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DiStasio A, Driver A, Sund K, Donlin M, Muraleedharan RM, Pooya S, Kline-Fath B, Kaufman KM, Prows CA, Schorry E, Dasgupta B, Stottmann RW. Copb2 is essential for embryogenesis and hypomorphic mutations cause human microcephaly. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:4836-4848. [PMID: 29036432 PMCID: PMC5886270 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary microcephaly is a congenital brain malformation characterized by a head circumference less than three standard deviations below the mean for age and sex and results in moderate to severe mental deficiencies and decreased lifespan. We recently studied two children with primary microcephaly in an otherwise unaffected family. Exome sequencing identified an autosomal recessive mutation leading to an amino acid substitution in a WD40 domain of the highly conserved Coatomer Protein Complex, Subunit Beta 2 (COPB2). To study the role of Copb2 in neural development, we utilized genome-editing technology to generate an allelic series in the mouse. Two independent null alleles revealed that Copb2 is essential for early stages of embryogenesis. Mice homozygous for the patient variant (Copb2R254C/R254C) appear to have a grossly normal phenotype, likely due to differences in corticogenesis between the two species. Strikingly, mice heterozygous for the patient mutation and a null allele (Copb2R254C/Zfn) show a severe perinatal phenotype including low neonatal weight, significantly increased apoptosis in the brain, and death within the first week of life. Immunostaining of the Copb2R254C/Zfnbrain revealed a reduction in layer V (CTIP2+) neurons, while the overall cell density of the cortex is unchanged. Moreover, neurospheres derived from animals with Copb2 variants grew less than control. These results identify a general requirement for COPB2 in embryogenesis and a specific role in corticogenesis. We further demonstrate the utility of CRISPR-Cas9 generated mouse models in the study of potential pathogenicity of variants of potential clinical interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew DiStasio
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Ashley Driver
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Kristen Sund
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Milene Donlin
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Ranjith M Muraleedharan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Shabnam Pooya
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Beth Kline-Fath
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Kenneth M Kaufman
- Division of Rheumatology and Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Cynthia A Prows
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Division of Patient Services, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Elizabeth Schorry
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Biplab Dasgupta
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Rolf W Stottmann
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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3
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Cossette SM, Bhute VJ, Bao X, Harmann LM, Horswill MA, Sinha I, Gastonguay A, Pooya S, Bordas M, Kumar SN, Mirza SP, Palecek SP, Strande JL, Ramchandran R. Sucrose Nonfermenting-Related Kinase Enzyme-Mediated Rho-Associated Kinase Signaling is Responsible for Cardiac Function. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 9:474-486. [PMID: 27780848 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.116.001515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac metabolism is critical for the functioning of the heart, and disturbance in this homeostasis is likely to influence cardiac disorders or cardiomyopathy. Our laboratory has previously shown that SNRK (sucrose nonfermenting related kinase) enzyme, which belongs to the AMPK (adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase) family, was essential for cardiac metabolism in mammals. Snrk global homozygous knockout (KO) mice die at postnatal day 0, and conditional deletion of Snrk in cardiomyocytes (Snrk cmcKO) leads to cardiac failure and death by 8 to 10 months. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed additional cardiac functional studies using echocardiography and identified further cardiac functional deficits in Snrk cmcKO mice. Nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics analysis identified key metabolic pathway deficits in SNRK knockdown cardiomyocytes in vitro. Specifically, metabolites involved in lipid metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation are altered, and perturbations in these pathways can result in cardiac function deficits and heart failure. A phosphopeptide-based proteomic screen identified ROCK (Rho-associated kinase) as a putative substrate for SNRK, and mass spec-based fragment analysis confirmed key amino acid residues on ROCK that are phosphorylated by SNRK. Western blot analysis on heart lysates from Snrk cmcKO adult mice and SNRK knockdown cardiomyocytes showed increased ROCK activity. In addition, in vivo inhibition of ROCK partially rescued the in vivo Snrk cmcKO cardiac function deficits. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our data suggest that SNRK in cardiomyocytes is responsible for maintaining cardiac metabolic homeostasis, which is mediated in part by ROCK, and alteration of this homeostasis influences cardiac function in the adult heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Cossette
- From the Department of Pediatrics (S.M.C., A.G., S. Pooya, M.B., R.R.), OBGYN, Developmental Vascular Biology Program, Children's Research Institute (R.R.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (L.M.H.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (J.L.S.), and Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology (S.N.K.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (V.J.B., X.B., S. Palecek), Morgridge Institute for Research (M.A.H.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Marginalen Bank, Stockholm, Sweden (I.S.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (S.P.M.)
| | - Vijesh J Bhute
- From the Department of Pediatrics (S.M.C., A.G., S. Pooya, M.B., R.R.), OBGYN, Developmental Vascular Biology Program, Children's Research Institute (R.R.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (L.M.H.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (J.L.S.), and Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology (S.N.K.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (V.J.B., X.B., S. Palecek), Morgridge Institute for Research (M.A.H.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Marginalen Bank, Stockholm, Sweden (I.S.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (S.P.M.)
| | - Xiaoping Bao
- From the Department of Pediatrics (S.M.C., A.G., S. Pooya, M.B., R.R.), OBGYN, Developmental Vascular Biology Program, Children's Research Institute (R.R.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (L.M.H.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (J.L.S.), and Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology (S.N.K.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (V.J.B., X.B., S. Palecek), Morgridge Institute for Research (M.A.H.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Marginalen Bank, Stockholm, Sweden (I.S.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (S.P.M.)
| | - Leanne M Harmann
- From the Department of Pediatrics (S.M.C., A.G., S. Pooya, M.B., R.R.), OBGYN, Developmental Vascular Biology Program, Children's Research Institute (R.R.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (L.M.H.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (J.L.S.), and Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology (S.N.K.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (V.J.B., X.B., S. Palecek), Morgridge Institute for Research (M.A.H.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Marginalen Bank, Stockholm, Sweden (I.S.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (S.P.M.)
| | - Mark A Horswill
- From the Department of Pediatrics (S.M.C., A.G., S. Pooya, M.B., R.R.), OBGYN, Developmental Vascular Biology Program, Children's Research Institute (R.R.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (L.M.H.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (J.L.S.), and Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology (S.N.K.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (V.J.B., X.B., S. Palecek), Morgridge Institute for Research (M.A.H.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Marginalen Bank, Stockholm, Sweden (I.S.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (S.P.M.)
| | - Indranil Sinha
- From the Department of Pediatrics (S.M.C., A.G., S. Pooya, M.B., R.R.), OBGYN, Developmental Vascular Biology Program, Children's Research Institute (R.R.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (L.M.H.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (J.L.S.), and Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology (S.N.K.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (V.J.B., X.B., S. Palecek), Morgridge Institute for Research (M.A.H.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Marginalen Bank, Stockholm, Sweden (I.S.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (S.P.M.)
| | - Adam Gastonguay
- From the Department of Pediatrics (S.M.C., A.G., S. Pooya, M.B., R.R.), OBGYN, Developmental Vascular Biology Program, Children's Research Institute (R.R.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (L.M.H.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (J.L.S.), and Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology (S.N.K.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (V.J.B., X.B., S. Palecek), Morgridge Institute for Research (M.A.H.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Marginalen Bank, Stockholm, Sweden (I.S.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (S.P.M.)
| | - Shabnam Pooya
- From the Department of Pediatrics (S.M.C., A.G., S. Pooya, M.B., R.R.), OBGYN, Developmental Vascular Biology Program, Children's Research Institute (R.R.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (L.M.H.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (J.L.S.), and Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology (S.N.K.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (V.J.B., X.B., S. Palecek), Morgridge Institute for Research (M.A.H.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Marginalen Bank, Stockholm, Sweden (I.S.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (S.P.M.)
| | - Michelle Bordas
- From the Department of Pediatrics (S.M.C., A.G., S. Pooya, M.B., R.R.), OBGYN, Developmental Vascular Biology Program, Children's Research Institute (R.R.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (L.M.H.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (J.L.S.), and Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology (S.N.K.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (V.J.B., X.B., S. Palecek), Morgridge Institute for Research (M.A.H.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Marginalen Bank, Stockholm, Sweden (I.S.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (S.P.M.)
| | - Suresh N Kumar
- From the Department of Pediatrics (S.M.C., A.G., S. Pooya, M.B., R.R.), OBGYN, Developmental Vascular Biology Program, Children's Research Institute (R.R.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (L.M.H.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (J.L.S.), and Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology (S.N.K.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (V.J.B., X.B., S. Palecek), Morgridge Institute for Research (M.A.H.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Marginalen Bank, Stockholm, Sweden (I.S.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (S.P.M.)
| | - Shama P Mirza
- From the Department of Pediatrics (S.M.C., A.G., S. Pooya, M.B., R.R.), OBGYN, Developmental Vascular Biology Program, Children's Research Institute (R.R.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (L.M.H.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (J.L.S.), and Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology (S.N.K.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (V.J.B., X.B., S. Palecek), Morgridge Institute for Research (M.A.H.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Marginalen Bank, Stockholm, Sweden (I.S.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (S.P.M.)
| | - Sean P Palecek
- From the Department of Pediatrics (S.M.C., A.G., S. Pooya, M.B., R.R.), OBGYN, Developmental Vascular Biology Program, Children's Research Institute (R.R.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (L.M.H.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (J.L.S.), and Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology (S.N.K.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (V.J.B., X.B., S. Palecek), Morgridge Institute for Research (M.A.H.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Marginalen Bank, Stockholm, Sweden (I.S.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (S.P.M.)
| | - Jennifer L Strande
- From the Department of Pediatrics (S.M.C., A.G., S. Pooya, M.B., R.R.), OBGYN, Developmental Vascular Biology Program, Children's Research Institute (R.R.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (L.M.H.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (J.L.S.), and Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology (S.N.K.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (V.J.B., X.B., S. Palecek), Morgridge Institute for Research (M.A.H.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Marginalen Bank, Stockholm, Sweden (I.S.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (S.P.M.)
| | - Ramani Ramchandran
- From the Department of Pediatrics (S.M.C., A.G., S. Pooya, M.B., R.R.), OBGYN, Developmental Vascular Biology Program, Children's Research Institute (R.R.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (L.M.H.), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Cardiovascular Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (J.L.S.), and Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology (S.N.K.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (V.J.B., X.B., S. Palecek), Morgridge Institute for Research (M.A.H.), University of Wisconsin-Madison; Marginalen Bank, Stockholm, Sweden (I.S.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (S.P.M.).
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5
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Pooya S, Liu X, Kumar VBS, Anderson J, Imai F, Zhang W, Ciraolo G, Ratner N, Setchell KDR, Yoshida Y, Yutaka Y, Jankowski MP, Dasgupta B. The tumour suppressor LKB1 regulates myelination through mitochondrial metabolism. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4993. [PMID: 25256100 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A prerequisite to myelination of peripheral axons by Schwann cells (SCs) is SC differentiation, and recent evidence indicates that reprogramming from a glycolytic to oxidative metabolism occurs during cellular differentiation. Whether this reprogramming is essential for SC differentiation, and the genes that regulate this critical metabolic transition are unknown. Here we show that the tumour suppressor Lkb1 is essential for this metabolic transition and myelination of peripheral axons. Hypomyelination in the Lkb1-mutant nerves and muscle atrophy lead to hindlimb dysfunction and peripheral neuropathy. Lkb1-null SCs failed to optimally activate mitochondrial oxidative metabolism during differentiation. This deficit was caused by Lkb1-regulated diminished production of the mitochondrial Krebs cycle substrate citrate, a precursor to cellular lipids. Consequently, myelin lipids were reduced in Lkb1-mutant mice. Restoring citrate partially rescued Lkb1-mutant SC defects. Thus, Lkb1-mediated metabolic shift during SC differentiation increases mitochondrial metabolism and lipogenesis, necessary for normal myelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Pooya
- Department of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
| | - Xiaona Liu
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
| | - V B Sameer Kumar
- Department of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
| | - Jane Anderson
- Department of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
| | - Fumiyasu Imai
- Department of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
| | - Wujuan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
| | - Georgianne Ciraolo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
| | - Nancy Ratner
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
| | - Kenneth D R Setchell
- Department of Pathology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
| | | | - Yoshida Yutaka
- Department of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
| | - Michael P Jankowski
- Department of Anesthesia, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
| | - Biplab Dasgupta
- Department of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
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