanford) type A aortic dissection (ATAAD). METHODS The STS Adult Cardiac Surgery Database was interrogated to identify patients who underwent primary aortic root replacement for ATAAD (July 2014 - June 2017). Patients (n = 1558) were stratified by type of root replacement. Multivariate regression was used to determine those variables associated with transfusion and postoperative morbidity. RESULTS Transfusion was required in 90.5% of cases (n = 1410). Operative mortality for all patients was 17.3% (261 deaths). Intraoperative red blood cell (RBC) transfusion portended reduced short-term survival (odds ratio {OR} 2.00, p = 0.025). Massive postoperative transfusion was associated with prolonged ventilation (OR 13.47, p < 0.001), sepsis (OR 4.13, p < 0.001), and new dialysis-dependent renal-failure (OR 2.43, p < 0.001). Females were more likely to require transfusion (OR 3.03, p < 0.001), as were patients who had coronary bypass (OR 1.57, p = 0.009), and those in shock (OR 2.27, p < 0.001). Valve-sparing aortic root replacement (VSARR) was associated with reduced transfusion requirements vs. composite roots. Institutional case volume was not appreciably correlated with transfusion. CONCLUSIONS Most patients undergoing root replacement for aortic dissection require blood products. Composite root replacement is associated with a greater likelihood of transfusion than a valve-sparing operation. Transfusion independently foreshadows greater operative mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Hemli
- Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital / Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Emma L Ducca
- Department of Psychology, St John's University, Queens, NY, USA
| | | | | | - S Jacob Scheinerman
- Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital / Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin L Lesser
- Biostatistics Unit, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research / Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY, USA
| | - Seungjun Ahn
- Biostatistics Unit, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research / Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY, USA
| | - Efstathia A Mihelis
- Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital / Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lynda A Jahn
- Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital / Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nirav C Patel
- Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital / Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Derek R Brinster
- Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital / Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA
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Ahn S, Moon DG, Cho S, Lee H, Han DE, Lee DH. Postoperative Progress of Modified Grid Incision and Sealing with Collagen Fleece for Treatment of Peyronie's Disease. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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29
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Ha YJ, Ji E, Lee JH, Kim JH, Park EH, Chung SW, Chang SH, Yoo JJ, Kang EH, Ahn S, Song YW, Lee YJ. High Estimated 24-Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion Is Related to Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:581-589. [PMID: 35718867 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1804-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES High salt intake results in various harmful effects on human health including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and reduced bone density. Despite this, there are very few studies in the literature that have investigated the association between sodium intake and osteoarthritis (OA). Therefore, we aimed to explore these associations in a Korean population. METHODS This study used cross-sectional data from adult subjects aged 50-75 years from two consecutive periods of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V-VII (2010-2011 and 2014-2016). The estimated 24-hour urinary sodium excretion (24HUNa) was used as a surrogate marker of salt intake. In the 2010-2011 dataset, knee OA (KOA) was defined as the presence of the radiographic features of OA and knee pain. The association between KOA and salt intake was analysed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression methods. For the sensitivity analysis, the same procedures were conducted on subjects with self-reported OA (SR-OA) with knee pain in the 2010-2011 dataset and any site SR-OA in the 2014-2016 dataset. RESULTS Subjects with KOA had significantly lower energy intake, but higher 24HUNa than those without KOA. The restricted cubic spline plots demonstrated a J-shaped distribution between 24HUNa and prevalent KOA. When 24HUNa was stratified into five groups (<2, 2-3, 3-4, 4-5 and ≥5 g/day), subjects with high sodium intake (≥5 g/day) had a higher risk of KOA (odds ratio [OR] = 1.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-2.62) compared to the reference group (3-4 g/day) after adjusting for covariates. The sensitivity analysis based on SR-OA with knee pain showed that high sodium intake was also significantly associated with increased prevalence of OA (OR = 1.84, 95% CI 1.10-3.10) compared with the reference group. Regarding SR-OA at any site in the 2014-2016 dataset, estimated 24HUNa showed a significantly positive association with the presence of SR-OA after adjusting for potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS This nationwide Korean representative study showed a significant association between symptomatic KOA and high sodium intake (≥5 g/day). Avoidance of a diet high in salt might be beneficial as a non-pharmacologic therapy for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-J Ha
- Yun Jong Lee, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro, 173 Beongil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13620, Korea, Tel.: +82-31-787-7049, Fax.: +82-31-787-4051, E-mail:
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Kim H, Heo YJ, Cho YA, Kang SY, Ahn S, Kim KM. Tumor immune microenvironment is influenced by frameshift mutations and tumor mutational burden in gastric cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 24:556-567. [PMID: 34767183 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02714-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Immunoscore can effectively predict prognosis in patients with colon cancer; however, its clinical application is limited. We modified the Immunoscore and created a tumor immune microenvironment (TIM) classification system for gastric carcinoma. Unlike previous studies that used small sample sizes or focused on particular immune-cell subtypes, our simplified system enables pathologists to classify gastric carcinomas intuitively using H&E-stained sections. METHODS Samples from 326 patients with advanced gastric carcinoma were reviewed and analyzed by pathologists using simple determination and digital image analysis. Comprehensive results of cancer-panel sequencing, Epstein-Barr‒virus (EBV) status, and PD-L1, HER2, ATM, PTEN, MET, FGFR2, and EGFR immunohistochemistry were evaluated with respect to the TIM class. RESULTS The TIM was classified as "hot" (n = 22), "immunosuppressed" (n = 178), "excluded" (n = 83), or "cold" (n = 43). TIM category was significantly associated with numbers of frameshift mutations (P < 0.001) and high tumor mutational burden (P < 0.004), and predicted overall survival. It was also significantly associated with age, histological type, degree of fibrosis, PD-L1 expression, loss of ATM and PTEN expression (P < 0.001), sex, EBV positivity, and HER2 overexpression (P < 0.04). "Hot" tumors were frequent in PD-L1 expressing and EBV-positive samples, and in those with ATM and PTEN loss. "Excluded" tumors were frequent in HER2-positive cases, whereas "cold" tumors were more frequent in younger patients with poorly cohesive histology and high fibrosis levels. CONCLUSIONS TIM classification system for gastric carcinoma has prognostic significance and results in classes that are associated with molecular characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kim
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y J Heo
- The Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y A Cho
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Kang
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Ahn
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K -M Kim
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,The Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Appold B, Soniega-Sherwood J, Persaud R, Moss R, Ramnarine M, LaVine SP, Bhansali R, Ahn S, Richman M. Reining in Unnecessary Admission EKGs: A Successful Interdepartmental High-Value Care Initiative. Cureus 2021; 13:e18351. [PMID: 34722095 PMCID: PMC8552818 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.18351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Unnecessary "admission electrocardiograms (EKGs)" on admitted patients waiting ("boarding") in the emergency department (ED) are often ordered. We introduced evidence-based EKG ordering guidelines and determined changes in the percent of patients with "preadmission" and "admission" EKGs ordered before vs. after guideline introduction and which patient characteristics predicted EKG ordering. Methods In 2016, our ED, cardiology, and hospitalist services implemented EKG ordering guidelines to reduce unnecessary ED EKGs ordered after disposition. We compared pre- vs. post-guideline EKG ordering to determine whether guidelines were associated with changes in "preadmission" or "admission EKG" ordering. Patients with an admission diagnosis unrelated to cardiac or pulmonary systems were included. An EKG was "admission" if the order time was after disposition time. The numerator was the number of "admission EKGs" ordered; the denominator was the total number of such admissions; those with "preadmission EKGs" were excluded from this analysis. Variables that might influence EKG ordering were explored. The chi-square test with Bonferroni adjustment was used to compare 2015 vs. 2016 percentages of patients with an "admission EKG." Results There was a decrease in unwarranted "admission EKGs" among ED boarding patients (44.1% pre-implementation to 27.5% by two years post-implementation) and an increase in unwarranted "preadmission EKGs" (66.1% pre-implementation to 72.8% post-implementation). Age ≥40 and past medical history independently predicted EKG ordering. Discussion The decrease in the ordering of "admission EKGs" but "preadmission EKGs" suggests the decline reflects a true change in ordering and not a general environmental/ecologic decline in ordering. This highlights the importance of careful guideline development and implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Appold
- Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, USA
| | | | - Riaad Persaud
- Emergency Medicine, Northwell Health Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, USA
| | - Rachel Moss
- Emergency Medicine, Northwell Health Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, USA
| | | | - Sean P LaVine
- Internal Medicine, Northwell Health Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, USA
| | - Rohan Bhansali
- Cardiology, Northwell Health Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, USA
| | - Seungjun Ahn
- Biostatistics Unit, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Mark Richman
- Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, USA
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Lee E, Chung H, Lee Y, Lee EJ, Park Y, Kim Y, Park J, Ahn S, Kim J, Ahn K, Park K, Son W, Yeom D, Jung J, Won J, Oh S. 544P A novel HER2/4-1BB bispecific antibody, YH32367 (ABL105) exerts significant anti-tumor effects through tumor-directed T cell activation. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Ahn S, Grimes T, Datta S. The Analysis of Gene Expression Data Incorporating Tumor Purity Information. Front Genet 2021; 12:642759. [PMID: 34497631 PMCID: PMC8419469 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.642759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is composed of tumor cells, stroma cells, immune cells, blood vessels, and other associated non-cancerous cells. Gene expression measurements on tumor samples are an average over cells in the microenvironment. However, research questions often seek answers about tumor cells rather than the surrounding non-tumor tissue. Previous studies have suggested that the tumor purity (TP)-the proportion of tumor cells in a solid tumor sample-has a confounding effect on differential expression (DE) analysis of high vs. low survival groups. We investigate three ways incorporating the TP information in the two statistical methods used for analyzing gene expression data, namely, differential network (DN) analysis and DE analysis. Analysis 1 ignores the TP information completely, Analysis 2 uses a truncated sample by removing the low TP samples, and Analysis 3 uses TP as a covariate in the underlying statistical models. We use three gene expression data sets related to three different cancers from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) for our investigation. The networks from Analysis 2 have greater amount of differential connectivity in the two networks than that from Analysis 1 in all three cancer datasets. Similarly, Analysis 1 identified more differentially expressed genes than Analysis 2. Results of DN and DE analyses using Analysis 3 were mostly consistent with those of Analysis 1 across three cancers. However, Analysis 3 identified additional cancer-related genes in both DN and DE analyses. Our findings suggest that using TP as a covariate in a linear model is appropriate for DE analysis, but a more robust model is needed for DN analysis. However, because true DN or DE patterns are not known for the empirical datasets, simulated datasets can be used to study the statistical properties of these methods in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Somnath Datta
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Zhu D, Wong A, Oh EJ, Ahn S, Wotman M, Sahai T, Bottalico D, Frank D, Tham T. Impact of Treatment Parameters on Racial Survival Differences in Oropharyngeal Cancer: National Cancer Database Study. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021; 166:1134-1143. [PMID: 34399637 DOI: 10.1177/01945998211035056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate how differences in treatment parameters account for survival differences between races of patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING National Cancer Database. METHODS Data of patients with OPSCC undergoing radiation therapy (RT) or concurrent chemoradiation therapy as primary treatment were obtained from the National Cancer Database from 2004 to 2016. We analyzed 4 treatment-related time intervals to determine their impact on survival between races when controlling for human papilloma virus (HPV) status. Cox proportional hazards models, stepwise logistic regressions, covariate adjustments, and propensity score matching were performed. RESULTS A total of 3152 patients were identified (2877 White, 275 Black). In HPV- cases, Black patients with prolonged radiation duration had a significantly worse overall survival as compared with White patients (hazard ratio, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.03-3.05; P = .039). In a logistic regression model, the only covariate that was significantly associated with prolonged RT was facility type. When further adjusted for facility type, the survival difference between Black and White patients with HPV- status and prolonged RT times was no longer significant (hazard ratio, 1.55; 95% CI, 0.90-2.69; P = .116). CONCLUSIONS There is a significant disparity in overall survival between Black and White patients with HPV- OPSCC when RT duration is prolonged. Clinicians should be aware of the negative impact of prolonged RT, especially in Black patients, so that they can attempt to decrease treatment-related time intervals. Facility type was also found to affect the outcomes of patients with OPSCC, and efforts should be made to improve patient access to well-equipped, high-volume facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Zhu
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | - Amanda Wong
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | - Eun Jeong Oh
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Seungjun Ahn
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Michael Wotman
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tanmay Sahai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Danielle Bottalico
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Douglas Frank
- Department of Otolaryngology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | - Tristan Tham
- Department of Otolaryngology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
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KIM D, Wu H, Kim J, Ahn S, Chung E, Eom K, Jung Y, Jeong W, Kwon T, Kim S, Wee C. PO-0986 Radiotherapy versus Surgery in Early Stage HPV-positive Oropharyngeal Cancer. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07437-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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An SJ, Lee EJ, Jeong SH, Hong YP, Ahn S, Yang YJ. Perinatal exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate induces hepatic lipid accumulation mediated by diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:1698-1709. [PMID: 33832334 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211003314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a commonly used plasticizer in consumer products and medical devices. It is also suspected to exacerbate the development of fatty liver. However, the mechanisms underlying excessive lipid synthesis and its deposition in the liver are yet to be identified. This study was aimed to evaluate the molecular mechanisms of hepatic lipid accumulation in adult male offspring after perinatal exposure to DEHP. METHOD Corn oil and DEHP (0.75 mg/kg/day) were administered once per day to dam from gestation day 6 to postnatal day (PND) 21 by oral gavage. After the weaning period, DEHP treated male pups were categorized into early life stage- and lifelong period group. Male rats both control and early life stage group administered corn oil, and lifelong period group administered DEHP from PND 22 to 70. Histological examination and triglyceride (TG) levels in the liver were analyzed. Expressions of transcription factors associated with lipid accumulation in the liver were analyzed. RESULTS Both early life stage- and lifelong period group, hepatic TG levels, and mRNA and protein expression of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) were significantly higher than control (TG: all p < 0.05, mRNA & protein: p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). The average body weight from PND 35 to 63, and mRNA and protein expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c in lifelong period group were significantly lower than control (all p < 0.05); however, alanine transaminase were significantly higher than control (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Perinatal exposure to DEHP may induce the hepatic lipid accumulation through up-regulation of DGAT1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J An
- Department of Neurology, Catholic Kwandong University International St Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,These authors are equally contributed to this work
| | - E J Lee
- Institute for Catholic Integrative Medicine, Incheon St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,These authors are equally contributed to this work
| | - S-H Jeong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University International St Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Y-P Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Ahn
- Department of Pathology, Catholic Kwandong University International St Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Y-J Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Catholic Kwandong University International St Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Moss R, Craige EK, Levine B, Mittal M, Ahn S, Appold B, Richman M. Influence of Framing: Recruitment to a Diabetes Disease Management Program From an Emergency Department Improves Enrollment and Outcomes. Cureus 2021; 13:e14116. [PMID: 33907649 PMCID: PMC8068469 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.14116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Disease management programs (DMPs) provide education, self-management skills, care coordination, and frequent clinical assessment and medication adjustment. Our health system's diabetes mellitus (DM) DMP recruited patients from an emergency department (ED) and outpatient settings (primary care physicians' [PCP] and endocrinologists' offices; cold calling patients with poorly-controlled diabetes). We investigated whether recruitment to a DMP from an ED is feasible and effective, hypothesizing such patients would have better enrollment rates, future A1c control, and ED utilization because their receptiveness to change was "framed" by their ED visit. "Framing" is the notion that the same problem presented using a different context impacts response to the information. Being told in an acute-care ED setting one has newly-diagnosed or poorly-controlled DM, or DM-related complications may influence desire/commitment to enroll in the DMP and make lifestyle/medication changes. That is, acute illness or acute setting may influence/"frame" willingness to enroll and improve glycemic control. Methods We captured all DMP recruitees' demographic, medical, insurance, A1c, and recruitment venue characteristics and evaluated future enrollment rates, A1c, and ED utilization from any ED in our health system. We analyzed pre- vs. post-recruitment changes in A1c and ED visit rates, comparing patients recruited from the ED who enrolled, patients recruited from the ED who did not enroll, patients recruited from outpatient settings who enrolled, and patients recruited from outpatient settings who did not enroll. Continuous enrollment predictor and outcome variables were compared using the Mann-Whitney test; categorical outcome variables were compared using Fisher's exact test. Results There were no statistically significant differences in characteristics (including mean baseline A1c [~11.4%]) among patients recruited from the ED, clinics, or cold calling. Twenty-five percent of all ED-recruited patients enrolled vs. 35% from outpatient settings. When a recruiter familiar with the DMP was in the ED, 41% of ED patients enrolled vs. 12% at other times (p=0.0001). Nearly 84% of ED visits were for direct DM-related causes (eg, diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state) or complications with a well-established link to diabetes (eg, acute coronary syndrome, stroke, wound infection); there was no statistically-significant difference in enrollment rates between patients whose ED visit was vs. was not for a DM-related complaint (53.8% vs. 60.0%, p=0.8018). No other variables, including whether the patient had newly diagnosed DM, were associated with enrollment. Enrollees with worse baseline glycemic control (A1c ≥11%) had a greater median A1c decrease (3.5% vs. 1.9%) vs. those with less-poor baseline glycemic control (A1c <11%) or those declining the program (p=0.05). Post-recruitment ED visits-per-patient-per-month decreased among patients recruited from the ED (-0.08), but not among those recruited from outpatient settings. (+0.08), p<0.0001). Conclusion ED recruitment to a diabetes DMP is feasible and effective. An ED-based diabetes DMP recruiter had enrollment rates substantially greater than a cold-calling DMP recruiter, comparable to enrollment rates from PCPs and endocrinologists, suggesting the importance of the recruitment framing/context. ED-recruited patients achieved substantial improvements in A1c and future ED visit rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Moss
- Emergency Medicine, Northwell Health Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, USA
| | - Emma K Craige
- Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Williamsburg, USA
| | | | - Mona Mittal
- Preventive Medicine, Northwell Health Solutions, Great Neck, USA
| | - Seungjun Ahn
- Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Brendan Appold
- Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Mark Richman
- Emergency Medicine, Northwell Health Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, USA
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Ong WJ, Brown EF, Browne J, Ahn S, Childers K, Crider BP, Dombos AC, Gupta SS, Hitt GW, Langer C, Lewis R, Liddick SN, Lyons S, Meisel Z, Möller P, Montes F, Naqvi F, Pereira J, Prokop C, Richman D, Schatz H, Schmidt K, Spyrou A. β Decay of ^{61}V and its Role in Cooling Accreted Neutron Star Crusts. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:262701. [PMID: 33449748 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.262701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The interpretation of observations of cooling neutron star crusts in quasipersistent x-ray transients is affected by predictions of the strength of neutrino cooling via crust Urca processes. The strength of crust Urca neutrino cooling depends sensitively on the electron-capture and β-decay ground-state-to-ground-state transition strengths of neutron-rich rare isotopes. Nuclei with a mass number of A=61 are predicted to be among the most abundant in accreted crusts, and the last remaining experimentally undetermined ground-state-to-ground-state transition strength was the β decay of ^{61}V. This Letter reports the first experimental determination of this transition strength, a ground-state branching of 8.1_{-3.1}^{+4.0}%, corresponding to a log ft value of 5.5_{-0.2}^{+0.2}. This result was achieved through the measurement of the β-delayed γ rays using the total absorption spectrometer SuN and the measurement of the β-delayed neutron branch using the neutron long counter system NERO at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory at Michigan State University. This method helps to mitigate the impact of the pandemonium effect in extremely neutron-rich nuclei on experimental results. The result implies that A=61 nuclei do not provide the strongest cooling in accreted neutron star crusts as expected by some predictions, but that their cooling is still larger compared to most other mass numbers. Only nuclei with mass numbers 31, 33, and 55 are predicted to be cooling more strongly. However, the theoretical predictions for the transition strengths of these nuclei are not consistently accurate enough to draw conclusions on crust cooling. With the experimental approach developed in this work, all relevant transitions are within reach to be studied in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- W-J Ong
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - E F Brown
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics-Center for the Evolution of the Elements, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Computational Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J Browne
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S Ahn
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics-Center for the Evolution of the Elements, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Cylotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - K Childers
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - B P Crider
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - A C Dombos
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics-Center for the Evolution of the Elements, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S S Gupta
- Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Nangal Road, Rupnagar (Ropar), Punjab 140 001, India
| | - G W Hitt
- Department of Physics and Engineering Science, Coastal Carolina University, Conway, South Carolina 29528, USA
| | - C Langer
- Institute for Applied Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt a. M., Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - R Lewis
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S N Liddick
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S Lyons
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics-Center for the Evolution of the Elements, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Z Meisel
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics-Center for the Evolution of the Elements, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio Univeristy, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - P Möller
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics-Center for the Evolution of the Elements, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - F Montes
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics-Center for the Evolution of the Elements, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - F Naqvi
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics-Center for the Evolution of the Elements, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics & Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - J Pereira
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics-Center for the Evolution of the Elements, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - C Prokop
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - D Richman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - H Schatz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics-Center for the Evolution of the Elements, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - K Schmidt
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics-Center for the Evolution of the Elements, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A Spyrou
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics-Center for the Evolution of the Elements, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
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Park S, Choi J, Ahn S, Park H. Dosimetric Analysis of the Effects of a Temporary Tissue Expander on the Radiotherapy Technique. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Arslan M, Li H, Lee H, Mikula M, Ahn S. Calretinin-Positive Mucosal Innervation (C-mi) as a Potential Biomarker to Predict Fibrosis in Crohn’s Disease (CD): A Pilot Study. Am J Clin Pathol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/Objective
There is no reliable biomarker to predict the degree of fibrosis in CD. Quantification of C-mi has been used as a surrogate for enteric neural structures in Hirschsprung disease. The quantity of C-mi at the proximal margin may correlate with the degree of fibrosis in resected CD.
Methods
Ileocolonic resection cases for 20 CD and 3 trauma (control) were retrieved. Cases with severe mucosal inflammation at the margins were excluded. The proximal and distal margin sections were subjected to calretinin immunohistochemistry. Random mucosal images were captured from scanned slides (x200, JPEG), submucosa was edited out, and C-mi was calculated by image processing and analysis. rC-mi was defined as the mean C-mi of proximal margin normalized by that of distal margin. Cases with rC-mi less than the mean rC-mi + 2 SD of the controls were excluded. The maximum thicknesses of submucosa and muscularis propria were measured at the most stenotic site, microscopically. Pearson’s correlation test and Student’s t-test were performed to correlate the parameters and compare the means, respectively.
Results
A total of 216 images were captured (mean 9.3 images per case; range 7 to 10). The mean rC-mi of CD (1.26) was greater than the controls (mean 0.43) (p<0.05). The mean rC-mi + 2 SD of the control group was 0.91, thus 2 CD cases were excluded from final analysis. The rC-mi of CD showed an inverse relationship with maximum submucosal thickness (mean 3.4 mm, range 0.2 to 5.9) at the site of stenosis (r=-0.47; p<0.05), but not with muscularis propria.
Conclusion
The rC-mi of CD was inversely correlated with submucosal fibrosis. Altered stromal integrity, impaired intercellular signaling, progressive reduction and loss of telocytes induced by submucosal fibrosis may reduce the regenerative capacity of enteric neural structures in CD. Therefore, a decreasing trend in rC-mi may predict fibrosis progression in CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arslan
- Pathology and Laboratory medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York, UNITED STATES
| | - H Li
- Pathology and Laboratory medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York, UNITED STATES
| | - H Lee
- Pathology and Laboratory medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York, UNITED STATES
| | - M Mikula
- Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, UNITED STATES
| | - S Ahn
- GE Global Research, Niskayuna, New York, UNITED STATES
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Hemli JM, Scheinerman SJ, Lesser ML, Ahn S, Mihelis EA, Jahn LA, Patel NC, Brinster DR. Transfusion in Elective Aortic Root Replacement: Analysis of the STS Adult Cardiac Surgery Database. Ann Thorac Surg 2020; 110:1225-1233. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Lee S, Ahn S, Choi J, Ko BR, Semertzidis YK. Axion Dark Matter Search around 6.7 μeV. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:101802. [PMID: 32216429 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.101802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An axion dark matter search with the CAPP-8TB haloscope is reported. Our results are sensitive to axion-photon coupling g_{aγγ} down to the QCD axion band over the axion mass range between 6.62 and 6.82 μeV at a 90% confidence level, which is the most sensitive result in the mass range to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lee
- Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34051, Republic of Korea
| | - S Ahn
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - J Choi
- Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34051, Republic of Korea
| | - B R Ko
- Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34051, Republic of Korea
| | - Y K Semertzidis
- Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34051, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Mitsuyama R, Reinert S, Ahn S. 3:18 PM Abstract No. 366 Imaging features and clinical factors as predictors of endovascular therapy and outcomes in rectus sheath hematoma. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Son J, Carr C, Chambers LM, Michener C, Meng Y, Yen T, Beavis A, Stone R, Wethington S, Burkett W, Richardson D, Staley AS, Ahn S, Gehrig P, Torres D, Dowdy S, Sullivan M, Modesitt S, Watson C, Secord A, Veade A, Havrilesky L, Loreen A, Griffin K, Jackson A, Fader AN, Ricci S. Adjuvant treatment in high intermediate risk early stage endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Sinha I, Aluthge D, Ahn S. 3:45 PM Abstract No. 132 Machine learning may assist in the selection of candidates for outpatient liver ablation. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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46
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Sinha I, Aluthge D, Ahn S. 3:27 PM Abstract No. 55 Predicting mortality following transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: a machine learning approach. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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47
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Rauschert L, Purkayastha S, Zhao Y, Xi I, Wang R, Khurana S, McGirr A, Soulen M, Zhang Z, Silva A, Stavropoulos S, Ahn S, Bai H. 3:18 PM Abstract No. 292 Differentiation of malignant and benign renal tumors using magnetic resonance–based radiomics. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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48
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Park L, Dibble E, Baird G, George P, Ahn S. 4:12 PM Abstract No. 216 What medical students know (or think they know) about interventional radiology. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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49
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Choi M, Ahn S, Seo J. VR-Based investigation of forklift operator situation awareness for preventing collision accidents. Accid Anal Prev 2020; 136:105404. [PMID: 31927452 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2019.105404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Forklifts are among the machines involved with the highest levels of occupational fatalities. As many accidents involved with a forklift can be attributed to the low situation awareness (SA) of the operator, it is essential to understand the factors influencing a forklift operator's SA for reducing forklift accidents, especially of collision type. Against this background, this research aims to investigate how a forklift operator's SA about other people around can be influenced by the type of subtasks they are carrying out. In this research, a virtual reality (VR) environment is used as the experiment environment, in which subjects perform a series of subtasks, such as driving, turning, reversing, loading and unloading, with a VR forklift simulation model. A SAGAT-an established SA measurement technique based on a series of queries targeting Level 1, 2, and 3 SA-is used as the main method to collect data about subjects' SA in the experiment. The analysis of the data reveals that a forklift operator is likely to have a reduced SA about the workers around when he/she is performing a loading or unloading task due to attention narrowing, which occurs when a person concentrates on a cognitively demanding task. The findings provide insights into how forklift operator SA could be improved through an SA-oriented safety training program and also how sensing technologies might assist forklift operators with maintaining a good SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Choi
- Seoul Institute of Technology, Maebongsan-ro 37, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 03909, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seungjun Ahn
- School of Natural and Built Environments, University of South Australia, City East Campus, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - JoonOh Seo
- Department of Building and Real Estate, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Rd., Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Park L, Dibble E, Baird G, George P, Ahn S. 3:09 PM Abstract No. 209 Diversity in interventional radiology: motivations and deterrents to interventional radiology among female and underrepresented minority medical students. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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