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Kaiser JM, Bernard FC, Pucha K, Raval SK, Eng T, Fulton T, Anderson SE, Allen KD, Brandon Dixon J, Willett NJ. Mild exercise expedites joint clearance and slows joint degradation in a joint instability model of osteoarthritis in male rats. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2024:S1063-4584(24)01156-7. [PMID: 38642879 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2024.03.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Exercise remains a hallmark treatment for post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) and may maintain joint homeostasis in part by clearing inflammatory cytokines, cells, and particles. It remains largely unknown whether exercise-induced joint clearance can provide therapeutic relief of PTOA. In this study, we hypothesized that exercise could slow the progression of preclinical PTOA in part by enhancing knee joint clearance. DESIGN Surgical medial meniscal transection was used to induce PTOA in 3-month-old male Lewis rats. A sham surgery was used as a control. Mild treadmill walking was introduced 3 weeks post-surgery and maintained to 6 weeks post-surgery. Gait and isometric muscle torque were measured at the study endpoint. Near-infrared imaging tracked how exercise altered lymphatic and venous knee joint clearance during discrete time points of PTOA progression. RESULTS Exercise mitigated joint degradation associated with PTOA by preserving glycosaminoglycan content and reducing osteophyte volume (effect size (95% CI); 1.74 (0.71-2.26). PTOA increased hind step widths (0.57 (0.18-0.95) cm), but exercise corrected this gait dysfunction (0.54 (0.16-0.93) cm), potentially indicating pain relief. Venous, but not lymphatic, clearance was quicker 1-, 3-, and 6-weeks post-surgery compared to baseline. The mild treadmill walking protocol expedited lymphatic clearance rate in moderate PTOA (3.39 (0.20-6.59) hrs), suggesting exercise may play a critical role in restoring joint homeostasis. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that mild exercise has the potential to slow disease progression in part by expediting joint clearance in moderate PTOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarred M Kaiser
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Fabrice C Bernard
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Krishna Pucha
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | | | - Tracy Eng
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Travis Fulton
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Shannon E Anderson
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | | | - J Brandon Dixon
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Nick J Willett
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
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2
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Hymel LA, Anderson SE, Turner TC, York WY, Zhang H, Liversage AR, Lim HS, Qiu P, Mortensen LJ, Jang YC, Willett NJ, Botchwey EA. Identifying dysregulated immune cell subsets following volumetric muscle loss with pseudo-time trajectories. Commun Biol 2023; 6:749. [PMID: 37468760 PMCID: PMC10356763 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04790-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Volumetric muscle loss (VML) results in permanent functional deficits and remains a substantial regenerative medicine challenge. A coordinated immune response is crucial for timely myofiber regeneration, however the immune response following VML has yet to be fully characterized. Here, we leveraged dimensionality reduction and pseudo-time analysis techniques to elucidate the cellular players underlying a functional or pathological outcome as a result of subcritical injury or critical VML in the murine quadriceps, respectively. We found that critical VML resulted in a sustained presence of M2-like and CD206hiLy6Chi 'hybrid' macrophages whereas subcritical defects resolved these populations. Notably, the retained M2-like macrophages from critical VML injuries presented with aberrant cytokine production which may contribute to fibrogenesis, as indicated by their co-localization with fibroadipogenic progenitors (FAPs) in areas of collagen deposition within the defect. Furthermore, several T cell subpopulations were significantly elevated in critical VML compared to subcritical injuries. These results demonstrate a dysregulated immune response in critical VML that is unable to fully resolve the chronic inflammatory state and transition to a pro-regenerative microenvironment within the first week after injury. These data provide important insights into potential therapeutic strategies which could reduce the immune cell burden and pro-fibrotic signaling characteristic of VML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Hymel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shannon E Anderson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Thomas C Turner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - William Y York
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hongmanlin Zhang
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Adrian R Liversage
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Rhodes Center for ADS, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Hong Seo Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Peng Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Luke J Mortensen
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Rhodes Center for ADS, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Young C Jang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Nick J Willett
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA.
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
- The Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA.
| | - Edward A Botchwey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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3
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Anderson SE, Chacón L, Taitano WT, Simakov AN, Keenan BD. Fully kinetic simulations of strong steady-state collisional planar plasma shocks. Phys Rev E 2021; 104:055205. [PMID: 34942772 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.055205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We report on simulations of strong, steady-state collisional planar plasma shocks with fully kinetic ions and electrons, independently confirmed by two fully kinetic codes (an Eulerian continuum and a Lagrangian particle-in-cell). While kinetic electrons do not fundamentally change the shock structure as compared with fluid electrons, we find an appreciable rearrangement of the preheat layer, associated with nonlocal electron heat transport effects. The electron heat-flux profile qualitatively agrees between kinetic- and fluid-electron models, suggesting a certain level of "stiffness," though substantial nonlocality is observed in the kinetic heat flux. We also find good agreement with nonlocal electron heat-flux closures proposed in the literature. Finally, in contrast to the classical hydrodynamic picture, we find a significant collapse in the "precursor" electric-field shock at the preheat layer leading edge, which correlates with the electron-temperature gradient relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Anderson
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - L Chacón
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - W T Taitano
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - A N Simakov
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - B D Keenan
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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Hymel LA, Ogle ME, Anderson SE, San Emeterio CL, Turner TC, York WY, Liu AY, Olingy CE, Sridhar S, Lim HS, Sulchek T, Qiu P, Jang YC, Willett NJ, Botchwey EA. Modulating local S1P receptor signaling as a regenerative immunotherapy after volumetric muscle loss injury. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 109:695-712. [PMID: 32608188 PMCID: PMC7772280 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Regeneration of skeletal muscle after volumetric injury is thought to be impaired by a dysregulated immune microenvironment that hinders endogenous repair mechanisms. Such defects result in fatty infiltration, tissue scarring, chronic inflammation, and debilitating functional deficits. Here, we evaluated the key cellular processes driving dysregulation in the injury niche through localized modulation of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor signaling. We employ dimensionality reduction and pseudotime analysis on single cell cytometry data to reveal heterogeneous immune cell subsets infiltrating preclinical muscle defects due to S1P receptor inhibition. We show that global knockout of S1P receptor 3 (S1PR3) is marked by an increase of muscle stem cells within injured tissue, a reduction in classically activated relative to alternatively activated macrophages, and increased bridging of regenerating myofibers across the defect. We found that local S1PR3 antagonism via nanofiber delivery of VPC01091 replicated key features of pseudotime immune cell recruitment dynamics and enhanced regeneration characteristic of global S1PR3 knockout. Our results indicate that local S1P receptor modulation may provide an effective immunotherapy for promoting a proreparative environment leading to improved regeneration following muscle injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A. Hymel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Molly E. Ogle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shannon E. Anderson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Thomas C. Turner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - William Y. York
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alan Y. Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Claire E. Olingy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sraeyes Sridhar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hong Seo Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Todd Sulchek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA 30332
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Peng Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Young C. Jang
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA 30332
| | - Nick J. Willett
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Orthopedics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA 30322
- Atlanta Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, 30030
| | - Edward A. Botchwey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Roach KA, Anderson SE, Stefaniak AB, Shane HL, Boyce GR, Roberts JR. Evaluation of the skin-sensitizing potential of gold nanoparticles and the impact of established dermal sensitivity on the pulmonary immune response to various forms of gold. Nanotoxicology 2020; 14:1096-1117. [PMID: 32909489 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2020.1808107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNP) are largely biocompatible; however, many studies have demonstrated their potential to modulate various immune cell functions. The potential allergenicity of AuNP remains unclear despite the recognition of gold as a common contact allergen. In these studies, AuNP (29 nm) dermal sensitization potential was assessed via Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA). Soluble gold (III) chloride (AuCl3) caused lymph node (LN) expansion (SI 10.9), whereas bulk particles (Au, 942 nm) and AuNP did not. Next, the pulmonary immune effects of AuNP (10, 30, 90 µg) were assessed 1, 4, and 8 days post-aspiration. All markers of lung injury and inflammation remained unaltered, but a dose-responsive increase in LN size was observed. Finally, mice were dermally-sensitized to AuCl3 then aspirated once, twice, or three times with Au or AuNP in doses normalized for mass or surface area (SA) to assess the impact of existing contact sensitivity to gold on lung immune responses. Sensitized animals exhibited enhanced responsivity to the metal, wherein subsequent immune alterations were largely conserved with respect to dose SA. The greatest increase in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) lymphocyte number was observed in the high dose group - simultaneous to preferential expansion of BAL/LN CD8+ T-cells. Comparatively, the lower SA-based doses of Au/AuNP caused more modest elevations in BAL lymphocyte influx (predominantly CD4+ phenotype), exposure-dependent increases in serum IgE, and selective expansion/activation of LN CD4+ T-cells and B-cells. Overall, these findings suggest that AuNP are unlikely to cause sensitization; however, established contact sensitivity to gold may increase immune responsivity following pulmonary AuNP exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Roach
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch (ACIB), National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - S E Anderson
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch (ACIB), National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - A B Stefaniak
- Respiratory Health Division (RHD), National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - H L Shane
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch (ACIB), National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - G R Boyce
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch (ACIB), National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - J R Roberts
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch (ACIB), National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, WV, USA
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6
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Moore WR, Anderson SE, Burr LE, Clark PR, Peine NA, Sydejko DM, Wahl AM, Hale AM, Baughn JM. 0895 Pediatric Positive Pressure Therapy: Enhancing Education And Parent/guardian Confidence To Implement Therapy. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Pediatric positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy can be challenging for children and their parent/guardian (PG). These challenges are complicated by the need to facilitate behavioral competency in the management of both device equipment and therapy.
Methods
As part of a larger quality management project aimed to improve PG and patient satisfaction we developed a targeted education visit provided by registered nurses prior to PAP trial initiation. Principle aims were to measure satisfaction with education and increase PG confidence in ability to manage therapy. The nurse session included: education on Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and PAP therapy, development of plan for first month of therapy, concepts of desensitization, regular practice, discussion and identification of concerns (assessment of barriers to implementation). A survey was administered pre-intervention to assess PG confidence in ability to manage therapy. Post-intervention, PG rated the interventions impact on baseline confidence, as well as an assessment of satisfaction with the education and content. Descriptive statistics were utilized to summarize the Likert survey questions.
Results
A total of 21of 25 (84%) participants completed surveys. 100% of PG that responded was either extremely satisfied or very satisfied with the educational intervention. Prior to the intervention, 19% (N4) indicated little to no confidence, 19% (N4) indicated some confidence and 62% (N13) indicated being very confident. 62% (N13) of PG’s indicated the information covered was new to them, while 24% (N5) indicated some information was new and 14% (N3) indicated none of the information was new. Regardless of baseline confidence, 100% (N21) responded that the intervention further improved confidence to a great degree.
Conclusion
The nurse visit resulted in high satisfaction with care and education and impacted PG confidence in ability to implement treatment. Future studies are needed to determine the impact on patient compliance.
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Mohiuddin M, Lee NH, Choi JJ, Anderson SE, Han WM, Aliya B, Jang YC. The Muscle Stem Cell Mediates Remodeling of Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Networks. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.04321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Han WM, Mohiuddin M, Anderson SE, García AJ, Jang YC. Co-delivery of Wnt7a and muscle stem cells using synthetic bioadhesive hydrogel enhances murine muscle regeneration and cell migration during engraftment. Acta Biomater 2019; 94:243-252. [PMID: 31228633 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle possesses efficient ability to regenerate upon minor injuries, but its capacity to regenerate is severely compromised with traumatic injuries and muscle-associated diseases. Recent evidence suggests that skeletal muscle regeneration can be enhanced by transplantation of muscle satellite cells (MuSCs) or treatment with pro-myogenic factors, such as Wingless-type MMTV Integrated 7a (Wnt7a) protein. Although direct intramuscular injection is the simplest method to deliver MuSCs and Wnt7a for regenerative therapy, direct injections are not viable in many clinical cases where structural integrity is severely compromised. To address this challenge, we evaluated the feasibility of co-delivering pro-myogenic factors, such as Wnt7a, and MuSCs using a synthetic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based hydrogel to the affected skeletal muscles. The Wnt7a release rate can be controlled by modulating the polymer density of the hydrogel, and this release rate can be further accelerated through the proteolytic degradation of the hydrogel. Treating cryo-injured tibialis anterior (TA) muscles with Wnt7a-loaded hydrogels resulted in an improved regenerative response by day 14, measured by increased muscle fiber cross-sectional area, bulk TA mass, and the number of Pax7+ MuSCs at the injury site, compared to the TA muscles treated with Wnt7a-free hydrogels. Co-delivery of Wnt7a and primary MuSCs using the synthetic hydrogel to the cryo-injured TA muscles significantly increased cellular migration during the engraftment process. This work provides a synthetic biomaterial platform for advancing treatment strategies of skeletal muscle conditions where direct intramuscular injection may be challenging. Finally, the current outcomes establish an important foundation for future applications in treating severe muscle trauma and diseases, where the endogenous repair capacity is critically impaired. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Skeletal muscle injuries and diseases cause debilitating health consequences, including disability and diminished quality of life. Treatment using protein and stem cell-based therapeutics may help regenerate the affected muscles, but direct intramuscular injection may not be feasible in severe muscle injuries due to the gravely damaged tissue structure. In chronic muscle diseases, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, local treatment of the diaphragm, a muscle critical for respiration, may be necessary but direct injection is difficult due to its thin dimensions. To address this challenge, this work presents a synthetic and bioactive muscle "patch" that enables concurrent administration of proteins and muscle stem cells for accelerated muscle healing.
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Mohiuddin M, Lee NH, Moon JY, Han WM, Anderson SE, Choi JJ, Shin E, Nakhai SA, Tran T, Aliya B, Kim DY, Gerold A, Hansen LM, Taylor WR, Jang YC. Critical Limb Ischemia Induces Remodeling of Skeletal Muscle Motor Unit, Myonuclear-, and Mitochondrial-Domains. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9551. [PMID: 31266969 PMCID: PMC6606576 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45923-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Critical limb ischemia, the most severe form of peripheral artery disease, leads to extensive damage and alterations to skeletal muscle homeostasis. Although recent research has investigated the tissue-specific responses to ischemia, the role of the muscle stem cell in the regeneration of its niche components within skeletal muscle has been limited. To elucidate the regenerative mechanism of the muscle stem cell in response to ischemic insults, we explored cellular interactions between the vasculature, neural network, and muscle fiber within the muscle stem cell niche. Using a surgical murine hindlimb ischemia model, we first discovered a significant increase in subsynaptic nuclei and remodeling of the neuromuscular junction following ischemia-induced denervation. In addition, ischemic injury causes significant alterations to the myofiber through a muscle stem cell-mediated accumulation of total myonuclei and a concomitant decrease in myonuclear domain size, possibly to enhance the transcriptional and translation output and restore muscle mass. Results also revealed an accumulation of total mitochondrial content per myonucleus in ischemic myofibers to compensate for impaired mitochondrial function and high turnover rate. Taken together, the findings from this study suggest that the muscle stem cell plays a role in motor neuron reinnervation, myonuclear accretion, and mitochondrial biogenesis for skeletal muscle regeneration following ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahir Mohiuddin
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Nan Hee Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - June Young Moon
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Woojin M Han
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Shannon E Anderson
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Jeongmoon J Choi
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Eunjung Shin
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Shadi A Nakhai
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Thu Tran
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Berna Aliya
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Do Young Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Aimee Gerold
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Laura M Hansen
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - W Robert Taylor
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Young C Jang
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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Mohiuddin M, Lee NH, Moon A, Han WM, Anderson SE, Choi J, Shin E, Aliya B, Hansen L, Taylor WR, Jang YC. Muscle Stem Cell‐Nerve‐Vasculature Interactions Modulate Tissue Regeneration Following Critical Limb Ischemia. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.524.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahir Mohiuddin
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology and Emory UniversityAtlantaGA
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and BioscienceGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA
| | - Nan Hee Lee
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and BioscienceGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA
- School of Biological SciencesGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA
| | - Austin Moon
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and BioscienceGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA
- School of Biological SciencesGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA
| | - Woojin M Han
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and BioscienceGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA
| | - Shannon E Anderson
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology and Emory UniversityAtlantaGA
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and BioscienceGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA
| | - Jeongmoon Choi
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and BioscienceGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA
- School of Biological SciencesGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA
| | - Eunjung Shin
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and BioscienceGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA
- School of Biological SciencesGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA
| | - Berna Aliya
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and BioscienceGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA
- School of Biological SciencesGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA
| | | | | | - Young C. Jang
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology and Emory UniversityAtlantaGA
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and BioscienceGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA
- School of Biological SciencesGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA
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11
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Anderson SE, Han WM, Srinivasa V, Mohiuddin M, Ruehle MA, Moon JY, Shin E, San Emeterio CL, Ogle ME, Botchwey EA, Willett NJ, Jang YC. Determination of a Critical Size Threshold for Volumetric Muscle Loss in the Mouse Quadriceps. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2019; 25:59-70. [PMID: 30648479 PMCID: PMC6389771 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2018.0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT The goal of this study was to determine the threshold for a critically sized, nonhealing muscle defect by characterizing key components in the balance between fibrosis and regeneration as a function of injury size in the mouse quadriceps. There is currently limited understanding of what leads to a critically sized muscle defect and which muscle regenerative components are functionally impaired. With the substantial increase in preclinical VML models as testbeds for tissue engineering therapeutics, defining the critical threshold for VML injuries will be instrumental in characterizing therapeutic efficacy and potential for subsequent translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon E. Anderson
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory Unversity, Atlanta, Georgia
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Woojin M. Han
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Vunya Srinivasa
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Mahir Mohiuddin
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory Unversity, Atlanta, Georgia
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Marissa A. Ruehle
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory Unversity, Atlanta, Georgia
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - June Young Moon
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Eunjung Shin
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Cheryl L. San Emeterio
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory Unversity, Atlanta, Georgia
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Molly E. Ogle
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory Unversity, Atlanta, Georgia
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Edward A. Botchwey
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory Unversity, Atlanta, Georgia
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Nick J. Willett
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory Unversity, Atlanta, Georgia
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
- Department of Orthopedics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
- Atlanta Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia
| | - Young C. Jang
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory Unversity, Atlanta, Georgia
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
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12
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Sago CD, Lokugamage MP, Paunovska K, Vanover DA, Monaco CM, Shah NN, Gamboa Castro M, Anderson SE, Rudoltz TG, Lando GN, Munnilal Tiwari P, Kirschman JL, Willett N, Jang YC, Santangelo PJ, Bryksin AV, Dahlman JE. High-throughput in vivo screen of functional mRNA delivery identifies nanoparticles for endothelial cell gene editing. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E9944-E9952. [PMID: 30275336 PMCID: PMC6196543 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1811276115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctional endothelium causes more disease than any other cell type. Systemically administered RNA delivery to nonliver tissues remains challenging, in large part because there is no high-throughput method to identify nanoparticles that deliver functional mRNA to cells in vivo. Here we report a system capable of simultaneously quantifying how >100 lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) deliver mRNA that is translated into functional protein. Using this system (named FIND), we measured how >250 LNPs delivered mRNA to multiple cell types in vivo and identified 7C2 and 7C3, two LNPs that efficiently deliver siRNA, single-guide RNA (sgRNA), and mRNA to endothelial cells. The 7C3 delivered Cas9 mRNA and sgRNA to splenic endothelial cells as efficiently as hepatocytes, distinguishing it from LNPs that deliver Cas9 mRNA and sgRNA to hepatocytes more than other cell types. These data demonstrate that FIND can identify nanoparticles with novel tropisms in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory D Sago
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Melissa P Lokugamage
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Kalina Paunovska
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Daryll A Vanover
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Christopher M Monaco
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Nirav N Shah
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Marielena Gamboa Castro
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Shannon E Anderson
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Tobi G Rudoltz
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Gwyneth N Lando
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Pooja Munnilal Tiwari
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Jonathan L Kirschman
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Nick Willett
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033
| | - Young C Jang
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Philip J Santangelo
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Anton V Bryksin
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - James E Dahlman
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332;
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13
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Han WM, Anderson SE, Mohiuddin M, Barros D, Nakhai SA, Shin E, Amaral IF, Pêgo AP, García AJ, Jang YC. Synthetic matrix enhances transplanted satellite cell engraftment in dystrophic and aged skeletal muscle with comorbid trauma. Sci Adv 2018; 4:eaar4008. [PMID: 30116776 PMCID: PMC6093653 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aar4008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Muscle satellite cells (MuSCs) play a central role in muscle regeneration, but their quantity and function decline with comorbidity of trauma, aging, and muscle diseases. Although transplantation of MuSCs in traumatically injured muscle in the comorbid context of aging or pathology is a strategy to boost muscle regeneration, an effective cell delivery strategy in these contexts has not been developed. We engineered a synthetic hydrogel-based matrix with optimal mechanical, cell-adhesive, and protease-degradable properties that promotes MuSC survival, proliferation, and differentiation. Furthermore, we establish a biomaterial-mediated cell delivery strategy for treating muscle trauma, where intramuscular injections may not be applicable. Delivery of MuSCs in the engineered matrix significantly improved in vivo cell survival, proliferation, and engraftment in nonirradiated and immunocompetent muscles of aged and dystrophic mice compared to collagen gels and cell-only controls. This platform may be suitable for treating craniofacial and limb muscle trauma, as well as postoperative wounds of elderly and dystrophic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojin M. Han
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Shannon E. Anderson
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Mahir Mohiuddin
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Daniela Barros
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Shadi A. Nakhai
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Eunjung Shin
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Isabel Freitas Amaral
- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Pêgo
- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andrés J. García
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Young C. Jang
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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14
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Anderson SE, Sacker A, Whitaker RC, Kelly Y. Self-regulation and household routines at age three and obesity at age eleven: longitudinal analysis of the UK Millennium Cohort Study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2017; 41:1459-1466. [PMID: 28435162 PMCID: PMC5626576 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2017.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Objective To examine, in a population-based cohort of three-year-old children, the association between self-regulation and exposure to the household routines of regular bedtime, regular mealtime, and limits on watching television/video; and to determine whether self-regulation and these routines predict the risk of obesity at age 11. Methods Analyses included 10 955 children in the nationally-representative UK Millennium Cohort Study. When children were age 3, parents reported whether children had a regular bedtime and mealtime and the amount of television/video watched. Emotional and cognitive self-regulation at age 3 were assessed by parent-report with the Child Social Behaviour Questionnaire. Children’s height and weight were measured at age 11 and obesity was defined using the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) criteria. Results At age 3, 41% of children always had a regular bedtime, 47% always had a regular mealtime, and 23% were limited to ≤1 hour television/video daily. At age 11, 6.2% of children were obese. All three household routines were significantly associated with better emotional self-regulation, but not better cognitive self-regulation. In a multi-variable logistic regression model including emotional and cognitive self-regulation, all routines, and controlling for sociodemographic covariates, a 1 unit difference in emotional self-regulation at age 3 was associated with an OR (95% CI) for obesity of 1.38 (1.11, 1.71) at age 11, and inconsistent bedtimes with an OR (95% CI) for obesity of 1.87 (1.39, 2.51) at age 11. There was no evidence that emotional self-regulation mediated the relationship between regular bedtimes and later obesity. Cognitive self-regulation was not associated with later obesity. Conclusions Three-year-old children who had regular bedtimes, mealtimes, and limits on their television/video time had better emotional self-regulation. Lack of a regular bedtime and poorer emotional self-regulation at age 3 were independent predictors of obesity at age 11.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Anderson
- Division of Epidemiology, The Ohio State University College of Public Health, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - A Sacker
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.,International Centre for Lifecourse Studies in Society and Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - R C Whitaker
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center for Obesity Research and Education, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Y Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.,International Centre for Lifecourse Studies in Society and Health, University College London, London, UK
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15
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Dimmick S, Sheehan PV, Hughes D, Anderson SE. Acute haematoma of the latissimus dorsi with low-intensity exercise – An unusual diagnosis heralding an ageing population. Trauma 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1460408616648358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The world’s population is ageing. A significant proportion of this ageing population will undertake exercise, to optimise their health and wellbeing. Age-related changes in muscle physiology and composition may increase susceptibility to muscle injury and reduce the ability for recovery post exercise, which may have public health implications in years to come. This is a case report of a 59-year-old man with an isolated intramuscular haematoma, with onset during non-impact exercise (surfing and subsequently cricket). Injury to the latissimus dorsi muscle and/or tendon is rare. The individual in this report suffered from rheumatoid arthritis, which was well-controlled with methotrexate but had no other relevant medical history, which may have predisposed him to this injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dimmick
- Castlereagh Imaging, St Leonards NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - PV Sheehan
- School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | | | - SE Anderson
- School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- Radiology Department, Musculoskeletal Radiology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
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16
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Curtin C, Hubbard K, Anderson SE, Mick E, Must A, Bandini LG. Food selectivity, mealtime behavior problems, spousal stress, and family food choices in children with and without autism spectrum disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2016; 45:3308-15. [PMID: 26070276 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-015-2490-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Mealtime behavior problems and family stress occur frequently among families of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, it is unknown whether food selectivity is an associated factor. The associations of high food selectivity with mealtime behavior problems, spousal stress, and influence on family members were assessed among 53 children with ASD and 58 typically developing (TD) children ages 3-11 years. Compared to TD children, children with ASD were more likely to have high food selectivity, and their parents reported more mealtime behavior problems, higher spousal stress, and influence on what other family members ate. High food selectivity was associated with mealtime behavior problems in both groups. Interventions to reduce food selectivity may lead to decreases in mealtime behavior problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Curtin
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 465 Medford Street, Suite 500, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.
| | - K Hubbard
- United States Department of Agriculture, Food & Nutrition Service, Western Regional Office, 90 Seventh Street Suite 10-100, San Francisco, CA, 94103, USA.
| | - S E Anderson
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, 336 Cunz Hall, 1841 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - E Mick
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA.
| | - A Must
- Department of Public Health & Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
| | - L G Bandini
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 465 Medford Street, Suite 500, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.
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17
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Nayak AP, Green BJ, Lemons AR, Marshall NB, Goldsmith WT, Kashon ML, Anderson SE, Germolec DR, Beezhold DH. Subchronic exposures to fungal bioaerosols promotes allergic pulmonary inflammation in naïve mice. Clin Exp Allergy 2016; 46:861-70. [PMID: 26892490 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological surveys indicate that occupants of mold contaminated environments are at increased risk of respiratory symptoms. The immunological mechanisms associated with these responses require further characterization. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to characterize the immunotoxicological outcomes following repeated inhalation of dry Aspergillus fumigatus spores aerosolized at concentrations potentially encountered in contaminated indoor environments. METHODS Aspergillus fumigatus spores were delivered to the lungs of naïve BALB/cJ mice housed in a multi-animal nose-only chamber twice a week for a period of 13 weeks. Mice were evaluated at 24 and 48 h post-exposure for histopathological changes in lung architecture, recruitment of specific immune cells to the airways, and serum antibody responses. RESULT Germinating A. fumigatus spores were observed in lungs along with persistent fungal debris in the perivascular regions of the lungs. Repeated exposures promoted pleocellular infiltration with concomitant epithelial mucus hypersecretion, goblet cell metaplasia, subepithelial fibrosis and enhanced airway hyperreactivity. Cellular infiltration in airways was predominated by CD4(+) T cells expressing the pro-allergic cytokine IL-13. Furthermore, our studies show that antifungal T cell responses (IFN-γ(+) or IL-17A(+) ) co-expressed IL-13, revealing a novel mechanism for the dysregulated immune response to inhaled fungi. Total IgE production was augmented in animals repeatedly exposed to A. fumigatus. CONCLUSIONS & CLINICAL RELEVANCE Repeated inhalation of fungal aerosols resulted in significant pulmonary pathology mediated by dynamic shifts in specific immune populations and their cytokines. These studies provide novel insights into the immunological mechanisms and targets that govern the health outcomes that result from repeated inhalation of fungal bioaerosols in contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Nayak
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - B J Green
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - A R Lemons
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - N B Marshall
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - W T Goldsmith
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - M L Kashon
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - S E Anderson
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - D R Germolec
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - D H Beezhold
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
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18
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Myers LP, Law BF, Fedorowicz A, Siegel PD, Butterworth LF, Anderson SE, Sussman G, Shapiro M, Meade BJ, Beezhold D. Identification of phenolic dermal sensitizers in a wound closure tape. J Immunotoxicol 2012; 4:303-10. [PMID: 18958741 DOI: 10.1080/15476910701680236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A latex-allergic patient presented with a severe local reaction to a non-latex wound closure bandage following surgery. Extracts of the bandage were analyzed by gas chromatograph-electron impact-mass spectrometry (GC EI-MS) in the total ion monitoring mode. Components were identified by their ion mass fingerprint and elution time as a corresponding standard from the GC column. The chemicals identified were 4,4'-thiobis-(6-tert-butyl-m-cresol) (TBBC), 6-tert-Butyl-m-cresol (BC), 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (BP) and erucamide (EA). Sensitization potential of these chemicals was evaluated using two quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) programs. The phenol 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-(hydroxymethyl)phenol (BHP) was also included in the test series. It was initially thought to be present in the bandage but detectable levels could not be confirmed. The potential for TBBC to induce a sensitization response was predicted by both Derek for Windows and TOPKAT 6.2. The potential for BC and BP to induce a sensitization response was predicted by Derek for Windows, but not TOPKAT. BHP and EA were not predicted to be sensitizers by either QSAR program. Local lymph node assay (LLNA) analysis of the chemicals identified TBBC, BP, and BC as potential sensitizers with EC3 values between 0.2 and 4.5%. None of the animals exhibited body weight loss or skin irritation at the concentrations tested. In agreement with the toxicological modeling, BHP did not induce a sensitization response in the LLNA. Following a positive LLNA response, TBBC, BP, and BC were further characterized by phenotypic analysis of the draining lymph nodes. A positive LLNA result coupled with a lack of increase in B220(+)IgE(+) cell and serum IgE characterize these chemicals as Type IV sensitizers. These studies used a multidisciplinary approach combining clinical observation, GC-EI-MS for chemical identification, QSAR modeling of chemicals prior to animal testing, and the LLNA for determination of the sensitization potential of chemicals in a manufactured product.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Myers
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
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Abstract
We investigate the dependence of optical-lattice trapping potentials for Rydberg atoms on the angular portion of the atomic wave function. While ground-state atoms are pointlike in relation to an optical-lattice field, Rydberg-atom wave functions extend over a substantial fraction of the lattice period, which leads to a dependence of the lattice trapping potential on the angular portion of the spatial wave function. The angular dependence of the potential is measured using various (j, m(j)) levels of 85Rb Rydberg nD states (50≤n≤65) prepared in a one-dimensional optical lattice (wavelength 1064 nm) and a transverse dc electric field. The measured optical-lattice depths are found to be in agreement with theoretical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Anderson
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
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20
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Dimmick SJ, Goh AC, Cauzza E, Steinbach LS, Baumgartner I, Stauffer E, Voegelin E, Anderson SE. Imaging appearances of Buerger's disease complications in the upper and lower limbs. Clin Radiol 2012; 67:1207-11. [PMID: 22784658 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2012.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Revised: 04/01/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease) is a rare, non-atherosclerotic, segmental, inflammatory vasculitis that most commonly involves small and medium-sized arteries, veins and nerves of the extremities and affects tobacco smokers between the ages of 25 and 45 years. The manifestations of Buerger's disease can be extremely variable and, therefore, awareness of the condition is important for both general and musculoskeletal radiologists. This paper presents the radiological appearance of the sequelae of Buerger's disease involving the upper and lower limbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Dimmick
- Department of Radiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards New South Wales, Australia.
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21
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Anderson SE, Younge KC, Raithel G. Trapping Rydberg atoms in an optical lattice. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:263001. [PMID: 22243153 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.263001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2011] [Revised: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Rubidium Rydberg atoms are laser excited and subsequently trapped in a one-dimensional optical lattice (wavelength 1064 nm). Efficient trapping is achieved by a lattice inversion immediately after laser excitation using an electro-optic technique. The trapping efficiency is probed via analysis of the trap-induced shift of the two-photon microwave transition 50S→51S. The inversion technique allows us to reach a trapping efficiency of 90%. The dependence of the efficiency on the timing of the lattice inversion and on the trap laser power is studied. The dwell time of 50D(5/2) Rydberg atoms in the lattice is analyzed using lattice-induced photoionization.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Anderson
- FOCUS Center, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
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Younge KC, Knuffman B, Anderson SE, Raithel G. State-dependent energy shifts of Rydberg atoms in a ponderomotive optical lattice. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 104:173001. [PMID: 20482104 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.173001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the state dependence of the ponderomotive energy shift of Rydberg atoms in an optical lattice using microwave spectroscopy. Unique to Rydberg atoms, this dependence results from a state-dependent aspect ratio between Rydberg-atom size and lattice period. A semiclassical simulation reproduces all features observed in the microwave spectra and indicates the presence of trapped Rydberg atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Younge
- FOCUS Center, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
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Ulbrich EJ, Schraner C, Busato A, Boesch C, Hodler J, Anderson SE, Sturzenegger M. Zervikale Spinalkanalnormwerte. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1252580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Watanabe A, Boesch C, Anderson SE, Brehm W, Mainil Varlet P. Ability of dGEMRIC and T2 mapping to evaluate cartilage repair after microfracture: a goat study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2009; 17:1341-9. [PMID: 19410029 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2009.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2008] [Revised: 03/23/2009] [Accepted: 03/25/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the ability of delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC) and T2 mapping to evaluate the quality of repair tissue after microfracture. DESIGN Twelve knees from 12 goats were studied. An osteochondral defect (diameter, 6mm; depth, 3mm) with microfracture was created in the weight-bearing aspect of both the medial and lateral femoral condyles. Goats were euthanized at 24 weeks (n=6) and 48 weeks (n=6) postsurgery. Pre-contrast R1 (R1pre) and post-contrast R1 (R1post) measurements for dGEMRIC and a pre-contrast T2 measurement for T2 mapping were performed with a 3T MR imaging system. MR imaging findings were compared with histological and biochemical assessments. RESULTS In native cartilage, significant correlations were observed between the R1post and the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) concentration, as well as DeltaR1 (difference between the R1pre and R1post) and the GAG concentration (P<0.05). In repair tissue, a significant correlation was observed between DeltaR1 and the GAG concentration (P<0.05), but not between the R1post and the GAG concentration. In both repair tissue and native cartilage, no correlation was observed between T2 and the water concentration or between T2 and the hydroxyproline (HP) concentration. A zonal variation of T2 and a clear dependence of T2 on the angles relative to B0 were observed in native cartilage, but not in repair tissue. CONCLUSION dGEMRIC with DeltaR1 measurement might be useful for the evaluation of the GAG concentration in repair tissue after microfracture. T2 mapping might be useful for the differentiation of repair tissue after microfracture from native cartilage; however, its potential to assess the specific biochemical markers in native cartilage as well as repair tissue may be limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Watanabe
- Osteoarticular Research Group, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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Ulbrich EJ, Hodler J, Sturzenegger M, Busato A, Zimmermann H, Boesch C, Anderson SE. Mögliche „Pitfalls“ in der MR-Bildgebung bei akutem Trauma der Halswirbelsäule. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1221520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article is to show the important radiographic criteria that indicate the two types of femoroacetabular impingement: pincer and cam impingement. In addition, potential pitfalls in pelvic imaging concerning femoroacetabular impingement are shown. CONCLUSION Femoroacetabular impingement is a major cause for early "primary" osteoarthritis of the hip. It can easily be recognized on conventional radiographs of the pelvis and the proximal femur.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tannast
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
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Woc-Colburn AM, Garner MM, Bradway D, West G, D'Agostino J, Trupkiewicz J, Barr B, Anderson SE, Rurangirwa FR, Nordhausen RW. Fatal coxiellosis in Swainson's Blue Mountain Rainbow Lorikeets (Trichoglossus haematodus moluccanus). Vet Pathol 2008; 45:247-54. [PMID: 18424842 DOI: 10.1354/vp.45-2-247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Three Swainson's Blue Mountain Rainbow Lorikeets (Trichoglossus haematodus moluccanus), ranging from 6 to 8 months of age, presented with lethargy, emaciation, and progressive neurologic signs. The first one died 24 hours after the onset of clinical signs, and the other two were euthanized 10 to 14 days after the onset of progressive neurologic disease. Clinical signs in these lorikeets included head pressing, hemiparesis, seizures, obtunded mentation, weakness, and lethargy. Two of the lorikeets had hepatomegaly, and one had splenomegaly on gross examination. Histopathology revealed disseminated microgranulomas in the liver, spleen, and brain, and lymphohistocytic perivascular encephalitis and cephalic vasculitis. Electron microscopic examination of macrophages in brain lesions revealed spherical to rod-shaped prokaryotic organisms with a trilaminar cell wall. Molecular analysis revealed a novel species of Coxiella. This is believed to be the first report of a Coxiella sp. causing disease in a lorikeet.
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Yates MA, Markham JA, Anderson SE, Morris JR, Juraska JM. Regional variability in age-related loss of neurons from the primary visual cortex and medial prefrontal cortex of male and female rats. Brain Res 2008; 1218:1-12. [PMID: 18513705 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2007] [Revised: 11/16/2007] [Accepted: 04/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
During aging, changes in the structure of the cerebral cortex of the rat have been seen, but potential changes in neuron number remain largely unexplored. In the present study, stereological methods were used to examine neuron number in the medial prefrontal cortex and primary visual cortex of young adult (85-90 days of age) and aged (19-22 months old) male and female rats in order to investigate any age-related losses. Possible sex differences in aging were also examined since sexually dimorphic patterns of aging have been seen in other measures. An age-related loss of neurons (18-20%), which was mirrored in volume losses, was found to occur in the primary visual cortex in both sexes in all layers except IV. Males, but not females, also lost neurons (15%) from layer V/VI of the ventral medial prefrontal cortex and showed an overall decrease in volume of this region. In contrast, dorsal medial prefrontal cortex showed no age-related changes. The effects of aging clearly differ among regions of the rat brain and to some degree, between the sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Yates
- Psychology Department, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
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Anderson SE, Minsky BD, Bains M, Hummer A, Kelsen D, Ilson DH. Combined modality chemoradiation in elderly oesophageal cancer patients. Br J Cancer 2007; 96:1823-7. [PMID: 17533399 PMCID: PMC2359964 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2007] [Revised: 04/30/2007] [Accepted: 04/30/2007] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a single institution experience with 5-FU, mitomycin-C based chemoradiation for the primary treatment of elderly patients with oesophageal cancer. Twenty-five patients with a median age of 77 years (range 66-88) with a diagnosis of stage II-III squamous cell or adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus were treated at Memorial Sloan Kettering from 1996 to 2001 with two cycles of concurrent 5-FU, mitomycin-C and 50.4 Gy. Owing to age and comorbidity, these patients were not considered surgical candidates. The Charlson comorbidity score was used to evaluate patient comorbidity. Nine patients (36%) experienced grade 3-4 haematologic toxicity. Of the 23 patients evaluable for response, 17 patients (68%) had a negative post-treatment endoscopy and CT scan without evidence of progressive disease. Eleven patients (44%) are alive and 10 (40%) remain without evidence of recurrent or progressive oesophageal cancer at a median follow-up of 35 months. The median overall survival was 35 months and 2-year survival 64%. There was no significant difference in overall survival between Charlson score =2 and those with a score >/=2 (P=0.10). Similar survival was observed for patients with adenocarcinoma or squamous carcinoma. Primary chemoradiation with two cycles of 5-FU, mitomycin-C, and 50.4 Gy in elderly patients is an active regimen with moderate toxicity, despite the advanced age and heavy comorbidity burden of this cohort. Patients with local/regional oesophageal cancer with adequate functional status should not be excluded from potentially curative treatment based on age alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Anderson
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - B D Minsky
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - M Bains
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - A Hummer
- Department of Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - D Kelsen
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - D H Ilson
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
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Rennaker RL, Carey HL, Anderson SE, Sloan AM, Kilgard MP. Anesthesia suppresses nonsynchronous responses to repetitive broadband stimuli. Neuroscience 2007; 145:357-69. [PMID: 17207583 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2006] [Revised: 11/11/2006] [Accepted: 11/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Although many aspects of sensory processing are qualitatively similar in awake and anesthetized subjects, important state-dependent differences are known to exist. To investigate the effects of anesthesia on temporal processing in rat auditory cortex, multi-unit neural responses to trains of broadband clicks were recorded prior to, 15 min following, and 5 h following the administration of a ketamine-based anesthetic. While responses to clicks in isolation were relatively stable between states, responses to subsequent clicks exhibited increases in latency, peak latency, response duration, and post-onset suppression under anesthesia. Ketamine anesthetic reduced the maximum rate at which multi-unit clusters entrained to repeated clicks. No multi-unit clusters entrained to stimulus presentation rates greater than 33 Hz under anesthesia, compared with 85% and 81% in the pre- and post-anesthetic condition, respectively. Anesthesia also induced oscillatory activity that was not present in awake subjects. Finally, ketamine anesthesia abolished all tonic excitatory and suppressive nonsynchronous responses to click trains. The results of this study suggest that ketamine-based anesthesia significantly alters neural coding of broadband click trains in auditory cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Rennaker
- University of Oklahoma, 865 Asp Avenue, Felgar Hall 210, Norman, OK 73019, USA.
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- A Must
- Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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Tannast M, Murphy SB, Langlotz F, Anderson SE, Siebenrock KA. Estimation of pelvic tilt on anteroposterior X-rays--a comparison of six parameters. Skeletal Radiol 2006; 35:149-55. [PMID: 16365745 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-005-0050-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2005] [Revised: 08/24/2005] [Accepted: 09/28/2005] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare six different parameters described in literature for estimation of pelvic tilt on an anteroposterior pelvic radiograph and to create a simple nomogram for tilt correction of prosthetic cup version in total hip arthroplasty. DESIGN Simultaneous anteroposterior and lateral pelvic radiographs are taken routinely in our institution and were analyzed prospectively. The different parameters (including three distances and three ratios) were measured and compared to the actual pelvic tilt on the lateral radiograph using simple linear regression analysis. PATIENTS One hundred and four consecutive patients (41 men, 63 women with a mean age of 31.7 years, SD 9.2 years, range 15.7-59.1 years) were studied. RESULTS The strongest correlation between pelvic tilt and one of the six parameters for both men and women was the distance between the upper border of the symphysis and the sacrococcygeal joint. The correlation coefficient was 0.68 for men (P<0.001) and 0.61 for women (P<0.001). Based on this linear correlation, a nomogram was created that enables fast, tilt-corrected cup version measurements in clinical routine use. CONCLUSION This simple method for correcting variations in pelvic tilt on plain radiographs can potentially improve the radiologist's ability to diagnose and interpret malformations of the acetabulum (particularly acetabular retroversion and excessive acetabular overcoverage) and post-operative orientation of the prosthetic acetabulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tannast
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Anderson SE, Kilgard MP, Sloan AM, Rennaker RL. Response to broadband repetitive stimuli in auditory cortex of the unanesthetized rat. Hear Res 2006; 213:107-17. [PMID: 16466874 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2005.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2005] [Revised: 12/09/2005] [Accepted: 12/27/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the ability of multi-unit clusters (MUCs) in layer IV/V of primary auditory cortex of the awake rat to respond to a series of broadband click trains. The data from 113 multi-unit clusters were analyzed for synchronous and nonsynchronized responses using several methods. Synchronous responses were measured using window analysis, circular statistics and spectral analysis. Nonsynchronous responses were measured during different time intervals during the click train (first 50 ms, 50-450 ms, and the entire click train). The results demonstrate that multi-unit clusters are capable of synchronizing to clicks at rates up to 166 Hz. The mean synchronization boundary (limiting rate) for the group was found to be 72 Hz. Mean peak response rate, mean response duration, and mean time-to-peak response decreased as the stimulus presentation rate (SPR) increased, resulting in a temporal sharpening of the population response. For fast SPRs (>50 Hz), 50% of MUCs exhibited nonsynchronous responses in which the firing rate increased with SPR, although this activity was most prevalent during the first 50 ms of the response. Sustained increases in firing rate with SPR were seen in 8% of the MUCs, while another 38% of MUCs exhibited sustained decreases during the click train.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Anderson
- The University of Oklahoma, Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering Department, 865 Asp Ave Felgar Hall 210, Norman, OK 73019, USA
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Anderson SE, Nonaka D, Chuai S, Olshen AB, Chi D, Sabbatini P, Soslow RA. p53, epidermal growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor in uterine leiomyosarcoma and leiomyomas. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2006; 16:849-53. [PMID: 16681772 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1438.2006.00542.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine leiomyosarcoma (ULMS) is an aggressive gynecological disease. Although ULMS are often found in association with benign leiomyoma (LMA), little is known regarding the relationship between these benign and malignant smooth muscle neoplasms. The objective of this study was to evaluate the expression of epidermal growth factor (EGFR), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGFR), and p53 in ULMS specimens, their prognostic relevance, and the expression of these molecular markers when compared to benign LMA specimens. Between 1991 and 2001, 25 patients were identified with high-grade primary ULMS and for whom tissue was available. Tissue microarray was created with three representative cores from each of the ULMS cases as well as from 19 patients with benign uterine leiomyomata. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was performed for EGFR, PDGFR, and p53. Negative and positive IHC staining was scored for each marker. Outcome analysis was performed only for ULMS. Survival was determined from the time of initial diagnosis to last follow-up. Twelve (48%) ULMS expressed p53 compared to none of the LMA (P < 0.001), and 15 (60%) ULMS cases showed PDGFR expression compared to 32% of LMA samples (P= 0.08). EGFR expression did not differ between ULMS and LMA groups. ULMS patients with p53 expression had a poorer survival compared to ULMS patients with negative expression (P= 0.07). ULMS tumor stage had the strongest association with overall survival (P= 0.05). Our study supports previous investigations indicating that p53 expression may serve as a prognostic marker for ULMS patients. The difference in PDGFR expression between ULMS and LMA demonstrated a trend toward significance. EGFR was not commonly expressed in ULMS. These uniquely expressed markers may assist in stratifying patients by survival and identify novel therapeutic markers. Clearly, further investigation is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Anderson
- Department of Developmental Chemotherapy, Gynecology Disease Management Team, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
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Pedersen SF, O'Donnell ME, Anderson SE, Cala PM. Physiology and pathophysiology of Na+/H+ exchange and Na+ -K+ -2Cl- cotransport in the heart, brain, and blood. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2006; 291:R1-25. [PMID: 16484438 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00782.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Maintenance of a stable cell volume and intracellular pH is critical for normal cell function. Arguably, two of the most important ion transporters involved in these processes are the Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1) and Na+ -K+ -2Cl- cotransporter isoform 1 (NKCC1). Both NHE1 and NKCC1 are stimulated by cell shrinkage and by numerous other stimuli, including a wide range of hormones and growth factors, and for NHE1, intracellular acidification. Both transporters can be important regulators of cell volume, yet their activity also, directly or indirectly, affects the intracellular concentrations of Na+, Ca2+, Cl-, K+, and H+. Conversely, when either transporter responds to a stimulus other than cell shrinkage and when the driving force is directed to promote Na+ entry, one consequence may be cell swelling. Thus stimulation of NHE1 and/or NKCC1 by a deviation from homeostasis of a given parameter may regulate that parameter at the expense of compromising others, a coupling that may contribute to irreversible cell damage in a number of pathophysiological conditions. This review addresses the roles of NHE1 and NKCC1 in the cellular responses to physiological and pathophysiological stress. The aim is to provide a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms and consequences of stress-induced stimulation of these transporters with focus on the heart, brain, and blood. The physiological stressors reviewed are metabolic/exercise stress, osmotic stress, and mechanical stress, conditions in which NHE1 and NKCC1 play important physiological roles. With respect to pathophysiology, the focus is on ischemia and severe hypoxia where the roles of NHE1 and NKCC1 have been widely studied yet remain controversial and incompletely elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Pedersen
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Biology and Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Tshering-Vogel D, Waldherr C, Schindera ST, Steinbach LS, Stauffer E, Anderson SE. Adductor insertion avulsion syndrome, "thigh splints": relevance of radiological follow-up. Skeletal Radiol 2005; 34:355-8. [PMID: 15891930 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-004-0864-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2004] [Revised: 08/25/2004] [Accepted: 08/28/2004] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We present a case of chronic osteomyelitis in a 13-year-old girl which was originally diagnosed as adductor insertion avulsion syndrome ("thigh splints") on the basis of the clinical presentation, patient history, initial radiographs and MRI examination. However, at follow-up with persistent pain and altered radiographic and MRI appearances, surgical biopsy was indicated. Histopathological findings confirmed a bone abscess. This case underlines the necessity of clinical follow-up and imaging in certain patients with apparent thigh splints.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Tshering-Vogel
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology, University of Bern, Inselspital, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
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Ameen S, Staub L, Ulrich S, Vock P, Ballmer F, Anderson SE. Harris lines of the tibia across centuries: a comparison of two populations, medieval and contemporary in Central Europe. Skeletal Radiol 2005; 34:279-84. [PMID: 15586281 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-004-0841-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2003] [Revised: 12/30/2003] [Accepted: 07/12/2004] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence of Harris lines in two medieval populations which inhabited the Canton of Berne, in Central Switzerland, and to compare the results with those of a contemporary population living in the same geographical area. A simplified method is described for measuring the age of the individual at the time of formation of Harris lines, with possible future applications. DESIGN AND PATIENTS Radiographs of 112 well-preserved tibiae of skeletons of two medieval populations from the eighth to fifteenth centuries were reviewed for the incidence of Harris lines. The results were compared with those of 138 current patients living in the same geographic location in Central Switzerland. Age and gender of the medieval individual were determined using known anthropological methods. Age of bone at the time of formation of Harris lines was estimated according to the method of Maat. RESULTS Harris lines were found in 88 of 112 (80%) of the examined medieval skeletons and in 28 of 138 (20%) of the living individuals. Higher incidences of Harris lines were found at the age of 2 years and at ages between 8 and 12 years in both populations. No gender difference was found regarding the incidence of Harris lines. In both populations the occurrence of Harris lines was associated with certain diseases such as degenerative bone disease, trauma, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, peripheral vascular diseases, rickets and bony deformities. CONCLUSION A high incidence of Harris lines was found in the medieval population, perhaps reflecting difficult living and hygienic conditions, but also the poor care and neglect of the children population. Measuring the age of the individual at the time of formation of Harris lines is simple and may have future clinical applications in the paediatric population for medico-legal purposes. The application of Harris lines as a marker in follow-up of osteoporosis may need further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ameen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital of Bern, Inselspital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
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Schindera ST, Streit M, Kaelin U, Stauffer E, Steinbach L, Anderson SE. Stewart-Treves syndrome: MR imaging of a postmastectomy upper-limb chronic lymphedema with angiosarcoma. Skeletal Radiol 2005; 34:156-60. [PMID: 15232657 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-004-0807-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2004] [Revised: 04/22/2004] [Accepted: 04/22/2004] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The rare occurrence of angiosarcoma in postmastectomy upper-limb lymphedema with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is discussed. Unfamiliarity with this aggressive vascular tumor and its harmless appearance often leads to delayed diagnosis. Angiosarcoma complicating chronic lymphedema may be low in signal intensity on T2-weighting and short tau inversion recovery (STIR) imaging reflecting the densely cellular, fibrous stroma, and sparsely vascularized tumor histology. Additional administration of intravenous contrast medium revealed significant enhancement of the tumorous lesions. Awareness of angiosarcoma and its MR imaging appearance in patients with chronic lymphedema may be a key to early diagnosis or allow at least inclusion in the differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Schindera
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital of Bern, 3010, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland,
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Schindera ST, Anderson SE, Triller J. Coil embolization of an infected superior gluteal artery pseudoaneurysm caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. VASA 2005; 34:62-5. [PMID: 15786943 DOI: 10.1024/0301-1526.34.1.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We describe the successful selective coil embolization of an infected superior gluteal pseudoaneurysm secondary to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a 36-year old women. The patient presented with a long history of drug abuse and perisacral abscesses due to chronic sacroilitis. The chosen strategy provides a safe and successful management of infected false gluteal artery aneurysm.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Schindera
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, University Hospital of Bern, Inselspital, Switzerland.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our previous cross-sectional analysis of MIT Growth and Development (MIT) Study girls showed that activity temperament, as assessed by a nine-item temperament questionnaire, was related to body composition and nonresting energy expenditure (NREE). In girls with lower levels of physical activity, having a high activity temperament was associated with a higher NREE. Percentage body fat was lower in girls with high vs low activity temperament. Based on these results, we hypothesized that, especially in girls with declining levels of physical activity over adolescence, high activity temperament in childhood would be protective against increased adiposity during adolescence. We tested this hypothesis with longitudinal data from the MIT study. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A total of 196 nonobese premenarcheal girls 8-12 y old were enrolled between 1990 and 1993. Girls were followed until 4 y postmenarche; average duration of follow-up was 7 y. MEASURES Activity temperament was assessed at baseline by the girls' mothers with questions modified from those developed by Thomas and Chess that tapped predilection for movement. Temperament, the stylistic component of behavior, is considered relatively stable within an individual. Body composition was assessed by total body water at baseline and study completion (4 y postmenarche), and by bioelectrical impedance (BIA) annually. Physical activity was assessed annually by questionnaire, and by activity diary at baseline only. RESULTS Child activity temperament was not associated with percentage body fat at 4 y postmenarche in multivariate regression models controlling for baseline percentage body fat, physical activity, parental obesity status, age at menarche, age at baseline, and race-ethnicity. Body composition of girls with low and high activity temperaments who reported declining levels of physical activity over adolescence was not statistically significantly different at study completion. In longitudinal models of percentage body fat by BIA, high activity temperament was not associated with lower adiposity. CONCLUSION Although high activity temperament was associated cross-sectionally with lower percentage body fat and higher NREE, we did not find evidence to support our hypothesis that high child activity temperament would be protective for increased adiposity prospectively in our cohort of girls followed over the adolescent period.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Anderson
- Gerald J and Dorothy R Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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Cauzza E, Stauffer E, Zimmerli S, Büchler U, Voegelin E, Anderson SE. Mycobacterium marinum: MR imaging and clinical course of a rare soft tissue infection. Skeletal Radiol 2004; 33:409-12. [PMID: 15205928 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-003-0730-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2003] [Revised: 11/03/2003] [Accepted: 11/04/2003] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium marinum is a rare cause of soft tissue infections. The imposing MR appearance of the soft tissue involvement is in contrast to the chronic painless clinical manifestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Cauzza
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital of Bern, Inselspital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
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Anderson SE, Weber M, Steinbach LS, Ballmer FT. Shoe rim and shoe buckle pseudotumor of the ankle in elite and professional figure skaters and snowboarders: MR imaging findings. Skeletal Radiol 2004; 33:325-9. [PMID: 15138726 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-004-0778-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2003] [Revised: 01/02/2004] [Accepted: 03/10/2004] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review MR imaging of figure skaters and snowboarders presenting with painful soft-tissue swelling of the lateral supramalleolar region with a clinical provisional diagnosis of soft-tissue tumor. DESIGN AND PATIENTS MR imaging was prospectively reviewed by two sub-specialized musculoskeletal radiologists. The findings were correlated with a second clinical review and examination of the shoe wear. The patients were four female athletes undergoing heavy training regimes, ranging in age between 16 and 25 years. Two patients were elite figure skaters, and two were professional snowboarders. Three patients had unilateral masses with pain, and one patient presented with bilateral clinical findings. RESULTS MR imaging showed subcutaneous, focal soft-tissue masses of the supramalleolar region in five ankles at the same level above the ankle joint. MR imaging prompted a second clinical review and correlation with the shoe wear. The MR imaging findings correlated to the level of the shoe rim or shoe buckle in all patients, confirming the suspected MR imaging diagnosis of an impingement syndrome. All four sportswomen were training excessively, ignoring safety advice regarding training duration, timing of breaks, and shoe wear rotation. CONCLUSION Ice skaters and snowboarders may present with persistent and disabling pain. On MR imaging, this corresponds to a focal soft-tissue abnormality, which may be due to subcutaneous fat impingement between the fibula and the shoe rim or shoe buckle.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Anderson
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital of Bern, Inselspital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland. ,
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Clemetson IA, Popp A, Lippuner K, Ballmer F, Anderson SE. Postpartum osteoporosis associated with proximal tibial stress fracture. Skeletal Radiol 2004; 33:96-8. [PMID: 14714147 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-003-0721-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2003] [Revised: 10/27/2003] [Accepted: 10/28/2003] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A 33-year-old woman presented with acute nonspecific knee pain, 6 months postpartum. MR imaging, computed tomography and radiography were performed and a proximal tibia plateau insufficiency fracture was detected. Bone densitometry demonstrated mild postpartum osteoporosis. To our knowledge these findings have not been described in this location and in this clinical setting. The etiology of the atraumatic fracture of the tibia is presumed to be due to a low bone mineral density. The bone loss was probably due to pregnancy, lactation and postpartum hormonal changes. There were no other inciting causes and the patient was normocalcemic. We discuss the presence of a postpartum stress fracture in a hitherto undescribed site in a patient who had lactated following an uncomplicated pregnancy and had no other identifiable cause for a stress fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A Clemetson
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Bern, Inselspital, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the extent that predilection for movement, as measured by a temperament questionnaire (activity temperament), contributes to nonresting energy expenditure and body composition in girls. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Baseline data for 196 premenarcheal non-obese girls aged 8-12 y were obtained from a longitudinal study of growth and development. The association of activity temperament with nonresting energy expenditure in girls with low and high levels of physical activity was evaluated, as was the association of activity temperament with body composition. MEASURES Maternal reports of child activity temperament were obtained by questionnaire. Nonresting energy expenditure was calculated as total energy expenditure (measured by doubly labeled water) minus resting energy expenditure (obtained by indirect calorimetry). Body composition was estimated by total body water. Questionnaires and activity diaries were used to assess physical activity and sedentary behavior. RESULTS Higher activity temperament was associated with higher nonresting energy expenditure after multivariate control for weight, vigorous activity, walking and light activity, and television viewing, although activity temperament did not account for a large percentage of the variability in nonresting energy expenditure (partial squared correlation coefficient=0.03). In girls with physical activity levels below the median, high activity temperament was associated with a mean+/-s.d., nonresting energy expenditure of 310+/-138 kJ (74+/-33 kcal) above that of girls with a low activity temperament. Girls with a high activity temperament had less body fat than did girls with a low activity temperament (21.6 vs 24.5%, a difference of 2.9 percentage points; 95% confidence interval, 1.3-4.4 percentage points). CONCLUSION Predilection for movement, as measured by a temperament questionnaire, contributes to nonresting energy expenditure and may be useful in capturing an aspect of energy expenditure in population studies. The cross-sectional observation that girls with a high activity temperament were leaner than girls with a low activity temperament suggests that a constitutional predilection for movement may play a role in the development of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Anderson
- Gerald J and Dorothy R Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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Anderson SE, Bosshard C, Steinbach LS, Ballmer FT. MR imaging of calcification of the lateral collateral ligament of the knee: a rare abnormality and a cause of lateral knee pain. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2003; 181:199-202. [PMID: 12818860 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.181.1.1810199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our objective was to describe the radiologic appearances of calcification of the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) of the knee in four patients who presented with acute atraumatic lateral knee pain. This rare abnormality has not, to our knowledge, been previously shown on MR imaging. CONCLUSION Calcification of the LCL of the knee is a rare cause of lateral knee pain and is thought to reflect underlying hydroxyapatite deposition. On MR imaging, calcification of the LCL may be associated with an aggressive appearance that can be mistaken for other knee abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Anderson
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Bern, Inselspital, Bern CH 3010, Switzerland.
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Anderson SE, Heini P, Sauvain MJ, Stauffer E, Geiger L, Johnston JO, Roggo A, Kalbermatten D, Steinbach LS. Imaging of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis of childhood first presenting with isolated primary spinal involvement. Skeletal Radiol 2003; 32:328-36. [PMID: 12761599 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-002-0602-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2002] [Revised: 09/23/2002] [Accepted: 10/30/2002] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Initial presentation with primary spinal involvement in chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis of childhood (CRMO) is rare. Our objective was to review the imaging appearances of three patients who had CRMO who initially presented with isolated primary spinal involvement. DESIGN AND PATIENTS The imaging, clinical, laboratory and histology findings of the three patients were retrospectively reviewed. Imaging included seven spinal MR imaging scans, one computed tomography scan, nine bone scans, two tomograms and 16 radiographs. These were reviewed by two musculoskeletal radiologists and a consensus view is reported. All three patients presented with atraumatic spinal pain and had extensive bone spinal pathology. The patients were aged 11, 13 and 12 years. There were two females and one male. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The initial patient had thoracic T6 and T8 vertebra plana. Bone scan showed additional vertebral body involvement. Follow-up was available over a 3 year period. The second patient had partial collapse of T9 and, 2 years later, of C6. Subsequently extensive multifocal disease ensued and follow-up was available over 8 years. The third patient initially had L3 inferior partial collapse and 1 year later T8 involvement with multifocal disease. Follow-up was available over 3 years. The imaging findings of the three patients include partial and complete vertebra plana with a subchondral line adjacent to endplates associated with bone marrow MR signal alterations. Awareness of the imaging appearances may help the radiologist to include this entity in the differential diagnosis in children who present with spinal pathology and no history of trauma. Histopathological examination excludes tumor and infection but with typical imaging findings may not always be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Anderson
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Bern, Inselspital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
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Anderson SE, Liu H, Ho HS, Lewis EJ, Cala PM. Age-related differences in Na+-dependent Ca2+ accumulation in rabbit hearts exposed to hypoxia and acidification. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2003; 284:C1123-32. [PMID: 12519744 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00148.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we test the hypothesis that in newborn hearts (as in adults) hypoxia and acidification stimulate increased Na(+) uptake, in part via pH-regulatory Na(+)/H(+) exchange. Resulting increases in intracellular Na(+) (Na(i)) alter the force driving the Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger and lead to increased intracellular Ca(2+). NMR spectroscopy measured Na(i) and cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) and pH (pH(i)) in isolated, Langendorff-perfused 4- to 7-day-old rabbit hearts. After Na(+)/K(+) ATPase inhibition, hypoxic hearts gained Na(+), whereas normoxic controls did not [19 +/- 3.4 to 139 +/- 14.6 vs. 22 +/- 1.9 to 22 +/- 2.5 (SE) meq/kg dry wt, respectively]. In normoxic hearts acidified using the NH(4)Cl prepulse, pH(i) fell rapidly and recovered, whereas Na(i) rose from 31 +/- 18.2 to 117.7 +/- 20.5 meq/kg dry wt. Both protocols caused increases in [Ca](i); however, [Ca](i) increased less in newborn hearts than in adults (P < 0.05). Increases in Na(i) and [Ca](i) were inhibited by the Na(+)/H(+) exchange inhibitor methylisobutylamiloride (MIA, 40 microM; P < 0.05), as well as by increasing perfusate osmolarity (+30 mosM) immediately before and during hypoxia (P < 0.05). The data support the hypothesis that in newborn hearts, like adults, increases in Na(i) and [Ca](i) during hypoxia and after normoxic acidification are in large part the result of increased uptake via Na(+)/H(+) and Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchange, respectively. However, for similar hypoxia and acidification protocols, this increase in [Ca](i) is less in newborn than adult hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Anderson
- Department of Human Physiology, University of California, Davis, California 95616-8644, USA.
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Anderson SE, De Monaco D, Buechler U, Triller J, Gerich U, Dalinka M, Stauffer E, Nagy L, Niedecker A, Campbell R, Araoz PA, Steinbach LS. Imaging features of pseudoaneurysms of the hand in children and adults. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2003; 180:659-64. [PMID: 12591670 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.180.3.1800659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our objective was to review the imaging features of pseudoaneurysms of the hand in 25 patients. The patients presented with a mass, peripheral paresthesia, or ischemia. Pseudoaneurysm of the hand is a rare and often clinically unsuspected diagnosis. Correct diagnosis is important because there are risks for distal embolic disease with ischemia or gangrene of the fingers, ulnar or digital nerve dysfunction, rupture, or bone erosion and joint destruction. Scant reports appear in the world literature, and this report is the first review, to our knowledge, of the imaging features. The cause may be a history of a single direct trauma or chronic trauma, as seen in patients with hypothenar or thenar hammer syndrome. CONCLUSION Awareness of the specific imaging appearances of pseudoaneurysms of the hand and their complications may improve the accuracy of radiologic diagnosis, advance the preoperative workup, and prevent possible clinical complications such as digital gangrene, nerve dysfunction, and aneurysm rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Anderson
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Bern, Inselspital, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
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Schuetz CT, Aeberli D, Oertle S, Anderson SE. Pseudoarthrosis and ankylosis of the vertebral spine without sacroiliitis associated with Takayasu's arteritis: review of the association. Skeletal Radiol 2002; 31:554-7. [PMID: 12195513 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-002-0521-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2002] [Revised: 03/20/2002] [Accepted: 03/21/2002] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Pseudoarthrosis and ankylosis of the vertebral spine associated with Takayasu's arteritis is extremely rare. We present a patient with the entity who was HLA-B27 negative and had normal sacroiliac joints. The association between Takayasu's arteritis and ankylosing spondylitis appears real but seemingly rare.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Schuetz
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital of Berne, Inselspital, 3010 Berne, Switzerland.
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Ameen S, Nagy L, Gerich U, Anderson SE. Melorheostosis of the hand with complicating bony spur formation and bursal inflammation: diagnosis and treatment. Skeletal Radiol 2002; 31:467-70. [PMID: 12172595 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-002-0542-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2002] [Revised: 05/14/2002] [Accepted: 05/15/2002] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A 37-year old woman presented with intolerable pain associated with a slowly growing mass on the dorsum of the right hand. The radiographs were characteristic of melorheostosis involving the third and fourth metacarpals, with a cortical bony projection extending from the base of the third metacarpal eroding slightly into the fourth metacarpal, associated with bursal formation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated an inflamed bursal collection adjacent to the spur. This region corresponded to the patient's severe clinical, focal pain. To our knowledge, this is the first case report in which melorheostosis of the hand has been associated with bony spur formation and complicated by an inflamed bursa.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ameen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital of Bern, Inselspital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
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