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Wang SK, Wang ML, Luo JZ, He GY, Si MS, Zeng M. [The feasibility analysis of multi-slice spiral CT features of gastric stromal tumors in predicting pathological National Institutes of Health risk classification]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 102:954-960. [PMID: 35385968 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20210831-01985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the feasibility of multi-slice spiral CT(MSCT) imaging features of gastric stromal tumor (GST) in predicting pathological NIH risk classification, providing imaging basis for patients with GST before treatment. Methods: The clinical and CT imaging data of 504 patients(506 GST lesions), 259males and 245 females, aged from 13 to 85(60±11) years, with GST confirmed by surgery and pathology collected in the Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University and the Affiliated TCM Hospital of Southwest Medical University. According to pathological NIH risk classification, 506 lesions were divided into low risk group (very low and low risk degree, 277 lesions) and high risk group (medium and high risk degree, 229 lesions).Clinical data and imaging characteristics were compared between two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to screen out independent risk factors for statistically significant imaging indicators. Receiver operating curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the predictive value of tumor length for risk classification. Resulst: Between low risk group and high risk group,there were significant differences in gender(male/female:131/146 vs 129/100), gastrointestinal bleeding(present/absent:39/238 vs 59/170), morphology(regular/Irregular:218/59 vs 95/134), calcification(present/absent:36/241 vs 53/176), degree of necrosis(0°/Ⅰ°/Ⅱ°/Ⅲ°:197/61/16/3 vs 58/98/32/41), ulceration(present/absent:32/245 vs 94/135), growth pattern(endophytic/exophytic/mixed:102/105/70 vs 44/98/87), tumor location(fundus/cardia/body/angle/antrum:98/7/135/12/25 vs 98/6/114/5/6), feeding artery(present/absent:32/245 vs 104/125), vascular enhancement(present/absent:19/258 vs 88/141), effusion of around the disease(present/absent:0/277 vs 13/216), positive sign of fat around the disease(present/absent:0/277 vs 30/199),maximum long diameter[2.82(2.04,3.80) cm vs 5.93(4.06,8.29) cm] and short diameter [2.31(1.60,2.88) cm vs 4.40(3.21,6.37) cm]of tumor(all P<0.05).The maximum long diameter of tumor (OR=2.08,95%CI:1.35-3.20) and ulceration positive(OR=2.01,95%CI:1.03-3.92) were independent risk factors of risk classification(all P<0.05).Gastric antrum was used as the reference for tumor location, gastric fundus(OR=7.77,95%CI:2.00-30.24) and gastric body(OR=3.93,95%CI:1.03-15.01) were independent risk factors of risk classification(all P<0.05).The area under curve(AUC) of the maximum long diameter of tumor for predicting risk classification was 0.87, and the optimal critical value, sensitivity and specificity were 4.98cm, 62.9% and 95.3% respectively. Conclusions: MSCT image features of GST had certain characteristics. MSCT has certain predictive value for pathological NIH risk classification of GST, which can provide certain imaging basis for patients before treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Wang
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated TCM Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - M L Wang
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J Z Luo
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - G Y He
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated TCM Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - M S Si
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated TCM Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Mengsu Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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2
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Wang SK, Zhao SW, Fu XQ, Meng YP, Zhang Y, Luo CR, Zhou YM, Song ZZ. [Roles of detection, surveillance and early warning on outbreaks or epidemics of infectious diseases]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2021; 42:941-947. [PMID: 34814493 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20201020-01251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases are still one of the leading causes of morbidity and death globally, affecting public health and life, social and economic development, and even national security. Early detection focuses on detecting the abnormal information of infectious disease outbreaks or epidemics in a timely and sensitive way to conduct field investigation and verification. It is also a precursor to effective surveillance and early warning system. The effective surveillance and early warning system can fully and accurately understand the real conditions, driving forces, and transmission chain of the occurrence of a specific infectious disease outbreak and epidemic and put forward scientific and effective prevention and control strategies and measures. Due to the measurement of the resources support and the particular data collection value, it is not easy to obtain epidemiological, etiological, and other data information in a timely, complete and accurate manner. This paper summarized the theory and technology on early detection, effective surveillance, and early warning information on infectious diseases. It also integrated and utilized the multi-source data, including effective infectious disease surveillance and the country's early warning system, to better understand the outbreak epidemic, causes, risks, processes, and driving forces. Thus, it is possible to set up a sensitive, specific staging measurement innovative technical system to monitor, early warning, and timely respond to acute infectious diseases through multidisciplinary cooperation in China. It provides the basis for strengthening the surveillance and early warning of new emerging and major infectious diseases and public health emergencies, avoiding the spread of inadequate response to infectious disease, and preventing the resources waste of over-response.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Wang
- Acute Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
| | - S W Zhao
- Acute Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
| | - X Q Fu
- Acute Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
| | - Y P Meng
- School of Public Health, Dali University, Dali 671000, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Acute Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
| | - C R Luo
- Acute Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
| | - Y M Zhou
- Acute Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
| | - Z Z Song
- Acute Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
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Abstract
Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is a rare genetic disorder featured by nonsyndromic pathological overgrowth of gingiva. The excessive gingival tissues can cause dental, masticatory, and phonetic problems, which impose severe functional and esthetic burdens on affected individuals. Due to its high recurrent rate, patients with HGF have to undergo repeated surgical procedures of gingival resection, from childhood to adulthood, which significantly compromises their quality of life. Unraveling the genetic etiology and molecular pathogenesis of HGF not only gains insight into gingival physiology and homeostasis but also opens avenues for developing potential therapeutic strategies for this disorder. Recently, mutations in REST (OMIM *600571), encoding a transcription repressor, were reported to cause HGF (GINGF5; OMIM #617626) in 3 Turkish families. However, the functions of REST in gingival homeostasis and pathogenesis of REST-associated HGF remain largely unknown. In this study, we characterized 2 HGF families and identified 2 novel REST mutations, c.2449C>T (p.Arg817*) and c.2771_2793dup (p.Glu932Lysfs*3). All 5 mutations reported to date are nonsenses or frameshifts in the last exon of REST and would presumably truncate the protein. In vitro reporter gene assays demonstrated a partial or complete loss of repressor activity for these truncated RESTs. When coexpressed with the full-length protein, the truncated RESTs impaired the repressive ability of wild-type REST, suggesting a dominant negative effect. Immunofluorescent studies showed nuclear localization of overexpressed wild-type and truncated RESTs in vitro, indicating preservation of the nuclear localization signal in shortened proteins. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated a comparable pattern of ubiquitous REST expression in both epithelium and lamina propria of normal and HGF gingival tissues despite a reduced reactivity in HGF gingiva. Results of this study confirm the pathogenicity of REST truncation mutations occurring in the last exon causing HGF and suggest the pathosis is caused by an antimorphic (dominant negative) disease mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, National Taiwan University School of Dentistry, Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - C H Lin
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University School of Dentistry, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - H W Huang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Y P Wang
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University School of Dentistry, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - P C Kao
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University School of Dentistry, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - T P Yang
- Dr. Lawrence Dental Clinic, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - S K Wang
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University School of Dentistry, Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
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Abstract
Autosomal dominant hypocalcified amelogenesis imperfecta (ADHCAI; OMIM #130900) is a genetic disorder exhibiting severe hardness defects and reduced fracture toughness of dental enamel. While the condition is nonsyndromic, it can be associated with other craniofacial anomalies, such as malocclusions and delayed or failed tooth eruption. Truncation mutations in FAM83H (OMIM *611927) are hitherto the sole cause of ADHCAI. With human genetic studies, Fam83h knockout and mutation-knock-in mouse models indicated that FAM83H does not serve a critical physiologic function during enamel formation and suggested a neomorphic mutation mechanism causing ADHCAI. The function of FAM83H remains obscure. FAM83H has been shown to interact with various isoforms of casein kinase 1 (CK1) and keratins and to mediate organization of keratin cytoskeletons and desmosomes. By considering FAM83H a scaffold protein to anchor CK1s, further molecular characterization of the protein could gain insight into its functions. In this study, we characterized 9 kindreds with ADHCAI and identified 3 novel FAM83H truncation mutations: p.His437*, p.Gln459*, and p.Glu610*. Some affected individuals exhibited hypoplastic phenotypes, in addition to the characteristic hypocalcification enamel defects, which have never been well documented. Failed eruption of canines or second molars in affected persons was observed in 4 of the families. The p.Glu610* mutation was located in a gap area (amino acids 470 to 625) within the zone of previously reported pathogenic variants (amino acids 287 to 694). In vitro pull-down studies with overexpressed FAM83H proteins in HEK293 cells demonstrated an interaction between FAM83H and SEC16A, a protein component of the COP II complex at endoplasmic reticulum exit sites. The interaction was mediated by the middle part (amino acids 287 to 657) of mouse FAM83H protein. Results of this study significantly extended the phenotypic and genotypic spectrums of FAM83H-associated ADHCAI and suggested a role for FAM83H in endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi vesicle trafficking and protein secretion (dbGaP phs001491.v1.p1).
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Wang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Jhongjheng District, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - H Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - C Y Hu
- Department of Prosthodontics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Jhongjheng District, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - J F Liu
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Stomatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Xitun District, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - S Chadha
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - J W Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J P Simmer
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - J C C Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Ren CD, Lu WT, Zhou BH, Li YF, Li DY, Wang SK, Tian HY. Controllable valley filter in graphene topological line defect with magnetic field. J Phys Condens Matter 2020; 32:365302. [PMID: 32353831 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab8ec9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The extended line defect of graphene is an extraordinary candidate in valleytronics while the high valley polarization can only occur for electrons with high incidence angles which brings about tremendous challenges to experimental realization. In this paper, we propose a novel quantum mechanism to filter one conical valley state in the line defect of graphene by applying a local magnetic field. It is found that due to the movement of the Dirac points, the transmission profiles of the two valleys are shifted along the injection-angle axis at the same pace, resulting in the peak transmission of one valley state being reduced drastically while remaining unaffected for the other valley state, which induces nearly perfect valley polarization. The valley polarization effect can occur for all the incident angle and plays a key role in graphene valleytronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D Ren
- Department of Physics, Zunyi Normal College, Zunyi 563002, People's Republic of China
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Chiu CY, Ling XH, Wang SK, Duh CY. Ubiquitin-Proteasome Modulating Dolabellanes and Secosteroids from Soft Coral Clavularia flava. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18010039. [PMID: 31947850 PMCID: PMC7024272 DOI: 10.3390/md18010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed a high-content screening (HCS) assay aiming to discover bioactive molecules with proteasome inhibitory activity. By structural elucidation, we identified six compounds purified from soft coral Clavularia flava, which potentiates proteasome inhibition. Chemical structure elucidation revealed they are dolabellane- and secosteroid-based compounds including a new dolabellane, clavinflol C (1), three known dolabellanes, stolonidiol (2), stolonidiol-17-acetate (3), and clavinflol B (4) as well as two new secosteroids, 3β,11-dihydroxy-24-methyl-9,11-secocholest-5-en-9,23-dione (5) and 3β,11-dihydroxy-24-methylene-9,11-secocholest-5-en-9,23-dione (6). All six compounds show less cytotoxicity than those of known proteasome inhibitors, bortezomib and MG132. In summary, the high-content measurements of control inhibitors, bortezomib and MG132, manifest the highest ratio >2 in high-content measurement. Of the isolated compounds, 2 and 5 showed higher activity, followed by 3 and 6, and then 1 and 4 exhibited moderate inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Yen Chiu
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80441, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (X.-H.L.)
| | - Xue-Hua Ling
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80441, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (X.-H.L.)
| | - Shang-Kwei Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-K.W.); (C.-Y.D.); Tel.: +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2150-23) (S.-K.W.); +886-7-525-2000 (ext. 5036) (C.-Y.D.)
| | - Chang-Yih Duh
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80441, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (X.-H.L.)
- Correspondence: (S.-K.W.); (C.-Y.D.); Tel.: +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2150-23) (S.-K.W.); +886-7-525-2000 (ext. 5036) (C.-Y.D.)
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Uerlings J, Song ZG, Hu XY, Wang SK, Lin H, Buyse J, Everaert N. Heat exposure affects jejunal tight junction remodeling independently of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase in 9-day-old broiler chicks. Poult Sci 2018; 97:3681-3690. [PMID: 29901744 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of the intestinal epithelial barrier under elevated temperatures is assumed to prompt pathological conditions and to eventually impede chickens' growth, resulting in massive economic losses in broiler industries. The aims of this research were to determine the impact of acute heat stress on the intestinal tight junction network of broiler chicks (Gallus domesticus L.) and to elucidate whether adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was involved in the integrated response of the broiler's gastrointestinal tract to heat stress. A total of 80 9-day-old Arbor Acres chicks were subjected to temperature treatment (thermoneutral versus heat stress) and AMPK inhibition treatment (5 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneal injection of compound C vs. sham treatment) for 72 h. In addition to monitoring growth performance, the mRNA and protein levels of key tight junction proteins, target components of the AMPK pathway, and biomarkers of intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress were assessed in the jejunum under both stressors at 24 and 72 h. An increase of the major tight junction proteins, claudin-1 and zonula occludens-1, was implemented in response to an exacerbated expression of the AMP-activated protein kinase. Heat stress did not affect zootechnical performance but was confirmed by an increased gene expression of heat shock proteins 70 and 90 as well as heat shock factor-1. In addition, hyperthermia induced significant effects on tight junction proteins, although it was independent of AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Uerlings
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, P. R. China.,Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liege, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - Z G Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
| | - X Y Hu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
| | - S K Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
| | - H Lin
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
| | - Johan Buyse
- Laboratory of Livestock Physiology, Division of Animal and Human Health, KU Leuven, Heverlee 3001, Belgium
| | - N Everaert
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liege, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
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Zuo SW, Ni ZL, Yao YB, Yang RS, Wang SK, Zhou YH. [Study on antimicrobial susceptibility of Brucella in a city]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2018; 35:939-941. [PMID: 29495161 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility of Brucella and to provide a scientific basis for rational drug use and effective treatment of patients with brucellosis. Methods: A total of 41 Brucella strains were isolated from the blood of patients with brucellosis in 5 counties and 2 districts in Yuxi City, China from 2014 to 2016. The susceptibility to 23 antimicrobial drugs was tested using Kirby-Bauer (K-B) disk diffusion method and the sizes of antimicrobial rings were recorded. The susceptibility testing results were interpreted according to the Drug Susceptibility Testing Guideline (2009 version) . Results: The susceptibility rate of Brucella was 100.00% to ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and amikacin and >90% to cefotaxime, cefepime, imipenem, doxycycline, cefoperazone, minocycline, tobramycin, rifampicin, cefoperazone/sulbactam, and chloramphenicol. The high resistance to aztreonam and ampicillin was observed (87.80% and 41.46%). Doxycycline-intermediate strains, rifampicin-intermediate strains, and rifampicin-resistant strains were identified. Conclusion: Doxycycline and rifampicin are commonly used in the treatment of brucellosis, but doxycycline/rifampicin-intermediate and-resistant strains have been identified. The susceptibility of Brucella to fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins was high, so the two drugs can be considered in the treatment of brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Zuo
- Yuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yuxi 653100, China
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Lee YS, Duh TH, Siao SS, Chang RC, Wang SK, Duh CY. New Cytotoxic Terpenoids from Soft Corals Nephthea chabroli and Paralemnalia thyrsoides. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15120392. [PMID: 29257046 PMCID: PMC5742852 DOI: 10.3390/md15120392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel cytotoxic diterpenoid, chabrolin A (1) (possessing an unprecedented terpenoid skeleton), as well as three new cytotoxic sesquiterpenoids, parathyrsoidins E-G (2-4), were isolated by cytotoxicity-guided fractionation from soft corals Nephtheachabroli and Paralemnalia thyrsoides. The structures of the new compounds were determined by extensive analysis of spectroscopic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Lee
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
| | - Tsai-Hui Duh
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Sheng Siao
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
| | - Rey-Chang Chang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan.
| | - Shang-Kwei Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Chang-Yih Duh
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
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Wang SK, Wang ZG, Zhang XH, Yang B, Wu Q, Kan B, Zhou YH, Yang RS, Yan MY. [An outbreak of paratyphoid fever in a county of Yunnan province, 2010-2011]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2017; 38:200-204. [PMID: 28231666 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2017.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To identify the source and to comment on control program regarding an outbreak of paratyphoid A fever in a county, through field studies. Methods: Descriptive epidemiological methods were adopted to describe the epidemiological characteristics of the outbreak, which occurred in Yuanjiang county, Yunan province between 2010-2011, China. Case-control study with environmental investigation was performed to identify related risk factors and pathogens while isolation and susceptibility on the suspected pathogens were conducted. Subsequently, intervention and preventive measures were taken for the control of the outbreak. Results: A total of 600 cases were diagnosed and reported as paratyphoid fever A which spread over the whole Yuanjiang county, including 10 townships with different incidence rates. The disease was spatially clustered and the prevalence rates in these townships decreased with increasing distances from the polluted fields. Data from the case-control study discovered that consumption of raw vegetables was the main risk factor associated with this outbreak of paratyphoid fever (OR=65.3, P<0.001). Management of patients did not meet the requirements while feces and urine of the outpatients polluted the wastewater system in the city. Salmonella paratyphi A isolates were identified from the improperly disinfected wastewaters in hospitals and city systems, respectively. After the measures as prohibiting the planting of vegetables in contaminated fields and disinfection of hospital wastewater were taken, the outbreak subsided. Conclusions: Urban and hospital wastewater used for vegetables irrigation together with the tradition of eating uncooked vegetables seemed responsible for the outbreak of this paratyphoid fever. Intervention programs carried by the local government played a key role in controlling this large outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Wang
- Division of Infectious Disease Control, Yuxi City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yuxi 653100, China
| | - Z G Wang
- Division of Infectious Disease Control, Yuanjiang Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yuanjiang 653300, China
| | - X H Zhang
- Division of Infectious Disease Control, Yuanjiang Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yuanjiang 653300, China
| | - B Yang
- Division of Diarrheal Disease, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Q Wu
- Division of Infectious Disease Control, Yuxi City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yuxi 653100, China
| | - B Kan
- Division of Diarrheal Disease, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Y H Zhou
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Yuanjiang Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yuanjiang 653300, China
| | - R S Yang
- Division of Infectious Disease Control, Yuxi City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yuxi 653100, China
| | - M Y Yan
- Division of Diarrheal Disease, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
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Cheng SY, Wang SK, Ou YH, Duh CY. Mollisolactones A and B, novel dinormonoterpenes from the soft coral Sinularia mollis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:879-881. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.12.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Hu LY, Zhang NZ, Gao Q, Chen J, Wen FL, Wang SK, Zhu XQ. Sequence variation and bioinformatics analysis of Toxoplasma gondii GRA16 Gene. Trop Biomed 2015; 32:557-562. [PMID: 26695219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is caused by the intracellular protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. It is anopportunistic zoonosis in warm-blooded animals and humans, with a worldwide distribution. Toxoplasma gondii dense granule protein 16 (TgGRA16) can modulate some functions in host cells and is considered a significant virulent factor of the parasite. The present study reports sequence variation in TgGRA16 gene among T. gondii strains from different hosts and geographical locations, and the construction of phylogenetic relationships of these T. gondii strains based on sequences of TgGRA16, and analysis of B cell epitopes in TgGRA16. Our results showed that all TgGRA16 gene sequences were 1518 bp and the C+G contents ranged from 52.17% to 52.59%. Sequence variation in the TgGRA16 gene was 0-1.51%. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that TgGRA16 gene sequence could not be used to differentiate the different T. gondii genotypes. Six B cell epitopes were predicted in TgGRA16. These results indicated that TgGRA16 gene is not an ideal marker for studying genetic relationships of T. gondii isolates, but may represent a good vaccine candidate against toxoplasmosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Hu
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350002, China
| | - N Z Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, PR China
| | - Q Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, PR China
| | - J Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, PR China
| | - F L Wen
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350002, China
| | - S K Wang
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350002, China
| | - X Q Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, PR China
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Cheng SY, Wang SK, Chen PW, Duh CY. Sandensone A, a novel sesquiterpenoid from the Formosan soft coral Sinularia sandensis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:2353-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wang SK, Jiang MJ, Lin SR, Chen MY, Wang HH, Duh CY. Calpains mediate the proteolytic modification of human cytomegalovirus UL112-113 proteins. J Gen Virol 2015; 96:1115-1126. [DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.000040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Kwei Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Meei Jyh Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Rung Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yin Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Hsueh Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Yih Duh
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Cheng SY, Wang SK, Hsieh MK, Duh CY. Polyoxygenated cembrane diterpenoids from the soft coral Sarcophyton ehrenbergi. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:6140-52. [PMID: 25789502 PMCID: PMC4394524 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16036140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Five new polyoxygenated cembranoids, named (+)-1,15-epoxy-2-methoxy-12-methoxycarbonyl-11E-sarcophytoxide (1), (+)-2-epi-12-methoxycarbonyl-11E-sarcophine (2), 3,4-epoxyehrenberoxide A (3), ehrenbergol D (4) and ehrenbergol E (5), were obtained from the soft coral Sarcophyton ehrenbergi. The structures of 1–5 were established on the basis of comprehensive NMR and HR-ESI-MS analyses and by comparison with reported data in the literature. Compounds 4 and 5 showed moderate cytotoxicity against P-388 (mouse lymphocytic leukemia) cancer cell line with EC50 values of 2.0 and 3.0 μM, respectively. Compound 2 exhibited slight antiviral activity against HCMV (human cytomegalovirus) with IC50 values of 25.0 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yie Cheng
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan.
| | - Shang-Kwei Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Mu-Keng Hsieh
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
| | - Chang-Yih Duh
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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Cheng SY, Wang SK, Duh CY. Secocrassumol, a seco-cembranoid from the Dongsha Atoll soft coral Lobophytum crassum. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:6028-37. [PMID: 25522315 PMCID: PMC4278217 DOI: 10.3390/md12126028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical investigations on the Dongsha Atoll soft coral Lobophytum crassum led to the purification of a new seco-cembranoid, secocrassumol. The structural elucidation was established by extensive NMR, HRESIMS and CD data. The absolute configuration at C-12 was determined as S using a modified Mosher's acylation. Secocrassumol differs from previously known marine seco-cembranoid in that it possesses an unprecedented skeleton functionalized at C11-C12 bond cleavage. Secocrassumol showed antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) with an IC50 value of 5.0 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yie Cheng
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan.
| | - Shang-Kwei Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Chang-Yih Duh
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
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Cheng SY, Shih NL, Chuang CT, Chiou SF, Yang CN, Wang SK, Duh CY. Sinugyrosanolide A, an unprecedented C-4 norcembranoid, from the Formosan soft coral Sinularia gyrosa. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:1562-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.01.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Wang SK, Reid BM, Dugan SL, Roggenbuck JA, Read L, Aref P, Taheri APH, Yeganeh MZ, Simmer JP, Hu JCC. FAM20A mutations associated with enamel renal syndrome. J Dent Res 2013; 93:42-8. [PMID: 24196488 DOI: 10.1177/0022034513512653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We identified two families with an autosomal-recessive disorder manifested by severe enamel hypoplasia, delayed and failed tooth eruption, misshapen teeth, intrapulpal calcifications, and localized gingival hyperplasia. Genetic analyses identified novel FAM20A mutations associated with the disease phenotype in both families. The proband of Family 1 had an altered splice junction in Intron 1 (g.502011G>C; c.405-1G>C) and a missense mutation in Exon 8 (g.65094G>A; c.1207G>A; p.D403N). The missense mutation is notable because D(403) is strictly conserved among FAM20A homologues, and the corresponding defect in FAM20C caused osteosclerotic bone dysplasia and a loss of kinase activity. The proband at age 12 yrs tested negative for nephrocalcinosis. The proband and her affected father in Family 2 were homozygous for a single nucleotide deletion that altered a splice junction in Intron 10 (g.66622del; c.1361+4del). Minigene analyses demonstrated that this alteration precluded normal splicing. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of mouse maxillary first molars localized FAM20A in secretory-stage ameloblasts, in odontoblasts, and in the eruption pathway. IHC of kidneys localized FAM20A in the renal tubules. We conclude that FAM20A is likely a secretory pathway kinase and that loss-of-function mutations cause pathology where its phosphorylations are necessary for normal development or homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Wang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1210 Eisenhower Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to compare volume change in grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) in a group of subjects with anosmia and a healthy control group. We tried to find a regular pattern of atrophy within and between GM and WM and to determine whether any particular areas are more sensitive to olfactory injury. METHODS There were 19 anosmic patients and 20 age- and sex-matched control subjects. We acquired MR images on a 3-T scanner and performed voxel-based morphometry using the VBM8 toolbox and SPM8 in a MATLAB® (MathWorks®, Natick, MA) environment. RESULTS Patients with anosmia showed a significant decrease in GM volume, mainly in the anterior cingulate cortex, middle temporal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, fusiform gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, middle occipital gyrus, anterior insular cortex and cerebellum. In addition, we observed volume decreases in smaller areas such as the piriform cortex, the inferior temporal gyrus, the precuneus and the subcallosal gyrus. All WM areas with atrophy were near those GM areas that experienced volume loss. There was more volume atrophy in GM areas corresponding to WM areas with more volume loss. Atrophy increased with disease duration. CONCLUSION There is simultaneous atrophy in GM and WM, and the degree of atrophy is greater with longer disease duration. Different GM and WM areas have different sensitivities to olfactory injury. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE This study examines the atrophy pattern in and between GM and WM-a subject that has not been widely researched previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Peng
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Wu YC, Hsieh PW, Duh CY, Wang SK, Soong K, Fang LS. Studies on the Formosan Soft Corals I-Cytotoxic Cembrane Diterpenes fromSarcophyton Trocheliophorum. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.199200062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Tseng YJ, Wang SK, Duh CY. Secosteroids and norcembranoids from the soft coral Sinularia nanolobata. Mar Drugs 2013; 11:3288-96. [PMID: 23985899 PMCID: PMC3801121 DOI: 10.3390/md11093288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new 9,11-secosteroids, 22α-acetoxy-24-methylene-3β,6α,11-trihydroxy-9,11-seco-cholest-7-en-9-one (1) and 11-acetoxy-24-methylene-1β,3β,6α-trihydroxy-9,11-seco-cholest-7-en-9-one (2), as well as two known norcembranoids, 5-epi-sinuleptolide (3) and sinuleptolide (4), were isolated from the soft coral Sinularia nanolobata. The structures of these metabolites were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis. The anti-HCMV (human cytomegalovirus) activity of 1–4 and its cytotoxicity against selected cell lines were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Ju Tseng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Shang-Kwei Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (S.-K.W.); (C.-Y.D.); Tel.: +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2150) (S.-K.W.); +886-7-525-2000 (ext. 5036) (C.-Y.D.); Fax: +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2151) (S.-K.W.); +886-7-525-5020 (C.-Y.D.)
| | - Chang-Yih Duh
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; E-Mail:
- Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (S.-K.W.); (C.-Y.D.); Tel.: +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2150) (S.-K.W.); +886-7-525-2000 (ext. 5036) (C.-Y.D.); Fax: +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2151) (S.-K.W.); +886-7-525-5020 (C.-Y.D.)
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Abstract
A new cytotoxic 19-oxygenated steroid, nebrosteroid Q (1) and two new cytotoxic 19-norergosterols, nebrosteroids R and S (2 and 3) were isolated from the soft coral Nephthea chabrolii collected at San-Hsian-Tai. The structures of nebrosteroids Q–S (1–3) were elucidated by spectral analysis, and their cytotoxicity against selected cancer cells as well as antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) were measured in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Kwei Wang
- Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; E-Mail:
- Department of Microbiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Yueh Puu
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Chang-Yih Duh
- Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; E-Mail:
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +886-7-525-2000 (ext. 5036); Fax: +886-7-525-5020
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Abstract
Six new cembranolides, michaolides L–Q (1–6), and a known cembranolide, lobomichaolide (7) were isolated from the CH2Cl2 extract of the soft coral Lobophytum michaelae. Their structures were established by extensive spectral analysis. The anti-HCMV (human cytomegalovirus) activity of 1–7 and their cytotoxicity against selected cell lines were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Kwei Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Chang-Yih Duh
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +886-7-525-2000 (ext. 5036); Fax: +886-7-525-5020
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Lin ST, Wang SK, Duh CY. Cembranoids from the Dongsha Atoll soft coral Lobophytum crassum. Mar Drugs 2011; 9:2705-2716. [PMID: 22363246 PMCID: PMC3280576 DOI: 10.3390/md9122705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Revised: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical investigation of the Dongsha Atoll soft coral Lobophytum crassum has afforded four new cembranoids, crassumols A-C (1-3) and 13-acetoxysarcophytoxide (4). The structures of these isolated compounds were elucidated by extensive NMR and HRESIMS experiments. The cytotoxicity and anti-HCMV (Human cytomegalovirus) activities of 1-4 were evaluated in vitro. Compound 4 exhibited cytotoxicity against A-549 (human lung carcinoma) cell line with an ED(50) of 3.6 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Tseng Lin
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan;
| | - Shang-Kwei Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; (S.-K.W.); (C.-Y.D.); Tel.: +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2150) (S.-K.W.); +886-7-525-2000 (ext. 5036) (C.-Y.D.); Fax: +886-7-525-5020 (C.-Y.D.)
| | - Chang-Yih Duh
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan;
- Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; (S.-K.W.); (C.-Y.D.); Tel.: +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2150) (S.-K.W.); +886-7-525-2000 (ext. 5036) (C.-Y.D.); Fax: +886-7-525-5020 (C.-Y.D.)
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Abstract
In previous studies on the secondary metabolites of the Taiwanese octocoral Isis hippuris, specimens have always been collected at Green Island. In the course of our studies on bioactive compounds from marine organisms, the acetone-solubles of the Taiwanese octocoral I. hippuris collected at Orchid Island have led to the isolation of five new polyoxygenated steroids: hipposterone M–O (1–3), hipposterol G (4) and hippuristeroketal A (5). The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of their spectroscopic and physical data. The anti-HCMV (human cytomegalovirus) activity of 1–5 and their cytotoxicity against selected cell lines were evaluated. Compound 2 exhibited inhibitory activity against HCMV, with an EC50 value of 6.0 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hua Chen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Shang-Kwei Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (C.-Y.D.); (S.-K.W.); Tel.: +886-7-525-2000 (ext. 5036) (C.-Y.D.); +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2150) (S.-K.W.); Fax: +886-7-525-5020 (C.-Y.D.)
| | - Chang-Yih Duh
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; E-Mail:
- Centers for Asia-Pacific Ocean Research and Translational Biopharmaceuticals, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (C.-Y.D.); (S.-K.W.); Tel.: +886-7-525-2000 (ext. 5036) (C.-Y.D.); +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2150) (S.-K.W.); Fax: +886-7-525-5020 (C.-Y.D.)
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Lu CK, Wang SK, Duh CY. New Pregnane Steroids from Formosan Red AlgaCeratodictyon spongiosumand Symbiotic SpongeSigmadocia symbiotica. BCSJ 2011. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20110100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Cheng SY, Chuang CT, Wang SK, Wen ZH, Chiou SF, Hsu CH, Dai CF, Duh CY. Antiviral and anti-inflammatory diterpenoids from the soft coral Sinularia gyrosa. J Nat Prod 2010; 73:1184-1187. [PMID: 20499851 DOI: 10.1021/np100185a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Chemical investigation of the soft coral Sinularia gyrosa led to the purification of three new diterpenoids, designated as gyrosanols A-C (1-3). The structures of 1-3 were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic analyses. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited antiviral activity against HCMV with IC(50)'s of 2.6 and 3.7 microM, respectively. In addition, compounds 1 and 2 showed significant anti-inflammatory activity by reducing the levels of the COX-2 protein (19.6 + or - 3.9% and 29.1 + or - 9.6%, respectively) in RAW 264.7 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yie Cheng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Cheng SY, Huang KJ, Wang SK, Wen ZH, Chen PW, Duh CY. Antiviral and anti-inflammatory metabolites from the soft coral Sinularia capillosa. J Nat Prod 2010; 73:771-775. [PMID: 20155971 DOI: 10.1021/np9008078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Chemical investigations of the soft coral Sinularia capillosa resulted in the isolation of one new tetraprenylbenzoquinone, capilloquinone (1), two new furanobenzosesquiterpenoids, capillobenzopyranol (2) and capillobenzofuranol (3), one new furanosesquiterpenoid, capillofuranocarboxylate (4), and five previously characterized metabolites, comprising (E)-5-(2,6-dimethylocta-5,7-dienyl)furan-3-carboxylic acid (5), 2-[(2E,6E)-3,7-dimethyl-8-(4-methylfuran-2-yl)octa-2,6-dienyl]-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (6), 2-[(2E,6E)-3,7-dimethyl-8-(4-methylfuran-2-yl)octa-2,6-dienyl]-5-methylbenzene-1,4-diol (7), (-)-loliolide (8), and 3,4,11-trimethyl-7-methylenebicyclo[6.3.0]undec-2-en-11alpha-ol (9). The structures of 1-4 were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic analysis. The cytotoxicity, anti-HCMV (human cytomegalovirus) activity, antibacterial activity, and anti-inflammatory effects of 1-9 were evaluated in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yie Cheng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Cheng SY, Chuang CT, Wen ZH, Wang SK, Chiou SF, Hsu CH, Dai CF, Duh CY. Bioactive norditerpenoids from the soft coral Sinularia gyrosa. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:3379-86. [PMID: 20430633 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2010] [Revised: 04/01/2010] [Accepted: 04/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Chemical investigations of the soft coral Sinularia gyrosa resulted in the isolation of six new norcembranolides, gyrosanolides A-F (1-6), a new norcembrane, gyrosanin A (7), and 11 known norditerpenoids 8-18. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic data and by comparison with reported data in the literature. Compounds 1-3, 7-9, 12, and 13 at concentration of 10microM did not inhibit the COX-2 protein expression, but significantly reduced the levels of the iNOS protein (55.2+/-14.6%, 18.6+/-6.7%, 10.6+/-4.6%, 66.9+/-5.2%, 10.2+/-5.1%, 17.4+/-7.2%, 47.2+/-11.9%, and 56.3+/-5.1%, respectively) by LPS stimulation. Compound 8 showed significant antiviral activity against HCMV (human cytomegalovirus) cells with an IC(50) of 1.9microg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yie Cheng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
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Wang SK, Chu CJ, Shan DS, Sun PS, Wu Q. Yields from blood cultures of patients with suspected paratyphoid fever A. Braz J Microbiol 2010; 41:283-5. [PMID: 24031492 PMCID: PMC3768684 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822010000200003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2008] [Revised: 05/06/2008] [Accepted: 11/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The yield and speed of detection of Salmonella enterica serotype Paratyphi A from the blood of patients with suspected paratyphoid fever A in 13 500 paired aerobic and anaerobic bottles (AEB, ANB) that were each filled with 5 ml of blood by the BacT/ALERT 3D system were compared, and the blood bacterial counts of 1 000 probable patients were estimated by pour plate method. A total of 4 060 isolates were recovered, of these, 3 149 were recovered from both AEB and ANB, 461 from the AEB only, and 450 from the ANB only. The estimating median bacterial count in blood from 400 patients was 0.5 CFU/ml. The research findings demonstrate that the blood volume drawn is an important factor determining the yields from blood cultures. Growth of significantly more isolates was detected earlier in AEB.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Wang
- College of Life Science, Yunnan University , Kunming 650091, Yunnan , China ; Center for Disease Control and prevention of Yuxi city , Yuxi 653100 , China
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Abstract
Chemical investigation of the octocoral Sarcophyton ehrenbergi led to the isolation of six new cembranoids, (+)-12-carboxy-11Z-sarcophytoxide (1), (+)-12-methoxycarbonyl-11Z-sarcophine (3), ehrenberoxides A-C (4-6), and lobophynin C (2), along with two known compounds, (+)-sarcophytoxide (7) and (+)-sarcophine (8). The structures of these isolated metabolites were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic analyses, while the relative configuration of 1 was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analyses. The chemical evidence combined with spectroscopic and physical data suggested that the locations of the epoxide and the methyl carboxylate for lobophynin C should be exchanged. Moreover, metabolites 1-6 were evaluated in vitro for their cytotoxicity against selected cancer and normal cells lines, antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus, and antibacterial activity against Salmonella enteritidis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yie Cheng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Wang SK, Hu CH, Lu MC, Duh CY, Liao PC, Tyan YC. Novel virus-associated proteins encoded by UL112–113 of human cytomegalovirus. J Gen Virol 2009; 90:2840-2848. [DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.013037-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that the products of the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) UL112–113 genes are involved in viral DNA replication during lytic infection. A polyclonal antibody was raised against the UL112 open reading frame (ORF) to characterize its function in detail. Immunoblots utilizing the UL112 antibody identified seven distinct protein bands (p20, p26, p28, p34, p43, p50 and p84) expressed during the HCMV infectious cycle. After screening a cDNA library constructed from cells 72 h after infection with HCMV, only four different cDNA protein-producing constructs were obtained, and their ORFs corresponded to p34, p43, p50 and p84. The proteins p20, p26 and p28 were further shown to be selectively included within mature HCMV particles, virions, non-infectious enveloped particles and dense bodies. Immunoaffinity protein purification was used to prepare the samples for liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. This analysis revealed that p20, p26 and p28 were derived from the UL112 ORF, most likely through post-translational proteolytic cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Kwei Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Hui Hu
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Miao-Chan Lu
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chang-Yih Duh
- Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Road, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pao-Chi Liao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan 704, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Chang Tyan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan 704, Taiwan, ROC
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Abstract
Background Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is known to induce chromosome aberrations in infected cells, which can lead to congenital abnormalities in infected fetuses. HCMV UL76 belongs to a conserved protein family from herpesviruses. Some reported roles among UL76 family members include involvement in virulence determination, lytic replication, reactivation of latent virus, modulation of gene expression, induction of apoptosis, and perturbation of cell cycle progression, as well as potential nuclease activity. Previously, we have shown that stable expression of UL76 inhibits HCMV replication in glioblastoma cells. Methods To examine chromosomal integrity and the DNA damage signal γ-H2AX in cells constitutively expressing UL76, immunofluorescent cell staining and Western blotting were performed. The comet assay was employed to assess DNA breaks in cells transiently expressing UL76. Results We report that stably transfected cells expressing UL76 developed chromosome aberrations including micronuclei and misaligned chromosomes, lagging and bridging. In mitotic cells expressing UL76, aberrant spindles were increased compared to control cells. However, cells with supernumerary centrosomes were marginally increased in UL76-expressing cells relative to control cells. We further demonstrated that UL76-expressing cells activated the DNA damage signal γ-H2AX and caused foci formation in nuclei. In addition, the number of cells with DNA breaks increased in proportion to UL76 protein levels. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the virus-associated protein UL76 induces DNA damage and the accumulation of chromosome aberrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Voon-Kwan Siew
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
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36
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Abstract
Chemical investigations on the organic extract of the Formosan soft coral Nephthea erecta led to the isolation of two new eudesmanoids, (4R*,5S*,6Z,10R*)-8-oxo-eudesm-6-en-5alpha,11-diol (1) and (6E,10R)-4,5-dioxo-11-methoxy-eudesm-6-ene (2), together with one new tri-nor-eudesmane sesquiterpenoid, (4S*,5E,10R*)-7-oxo-tri-nor-eudesm-5-en-4beta-ol (3). The structures of metabolites 1-3 were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic analyses and by comparison with those reported in the literature. The anti-inflammatory activity using RAW 264.7 macrophages and their cytotoxicity against selected cancer cells of 1-3 were evaluated in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yie Cheng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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37
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Cheng SY, Huang KJ, Wang SK, Wen ZH, Hsu CH, Dai CF, Duh CY. New Terpenoids from the Soft Corals Sinularia capillosa and Nephthea chabroli. Org Lett 2009; 11:4830-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol901864d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yie Cheng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Department of Microbiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, and Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ki-Jhih Huang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Department of Microbiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, and Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Kwei Wang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Department of Microbiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, and Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Horng Wen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Department of Microbiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, and Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsin Hsu
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Department of Microbiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, and Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Feng Dai
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Department of Microbiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, and Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Yih Duh
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Department of Microbiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, and Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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38
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Abstract
Lobocrasol (1), possessing an unprecedented diterpenoid skeleton, was isolated from the soft coral Lobophytum crassum. The structure of lobocrasol was established by extensive analysis of spectroscopic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Tseng Lin
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
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Cheng SY, Huang YC, Wen ZH, Hsu CH, Wang SK, Dai CF, Duh CY. New 19-oxygenated and 4-methylated steroids from the Formosan soft coral Nephthea chabroli. Steroids 2009; 74:543-7. [PMID: 19428443 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2009.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2009] [Revised: 02/10/2009] [Accepted: 02/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chemical investigation of the Formosan soft coral Nephthea chabroli resulted in the isolation of four new 19-oxygenated steroids, nebrosteroids I-L (1-4), together with a new 4alpha-methylated steroid, nebrosteroid M (5). The molecular structures of these isolated metabolites were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis and by comparison of the data with those of related metabolites. Compounds 1-5 were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity using RAW 264.7 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yie Cheng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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40
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Cheng SY, Wen ZH, Wang SK, Chiou SF, Hsu CH, Dai CF, Duh CY. Anti-inflammatory cembranolides from the soft coral Lobophytum durum. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:3763-9. [PMID: 19433363 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2009] [Revised: 04/23/2009] [Accepted: 04/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chemical investigation of the soft coral Lobophytum durum resulted in the isolation of seven new cembranolides, durumolides F-L (1-7), as well as one previously characterized cembranolides, sinularolide D (8). The molecular structures of these isolated metabolites were determined mainly through NMR techniques and HRESIMS analysis. Moreover, the absolute configurations of 1 and 5 were established by application of modified Mosher's method. The antibacterial activities, anti-inflammatory effects, and anti-HCMV (Human cytomegalovirus) endonuclease activity of metabolites 1-8 were also evaluated in vitro. Anti-inflammatory activity of metabolites 1 and 6 (10 microM) significantly reduced the levels of the iNOS protein to 0.8+/-0.6% and 5.7+/-2.2%, respectively, and COX-2 protein to 47.8+/-9.0% and 71.6+/-5.8%, respectively. Metabolites 1-8 (100 microg/disk) exhibited weak antibacterial activity against Salmonella enteritidis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yie Cheng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
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41
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Cheng SY, Wen ZH, Wang SK, Chiou SF, Hsu CH, Dai CF, Chiang MY, Duh CY. Unprecedented hemiketal cembranolides with anti-inflammatory activity from the soft coral Lobophytum durum. J Nat Prod 2009; 72:152-155. [PMID: 19177635 DOI: 10.1021/np800686k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Chemical investigations of the soft coral Lobophytum durum have led to the isolation of three unprecedented hemiketal cembranolides, durumhemiketalolides A-C (1-3). Full NMR spectroscopic assignments are provided for all isolated metabolites. The anti-inflammatory activities of 1-3 were evaluated in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yie Cheng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen UniVersity, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan, Republic of China
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42
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Huang YC, Wen ZH, Wang SK, Hsu CH, Duh CY. New anti-inflammatory 4-methylated steroids from the Formosan soft coral Nephthea chabroli. Steroids 2008; 73:1181-6. [PMID: 18585746 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2008.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2008] [Revised: 05/14/2008] [Accepted: 05/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Eight new 4-methylated steroids, nebrosteroids A-H (1-8) were isolated from the acetone solubles of the Formosan soft coral Nephthea chabroli. The structures were elucidated by extensive NMR spectroscopic analysis and their anti-inflammatory activity was measured in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ching Huang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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43
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Wang XD, Vatamaniuk MZ, Wang SK, Roneker CA, Simmons RA, Lei XG. Molecular mechanisms for hyperinsulinaemia induced by overproduction of selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase-1 in mice. Diabetologia 2008; 51:1515-24. [PMID: 18560803 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-008-1055-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2008] [Accepted: 04/30/2008] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We previously observed hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinaemia, insulin resistance and obesity in Gpx1-overexpressing mice (OE). Here we determined whether these phenotypes were eliminated by diet restriction, subsequently testing whether hyperinsulinaemia was a primary effect of Gpx1 overexpression and caused by dysregulation of pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1) and uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) in islets. METHODS First, 24 male OE and wild-type (WT) mice (2 months old) were given 3 g (diet-restricted) or 5 g (full-fed) feed per day for 4 months to compare their glucose metabolism. Thereafter, several mechanistic experiments were conducted with pancreas and islets of the two genotypes (2 or 6 months old) to assay for beta cell mass, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsi(m)) and expression profiles of regulatory proteins. A functional assay of islets was also performed. RESULTS Diet restriction eliminated obesity but not hyperinsulinaemia in OE mice. These mice had greater pancreatic beta cell mass (more than twofold) and pancreatic insulin content (40%) than the WT, along with an enhanced Deltapsi(m) and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in islets. With diminished ROS production, the OE islets displayed hyperacetylation of H3 and H4 histone in the Pdx1 promoter, elevated PDX1 and decreased UCP2. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Overproduction of the major antioxidant enzyme, glutathione peroxidase 1, caused seemingly beneficial changes in pancreatic PDX1 and UCP2, but eventually led to chronic hyperinsulinaemia by dysregulating islet insulin production and secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- X D Wang
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, 252 Morrison Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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Chang CH, Wen ZH, Wang SK, Duh CY. New anti-inflammatory steroids from the Formosan soft coral Clavularia viridis. Steroids 2008; 73:562-7. [PMID: 18291432 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2008.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2007] [Revised: 01/04/2008] [Accepted: 01/09/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Four new steroids, stoloniferones R-T (1-3), and (25S)-24-methylenecholestane-3 beta,5 alpha,6 beta-triol-26-acetate (4) were isolated from the methylene chloride solubles of the soft coral Clavularia viridis. The structures of the metabolites were elucidated by extensive spectral analysis and their anti-inflammatory activity was measured in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hsiang Chang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
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45
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Abstract
Three anti-inflammatory sesquiterpenes, Delta (9(12))-capnellene-8beta,10alpha-diol ( 1), 8alpha-acetoxy-Delta (9(12))-capnellene-10alpha-ol ( 2), and Delta (9(12))-capnellene-10alpha-ol-8-one ( 3), five new sesquiterpenes, Delta (9(12))-capnellene-8beta,15-diol ( 4), Delta (9(12))-capnellene-8beta,10alpha,13-triol ( 5), Delta (9(10))-capnellene-12-ol-8-one ( 6), 8beta,10alpha-diacetoxy-Delta (9(12))-capnellene ( 7), and 8beta-acetoxy-Delta (9(12))-capnellene ( 8), and a known sesquiterpene, Delta (9(12))-capnellene-8beta-ol ( 9), were isolated from the acetone/methylene chloride extracts of the Formosan soft coral Capnella imbricata. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hsiang Chang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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46
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Abstract
Ten new cytotoxic steroids, stoloniferones H-Q (1-10) were isolated from the methylene chloride solubles of the soft coral Clavularia viridis. The structures of the metabolites were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic (IR, MS, and 1D and 2D NMR) analysis and their cytotoxicity against selected cancer cells was measured in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Yih Duh
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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47
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Abstract
Seven new nardosinane sesquiterpenoids, elongatols A-G (1-7) were isolated from the methylene chloride solubles of the Formosan soft coral Nephthea elongata. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis and their cytotoxicity against selected cancer cells was measured in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Kwei Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807 Taiwan
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48
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Abstract
Seven new prenylbicyclogermacrane diterpenoids, pacificins K--Q (1--7), were isolated from the methylene chloride solubles of the Formosan soft coral Nephthea elongata. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis and their cytotoxicity against selected cancer cells was measured in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ali Hassan El-Gamal
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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49
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Abstract
Three new cytotoxic dolabellane diterpenes, 1-3, three new aromandendrane sesquiterpenoids, 4-6, a new sesquiterpene, 7 (having a new carbon skeleton), and a new cytotoxic xenicane diterpene, 8, were isolated from the methylene chloride solubles of the Formosan soft coral Clavularia inflata var. luzoniana. The structures were elucidated by extensive spectral analysis, and their cytotoxicity against selected cancer cells was measured in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Kwei Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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50
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Duh CY, Li CH, Wang SK, Dai CF. Diterpenoids, norditerpenoids, and secosteroids from the Formosan soft coral Cespitularia hypotentaculata. J Nat Prod 2006; 69:1188-92. [PMID: 16933873 DOI: 10.1021/np0505465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Four new cespitularane diterpenes, cesputularins I-L (1-4), two new norverticillane norditerpenes, cespitularins M and N (5 and 6), two new verticillane diterpenes, cespitularins O and P (7 and 8), a new norditerpene, cespitularin Q (9) (having a novel carbon skeleton), a new xenicane diterpene, cespitolide (10), and two new secosteroids, 3beta,11-dihydroxy-5beta,6beta-epoxy-9,11-secocholestan-9-one (11) and 3beta,11-dihydroxy-5beta,6beta-epoxy-9,11-secogorgostan-9-one (12), were isolated from the methylene chloride solubles of the Formosan soft coral Cespitularia hypotentaculata Roxas. The structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, and their cytotoxicity against selected cancer cells was measured in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Yih Duh
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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