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Moussa AM, Abdou S, Elsayed KM, Rashwan M, Asif A, Khatoon S, Alshamari MA. Enhanced Arabic disaster data classification using domain adaptation. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301255. [PMID: 38574077 PMCID: PMC10994337 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural disasters, like pandemics and earthquakes, are some of the main causes of distress and casualties. Governmental crisis management processes are crucial when dealing with these types of problems. Social media platforms are among the main sources of information regarding current events and public opinion. So, they have been used extensively to aid disaster detection and prevention efforts. Therefore, there is always a need for better automatic systems that can detect and classify disaster data of social media. In this work, we propose enhanced Arabic disaster data classification models. The suggested models utilize domain adaptation to provide state-of-the-art accuracy. We used a standard dataset of Arabic disaster data collected from Twitter for testing the proposed models. Experimental results show that the provided models significantly outperform the previous state-of-the-art results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah M. Moussa
- The Engineering Company for the Development of Digital Systems, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sherif Abdou
- Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Khaled M. Elsayed
- Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Amna Asif
- School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Shaheen Khatoon
- School of Architecture, Computing & Engineering, University of East London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Majed A. Alshamari
- College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology, King Faisal University, AlAhsa, Saudi Arabia
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Al Sulaiman M, Moussa AM, Abdou S, Elgibreen H, Faisal M, Rashwan M. Semantic textual similarity for modern standard and dialectal Arabic using transfer learning. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272991. [PMID: 35951673 PMCID: PMC9371328 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Semantic Textual Similarity (STS) is the task of identifying the semantic correlation between two sentences of the same or different languages. STS is an important task in natural language processing because it has many applications in different domains such as information retrieval, machine translation, plagiarism detection, document categorization, semantic search, and conversational systems. The availability of STS training and evaluation data resources for some languages such as English has led to good performance systems that achieve above 80% correlation with human judgment. Unfortunately, such required STS data resources are not available for many languages like Arabic. To overcome this challenge, this paper proposes three different approaches to generate effective STS Arabic models. The first one is based on evaluating the use of automatic machine translation for English STS data to Arabic to be used in fine-tuning. The second approach is based on the interleaving of Arabic models with English data resources. The third approach is based on fine-tuning the knowledge distillation-based models to boost their performance in Arabic using a proposed translated dataset. With very limited resources consisting of just a few hundred Arabic STS sentence pairs, we managed to achieve a score of 81% correlation, evaluated using the standard STS 2017 Arabic evaluation set. Also, we managed to extend the Arabic models to process two local dialects, Egyptian (EG) and Saudi Arabian (SA), with a correlation score of 77.5% for EG dialect and 76% for the SA dialect evaluated using dialectal conversion from the same standard STS 2017 Arabic set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Al Sulaiman
- Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computer and Information Sciences (CCIS), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Smart Robotics Research, College of Computer and Information Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M. Moussa
- Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- * E-mail:
| | - Sherif Abdou
- Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hebah Elgibreen
- Information Technology Department, College of Computer and Information Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Smart Robotics Research, College of Computer and Information Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Artificial Intelligence Center of Advance Studies (Thakaa), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Faisal
- Center of AI & Robotics, Kuwait College of Science and Technology (KCST), Kuwait City, Kuwait
- Center of Smart Robotics Research, College of Computer and Information Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Artificial Intelligence Center of Advance Studies (Thakaa), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Alwajih F, Badr E, Abdou S. Writer adaptation for E2E Arabic online handwriting recognition via adversarial multi task learning. Egyptian Informatics Journal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eij.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
The importance of online handwriting recognition technology has steadily increased in recent years. This importance stems from the rapid increase in the number of handheld devices with digital pens and styluses. In addition, a large number of currently available communication software have been designed to support handwriting boards. During the past decade, most innovation in online handwriting recognition technology was geared towards supporting languages using the Latin alphabet. There has been a lack of sufficient development of Arabic online handwriting recognition (AOHR) systems, especially ones that perform recognition at the sentence level. In this paper, we present DeepOnKHATT, an end-to-end AOHR based on bidirectional long short-term memory and the connectionist temporal classification (BLSTM-CTC). DeepOnKHATT is capable of performing recognition at the sentence level in real-time. We evaluated our system utilizing two open access databases: CHAW and Online-KHATT. Our model achieved a 4.08% character error rate (CER) and a 14.65% word error rate (WER) against the CHAW dataset and a 12.24% CER and a 28.35% WER against the Online-KHATT dataset. A Comparison of the functionality of our proposed model to that of other existing systems showed that DeepOnKHATT had outperformed these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fakhraddin Alwajih
- Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Department of Computer Science, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
| | - Eman Badr
- Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science, Technology and Innovation, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sherif Abdou
- Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Aly Fahmy
- Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Soliman A, Bayoumi A, Alkhateeb L, Alomani S, Alqudaimi A, Youssef A, Hussain H, Abdou S, Alqasem M, Aubeg J, Alshaban A, Jaroudi F, Aljumaian R, Alhouty L, Al-Saif SMA. 2229Platelet inhibition on brand and generic clopidogrel chronic therapy. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.2229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Soliman
- Saud Al-Babtain Cardiac Center (SBCC), Cardiology, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Bayoumi
- University of Sydney, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - L Alkhateeb
- Sahlgrenska Academy - University of Gothenburg, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - S Alomani
- Saud Al-Babtain Cardiac Center (SBCC), Cardiology, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Alqudaimi
- Saud Al-Babtain Cardiac Center (SBCC), Cardiology, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Youssef
- Suez Canal University, Cardiology Department, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - H Hussain
- Saud Al-Babtain Cardiac Center (SBCC), Cardiology, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Abdou
- Saud Al-Babtain Cardiac Center (SBCC), Cardiology, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Alqasem
- Saud Al-Babtain Cardiac Center (SBCC), Laboratory & Blood Bank, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - J Aubeg
- Saud Al-Babtain Cardiac Center (SBCC), Laboratory & Blood Bank, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Alshaban
- Saud Al-Babtain Cardiac Center (SBCC), Pharmacy, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - F Jaroudi
- Saud Al-Babtain Cardiac Center (SBCC), Pharmacy, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Aljumaian
- Saud Al-Babtain Cardiac Center (SBCC), Cardiology, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - L Alhouty
- Saud Al-Babtain Cardiac Center (SBCC), Cardiology, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - S M A Al-Saif
- Saud Al-Babtain Cardiac Center (SBCC), Cardiology, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hazem Raafat
- Computer Science Department, Kuwait University, Kuwait
| | | | - Sherif Abdou
- Faculty of Computers and Information, Cairo University, Egypt
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Elsanabary S, Elkaseer A, Abd-Rabbo S, AbdElsalam M, Abdou S. SURFACE GENERATION IN ULTRA-PRECISION TURNING CONSIDERING PROCESS UNCERTAINTY: MODELING AND EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION. The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering 2016; 17:1-13. [DOI: 10.21608/amme.2016.35364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Hanson RL, Habibi M, Khamo N, Abdou S, Stubbings J. Integrated clinical and specialty pharmacy practice model for management of patients with multiple sclerosis. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2014; 71:463-9. [DOI: 10.2146/ajhp130495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah L. Hanson
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago
| | - Mitra Habibi
- Department of Neurology, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, and Clinical Assistant Professor, College of Pharmacy, UIC
| | - Nehrin Khamo
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, UIC
| | - Sherif Abdou
- Specialty Pharmacy Services, Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, UIC
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Korashy L, El-Zawahry H, Abdou S, Shahin D, Sherif F, Farrag W, Abdel-Khalik O, Salem H, El-Sebaaie A. Clinical Significance of ALK-1 Gene Abnormalities in Diffuse Large Cell Lymphoma. Clin Med Insights Oncol 2012; 6:395-405. [PMID: 23239932 PMCID: PMC3516130 DOI: 10.4137/cmo.s9920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To detect relative frequency of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK-1) gene abnormality in diffuse large cell lymphoma (DLCL) using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and correlate its presence with clinicopathological features which may be useful for choice of therapy and predict survival in newly diagnosed cases. Patients and methods A prospective study was done between March 2004 and October 2009. Fifty patients newly diagnosed with DLCL were enrolled into the study. Immunophenotyping was done and detection of ALK-1 gene abnormalities were carried out by immunohistochemically (IHC) and FISH. Patients that proved to be ALK-1 positive were treated with standard cyclophosphamide –hydroxy-daunorubicin- oncovin-prednisone (CHOP) protocol. Results All ALK +ve patients achieved complete remission (CR) vs. 93.5% CR and 6.5% partial remission (PR) for ALK −ve patients respectively. Disease free survival (DFS) at 24 months was 81.8% in the CHOP-14 group (ALK-1−) vs. 100% for the CHOP-21 group (ALK-1+). Overall survival (OS) at 30 months was 80.4% in the CHOP-14 group vs. 100% for the CHOP-21 group.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Korashy
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University
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Eid MA, Attia M, Abdou S, El-Shazly SF, Elahwal L, Farrag W, Mahmoud L. BAALC and ERG expression in acute myeloid leukemia with normal karyotype: impact on prognosis. Int J Lab Hematol 2009; 32:197-205. [PMID: 19555438 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-553x.2009.01168.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Cytogenetic aberrations are important prognostic factors in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). About 45% of de novo AML lack cytogenetic abnormalities, so identification of predictive molecular markers might improve therapy. We studied the prognostic impact of brain and acute leukemia, cytoplasmic (BAALC) and ETS-related gene (ERG) expression in AML with normal karyotype. Pretreatment bone marrow samples from 30 cytogenetically normal AML patients were analysed for BAALC and ERG expression using real time RT-PCR. The patients were dichotomized at BAALC and ERG mean expression into low and high expression. BAALC showed high expression in 70% of patients and its expression did not correlate with the clinical parameters of patients. ERG was high in 33.3% of patients and its expression was associated with lower ages and higher white cell counts. With follow-up for 2 years, patients with high BAALC and high ERG had low rates of clinical remission (P < 0.005) and inferior overall survival (OS) (P < 0.001 and <0.002 for BAALC and ERG respectively). No significant association was observed between the increase in BAALC and ERG expression (P = 0.398). Multivariable analysis confirmed high BAALC expression as an independent risk factor for OS. Overexpression of BAALC and ERG either separate or concomitant predict adverse clinical outcome and may define important risk factor in cytogenetically normal AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Eid
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
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MESH Headings
- Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
- Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use
- Doxorubicin/analogs & derivatives
- Doxorubicin/therapeutic use
- Fatal Outcome
- HIV Infections/complications
- HIV Infections/drug therapy
- Humans
- Lymphoma, AIDS-Related/complications
- Lymphoma, AIDS-Related/diagnosis
- Lymphoma, AIDS-Related/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/complications
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/diagnosis
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Prednisone/therapeutic use
- Vincristine/therapeutic use
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Nicolazzi C, Abdou S, Collomb J, Marsura A, Finance C. Effect of the complexation with cyclodextrins on the in vitro antiviral activity of ganciclovir against human cytomegalovirus. Bioorg Med Chem 2001; 9:275-82. [PMID: 11249120 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(00)00247-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The toxicity of the molecules currently used in the treatment of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in immunocompromised hosts often causes interruption of the therapy. Cyclodextrins (Cds), oligosaccharides possessing a hydrophobic cavity, have the property of forming inclusion complexes with a great number of molecules, improving their bioavailability and their biological properties. In this study, we have tested the ability of three native Cds to improve the antiviral effect of ganciclovir (GCV) on two HCMV strains: AD169, a reference susceptible strain, and RC11, a GCV resistant strain. The efficacy of the GCV, expressed in IC50 values, showed no improvement in the presence of alpha-Cd, while the use of beta- and gamma-Cd improved by 6- and 4-fold, respectively, its antiviral activity tested on AD169 strain. The influence of beta- or gamma-Cd on GCV efficiency evaluated on RC11 strain showed a decrease of the IC50. Parallel NMR studies were undertaken in order to characterize formation of [GCV:Cd] complexes. The results showed that complexation between alpha- or gamma-Cd and GCV did not occur. In contrast, spectra proved that beta-Cd formed an inclusion complex with GCV. This complex was characterized in UV-Visible spectrophotometry and the influence of the beta-Cd on the GCV penetration in cells was measured. The use of Cds as carriers of antiviral drugs would be a good alternative to traditional treatment, because it may allow the administration of lower doses and so continuous treatment by reducing the toxic effects of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nicolazzi
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Université-CNRS 7565, Structure et Réactivité des Systèmes Moléculaires Complexes, UHP, Nancy, France
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Al-Omar A, Abdou S, De Robertis L, Marsura A, Finance C. Complexation study and anticellular activity enhancement by doxorubicin-cyclodextrin complexes on a multidrug-resistant adenocarcinoma cell line. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1999; 9:1115-20. [PMID: 10328296 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(99)00150-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ability of molecular complexes of [Doxorubicin (DX)-cyclodextrin (Cd)] to enhance the anticellular activity of antineoplastic drug Doxorubicin and to reverse its multidrug resistance has been investigated. A spectroscopic study of the alpha, beta, and gamma-[DX-Cds] complexes has been investigated in relation to their biological effects on a multidrug resistant (MDR) human rectal adenocarcinoma cell line (HRT-18). A ten fold enhancement of DX anticellular activity in presence of beta-cyclodextrin alone was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Al-Omar
- Unité Mixte de Recherche CNRS-Université, Structure et Réactivité des Systèmes Moléculaires Complexes, Université Henri-Poincaré, Nancy-1, and Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques 5
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Abdou S. Comparative study of functional recovery for surgically explored and conservatively managed spinal cord missile injuries. Neurosurgery 1997; 41:1218. [PMID: 9361083 DOI: 10.1097/00006123-199711000-00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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Abdou S, Collomb J, Sallas F, Marsura A, Finance C. beta-Cyclodextrin derivatives as carriers to enhance the antiviral activity of an antisense oligonucleotide directed toward a coronavirus intergenic consensus sequence. Arch Virol 1997; 142:1585-602. [PMID: 9672621 PMCID: PMC7087074 DOI: 10.1007/s007050050182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The ability of cyclodextrins to enhance the antiviral activity of a phosphodiester oligodeoxynucleotide has been investigated. A 18-mer oligodeoxynucleotide complementary to the initiation region of the mRNA coding for the spike protein and containing the intergenic consensus sequence of an enteric coronavirus has been tested for antiviral action against virus growth in human adenocarcinoma cells. The phosphodiester oligodeoxynucleotide only showed a limited effect on virus growth rate (from 12 to 34% viral inhibition in cells treated with 7.5 to 25 microM oligodeoxynucleotide, respectively, at a multiplicity of infection of 0.1 infectious particle per cell). In the same conditions, the phosphorothioate analogue exhibited stronger antiviral activity, the inhibition increased from 56 to 90%. The inhibitory effect of this analogue was antisense and sequence-specific. Northern blot analysis showed that the sequence-dependent mechanism of action appears to be the inhibition of mRNA transcription. We conclude that the coronavirus intergenic consensus sequence is a good target for an antisense oligonucleotide antiviral action. The properties of the phosphodiester oligonucleotide was improved after its complexation with cyclodextrins. The most important increase of the antiviral activity (90% inhibition) was obtained with only 7.5 microM oligonucleotide complexed to a cyclodextrin derivative, 6-deoxy-6-S-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-6-thio-cyclomalto-heptaose+ ++ in a molar ratio of 1:100. These studies suggest that the use of cyclodextrin derivatives as carrier for phosphodiester oligonucleotides delivery may be an effective method for increasing the therapeutic potential of these compounds in viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Abdou
- GEVSM, EA 1123, Université Henri Poincaré, Faculté de Pharmacie, Nancy, France
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Alkarmi T, Ijaz MK, Dar FK, Abdou S, Alharbi S, Frossard P, Naiem M. Suppression of transplant immunity in experimental trichinellosis. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 1995; 18:171-7. [PMID: 7554818 DOI: 10.1016/0147-9571(95)00005-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Skin allograft rejection in Balb/c and C57BL/6J mice following experimental infection with 300 larvae of Trichinella spiralis or Trichinella pseudospiralis was studied. Skin grafts from normal C57BL/6J mice were transplanted to infected Balb/c mice and vice versa at days 3, 10, 20 and 30 post-infection. The clinical criteria for graft rejection, scarring and graft falling, were followed. The results indicated that T. spiralis and T. pseudospiralis infections induced a significant delay in graft rejection when compared to the control groups. A maximum rejection time of 24 days was observed in T. spiralis infected C57BL/6J mice which received skin grafts from Balb/c mice on day 3 post-infection. The rejection in the uninfected control group was on day 7 post transplant. The mean rejection times for transplants on various days post-infection, with both species were very similar. Also, the rejection profiles in Balb/c mice were comparable to that observed in C57BL/6J mice, with a maximum delay of 26 days to rejection again obtained in mice transplanted on day 3 post-infection, for both species. When the skin grafts were performed 5 or 10 days prior to infection, the rejection occurred on day 7, as in the control group. The effect of T. spiralis and T. pseudospiralis soluble larval extracts (TSE or TPE) on graft rejection was also examined. Four intraperitoneal injections of 50 micrograms each of TSE or TPE every 48 h for 7 days did not induce any significant delay in graft rejection. In contrast, secretory antigens prepared from cultured larvae in vitro induced significant delays in graft rejection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- T Alkarmi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University
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Abstract
From 1987 to 1990, 215 patients aged 53 +/- 13 years underwent percutaneous mitral valvulotomy in our institution. Mean gradient dropped on average from 13 +/- 4 to 5 +/- 2 mmHg and mitral valve area increased from 1.0 +/- 0.26 to 1.97 +/- 0.5 cm2 at the end of the procedure. Good results, defined as mitral valve area greater than or equal to 1.5 cm2 and mitral regurgitation less than or equal to 2+ at the end of the procedure, were obtained in 78% of the cases. In 41 patients with a poor anatomical form of mitral stenosis, mean gradient decreased from 12 +/- 3 to 6 +/- 6 mmHg and mitral valve area increased from 1.0 +/- 0.3 to 1.7 +/- 0.5 cm2. Good results were obtained in only 50% of the patients. One third of the 3+ mitral regurgitation occurred in this subgroup of patients. In patients with prior surgical commissurotomy, in elderly people and in patients with associated valvulopathy or prosthetic aortic valve, the success rate was similarly low. A significant inverse relationship was found between X-ray and echo scores on the one hand and mitral valve area at the end of the procedure on the other, thus confirming that the results of percutaneous mitral valvulotomy are related to the anatomical form of mitral stenosis. However, patients with poor anatomical forms can undergo the procedure with an acceptable risk compared to benefit ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Bernard
- Service de Cardiologie, C.H.R.U Saint Jacques, Besancon, France
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Alkarmi T, Behbehani K, Abdou S, Ooi HK. Infectivity, reproductive capacity and distribution of Trichinella spiralis and T. pseudospiralis larvae in experimentally infected sheep. Jpn J Vet Res 1990; 38:139-46. [PMID: 2094791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Twelve Merino sheep were experimentally shown to be susceptible to infection with Trichinella spiralis or T. pseudospiralis by feeding on infected carcasses of mice or by oral intubation with recovered muscle larvae. The larvae recovered from the sheep showed variable tissue distribution. The diaphragm and tongue were most affected. The viability of the recovered larvae was confirmed by successful passage in mice. The reproductive capacity of T. spiralis in sheep was higher than that of T. pseudospiralis, and also higher than its reproductive capacity in C57BL/6J mice. The reproductive capacity of T. pseudospiralis in sheep at a lower dose was higher than that observed in mice. However at higher doses, it was significantly lower than that in mice. Therefore, it may be concluded that the sheep may be considered a suitable host for both species of Trichinella.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Alkarmi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University
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Bernard Y, Bassand JP, Anguenot T, Schiele F, Ba SA, Jacoulet P, Gugel F, Maurat JP, Abdou S. Aortic valve area evolution after percutaneous aortic valvuloplasty. A prospective trial using a combined Doppler echocardiographic and haemodynamic method. Eur Heart J 1990; 11:98-107. [PMID: 2311619 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a059681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aortic valve area was serially evaluated in 45 patients, mean age 78 years, suffering from severe aortic stenosis who underwent percutaneous aortic valvuloplasty. The aortic valve area was calculated from haemodynamic data prior to and immediately after the procedure using the mean gradient. Serial determinations of the aortic valve area were also obtained 1 day before, 1 day after and 2 months after valvuloplasty from the thermodilution cardiac output and Doppler echocardiography mean left ventricle-to-aorta gradient. The mean gradient significantly decreased from 75 +/- 24 to 42 +/- 16 mmHg (P less than 0.01) when measured from haemodynamic data and from 63 +/- 20 to 41 +/- 13 mmHg (P less than 0.01) when estimated from Doppler-derived data. It rose to 48 +/- 15 mmHg at 2 months (NS). The aortic valve area increased significantly from 0.48 +/- 0.13 to 0.67 +/- 0.29 cm2 (P less than 0.01) when calculated from haemodynamic data, and from 0.53 +/- 0.18 to 0.74 +/- 0.23 cm2 (P less than 0.01) when estimated from Doppler-derived data. It declined to 0.69 +/- 0.27 cm2 at 2 months (NS). Aortic valve area values determined from haemodynamic data and from Doppler-derived data correlated well before valvuloplasty (r = 0.80, P less than 0.01) but poorly afterwards (r = 0.57, P less than 0.01). The aortic valve area was not influenced by valvuloplasty in eight patients. At 2 months, restenosis was apparent in eight patients out of 32 that were re-evaluated. Three patients died within 5 days of the procedure. After an average 12 months' follow-up, eight more patients died. Symptoms were not influenced or recurred in 17 patients, while 17 others remained improved by at least one NYHA functional class. Seven patients were operated on, and there was one operative death. The calculated aortic valve area was significantly greater at the end of the procedure in the patients with persistent improvement compared with those with a poor result (0.83 +/- 0.29 cm2 vs 0.65 +/- 0.14 cm2, P less than 0.05). In conclusion, in this study one third of the patients submitted to percutaneous aortic valvuloplasty had no objective improvement in calculated valve area or early restenosis after 2 months. Functional improvement was observed in one third of the patients. Immediate re-estimation of the aortic valve area from haemodynamic data at the end of the procedure may not reflect the actual effect of valvuloplasty on the aortic orifice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Bernard
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Besançon, France
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