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Sandoval-Talamantes AK, Mori MÁ, Santos-Simarro F, García-Miñaur S, Mansilla E, Tenorio JA, Peña C, Adan C, Fernández-Elvira M, Rueda I, Lapunzina P, Nevado J. Chromosomal Microarray in Patients with Non-Syndromic Autism Spectrum Disorders in the Clinical Routine of a Tertiary Hospital. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040820. [PMID: 37107578 PMCID: PMC10137620 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) comprise a group of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) characterized by deficits in communication and social interaction, as well as repetitive and restrictive behaviors, etc. The genetic implications of ASD have been widely documented, and numerous genes have been associated with it. The use of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) has proven to be a rapid and effective method for detecting both small and large deletions and duplications associated with ASD. In this article, we present the implementation of CMA as a first-tier test in our clinical laboratory for patients with primary ASD over a prospective period of four years. The cohort was composed of 212 individuals over 3 years of age, who met DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for ASD. The use of a customized array-CGH (comparative genomic hybridization) design (KaryoArray®) found 99 individuals (45.20%) with copy number variants (CNVs); 34 of them carried deletions (34.34%) and 65 duplications (65.65%). A total of 28 of 212 patients had pathogenic or likely pathogenic CNVs, representing approximately 13% of the cohort. In turn, 28 out of 212 (approximately 12%) had variants of uncertain clinical significance (VUS). Our findings involve clinically significant CNVs, known to cause ASD (syndromic and non-syndromic), and other CNVs previously related to other comorbidities such as epilepsy or intellectual disability (ID). Lastly, we observed new rearrangements that will enhance the information available and the collection of genes associated with this disorder. Our data also highlight that CMA could be very useful in diagnosing patients with essential/primary autism, and demonstrate the existence of substantial genetic and clinical heterogeneity in non-syndromic ASD individuals, underscoring the continued challenge for genetic laboratories in terms of its molecular diagnosis.
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2
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Pacio-Miguez M, Parrón-Pajares M, Gordon CT, Santos-Simarro F, Rodríguez Jiménez C, Mena R, Rueda Arenas I, F Montaño VE, Fernández M, Solís M, Del Pozo Á, Amiel J, García-Miñaur S, Palomares-Bralo M. Broadening the phenotypic spectrum of EVEN-PLUS syndrome through identification of HSPA9 pathogenic variants in the original EVE dysplasia family and two sibs with milder facial phenotype. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:2819-2824. [PMID: 35779070 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
EVEN-PLUS syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the mitochondrial chaperone called mortalin, encoded by HSPA9. This genetic disorder, presenting with several overlapping features with CODAS syndrome, is characterized by the involvement of the Epiphyses, Vertebrae, Ears, and Nose (EVEN), PLUS associated findings. Only five individuals presenting with the EVEN-PLUS phenotype and biallelic variants in HSPA9 have been published. Here, we expand the phenotypic and molecular spectrum associated with this disorder, reporting two sibs with a milder phenotype and compound heterozygous pathogenic variants (a recurrent variant and a novel one). Also, we confirm a homozygous pathogenic variant in the family originally reported as EVE dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pacio-Miguez
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Parrón-Pajares
- Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico. Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,Skeletal Dysplasia Multidisciplinary Unit (UMDE) and European Reference Network on Rare Bone Diseases ERN-BOND, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christopher T Gordon
- INSERM U1163, Université de Paris, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,Service de Génomique des Maladies Rares, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Fernando Santos-Simarro
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Skeletal Dysplasia Multidisciplinary Unit (UMDE) and European Reference Network on Rare Bone Diseases ERN-BOND, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,ITHACA-European Reference Network, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rocio Mena
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Rueda Arenas
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - María Fernández
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Solís
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángela Del Pozo
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jeanne Amiel
- INSERM U1163, Université de Paris, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,Service de Génomique des Maladies Rares, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Sixto García-Miñaur
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,ITHACA-European Reference Network, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Palomares-Bralo
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,ITHACA-European Reference Network, Madrid, Spain.,Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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3
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Pérez-Grijalba V, García-Oguiza A, López M, Armstrong J, García-Miñaur S, Mesa-Latorre JM, O'Callaghan M, Pineda Marfa M, Ramos-Arroyo MA, Santos-Simarro F, Seidel V, Domínguez-Garrido E. New insights into genetic variant spectrum and genotype-phenotype correlations of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome in 39 CREBBP-positive patients. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e972. [PMID: 31566936 PMCID: PMC6825870 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rubinstein‐Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by broad thumbs and halluces, intellectual disability, distinctive facial features, and growth retardation. Clinical manifestations of RSTS are varied and overlap with other syndromes’ phenotype, which makes clinical diagnosis challenging. CREBBP is the major causative gene (55%–60% of the cases), whereas pathogenic variants found in EP300 represent the molecular cause in 8% of RSTS patients. A wide range of CREBBP pathogenic variants have been reported so far, including point mutations (30%–50%) and large deletions (10%). Methods The aim of this study was to characterize the CREBBP genetic variant spectrum in 39 RSTS patients using Multiplex Ligation‐dependent Probe Amplification and DNA sequencing techniques (Sanger and Trio‐based whole‐exome sequencing). Results We identified 15 intragenic deletions/duplications, ranging from one exon to the entire gene. As a whole, 25 de novo point variants were detected: 4 missense, 12 nonsense, 5 frameshift, and 4 splicing pathogenic variants. Three of them were classified as of uncertain significance and one of the patients carried two different variants. Conclusion Seventeen of the 40 genetic variants detected were reported for the first time in this work contributing, thus, to expand the molecular knowledge of this complex disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - María López
- Center for Biomedical Research (CIBIR), Fundación Rioja Salud, Logroño, Spain
| | - Judith Armstrong
- Hospital Sant Joan de Déu (HSJD), CIBERER. Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sixto García-Miñaur
- Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Mar O'Callaghan
- Hospital Sant Joan de Déu (HSJD), CIBERER. Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercé Pineda Marfa
- Hospital Sant Joan de Déu (HSJD), CIBERER. Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Fernando Santos-Simarro
- Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Seidel
- Clinical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
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4
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Blackburn PR, Zepeda-Mendoza CJ, Kruisselbrink TM, Schimmenti LA, García-Miñaur S, Palomares M, Nevado J, Mori MA, Le Meur G, Klee EW, Le Caignec C, Lapunzina P, Isidor B, Babovic-Vuksanovic D. Variable expressivity of syndromic BMP4-related eye, brain, and digital anomalies: A review of the literature and description of three new cases. Eur J Hum Genet 2019; 27:1379-1388. [PMID: 31053785 PMCID: PMC6777538 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-019-0423-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Microphthalmia with brain and digital anomalies (MCOPS6, MIM# 607932) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by loss-of-function variants or large deletions involving BMP4, which encodes bone morphogenetic protein 4, a member of the TGF-β protein superfamily. BMP4 has a number of roles in embryonic development including neurogenesis, lens induction, development of cartilage and bone, urogenital development, limb and digit patterning, hair follicle regeneration, as well as tooth formation. In addition to syndromic microphthalmia, BMP4 variants have been implicated in non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate and congenital healed cleft lip indicating different allelic presentations. MCOPS6 subjects may also lack some of the major phenotypic hallmarks of the disorder, including microphthalmia, indicating variable expressivity. As only a handful of individuals with MCOPS6 have been described, we review the clinical findings in previously reported cases with either deletions or loss-of-function variants in BMP4. We describe three new cases, including two subjects with novel deletions and one subject with a likely pathogenic de novo nonsense variant [c.1052C>G, p.(S351*)] in BMP4. One of the subjects had dual molecular diagnoses including a co-occurring microdeletion at 17q21.31 associated with Koolen de Vries syndrome, which has a partially overlapping disease phenotype. None of these individuals had clinically apparent microphthalmia or anopthalmia, which have been reported in a majority of previously described cases. One subject had exophthalmia and strabismus, while another had bilateral Peters anomaly and sclerocornea, thus expanding the phenotype associated with BMP4 loss-of-function variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick R Blackburn
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Teresa M Kruisselbrink
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Lisa A Schimmenti
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sixto García-Miñaur
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Palomares
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julián Nevado
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - María A Mori
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Eric W Klee
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Pablo Lapunzina
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Dusica Babovic-Vuksanovic
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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5
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Henríquez-Recine MA, Marquina-Lima KS, Vallespín-García E, García-Miñaur S, Benitez Del Castillo JM, Boto de los Bueis A. Correction to: Heredity and in vivo confocal microscopy of punctiform and polychromatic pre-Descemet dystrophy. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2019; 257:1059. [DOI: 10.1007/s00417-019-04276-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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6
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Villafuerte B, Natera-de-Benito D, González A, Mori MA, Palomares M, Nevado J, García-Miñaur S, Lapunzina P, González-Granado LI, Allende LM, Moreno JC. The Brain-Lung-Thyroid syndrome (BLTS): A novel deletion in chromosome 14q13.2-q21.1 expands the phenotype to humoral immunodeficiency. Eur J Med Genet 2018; 61:393-398. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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7
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Henríquez-Recine MA, Marquina-Lima KS, Vallespín-García E, García-Miñaur S, Benitez Del Castillo JM, Boto de Los Bueis A. Heredity and in vivo confocal microscopy of punctiform and polychromatic pre-Descemet dystrophy. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2018; 256:1661-1667. [PMID: 29728753 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-018-3993-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe and analyze the biomicroscopic features and in vivo confocal microscopy of the crystalline form of pre-Descemet corneal dystrophy (PDCD). METHODS We examined two non-related families using biomicroscopy, in vivo confocal microscopy, and a genetic study using a gene panel test, looking for mutations in the PIKFYVE gene. RESULTS A slit-lamp examination of the first family revealed polychromatic crystalline punctiform opacities distributed all over the stroma in 8 of 11 family members in three generations with an autosomal dominant inheritance. The second family showed in three of four members in two generations the same opacities located in the pre-Descemet region. It was also a hint for autosomal dominant inheritance. The in vivo confocal microscopy identified numerous rounded and hyperreflective stromal particles measuring 10-15 μm in diameter, with the highest density in the posterior stroma and with normal keratocytes. No systemic disease was diagnosed. No variants or mutations were identified in PIKFYVE gene. CONCLUSIONS Polychromatic deposits in patients with Punctiform and Polychromatic Pre-Descemet corneal dystrophy can be located not only in the deep stroma but also in the anterior and middle stroma. Our presentation reveals the possibility of considering this characteristic corneal disorder as a corneal dystrophy of its own and not as a subtype of pre-Descemet corneal dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Angélica Henríquez-Recine
- Department of Ophthalmology, La Paz University Hospital, idiPaz, Sor Ángela de la Cruz road, number 9, 7A door, 28020, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Kelly Sonia Marquina-Lima
- Department of Ophthalmology, La Paz University Hospital, idiPaz, Sor Ángela de la Cruz road, number 9, 7A door, 28020, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Ana Boto de Los Bueis
- Department of Ophthalmology, La Paz University Hospital, idiPaz, Sor Ángela de la Cruz road, number 9, 7A door, 28020, Madrid, Spain
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8
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López M, García-Oguiza A, Armstrong J, García-Cobaleda I, García-Miñaur S, Santos-Simarro F, Seidel V, Domínguez-Garrido E. Rubinstein-Taybi 2 associated to novel EP300 mutations: deepening the clinical and genetic spectrum. BMC Med Genet 2018; 19:36. [PMID: 29506490 PMCID: PMC5839060 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-018-0548-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is a rare autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by broad thumbs and halluces. RSTS is caused by mutations in CREBBP and in EP300 genes in 50–60% and 8%, respectively. Up to now, 76 RSTS-EP300 patients have been described. We present the clinical and molecular characterization of a cohort of RSTS patients carrying EP300 mutations. Methods Patients were selected from a cohort of 72 individuals suspected of RSTS after being negative in CREBBP study. MLPA and panel-based NGS EP300 were performed. Results Eight patients were found to carry EP300 mutations. Phenotypic characteristics included: intellectual disability (generally mild), postnatal growth retardation, infant feeding problems, psychomotor and language delay and typical facial dysmorphisms (microcephaly, downslanting palpebral fissures, columella below the alae nasi, and prominent nose). Broad thumbs and/or halluces were common, but angulated thumbs were only found in two patients. We identified across the gene novel mutations, including large deletion, frameshift mutations, nonsense, missense and splicing alterations, confirming de novo origin in all but one (the mother, possibly underdiagnosed, has short and broad thumbs and had learning difficulties). Conclusions The clinical evaluation of our patients corroborates that clinical features in EP300 are less marked than in CREBBP patients although it is difficult to establish a genotype-phenotype correlation although. It is remarkable that these findings are observed in a RSTS-diagnosed cohort; some patients harbouring EP300 mutations could present a different phenotype. Broadening the knowledge about EP300-RSTS phenotype may contribute to improve the management of patients and the counselling to the families.
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Affiliation(s)
- María López
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Fundación Rioja Salud, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
| | | | - Judith Armstrong
- Servei de Medicina Genètica i Molecular, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica and Department of Neurology Hospital Sant Joan de Déu (HSJD), CIBERER, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada García-Cobaleda
- Unidad de Fertilidad y Diagnóstico Genético, Hospital Univ. Ntra. Sra. de La Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Sixto García-Miñaur
- Sección de Genética Clínica, INGEMM (Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular), U753, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Santos-Simarro
- Sección de Genética Clínica, INGEMM (Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular), U753, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Seidel
- Clinical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
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9
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Gordo G, Tenorio J, Arias P, Santos-Simarro F, García-Miñaur S, Moreno JC, Nevado J, Vallespin E, Rodriguez-Laguna L, de Mena R, Dapia I, Palomares-Bralo M, Del Pozo Á, Ibañez K, Silla JC, Barroso E, Ruiz-Pérez VL, Martinez-Glez V, Lapunzina P. mTOR mutations in Smith-Kingsmore syndrome: Four additional patients and a review. Clin Genet 2018; 93:762-775. [PMID: 28892148 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Smith-Kingsmore syndrome (SKS) OMIM #616638, also known as MINDS syndrome (ORPHA 457485), is a rare autosomal dominant disorder reported so far in 23 patients. SKS is characterized by intellectual disability, macrocephaly/hemi/megalencephaly, and seizures. It is also associated with a pattern of facial dysmorphology and other non-neurological features. Germline or mosaic mutations of the mTOR gene have been detected in all patients. The mTOR gene is a key regulator of cell growth, cell proliferation, protein synthesis and synaptic plasticity, and the mTOR pathway (PI3K-AKT-mTOR) is highly regulated and critical for cell survival and apoptosis. Mutations in different genes in this pathway result in known rare diseases implicated in hemi/megalencephaly with epilepsy, as the tuberous sclerosis complex caused by mutations in TSC1 and TSC2, or the PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum (PROS). We here present 4 new cases of SKS, review all clinical and molecular aspects of this disorder, as well as some characteristics of the patients with only brain mTOR somatic mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gordo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Endocrinology Section, Overgrowth Syndromes Laboratory, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Vascular Malformations Section, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - J Tenorio
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Endocrinology Section, Overgrowth Syndromes Laboratory, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - P Arias
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Endocrinology Section, Overgrowth Syndromes Laboratory, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - F Santos-Simarro
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Clinical Genetics Section, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - S García-Miñaur
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Clinical Genetics Section, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - J C Moreno
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Endocrinology Section, Overgrowth Syndromes Laboratory, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - J Nevado
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Structural and Functional Genomics Section, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - E Vallespin
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Structural and Functional Genomics Section, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - L Rodriguez-Laguna
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Vascular Malformations Section, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - R de Mena
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Structural and Functional Genomics Section, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - I Dapia
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Endocrinology Section, Overgrowth Syndromes Laboratory, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Palomares-Bralo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Structural and Functional Genomics Section, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Á Del Pozo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Bioinformatics Section, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - K Ibañez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Bioinformatics Section, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - J C Silla
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Bioinformatics Section, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - E Barroso
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Endocrinology Section, Overgrowth Syndromes Laboratory, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - V L Ruiz-Pérez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,IIB, Instituto de Investigación "Alberto Sols", Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - V Martinez-Glez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Vascular Malformations Section, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Clinical Genetics Section, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - P Lapunzina
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Endocrinology Section, Overgrowth Syndromes Laboratory, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Clinical Genetics Section, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
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10
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Leiter SM, Parker VER, Welters A, Knox R, Rocha N, Clark G, Payne F, Lotta L, Harris J, Guerrero-Fernández J, González-Casado I, García-Miñaur S, Gordo G, Wareham N, Martínez-Glez V, Allison M, O’Rahilly S, Barroso I, Meissner T, Davies S, Hussain K, Temple K, Barreda-Bonis AC, Kummer S, Semple RK. Hypoinsulinaemic, hypoketotic hypoglycaemia due to mosaic genetic activation of PI3-kinase. Eur J Endocrinol 2017; 177:175-186. [PMID: 28566443 PMCID: PMC5488397 DOI: 10.1530/eje-17-0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Genetic activation of the insulin signal-transducing kinase AKT2 causes syndromic hypoketotic hypoglycaemia without elevated insulin. Mosaic activating mutations in class 1A phospatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), upstream from AKT2 in insulin signalling, are known to cause segmental overgrowth, but the metabolic consequences have not been systematically reported. We assess the metabolic phenotype of 22 patients with mosaic activating mutations affecting PI3K, thereby providing new insight into the metabolic function of this complex node in insulin signal transduction. METHODS Three patients with megalencephaly, diffuse asymmetric overgrowth, hypoketotic, hypoinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia and no AKT2 mutation underwent further genetic, clinical and metabolic investigation. Signalling in dermal fibroblasts from one patient and efficacy of the mTOR inhibitor Sirolimus on pathway activation were examined. Finally, the metabolic profile of a cohort of 19 further patients with mosaic activating mutations in PI3K was assessed. RESULTS In the first three patients, mosaic mutations in PIK3CA (p.Gly118Asp or p.Glu726Lys) or PIK3R2 (p.Gly373Arg) were found. In different tissue samples available from one patient, the PIK3CA p.Glu726Lys mutation was present at burdens from 24% to 42%, with the highest level in the liver. Dermal fibroblasts showed increased basal AKT phosphorylation which was potently suppressed by Sirolimus. Nineteen further patients with mosaic mutations in PIK3CA had neither clinical nor biochemical evidence of hypoglycaemia. CONCLUSIONS Mosaic mutations activating class 1A PI3K cause severe non-ketotic hypoglycaemia in a subset of patients, with the metabolic phenotype presumably related to the extent of mosaicism within the liver. mTOR or PI3K inhibitors offer the prospect for future therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Leiter
- Metabolic Research LaboratoriesWellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The National Institute for Health ResearchCambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Victoria E R Parker
- Metabolic Research LaboratoriesWellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The National Institute for Health ResearchCambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alena Welters
- Department of General PaediatricsNeonatology and Paediatric Cardiology, University Children’s Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rachel Knox
- Metabolic Research LaboratoriesWellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The National Institute for Health ResearchCambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nuno Rocha
- Metabolic Research LaboratoriesWellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The National Institute for Health ResearchCambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Graeme Clark
- Department of Molecular GeneticsAddenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Luca Lotta
- MRC Epidemiology UnitUniversity of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Julie Harris
- Metabolic Research LaboratoriesWellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The National Institute for Health ResearchCambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Sixto García-Miñaur
- Departments of Clinical and Molecular GeneticsLa Paz Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Gordo
- Departments of Clinical and Molecular GeneticsLa Paz Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nick Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology UnitUniversity of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Stephen O’Rahilly
- Metabolic Research LaboratoriesWellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The National Institute for Health ResearchCambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Inês Barroso
- Metabolic Research LaboratoriesWellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The National Institute for Health ResearchCambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger InstituteHinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas Meissner
- Department of General PaediatricsNeonatology and Paediatric Cardiology, University Children’s Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Susan Davies
- Departments of HistopathologyAddenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Khalid Hussain
- Institute of Child HealthUniversity College London, London, UK
| | - Karen Temple
- Department of Clinical GeneticsUniversity Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Sebastian Kummer
- Department of General PaediatricsNeonatology and Paediatric Cardiology, University Children’s Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Robert K Semple
- Metabolic Research LaboratoriesWellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The National Institute for Health ResearchCambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
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11
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Mediero S, D'Anna Mardero O, Boto de Los Bueis A, Noval Martín S, García-Miñaur S. Keratoconus associated with Williams-Beuren syndrome: a new case report. Int J Ophthalmol 2017; 10:658-660. [PMID: 28503444 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2017.04.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Mediero
- Department of Ophthalmology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid 28046, Spain
| | | | | | - Susana Noval Martín
- Department of Ophthalmology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid 28046, Spain
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12
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Tenorio J, Romanelli V, Martin-Trujillo A, Fernández GM, Segovia M, Perandones C, Pérez Jurado LA, Esteller M, Fraga M, Arias P, Gordo G, Dapía I, Mena R, Palomares M, Pérez de Nanclares G, Nevado J, García-Miñaur S, Santos-Simarro F, Martinez-Glez V, Vallespín E, Monk D, Lapunzina P. Clinical and molecular analyses of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome: Comparison between spontaneous conception and assisted reproduction techniques. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170:2740-9. [PMID: 27480579 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is an overgrowth syndrome characterized by an excessive prenatal and postnatal growth, macrosomia, macroglossia, and hemihyperplasia. The molecular basis of this syndrome is complex and heterogeneous, involving genes located at 11p15.5. BWS is correlated with assisted reproductive techniques. BWS in individuals born following assisted reproductive techniques has been found to occur four to nine times higher compared to children with to BWS born after spontaneous conception. Here, we report a series of 187 patients with to BWS born either after assisted reproductive techniques or conceived naturally. Eighty-eight percent of BWS patients born via assisted reproductive techniques had hypomethylation of KCNQ1OT1:TSS-DMR in comparison with 49% for patients with BWS conceived naturally. None of the patients with BWS born via assisted reproductive techniques had hypermethylation of H19/IGF2:IG-DMR, neither CDKN1 C mutations nor patUPD11. We did not find differences in the frequency of multi-locus imprinting disturbances between groups. Patients with BWS born via assisted reproductive techniques had an increased frequency of advanced bone age, congenital heart disease, and decreased frequency of earlobe anomalies but these differences may be explained by the different molecular background compared to those with BWS and spontaneous fertilization. We conclude there is a correlation of the molecular etiology of BWS with the type of conception. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jair Tenorio
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Valeria Romanelli
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alex Martin-Trujillo
- Imprinting and Cancer Group, Cancer Epigenetic and Biology Program (PEBC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - García-Moya Fernández
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mabel Segovia
- Centro Nacional de Genética Médica, ANLIS Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudia Perandones
- Centro Nacional de Genética Médica, ANLIS Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luis A Pérez Jurado
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Unitat de Genética, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Esteller
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mario Fraga
- Unidad de Epigenética del Cáncer, Instituto Universitario de Oncología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pedro Arias
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Gordo
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Dapía
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Mena
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Palomares
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Julián Nevado
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sixto García-Miñaur
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Santos-Simarro
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Martinez-Glez
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Vallespín
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - David Monk
- Imprinting and Cancer Group, Cancer Epigenetic and Biology Program (PEBC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM, Madrid, Spain. .,CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
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13
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Sánchez-Soler MJ, Tenorio J, García-Miñaur S, Santos-Simarro F, Lapunzina P. Síndromes de sobrecrecimiento y desarrollo de tumores embrionarios: revisión de nuestra casuística en los últimos 5 años. An Pediatr (Barc) 2016; 85:104-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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14
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Barraza-García J, Iván Rivera-Pedroza C, Salamanca L, Belinchón A, López-González V, Sentchordi-Montané L, del Pozo Á, Santos-Simarro F, Campos-Barros Á, Lapunzina P, Guillén-Navarro E, González-Casado I, García-Miñaur S, Heath KE. Two novelPOC1Amutations in the primordial dwarfism, SOFT syndrome: Clinical homogeneity but also unreported malformations. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 170A:210-6. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jimena Barraza-García
- Institute of Medical & Molecular Genetics (INGEMM); Hospital Universitario La Paz; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; IdiPAZ Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto Carlos III; Madrid Spain
- Multidisciplinary Skeletal Dysplasia Unit (UMDE); Hospital Universitario La Paz; Madrid Spain
| | - Carlos Iván Rivera-Pedroza
- Institute of Medical & Molecular Genetics (INGEMM); Hospital Universitario La Paz; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; IdiPAZ Madrid Spain
- Multidisciplinary Skeletal Dysplasia Unit (UMDE); Hospital Universitario La Paz; Madrid Spain
| | - Luis Salamanca
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology; Hospital Universitario La Paz; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Spain
| | - Alberta Belinchón
- Institute of Medical & Molecular Genetics (INGEMM); Hospital Universitario La Paz; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; IdiPAZ Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto Carlos III; Madrid Spain
- Multidisciplinary Skeletal Dysplasia Unit (UMDE); Hospital Universitario La Paz; Madrid Spain
| | - Vanesa López-González
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto Carlos III; Madrid Spain
- Department of Pediatrics; Medical Genetics Section; Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca; IMIB-Arrixaca; Murcia Spain
| | - Lucía Sentchordi-Montané
- Institute of Medical & Molecular Genetics (INGEMM); Hospital Universitario La Paz; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; IdiPAZ Madrid Spain
- Multidisciplinary Skeletal Dysplasia Unit (UMDE); Hospital Universitario La Paz; Madrid Spain
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology; Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor; Madrid Spain
| | - Ángela del Pozo
- Institute of Medical & Molecular Genetics (INGEMM); Hospital Universitario La Paz; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; IdiPAZ Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto Carlos III; Madrid Spain
| | - Fernando Santos-Simarro
- Institute of Medical & Molecular Genetics (INGEMM); Hospital Universitario La Paz; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; IdiPAZ Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto Carlos III; Madrid Spain
- Multidisciplinary Skeletal Dysplasia Unit (UMDE); Hospital Universitario La Paz; Madrid Spain
| | - Ángel Campos-Barros
- Institute of Medical & Molecular Genetics (INGEMM); Hospital Universitario La Paz; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; IdiPAZ Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto Carlos III; Madrid Spain
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- Institute of Medical & Molecular Genetics (INGEMM); Hospital Universitario La Paz; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; IdiPAZ Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto Carlos III; Madrid Spain
- Multidisciplinary Skeletal Dysplasia Unit (UMDE); Hospital Universitario La Paz; Madrid Spain
| | - Encarna Guillén-Navarro
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto Carlos III; Madrid Spain
- Department of Pediatrics; Medical Genetics Section; Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca; IMIB-Arrixaca; Murcia Spain
- Cátedra de Genética Médica; UCAM-Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Spain
| | - Isabel González-Casado
- Multidisciplinary Skeletal Dysplasia Unit (UMDE); Hospital Universitario La Paz; Madrid Spain
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology; Hospital Universitario La Paz; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Spain
| | - Sixto García-Miñaur
- Institute of Medical & Molecular Genetics (INGEMM); Hospital Universitario La Paz; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; IdiPAZ Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto Carlos III; Madrid Spain
- Multidisciplinary Skeletal Dysplasia Unit (UMDE); Hospital Universitario La Paz; Madrid Spain
| | - Karen E. Heath
- Institute of Medical & Molecular Genetics (INGEMM); Hospital Universitario La Paz; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; IdiPAZ Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto Carlos III; Madrid Spain
- Multidisciplinary Skeletal Dysplasia Unit (UMDE); Hospital Universitario La Paz; Madrid Spain
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15
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Tenorio J, Mansilla A, Valencia M, Martínez-Glez V, Romanelli V, Arias P, Castrejón N, Poletta F, Guillén-Navarro E, Gordo G, Mansilla E, García-Santiago F, González-Casado I, Vallespín E, Palomares M, Mori MA, Santos-Simarro F, García-Miñaur S, Fernández L, Mena R, Benito-Sanz S, del Pozo Á, Silla JC, Ibañez K, López-Granados E, Martín-Trujillo A, Montaner D, Heath KE, Campos-Barros Á, Dopazo J, Nevado J, Monk D, Ruiz-Pérez VL, Lapunzina P. A new overgrowth syndrome is due to mutations in RNF125. Hum Mutat 2015; 35:1436-41. [PMID: 25196541 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Overgrowth syndromes (OGS) are a group of disorders in which all parameters of growth and physical development are above the mean for age and sex. We evaluated a series of 270 families from the Spanish Overgrowth Syndrome Registry with no known OGS. We identified one de novo deletion and three missense mutations in RNF125 in six patients from four families with overgrowth, macrocephaly, intellectual disability, mild hydrocephaly, hypoglycemia, and inflammatory diseases resembling Sjögren syndrome. RNF125 encodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase and is a novel gene of OGS. Our studies of the RNF125 pathway point to upregulation of RIG-I-IPS1-MDA5 and/or disruption of the PI3K-AKT and interferon signaling pathways as the putative final effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jair Tenorio
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; Molecular Endocrinology Unit - Overgrowth Syndromes Laboratory, INGEMM, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
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16
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García-Santiago FA, Martínez-Glez V, Santos F, García-Miñaur S, Mansilla E, Meneses AG, Rosell J, Granero ÁP, Vallespín E, Fernández L, Sierra B, Oliver-Bonet M, Palomares M, de Torres ML, Mori MÁ, Nevado J, Heath KE, Delicado A, Lapunzina P. Analysis of invdupdel(8p) rearrangement: Clinical, cytogenetic and molecular characterization. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 167A:1018-25. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fe Amalia García-Santiago
- Cytogenetics Unit, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM); IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz; Madrid Spain
| | - Víctor Martínez-Glez
- Functional and Structural Genomics Unit, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM); IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz; Madrid Spain
- CIBERER; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
| | - Fernando Santos
- Clinical Gentics Unit, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM); IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz; Madrid Spain
- CIBERER; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
| | - Sixto García-Miñaur
- Clinical Gentics Unit, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM); IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz; Madrid Spain
- CIBERER; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
| | - Elena Mansilla
- Cytogenetics Unit, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM); IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz; Madrid Spain
- CIBERER; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
| | | | - Jordi Rosell
- CIBERER; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
- Genetics Unit; Hospital Son Espases; Palma de Mallorca; Spain
| | | | - Elena Vallespín
- Functional and Structural Genomics Unit, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM); IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz; Madrid Spain
- CIBERER; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
| | - Luis Fernández
- Functional and Structural Genomics Unit, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM); IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz; Madrid Spain
- CIBERER; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
| | - Blanca Sierra
- Genetics Unit; Hospital Son Espases; Palma de Mallorca; Spain
| | | | - María Palomares
- Functional and Structural Genomics Unit, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM); IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz; Madrid Spain
- CIBERER; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
| | - María Luisa de Torres
- Cytogenetics Unit, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM); IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz; Madrid Spain
- CIBERER; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
| | - María Ángeles Mori
- Functional and Structural Genomics Unit, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM); IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz; Madrid Spain
- CIBERER; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
| | - Julián Nevado
- Functional and Structural Genomics Unit, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM); IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz; Madrid Spain
- CIBERER; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
| | - Karen E. Heath
- Molecular Endocrinology Unit, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM); IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz; Madrid Spain
- CIBERER; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
| | - Alicia Delicado
- Cytogenetics Unit, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM); IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz; Madrid Spain
- CIBERER; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- Clinical Gentics Unit, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM); IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz; Madrid Spain
- CIBERER; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
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Tenorio J, Arias P, Martínez-Glez V, Santos F, García-Miñaur S, Nevado J, Lapunzina P. Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome types I and II. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2014; 9:138. [PMID: 25238977 PMCID: PMC4254265 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-014-0138-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome (SGBS) is a rare overgrowth syndrome clinically characterized by multiple congenital abnormalities, pre/postnatal overgrowth, distinctive craniofacial features, macrocephaly, and organomegaly. Abnormalities of the skeletal system, heart, central nervous system, kidney, and gastrointestinal tract may also be observed. Intellectual disability, early motor milestones and speech delay are sometimes present; however, there are a considerable number of individuals with normal intelligence. Genomic rearrangements and point mutations involving the glypican-3 gene (GPC3) at Xq26 have been shown to be associated with SGBS. Occasionally, these rearrangements also include the glypican-4 gene (GPC4). Glypicans are heparan sulfate proteoglycans which have a role in the control of cell growth and cell division. Although a lethal and infrequent form (also known as SGBS type II) has been described, only the classical form of SGBS is reviewed in this work, whereas only some specific features on SGBS type II are commented. We review all clinical and molecular aspects of this rare disorder, updating many topics and suggest a follow-up scheme for geneticists and primary care clinicians.
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18
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Nevado J, Mergener R, Palomares-Bralo M, Souza KR, Vallespín E, Mena R, Martínez-Glez V, Mori MÁ, Santos F, García-Miñaur S, García-Santiago F, Mansilla E, Fernández L, de Torres ML, Riegel M, Lapunzina P. New microdeletion and microduplication syndromes: A comprehensive review. Genet Mol Biol 2014; 37:210-9. [PMID: 24764755 PMCID: PMC3983590 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572014000200007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several new microdeletion and microduplication syndromes are emerging as disorders that have been proven to cause multisystem pathologies frequently associated with intellectual disability (ID), multiple congenital anomalies (MCA), autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) and other phenotypic findings. In this paper, we review the "new" and emergent microdeletion and microduplication syndromes that have been described and recognized in recent years with the aim of summarizing their main characteristics and chromosomal regions involved. We decided to group them by genomic region and within these groupings have classified them into those that include ID, MCA, ASD or other findings. This review does not intend to be exhaustive but is rather a quick guide to help pediatricians, clinical geneticists, cytogeneticists and/or molecular geneticists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julián Nevado
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain . ; Section of Functional and Structural Genomics, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafaella Mergener
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre,RS, Brazil
| | - María Palomares-Bralo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain . ; Section of Functional and Structural Genomics, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karen Regina Souza
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre,RS, Brazil
| | - Elena Vallespín
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain . ; Section of Functional and Structural Genomics, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Mena
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain . ; Section of Functional and Structural Genomics, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Martínez-Glez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain . ; Section of Functional and Structural Genomics, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Mori
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain . ; Section of Functional and Structural Genomics, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Santos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain . ; Section of Clinical Genetics, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sixto García-Miñaur
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain . ; Section of Clinical Genetics, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fé García-Santiago
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain . ; Section of Cytogenetics, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Mansilla
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain . ; Section of Cytogenetics, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Fernández
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain . ; Section of Preanalytics, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa de Torres
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain . ; Section of Cytogenetics, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariluce Riegel
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre,RS, Brazil . ; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain . ; Section of Clinical Genetics, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Madrid, Spain . ; Section of Molecular Endocrinology, Overgrowth Disordes Laboratory, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Madrid, Spain
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Huarte NM, Santos-Simarro F, Abascal IP, García-Miñaur S, Omeñaca F. Chondrodysplasia punctata associated with maternal Sjögren syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 164A:1606-10. [PMID: 24668828 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 12/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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20
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Palomares M, Delicado A, Mansilla E, de Torres ML, Vallespín E, Fernandez L, Martinez-Glez V, García-Miñaur S, Nevado J, Simarro FS, Ruiz-Perez VL, Lynch SA, Sharkey FH, Thuresson AC, Annerén G, Belligni EF, Martínez-Fernández ML, Bermejo E, Nowakowska B, Kutkowska-Kazmierczak A, Bocian E, Obersztyn E, Martínez-Frías ML, Hennekam RCM, Lapunzina P. Characterization of a 8q21.11 microdeletion syndrome associated with intellectual disability and a recognizable phenotype. Am J Hum Genet 2011; 89:295-301. [PMID: 21802062 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2011] [Revised: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We report eight unrelated individuals with intellectual disability and overlapping submicroscopic deletions of 8q21.11 (0.66-13.55 Mb in size). The deletion was familial in one and simplex in seven individuals. The phenotype was remarkably similar and consisted of a round face with full cheeks, a high forehead, ptosis, cornea opacities, an underdeveloped alae, a short philtrum, a cupid's bow of the upper lip, down-turned corners of the mouth, micrognathia, low-set and prominent ears, and mild finger and toe anomalies (camptodactyly, syndactyly, and broadening of the first rays). Intellectual disability, hypotonia, decreased balance, sensorineural hearing loss, and unusual behavior were frequently observed. A high-resolution oligonucleotide array showed different proximal and distal breakpoints in all of the individuals. Sequencing studies in three of the individuals revealed that proximal and distal breakpoints were located in unique sequences with no apparent homology. The smallest region of overlap was a 539.7 kb interval encompassing three genes: a Zinc Finger Homeobox 4 (ZFHX4), one microRNA of unknown function, and one nonfunctional pseudogen. ZFHX4 encodes a transcription factor expressed in the adult human brain, skeletal muscle, and liver. It has been suggested as a candidate gene for congenital bilateral isolated ptosis. Our results suggest that the 8q21.11 submicroscopic deletion represents a clinically recognizable entity and that a haploinsufficient gene or genes within the minimal deletion region could underlie this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Palomares
- Section of Functional and Structural Genomics, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdiPAZ), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.
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21
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Romanelli V, Meneses HNM, Fernández L, Martínez-Glez V, Gracia-Bouthelier R, F Fraga M, Guillén E, Nevado J, Gean E, Martorell L, Marfil VE, García-Miñaur S, Lapunzina P. Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and uniparental disomy 11p: fine mapping of the recombination breakpoints and evaluation of several techniques. Eur J Hum Genet 2011; 19:416-21. [PMID: 21248736 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2010.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a phenotypically and genotypically heterogeneous overgrowth syndrome characterized by somatic overgrowth, macroglossia and abdominal wall defects. Other usual findings are hemihyperplasia, embryonal tumours, adrenocortical cytomegaly, ear anomalies, visceromegaly, renal abnormalities, neonatal hypoglycaemia, cleft palate, polydactyly and a positive family history. BWS is a complex, multigenic disorder associated, in up to 90% of patients, with alteration in the expression or function of one or more genes in the 11p15.5 imprinted gene cluster. There are several molecular anomalies associated with BWS and the large proportion of cases, about 85%, is sporadic and karyotypically normal. One of the major categories of BWS molecular alteration (10-20% of cases) is represented by mosaic paternal uniparental disomy (pUPD), namely patients with two paternally derived copies of chromosome 11p15 and no maternal contribution for that. In these patients, in addition to the effects of IGF2 overexpression, a decreased level of the maternally expressed gene CDKN1C may contribute to the BWS phenotype. In this paper, we reviewed a series of nine patients with BWS because of pUPD using several methods with the aim to evaluate the percentage of mosaicism, the methylation status at both loci, the extension of the pUPD at the short arm and the breakpoints of recombination. Fine mapping of mitotic recombination breakpoints by single-nucleotide polymorphism-array in individuals with UPD and fine estimation of epigenetic defects will provide a basis for understanding the aetiology of BWS, allowing more accurate prognostic predictions and facilitating management and surveillance of individuals with this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Romanelli
- INGEMM, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, IDIPaz, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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22
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Romanelli V, Nevado J, Fraga M, Trujillo AM, Mori MÁ, Fernández L, Pérez de Nanclares G, Martínez-Glez V, Pita G, Meneses H, Gracia R, García-Miñaur S, García de Miguel P, Lecumberri B, Rodríguez JI, González Neira A, Monk D, Lapunzina P. Constitutional mosaic genome-wide uniparental disomy due to diploidisation: an unusual cancer-predisposing mechanism. J Med Genet 2010; 48:212-6. [PMID: 21097775 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2010.081919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Molecular studies in a patient with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome phenotype who developed two different tumours revealed an unexpected observation of almost complete loss of heterozygosity of all chromosomes. It is shown, by means of numerous molecular methods, that the absence of maternal contribution in somatic cells is due to high-degree (∼ 85%) genome-wide paternal uniparental disomy (UPD). The observations indicate that the genome-wide UPD results from diploidisation, and have important implications for genetic counselling and tumour surveillance for the growing number of UPD associated imprinting disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Romanelli
- INGEMM (Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular), IdiPAZ Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
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23
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Romanelli V, Belinchón A, Benito-Sanz S, Martínez-Glez V, Gracia-Bouthelier R, Heath KE, Campos-Barros A, García-Miñaur S, Fernandez L, Meneses H, López-Siguero JP, Guillén-Navarro E, Gómez-Puertas P, Wesselink JJ, Mercado G, Esteban-Marfil V, Palomo R, Mena R, Sánchez A, Del Campo M, Lapunzina P. CDKN1C (p57(Kip2)) analysis in Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) patients: Genotype-phenotype correlations, novel mutations, and polymorphisms. Am J Med Genet A 2010; 152A:1390-7. [PMID: 20503313 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is an overgrowth syndrome characterized by macroglossia, macrosomia, and abdominal wall defects. It is a multigenic disorder caused in most patients by alterations in growth regulatory genes. A small number of individuals with BWS (5-10%) have mutations in CDKN1C, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor of G1 cyclin complexes that functions as a negative regulator of cellular growth and proliferation. Here, we report on eight patients with BWS and CDKN1C mutations and review previous reported cases. We analyzed 72 patients (50 BWS, 17 with isolated hemihyperplasia (IH), three with omphalocele, and two with macroglossia) for CDKN1C defects with the aim to search for new mutations and to define genotype-phenotype correlations. Our findings suggest that BWS patients with CDKN1C mutations have a different pattern of clinical malformations than those with other molecular defects. Polydactyly, genital abnormalities, extra nipple, and cleft palate are more frequently observed in BWS with mutations in CDKN1C. The clinical observation of these malformations may help to decide which genetic characterization should be undertaken (i.e., CDKN1C screening), thus optimizing the laboratory evaluation for BWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Romanelli
- INGEMM, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, IdiPAZ-Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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24
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D'haene B, Nevado J, Pugeat M, Pierquin G, Lowry RB, Reardon W, Delicado A, García-Miñaur S, Palomares M, Courtens W, Stefanova M, Wallace S, Watkins W, Shelling AN, Wieczorek D, Veitia RA, De Paepe A, Lapunzina P, De Baere E. FOXL2 copy number changes in the molecular pathogenesis of BPES: unique cohort of 17 deletions. Hum Mutat 2010; 31:E1332-47. [PMID: 20232352 DOI: 10.1002/humu.21233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Blepharophimosis Syndrome (BPES) is an autosomal dominant developmental disorder of the eyelids with or without ovarian dysfunction caused by FOXL2 mutations. Overall, FOXL2deletions represent 12% of all genetic defects in BPES. Here, we have identified and characterized 16 new and one known FOXL2 deletion combining multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA), custom-made quantitative PCR (qPCR) and/or microarray-based copy number screening. The deletion breakpoints could be localized for 13 out of 17 deletions. The deletion size is highly variable (29.8 kb - 11.5 Mb), indicating absence of a recombination hotspot. Although the heterogeneity of their size and breakpoints is not reflected in the uniform BPES phenotype, there is considerable phenotypic variability regarding associated clinical findings including psychomotor retardation (8/17), microcephaly (6/17), and subtle skeletal features (2/17). In addition, in all females in whom ovarian function could be assessed, FOXL2 deletions proved to be associated with variable degrees of ovarian dysfunction. In conclusion, we present the largest series of BPES patients with FOXL2 deletions and standardized phenotyping reported so far. Our genotype-phenotype data can be useful for providing a prognosis (i.e. occurrence of associated features) in newborns with BPES carrying a FOXL2 deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- B D'haene
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Belgium
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25
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Nevado J, de Torres ML, Fernández L, Mori MA, Villa A, Palomares M, García-Santiago F, Mansilla E, García-Miñaur S, Delicado A, Lapunzina P. Unusual four-generation chromosome-22 rearrangement: when "normality" masks abnormality. Am J Med Genet A 2009; 149A:1561-4. [PMID: 19530191 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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26
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Romanelli V, Belinchón A, Campos-Barros A, Heath KE, García-Miñaur S, Martínez-Glez V, Palomo R, Mercado G, Gracia R, Lapunzina P. CDKN1C mutations in HELLP/preeclamptic mothers of Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome (BWS) patients. Placenta 2009; 30:551-4. [PMID: 19386358 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2009.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2009] [Revised: 03/17/2009] [Accepted: 03/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is the development of new-onset hypertension with proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation. HELLP syndrome (haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count) is a severe form of preeclampsia with high rates of neonatal and maternal morbidity. In recent years, loss of function of cdkn1c (a tight-binding inhibitor of G1 cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase complexes and a negative regulator of cell proliferation) has been observed in several mouse models of preeclampsia. In this paper, we report on three women with HELLP/preeclampsia who had children with Beckwith Wiedemann syndrome, a complex genetic disorder characterised, among other findings, by overgrowth, omphalocele and macroglossia. All three children displayed mutations in CDKN1C predicted to generate truncated proteins. Two of the mutations were maternally inherited while the third was de novo. This finding suggests a fetal contribution to the maternal disease. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of CDKN1C mutations in children born to women with preeclampsia/HELLP syndrome, thus suggesting the involvement of an imprinted gene in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Romanelli
- INGEMM, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
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27
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Marteau TM, Nippert I, Hall S, Limbert C, Reid M, Bobrow M, Cameron A, Cornel M, van Diem M, Eiben B, García-Miñaur S, Goujard J, Kirwan D, McIntosh K, Soothill P, Verschuuren-Bemelmans C, de Vigan C, Walkinshaw S, Abramsky L, Louwen F, Miny P, Horst J. Outcomes of pregnancies diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome: the possible influence of health professionals. Prenat Diagn 2002; 22:562-6. [PMID: 12124688 DOI: 10.1002/pd.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the association between the outcomes of pregnancies diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome (KS) and the specialty of the health professional providing pre- and post-diagnostic counselling. METHOD Data were extracted from the case notes of the 111 cases of KS diagnosed prenatally between 1986 and 1997 in eight geographical regions in five European countries. The data extracted included: outcome of pregnancy, maternal age, social class, parity, gestational age at diagnosis, year of diagnosis and specialties of the health professionals conducting pre- and post-diagnosis consultations. RESULTS The overall termination rate was 44% (49/111: 95% confidence interval: 35 to 54). Using multivariable logistic regression analysis, the only significant predictor of continuation of the pregnancy was the specialties of the health professionals conducting post-diagnosis counselling: the affected pregnancy was more likely to continue when post-diagnosis counselling involved only a genetics specialist (relative risk: 2.42 (1.14 to 5.92)). CONCLUSION There is an association between whether or not a woman terminates a pregnancy affected by an unfamiliar fetal anomaly and the professional background of the health professional providing post-diagnostic counselling. The causal nature of this association remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa M Marteau
- Psychology and Genetics Research Group, Guy's, King's and St Thomas' Schools of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, 5th Floor, Thomas Guy House, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 9RT, UK.
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28
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Hall S, Marteau T, Limbert C, Reid M, Feijóo M, Soares M, Nippert I, Bobrow M, Cameron A, Van Diem M, Verschuuren-Bemelmans C, Eiben B, García-Miñaur S, Walkinshaw S, Soothill P, De Vigan C, McIntosh K, Kirwan D. Counselling following the Prenatal Diagnosis of Klinefelter Syndrome: Comparisons between Geneticists and Obstetricians in Five European Countries. Public Health Genomics 2001; 4:233-238. [PMID: 12107352 DOI: 10.1159/000064198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To describe and compare the information obstetricians and geneticists in five European countries report they would give following the prenatal diagnosis of Klinefelter syndrome. Methods: 388 obstetricians and 269 geneticists from Germany, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain and the UK completed a brief questionnaire assessing two variables: the information they reported providing to parents following the prenatal diagnosis of Klinefelter syndrome (categorized as positive or negative); and their perceptions of the quality of life with the condition. Results: Geneticists were more likely than obstetricians to report providing more positive than negative information about Klinefelter syndrome than equal amounts of positive and negative information or more negative than positive information about the condition (excess positive information). Regardless of specialty, the information that health professionals reported providing was predicted by their perceptions of the quality of life with the condition, and the country from which they came. Those perceiving quality of life as greater were more likely to provide an excess positive information, as were health professionals from Germany and the UK. Conclusions: These results suggest that the information parents across Europe receive after the prenatal diagnosis of Klinefelter syndrome varies according to the specialty and country of the health professionals consulted, and their perceptions of quality of life with the condition. This variation seems to reflect personal, cultural and professional differences between health professionals. Copyright 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Hall
- Psychology & Genetics Research Group, Kings College, London, UK
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Santolaya JM, Hall CM, García-Miñaur S, Delgado A. Craniometadiaphyseal dysplasia, wormian bone type. Am J Med Genet 1998; 77:241-5. [PMID: 9605592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We report on a 4-year-old boy with craniometadiaphyseal dysplasia (CMDD), wormian bone type. Component manifestations include a large head with prominent forehead, skull changes showing multiple wormian bones, wide long tubular bones without the usual metaphyseal flare, wide and short tubular bones without the normal diaphyseal constriction, and wide ribs and clavicles. In addition to these findings, the propositus, his brother, his father, and a paternal aunt all have parietal protuberances, which seem not related to CMDD. Parental consanguineity supports the autosomal recessive transmission of the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Santolaya
- Department of Pediatrics, Basurto Hospital, Bilbao, Spain
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García-Miñaur S, Salvador J, Mosquera C, Castro V, Plasencia A, García López E. [The prevalence of neural tube defects in Asturias]. An Esp Pediatr 1996; 44:525-6. [PMID: 8928983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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