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Salaramoli S, Joshaghani HR, Hosseini M, Hashemy SI. Therapeutic Effects of Selenium on Alpha-Synuclein Accumulation in Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease: Behavioral and Biochemical Outcomes. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:1115-1125. [PMID: 37386228 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03748-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of accumulated alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) in substantia nigra. Research has shown that selenium (Se) can protect neural cells through the actions of selenoproteins, including selenoprotein P (SelP) and selenoprotein S (SelS), which participate in endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation (ERAD). In this study, we investigated the potential protective role of Se in a pre-clinical PD rat model.We aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of Se administration in the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) induced unilateral rat PD model. Male Wistar rats were utilised for unilateral PD animal model which were subjected to stereotaxic surgery and injected with 20 μg 6-OHDA/5 μl 0.2% ascorbate saline. After confirming the model, the rats were intraperitoneally injected with 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mg/kg of sodium selenite for 7 days. We then performed behavioral tests, including apomorphine-induced rotation, hanging, and rotarod tests. Following sacrifice, we analysed the substantia nigra area of the brain and serum for protein quantification, element analysis, and gene expression analysis.Our results indicate that the administration of 0.3 mg/kg of Se improved the motor deficiency in hanging, rotarod, and apomorphine-induced rotational tests. While there was no significant improvement in the expression of α-Syn, Se increased the expression of selenoproteins. Additionally, levels of selenoproteins, Se, and α-Syn both brain and serum were re-established by the treatment, suggesting the role of Se on the α-Syn accumulation. Furthermore, Se improved PD-induced biochemical deficits by increasing the levels of SelS and SelP (p<0.005).In conclusion, our findings suggest that Se may have a protective role in PD. 0.3 mg/kg dosage of Se increased the expression of selenoproteins, reduced the accumulation of α-Syn in the brain, and improved PD-induced motor deficits. These results suggest that Se may be a potential therapeutic option for PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Salaramoli
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Joshaghani
- Laboratory Sciences Research Centre, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hosseini
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Surgical Oncology Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Khorramdel M, Ghadikolaii FP, Hashemy SI, Javid H, Tabrizi MH. Nanoformulated meloxicam and rifampin: inhibiting quorum sensing and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2024; 19:615-632. [PMID: 38348578 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: We aimed to investigate the simultaneous effects of meloxicam and rifampin nanoformulations with solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) substrates on inhibiting the quorum-sensing system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and preventing biofilm formation by this bacterium. Methods: Antimicrobial activity of rifampin and meloxicam encapsulated with SLNs and NLCs against P. aeruginosa PAO1 was assessed by disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Results: The SLN formulation was associated with lower doses for the MIC and minimum bactericidal concentration in comparison to NLC. Moreover, our results demonstrated that both nanoformulations were able to produce 100% inhibition of the biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa PAO1. Conclusion: All these findings suggest that meloxicam and rifampin encapsulated with SLNs could be the most effective formulation against P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Khorramdel
- Department of Microbiology, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Javid
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Alalikhan A, Ebrahimi S, Aliee A, Mirzavi F, Hashemy SI. The combined anti-tumor effects of 5-fluorouracil and neurokinin receptor inhibitor, aprepitant, against colorectal cancer: In vitro and in vivo study. Med Oncol 2024; 41:70. [PMID: 38340190 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02312-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the world's largest health concerns with growing global incidence and mortality. The potential value of the neurokinin-1 receptor as a therapeutic target has been reported in several tumor types, including CRC. Here we examined the potential anti-tumor effects of a clinically approved neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist, aprepitant, alone and its combination with 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) as a first choice CRC chemotherapeutic drug, in both in vitro and in vivo models of CRC. METHODS MTT assay was employed for assessing cell proliferation. mRNA expression levels were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Flow cytometric analysis of apoptosis was performed using an Annexin-V/propidium iodide assay kit. We finally conducted an in vivo experiment in a mouse model of CRC to confirm the in vitro antiproliferative activity of aprepitant and 5-FU. RESULTS We found that aprepitant and 5-FU significantly reduced CRC cell viability. The combination of drugs exhibited potent synergistic growth inhibitory effects on CRC cells. Moreover, aprepitant and 5-FU induced apoptosis and altered the levels of apoptotic genes (up-regulation of Bax, and p53 along with downregulation of Bcl-2). Importantly, the aprepitant and 5-FU combination showed a more pronounced impact on apoptosis and associated genes than either of the agents alone. Furthermore, aprepitant reduced tumor growth in vivo and led to significantly longer survival time, and this effect was more prominent when using the aprepitant and 5-FU combination. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, combinatory treatment with aprepitant and 5-FU potentially exerts synergistic growth inhibition and apoptosis induction in CRC, deserving further consideration as a novel strategy for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Alalikhan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Safieh Ebrahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Aliee
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini and Mohammad Kermanshahi and Farabi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farshad Mirzavi
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Zarei Shandiz S, Assaran Darban R, Javid H, Ghahremanloo A, Hashemy SI. The effect of SP/NK1R on expression and activity of glutaredoxin and thioredoxin proteins in prostate cancer cells. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-02996-x. [PMID: 38334824 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-02996-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Substance P (SP), an important neuropeptide, has a crucial role in the progression of several cancers, including prostate cancer, through interacting with the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R). Oxidative stress is also involved in the onset and progression of prostate cancer. However, no studies have been performed on the cross-talk between the SP/NK1R system and cellular redox balance in prostate cancer, and how it is involved in tumorogenesis. We aimed to investigate the effect of the SP/NK1R system and the blockage of NK1R with its specific antagonist (aprepitant) on the cellular redox status of the prostate cancer cell line (PC3 and LNCaP). We performed the resazurin assay to evaluate the toxicity of the aprepitant on the PC3 and LNCaP cell lines. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was measured after SP and aprepitant treatment. The alterations of expression and activity of two crucial cellular oxidoreductases, glutaredoxin, and thioredoxin were evaluated by qRT-PCR and commercial kits (ZellBio GmbH), respectively. Our results revealed that SP increased ROS production and decreased the expression and activity of glutaredoxin and thioredoxin. On the other hand, treatment of cells with aprepitant showed reverse results. In conclusion, we found that the SP/NK1R system could promote prostate cancer progression by inducing oxidative stress. In addition, the inhibition of NK1R by aprepitant modulated the effect of the SP/NK1R system on the cellular redox system. Aprepitant might therefore be introduced as a candidate for the treatment of prostate cancer; however, more studies are required to confirm the validation of this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Zarei Shandiz
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Assaran Darban
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Hossein Javid
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Atefeh Ghahremanloo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Amiri H, Javid H, Hashemi SF, Reihani A, Esparham A, Hashemy SI. The protective effects of hesperidin as an antioxidant against quinolinic acid-induced toxicity on oligodendroglia cells: An in vitro study. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2024; 82:105401. [PMID: 38154346 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.105401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex central nervous system disorder, marked by neurodegenerative and inflammatory processes, where overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a key factor in demyelination and neurodegeneration. The current study aims to investigate the effect of hesperidin and Quinolinic acid (QA) on ROS and antioxidant levels, and cell viability of OLN-93 cells. METHODS OLN-93 cell lines were treated with hesperidin and QA. OLN-93 cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium under controlled conditions. Cell viability assays were performed using resazurin to assess the toxicity of hesperidin and QA. Additionally, ROS levels were measured using DCFDA, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined to evaluate oxidative stress. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and cell viability were assessed by trypan blue staining after exposure to hesperidin and QA. RESULTS The results of the current study showed that co-administration of 8 mM QA with 50, 100, and 200 μM hesperidin significantly reduced both ROS and MDA levels, demonstrating a substantial attenuation in comparison to the elevated ROS and MDA levels induced by 8 mM QA (p-value < 0.01). Furthermore, 8 mM QA + 50, 100, and 200 μM hesperidin significantly increased SOD levels compared with QA alone (p-value < 0.01). In addition, treatment of OLN cells with 8 mM QA + 50, 100, and 200 μM hesperidin led to higher cell viability compared to QA alone (p value <0.0001). CONCLUSION The current study demonstrated the antioxidant effect of hesperidin on OLN-93 cells suggesting new insights into the clinical application of hesperidin as an effective treatment for patients with MS. Future in vivo studies, focusing on cellular mechanisms are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Amiri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Javid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Fatemeh Hashemi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirali Reihani
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Esparham
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Soltani A, Hashemy SI. Homology modeling, virtual screening, molecular docking, and ADME approaches to identify a potent agent targeting NK2R protein. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2024; 71:213-222. [PMID: 37904319 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Neurokinin/tachykinin receptors are classified as the G-protein coupled receptor superfamily. The neurokinin 2 receptor (NK2R) is widely expressed in different tissues. NK2R is associated with a range of biological events, such as inflammation, smooth muscle contraction, intestinal motor functions, and asthma. Despite these diverse activities, no approved drugs targeting NK2R have been developed yet. Our study focuses on finding potential inhibitors for NK2R using virtual screening, molecular docking, and ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) approaches. We used a homology modeling approach and AlphaFold DB to obtain the three-dimensional structure of mouse and human NK2R proteins, respectively. The homology model of NK2R was predicted using MODELLER v10.3 and further refined and validated using the 3Drefine tool and RAMPAGE server, respectively. Molecular docking was performed using a library of 910 structurally similar molecules to four NK1R antagonists: aprepitant, casopitant, fosaprepitant, and rolapitant. Molecular docking revealed six small molecules that displayed high Chemscore fitness scores, and binding energies with desirable ligand-NK2R interactions. The evaluation of the in silico ADME profile, solubility, and permeability of the ligand molecules has revealed that the small molecules are potentially nontoxic and have the chance of exhibiting biological activity after oral administration. Further experimental studies (in vitro and in vivo assays) are required to evaluate the effectiveness of these inhibitors as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Soltani
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Salaramoli S, Joshaghani HR, Shoeibi A, Hashemy SI. Selenium and selenoproteins role in Parkinson's disease: Is there a link between selenoproteins and accumulated alpha-synuclein? J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 81:127344. [PMID: 37995510 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While Parkinson's disease (PD) etiology is not clear yet, accumulated alpha-synuclein is proposed to induce neurodegeneration. Selenium (Se) and its functional proteins play a key role in aggregation of misfolded proteins. However, their implications in neurodegenerative process are unclear. AIM Diagnosing Se and selenoprotein P (SelP), selenoprotein S (SelS) proportions in serum of PD patients to compare with healthy controls, whether the changes in their concentration could be a biomarker for PD. METHODS Se concentration was investigated in 30 PD patients and 30 controls using atomic absorption spectrometry. Also, alpha-Synuclein, SelP, and SelS levels were evaluated by ELISA. The parameters were compared in PD patients and controls. Also, the variations within the case group according to their age, disorder stage, and drug administration were evaluated. RESULTS PD subjects had higher Se concentration. The mean SelP in PD patients was lower from controls, whilst SelS levels were higher. Also, the concentration of alpha-synuclein was higher in PD patients. However, age, stage (except UPDRS III), and disorder duration had no influence on the Se and selenoproteins level, whilst there was a direct association between alpha-synuclein levels and disorder stage. Also, alpha-synuclein proportions in subjects using levodopa was significantly higher. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that serum levels of Se and SelP could be a biomarker or risk factor for PD. Although SelS interferes to reduce aggregated proteins, its pathway in PD is not clearly understood. Future studies could focus on how SelS can reduce on alpha-synuclein aggregation. Thus, other studies should be performed on this issue to induce the selenoproteins in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Salaramoli
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Joshaghani
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ali Shoeibi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Parkinson and Other Movement Disorders Center, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Jalili-Nik M, Soltani A, Hashemy SI, Rafatpanah H, Rezaee SA, Gorji A, Griffith R, Mashkani B. Development of Potential Inhibitors for Human T-lymphotropic Virus Type I Integrase Enzyme: A Molecular Modeling Approach. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2024; 20:72-86. [PMID: 37114780 DOI: 10.2174/1573409919666230419082839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Integration of viral DNA into the host cell genome, carried out by the HTLV-1 integrase enzyme, is a crucial step in the Human T-lymphotropic Virus type I (HTLV-1) life cycle. Thus, HTLV-1 integrase is considered an attractive therapeutic target; however, no clinically effective inhibitors are available to treat HTLV-1 infection. OBJECTIVE The main objective was to identify potential drug-like compounds capable of effectively inhibiting HTLV-1 integrase activity. METHODS In this study, a model of HTLV-1 integrase structure and three integrase inhibitors (dolutegravir, raltegravir, and elvitegravir as scaffolds) were used for designing new inhibitors. Designed molecules were used as templates for virtual screening to retrieve new inhibitors from PubChem, ZINC15, and ChEMBL databases. Drug-likeness and docked energy of the molecules were investigated using the SWISS-ADME portal and GOLD software. Stability and binding energy of the complexes were further investigated using molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. RESULTS Four novel potential inhibitors were developed using a structure-based design protocol and three compounds from virtual screening. They formed hydrogen bonding interactions with critical residues Asp69, Asp12, Tyr96, Tyr143, Gln146, Ile13, and Glu105. In addition, π stacking, halogen, and hydrogen bond interactions were seen between compounds (especially halogenated benzyl moieties) and viral DNA similar to those seen in parent molecules. MD simulation confirmed higher stability of the receptor-ligand complex than the ligand-free enzyme. CONCLUSION Combing structure-based design and virtual screening resulted in identifying three drug-like molecules (PubChem CID_138739497, _70381610, and _140084032) that are suggested as lead compounds for developing effective drugs targeting HTLV-1 integrase enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jalili-Nik
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arash Soltani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Houshang Rafatpanah
- Department of Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Abdolrahim Rezaee
- Department of Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Gorji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Renate Griffith
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Baratali Mashkani
- Bioinformatics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Jafarinezhad S, Assaran Darban R, Javid H, Hashemy SI. The SP/NK1R system promotes the proliferation of breast cancer cells through NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023; 81:787-794. [PMID: 37740877 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01171-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous molecules have been introduced to participate in the formation of breast cancer, the most common malignancy in women. Among them, neuropeptide substance P (SP) and its related receptor neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) have attracted unprecedented attention in tumorigenesis processes. In this study, we investigated the effect of the SP/NK1R pathway on the induction of oxidative stress in breast cancer and examine the therapeutic potential of NK1R inhibition in this malignancy. METHODS MCF-7 cells were treated with varying concentrations of SP and aprepitant, an FDA-approved NK1R antagonist, either as a single drug or in a combined modality. Resazurin assay was used to evaluate the anti-cancer ability of aprepitant. The alteration in the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and gene expression were determined using ROS assay and the qRT-PCR analysis, respectively. RESULTS The stimulation of the SP/NK1R axis in the MCF-7 cells was coupled with the accumulation of ROS as well as upregulation of NF-κB and its related pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-6. In contrast, the suppression of NK1R by aprepitant halted the viability of MCF-7 cells, at least partly due to p53-mediated upregulation of p21. Moreover, aprepitant attenuated the oncogenic properties of SP by preventing the oxidative property of this neuropeptide. CONCLUSION Overall, our results suggest that the SP/NK1R pathway might play a critical role in breast cancer pathogenesis, probably through inducing ROS/NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses. Moreover, it seems that blockage of the axis has promising therapeutic value against breast cancer cells. Schematic representation proposed for the plausible mechanism by which the stimulation of the SP/NK1R might induce oxidative stress in breast cancer-derived MCF-7 cells. Once SP interacts with NK1R, this signaling axis could disturb the balance between the expression of p53 and NF-κB, an event that leads to the accumulation of ROS within MCF-7 cells. The produced ROS, in turn, elevates the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) and downregulates the expression of p21. On the other hand, aprepitant, an antagonist of NK1R, could reduce the survival of proliferative capacity of MCF-7 cells by decreasing the intracellular levels of ROS and p53-mediated up-regulation of p21. Along with the effect on p53, aprepitant could also reduce the expression of NF-κB and its related pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samine Jafarinezhad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Assaran Darban
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Hossein Javid
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Ebrahimi S, Erfani B, Alalikhan A, Ghorbani H, Farzadnia M, Afshari AR, Mashkani B, Hashemy SI. The In Vitro Pro-inflammatory Functions of the SP/NK1R System in Prostate Cancer: a Focus on Nuclear Factor-Kappa B (NF-κB) and Its Pro-inflammatory Target Genes. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:7796-7807. [PMID: 37093533 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04495-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the main global health threats for men which is in close association with chronic inflammation. Neuropeptide substance P (SP), acting through neurokinin receptor (NK-1R), induces various pro-inflammatory responses which are strongly involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases as well as cancer. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the pro-inflammatory functions of the SP/NK1R complex in prostate cancer and the therapeutic effects of its inhibition by NK-1R antagonist, aprepitant, in vitro. MTT assay was conducted for the cytotoxicity assessment of aprepitant in prostate cancer cells. The protein expression levels were evaluated by Western blot assay. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was applied to measure mRNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Concurrently, the protein concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines were also analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We observed that SP increased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), while treatment with aprepitant reduced the effects of SP. We also indicated that SP increased the protein levels of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), as the main regulator of inflammatory processes, and also an NF-κB target gene, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in prostate cancer cells, while treatment with aprepitant reversed these effects. Taken together, our findings highlight the importance of the SP/NK1R system in the modulation of pro-inflammatory responses in prostate cancer cells and suggest that aprepitant may be developed as a novel anti-inflammatory agent for the management of cancer-associated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safieh Ebrahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bahareh Erfani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abbas Alalikhan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Ghorbani
- Kidney Transplantation Complication Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdi Farzadnia
- Department of Pathology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir R Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - BaratAli Mashkani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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11
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Akbari S, Assaran Darban R, Javid H, Esparham A, Hashemy SI. The anti-tumoral role of Hesperidin and Aprepitant on prostate cancer cells through redox modifications. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2023; 396:3559-3567. [PMID: 37249616 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02551-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second prevalent cancer in men. While the anti-cancer effect of Hesperidin and (Aprepitant) AP on prostate cancer cells is well documented, their combined effect and their mechanism of action are not fully investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the anti-cancer effects of Hesperidin and AP alone and in combination on prostate cancer cells. PC3 and LNCaP cell lines were treated with Hesperidin and AP alone and in combination. The Resazurin test was used for assessing cell viability. The ROS (reactive oxygen Species) level, P53, P21, Bcl-2, and Survivin gene expression were assessed. Also, a trypan blue assay was done. Hesperidin and AP reduced cell viability and increased apoptosis in PC3 and LNCaP cells. The ROS level reduced after treating the PC3 and LNCaP cells with AP with or without Hesperidin. P53 and P21 gene expression increased after treatment with Hesperidin with or without AP compared to the untreated group in the PC3 cell line. Bcl-2 and Survivin gene expression decreased with AP with or without Hesperidin in the PC3 and LNCaP cells. The current study showed the synergic anti-cancer effect of Hesperidin and AP in both PC3 and LNCaP cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Akbari
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Assaran Darban
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Javid
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Esparham
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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12
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Ghoreyshi N, Ghahremanloo A, Javid H, Homayouni Tabrizi M, Hashemy SI. Effect of folic acid-linked chitosan-coated PLGA-based curcumin nanoparticles on the redox system of glioblastoma cancer cells. Phytochem Anal 2023; 34:950-958. [PMID: 37463671 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oxidative stress is one of the carcinogenic mechanisms underlying the development of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a highly aggressive brain tumor type associated with poor prognosis. Curcumin is known to be an efficient antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer compound. However, its poor solubility in water, inappropriate pharmacokinetics, and low bioavailability limit its use as an antitumor drug. We prepared PLGA-based curcumin nanoparticles changed with folic acid and chitosan (curcumin-PLGA-CS-FA) and evaluated its effects on GBM tumor cells' redox status. METHODS The nanoprecipitation method was used to synthesize CU nanoparticles (CU-NPs). The size, morphology, and stability were characterized by DLS, SEM, and zeta potential analysis, respectively. The CU-NPs' toxic properties were studied by MTT assay and measuring the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations. The study was completed by measuring the gene expression levels and activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutaredoxin, and thioredoxin antioxidant enzymes. RESULTS The size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential of CU-NPs were 77.27 nm, 0.29, and -22.45 mV, respectively. The encapsulation efficiency was approximately 98%. Intracellular ROS and MDA levels decreased after CU-NP treatment. Meanwhile, the CU-NPs increased gene expression and activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutaredoxin, and thioredoxin antioxidant enzymes. CONCLUSION CU-NPs might be effective in the prevention and treatment of glioblastoma cancer by modulating the antioxidant-oxidant balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Ghoreyshi
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Medical Faculty, Shahrood Azad University, Shahrood, Iran
| | - Atefeh Ghahremanloo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Javid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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13
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Javid H, Amiri H, Hashemi SF, Reihani A, Esparham A, Hashemy SI. Sol-gel synthesis and cytotoxicity evaluation of selenium-doped cerium oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2023:10.1007/s00210-023-02823-9. [PMID: 37962586 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02823-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few years, ovarian cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer among women. Despite the widespread knowledge of its prevalence, the curative measures and survival rates for ovarian cancer have not improved significantly, making it a challenging condition. Nanotechnology has become increasingly prominent in the field of cancer treatment. Previous studies showed both cerium oxide nanoparticles (CONPs) and selenium (Se) had anti-cancer. Therefore, doping selenium into CONPs may exhibit a more significant anti-cancer effect on ovarian cancer cells. Cerium nitrate hexahydrate, sodium selenite, and gelatin were employed for the production of CONPs and Se-doped CONPs. The EDX, XRD, and TEM/PSA imaging were employed to investigate the structural characteristics and morphology of the synthesized Se-doped CONPs. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and TNF, IL-6, and IL-1B gene expression were evaluated after inoculating A2780 human epithelial ovarian carcinoma (HEOC) with Se-doped CONP. Statistical analysis was conducted using ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni's t-test for multiple group comparisons. Se-doped CONPs had IC50 of 113 and 49 PPM after 24 and 48 h, respectively. In addition, Se-doped CONPs with concentrations of 50 and 100 PPM significantly reduced to ROS levels in the HEOC cell line. Also, 50 and 100 PPM Se-doped CONPs lead to significantly reduced TNF, IL-6, and IL-1B gene expression compared to the control group in the HEOC cell line. Our study showed the potential anti-cancer effects of Se-doped CONPs on ovarian cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Javid
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamed Amiri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Fatemeh Hashemi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirali Reihani
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Esparham
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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14
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Ghavidel F, Hashemy SI, Aliari M, Rajabian A, Tabrizi MH, Atkin SL, Jamialahmadi T, Hosseini H, Sahebkar A. The Effects of Resveratrol Supplementation on the Metabolism of Lipids in Metabolic Disorders. Curr Med Chem 2023; 31:CMC-EPUB-135128. [PMID: 37828670 DOI: 10.2174/0109298673255218231005062112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are stored energy sources in animals, and disturbance of lipid metabolism is associated with metabolic disorders, including cardiovascular diseases, obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and diabetes. Modifying dysregulated lipid metabolism homeostasis can lead to enhanced therapeutic benefits, such as the use of statin therapy in cardiovascular disease. However, many natural compounds may have therapeutic utility to improve lipid metabolism. Resveratrol is a polyphenol extracted from dietary botanicals, including grapes and berries, which has been reported to affect many biological processes, including lipid metabolism. This review evaluates the effects of resveratrol on lipid metabolism dysregulation affecting atherosclerosis, diabetes, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In addition, it details the mechanisms by which resveratrol may improve lipid metabolism homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Ghavidel
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdeyeh Aliari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arezoo Rajabian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Stephen L Atkin
- School of Postgraduate Studies and Research, RCSI Medical University of Bahrain, Busaiteen, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- International UNESCO center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseini
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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15
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Hosseini H, Ghavidel F, Aliyari M, Hashemy SI, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Effect of Nigella sativa Intake on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2023; 25:CPB-EPUB-134821. [PMID: 37859312 DOI: 10.2174/0113892010266109230928000134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have shown that the intake of N. sativa has a beneficial effect on metabolic syndrome and related disorders. In this meta-analysis, our primary objective was to assess the impact of Nigella sativa consumption on inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers among individuals diagnosed with metabolic syndrome and its associated conditions. METHODS Our search was conducted on prominent online databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and EMBASE, utilizing relevant keywords until August 2023. RESULTS This meta-analysis was performed on 16 RCTs comprising 1033 participants. Our results showed that intake of nigella sativa significantly decreased CRP [SMD: -0.60; (95% CI: from -0.96 to -0.23); P = 0.00], TNF-α [SMD: -0.53; (95% CI: from -0.74 to -0.53); P = 0.00]; IL-6 [SMD: -0.54 ; (95% CI: from -1.01 to -0.07); P = 0.02], and MDA: [SMD: -1.28; (95% CI: from -2.11 to -0.46); P = 0.00] levels. In addition, SOD: [SMD: 1.35; (95% CI, from 0.77 to 1.93); P = 0.00] and TAC [SMD: 2.82; (95% CI, from 0.55 to 5.084); P = 0.01] levels significantly increased in the intervention group compared to the placebo group. CONCLUSION Our results showed that THE consumption of N. sativa could be associated with improved oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Hosseini
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farideh Ghavidel
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Aliyari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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16
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Ghavidel F, Shahri RM, Javid H, Rezagholinejad N, Hashemy SI. The Emerging Role of Heat Shock Proteins in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Review. Curr Med Chem 2023:CMC-EPUB-133867. [PMID: 37605397 DOI: 10.2174/0929867331666230821110418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Several investigations have revealed that nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), earlier known as lymphoepithelioma, originates from the nasopharynx epithelium (NPE). The global NPC incidence and mortality distribution reports have reported very high rates (more than 20-30 men per 100,000 men and 10 women per 100,000). Genetic background susceptibilities, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and their complex interaction are expressed as the pathophysiology. Also, radiotherapy of locoregional lesions is the main treatment for NPC because of the extremely radiosensitive feature of the non-keratinizing variety. On the other hand, surgical intervention might be used for recurrent situations, while simultaneous radiation and chemotherapy for advanced stages are preferable. Since specific disease symptoms do not appear early, biomarkers should be identified to facilitate diagnosis. As overexpression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) has been observed in various cancers, they can be a promising candidate biomarker for many malignancies. The purpose of this study was to peruse different pathogenic roles of a panel of HSPs, including their diagnostic, preventive, and remedial role in NPC, which may provide the basis for future discoveries of novel HSP-based biomarkers of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Ghavidel
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Razieh Moalef Shahri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Javid
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Salaramoli S, Amiri H, Joshaghani HR, Hosseini M, Hashemy SI. Bio-synthesized selenium nanoparticles ameliorate Brain oxidative stress in Parkinson disease rat models. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:2055-2064. [PMID: 37133801 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01222-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM Parkinson disease (PD) is a prevalent central nervous system degenerative condition that impacts elderly people. Recent clinical and experimental study findings have established oxidative stress as one of the main pathogeneses of PD. Selenium, a trace metals with antioxidant effects, might reverse the neurobehavioral impairments and oxidative stress in rats. Thus, the goal of this study was to ascertain if Selenium Nano Particles (SeNPs) are also effective to protect brain cells from oxidative stress or not. MAIN METHODS SeNPs were synthesized utilizing Ascorbic acid and chitosan as a reducing and stabilizing agent. Next, eight groups (N: 6) of male Wistar rats were randomly assigned and injected by different dosage (0.1, 0,2, and 0.3 mg/kg) of Se and SeNP. Finally, to ascertain the protective benefits of SeNP on PD rats, behavioral evaluation, clinical symptoms, antioxidant activity, and oxidant levels were examined. KEY FINDINGS According to the findings, PD rats' motor functions had developed by SeNP injection. Higher MDA levels and inhibited antioxidant activities (SOD, CAT, and GPX) in lesion group are highlighting the significant role of oxidative stress in dopaminergic neuron death and neurobehavioral abnormalities. SeNP also protect against oxidative stress as compared to the lesion group. The levels of MDA had greatly reduced while the activities of enzymes, TAC, and SeNP both had significantly increased. SIGNIFICANCE By enhancing antioxidant activity, administration of SeNP can reduce the hazardous consequences of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Salaramoli
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamed Amiri
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Joshaghani
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hosseini
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Salaramoli S, Joshaghani HR, Hashemy SI. Salivary Biomarkers: Noninvasive Ways for Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease. Neurol Res Int 2023; 2023:3555418. [PMID: 37434876 PMCID: PMC10332915 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3555418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Finding reliable biomarkers has a crucial role in Parkinson's disease (PD) assessments. Saliva is a bodily fluid, which might be used as a source of biomarkers for PD. Our article has reviewed several publications on salivary proteins in PD patients and their potential as biomarkers. We find out that α-Syn's proportion in oligomeric form is higher in PD patients' saliva, which is potent to use as a biomarker for PD. The salivary concentration of DJ-1 and alpha-amylase is lower in PD patients. Also, substance P level is more moderate in PD patients. Although salivary flow rate is decreased in PD patients, high levels of heme oxygenase and acetylcholinesterase might be used as noninvasive biomarkers. Salivary miRNAs (miR-153, miR-223, miR-874, and miR-145-3p) are novel diagnostic biomarkers that should be given more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Salaramoli
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Joshaghani
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Ebrahimi S, Mirzavi F, Hashemy SI, Khaleghi Ghadiri M, Stummer W, Gorji A. The in vitro anti-cancer synergy of neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist, aprepitant, and 5-aminolevulinic acid in glioblastoma. Biofactors 2023; 49:900-911. [PMID: 37092793 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant type of cerebral neoplasm in adults with a poor prognosis. Currently, combination therapy with different anti-cancer agents is at the forefront of GBM research. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the potential anti-cancer synergy of a clinically approved neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist, aprepitant, and 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), a prodrug that elicits fluorescent porphyrins in gliomas on U-87 human GBM cells. We found that aprepitant and 5-ALA effectively inhibited GBM cell viability. The combinatorial treatment of these drugs exerted potent synergistic growth inhibitory effects on GBM cells. Moreover, aprepitant and 5-ALA induced apoptosis and altered the levels of apoptotic genes (up-regulation of Bax and P53 along with downregulation of Bcl-2). Furthermore, aprepitant and 5-ALA increased the accumulation of protoporphyrin IX, a highly pro-apoptotic and fluorescent photosensitizer. Aprepitant and 5-ALA significantly inhibited GBM cell migration and reduced matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) activities. Importantly, all these effects were more prominent following aprepitant-5-ALA combination treatment than either drug alone. Collectively, the combination of aprepitant and 5-ALA leads to considerable synergistic anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anti-migratory effects on GBM cells and provides a firm basis for further evaluation of this combination as a novel therapeutic approach for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safieh Ebrahimi
- Epilepsy Research Center, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farshad Mirzavi
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Walter Stummer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany
| | - Ali Gorji
- Epilepsy Research Center, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Pakfetrat A, Delavarian Z, Mohebbi M, Hashemy SI, Dalirsani Z, Ghazi A, Esmaily H, Hasani S, Salari S. Correlation of glycemic control with salivary oxidative markers in subjects with prediabetes and diabetes: A cross-sectional study. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2023; 22:267-274. [PMID: 37255801 PMCID: PMC10225372 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-01127-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Background and aims Rising levels of oxidative stress play an important role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to some assess salivary antioxidants in patients with type 2 diabetes, prediabetes, and healthy control. We also assessed the potential clinical relevance of salivary antioxidants with glycemic control. Methods This cross-sectional study included 30 prediabetes, 31 type 2 diabetes, and 39 sex-matched normoglycemic individuals. To assess the salivary oxidative status, we measured the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and uric acid (UA) by spectrophotometry. Results Salivary MDA levels were significantly higher in individuals with diabetes compared to prediabetes, and control groups (p = 0.001). MDA and SOD were significantly correlated with fasting blood sugar (FBS) and HbA1C (p < 0.001, r = 0.43, p < 0.001, r = 0.34, and p = 0.003, r = 0.29 p = 0.01, r = 0.23 respectively). Salivary TAC was also significantly correlated with FBS (p = 0.02, r = 0.23). Furthermore, salivary MDA was an independent determinant of type 2 diabetic patients compared to healthy subjects (p = 0.04). According to the cutoff point in the ROC curve, the MDA index was below 2.8 in 82.1% of the controls (specificity), and it was above 2.8 in 64.2% of the Individuals with diabetes (sensitivity). Conclusion The simultaneous assessment of salivary oxidative and antioxidant factors, revealed weak but a significant positive association between MDA and glycemic status in diabetes. However, further investigations are required to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atessa Pakfetrat
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Delavarian
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Masoud Mohebbi
- Metabolic syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Surgical Oncology Reserarch Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zohreh Dalirsani
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ala Ghazi
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Habibollah Esmaily
- Department of Epidemiology& Biostatistics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Solmaz Hasani
- Metabolic syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Samaneh Salari
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
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Hashemy SI, Taheri AR, Behnamfard M, Teimoorian M, Sabourirad S. Evaluation of Serum Protein Carbonyl Levels and Total Antioxidant Capacity in Patients With Basal Cell Carcinoma. ACTA 2023. [DOI: 10.18502/acta.v60i12.11835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Article Abstract is not available.
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Dalirsani Z, Amirchaghmaghi M, Ghazi A, Hashemy SI, Taherizadeh M. Assessment of salivary opiorphin in oral lichen planus. Braz J Oral Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.20396/bjos.v22i00.8667270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Opiorphin is a pentapeptide, which could be isolated from human fluids and has a decreasing effect on pain. Aim: Since lichen planus is a chronic mucocutaneous disease, which causes pain or burning feeling in the oral mucosa, this study aimed to compare salivary opiorphin levels of oral lichen planus (OLP) patients with healthy subjects. Methods: This case-control study, was performed on 24 patients with OLP lesions and 21 healthy subjects. After collecting unstimulated saliva, opiorphin levels were compared between two groups through statistical analyses. Results: There was not any significant difference between OLP patients and healthy subjects according to salivary opiorphin concentration (p=0.378). Also, in the OLP group, opiorphin concentration was not significantly different between males and females (p=0.601). Analytical analysis could not show any remarkable difference between various severity of OLP lesions regarding to salivary opiorphin levels (p=0.653). Conclusion: In this study, salivary opiorphin levels was not significantly different between patients with OLP and healthy subjects; however, more studies are suggested for better assessment of salivary opiorphin levels in various types of OLP lesions and its correlation with pain severity.
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23
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Hashemy SI, Amiri H, Hosseini H, Sadeghzadeh F, Jaseem MMM, Tabrizi MH. PEGylated Lecithin-Chitosan-Folic Acid Nanoparticles as Nanocarriers of Allicin for In Vitro Controlled Release and Anticancer Effects. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12010-022-04310-y. [PMID: 36652093 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04310-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, chitosan-lecithin nanoparticles modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and folic acid (FA) were used to deliver allicin (AC) to colon cancer cells. AC-loaded polyethylene glycol (PEG) and folic acid (FA)-modified chitosan-lecithin nanoparticles (AC-PLCF-NPs) were fabricated via self-assembling procedure. HPLC for AC encapsulation and FA binding, MTT for viability assay, ABTS and DPPH for antioxidant capacity, disc diffusion, MIC and MBC for antibacterial assay, qPCR and AO/PI staining for apoptotic, and CAM assay for angiogenesis effects of AC-PLCF-NPs were used. AC-PLCF-NPs (113.55 nm) were synthesized as single dispersed (PDI: 0.28) and stable (ZP: + 33.18 mV) with 81% AC encapsulation and 48% FA binding. The antioxidant power of AC-PLCF-NPs was confirmed by inhibiting free radicals ABTS (74.25 µg/mL) and DPPH (366.214 µg/mL) and its antibacterial capacity with very high inhibitory effects against gram-negative bacterial strains. MTT results showed higher toxicity of AC-PLCF-NPs (68.06 µg/mL) compared to AC (171.45 µg/mL). Increased expression of caspase 3 and 9 genes showed activation of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway in treated cells, and on the other hand, reduction of vascular and embryonic growth factors in CAM model confirmed the anti-angiogenesis effects of AC-PLCF-NPs. AC-PLCF-NPs can be suggested as a promising therapeutic agent for studies in the field of colon cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamed Amiri
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseini
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Sadeghzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
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Kokabi F, Ebrahimi S, Mirzavi F, Ghiasi Nooghabi N, Hashemi SF, Hashemy SI. The neuropeptide substance P/neurokinin-1 receptor system and diabetes: From mechanism to therapy. Biofactors 2023. [PMID: 36651605 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a significant public health issue known as the world's fastest-growing disease condition. It is characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and subsequent chronic complications leading to organ dysfunction and, ultimately, the failure of target organs. Substance P (SP) is an undecapeptide that belongs to the family of tachykinin (TK) peptides. The SP-mediated activation of the neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) regulates many pathophysiological processes in the body. There is also a relation between the SP/NK1R system and diabetic processes. Importantly, deregulated expression of SP has been reported in diabetes and diabetes-associated chronic complications. SP can induce both diabetogenic and antidiabetogenic effects and thus affect the pathology of diabetes destructively or protectively. Here, we review the current knowledge of the functional relevance of the SP/NK1R system in diabetes pathogenesis and its exploitation for diabetes therapy. A comprehensive understanding of the role of the SP/NK1R system in diabetes is expected to shed further light on developing new therapeutic possibilities for diabetes and its associated chronic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Kokabi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Safieh Ebrahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farshad Mirzavi
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | | | | | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Momen Razmgah M, Ghahremanloo A, Javid H, AlAlikhan A, Afshari AR, Hashemy SI. The effect of substance P and its specific antagonist (aprepitant) on the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, VEGF, and VEGFR in ovarian cancer cells. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:9307-9314. [PMID: 35960409 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07771-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substance P (SP) has a crucial role in cancer initiation and progression via binding to its specific receptor (NK1R). Various evidence confirmed the overexpression of NK1R and SP in the tissue of multiple cancers, including ovarian cancer. Despite numerous studies, the mechanism of the SP/NK1R system on migration and angiogenesis of ovarian cancer cells has not yet been deciphered. In this study, considering the critical factors in cell migration (MMP-2, MMP-9) and angiogenesis (VEGF, VEGFR), we investigated the possible mechanism of this system in inducing migration and angiogenesis of ovarian cancer cells. METHODS AND RESULTS First, the resazurin assay was conducted to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of aprepitant (NK1R antagonist) on the viability of A2780 ovarian cancer cells. After that, the impact of this system and aprepitant on the mRNA expression of the factors mentioned above were studied using RT-PCR. Besides, the scratch assay was performed to confirm the effect of the SP/NK-1R system and aprepitant on cell migration. Our results implied that this system induced cell migration and angiogenesis by increasing the mRNA expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, VEGF, and VEGFR. The obtained results from the scratch assay also confirmed the positive effect of this system on cell migration. Meanwhile, the blocking of NK1R by aprepitant suppresses the SP effects on cell migration and angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the SP/NK1R system plays a vital role in ovarian cancer progression, and the inhibition of NK1Rusing aprepitant could inhibit the spread of ovarian cancer cells through metastasis and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Momen Razmgah
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Atefeh Ghahremanloo
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Javid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abbas AlAlikhan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir-R Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Department of Clinical Biochemistry Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Salaramoli S, Mehri S, Yarmohammadi F, Hashemy SI, Hosseinzadeh H. The effects of ginger and its constituents in the prevention of metabolic syndrome: A review. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2022; 25:664-674. [PMID: 35949312 PMCID: PMC9320212 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2022.59627.13231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a multifactorial disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and hypertension risk factors. Moreover, metabolic syndrome is the most ordinary risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Numerous chemical drugs are being synthesized to heal metabolic risk factors. Still, due to their abundant side effects, herbal medicines have a vital role in the treatment of these abnormalities. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Zingiberaceae) plant has been traditionally used in medicine to treat disorders, including CVD. The unique ginger properties are attributed to the presence of [6]-gingerol, [8]-gingerol, [10]-gingerol, and [6]-shogaol, which through different mechanisms can be beneficial in metabolic syndrome. Ginger has a beneficial role in metabolic syndrome treatment due to its hypotensive, anti-obesity, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic effects. It can significantly reduce atherosclerotic lesion areas, VLDL and LDL cholesterol levels, and elevate adenosine deaminase activity in platelet and lymphocytes. Also, it promotes ATP/ADP hydrolysis. In the current article review, the critical properties of ginger and its constituents' effects on the metabolic syndrome with a special focus on different molecular and cellular mechanisms have been discussed. This article also suggests that ginger may be introduced as a therapeutic or preventive agent against metabolic syndrome after randomized clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Salaramoli
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Soghra Mehri
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Corresponding authors: Soghra Mehri. Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. ; Hossein Hosseinzadeh. Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Tel: +98-51-38819042; Fax: +98-51-38823251;
| | - Fatemeh Yarmohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Corresponding authors: Soghra Mehri. Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. ; Hossein Hosseinzadeh. Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Tel: +98-51-38819042; Fax: +98-51-38823251;
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Golestaneh M, Firoozrai M, Javid H, Hashemy SI. The substance P/ neurokinin-1 receptor signaling pathway mediates metastasis in human colorectal SW480 cancer cells. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:4893-4900. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07348-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Ebrahimi S, Alalikhan A, Aghaee-Bakhtiari SH, Hashemy SI. The redox modulatory effects of SP/NK1R system: Implications for oxidative stress-associated disorders. Life Sci 2022; 296:120448. [PMID: 35247438 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress which refers to redox imbalance with increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been associated with the pathophysiology of diverse disease conditions. Recently, a close, yet not fully understood, relation between oxidative stress and neuropeptides, in particular, substance P (SP), has been reported in certain conditions. SP has been shown to affect the cellular redox environment through activation of neurokinin-1receptor (NK1R). It seems that SP/NK1R system and oxidative stress can act either synergistically or antagonistically in a context-dependent manner, thereby, influencing the pathology of various clinical disorders either destructively or protectively. Importantly, the interactions between oxidative stress and SP/NK1R system can be pharmacologically targeted. Therefore, a better understanding of the redox modulatory properties of SP/NK1R signaling will pave the way for identifying new therapeutic possibilities for attenuating oxidative stress-mediated damage. Towards this end, we performed a comprehensive search through PubMed/Medline and Scopus databases and discussed all related existing literature regarding the interplay between oxidative stress and SP/NK1R system as well as their implication in various clinical disorders, to provide a clear view and hence better management of oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safieh Ebrahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abbas Alalikhan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamid Aghaee-Bakhtiari
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Ebrahimi S, Hashemy SI, Sahebkar A, Aghaee Bakhtiari SH. MicroRNA Regulation of Androgen Receptor in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Premises, Promises, and Potentials. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 14:559-569. [PMID: 33357209 DOI: 10.2174/1874467213666201223121850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most prevalent cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the most frequently used therapeutic strategy in PCa; however, the development of resistance to ADT, known as castration- resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), continues to be a major obstacle against the successful treatment of PCa. The abnormal activation of the androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway has been found as one of the main contributing factors to the development of resistance in CRPC. Therefore, AR regulatory strategies are urgently required to combat resistance. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been found as major AR regulatory factors affecting ADT resistance. MiRNAs can target AR itself, AR-related genes, AR splice variants, AR-related signaling pathways as well as cancer stem cells (CSCs), and play critical roles in regulating ADT resistance. Due to their capability to affect various genes and signaling pathways, miRNAs are now being studied for their potential role as a new therapeutic target in CRPC. It has been recommended that combination therapies, including miRNAs and existing drugs, can synergistically decrease castration resistance. miRNAs also have prognostic values for ADT, and their expression profiling in CRPC patients before therapeutic scheduling may enable the physician to diagnose patients who are ADT-resistant. Overall, extant evidence obviously supports the predictive and therapeutic potential of miRNAs in CRPC patients. This review summarizes the available information about the microRNA-mediated AR controlling mechanisms involved in ADT resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safieh Ebrahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Karimi-Shahri M, Javid H, Sharbaf Mashhad A, Yazdani S, Hashemy SI. Mesenchymal stem cells in cancer therapy; the art of harnessing a foe to a friend. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2021; 24:1307-1323. [PMID: 35096289 PMCID: PMC8769515 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2021.58227.12934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
For a long time, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were discussed only as stem cells which could give rise to different types of cells. However, when it became clear that their presence in the tumor microenvironment (TME) was like a green light for tumorigenesis, they emerged from the ashes. This review was arranged to provide a comprehensive and precise description of MSCs' role in regulating tumorigenesis and to discuss the dark and the bright sides of cancer treatment strategies using MSCs. To gather the details about MSCs, we made an intensive literature review using keywords, including MSCs, tumor microenvironment, tumorigenesis, and targeted therapy. Through transferring cytokines, growth factors, and microRNAs, MSCs maintain the cancer stem cell population, increase angiogenesis, provide a facility for cancer metastasis, and shut down the anti-tumor activity of the immune system. Although MSCs progress tumorigenesis, there is a consensus that these cells could be used as a vehicle to transfer anti-cancer agents into the tumor milieu. This feature opened a new chapter in MSCs biology, this time from the therapeutic perspective. Although the data are not sufficient, the advent of new genetic engineering methods might make it possible to engage these cells as Trojan horses to eliminate the malignant population. So many years of investigation showed that MSCs are an important group of cells, residing in the TME, studying the function of which not only could add a delicate series of information to the process of tumorigenesis but also could revolutionize cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Karimi-Shahri
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Javid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Sharbaf Mashhad
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Yazdani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Ilam Institute for Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Corresponding author: Seyed Isaac Hashemy. Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Tel: +98-51-38002366;
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Jalili-Nik M, Soltani A, Mashkani B, Rafatpanah H, Hashemy SI. PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors foster the progression of adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 98:107870. [PMID: 34153661 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy through immune checkpoints blockade and its subsequent clinical application has revolutionized the treatment of a spectrum of solid tumors. Blockade of Programmed cell death protein-1 and its ligand has shown promising results in clinical studies. The clinical trials that enrolled patients with different hematopoietic malignancies including non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) showed that anti-PD-1 agents could have potential therapeutic effects in the patients. Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a non-Hodgkin T-cell Lymphoma that is developed in a minority of HTLV-1-infected individuals after a long latency period. The inhibition of PD-1 as a treatment option is currently being investigated in ATLL patients. In this review, we present a summary of the biology of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, the evidence in the literature to support anti-PD-1/PDL-1 application in the treatment of different lymphoid, myeloid, and virus-related hematological malignancies, and controversies related to PD-1/PD-L1 blocking in the management of ATLL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jalili-Nik
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arash Soltani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Baratali Mashkani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Houshang Rafatpanah
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Moafian Z, Maghrouni A, Soltani A, Hashemy SI. Cross-talk between non-coding RNAs and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in colorectal cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:4797-4811. [PMID: 34057685 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06458-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third commonest cancer globally, with metastasis being the reason for cancer-associated mortality. Much is still unknown biochemically about CRC, and with current treatments that are not wholly effective over time, new therapeutics are urgently needed. Emerging evidence has shown the importance of non-coding RNAs such as lncRNAs and miRNAs functions in the development and progression of CRC. However, the exact underlying mechanism of these types of RNAs in CRC is still mostly unknown. PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway contributes to many cellular processes, and dysregulation of this pathway frequently occurs in cancers. In this review, the authors have mostly focused on the significant non-coding RNAs regulators of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and their contribution to the development or inhibition of CRC and their potential as diagnostic or therapeutic targets in CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Moafian
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory (PCL), Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Maghrouni
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Soltani
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Amirchaghmaghi M, Dalirsani Z, Ghazi A, Mostaan LV, Hashemy SI, Shakeri MT, Cheshomi F. Evaluation of the salivary glutaredoxin-1 levels in oral lichen planus and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Gulf J Oncolog 2021; 1:14-20. [PMID: 35017131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glutaredoxin-1, as a component of antioxidant system, plays a crucial role in pathogenesis of some cancers and pre-malignant lesions. The aim of this study is to assess salivary levels of glutaredoxin-1 in oral lichen planus (OLP) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients compared with healthy controls. METHODS & MATERIALS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 28 OLP patients, 20 OSCC cases, and 40 healthy subjects. Their salivary glutaredoxin-1 was assessed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Regarding the glutaredoxin-1 level, there was no significant difference between the three studied groups (p=0.073); however, the salivary glutaredoxin-1levels were higher in the healthy subjects than the OLP and OSCC patients. Among OSCC patients, the salivary glutaredoxin-1 levels were significantly higher in the males (p=0.03). According to glutaredoxin-1 levels, the difference between keratotic and non-keratotic OLP lesions were not significant (p=0.98). Furthermore, there was no significant difference between various clinical manifestations and grades of OSCC, (p=0.08, p=0.56, respectively). CONCLUSION Salivary glutaredoxin-1 levels were lower in OLP and OSCC patients compared to the normal volunteers; therefore the role of glutaredoxin-1 in the pathogenesis of these diseases could be proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Amirchaghmaghi
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zohreh Dalirsani
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ala Ghazi
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Shakeri
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Ghahremani F, Sabbaghzadeh R, Ebrahimi S, Javid H, Ghahremani J, Hashemy SI. Pathogenic role of the SP/ NK1R system in GBM cells through inhibiting the thioredoxin system. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2021; 24:499-505. [PMID: 34094032 PMCID: PMC8143719 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2021.52902.11945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a highly aggressive Grade IV brain tumor, is a significant public health issue due to its poor prognosis and incurability. Neuropeptide substance P (SP) plays a critical role in GBM tumor growth and development via activation of neurokinin-1receptor (NK1R). Moreover, SP is a pro-oxidant factor contributing to oxidative stress in various cell types. However, the link between SP and oxidative stress in cancer cells is not fully investigated. Here, we aimed to identify the effects of SP and NK1R antagonist, aprepitant, on the redox status of GBM cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Resazurin assay was employed to determine the effect of aprepitant on viability of U87 glioblastoma cells. 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA) assay was employed to measure the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was applied to measure the expression of proteins of the thioredoxin system. Commercial kits (ZellBio GmbH) were also used to measure the enzymatic activity of these proteins. RESULTS We found that SP increased ROS level in U87 GBM cells, and aprepitant significantly reduced this effect. Furthermore, we found that SP could also affect the thioredoxin system, a central antioxidant enzyme defense system. SP reduced both expression and enzymatic activity of the thioredoxin system's proteins, Trx and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and these effects were significantly reduced by aprepitant. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that SP activation of NK1R represented a link between oxidative stress and GBM and highlighted the need for further validations in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ghahremani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Reihaneh Sabbaghzadeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Safieh Ebrahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hosein Javid
- Medical Laboratory Sciences Department, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Javad Ghahremani
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Ghazi A, Pakfetrat A, Hashemy SI, Boroomand F, Javan-Rashid A. Evaluation of Antioxidant Capacity and Cotinine Levels of Saliva in Male Smokers and Non-smokers. Addict Health 2021; 12:244-250. [PMID: 33623643 PMCID: PMC7878005 DOI: 10.22122/ahj.v12i4.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background The cigarette compounds are associated with the increase in the incidence of oral cancer and precancerous lesions. Salivary antioxidant system plays an important role in anti-carcinogenic capacity of saliva. Cotinine, a nicotine metabolite, has a longer half-life in comparison with nicotine and is a suitable marker for exposure to cigarette smoke. This study aims to measure total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and cotinine level in saliva of smokers and non-smokers and compare salivary cotinine level and TAC in each group. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 32 smokers and 34 non-smokers were recruited by consecutive sampling from Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Salivary cotinine and TAC concentrations were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. For data analysis, correlation tests of Spearman, Mann-Whitney U, and independent samples t-test were used. Findings A significant difference was observed between the two groups in the mean cotinine level and in the mean TAC (P = 0.015, P = 0.027, respectively). TAC showed a weak negative correlation with the cotinine level, but the difference was not significant (P = 0.651). Conclusion Antioxidants are of great importance to smokers because antioxidants are able to scavenge free radicals found in cigarette smoke. According to the results of present study, the salivary TAC in smokers was lower than that of non-smokers, and the salivary cotinine level in smokers was higher than non-smokers. Therefore, smoking endangers the oral cavity health by reducing the salivary TAC. Further studies with a higher sample size and other factors affecting the salivary TAC are needed for definitive comment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ala Ghazi
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Atessa Pakfetrat
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Abdollah Javan-Rashid
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Ghaeni Pasavei A, Mohebbati R, Jalili-Nik M, Mollazadeh H, Ghorbani A, Nosrati Tirkani A, Taraz Jamshidi S, Hashemy SI, Heidarian Miri H, Soukhtanloo M. Effects of Rhus coriaria L. hydroalcoholic extract on the lipid and antioxidant profile in high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis in rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2021; 44:75-83. [PMID: 33319629 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2018.1533024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is related to increased fat deposition in the liver, known as hepatic steatosis. The present study is an evaluation of the anti-oxidative and antihyperlipidemic effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of Rhus coriaria L. (HARE) in rats on a high-fat diet (HFD). Twenty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, HFD, HFD + HARE 50 mg/kg/day, and HFD + HARE 250 mg/kg/day for 12 weeks. Animals were weighed weekly and treated with the HARE extract for 12 weeks by gavage. Subsequently, the histopathological changes, oxidative markers, and lipid profile were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for multiple comparisons. First, the active ingredients of the extract were determined by HPLC. Then, the levels in the serum lipid profile (TG, cholesterol, HDL, and LDL) in rats fed with the HFD + HARE were analyzed where a significant reduction was observed. The HFD proved to increase the activity of the liver enzymes, the serum lipid levels, and the malondialdehyde (MDA) level. The ferric-reducing antioxidant activity power (FRAP), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalytic activity were reduced in the liver homogenate of HFD rats compared to the controls. Additionally, the aforementioned liver enzymes activities were reduced in response to HARE. Evaluation of oxidative stress determined a reduction in the MDA level while a raised FRAP was confirmed. In accordance with the present results, histopathological observations have also demonstrated that HARE ameliorated grade-1 hepatic steatosis induced by HFD. Taken together, the findings of this study introduce HARE as a future potential therapeutic agent in treating hepatic steatosis and reducing oxidative damages of an HFD in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolmomen Ghaeni Pasavei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Mohebbati
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Jalili-Nik
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Mollazadeh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghorbani
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Nosrati Tirkani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shirin Taraz Jamshidi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Heidarian Miri
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soukhtanloo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Amirchaghmaghi M, Mahfoozi R, Dalirsani Z, Mostaan LV, Hashemy SI, Shakeri MT. Assessment of salivary thioredoxin levels in oral lichen planus and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Exp Dent Res 2020; 7:574-580. [PMID: 33289312 PMCID: PMC8404483 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic mucocutaneous inflammatory disease, which is considered as a potentially malignant condition and could transformed into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Squamous cell carcinmoma is the most common oral cancer. This study aimed to compare salivary thioredoxin levels as an antioxidant protein among patients with OSSC, OLP and healthy subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-eight patients with OLP, 20 patients with OSCC and 40 healthy people enrolled in this observational study. Saliva samples were collected from all subjects and salivary thioredoxin levels were evaluated by Elisa test. The data were recorded in the check lists and analyzed using SPSS (ver.17). RESULTS Thioredoxin levels of healthy controls were insignificantly higher than OLP and SCC patients (p = 0.135). There was a statistically remarkable indirect relationship between thioredoxin levels and severity of the lesions determined by Thongprasom criteria among OLP patients. The thioredoxin concentration was significantly higher in the keratotic OLP. Among the OSCC patients, the highest levels of thioredoxin were found among patients aged more than 65 years. Salivary thioredoxin levels based on other variables were not significantly different between the studied groups. CONCLUSION In this study, there was not any significant difference between salivary thioredoxin levels in the OLP and OSCC patients, though it was unremarkable higher in the healthy group compared to the patients; therefore, the role of thioredoxin in the cellular oxidation-reduction status could be suggested; however, further studies are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Amirchaghmaghi
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | | | - Zohreh Dalirsani
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | | | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Surgical Oncology Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Shakeri
- Social Determinants of Health Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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Soleimani D, Rezaie M, Rajabzadeh F, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J, Abbaspour M, Miryan M, Razmpour F, Ranjbar G, Rezvani R, Jarahi L, Hashemy SI, Goshayeshi L, Nematy M. Protective effects of propolis on hepatic steatosis and fibrosis among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) evaluated by real-time two-dimensional shear wave elastography: A randomized clinical trial. Phytother Res 2020; 35:1669-1679. [PMID: 33166032 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, while no drugs have been approved for its treatment. The pieces of evidence indicate that propolis as a novel anti-inflammatory agent might be a promising candidate to treat NAFLD. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of propolis on hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 54 patients with NAFLD. Patients were randomly assigned to receive propolis tablets at a dose of 250 mg twice daily for 4 months or placebo. The improvement in hepatic steatosis and fibrosis was evaluated using two-dimensional shear wave elastography. Improvement in the hepatic steatosis was significantly higher in the propolis group than the placebo group, even after adjustment for baseline value and changes in weight, energy intake, and physical activity (odds ratio [OR]: 5.67; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.41-22.8; p = .014). A significant reduction was observed on the liver stiffness in the propolis group (-0.65 ± 0.56 kPa; p = .001), whereas it increased in the placebo group (0.27 ± 0.59 kPa; p = .037). Also, the intake of propolis significantly decreased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels compared with the placebo group (-0.371; 95%CI: -0.582 to -0.16 mg/L; p = .01). Changes in serum levels of fasting blood sugar, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, cholesterol, and triglyceride did not differ significantly between the two groups (p > .05). There was no significant improvement in insulin resistance in both groups (p > .05). Propolis seems to have protective effects on hepatic steatosis and fibrosis and to reduce the serum levels of hs-CRP in patients with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davood Soleimani
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mitra Rezaie
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farnood Rajabzadeh
- Department of Radiology, Mashhad Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Mohammadreza Abbaspour
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahsa Miryan
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Golnaz Ranjbar
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Rezvani
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Lida Jarahi
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ladan Goshayeshi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nematy
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Abstract
Abstract- Tachykinins (TKs) are a family of neuropeptides widely distributed in the human body, especially in the nervous system. TKs have exhibited both neuroprotective and neurodegenerative properties in the central nervous system (CNS) and spinal cord. Also, several studies have shown that substance P (SP), as a pioneering neuropeptide of the TK family, is engaged in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders (NDs), such as Alzheimer disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However, a huge body of information available about the level of SP in NDs demonstrates that SP and its receptors might be prognostic or diagnostic factors for NDs. The present review article summarizes the roles of TKs in common neurodegenerative disorders.
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Idari G, Karimi P, Ghaffari S, Hashemy SI, Mashkani B. Protective effects of BiP inducer X (BIX) against diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 99:644-653. [PMID: 33096003 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2020-0419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC) is associated with impaired endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function, development of ER stress, and induction of cardiac cell apoptosis. Preventive effects of BiP inducer X (BIX) were investigated against DC characteristic changes in a type 2 diabetes rat model. To establish diabetes, a high-fat diet and a single dose of streptozotocin were administered. Then, animals were assigned into the following groups: control, BIX, diabetic animals monitored for one, two, and three weeks. Diabetic rats were treated with BIX for one, two, and three weeks. Expressions of various ER stress and apoptotic markers were assessed by immunoblotting method. CHOP gene expression was assessed by Real-time PCR. Tissue expression of BiP was evaluated by immunohistochemistry method. Hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome staining were performed to assess histological changes in the left ventricle. Cardiac cell apoptosis was examined using TUNEL assay. BIX administration suppressed the activation of the ER stress markers and cleavage of procaspase-3 in the diabetic rats. Likewise, tissue expression of BiP protein was increased, while CHOP mRNA levels were decreased. These results were accompanied by reducing cardiac fibrosis and myocardial cell apoptosis suggesting protective effects of BIX against the development of DC by decreasing cardiomyocyte apoptosis and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Idari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Pouran Karimi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samad Ghaffari
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Baratali Mashkani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Mirzavi F, Ebrahimi S, Ghazvini K, Hasanian SM, Hashemy SI. Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Potencies of Circulating miRNAs in Acute Myocardial Infarction. Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr 2020; 29:333-342. [PMID: 31679294 DOI: 10.1615/critreveukaryotgeneexpr.2019028211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), or heart attack, is a major public health problem, responsible for 3 to 4 million deaths each year. Despite great improvements in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, it remains one of the most lethal types of heart disease. Therefore, the identification of molecular mechanisms involved in AMI pathogenesis might help us to develop new therapeutic and diagnostic approaches. MicroRNAs (21- to 24-nucleotide noncoding RNAs) have been shown to play important roles in AMI pathogenesis by affecting multiple cellular processes, including cardiac cell proliferation, apoptosis, survival, regeneration, and autophagy. Thus, targeting microRNAs might have great clinical significance for the treatment of AMI patients. Moreover, aberrant miRNA expression patterns can serve as an ideal diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for AMI patients. This review aims to give an overview of recent studies that have addressed the therapeutic potency of microRNAs in AMI. We also summarize the potential use of microRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Mirzavi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Safieh Ebrahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Kiarash Ghazvini
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hasanian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Khorasani S, Boroumand N, Ghaeni Pasavei A, Sahebari M, Hashemy SI. A Study on Association Between Protein Carbonyl and Anti-cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibody in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Introducing a New Supplementary Biomarker. Indian J Clin Biochem 2020; 35:347-352. [PMID: 32647413 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-019-00823-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Redox state and immune mechanisms are two major factors implicated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Regarding some limitations of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibody in RA diagnosis, recruiting another strong marker of oxidative stress could lead to more definitive diagnosis. To evaluate the potential of protein carbonyl content as a supplementary biomarker for RA. Eighty patients with RA attending the Research Center from 2015 to 2016 were recruited in this study. Smoker and alcoholic subjects, or those with any other systemic illness were excluded from the study. Demographic information and clinical data were collected. Numbers of swollen and tender joints were determined and RA disease activity was assessed. Serum samples were used for assessing protein carbonyl level, platelet count, and anti-CCP antibody values. Statistical analyses for significant differences were performed according to parametric (Student t test) and nonparametric (Mann-Whitney test) tests. The correlation was determined by Pearson coefficient. There was a significant correlation between protein carbonyl levels and anti-CCP antibodies in active RA (p value = 0.01), but not in remission phase (p value = 0.28). A significant positive correlation was observed between protein carbonyl levels and platelets count in active RA (p value = 0.001), but not in remission phase (p value = 0.85). Protein carbonyl could be considered as a future cost-effective supplementary biomarker, alongside anti-CCP antibody, in active RA diagnosis as it showed a significant positive correlation with anti-CCP antibody and platelet, two major mediators in the disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Khorasani
- Immunology Research Centre, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nadia Boroumand
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abdolmomen Ghaeni Pasavei
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Sahebari
- Rheumatic Disease Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Surgical Oncology Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Soltani A, Hashemy SI, Avval FZ, Rafatpanah H, Rezaee SA, Griffith R, Mashkani B. Application of Molecular Docking for the Development of Improved HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2020; 17:538-549. [PMID: 32598265 DOI: 10.2174/1573409916666200628103359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inhibition of the reverse transcriptase (RT) enzyme of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by low molecular weight inhibitors is still an active area of research. Here, protein-ligand interactions and possible binding modes of novel compounds with the HIV-1 RT binding pocket (the wild-type as well as Y181C and K103N mutants) were obtained and discussed. METHODS A molecular fragment-based approach using FDA-approved drugs were followed to design novel chemical derivatives using delavirdine, efavirenz, etravirine and rilpivirine as the scaffolds. The drug-likeliness of the derivatives was evaluated using Swiss-ADME. The parent molecule and derivatives were then docked into the binding pocket of related crystal structures (PDB ID: 4G1Q, 1IKW, 1KLM and 3MEC). Genetic Optimization for Ligand Docking (GOLD) Suite 5.2.2 software was used for docking and the results analyzed in the Discovery Studio Visualizer 4. A derivative was chosen for further analysis, if it passed drug-likeliness and the docked energy was more favorable than that of its parent molecule. Out of the fifty-seven derivatives, forty-eight failed in drug-likeness screening by Swiss-ADME or at the docking stage. RESULTS The final results showed that the selected compounds had higher predicted binding affinities than their parent scaffolds in both wild-type and the mutants. Binding energy improvement was higher for the structures designed based on second-generation NNRTIs (etravirine and rilpivirine) than the first-generation NNRTIs (delavirdine and efavirenz). For example, while the docked energy for rilpivirine was -51 KJ/mol, it was improved for its derivatives RPV01 and RPV15 up to - 58.3 and -54.5 KJ/mol, respectively. CONCLUSION In this study, we have identified and proposed some novel molecules with improved binding capacity for HIV RT using a fragment-based approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Soltani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farnaz Zahedi Avval
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Houshang Rafatpanah
- Department of Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Abdolrahim Rezaee
- Department of Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Renate Griffith
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Baratali Mashkani
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Hashemy SI, Soleimani A, Hekmat-Shoar A, Lotfi A, Arianpoor A, Ziaee Mehr A, Motie MR. Investigating the Diagnostic Value of Serum Calprotectin Level in Patients With Acute Appendicitis. ACTA 2020. [DOI: 10.18502/acta.v57i12.3466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Appendicitis is one of the main causes of acute abdominal surgery; however, the accurate diagnosis of appendicitis has remained uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the serum calprotectin as a diagnostic indicator for acute appendicitis. This prospective study was conducted on 79 patients suspected of acute appendicitis who underwent an appendectomy and 70 healthy volunteers. The correlation of serum calprotectin level and histopathological results was investigated. Screening performance characteristics of calprotectin (CP) were calculated on patients suspected with acute appendicitis. The mean serum calprotectin level in the patients was 0.791±0.148 mg/dl with a minimum of 0.567 mg/dl and a maximum of 1.26 mg/dl. The serum calprotectin ranged from 0.10 mg/dl to 0.50 mg/l in the healthy group. The AUC of CP was 0.58 (95% CI: 0.43-0.73). At a 0.72 mg/dl cutoff value, CP had 70% (95% CI: 58-82) sensitivity and 50% (95% CI: 39-61) specificity. According to the main finding of our study, the accuracy and sensitivity of serum CP in the detection of patients with acute appendicitis is good, and it seems that it can be used beside clinical symptoms for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.
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Sayadi M, Zare H, Jamedar SA, Hashemy SI, Meshkat Z, Soleimanpour S, Hoffner S, Ghazvini K. Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance against fluoroquinolones in the northeast of Iran. BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20:390. [PMID: 32487030 PMCID: PMC7268510 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-05112-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fluoroquinolones are broad-spectrum antibiotics that are recommended, and increasingly important, for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Resistance to fluoroquinolones is caused by mutations in the Quinolone Resistance Determining Region (QRDR) of gyrA and gyrB genes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In this study, we characterized the phenotypic and genotypic resistance to fluoroquinolones for the first time in northeast Iran. METHODS A total of 123 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates, including 111 clinical and 12 collected multidrug-resistant isolates were studied. Also, 19 WHO quality control strains were included in the study. The phenotypic susceptibility was determined by the proportion method on Löwenstein-Jensen medium. The molecular cause of resistance to the fluoroquinolone drugs ofloxacin and levofloxacin was investigated by sequencing of the QRDR region of the gyrA and gyrB genes. RESULTS Among 123 isolates, six (4.8%) were fluoroquinolone-resistant according to phenotypic methods, and genotypically three of them had a mutation at codon 94 of the gyrA gene (Asp→ Gly) which was earlier reported to cause resistance. All three remaining phenotypically resistant isolates had a nucleotide change in codon 95. No mutations were found in the gyrB gene. Five of the 19 WHO quality control strains, were phenotypically fluoroquinolone-resistant, four of them were genotypically resistant with mutations at codon 90, 91 of the gyrA gene and one resistant strain had no detected mutation. CONCLUSIONS Mutation at codon 94 of the gyrA gene, was the main cause of fluoroquinolone resistance among M. tuberculosis isolates in our region. In 3/6 fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates, no mutations were found in either gyrA or gyrB. Therefore, it can be concluded that various other factors may lead to fluoroquinolone resistance, such as active efflux pumps, decreased cell wall permeability, and drug inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Sayadi
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hosna Zare
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeed Amel Jamedar
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Meshkat
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saman Soleimanpour
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sven Hoffner
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kiarash Ghazvini
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Mohammadi F, Javid H, Afshari AR, Mashkani B, Hashemy SI. Substance P accelerates the progression of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via MMP-2, MMP-9, VEGF-A, and VEGFR1 overexpression. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:4263-4272. [PMID: 32436041 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05532-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tachykinins such as Substance P (SP) are a group of neuropeptides that are involved in cancer development. Neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) is the main tachykinin receptor mediating the effects of SP, which is overexpressed in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and other malignant tissues. However, the effects of SP/NK-1R system on the migration of esophageal cancer cells and angiogenesis is not clear yet. This study seeks to obtain data to address these research gaps. In order to assess the effects of the FDA-approved aprepitant drug, a commercially available NK-1R antagonist, on the viability of KYSE-30 ESCC cells, resazurin assay was performed. The influence of SP/NK-1R system on the migration potential of these cells was examined using scratch assay. The effects of this system on the expression levels of metastatic factors were also examined by RT-PCR and western blot analyses. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value for KYSE-30 cells treated with aprepitant found to be 29.88 μM. Treatment with SP significantly promoted KYSE-30 esophageal cancer cell migration, and aprepitant blocked this effect. In addition, SP significantly induced the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), and VEGF receptor1 (VEGFR1) in the cells, whereas aprepitant inhibited the up-regulation effects caused by SP. SP plays important roles in the development of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by promoting cancer cell invasion and enhancing the expression of factors involved in cellular migration and angiogenesis, which can be blocked by the NK-1R antagonist, aprepitant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Mohammadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Javid
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Afshari
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Baratali Mashkani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Ebrahimi S, Javid H, Alaei A, Hashemy SI. New insight into the role of substance P/neurokinin-1 receptor system in breast cancer progression and its crosstalk with microRNAs. Clin Genet 2020; 98:322-330. [PMID: 32266968 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The neuropeptide substance P (SP) triggers a variety of tumor-promoting signaling pathways through the activation of neurokinin-1receptor (NK1R), a class of neurokinin G protein-coupled receptors superfamily. Recent researches in our and other laboratories have shown the overexpression of both SP and NK1R in breast cancer (BC) patients. SP/NK1R signaling is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of BC through affecting cell proliferation, migration, metastasis, angiogenesis, and resistance. Therefore, SP/NK1R signaling responses must be rigorously regulated; otherwise, they would contribute to a more aggressive BC phenotype. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) as a specific class of epigenetic regulators have been shown to regulate NK1R and thus, controlling SP/NK1R signaling responses in BC. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the role of SP/NK1R signaling and its therapeutic potentials in BC. We also provide an overview regarding the effects of miRNA-mediated NK1R regulatory mechanisms in controlling BC tumorigenesis to gain a clearer view and thus better management of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safieh Ebrahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hosein Javid
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amin Alaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Lorestani S, Ghahremanloo A, Jangjoo A, Abedi M, Hashemy SI. Evaluation of serum level of substance P and tissue distribution of NK-1 receptor in colorectal cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:3469-3474. [PMID: 32277443 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05432-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is known as the most common form of malignancies in the world and its occurrence is annually increasing. Due to the relatively high death rates in patients, finding better diagnostic and prognostic factors are required. Substance P (SP) belongs to the tachykinin family that acts as an immunomodulator by binding to the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R). The interaction of SP with NK1R might be involved in tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and migration. Hence, this study was aimed to evaluate the serum SP level and tissue distribution of NK1Rs in CRC. Also, we assessed the relationship between tissue distribution of NK1R and some different tumor characteristics, including tumor size, and lymph node status. Recruiting 38 patients primarily diagnosed with CRC, the tissue distribution of NK1R was immunohistochemically evaluated in tumor tissues and their adjacent normal tissue. The serum level of SP was measured using an ELISA method in both cases and healthy control group. The SP value was significantly increased in the serum of patients in comparison with the healthy group (p = 0.001). Tumor tissues expressed a higher number of NK1R than adjacent normal tissues (p = 0.01) considering both the percentage of stained cells and intensity of staining. However, there was not any statistically significant relevance between NK1R distribution and tumor characteristics. The SP/NK1R system is involved in tumorigenesis of CRC, and might be suggested as a potent prognostic or diagnostic factor, or a new target in the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Lorestani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Atefeh Ghahremanloo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Jangjoo
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maedeh Abedi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Kalantari Khandani N, Ghahremanloo A, Hashemy SI. Role of tumor microenvironment in the regulation of PD-L1: A novel role in resistance to cancer immunotherapy. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:6496-6506. [PMID: 32239707 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tumor evasion from the host immune system is a substantial strategy for tumor development and survival. The expression of many immune checkpoint proteins in cancer cells is a mechanism by which tumor cells escape from the immune system. Among the well-known immune checkpoints that can tremendously affect tumor development and cancer therapy are the programmed death-ligand-1/programmed death-1 (PD-L1/PD-1). To tackle this phenomenon and improve the therapeutic strategies in cancer treatment, the blockade of the PD-L1/PD-1 pathway is introduced as a target, but the therapeutic advantage of PD L1/PD-1 blockade has not fulfilled the expectations. This condition may be associated with a different type of resistance in a considerable number of patients. A crucial issue to conquer resistance against immune checkpoint blockade therapy is to understand how PD-L1 level is regulated. However, the mechanisms by which the PD-L1 expression is regulated are complicated, and they can occur at different levels from signaling pathways to posttranscriptional levels. For example, various transcriptional factors, such as hypoxia-inducible factor-1, nuclear factor-κΒ, interferon-γ, STAT3, MYC, and AP-1 can regulate the PD-L1 distribution at the transcriptional level. Herein, we tried to focus on the most important regulatory mechanisms of PD-L1 by inducible agents in the tumor cells, such as signaling pathways, transcriptional factors, and posttranscriptional factors. Finally, these approaches may open up new windows for targeting tumor immune evasion and suggest the novel suppressors of PD-L1 for efficient therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Atefeh Ghahremanloo
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Ghaderi RS, Yaghoubi A, Amirfakhrian R, Hashemy SI, Ghazvini K. The prevalence of genes encoding ESBL among clinical isolates of Escherichia coli in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Gene Reports 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2019.100562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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