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Mao W, Yang AL, Chang SM, Li Y, Li LL, Ni HF, Dong YH. The Impact of Banana-Shaped Fragments on Trochanteric Hip Fractures Treated by PFNA. Indian J Orthop 2023; 57:1452-1460. [PMID: 37609008 PMCID: PMC10441983 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-023-00964-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Regarding trochanteric hip fractures, one type of posterior coronal fragments was described as the "banana-shaped fragment", while the impact of the banana-shaped fragment on mechanical stability has not been further studied. The current study investigated the association between the banana-shaped fragment and mechanical complications after surgery. Methods This retrospective cohort study included 273 patients treated by proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) in the full analysis. The age, the sex, the fracture side, the follow-up time, the American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, the operators, the fracture classification, the tip-apex distance, the blade positions, the reduction quality and the bone mineral density were analyzed in relation to mechanical complications, through univariate and multivariate approaches. Results Mechanical complications happened in 33 patients. The banana-shaped fragment (adjusted odds ratio 5.240, 95% CI 2.172 to 12.641; p < 0.001), the tip-apex distance and the reduction quality showed significant association with mechanical complications in both univariate and multivariate analysis. Moreover, for 118 patients with the banana-shaped fragment, we found that the use of wire cerclage couldn't significantly lower the rates of mechanical complications (p = 0.648). Conclusions The banana-shaped fragment had a negative impact on mechanical stability of trochanteric hip fractures treated by PFNA. In the perioperative period, the BSF should be carefully evaluated, and its specific handling deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Mao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 450 Tengyue Road, Shanghai, 200090 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, No. 801 Heqing Rd, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Ao-lei Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, No. 801 Heqing Rd, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Shi-min Chang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 450 Tengyue Road, Shanghai, 200090 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Division of Orthopaedics and Biotechnology, Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme Trauma and Reparative Medicine, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lin-li Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, No. 801 Heqing Rd, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Hao-fei Ni
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - You-hai Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, No. 801 Heqing Rd, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240 China
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Guan Y, Xie C, Zhang R, Zhang Z, Tian Z, Feng J, Shen X, Li H, Chang S, Zhao C, Chai R. Characterization and the cholesterol-lowering effect of dietary fiber from fermented black rice ( Oryza sativa L.). Food Funct 2023. [PMID: 37334479 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01308a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Black rice was fermented with Neurospora crassa, after which the dietary fiber (DF) extracted from it was characterized and evaluated for its cholesterol-lowering effect in mice. The findings demonstrated that fermentation increased the level of soluble DF from 17.27% ± 0.12 to 29.69% ± 0.26 and increased the adsorption capacity of DF for water, oil, cholesterol, glucose and sodium cholate. The fermented DF had a more loose and porous structure than that extracted from unfermented rice. Additionally, feeding with DF from the fermented black rice significantly reduced body weight, lowered total cholesterol levels and improved the lipid profile in mice gavaged with a high dose (5 g per kg bw) or a low dose (2.5 g per kg·bw). ELISA showed that the hepatic expression of typical proteins and enzymes that are involved in cholesterol metabolism was regulated by the fermented rice DF, leading to reduced cholesterol production and increased cholesterol clearance. The fermented DF also modified the gut microbiota composition (e.g. Firmicutes reduced and Akkermansia increased), which promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids. In conclusion, fermentation can modify the structure and function of DF in black rice and the fermented dietary fiber has excellent cholesterol lowering effects possibly by cholesterol adsorption, cholesterol metabolism modulation, and intestinal microflora regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Guan
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, 19 Taiji Road, Handan, Hebei 056000, China.
- Handan Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Foods, 19 Taiji Road, Handan, Hebei 056000, China
| | - Chanyuan Xie
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, 19 Taiji Road, Handan, Hebei 056000, China.
- Handan Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Foods, 19 Taiji Road, Handan, Hebei 056000, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, 19 Taiji Road, Handan, Hebei 056000, China.
- Handan Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Foods, 19 Taiji Road, Handan, Hebei 056000, China
| | - Ziyang Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, 19 Taiji Road, Handan, Hebei 056000, China.
- Handan Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Foods, 19 Taiji Road, Handan, Hebei 056000, China
| | - Zhenyang Tian
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, 19 Taiji Road, Handan, Hebei 056000, China.
- Handan Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Foods, 19 Taiji Road, Handan, Hebei 056000, China
| | - Jianing Feng
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, 19 Taiji Road, Handan, Hebei 056000, China.
- Handan Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Foods, 19 Taiji Road, Handan, Hebei 056000, China
| | - Xiaoyong Shen
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, 19 Taiji Road, Handan, Hebei 056000, China.
- Handan Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Foods, 19 Taiji Road, Handan, Hebei 056000, China
| | - Haiqin Li
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, 19 Taiji Road, Handan, Hebei 056000, China.
- Handan Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Foods, 19 Taiji Road, Handan, Hebei 056000, China
| | - Shimin Chang
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, 19 Taiji Road, Handan, Hebei 056000, China.
- Handan Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Foods, 19 Taiji Road, Handan, Hebei 056000, China
| | - Changhui Zhao
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Ran Chai
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, 19 Taiji Road, Handan, Hebei 056000, China.
- Handan Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Foods, 19 Taiji Road, Handan, Hebei 056000, China
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Cheng A, Wang Z, Yuan X, Liu H, Cao W, Wei W, Chang S, Han Z, Guo C, Feng Z. Additional Cover. Head Neck 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.27280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Pan Z, Li SJ, Guo H, Li ZH, Fei X, Chang SM, Yang QC, Cheng DD. Ebastine exerts antitumor activity and induces autophagy by activating AMPK/ULK1 signaling in an IPMK-dependent manner in osteosarcoma. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:537-551. [PMID: 36632464 PMCID: PMC9830506 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.69541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have confirmed that in addition to interfering with the tumor inflammatory environment, anti-inflammatory agents can directly increase apoptosis and sensitivity to conventional therapies and decrease invasion and metastasis, making them useful candidates for cancer therapy. Here, we first used high-throughput screening and had screened one compound candidate, ebastine (a H1-histamine receptor antagonist), for osteosarcoma therapy. Cell viability assays, colony formation assays, wound healing assays, and Transwell assays demonstrated that ebastine elicited antitumor effects in osteosarcoma cells. In addition, ebastine treatment exerted obvious effects on cell cycle arrest, metastasis inhibition, apoptosis and autophagy induction both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we observed that ebastine treatment triggered proapoptotic autophagy by activating AMPK/ULK1 signaling in osteosarcoma cells. Treatment with the AMPK inhibitor dorsomorphin reversed ebastine-induced apoptosis and autophagy. More importantly, we found that IPMK interacted with AMPK and functioned as a positive regulator of AMPK protein in osteosarcoma cells. A rescue study showed that the induction of autophagy and activation of the AMPK/ULK1 signaling pathway by ebastine treatment were reversed by IPMK knockdown, indicating that the activity of ebastine was IPMK dependent. We provide experimental evidence demonstrating that ebastine has antitumor activity in osteosarcoma and promotes autophagy by activating the AMPK/ULK1 signaling pathway, which is IPMK dependent. Our results provide insight into the clinical application potential of ebastine, which may represent a new potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Shi-jie Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Zhao-hui Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xiang Fei
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Shi-min Chang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Qing-cheng Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.,✉ Corresponding author: Dong-dong Cheng, Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China. E-mail: ; Qing-cheng Yang, Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China. E-mail:
| | - Dong-dong Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.,✉ Corresponding author: Dong-dong Cheng, Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China. E-mail: ; Qing-cheng Yang, Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China. E-mail:
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Cheng A, Wang Z, Yuan X, Liu H, Cao W, Wei W, Chang S, Han Z, Guo C, Feng Z. Development and validation of a nomogram for the prediction of lymph node metastasis within 2-year postoperatively in cT1-T2N0 oral squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 2023; 45:103-114. [PMID: 36226586 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current neck management for early oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has always been a controversial issue. A comprehensive model is necessary for predicting an individual's metastasis risk and appropriate patient counseling. METHODS A nomogram for predicting 2-year LNM in patients with cT1-2N0 OSCC was developed and validated using clinicopathological data from 642 patients from 2000 to 2018 in four hospitals, China. RESULTS Three variables (pathology grade, depth of invasion, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes) were included in nomogram. C-indices were 0.826 (95% CI: 0.786-0.866) and 0.726 (95% CI: 0.653-0.780) in the internal and external validation. Kaplan-Meier method found the 2-year LNM rate of high-risk group (35.8%) was much higher than that of the low-risk group (14.5%). The nomogram model has an advantage over the 8th AJCC TNM stage in predicting the individual 2-year LNM probability for early OSCC. CONCLUSION Patients with low-risk nomogram score may receive neck observation; those with high-risk score should receive END.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoming Cheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohong Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Clinical Epidemiology and EBM Unit, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shimin Chang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengxue Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanbin Guo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhien Feng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Liu M, Yang C, Xu X, Ji S, Pan Y, Han N, Chang S, Sun G. The prognostic value of retinol binding protein in geriatric hip fractures after surgeries: A propensity score matching and 1-year follow-up study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:1085. [PMID: 36510169 PMCID: PMC9743574 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-06068-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to explore the predictive value of retinol binding protein (RBP) for outcomes of hip fractures. METHODS Patients with hip fractures who underwent hip surgeries between December 2017 and February 2021 and met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. Propensity score matching was used to reduce the bias of co-factors and ROC curves based on matched populations were created to determine the optimal cutoff point of RBP. The outcomes between patients with low levels of RBP and high levels of RBP were compared. RESULTS Four hundred eighty patients were enrolled in this study and 69 patients died within one year. After a 1:1 PSM, patients with more than 1-year survival had significantly higher RBP (p = 0.013) than those who died within one year, as well as patients divided by 6-months survival (p = 0.012). Logistics analysis showed that low RBP may be an independent risk factor for 3-month survival, 6-month survival, 1-year survival, and 3-month free walking ability. CONCLUSION RBP may be associated with the survival and 3-month walking abilities of patients with hip fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchong Liu
- grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Department of Traumatic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Chensong Yang
- grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Department of Traumatic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Xian Xu
- grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Department of Traumatic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Shengchao Ji
- grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Department of Traumatic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Yutao Pan
- grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Department of Traumatic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Ning Han
- grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Department of Traumatic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Shimin Chang
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Guixin Sun
- grid.452753.20000 0004 1799 2798Department of Traumatic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
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Hu H, Teng X, Li X, Li M, Chang S. Comparison of Two Different Percutaneous Screw Fixations for Treating Herbert B2-Type Acute Scaphoid Fractures. Orthop Surg 2022; 14:3187-3194. [PMID: 36254105 PMCID: PMC9732583 DOI: 10.1111/os.13517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Scaphoid fracture was the most common carpal fracture and the most challenging. The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the clinical effects of closed reduction and percutaneous cannulated screw internal fixation under fluoroscopy and arthroscopy-assisted percutaneous cannulated screw internal fixation in the treatment of Herbert B2-type of acute scaphoid fractures. METHODS A retrospective controlled study was conducted on 29 patients with Herbert B2-type acute scaphoid fracture with a displacement of >1 mm admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to June 2021. Patients were divided into two groups, 11 patients were treated with closed reduction percutaneous cannulated screw internal fixation under fluoroscopy and 18 patients were treated with percutaneous cannulated screw internal fixation assisted by arthroscopy. The operative time, intraoperative fluoroscopy times, fracture healing time, complications, and postoperative wrist function score of the two groups were compared. RESULTS All patients were followed up for 6-18 months (mean follow-up duration: 10.38 ± 2.69 months). The respective operation times in the arthroscopy group and fluoroscopy group was 51.50 ± 6.69 min and 56.73 ± 11.48 min, respectively (p > 0.05). The number of fluoroscopies performed in the arthroscopy group was (6.83 ± 1.30), which was less than that in the fluoroscopy group (10.91 ± 2.62) (p < 0.05). All fractures in the arthroscopy group healed after the operation, and the fracture healing time was 11.44 ± 1.25W. Ten patients in the fluoroscopy group healed. The fracture healing time was 13.60 ± 2.32 W. The fracture healing time in arthroscopy group was less than that in the fluoroscopy group (p < 0.05). One patient in the fluoroscopy group had nonunion and healed after bone grafting and internal fixation. At the postoperative 6-month follow-up, the modified Mayo wrist function score was used to evaluate the clinical results. The wrist function score of patients in the arthroscopy group was 90 (85, 95), which was >80 (80, 90) in the fluoroscopy group (z = 2.74, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION For Herbert B2-type acute scaphoid fracture with fracture displacement > 1 mm, the arthroscopy-assisted percutaneous cannulated screw internal fixation has less fluoroscopy times, short fracture healing time, and good recovery effect of wrist function compared to the fluoroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoliang Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryYangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina,Department of Hand SurgeryNingbo No. 6 HospitalNingboChina
| | - Xiaofeng Teng
- Department of Hand SurgeryNingbo No. 6 HospitalNingboChina
| | - Xueyuan Li
- Department of Hand SurgeryNingbo No. 6 HospitalNingboChina
| | - Miaozhong Li
- Department of Hand SurgeryNingbo No. 6 HospitalNingboChina
| | - Shimin Chang
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryYangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina
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Hu S, Li S, Chang S, Du S, Xiong W. Surgical exposure to posterolateral quadrant tibial plateau fractures: an anatomic comparison of posterolateral and posteromedial approaches. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:346. [PMID: 35841047 PMCID: PMC9284737 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-03236-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Management of posterolateral tibial plateau quadrant fractures can be challenging, and two posterior approaches were frequently used for exposure, reduction, and fixation: posterolateral approach and posteromedial approach. The purpose of this study was to compare their deep anatomical structure and analyze their limits and the risk of injury to important structures during surgical dissection of two approaches. METHOD Five lower limb specimens were used in this study. After dissection of the skin and superficial fascia of each specimen, deep structures were dissected via posteromedial and posterolateral approach, and several parameters including perpendicular distance from the anterior tibial artery coursing through the interosseous membrane fissure to the lateral joint line and apex of fibular head and so on were measured and analyzed. RESULT The perpendicular distance from the ATA coursing through the interosseous membrane fissure to the lateral joint line was 49.3 ± 5.6 mm (range 41.3-56.7 mm), while the distance to the apex of fibular head was 37.7 ± 7.2 mm (range 29.0-48.0 mm). The transverse distance of the anterior tibial vascular bundle is around 10 mm. The perpendicular distance from the top accompanying vein of the ATA bundle to lateral joint line and apex of fibular head was 44.1 ± 6.3 mm and 32.5 ± 7.6 mm, respectively. The maximum proportion of posterolateral tibial plateau shielded by the fibular head from the posterior view was 61.7 ± 4.9% (range 55.6-64.1%). The average length of popliteus muscle outside the joint was 83.1 ± 6.0 mm (range 76.5-92.2 mm), and the width in the middle was 28.1 ± 4.3 mm (range 26.6-29.1 mm). CONCLUSION Although posterolateral approach seems more direct for exposure of posterolateral quadrant tibial plateau fracture, it has three major disadvantages in deep dissection. Posteromedial approach through the medial board of medial head of gastrocnemius-soleus may be safer, but it was hard for direct visualization of articular surface which limits it usage for only a few cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunjun Hu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 450 Tengyue Road, Shanghai, 200090, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijie Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 450 Tengyue Road, Shanghai, 200090, People's Republic of China
| | - Shimin Chang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 450 Tengyue Road, Shanghai, 200090, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shouchao Du
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 450 Tengyue Road, Shanghai, 200090, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfeng Xiong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 450 Tengyue Road, Shanghai, 200090, People's Republic of China
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Wang H, Wu W, Han C, Zheng J, Cai X, Chang S, Shi J, Xu N, Ai Z. Prediction Model of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head After Femoral Neck Fracture: Machine Learning-Based Development and Validation Study. JMIR Med Inform 2021; 9:e30079. [PMID: 34806984 PMCID: PMC8663504 DOI: 10.2196/30079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The absolute number of femoral neck fractures (FNFs) is increasing; however, the prediction of traumatic femoral head necrosis remains difficult. Machine learning algorithms have the potential to be superior to traditional prediction methods for the prediction of traumatic femoral head necrosis. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to use machine learning to construct a model for the analysis of risk factors and prediction of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) in patients with FNF after internal fixation. METHODS We retrospectively collected preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative clinical data of patients with FNF in 4 hospitals in Shanghai and followed up the patients for more than 2.5 years. A total of 259 patients with 43 variables were included in the study. The data were randomly divided into a training set (181/259, 69.8%) and a validation set (78/259, 30.1%). External data (n=376) were obtained from a retrospective cohort study of patients with FNF in 3 other hospitals. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and the support vector machine algorithm were used for variable selection. Logistic regression, random forest, support vector machine, and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) were used to develop the model on the training set. The validation set was used to tune the model hyperparameters to determine the final prediction model, and the external data were used to compare and evaluate the model performance. We compared the accuracy, discrimination, and calibration of the models to identify the best machine learning algorithm for predicting ONFH. Shapley additive explanations and local interpretable model-agnostic explanations were used to determine the interpretability of the black box model. RESULTS A total of 11 variables were selected for the models. The XGBoost model performed best on the validation set and external data. The accuracy, sensitivity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the model on the validation set were 0.987, 0.929, and 0.992, respectively. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the model on the external data were 0.907, 0.807, 0.935, and 0.933, respectively, and the log-loss was 0.279. The calibration curve demonstrated good agreement between the predicted probability and actual risk. The interpretability of the features and individual predictions were realized using the Shapley additive explanations and local interpretable model-agnostic explanations algorithms. In addition, the XGBoost model was translated into a self-made web-based risk calculator to estimate an individual's probability of ONFH. CONCLUSIONS Machine learning performs well in predicting ONFH after internal fixation of FNF. The 6-variable XGBoost model predicted the risk of ONFH well and had good generalization ability on the external data, which can be used for the clinical prediction of ONFH after internal fixation of FNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Department of Medical Statistics, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxia Han
- Department of Medical Statistics, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Zheng
- Department of Medical Statistics, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shimin Chang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junlong Shi
- Medical Record Department, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Xu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zisheng Ai
- Department of Medical Statistics, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Ahmed AI, Han Y, Alnabelsi T, Al Rifai M, Nabi F, Chang SM, Mahmarian JJ, Chamsi-Pasha MA, Al-Mallah MH. Prognostic value of computed tomography derived fractional flow reserve. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA) derived fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) has been shown to add incremental diagnostic value by providing functional severity of coronary lesion in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
Purpose
We aimed to assess the prognostic value of FFRCT in patients with suspected CAD.
Methods
Consecutive patients who had clinically indicated CCTA and FFRCT determination at a tertiary care cardiology practice were included. FFRCT was determined off-site using computational flow dynamics. Patients were followed for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE, inclusive of all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and late percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) 90-days after imaging test.)
Results
A total of 667 patients with at least Coronary Artery Disease Reporting & Data System (CAD-RADS) 2 were included. Mean age was 68±10 years, 37% were women, 73% had hypertension, 12% had diabetes and 61% had dyslipidemia. More than half (57%) of the patients had moderate (CAD-RADS 3) stenosis. FFRCT<0.8 was found in 59% of patients, with increasing percent across categories of CAD-RADS. After a median follow-up of 9 months, 52 patients (7.2%, 6.7 events per 1000 person-year) experienced a MACE. In multivariable Cox regression models adjusted for age and sex, FFRCT <0.8 significantly predicted outcomes (HR 2.48 95% CI 1.26–4.87 p=0.008). Sensitivity analysis using lower thresholds of FFRCT failed to show similar results in intermediate stenosis.
Conclusion
Our results suggest that in a real-world cohort of patients with suspected CAD, FFRCT can identify patients at higher risk of incident cardiovascular outcomes.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Ahmed
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, United States of America
| | - Y Han
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, United States of America
| | - T Alnabelsi
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, United States of America
| | - M Al Rifai
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States of America
| | - F Nabi
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, United States of America
| | - S M Chang
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, United States of America
| | - J J Mahmarian
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, United States of America
| | | | - M H Al-Mallah
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, United States of America
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11
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Feng X, Wu Z, Xu J, Xu Y, Zhao B, Pang B, Qu X, Hu L, Hu L, Fan Z, Jin L, Xia D, Chang S, Wang J, Zhang C, Wang S. Dietary nitrate supplementation prevents radiotherapy-induced xerostomia. eLife 2021; 10:70710. [PMID: 34581269 PMCID: PMC8563005 DOI: 10.7554/elife.70710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Management of salivary gland hypofunction caused by irradiation (IR) therapy for head and neck cancer remains lack of effective treatments. Salivary glands, especially the parotid gland, actively uptake dietary nitrate and secrete it into saliva. Here, we investigated the effect of dietary nitrate on the prevention and treatment of IR-induced parotid gland hypofunction in miniature pigs, and elucidated the underlying mechanism in human parotid gland cells. We found that nitrate administration prevented IR-induced parotid gland damage in a dose-dependent manner, by maintaining the function of irradiated parotid gland tissue. Nitrate could increase sialin expression, a nitrate transporter expressed in the parotid gland, making the nitrate-sialin feedback loop that facilitates nitrate influx into cells for maintaining cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis. Furthermore, nitrate enhanced cell proliferation via the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-protein kinase B (AKT)-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway in irradiated parotid gland tissue. Collectively, nitrate effectively prevented IR-induced xerostomia via the EGFR-AKT-MAPK signaling pathway. Dietary nitrate supplementation may provide a novel, safe, and effective way to resolve IR-induced xerostomia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Feng
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Salivary Gland Disease Center and Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhifang Wu
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Salivary Gland Disease Center and Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junji Xu
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Salivary Gland Disease Center and Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yipu Xu
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Salivary Gland Disease Center and Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Salivary Gland Disease Center and Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Baoxing Pang
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Salivary Gland Disease Center and Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingmin Qu
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Salivary Gland Disease Center and Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Salivary Gland Disease Center and Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Hu
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Salivary Gland Disease Center and Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhipeng Fan
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Salivary Gland Disease Center and Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Luyuan Jin
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Salivary Gland Disease Center and Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dengsheng Xia
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Salivary Gland Disease Center and Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shimin Chang
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Salivary Gland Disease Center and Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingsong Wang
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Salivary Gland Disease Center and Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Songlin Wang
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Salivary Gland Disease Center and Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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12
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Ahmed AI, Han Y, Al Rifai M, Alnabelsi T, Nabi F, Chang SM, Chamsi-Pasha MA, Nasir K, Mahmarian JJ, Cainzos-Achirica M, Al-Mallah MH. Incremental prognostic value of calcified vs non-calcified plaque burden on computed tomography angiography and myocardial perfusion imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab111.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is currently guideline-endorsed for diagnosing suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) in low-intermediate risk patients. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) has an established role in both the accurate detection of ischemia and identification of patients at high risk of future cardiovascular events. Recent studies have shown that the burden of atherosclerotic plaque is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events, and that this effect depends on the degree of calcification.
Purpose
To compare the incremental prognostic value of calcified vs non-calcified plaque burden to CCTA anatomic assessment and SPECT physiologic assessment in patients evaluated with both tests.
Methods
Consecutive patients who underwent clinically indicated CCTA and SPECT myocardial imaging for suspected CAD were included. Ischemia on SPECT was defined as summed difference score > 0 using perfusion graded on a 5-point scale. Anatomically obstructive CAD by CCTA was defined as ≥50% in the left main artery and ≥70% stenosis severity in proximal, mid and distal branches of the left anterior descending, left circumflex and right coronary artery without including side branches. Segment involvement score was defined as the sum of segments with plaque irrespective of the degree of stenosis using an 18-segment coronary artery model. A Hounsfield unit threshold of > =130 was used to classify plaques composition as calcified/mixed (C-SIS) vs non-calcified plaque (NC-SIS). Patients were followed for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE, inclusive of all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting 90-days after imaging test.)
Results
A total of 956 patients were included. (Mean age 61.1 ± 14.2 years, 54% men, 89% hypertension, 81% diabetes, 84% dyslipidemia). Obstructive stenosis (left main ≥ 50%, all other coronary segments ≥ 70%) and ischemia were observed in similar number of patients (14%). After a median follow-up of 31 months, 102 patients (11%, 29.2 events per 1000 person-year) experienced a MACE. In multivariable Cox regression models, C-SIS, but not NC-SIS significantly predicted outcomes and improved risk discrimination in models with CCTA obstructive stenosis (HR 1.14 95% CI 1.08 - 1.20 p= <0.001; Harrel’s C 0.74, p = 0.011) and SPECT ischemia (HR 1.14 95% CI 1.08 - 1.20, p < 0.001; Harrel’s C 0.76, p = 0.015).
Conclusion
In the current study of high-risk patients with suspected CAD, calcified plaque burden, but not non-calcified plaque incrementally added to measures in predicting incident cardiovascular outcomes
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Affiliation(s)
- AI Ahmed
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, United States of America
| | - Y Han
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, United States of America
| | - M Al Rifai
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States of America
| | - T Alnabelsi
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, United States of America
| | - F Nabi
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, United States of America
| | - SM Chang
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, United States of America
| | - MA Chamsi-Pasha
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, United States of America
| | - K Nasir
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, United States of America
| | - JJ Mahmarian
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, United States of America
| | | | - MH Al-Mallah
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, United States of America
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Han Y, Ahmed AI, Schwemmer C, Cocker M, Alnabelsi T, Ramirez-Giraldo JC, Al Rifai M, Nabi F, Chang SM, Al-Mallah MH. Inter-operator reliability of an onsite machine learning-based prototype to estimate CT angiography-derived fractional flow reserve. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab111.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
Advances in computed tomography (CT) and machine learning have enabled on-site non-invasive assessment of fractional flow reserve (ML-FFRCT). However, reproducibility of measurements across operators is not well demonstrated.
Purpose
This study was designed to measure the inter-operator variability and reproducibility of Coronary CT Angiography–derived fractional flow reserve values using a post-processing prototype based on a machine learning algorithm (ML-FFRCT).
Methods
We included 60 symptomatic patients who underwent coronary CT angiography. FFRCT was calculated by 2 independent operators after training using a machine learning based on-site prototype. FFRCT was measured 1 cm distal to the coronary plaque or in the middle of the segments if no coronary lesions were present. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis were used to evaluate inter-operator variability effect in FFRCT estimates. Sensitivity analysis was done by cardiac risk factors, degree of stenosis and image quality.
Results
A total of 535 coronary segments in 60 patients were assessed. The overall ICC was 0.986 per patient (95% CI: 0.977 - 0.992) and 0.972 per segment (95% CI: 0.967 - 0.977). The absolute mean difference in FFRCT estimates was 0.012 per patient (95% CI for limits of agreement: -0.035 - 0.039) and 0.02 per segment (95% CI for limits of agreement: -0.077 - 0.080). Tight limits of agreement were seen on Bland-Altman analysis. Distal segments had greater variability compared to proximal/mid segments (absolute mean difference 0.011 vs 0.025, p < 0.001). Sensitivity analysis showed similar results across degrees of stenosis, image quality and those with cardiac risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia.
Conclusion
A high degree of inter-operator reproducibility can be achieved by onsite machine learning based ML-FFRCT assessment. Future research is required to evaluate the physiological relevance and prognostic value of ML-FFRCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Han
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, United States of America
| | - AI Ahmed
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, United States of America
| | - C Schwemmer
- Computed Tomography-Research & Development, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Forchheim, Germany
| | - M Cocker
- Computed Tomography-Research Collaborations, Siemens Healthineers, Malvern, United States of America
| | - T Alnabelsi
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, United States of America
| | - JC Ramirez-Giraldo
- Computed Tomography-Research Collaborations, Siemens Healthineers, Malvern, United States of America
| | - M Al Rifai
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States of America
| | - F Nabi
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, United States of America
| | - SM Chang
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, United States of America
| | - MH Al-Mallah
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, United States of America
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14
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Tian S, Chang S, Lu Y, Zhu J, Kong X. The association between intracompartmental pressure and skeletal muscle recovery after tibial diaphyseal fractures: an ambispective cohort study. J Orthop Traumatol 2021; 22:18. [PMID: 33959802 PMCID: PMC8102659 DOI: 10.1186/s10195-021-00579-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the special anatomy of the lower leg, tibial diaphyseal fracture causes increased intracompartmental pressure (ICP). Not only is this increased ICP the manifestation of skeletal muscle injury, but it induces further deterioration of the injury. The aim of this study was to assess the association between short-term ICP elevation and long-term skeletal muscle recovery after severe limb trauma. METHODS In this single-center ambispective cohort study, we retrospectively screened and recruited a cohort of tibial diaphyseal fracture patients with integrated ICP data during the early post-traumatic period, and performed a prospective observational study to evaluate their skeletal muscle recovery through long-term follow-up and MR imaging after the removal of the implants. We analyzed the association between ICP elevation and skeletal muscle recovery using statistical methods. RESULTS A total of 46 patients with healed fractures underwent intramedullary nail removal and MR imaging. The absolute values of the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients between various ICP parameters and the cross-sectional area ratio (CSAR) ranged from 0.588 to 0.793, and the correlation coefficients between the ICP parameters and the average T2-weighted signal intensity ratio (T2SIR) varied from 0.566 to 0.775. Statistically significant associations were observed between the ICP parameters and the MR imaging parameters when simple linear regression analysis was performed. Among the ICP parameters, the accumulated ΔP (ΔP = diastolic blood pressure minus ICP) had the highest determination coefficient and explained 62.1% and 59.1% of the variance in CSAR and T2SIR, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Short-term ICP elevation was associated with long-term skeletal muscle recovery following tibial diaphyseal fracture, especially for ICP data that integrated time factors. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 450, Teng Yue Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200090, People's Republic of China.,Department of Emergency Traumatic Surgery, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Shimin Chang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 450, Teng Yue Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200090, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yaogang Lu
- Department of Emergency Traumatic Surgery, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Jianhua Zhu
- Department of Emergency Traumatic Surgery, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Xuqiang Kong
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, 201318, China
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15
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Li B, Xiong W, Chang S. [Research progress on intra-articular screw penetration in proximal humeral fracture treated with locking plate]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021; 35:403-408. [PMID: 33855821 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.202010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective To review the research progress on intra-articular screw penetration in proximal humeral fracture treated with locking plate. Methods The domestic and foreign literature about the proximal humeral fracture treated with locking plate was extensively reviewed. The incidence of screw penetration and risk factors were summarized from both primary and secondary screw penetrations, and the reasons of the intra-articular screw penetration and the technical solutions to avoid the penetration were analyzed. Results The incidence of intra-articular screw penetration is about 11%-30%, which includes primary and secondary screw penetrations. The primary screw penetration is related to improper operation, inaccurate measurement, and "Steinmetz solid" effect, which results in inadequate fluoroscopy and blind zone. The secondary screw penetration is related to the loss of reduction and varus, collapse, and necrosis of the humeral head. The risk factors for intra-articular screw penetration include the bone mass density, the fracture type, the quality of fracture reduction, the applied location, number, and length of the plate and screws, and whether medial column buttress is restored. Improved fracture reduction, understanding the geometric distribution of screws, good intraoperative fluoroscopy, and reconstruction of medial column buttress stability are the key points for success. Conclusion The risk of the intra-articular screw penetration in the proximal humeral fractures treated with locking plates is still high. Follow-up studies need to further clarify the cause and mechanism of screw penetration, and the risk factors that lead to screw penetration, in order to effectively prevent the occurrence of this complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200090, P.R.China
| | - Wenfeng Xiong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200090, P.R.China
| | - Shimin Chang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200090, P.R.China
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16
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Hu S, Du S, Xiong W, Chen S, Song H, Chang S. [Effectiveness of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation for high plane intertrochanteric femur fractures]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021; 35:307-311. [PMID: 33719238 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.202007114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) in treatment of high plane intertrochanteric femur fractures. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 33 patients who underwent closed reduction and PFNA fixation for high plane intertrochanteric femur fracture between January 2016 and June 2019. There were 12 males and 21 females with an average age of 75.1 years (mean, 47-89 years). The fractures were caused by falling from height in 21 cases, by traffic accident in 7 cases, and by other injuries in 5 cases. Fractures were classified as type A in 14 cases and type B in 19 cases according to self-defined fracture classification criteria; and as type 31-A1.2 in 14 cases and as type 31-A2.2 in 19 cases according to AO/Orthopedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) classification criteria. The time from injury to operation was 2-5 days (mean, 2.7 days). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay, fracture reduction quality, fracture healing time, internal fixation failure, and Parker-Palmer score were recorded. Results The operation time was 40-75 minutes (mean, 55 minutes). The intraoperative blood loss was 50-150 mL (mean, 64 mL). The hospital stay was 5-15 days (mean, 8.7 days). All incisions healed by first intention. Twenty-eight patients were followed up 12-18 months with an average of 13.6 months. The fracture reduction quality was rated as excellent in 9 cases (32.1%), good in 17 cases (60.7%), and poor in 2 cases (7.1%) by Chang's criteria. Parker-Palmer score was 6-9 (mean, 7.9) at last follow-up. Conclusion High plane intertrochanteric femur fracture is a special type of intertrochanteric fracture, which can be diagnosed by imaging examination. PFNA fixation can achieve satisfactory results and prevent the occurrence of internal fixation failure effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunjun Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200090, P.R.China
| | - Shouchao Du
- Department of Orthopedics, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200090, P.R.China
| | - Wenfeng Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200090, P.R.China
| | - Shiyi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200090, P.R.China
| | - Hui Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200090, P.R.China
| | - Shimin Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200090, P.R.China
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17
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Chen S, Yang M, Chang S. LncRNA CCAL Promotes Angiogenesis Through Regulating the MiR-29b/ANGPTL4 Axis in Osteosarcoma. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:10521-10530. [PMID: 33122950 PMCID: PMC7591080 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s272230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The objective of this study was to detect the expression of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) colorectal cancer-associated lncRNA (CCAL) in osteosarcoma tissues and to investigate its role in angiogenesis and the potential molecular mechanisms associated with this effect in osteosarcoma. Materials and Methods CCAL expression in 40 osteosarcoma tissues and 40 noncancerous tissues was measured by qRT-PCR (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction). Tube formation assays were performed to explore the role of CCAL in angiogenesis in osteosarcoma. In addition, the regulatory interaction between CCAL, miR-29b, and ANGPTL4 was investigated via luciferase reporter assay and bioinformatics predictive analysis. Results Compared with noncancerous tissues, the expression of CCAL was markedly upregulated in osteosarcoma tissues. Higher CCAL expression levels were closely related to shorter overall survival in patients with osteosarcoma. Additionally, functional analysis indicated that CCAL could facilitate tumour angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo in osteosarcoma. Mechanistically, CCAL upregulated ANGPTL4 expression in osteosarcoma cells, and ANGPTL4 mediated angiogenic induction by CCAL in osteosarcoma. Moreover, CCAL directly targeted miR-29b in osteosarcoma. More importantly, we demonstrated that CCAL upregulated the expression of ANGPTL4 by sponging miR-29b, which promoted angiogenesis in osteosarcoma. Conclusion Our results show that CCAL promotes angiogenesis by regulating the miR-29b/ANGPTL4 axis in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjia Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Shimin Chang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, People's Republic of China
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Ma L, Hu L, Jin L, Wang J, Li X, Wang W, Chang S, Zhang C, Wang J, Wang S. Rebalancing glucolipid metabolism and gut microbiome dysbiosis by nitrate-dependent alleviation of high-fat diet-induced obesity. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/1/e001255. [PMID: 32843498 PMCID: PMC7449567 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity is accompanied by compromised nitric oxide (NO) signaling and gut microbiome dysregulation. Inorganic dietary nitrate, which acts as a NO donor, exerts beneficial effects on metabolic disorders. Here, we evaluated the effects of dietary nitrate on HFD-induced obesity and provided insights into the underlying mechanism. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS To investigate the preventive effect of dietary nitrate on HFD-induced obesity, C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned into four groups (n=10/group), including normal control diet group (normal water and chow diet), HFD group (normal water and HFD), HFD+NaNO3 group (water containing 2 mM NaNO3 and HFD), and HFD+NaCl group (water containing 2 mM NaCl and HFD). During the experiment, body weight was monitored and glucolipid metabolism was evaluated. The mechanism underlying the effects of nitrate on HFD-induced obesity was investigated by the following: the NO3--NO2--NO pathway; endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels; gut microbiota via 16SRNA analysis. RESULTS Dietary nitrate reduced the body weight gain and lipid accumulation in adipose and liver tissues in HFD-fed mice. Hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance caused by HFD were improved in mice supplemented with nitrate. The level of eNOS was upregulated by nitrate in the serum, liver, and inguinal adipose tissue. Nitrate, nitrite, and cGMP levels were decreased in mice fed on HFD but reversed in the HFD+NaNO3 group. Nitrate also rebalanced the colon microbiota and promoted a normal gut microbiome profile by partially attenuating the impacts of HFD. Bacteroidales S24-7, Alistipes, Lactobacillus, and Ruminococcaceae abundances were altered, and Bacteroidales S24-7 and Alistipes abundances were higher in the HFD+NaNO3 group than that in the HFD group. CONCLUSIONS Inorganic dietary nitrate alleviated HFD-induced obesity and ameliorated disrupted glucolipid metabolism via NO3--NO2--NO pathway activation and gut microbiome modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linsha Ma
- Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Stomatology Department, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Outpatient Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Luyuan Jin
- Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangyi Wang
- Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangchun Li
- Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Weili Wang
- Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Shimin Chang
- Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Stomatology Department, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jingsong Wang
- Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Songlin Wang
- Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Zhang Y, Sun Y, Liao S, Chang S. Three-Dimensional Mapping of Medial Wall in Unstable Pertrochanteric Fractures. Biomed Res Int 2020; 2020:8428407. [PMID: 32596385 PMCID: PMC7285401 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8428407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Unstable pertrochanteric fractures are usually treated with internal fixation, and the integrity of the anteromedial cortex is an important factor for stability and healing. In this study, we described and analyzed the three-dimensional mapping technology and morphological characteristics of pertrochanteric fractures. METHODS Fifty-nine pertrochanteric fractures (OTA/AO 2007 types 31A2) were retrospectively reviewed. Computed tomographic (CT) images for all fractures were superimposed on a standard template. Medial wall integrity was analyzed, and three-dimensional fracture maps were created. RESULTS Pertrochanteric fractures always have a posterior defect in the medial cortex. The mean width of the defect, in our study, was 21.5 mm (SD: 6.1 mm, range: 10-40 mm), 56.3% (SD: 13.7%, range: 27.5-100%). Bone segments that contact by the anteromedial cortex were 16.5 mm (SD: 5.3 mm, range: 0-29 mm). CONCLUSION The integrity of the anteromedial cortex should be considered during internal fixation of femoral trochanteric fractures. These morphological characteristics could be used to form postoperative cortical contact and improve stability of the fixation. Three-dimensional mapping technology can help establish a typical fracture model, thereby improving doctors' understanding of fracture characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yeqing Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shenghui Liao
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shimin Chang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Hu L, Jin L, Xia D, Zhang Q, Ma L, Zheng H, Xu T, Chang S, Li X, Xun Z, Xu Y, Zhang C, Chen F, Wang S. Nitrate ameliorates dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis by regulating the homeostasis of the intestinal microbiota. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 152:609-621. [PMID: 31811920 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) involves chronic inflammation, loss of epithelial integrity, and gastrointestinal microbiota dysbiosis. Effective therapies for IBD have not been established. Accordingly, in this study, we evaluated the effects of inorganic nitrate, a potent nitric oxide (NO) donor and microbiota regulator, in a mouse model of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. Mice were pretreated with NaNO3 (2 mM) in their drinking water for 5 days, and NaCl was used as a control. Feces were collected for microbiota analyses. The results showed that oral administration of dietary nitrate could maintained colon consistency, improved colon length, maintained body weight, decreased apoptosis in colon epithelial cells, and ameliorated inflammatory cell infiltration in both the colon and peripheral blood. Microbiota profiling revealed that nitrate regulated dysbiosis. Analysis of the top bacteria at the genus level showed that Bacteroidales_S24-7_group_unidentified, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, and Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 decreased in the DSS group compared with that in the normal group, whereas Lactobacillus, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, and Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 were increased in the DSS + NaNO3 group compared with that in the DSS group. The enriched bacteria in the nitrate group included Gordonibacter, Ureaplasama, and Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006. Moreover, microbiota analysis revealed that nitrate could partially decrease the enriched metabolic pathways (p53 signaling pathway and colorectal cancer pathway) compared with that in the DSS and DSS + NaCl groups. Overall, these findings indicated that nitrate could ameliorate DSS-induced colitis by decreasing inflammation, reducing apoptosis, and regulating the microbiota by activation of the NO3-/NO2-/NO pathway. Nitrate might be a potential treatment for colitis patients in the future clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Hu
- Salivary Gland Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Outpatient Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Luyuan Jin
- Salivary Gland Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Department of general dentistry and emergency dental care, School of Stomatology, Capital medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dengsheng Xia
- Salivary Gland Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Department of general dentistry and emergency dental care, School of Stomatology, Capital medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, China
| | - Linsha Ma
- Salivary Gland Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, China; Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tiansong Xu
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, China
| | - Shimin Chang
- Salivary Gland Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangchun Li
- Salivary Gland Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Xun
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, China
| | - Yipu Xu
- Salivary Gland Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Department of general dentistry and emergency dental care, School of Stomatology, Capital medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Salivary Gland Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, China.
| | - Songlin Wang
- Salivary Gland Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medicine, Beijing, China.
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Guo W, Chang S, Cao J, Wu L, Shen R, Ye Y. Precisely Controlled Reactive Multilayer Films with Excellent Energy Release Property for Laser-Induced Ignition. Nanoscale Res Lett 2019; 14:301. [PMID: 31468257 PMCID: PMC6715763 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-3124-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Three types of reactive multilayer films (RMFs) were integrated to the energetic flyer plates (EFPs) by depositing TiO2, MnO2, and CuO onto aluminum films with different modulation periods using magnetron sputtering technology in this study. The effects of the laser ignition property and laser reflectivity on the RMFs and the thermal behavior of the RMFs were analyzed and compared with those of a single-layer Al film. A high-speed video, photonic Doppler velocimetry (PDV), and a thermal analysis were utilized to characterize the flame morphology, EFP velocity, and chemical thermal behavior, respectively. The surface reflectivities of the TiO2/Al, MnO2/Al, and CuO/Al layers were measured using laser reflectivity spectrometers. The results showed that RMFs with smaller modulation periods exhibited excellent laser ignition performances, and EFP with MnO2/Al had the best performance. These RMFs achieved flame durations of 120-220 μs, maximum flame areas of 7.523-11.476 mm2, and reaction areas of 0.153-0.434 mm2 (laser-induced with 32.20 J/cm2). Flyer velocities of 3972-5522 m/s were obtained in the EFPs by changing the material and modulation period of the RMFs. Furthermore, the rate of the chemical reaction and laser energy utilization were also enhanced by reducing the modulation period and using different material. This behavior was consistent with a one-dimensional nanosecond-laser-induced plasma model. The RMFs of MnO2/Al exhibited the highest level of energy release and promoted laser energy utilization, which could better improve the performance of laser ignition for practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094 China
| | - Shimin Chang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094 China
| | - Jinle Cao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094 China
| | - Lizhi Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094 China
| | - Ruiqi Shen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094 China
| | - Yinghua Ye
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094 China
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Li X, Hu L, Ma L, Chang S, Wang W, Feng Y, Xu Y, Hu J, Zhang C, Wang S. Severe periodontitis may influence cementum and dental pulp through inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. J Periodontol 2019; 90:1297-1306. [DOI: 10.1002/jper.18-0604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangchun Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function ReconstructionCapital Medical University School of Stomatology Beijing P. R. China
- Department of Stomatologythe First Hospital of Qinhuangdao Hebei P. R. China
| | - Liang Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function ReconstructionCapital Medical University School of Stomatology Beijing P. R. China
| | - Linsha Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function ReconstructionCapital Medical University School of Stomatology Beijing P. R. China
| | - Shimin Chang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function ReconstructionCapital Medical University School of Stomatology Beijing P. R. China
| | - Weili Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function ReconstructionCapital Medical University School of Stomatology Beijing P. R. China
| | - Yuanyong Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function ReconstructionCapital Medical University School of Stomatology Beijing P. R. China
| | - Yipu Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function ReconstructionCapital Medical University School of Stomatology Beijing P. R. China
| | - Jinchao Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function ReconstructionCapital Medical University School of Stomatology Beijing P. R. China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function ReconstructionCapital Medical University School of Stomatology Beijing P. R. China
| | - Songlin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function ReconstructionCapital Medical University School of Stomatology Beijing P. R. China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyCapital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences Beijing P. R. China
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Chang S, Hu L, Xu Y, Li X, Ma L, Feng X, Wang J, Zhang C, Wang S. Inorganic Nitrate Alleviates Total Body Irradiation-Induced Systemic Damage by Decreasing Reactive Oxygen Species Levels. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018; 103:945-957. [PMID: 30458235 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the protective effect of inorganic nitrate against systemic damage in a mouse model of total body gamma irradiation (TBI). METHODS AND MATERIALS C57BL/6 mice in the irradiation (IR) + NaNO3 group were pretreated with 2 mmol/L NaNO3 in their drinking water for 1 week before receiving 5 Gy irradiation. Animals that received only 5 Gy irradiation were designated as the IR group. Survival and body weight were monitored. The peripheral blood lymphocytes, heart, liver, lung, and submandibular gland were harvested and assessed. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured in the lung and submandibular gland. We examined phosphorylated histone H2AX (p-H2AX) and p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) as markers of early-stage DNA damage and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and Bax/caspase 3 mRNA expression as markers of apoptosis. RESULTS No improvement of survival was observed in the IR + NaNO3 group after TBI, but body weight loss after 5 Gy TBI was significantly attenuated in the IR + NaNO3 group. The levels of peripheral blood erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets at 7 days postirradiation recovered with nitrate treatment; moreover, the p-H2AX level in the peripheral blood lymphocytes was much lower in the IR + NaNO3 group at 2 and 4 hours post irradiation. In the lung and submandibular gland, the levels of p-H2AX, 53BP1 and ROS as well as TUNEL staining were significantly decreased in the IR + NaNO3 group compared with those in the IR group. Gene expression of Bax and caspase 3 was decreased in both the lung and submandibular gland with nitrate treatment, indicating attenuation of apoptosis. CONCLUSION Inorganic nitrate delivery could effectively prevent TBI-induced systemic damage. Nitrate-mediated decreases in ROS levels may contribute to this systemic protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Chang
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yipu Xu
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangchun Li
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Linsha Ma
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Feng
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jingsong Wang
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Songlin Wang
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Hu L, Zhu Z, Hai B, Chang S, Ma L, Xu Y, Li X, Feng X, Wu X, Zhao Q, Qin L, Wang J, Zhang C, Liu F, Wang S. Intragland Shh gene delivery mitigated irradiation-induced hyposalivation in a miniature pig model. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:4321-4331. [PMID: 30214623 PMCID: PMC6134926 DOI: 10.7150/thno.26509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Irreversible hypofunction of salivary glands is common in head and neck cancer survivors treated with radiotherapy and can only be temporarily relieved with current treatments. We found recently in mouse models that transient activation of Hedgehog pathway following irradiation rescued salivary gland function by preserving salivary stem/progenitor cells, parasympathetic innervation and microvessels. Due to huge differences between salivary glands of rodents and humans, to examine the translational potential of this approach, we evaluated effects of Shh gene transfer in a miniature pig model of irradiation-induced hyposalivation. Methods: The right parotid of each pig was irradiated with a single dose of 20 Gray. Shh and control GFP genes were delivered into irradiated parotid glands by noninvasive retrograde ductal instillation of corresponding adenoviral vectors 4 or 16 weeks after irradiation. Parotid saliva was collected every two weeks. Parotid glands were collected 5 or 20 weeks after irradiation for histology, Western blot and qRT-PCR assays. Results: Shh gene delivery 4 weeks after irradiation significantly improved stimulated saliva secretion and local blood supply up to 20 weeks, preserved saliva-producing acinar cells, parasympathetic innervation and microvessels as found in mouse models, and also activated autophagy and inhibited fibrogenesis in irradiated glands. Conclusion: These data indicate the translational potential of transient activation of Hedgehog pathway to preserve salivary function following irradiation.
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Wang H, Li W, Xu J, Zhang T, Zuo D, Zhou Z, Lin B, Wang G, Wang Z, Sun W, Sun M, Chang S, Cai Z, Hua Y. Corrigendum: NDRG1 inhibition sensitizes osteosarcoma cells to combretastatin A-4 through targeting autophagy. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e3131. [PMID: 29072693 PMCID: PMC5680923 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.438.
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Wang H, Li W, Xu J, Zhang T, Zuo D, Zhou Z, Lin B, Wang G, Wang Z, Sun W, Sun M, Chang S, Cai Z, Hua Y. NDRG1 inhibition sensitizes osteosarcoma cells to combretastatin A-4 through targeting autophagy. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e3048. [PMID: 28906492 PMCID: PMC5636982 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Combretastatin A-4 (CA-4), a tubulin-depolymerizing agent, shows promising antitumor efficacy and has been under several clinical trials in solid tumors for 10 years. Autophagy has an important pro-survival role in cancer therapy, thus targeting autophagy may improve the efficacy of antitumor agents. N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) is a significant stress regulatory gene, which mediates cell survival and chemoresistance. Here we reported that CA-4 could induce cell-protective autophagy, and combination treatment of CA-4 and autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) exerted synergistic cytotoxic effect on human osteosarcoma (OS) cells. Meanwhile, CA-4 or CQ could increase the expression of NDRG1 independently. We further performed mechanistic study to explore how CA-4 and CQ regulate the expression of NDRG1. Using luciferase reporter assay, we found that CA-4 transcriptionally upregulated NDRG1 expression, whereas CQ triggered colocalization of NDRG1 and lysosome, which subsequently prevented lysosome-dependent degradation of NDRG1. Further, we showed that knockdown of NDRG1 caused the defect of lysosomal function, which accumulated LC3-positive autophagosomes by decreasing their fusion with lysosomes. Moreover, NDRG1 inhibition increased apoptosis in response to combination treatment with CA-4 and CQ. Taken together, our study revealed abrogation of NDRG1 expression sensitizes OS cells to CA-4 by suppression of autophagosome–lysosome fusion. These results provide clues for developing more effective cancer therapeutic strategies by the concomitant treatment with CA-4 and clinical available autophagy inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongsheng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Oncology, Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongqing Zuo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zifei Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Binhui Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gangyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuoying Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengxiong Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shimin Chang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengdong Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingqi Hua
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
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Chang S, Cui X, Guo M, Tian Y, Xu W, Huang K, Zhang Y. Insoluble Dietary Fiber from Pear Pomace Can Prevent High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in Rats Mainly by Improving the Structure of the Gut Microbiota. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 27:856-867. [DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1610.10058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Shen L, Liu Y, Zhang C, Guo Q, Huang W, Wong KKL, Chang S. Peroneal perforator pedicle propeller flap for lower leg soft tissue defect reconstruction: Clinical applications and treatment of venous congestion. J Int Med Res 2017; 45:1074-1089. [PMID: 28345420 PMCID: PMC5536429 DOI: 10.1177/0300060516687229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To describe the characteristics of the perforator vessel in the peroneal artery of the lower leg and to explore the use of perforator pedicle propeller flaps to repair soft tissue defects in the lower leg, heel and foot. Methods This retrospective study enrolled patients with soft tissue defects of the distal lower leg, heel and foot who underwent surgery using peroneal perforator-based propeller flaps. The peroneal artery perforators were identified preoperatively by colour duplex Doppler ultrasound. The flap was designed based on the preoperatively-identified perforator location, with the posterior border of the fibula employed as an axis, and the perforator vessel as the pivot point of rotation. Patients were followed-up to determine the outcomes. Results The study analysed 36 patients (mean age, 39.7 years). The majority of the soft tissue defects were on the heel (20; 55.6%). The donor-site of the flap was closed in 11 patients by direct suturing and skin grafting was undertaken in 25 patients. Postoperative complications included venous congestion (nine patients), which was managed with delayed wound coverage and bleeding therapy. All wounds were eventually cured and the flaps were cosmetically acceptable. Conclusions The peroneal perforator pedicle propeller flap is an appropriate choice to repair soft tissue defects of the distal limbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhejiang Province Tongde Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Lifeng Shen, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhejiang Province Tongde Hospital, 234 Gucui Road, Hangzhou 310012, China.
| | - Yiyang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhejiang Province Tongde Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhejiang Province Tongde Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qiaofeng Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhejiang Province Tongde Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wenhua Huang
- Institute of Clinical Anatomy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kelvin Kian Loong Wong
- School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Shimin Chang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yangpu Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Wang R, Liu C, Gao Q, Hou M, Liang L, Yao Y, Ma Z, Jin Z, Chang S. [Application of Le Fort Ⅲ osteotomy with minimal invasive approach in the treatment of midfacial hypoplasia]. Zhonghua Zheng Xing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2016; 32:93-97. [PMID: 30024682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe a minimal invasive approach in the Le Fort Ⅲ osteotomy procedure. METHODS 33 cases with midfacial hypoplasia were treated by Le Fort Ⅲ osteotomy.Incisions were performed with minimal invasive approach,through lower eyelid,intraoral and upper eyelid crease or medial part of eyebrow instead of coronal incision.After the completion of osteotomy,distraction osteogenesis or orthognathic procedures were followed. RESULTS The midfacial segments achieved enough advancement without obvious relapse.Bleeding and operative time were reduced compared with coronal approach.No obvious scar was left. CONCLUSION The Le Fort Ⅲ osteotomy procedure could be successfully performed through minimal approach with steady results and minimal scars.
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Li QL, Zhang ZF, Xia P, Wang YJ, Wu ZY, Jia YH, Chang SM, Chu MX. A SNP in the 3'-UTR of HSF1 in dairy cattle affects binding of target bta-miR-484. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:12746-55. [PMID: 26505425 DOI: 10.4238/2015.october.19.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The heat shock transcription factor 1 gene (HSF1) plays a key role in the heat stress response. We previously found a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the 3'-untranslated region (g.4693G>T) of HSF1 that was related to thermo tolerance in Chinese Holstein cattle through association analysis. However, it is not known whether other SNPs also affect thermo tolerance.In this study a novel SNP, g.1451G>T, was identified by DNA sequencing and genotyped using creating restriction site-polymerase chain reaction methodology. The g.1451G>T polymorphic site met Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05). Association analysis demonstrated that this SNP had no effect on thermo tolerance traits in Holstein cattle. Findings of the study compared to the analysis of g.4693 G>T further indicated that g.4693 G>T may play an important role in thermo tolerance, although the mechanism is not clear. RNA hybrid and Targetscan prediction showed that the minimum free energy hybridization of bta-miR-484 with HSF1 3'-UTR was -31.9 kcal/mol and g.4693 G>T was in the seed sequence of bovine HSF1 that binds to bta-miR-484. Analysis by Luciferase assay indicated that HSF1 expression was directly targeted by bta-miR-484 in HEK 293T cells, and the Rluc/luc ratio of wildtype (GG) was lower than that of the mutant (TT) (P < 0.05). These results suggest that g.4693 G>T affects binding of HSF1 to bta-miR-484.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q L Li
- College of Life Sciences, Edible and Medicinal Fungi Research and Development Center, Langfang Teachers University, Langfang, China
| | - Z F Zhang
- Veterinary Administration Office, Langfang Agricultural Bureau, Langfang, China
| | - P Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Edible and Medicinal Fungi Research and Development Center, Langfang Teachers University, Langfang, China
| | - Y J Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Edible and Medicinal Fungi Research and Development Center, Langfang Teachers University, Langfang, China
| | - Z Y Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Edible and Medicinal Fungi Research and Development Center, Langfang Teachers University, Langfang, China
| | - Y H Jia
- College of Life Sciences, Edible and Medicinal Fungi Research and Development Center, Langfang Teachers University, Langfang, China
| | - S M Chang
- College of Life Sciences, Edible and Medicinal Fungi Research and Development Center, Langfang Teachers University, Langfang, China
| | - M X Chu
- Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Chen H, Chang S, Pan J. Recent progress in the diagnosis and treatment of posterior tibial plateau fractures. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:5640-5648. [PMID: 26131147 PMCID: PMC4484037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The posterior tibial plateau fracture is drawing increasing attention from orthopedists in recent years with the popularity of CT. However, due to the particular and severity of posterior tibial plateau fracture, there is still controversy in its classification and treatment. It is very difficult to achieve the ideal reduction and fixation by conventional techniques and approaches. The modified posterior approach is favorable for posterior tibial plateau fracture, but disadvantages remain. Recently, the lateral approach is applied by doctors. It is ideal for treatment of posterior tibial plateau fracture. Because of the complexity of local anatomical structure, the operative management of posterior tibial plateau fractures is a contentious issue as revealed in the recent surge of published literature addressing the surgical approach. This review mainly summaries the diagnosis, classification and surgery of the posterior tibial plateau fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Yiwu Central HospitalYiwu 322000, China
| | - Shimin Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji UniversityShanghai 200433, China
| | - Jun Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical CollegeWenzhou 325000, China
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Hu SJ, Chang SM, Li XH, Yu GR. Outcome comparison of Lisfranc injuries treated through dorsal plate fixation versus screw fixation. Acta Ortop Bras 2014; 22:315-20. [PMID: 25538478 PMCID: PMC4273957 DOI: 10.1590/1413-78522014220600576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this prospective study was to test whether the treatment of Lisfranc injuries with open reduction and dorsal plate fixation would have the same or better functional outcomes as treatment with standard trans-articular screw fixation. METHODS: Sixty patients with primarily isolated Lisfranc joint injury were treated by open reduction and dorsal plate fixation or standard screw fixation. The patients were followed on average for 31 months. Evaluation was performed with patients' chief complaint, clinical examination, radiography, and AOFAS Midfoot Scale. RESULTS: Thirty two patients were treated with open reduction and dorsal plate fixation, and twenty eight patients were treated with open reduction and screw fixation. After two years follow-up, the mean AOFAS Midfoot score was 83.1 points in the dorsal plate fixation group and 78.5 points in the screw fixation group (p<0.01). Of the dorsal plate fixation group, radiographic analysis revealed anatomic reduction in twenty-nine patients (90.6%, 29/32) and nonanatomic reduction in three patients. Of the screw fixation group, radiographic analysis revealed anatomic reduction in twenty-three patients and nonanatomic reduction in five patients (82.1%, 23/28). CONCLUSIONS: Open reduction and dorsal plate fixation for a dislocated Lisfranc injury do have better short and median term outcome and a lower reoperation rate than standard screw ORIF. In our experience, we recommend using dorsal plate in ORIF on dislocated Lisfranc injuries. Level of Evidence II, Prospective Comparative Study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-jun Hu
- Tongji University, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Xiao-hua Li
- Tongji University, People's Republic of China
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Yeang CH, Ma GC, Hsu HW, Lin YS, Chang SM, Cheng PJ, Chen CA, Ni YH, Chen M. Genome-wide normalized score: a novel algorithm to detect fetal trisomy 21 during non-invasive prenatal testing. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014; 44:25-30. [PMID: 24700679 DOI: 10.1002/uog.13377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Non-invasive prenatal testing for fetal trisomy 21 (T21) by massively parallel shotgun sequencing (MPSS) is available for clinical use but its efficacy is limited by several factors, e.g. the proportion of cell-free fetal DNA in maternal plasma and sequencing depth. Existing algorithms discard DNA reads from the chromosomes for which testing is not being performed (i.e. those other than chromosome 21) and are thus more susceptible to diluted fetal DNA and limited sequencing depth. We aimed to describe and evaluate a novel algorithm for aneuploidy detection (genome-wide normalized score (GWNS)), which normalizes read counts by the proportions of DNA fragments from chromosome 21 in normal controls. METHODS We assessed the GWNS approach by comparison with two existing algorithms, i.e. Z-score and normalized chromosome value (NCV), using theoretical approximations and computer simulations in a set of 86 cases (64 euploid and 22 T21 cases). We then validated GWNS by studying an expanded set of clinical samples (n = 208). Finally, dilution experiments were undertaken to compare performance of the three algorithms (Z-score, NCV, GWNS) when fetal DNA concentration was low. RESULTS At fixed levels of significance and power, GWNS required a smaller fetal DNA proportion and fewer total MPSS reads compared to Z-score or NCV. In dilution experiments, GWNS also outperformed the other two methods by reaching the correct diagnosis with the lowest range of fetal DNA concentrations (GWNS, 3.83-4.75%; Z-score, 4.75-5.22%; NCV, 6.47-8.58%). CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that GWNS is comparable to Z-score and NCV methods regarding the performance of detecting fetal T21. Dilution experiments suggest that GWNS may perform better than the other methods when fetal fraction is low.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Yeang
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Wang X, Chang SM, Yu GR, Rao ZT. Clinical value of the Ottawa ankle rules for diagnosis of fractures in acute ankle injuries. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63228. [PMID: 23646202 PMCID: PMC3640009 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Ottawa ankle rules (OAR) are clinical decision guidelines used to identify whether patients with ankle injuries need to undergo radiography. The OAR have been proven that their application reduces unnecessary radiography. They have nearly perfect sensitivity for identifying clinically significant ankle fractures. Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess the applicability of the OAR in China, to examine their accuracy for the diagnosis of fractures in patients with acute ankle sprains, and to assess their clinical utility for the detection of occult fractures. Methods In this prospective study, patients with acute ankle injuries were enrolled during a 6-month period. The eligible patients were examined by emergency orthopedic specialists using the OAR, and then underwent ankle radiography. The results of examination using the OAR were compared with the radiographic results to assess the accuracy of the OAR for ankle fractures. Patients with OAR results highly suggestive of fracture, but no evidence of a fracture on radiographs, were advised to undergo 3-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT). Results 183 patients with ankle injuries were enrolled in the study and 63 of these injuries involved fractures. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the OAR for detection of fractures of the ankle were 96.8%, 45.8%, 48.4% and 96.5%, respectively. Our results suggest that clinical application of the OAR could decrease unnecessary radiographs by 31.1%. Of the 21 patients with positive OAR results and negative radiographic findings who underwent 3D-CT examination, five had occult fractures of the lateral malleolus. Conclusions The OAR are applicable in the Chinese population, and have high sensitivity and modest specificity for the diagnosis of fractures associated with acute ankle injury. They may detect some occult fractures of the malleoli that are not visible on radiographs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Walker SY, Pierre RB, Christie CDC, Chang SM. Neurocognitive function in HIV-positive children in a developing country. Int J Infect Dis 2013; 17:e862-7. [PMID: 23562357 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2013.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to characterize neurological outcomes and determine the prevalence of HIV encephalopathy in a cohort of HIV-infected children in Jamaica. METHODS Data for 287 HIV-infected children presenting between 2002 and 2008 were reviewed and neurological outcomes characterized. A nested case-control study was conducted between July and September 2009 used 15 randomly selected encephalopathic HIV-infected children aged 7-10 years and 15 matched controls (non-encephalopathic HIV-infected). Their neurocognitive functions were evaluated using clinical assessment and standardized tests for intelligence, short term memory (visuo-spatial and auditory), selective attention, and fine motor and coordination functions. Outcomes were compared using Fisher's exact test and the Mann-Whitney U-test. RESULTS Sixty-seven (23.3%) children were encephalopathic. The median age at diagnosis of HIV encephalopathy was 1.6 years (interquartile range (IQR) 1.1-3.4 years). Predominant abnormalities were delayed milestones (59, 88.1%), hyperreflexia (59, 86.5%), spasticity (50, 74.6%), microcephaly (42, 61.7%), and quadriparesis (21, 31.3%). The median age of tested children was 8.7 years (IQR 7.6-10.8 years) in the encephalopathic group and 9 years (IQR 7.4-10.7 years) in the non-encephalopathic group. Encephalopathic children performed worse in all domains of neurocognitive function (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS A high prevalence of HIV encephalopathy was noted, and significant neurocognitive dysfunction identified in encephalopathic children. Optimized management through the early identification of neurological impairment and implementation of appropriate interventions is recommended to improve quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Walker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
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Barajas RF, Hess CP, Phillips JJ, Von Morze CJ, Yu JP, Chang SM, Nelson SJ, McDermott MW, Berger MS, Cha S. Super-resolution track density imaging of glioblastoma: histopathologic correlation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2013; 34:1319-25. [PMID: 23413250 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Super-resolution track density imaging generates anatomic images with submillimeter voxel resolution by using high-angular-resolution diffusion imaging and fiber-tractography. TDI within the diseased human brain has not been previously described. The purpose of this study was to correlate TDI with histopathologic features of GBM. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 43 tumor specimens (24 contrast-enhancing, 12 NE, and 7 centrally necrotic regions) were collected from 18 patients with treatment-naïve GBM by use of MR imaging-guided neurosurgical techniques. Immunohistochemical stains were used to evaluate the following histopathologic features: hypoxia, architectural disruption, microvascular hyperplasia, and cellular proliferation. We reconstructed track density maps at a 0.25-mm isotropic spatial resolution by using probabilistic streamline tractography combined with constrained spheric deconvolution (model order, 8; 0.1-mm step size; 1 million seed points). Track density values were obtained from each tissue site. A P value of .05 was considered significant and was adjusted for multiple comparisons by use of the false discovery rate method. RESULTS Track density was not significantly different between contrast-enhancing and NE regions but was more likely to be elevated within regions demonstrating aggressive histopathologic features (P < .05). Significant correlation between relative track density and hypoxia (odds ratio, 3.52; P = .01), architectural disruption (odds ratio, 3.49; P = .03), and cellular proliferation (odds ratio, 1.70; P = .05) was observed irrespective of the presence or absence of contrast enhancement. CONCLUSIONS Numeric values of track density correlate with GBM biologic features and may be clinically useful for identification of regions of tumor infiltration within both enhancing and NE components of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Barajas
- Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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Xie Z, Jiang Y, Liao EY, Chen Y, Pennypacker SD, Peng J, Chang SM. PIKE mediates EGFR proliferative signaling in squamous cell carcinoma cells. Oncogene 2012; 31:5090-8. [PMID: 22349826 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 12/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
One of the key drivers for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) proliferation is activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a known proto-oncogene. However, the mechanism of EGFR-dependent SCC proliferation remains unclear. Our previous studies indicate that epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced SCC cell proliferation requires the SH3 domain of phospholipase C-γ1 (PLC-γ1), but not its catalytic activity. The SH3 domain of PLC-γ1 is known to activate the short form of nuclear phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase enhancer (PIKE) that enhances the activity of nuclear class Ia phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) required for proliferation. However, PIKE has been described for more than a decade to be present exclusively in neuronal cells. In the present study, we found that PIKE was highly expressed in malignant human keratinocytes (SCC4 and SCC12B2) but had low expression in normal human keratinocytes. Immunohistochemical analysis showed strong nuclear staining of PIKE in human epidermal and tongue SCC specimens but little staining in the adjacent non-cancerous epithelium. Treatment of SCC4 cells with EGF-induced translocation of PLC-γ1 to the nucleus and binding of PLC-γ1 to the nuclear PIKE. Knockdown of PLC-γ1 or PIKE blocked EGF-induced activation of class Ia PI3K and protein kinase C-ζ and phosphorylation of nucleolin in the nucleus as well as EGF-induced SCC cell proliferation. However, inhibition of the catalytic activity of PLC-γ1 had little effect. These data suggest that PIKE has a critical role in EGF-induced SCC cell proliferation and may function as a proto-oncogene in SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Xie
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Yao Y, Huang H, Chang S, Wang C, Wang G. [The effect of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and osteoprotegerin in trans-sutural distraction osteogenesis]. Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2012; 30:425-429. [PMID: 22934505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if locally administered bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) improved osteogenesis and new bone formation by trans-sutural distraction osteogenesis. METHODS Twenty four dogs were divided into three groups randomly and received new internal trans-sutural distraction osteogenesis treatment. Five days after operation, infusion apparatus with double-tube was inserted to submucosa near the distracted zone to deliver controlled release agent of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)/fibrin sealant (rhBMP-2/PLGA/FS) in group A and group C. Recombinant human osteoprotegerin/fibrin sealant (rhOPG/ FS) was injected three weeks later in group B and group C. Histology staining and bone histomorphometry were used to measure the changes of maxillary bone sutura after distraction for 1, 2, 4 and 6 weeks. RESULTS New bone formation observed in distracted zone showed a significant increase in group A and C. Transmission electron microscope showed the osteoblast and osteocyte were active with dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum and a large number of chondriosomes and Golgi complex. After distraction for 6 weeks, indexes of osteoblast of group A, B, and C were 38.5 +/- 7.7, 35.7 +/- 6.5, and 41.7 +/- 11.0, indexes of osteoclast (Ioc) were 5.9 +/- 1.0, 1.2 +/- 0.3, and 2.8 +/- 0.4, bone trabecula thicknesses were (38.36 +/- 13.28), (66.20 +/- 9.16), and (51.85 +/- 9.92) microm respectively. Increased bone density and decreased Ioc were found in group B and C. CONCLUSION The new elastic distractor is effective in inducing new bone formation. BMP-2 and OPG combination acts synergistically, and leads to significant enhancement of bone formation and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Yao
- Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical College, Jinzhou 121000, China
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Wang X, Chang SM, Yu GR, Ma Z. A simple method to protect the great saphenous vein and saphenous nerve in percutaneous plate fixation of distal tibial fractures. Injury 2012; 43:1216-8. [PMID: 22525725 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2012.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Revised: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China.
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Ma Z, Chang SM, Huang YG. Re: Predictive factors for cutting-out in femoral intramedullary nailing [Injury 2010:41(December (12));1312-16]. Injury 2012; 43:1222-3. [PMID: 21733515 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2011.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/15/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Wang X, Chang SM, Yu GR. Anteromedial coronoid facet fractures. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2012; 23:251-5. [DOI: 10.1007/s00590-012-0990-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Chang SM, Hou CL. Staggered rhizotomy of anterior and posterior sacral roots for bladder reservoir function in spinal cord injury: a canine experimental study and preliminary clinical report. Orthop Surg 2012; 1:164-70. [PMID: 22009834 DOI: 10.1111/j.1757-7861.2009.00025.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report an experimental study and preliminary clinical results of staggered anterior and posterior sacral rhizotomy for restoring function of the bladder and preventing reflex incontinence in supra-conal spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS Ten T10 spinal cord transected mongrel dogs were divided into three groups. In group 1 (n= 2), laminectomy only was performed (control). In group 2 (n= 4), all L7-S3 posterior roots were microsurgically cut (complete deafferentation). And in group 3 (n= 4), the L7, S1, S3 posterior roots and S2 anterior root were cut (staggered deafferentation and deefferentation). Intraoperative electrical stimulation and postoperative cystometrography (CMG) were carried out. In the clinic, three patients with spastic bladder caused by a supra conal complete SCI underwent staggered rhizotomy and were followed up for 6 years. RESULTS In the canine experimental study, resection of the S2 anterior root combined with L7, S1 and S3 posterior rhizotomy, stimulating the S2 posterior root (four dogs) resulted in a minimal rise in pressure in the bladder and urethra, which was only about 10% of that obtained by stimulating the S2 proximal posterior root while its anterior counterpart was intact (eight dogs, Student's t-test, P < 0.01). The CMG study showed that groups 2 and 3 had similar volume/pressure curves; in both groups the tendency was to develop flaccid bladders. In the clinic, three cases underwent staggered rhizotomy of the anterior and posterior roots in S3 and S4. Good bladder reservoir and compliance was achieved over six years of follow-up. CONCLUSION Staggered rhizotomy of the anterior and posterior sacral roots at different spinal cord levels has the same denervation effect as a complete posterior rhizotomy, and good bladder reservoir function can be achieved by this procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-min Chang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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Pernalete N, Tang F, Chang SM, Cheng FY, Vetter P, Stegemann M, Grantner J. Development of an evaluation function for eye-hand coordination robotic therapy. IEEE Int Conf Rehabil Robot 2012; 2011:5975423. [PMID: 22275624 DOI: 10.1109/icorr.2011.5975423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This paper is the continuation of a work presented at ICORR 07, in which we discussed the possibility of improving eye-hand coordination in children diagnosed with this problem, using a robotic mapping from a haptic user interface to a virtual environment. Our goal is to develop, implement and refine a system that will assess and improve the eye-hand coordination and grip strength in children diagnosed with poor graphomotor skills. A detailed analysis of patters (e.g., labyrinths, letters and angles) was conducted in order to select three very distinguishable levels of difficulty that could be included in the system, and which would yield the greatest benefit in terms of assessment of coordination and strength issues as well as in training. Support algorithms (position, force, velocity, inertia and viscosity) were also developed and incorporated into the tasks in order to introduce general computer assistance to the mapping of the user's movements to the computer screen without overriding the user's commands to the robotic device. In order to evaluate performance (given by %accuracy and time) of the executed tasks, a sophisticated evaluation function was designed based on image analysis and edge detection algorithms. This paper presents the development of the haptic tasks, the various assistance algorithms, the description of the evaluation function and the results of a study implemented at the Motor Development Clinic at Cal Poly Pomona. The results (Accuracy and Time) of this function are currently being used as inputs to an Intelligent Decision Support System (described in), which in turn, suggests the next task to be executed by the subject based on his/her performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Pernalete
- California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, USA.
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Kim JM, Chang SM, Muramatsu H, Ohashi T, Matsuzawa O, Shirakawabe Y, Kim IH, Kim WS. Novel microcantilever design for versatile mass sensor application. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2011; 11:3134-3140. [PMID: 21776680 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2011.3723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a new microcantilever design for versatile mass sensor application. The novel comb-type cantilever provides a sensitive microcantilever structure for normal sensor application, and its sensing responses are compared with those of a commercial cantilever. While the comb-type cantilever has a similar total surface area to the commercial cantilever, there is a distinct difference in the design of the regional surface area. The results for a static charge interaction, used to compare the sensitivity of normal sensor applications, show a significant resonant frequency change for the comb-type cantilever when compared with that for the commercial cantilever, indicating the importance of the large surface area in the highly sensitive cantilever region. Thus, a schematic structure of a microcantilever for fabricating a highly sensitive mass sensor is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dong-A University, 840 Hadan-dong, Saha, Busan 604-714, Korea
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Huang YG, Yu GR, Chang SM. Letter to the editor: Posterior malleolar stabilization of syndesmotic injuries is equivalent to screw fixation. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2010; 468:3132; author reply 3133. [PMID: 20811790 PMCID: PMC2947696 DOI: 10.1007/s11999-010-1542-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-gang Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, 389 Xin Cun Road, Shanghai, 200065 China
| | - Guang-rong Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, 389 Xin Cun Road, Shanghai, 200065 China
| | - Shi-min Chang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, 389 Xin Cun Road, Shanghai, 200065 China
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Tseng KC, Hsieh YH, Lin CW, Chang SM, Wei CK. Aneurysms of the left gastric and splenic arteries presenting with massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Endoscopy 2009; 41 Suppl 2:E131-2. [PMID: 19544262 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1214662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K C Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Buddhist Dalin Tzu Chi General Hospital, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the levels of serum sCD44v6 in patients with oral cancer and evaluate the value of serum sCD44v6 in adjuvant diagnosis, staging and monitoring treatment response in these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 112 hospitalized patients with oral and maxillofacial malignancy and 28 healthy individuals were examined for serum sCD44v6 levels. Venous blood was collected from these patients and the healthy individuals. One week after treatment, venous blood was collected once again in 60 patients with oral and maxillofacial squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). RESULTS The sCD44v6 concentration was not significantly different between patients with oral and maxillofacial malignancy and control group (P > 0.05). The levels of serum sCD44v6 in patients with OSCC and salivary carcinoma showed no difference with those in control group (P > 0.05). The sCD44v6 level in patients with stage III and IV disease was higher than that of patients with stage I and II and that of the control group, but the difference was not significant (P > 0.05). Serum sCD44v6 levels in patients with OSCC after treatment became lower than that prevailed during pretreatment (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The possible roles of CD44v6 in the diagnosis of oral and maxillofacial malignancy deserve further elucidation and evaluation. Serum sCD44v6 may be a valuable marker in monitoring treatment response in patients with OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Chang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
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Xing RD, Chang SM, Li JH, Li H, Han ZX. Serum hyaluronan levels in oral cancer patients. Chin Med J (Engl) 2008; 121:327-330. [PMID: 18304465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyaluronan (HA) is most likely associated with tumor invasion and metastasis. Studies have shown that HA levels are often increased in serum of patients with various malignant tumors. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of serum hyaluronan in patients with oral cancer and evaluate the value of serum HA in adjuvant diagnosis, staging and monitoring treatment response in these patients. METHODS Eighty-four hospitalized patients with oral cancer, 65 patients with benign tumors in the oral and maxillofacial region and 67 healthy individuals were included in this investigation. Venous blood was collected from these patients and the healthy individuals before therapy. One week after therapy, venous blood was collected once again in 43 patients with oral cancer. Serum samples were obtained and serum HA levels examined. RESULTS The serum HA concentration was significantly higher in oral cancer patients than in patients with benign tumors and in healthy controls (P<0.05). The serum HA level in patients with stages III and IV disease was higher than in patients with stages I and II disease, but there was no significant difference in the HA level between stages I and II nor between stages III and IV (P>0.05). After a complete treatment the HA levels in patients with oral cancer became lower than before treatment, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that the determination of HA levels may provide additional information in diagnosis of oral cancer, but its usefulness as an adjunct in clinical staging and in monitoring treatment response was limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-dong Xing
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing 100050, China.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) and dynamic susceptibility-contrast MR imaging (DSC-MR imaging) are functional in vivo techniques for assessing tumor metabolism and vasculature characteristics. Because tumor hypoxia is influenced by tortuous, degraded, swollen, and angiogenic tumor vasculature, regions of abnormal perfusion parameters should coexist with changes in lactate and creatine metabolite levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS DSC-MR imaging and lactate-edited MRSI were performed on 38 treatment-naive patients with high-grade gliomas (17 grade III, 21 grade IV) before surgical diagnosis. Regions of abnormal perfusion were determined from peak height and percent recovery maps for each voxel within the spectroscopic imaging volume. Choline, creatine, and lactate levels within voxels experiencing only abnormal peak height (aPH), only abnormal recovery (aRec), and both abnormal peak height and recovery (aPH+aRec) were determined and compared to the surrounding T2 hyperintensity (T2h) and normal-appearing white matter. RESULTS There were decreasing trends in volume from aPH to aRec to aPH+aRec regions for both grade III and grade IV gliomas. Grade IV gliomas exhibited significantly elevated choline in all abnormal perfusion regions, with reduced creatine and increased lactate in the aRec region relative to the surrounding T2h. Grade III gliomas showed trends toward increased creatine within the aPH region and reduced levels within the aRec region. CONCLUSION Depressed creatine and elevated lactate levels confirmed the lack of oxygenation within regions of compromised vascular integrity. Identification of regions with leaky or dense vasculature and metabolic markers of hypoxia and cellular proliferation could be useful in determining the more aggressive part of the tumor for targeting, monitoring, and assessing effects of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Lupo
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
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50
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Abstract
Aortic dissection is a disease of immediate consequence,as mortality of a proximal dissection is in excess of 50% when left untreated. Early recognition of the dissection event can lead to faster definitive correction with surgical and/or novel percutaneous approaches. Widely varying signs and symptoms can, however, make this diagnosis a challenge, further complicated by the fact that no specific imaging modality is ideal, nor immediately available, in all cases. Care must be taken inpatients where methodical evaluation is difficult,including physical exam, standard electrocardiogram and chest X-ray, before more definitive imaging. This is a case of aortic dissection that is presented as concomitant ST elevation myocardial infarction and embolic stroke, in which the patient received thrombolytics before diagnosis of the dissection itself. This arguably may have worsened her clinical course.
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