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Ilg MM, Harding S, Lapthorn AR, Kirvell S, Ralph DJ, Bustin SA, Ball G, Cellek S. Temporal gene signature of myofibroblast transformation in Peyronie's disease: first insights into the molecular mechanisms of irreversibility. J Sex Med 2024; 21:278-287. [PMID: 38383071 DOI: 10.1093/jsxmed/qdae006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transformation of resident fibroblasts to profibrotic myofibroblasts in the tunica albuginea is a critical step in the pathophysiology of Peyronie's disease (PD). We have previously shown that myofibroblasts do not revert to the fibroblast phenotype and we suggested that there is a point of no return at 36 hours after induction of the transformation. However, the molecular mechanisms that drive this proposed irreversibility are not known. AIM Identify molecular pathways that drive the irreversibility of myofibroblast transformation by analyzing the expression of the genes involved in the process in a temporal fashion. METHODS Human primary fibroblasts obtained from tunica albuginea of patients with Peyronie's disease were transformed to myofibroblasts using transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1). The mRNA of the cells was collected at 0, 24, 36, 48, and 72 hours after stimulation with TGF-β1 and then analyzed using a Nanostring nCounter Fibrosis panel. The gene expression results were analyzed using Reactome pathway analysis database and ANNi, a deep learning-based inference algorithm based on a swarm approach. OUTCOMES The study outcome was the time course of changes in gene expression during transformation of PD-derived fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. RESULTS The temporal analysis of the gene expression revealed that the majority of the changes at the gene expression level happened within the first 24 hours and remained so throughout the 72-hour period. At 36 hours, significant changes were observed in genes involved in MAPK-Hedgehog signaling pathways. CLINICAL TRANSLATION This study highlights the importance of early intervention in clinical management of PD and the future potential of new drugs targeting the point of no return. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS The use of human primary cells and confirmation of results with further RNA analysis are the strengths of this study. The study was limited to 760 genes rather than the whole transcriptome. CONCLUSION This study is to our knowledge the first analysis of temporal gene expression associated with the regulation of the transformation of resident fibroblasts to profibrotic myofibroblasts in PD. Further research is warranted to investigate the role of the MAPK-Hedgehog signaling pathways in reversibility of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus M Ilg
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, CM1 1SQ, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Harding
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, CM1 1SQ, United Kingdom
| | - Alice R Lapthorn
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, CM1 1SQ, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Kirvell
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, CM1 1SQ, United Kingdom
| | - David J Ralph
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, CM1 1SQ, United Kingdom
- Urology Department, University College London, London, W1G 8PH, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen A Bustin
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, CM1 1SQ, United Kingdom
| | - Graham Ball
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, CM1 1SQ, United Kingdom
| | - Selim Cellek
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, CM1 1SQ, United Kingdom
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Harding S, Leishman Q, Lunceford W, Passey DJ, Pool T, Webb B. Global forecasts in reservoir computers. Chaos 2024; 34:023136. [PMID: 38407397 DOI: 10.1063/5.0181694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
A reservoir computer is a machine learning model that can be used to predict the future state(s) of time-dependent processes, e.g., dynamical systems. In practice, data in the form of an input-signal are fed into the reservoir. The trained reservoir is then used to predict the future state of this signal. We develop a new method for not only predicting the future dynamics of the input-signal but also the future dynamics starting at an arbitrary initial condition of a system. The systems we consider are the Lorenz, Rossler, and Thomas systems restricted to their attractors. This method, which creates a global forecast, still uses only a single input-signal to train the reservoir but breaks the signal into many smaller windowed signals. We examine how well this windowed method is able to forecast the dynamics of a system starting at an arbitrary point on a system's attractor and compare this to the standard method without windows. We find that the standard method has almost no ability to forecast anything but the original input-signal while the windowed method can capture the dynamics starting at most points on an attractor with significant accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Harding
- Mathematics Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
| | - Q Leishman
- Mathematics Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
| | - W Lunceford
- Mathematics Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
| | - D J Passey
- Mathematics Department, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - T Pool
- The Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania 15289, USA
| | - B Webb
- Mathematics Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
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Seaton N, Hudson J, Harding S, Norton S, Mondelli V, Jones ASK, Moss-Morris R. Do interventions for mood improve inflammatory biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease?: a systematic review and meta-analysis. EBioMedicine 2024; 100:104910. [PMID: 38272759 PMCID: PMC10878994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychoneuroimmunological mechanisms and the gut-brain axis appear relevant to disease activity and progression in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). A recent review showed no effect of psychological therapies on self-reported disease activity in IBD. This meta-analysis aims to establish whether interventions targeting mood outcomes (e.g., depression, anxiety and stress) impact inflammation levels in IBD and possible moderators of these effects. METHODS The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. We searched five electronic databases and included randomised controlled trials where interventions targeted mood and assessed inflammatory outcomes pre- and post-intervention in adults with IBD. Independent reviewers screened studies, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality. Data were pooled to estimate standardised mean differences (SMDs) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs). A random-effects robust variance estimation accounted for studies measuring multiple biomarkers. Intervention type, mood as a primary or secondary outcome, effect on mood outcomes and IBD subtype were investigated as treatment effect moderators. Where there were sufficient biomarkers, individual meta-analyses were run (Pre-registration PROSPERO: CRD42023389401). FINDINGS 28 RCTs involving 1789 participants met inclusion criteria. Interventions demonstrated small, statistically significant effects on biomarkers (-0.35, 95% CI: -0.48, -0.22, p < 0.001) and medium effects on mood outcomes (-0.50, 95% CI: -0.73, -0.27, p < 0.001), without evidence of substantive heterogeneity or publication bias. Individual analyses showed small effects for improved faecal calprotectin (-0.19, 95% CI: -0.34, -0.03, p = 0.018) and C-Reactive Protein (-0.29, 95% CI: -0.47, -0.10, p = 0.002). Effect sizes were larger for psychological therapy interventions (compared with exercise or antidepressants) and when there was an effect (SMD ≥0.2) on mood. INTERPRETATION Treatments which address mood outcomes have beneficial effects on generic inflammation as well as disease-specific biomarkers (faecal calprotectin and C-Reactive Protein). Psychological interventions and interventions with larger treatment effects on mood accentuated the effect on biomarkers. More research is required to understand the biological or behavioural mechanisms underlying this effect. FUNDING The Medical Research Council and the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Seaton
- Institute of Psychology Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.
| | - Joanna Hudson
- Institute of Psychology Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Sophie Harding
- Institute of Psychology Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Sam Norton
- Institute of Psychology Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Valeria Mondelli
- Institute of Psychology Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Annie S K Jones
- Institute of Psychology Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Rona Moss-Morris
- Institute of Psychology Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
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Gandy S, Medlock J, Cull B, Smith R, Gibney Z, Sewgobind S, Parekh I, Harding S, Johnson N, Hansford K. Detection of Babesia species in questing Ixodes ricinus ticks in England and Wales. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2024; 15:102291. [PMID: 38061320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2023.102291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Babesiosis, a disease in humans and animals is caused by piroplasms from the genus Babesia and is transmitted by ixodid ticks. Bovine babesiosis, commonly called redwater fever, is reported in cattle from many regions of the British Isles. The presence of Babesia in questing ticks in the United Kingdom (UK) and its potential impact on public and animal health has not been widely studied. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the presence of Babesia spp. in England and Wales using ticks collected over a six-year period. Questing Ixodes ricinus nymphs were collected at 20 recreational areas between 2014 and 2019 and screened for Babesia. Of 3912 nymphs tested, Babesia spp. were detected in 15, giving an overall prevalence of 0.38% [95%CI: 0.21-0.63%]. A number of Babesia species were identified including B. venatorum (n = 9), B. divergens/capreoli (n = 5) and B. odocoilei-like species (n = 1). Based on the low prevalence of Babesia detected in questing I. ricinus nymphs in the recreational areas studied, the likelihood of exposure to Babesia-infected ticks is lower compared to other pathogens more widely studied in the UK (e.g. Borrelia burgdorferi s.l.). However, localized areas of elevated risk may occur in pockets in England and Wales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gandy
- Medical Entomology and Zoonoses Ecology, UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, United Kingdom.
| | - Jolyon Medlock
- Medical Entomology and Zoonoses Ecology, UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, United Kingdom; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Change and Health, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Cull
- Medical Entomology and Zoonoses Ecology, UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, United Kingdom
| | - Rob Smith
- Health Protection Division, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Zoë Gibney
- Emerging Infections and Zoonoses Team, UK Health Security Agency, United Kingdom
| | | | - Insiyah Parekh
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Harding
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Johnson
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, United Kingdom; Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Kayleigh Hansford
- Medical Entomology and Zoonoses Ecology, UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, United Kingdom
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Breslin G, Wills W, Bontoft C, Fakoya O, Greco HA, Lloyd N, Wagner AP, Wellings A, Harding S, Brown KE. Whole systems approach to diet and healthy weight: a longitudinal process evaluation in East Scotland. Perspect Public Health 2023; 143:347-357. [PMID: 37902308 PMCID: PMC10683340 DOI: 10.1177/17579139231203858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Obesity contributes to morbidity and early mortality, affecting people of all ages and sociodemographic backgrounds. Despite attempts to address obesity, efforts to date have only had limited success. Adopting a whole systems approach (WSA) may potentially address obesity and emphasise complex inter-relating factors beyond individual choice. This study aimed to assess implementation of WSA to diet and healthy weight in two council areas of Scotland, longitudinally exploring enablers and barriers. One area followed a Leeds Beckett WSA model (LBM) of implementation, while the other used a hybrid model incorporating existing working systems. METHODS To assess the process of implementing a WSA, interviews and focus groups were conducted after initiation and 1 year later. RESULTS Main enablers included: belief in WSA effectiveness; positive relationships between key personnel; buy-in at community and national levels; funding availability; the working group responsible for coordinating the system development comprising individuals with diverse expertise; good communication; and existing governance structures. Barriers included: insufficient funding; high staff turnover; inadequate training in WSA methodology; engaging all relevant stakeholders and reverting to 'old ways' of non-WSA working. The LBM provided a framework for system setup and generating an action plan. CONCLUSION This study provides the first independent longitudinal process evaluation of WSAs that have incorporated Leeds Beckett methodology, and offers insights into how a WSA can be implemented to address diet and healthy weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Breslin
- School of Psychology, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - W Wills
- School of Health and Social Work, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK; Applied Research Collaboration (ARC) East of England, National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), London, UK
| | - C Bontoft
- Department of Psychology, Sport and Geography, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane Campus, College Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
| | - O Fakoya
- Department of Psychology, Sport and Geography, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - H-A Greco
- Department of Psychology, Sport and Geography, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - N Lloyd
- Department of Psychology, Sport and Geography, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - AP Wagner
- Applied Research Collaboration (ARC) East of England, National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), London, UK; Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - A Wellings
- Department of Psychology, Sport and Geography, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - S Harding
- Department of Psychology, Sport and Geography, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - KE Brown
- Department of Psychology, Sport and Geography, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
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Harding S, Chauhan-Sims M, Oxley E, Nash HM. A Delphi study exploring the barriers to dyslexia diagnosis and support: A parent's perspective. Dyslexia 2023; 29:162-178. [PMID: 37313635 DOI: 10.1002/dys.1743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The Rose Report (Rose, Independent review of the primary curriculum (England); 2009) outlined a set of recommendations for the management of dyslexia in the United Kingdom after a range of issues were found. Despite these recommendations, recent reports indicate that issues are still prevalent in the diagnosis process and support offered for dyslexic children. The Delphi method was employed to gain parental consensus as to the most significant barriers to diagnosis and delivery of support for children with dyslexia, as well as solutions to overcoming these barriers. Parents of primary school children with dyslexia were recruited for the study and were presented with a three round iterative questionnaire surrounding their experience of their child's dyslexia management. Parents' experiences of their child's diagnosis were explored to provide a first-hand account of the diagnosis procedure. Two overarching issues were identified: parents perceive that teachers have a lack of training around dyslexia, both initially and from continued professional development, and parents believe there is insufficient funding for dyslexia in schools and local authorities. Overall, the study indicated that better guidance is needed to ensure that reform and spending leads to tangible change in the identification of dyslexia and provision of support for children with dyslexia in primary education in the United Kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Harding
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Maya Chauhan-Sims
- School of Interdisciplinary Studies, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Emily Oxley
- School of Interdisciplinary Studies, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Hannah M Nash
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Harding S, Sewgobind S, Johnson N. JMM Profile: Sindbis virus, a cause of febrile illness and arthralgia. J Med Microbiol 2023; 72. [PMID: 36943350 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Sindbis virus (SINV) is the causative agent of a febrile infection commonly called Ockelbo disease, Pogosta disease or Karelian fever in northern Europe. Finland, Sweden, Russia and South Africa experience periodic SINV outbreaks. SINV is classified within the family Togaviridae and genus Alphavirus. Symptoms of SINV infection in humans include joint inflammation and pain, fever, rash and fatigue. In some cases, joint symptoms can persist for years after recovery from the initial infection. Clinical signs of SINV infection are rarely reported in animals, although infection in horses has been documented. There is no specific treatment or vaccination. The virus is transmitted by mosquitoes, particularly those belonging to the Culex genus, but Aedes, Culiseta or Mansonia species may also act as vectors. Wild birds act as amplifying hosts and are implicated in the long-distance spread of the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Harding
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Sanam Sewgobind
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Nicholas Johnson
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
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Karamanos A, Lu Y, Mudway IS, Ayis S, Kelly FJ, Beevers SD, Dajnak D, Fecht D, Elia C, Tandon S, Webb AJ, Grande AJ, Molaodi OR, Maynard MJ, Cruickshank JK, Harding S. Associations between air pollutants and blood pressure in an ethnically diverse cohort of adolescents in London, England. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279719. [PMID: 36753491 PMCID: PMC9907839 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Longitudinal evidence on the association between air pollution and blood pressure (BP) in adolescence is scarce. We explored this association in an ethnically diverse cohort of schoolchildren. Sex-stratified, linear random-effects modelling was used to examine how modelled residential exposure to annual average nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10) and ozone (O3), measures in μg/m3, associated with blood pressure. Estimates were based on 3,284 adolescents; 80% from ethnic minority groups, recruited from 51 schools, and followed up from 11-13 to 14-16 years old. Ethnic minorities were exposed to higher modelled annual average concentrations of pollution at residential postcode level than their White UK peers. A two-pollutant model (NO2 & PM2.5), adjusted for ethnicity, age, anthropometry, and pubertal status, highlighted associations with systolic, but not diastolic BP. A μg/m3 increase in NO2 was associated with a 0.30 mmHg (95% CI 0.18 to 0.40) decrease in systolic BP for girls and 0.19 mmHg (95% CI 0.07 to 0.31) decrease in systolic BP for boys. In contrast, a 1 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with 1.34 mmHg (95% CI 0.85 to 1.82) increase in systolic BP for girls and 0.57 mmHg (95% CI 0.04 to 1.03) increase in systolic BP for boys. Associations did not vary by ethnicity, body size or socio-economic advantage. Associations were robust to adjustments for noise levels and lung function at 11-13 years. In summary, higher ambient levels of NO2 were associated with lower and PM2.5 with higher systolic BP across adolescence, with stronger associations for girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Karamanos
- School of Life Course/Nutritional Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y. Lu
- School of Life Course/Nutritional Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Clinical Research Center of The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - I. S. Mudway
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - S. Ayis
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - F. J. Kelly
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - S. D. Beevers
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - D. Dajnak
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - D. Fecht
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - C. Elia
- School of Life Course/Nutritional Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - S. Tandon
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A. J. Webb
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, King’s College London BHF Centre of Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College, London, United Kingdom
| | - A. J. Grande
- Curso de Medicina, Universidade Estadual do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - O. R. Molaodi
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - M. J. Maynard
- School of Clinical & Applied Sciences, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - J. K. Cruickshank
- School of Life Course/Nutritional Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - S. Harding
- School of Life Course/Nutritional Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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Blackman J, Morrison H, Lloyd K, Gimson A, Banerjee L, Green S, Cousins R, Rudd S, Harding S, Coulthard E. Sleep Measurement Heterogeneity in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early Dementia - Towards a Core Outcome Set: A Scoping Review. Sleep Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Oliver C, Biswas B, Blackman J, Busse M, Butters A, Drew C, Gabb V, Harding S, Hoyos C, Kendrick A, Turner N, Coulthard E. A systematic review on adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in individuals with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease dementia. Sleep Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ilg M, Harding S, Lapthorn DA, Kirvell DS, Schurman N, Church S, Ralph PD, Bustin PS, Cellek PS. Defining a temporal gene expression profile of myofibroblast transformation in peyronie's disease. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.08.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Karamanos A, Stewart K, Harding S, Kelly Y, Lacey R. Adverse childhood experiences and adolescent drug use in the UK: The moderating role of socioeconomic position and ethnicity. SSM Popul Health 2022; 19:101142. [PMID: 35733836 PMCID: PMC9207135 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale There is a paucity of prospective UK studies exploring the role of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) on adolescent teenage drug use and even less is known about the complex interplay between ACEs and adolescent social, demographic, and economic characteristics. To address these gaps, we use rich longitudinal data from the nationally representative Millennium Cohort Study. Methods Sex-stratified survey logistic regression modelling was applied using data from 9,476 adolescents and their parents to examine associations between ACEs between ages 3 and 14 years and drug use at ages 14 and 17 years. We a) explore the extent to which associations are robust to adjustment for ethnicity, family income, parental social class, and parental education, b) examine whether associations differ by these factors, and c) estimate the proportion of drug use at ages 14 and 17 years attributable to ACEs after controlling for these factors. Results Half of MCS cohort members had been exposed to at least one ACE and approximately 1 in 11 were exposed to 3+ ACEs. Multivariable analyses suggest that ACEs were associated with a higher likelihood of drug use at age 14 than age 17, especially for girls. No evidence was found that either advantaged socio-economic position or ethnicity acted as a buffer against the negative effects of ACEs in relation to adolescent drug use. Finally, we found that prevention of exposure to sexual violence, bullying and violence within the household (if causal) is more important for girls' drug use at age 14 than age 17. Conclusions ACEs are associated with adolescent drug use with potential consequences on wider aspects of young people's lives, regardless of their social, ethnic, or economic background, adding further urgency to the need to reduce the incidence of these negative experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Karamanos
- School of Life Course/ Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, UK
| | - K. Stewart
- Department of Social Policy and Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion (CASE), London School of Economics and Political Science, UK
| | - S. Harding
- School of Life Course/ Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Y. Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, UK
| | - R.E. Lacey
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, UK
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Tan K, Sakrikar D, Ashby J, North S, Ouverson L, Wallis G, Du Chateau B, Harding S, Barnidge D. M185 QIP-MS: A reliable method for detection of M-proteins traceable to the international serum standard DA470K. Clin Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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14
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Tay W, Barnidge D, Sakrikar D, Harding S, Sherman M, Cheedarla N, Neish A. T042 Automated EXENT® mass spectrometry for the qualitative assessment of monoclonal immunoglobulins in urine. Clin Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Tay W, Giles H, Wright N, Afzal M, Birtwistle J, Berlanga O, North S, Drayson M, Pratt G, Wallis G, Harding S. T043 Exent mass spectrometry allows early identification of multiclonal MGUS compared to electrophoretic methods. Clin Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Tan K, Ashby J, North S, Barnidge D, Brusseau S, Patel R, Du Chateau B, Wallis G, Harding S, Sakrikar D. T032 QIP-MS: An alternative method to standard electrophoretic techniques for the identification of intact monoclonal immunoglobulins. Clin Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Harding S, MacDonald K, Nicholson S, Tageldein M, Arrowsmith C. MO-0138 cGAS localization to micronuclei is dictated by nuclear chromatin status pre-DNA damage. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)02298-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Tan K, Lajko M, Sakrikar D, Ashby J, North S, Wallis G, Harding S, Du Chateau B, Murray D, Barnidge D. T033 QIP-MS discriminates therapeutic monoclonal antibodies from endogenous m-proteins in patients with multiple myeloma. Clin Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Chen PJ, Mackes N, Sacchi C, Lawrence AJ, Ma X, Pollard R, Matter M, Morgan C, Harding S, Schumann G, Pariante C, Mehta MA, Montana G, Nosarti C, Dazzan P. Parental education and youth suicidal behaviours: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 2022; 31:e19. [PMID: 35352676 PMCID: PMC8967699 DOI: 10.1017/s204579602200004x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Lower parental education has been linked to adverse youth mental health outcomes. However, the relationship between parental education and youth suicidal behaviours remains unclear. We explored the association between parental education and youth suicidal ideation and attempts, and examined whether sociocultural contexts moderate such associations. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis with a systematic literature search in PubMed, PsycINFO, Medline and Embase from 1900 to December 2020 for studies with participants aged 0-18, and provided quantitative data on the association between parental education and youth suicidal ideation and attempts (death included). Only articles published in English in peer-reviewed journals were considered. Two authors independently assessed eligibility of the articles. One author extracted data [e.g. number of cases and non-cases in each parental education level, effect sizes in forms of odds ratios (ORs) or beta coefficients]. We then calculated pooled ORs using a random-effects model and used moderator analysis to investigate heterogeneity. RESULTS We included a total of 59 articles (63 study samples, totalling 2 738 374 subjects) in the meta-analysis. Lower parental education was associated with youth suicidal attempts [OR = 1.12, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.04-1.21] but not with suicidal ideation (OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.98-1.12). Geographical region and country income level moderated the associations. Lower parental education was associated with an increased risk of youth suicidal attempts in Northern America (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.10-1.45), but with a decreased risk in Eastern and South-Eastern Asia (OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.54-0.96). An association of lower parental education and increased risk of youth suicidal ideation was present in high- income countries (HICs) (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.05-1.25), and absent in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.77-1.08). CONCLUSIONS The association between youth suicidal behaviours and parental education seems to differ across geographical and economical contexts, suggesting that cultural, psychosocial or biological factors may play a role in explaining this association. Although there was high heterogeneity in the studies reviewed, this evidence suggests that the role of familial sociodemographic characteristics in youth suicidality may not be universal. This highlights the need to consider cultural, as well as familial factors in the clinical assessment and management of youth's suicidal behaviours in our increasingly multicultural societies, as well as in developing prevention and intervention strategies for youth suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. J. Chen
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Taoyuan and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - N. Mackes
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C. Sacchi
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - A. J. Lawrence
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - X. Ma
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - R. Pollard
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M. Matter
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C. Morgan
- Health Service & Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - S. Harding
- Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - G. Schumann
- Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C. Pariante
- Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M. A. Mehta
- Department of Neuroimaging & Psychopharmacology, Centre of Neuroimaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - G. Montana
- Department of Data Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - C. Nosarti
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Centre for the Developing Brain, Department of Perinatal Imaging & Health, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - P. Dazzan
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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20
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Yiu J, Hally K, Holley A, Harding S, Larsen P. Neutrophil Count Predicts One-Year Mortality in Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Patel P, Mustafa S, Liu Z, Harding S, Koritzinsky M, Koch C. Strategic Training in Transdisciplinary Radiation Science for the 21st Century (STARS21): 5-Year Prospective Evaluation of an Innovative Curriculum in Radiation Science. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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22
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Karamanos A, Mudway I, Kelly F, Beevers SD, Dajnak D, Elia C, Cruickshank JK, Lu Y, Tandon S, Enayat E, Dazzan P, Maynard M, Harding S. Air pollution and trajectories of adolescent conduct problems: the roles of ethnicity and racism; evidence from the DASH longitudinal study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2021; 56:2029-2039. [PMID: 33929549 PMCID: PMC8519907 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-021-02097-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE No known UK empirical research has investigated prospective associations between ambient air pollutants and conduct problems in adolescence. Ethnic minority children are disproportionately exposed to structural factors that could moderate any observed relationships. This prospective study examined whether exposure to PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations is associated with conduct problems in adolescence, and whether racism or ethnicity moderate such associations. METHODS Longitudinal associations between annual mean estimated PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations at the residential address and trajectories of conduct problems, and the potential influence of racism and ethnicity were examined school-based sample of 4775 participants (2002-2003 to 2005-2006) in London, using growth curve models. RESULTS Overall, in the fully adjusted model, exposure to lower concentrations of PM2.5 and NO2 was associated with a decrease in conduct problems during adolescence, while exposure to higher concentrations was associated with a flattened trajectory of conduct symptoms. Racism amplified the effect of PM2.5 (β = 0.05 (95% CI 0.01 to 0.10, p < 0.01)) on adolescent trajectories of conduct problems over time. At higher concentrations of PM2.5, there was a divergence of trajectories of adolescent conduct problems between ethnic minority groups, with White British and Black Caribbean adolescents experiencing an increase in conduct problems over time. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the intersections between air pollution, ethnicity, and racism are important influences on the development of conduct problems in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Karamanos
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, 57 Waterloo Road, London, SE1 8WA, UK.
| | - I Mudway
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - F Kelly
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - S D Beevers
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - D Dajnak
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - C Elia
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, 57 Waterloo Road, London, SE1 8WA, UK
| | - J K Cruickshank
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, 57 Waterloo Road, London, SE1 8WA, UK
| | - Y Lu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, 57 Waterloo Road, London, SE1 8WA, UK
| | - S Tandon
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - E Enayat
- Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - P Dazzan
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M Maynard
- School of Clinical and Applied Sciences, Leeds Beckett University, London, UK
| | - S Harding
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, 57 Waterloo Road, London, SE1 8WA, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
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23
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Paramlall M, Bakar I, Kandasamy R, Gadhvi A, Holloway C, Harding S, Tyagi H. #3105 How does self-report of mood symptoms compare with observer assessments after acquired brain injury. J Neurol Psychiatry 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2021-bnpa.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
ObjectivesPost acquired brain injury (ABI) depression has been implicated in different patient outcomes such as prospective cognition, cognitive impairment, rehabilitation outcome, and quality of life. However, there have been no studies identified in the literature, investigating post ABI insight into depression across varied cognitive abilities. Here we looked at ABI patient insight into their depression across a range of cognitive abilities and compared this to an observed or an objective measure of depression.MethodsA retrospective cohort of 24 individuals with ABI (depressed and non-depressed) seen in a neuropsychiatry outpatient clinic between 2019 and 2020 completed a Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), self-reported depression scale and had a Neuropsychiatry Inventory Questionnaire(NPI-Q), an observer assessment with a depression domain. The patients also underwent a formal cognitive examination using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).ResultsNon-depressed ABI and depressed ABI individuals with a wide range of cognitive abilities demonstrated good insight into their depression when matched to the observer rating. Chi-Square Test showed little variation between the PHQ-9 and NPI-Q Depression data sets; Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test: Z Test -4.08, p<0.001, Effect Size 0.87 and Spearman’s rho showed positive correlation between the two data sets (Correlation Coefficient 0.527, P<0.008). Therefore, there was a statistically significant agreement between the subjective measure (PHQ-9) and the observed (objective) measure NPIQD and that there was a positive correlation between the two measurement scales for patients with ABI regardless of cognition (as measured by MoCAz score; range -6 to 2.21, mean: -1.17)ConclusionsThese findings indicate (1) self-reported measures of depression in ABI are consistent with observed (objective measures) thus can be used to assess depression in this cohort and (2) ABI patients with a wide range of cognitive abilities would appear to have good insight into their depression.
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24
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Cook A, Faustini S, Williams L, Cunningham A, Drayson M, Shields A, Kay D, Taylor L, Plant T, Huissoon A, Wallis G, Beck S, Jossi S, Perez-Toledo M, Newby M, Allen J, Crispin M, Harding S, Richter A. Validation of a combined ELISA to detect IgG, IgA and IgM antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in mild or moderate non-hospitalised patients. J Immunol Methods 2021; 494:113046. [PMID: 33775672 PMCID: PMC7997147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2021.113046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frequently SARS-CoV-2 results in mild or moderate disease with potentially lower concentrations of antibodies compared to those that are hospitalised. Here, we validated an ELISA using SARS-CoV-2 trimeric spike glycoprotein, with targeted detection of IgG, IgA and IgM (IgGAM) using serum and dried blood spots (DBS) from adults with mild or moderate disease. METHODS Targeting the SARS-CoV-2 trimeric spike, a combined anti-IgG, IgA and IgM serology ELISA assay was developed using 62 PCR-confirmed non-hospitalised, mild or moderate COVID-19 samples, ≥14 days post symptom onset and 624 COVID-19 negative samples. The assay was validated using 73 PCR-confirmed non-hospitalised, mild or moderate COVID-19 samples, ≥14 days post symptom onset and 359 COVID-19 negative serum samples with an additional 81 DBSs. The assay was further validated in 226 PCR-confirmed non-hospitalised, mild or moderate COVID-19 samples, ≥14 days post symptom onset and 426 COVID-19 negative clinical samples. RESULTS A sensitivity and specificity of 98.6% (95% CI, 92.6-100.0), 98.3% (95% CI, 96.4-99.4), respectively, was observed following validation of the SARS-CoV-2 ELISA. No cross-reactivities with endemic coronaviruses or other human viruses were observed, and no change in results were recorded for interfering substances. The assay was stable at temperature extremes and components were stable for 15 days once opened. A matrix comparison showed DBS to correlate with serum results. Clinical validation of the assay reported a sensitivity of 94.7% (95% CI, 90.9-97.2%) and a specificity of 98.4% (95% CI, 96.6-99.3%). CONCLUSIONS The human anti-IgGAM SARS-CoV-2 ELISA provides accurate and sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in non-hospitalised adults with mild or moderate disease. The use of dried blood spots makes the assay accessible to the wider community.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.M. Cook
- The Binding Site Group Ltd, 8 Calthorpe Road, Birmingham B15 1QT, UK
| | - S.E. Faustini
- Clinical Immunology Service, University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - L.J. Williams
- The Binding Site Group Ltd, 8 Calthorpe Road, Birmingham B15 1QT, UK,Corresponding author at: The Binding Site Group, 8 Calthorpe Road, Birmingham B15 1QT, UK
| | - A.F. Cunningham
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - M.T. Drayson
- Clinical Immunology Service, University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - A.M. Shields
- Clinical Immunology Service, University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK,University Hospitals Birmingham, NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2GW, UK
| | - D. Kay
- The Binding Site Group Ltd, 8 Calthorpe Road, Birmingham B15 1QT, UK
| | - L. Taylor
- The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton Road, Wolverhampton, West Midlands WV10 0QP, UK
| | - T. Plant
- Clinical Immunology Service, University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - A. Huissoon
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK,University Hospitals Birmingham, NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2GW, UK
| | - G. Wallis
- The Binding Site Group Ltd, 8 Calthorpe Road, Birmingham B15 1QT, UK
| | - S. Beck
- University Hospitals Birmingham, NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2GW, UK
| | - S.E. Jossi
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - M. Perez-Toledo
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - M.L. Newby
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - J.D. Allen
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - M. Crispin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - S. Harding
- The Binding Site Group Ltd, 8 Calthorpe Road, Birmingham B15 1QT, UK
| | - A.G. Richter
- Clinical Immunology Service, University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK,University Hospitals Birmingham, NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2GW, UK
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25
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Kristono G, Holley A, Harding S, Larsen P. Using C-reactive Protein and Cytokines to Identify Inflammatory States in Acute Myocardial Infarction. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.06.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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26
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Borrie A, Shi B, Zebrauskaite A, Ranchord A, Fairley S, Harding S. Outcomes of a New-Generation Polymer-Free Amphilimus-Eluting Stent in Complex Coronary Lesions. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.06.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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27
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Harding S. SP-0257: Innate immune responses caused by radiation-induced micronuclei. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)00281-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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28
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Brunton-O'Sullivan M, Holley A, Hally K, Kristono G, Bird G, Harding S, Larsen P. 488 Examining the Relationship Between Infarct Size and Circulating Extracellular Matrix Biomarkers Over Acute and Chronic Phases of Myocardial Infarction. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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29
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Holley A, Harding S, Larsen P. 440 An Analysis on Gender Disparities in a Contemporary Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) Cohort. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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30
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Borrie A, Zebrauskaite A, Fairley S, Ranchord A, Harding S. 777 A New Generation Polymer-Free Amphilimus Eluting Stent in Complex PCI: A Single Centre Experience. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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31
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Kristono G, Holley A, Hally K, Brunton-O'Sullivan M, Harding S, Larsen P. 567 Trends in Inflammatory Cytokine Levels Over Acute and Chronic Phases of Myocardial Infarction. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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32
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Jabbour R, Owen T, Reinsch M, Pandey P, Wang B, King O, Smith G, Stuckey D, Shanmuganathan M, Lyon A, Ng F, Terracciano C, Weinberger F, Eschenghagen T, Harding S. P5385Development and preclinical testing of upscaled engineered heart tissue for use in translational studies. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The lack of efficacy of stem cell therapy for the treatment of heart failure may be related to the poor retention rates offered by existing delivery methods (intra-coronary/ intramyocardial). Tissue engineering strategies improve cell retention in small animal models but data regarding engineered heart tissue (EHT) patches large enough for human studies are lacking.
Purpose
To upscale EHT to a clinically relevant size and mature the patch in-vitro. Once matured to undergo preclinical testing in a rabbit model of myocardial infarction.
Methods
We developed an upscaled EHT patch (3cm x 2cm x 1.5mm) able to contain up to 50 million human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM; Fig A/B). Myocardial infarction model was performed by permanent ligation.
Results
The patches began to beat spontaneously within 3 days of fabrication and after 28 days of dynamic culture (Late EHTs) showed the development of several mature characteristics when compared to early patches (<14 days from fabrication). For example, late EHTs contained hiPSC-CMs which were more aligned (hiPSC-CM accumulative angle change: early 2702±778 degrees [n=4] vs late 922±186 [n=5], p=0.042); showed better contraction kinetics (early peak contraction amplitude 87.9±5.8a.u. versus late 952±304a.u.; p<0.001) and faster calcium transients (time to peak: early 200.8±8.8ms [n=5] vs late 147.7±10.2ms [n=6], p=0.004; time to 75% decay: early 274±9.7ms vs late 219.9±2.7ms, p=0.0003).
We then tested the EHT patch in-vivo using a rabbit model (Fig C). Patches were applied to normal (n=5) or infarcted hearts (n=8). Sham operations used non-cellular fibrin patches (n=5). The mean fraction of troponin positive cells in the graft was 27.8±10.3% at 25.2±1.7 days relative to day 0 [n=5] and KU80 (human specific marker) staining confirmed that this was of human origin. CD31 (Fig D) and KU80 staining revealed that the grafts were well vascularized and that the vasculature was not human in origin (therefore were originating from the host). Ex-vivo optical mapping revealed evidence of electrical coupling between the graft and host at 2 weeks and preliminary experiments indicated that the patch improved left ventricular function when grafted onto infarcted hearts. Telemetry recordings in vivo and arrhythmia provocation protocols (ex vivo) indicated that the patch was not proarrhythmic.
Figure 1. A/B) EHT Images; C) 20x troponin T (brown) of rabbit myocardium/EHT (2 weeks after grafting), blue counterstain = haematoxylin, red lines = EHT borders; D) 63x CD31 staining (brown) rabbit/EHT border zone (2 weeks after grafting), blue stain = haematoxylin, red lines = graft/host border zones.
Conclusion
We successfully upscaled hiPSC-CM derived EHT to a clinically relevant size and demonstrated feasibility and integration using a rabbit model of myocardial infarction. Tissue engineering strategies may be the preferred modality of cell delivery for future cardiac regenerative medicine studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Jabbour
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, imperial, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Owen
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Reinsch
- University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - P Pandey
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - B Wang
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - O King
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - G Smith
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - D Stuckey
- University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - A Lyon
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - F Ng
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - F Weinberger
- University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - T Eschenghagen
- University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Harding
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Brook H, Caspari S, Weber B, Grimmler M, Murphy F, Mccusker M, Matters D, Harding S. Measurement of Lipoprotein (a) using the binding site Optilite® turbidimetric analyzer and Lipoprotein (a) assay. Clin Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Brook H, Jamil O, Mcentee D, Murphy F, Mccusker M, Matters D, Harding S. Evaluation of the Freelite MX™ kappa free and lambda free assays on the binding site Optilite® turbidimetric analyzer using CSF samples. Clin Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Coley M, Sharp K, Kay A, Stubbs P, Harding S. Remediation of IGG4 cross reaction from the binding site OPTILITE® IGG1 and IGG2 assays. Clin Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Sroa B, Weber B, Grimmler M, Murphy F, Matters D, Harding S. Apolipoprotein B assay performance on the binding site Optilite® turbidimetric analyzer. Clin Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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North S, Barnidge D, Brusseau S, Patel R, Haselton M, Du Chateau B, Wallis G, Harding S, Sakrikar D, Ashby J. QIP-MS: A specific, sensitive, accurate, and quantitative alternative to electrophoresis that can identify endogenous m-proteins and distinguish them from therapeutic monoclonal antibodies in patients being treated for multiple myeloma. Clin Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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38
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Brook H, Johnson-Brett B, Brohet F, Stordeur P, Mcentee D, Murphy F, Matters D, Harding S. Measurement of Complement C2 using the binding site SPAPLUS® turbidimetric analyzer and Complement C2 assay. Clin Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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39
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Coley M, Wilson C, Sharp K, Harding S. Stability of serum free light chains at -20C, +4C AND +22C. Clin Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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40
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Aldridge C, Hardy E, Mcentee D, Antanaitis A, Twomey P, Freund D, Kuehn S, Hegel K, Murphy F, Matters D, Harding S. Performance of the low level IgG assay for human factor testing on the binding site Optilite ® analyzer. Clin Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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41
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Harding S. SP-0116 Mechanisms of Radiotherapy Induced Inflammatory Signaling. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)30536-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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42
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Greig JD, Young I, Harding S, Mascarenhas M, Waddell LA. A scoping review of Lyme disease research relevant to public health. Can Commun Dis Rep 2018; 44:243-256. [PMID: 31524886 PMCID: PMC6707479 DOI: 10.14745/ccdr.v44i10a03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Lyme disease (LD) is an emerging infectious disease in Canada associated with expansion of the geographic range of the tick vector Ixodes scapularis in eastern and central Canada. A scoping review of published research was prioritized to identify and characterize the scientific evidence concerning key aspects of LD to support public health efforts. Prior to initiation of this review, an expert advisory group was surveyed to solicit insight on priority topics and scope. A pre-tested search strategy implemented in eight databases (updated September 2016) captured relevant research. Pre-tested screening and data characterization forms were completed by two independent reviewers and descriptive analysis was conducted to identify topic areas with solid evidence and knowledge gaps. Of 19,353 records screened, 2,258 relevant articles were included in the review under the following six public health focus areas: a) surveillance/monitoring in North America (n=809); b) evaluation of diagnostic tests (n=736); c) risk factors (n=545); d) public health interventions (n=205); e) public knowledge, attitudes and/or perceptions in North America (n=202); and f) the economic burden of LD or cost-benefit of interventions (n=32). The majority of research investigated Borrelia burgdorferi (n=1,664), humans (n=1,154) and Ixodes scapularis (n=459). Sufficient research was identified for potential systematic reviews in four topic areas: a) accuracy of diagnostic tests; b) risk factors for human illness; c) efficacy of LD intervention strategies; and d) prevalence and/or incidence of LD in humans or B. burgdorferi sensu stricto in vertebrate reservoirs or ticks in North America. Future primary research could focus on closing knowledge gaps, such as the role of less studied vertebrate reservoirs in the transmission cycle. Results of this scoping review can be used to quickly identify and summarize relevant research pertaining to specific questions about LD or B. burgdorferi sensu lato in humans, vertebrate hosts or vectors, providing evidence-informed information within timelines that are conducive for public health decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- JD Greig
- National Microbiology Laboratory at Guelph, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON
| | - I Young
- School of Occupational and Public Health, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON
| | - S Harding
- National Microbiology Laboratory at Guelph, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON
| | - M Mascarenhas
- National Microbiology Laboratory at Guelph, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON
| | - LA Waddell
- National Microbiology Laboratory at Guelph, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON
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43
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Panahi M, Papanikolaou A, Khan H, Torabi A, Cleland JGF, Vadgama N, Rosenthal NA, Harding S, Sattler S. P2861A systematic review and meta-analysis of anti-cytokine therapies targeting IL-1 and TNF- A in myocardial infarction and heart failure. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p2861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Panahi
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Instutute, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Papanikolaou
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Instutute, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - H Khan
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Torabi
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - J G F Cleland
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - N Vadgama
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Instutute, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - N A Rosenthal
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America
| | - S Harding
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Instutute, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Sattler
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Instutute, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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44
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Narodden S, Baxan N, Harding S. 4384High-frame rate cine-MRI reveals systolic and diastolic functional abnormalities in the remote segments of ischaemia-reperfusion myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.4384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Narodden
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - N Baxan
- Imperial College London, Biological Imaging Centre, Department of Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Harding
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, United Kingdom
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Jabbour R, Kapnisi K, Mawad D, Handa B, Couch L, Mansfield C, Perbillini F, Terracciano C, Stevens M, Lyon A, Smith G, Peters N, Ng FS, Harding S. P5705Conductive polymers affect myocardial conduction velocity but are not pro-arrhythmic. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.p5705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Jabbour
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, imperial, London, United Kingdom
| | - K Kapnisi
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, imperial, London, United Kingdom
| | - D Mawad
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, imperial, London, United Kingdom
| | - B Handa
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, imperial, London, United Kingdom
| | - L Couch
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, imperial, London, United Kingdom
| | - C Mansfield
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, imperial, London, United Kingdom
| | - F Perbillini
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, imperial, London, United Kingdom
| | - C Terracciano
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, imperial, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Stevens
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, imperial, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Lyon
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, imperial, London, United Kingdom
| | - G Smith
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, imperial, London, United Kingdom
| | - N Peters
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, imperial, London, United Kingdom
| | - F S Ng
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, imperial, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Harding
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, imperial, London, United Kingdom
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46
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Fumagalli GG, Basilico P, Arighi A, Bocchetta M, Dick KM, Cash DM, Harding S, Mercurio M, Fenoglio C, Pietroboni AM, Ghezzi L, van Swieten J, Borroni B, de Mendonça A, Masellis M, Tartaglia MC, Rowe JB, Graff C, Tagliavini F, Frisoni GB, Laforce R, Finger E, Sorbi S, Scarpini E, Rohrer JD, Galimberti D. Distinct patterns of brain atrophy in Genetic Frontotemporal Dementia Initiative (GENFI) cohort revealed by visual rating scales. Alzheimers Res Ther 2018; 10:46. [PMID: 29793546 PMCID: PMC5968621 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-018-0376-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background In patients with frontotemporal dementia, it has been shown that brain atrophy occurs earliest in the anterior cingulate, insula and frontal lobes. We used visual rating scales to investigate whether identifying atrophy in these areas may be helpful in distinguishing symptomatic patients carrying different causal mutations in the microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT), progranulin (GRN) and chromosome 9 open reading frame (C9ORF72) genes. We also analysed asymptomatic carriers to see whether it was possible to visually identify brain atrophy before the appearance of symptoms. Methods Magnetic resonance imaging of 343 subjects (63 symptomatic mutation carriers, 132 presymptomatic mutation carriers and 148 control subjects) from the Genetic Frontotemporal Dementia Initiative study were analysed by two trained raters using a protocol of six visual rating scales that identified atrophy in key regions of the brain (orbitofrontal, anterior cingulate, frontoinsula, anterior and medial temporal lobes and posterior cortical areas). Results Intra- and interrater agreement were greater than 0.73 for all the scales. Voxel-based morphometric analysis demonstrated a strong correlation between the visual rating scale scores and grey matter atrophy in the same region for each of the scales. Typical patterns of atrophy were identified: symmetric anterior and medial temporal lobe involvement for MAPT, asymmetric frontal and parietal loss for GRN, and a more widespread pattern for C9ORF72. Presymptomatic MAPT carriers showed greater atrophy in the medial temporal region than control subjects, but the visual rating scales could not identify presymptomatic atrophy in GRN or C9ORF72 carriers. Conclusions These simple-to-use and reproducible scales may be useful tools in the clinical setting for the discrimination of different mutations of frontotemporal dementia, and they may even help to identify atrophy prior to onset in those with MAPT mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio G Fumagalli
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, "Dino Ferrari" Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. .,Fondazione Cà Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - Paola Basilico
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, "Dino Ferrari" Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Fondazione Cà Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Arighi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, "Dino Ferrari" Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Fondazione Cà Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Bocchetta
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Katrina M Dick
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - David M Cash
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Sophie Harding
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Matteo Mercurio
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, "Dino Ferrari" Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Fondazione Cà Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Fenoglio
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, "Dino Ferrari" Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Fondazione Cà Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna M Pietroboni
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, "Dino Ferrari" Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Fondazione Cà Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Ghezzi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, "Dino Ferrari" Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Fondazione Cà Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Mario Masellis
- Cognitive Neurology Research Unit, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maria C Tartaglia
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Caroline Graff
- Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | - Sandro Sorbi
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,IRCCS Don Gnocchi, Florence, Italy
| | - Elio Scarpini
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, "Dino Ferrari" Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Fondazione Cà Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Jonathan D Rohrer
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Daniela Galimberti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, "Dino Ferrari" Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Fondazione Cà Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Berecz T, Molnar A, Haltrich I, Homolya L, Harding S, Rethelyi J, Merkely B, Foldes G, Apati A. P70Cardiomyocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells of patient with DiGeorge syndrome show slower beating frequency and higher irregularity. Cardiovasc Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy060.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Berecz
- Semmelweis University Heart Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A Molnar
- Semmelweis University Heart Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - I Haltrich
- Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - L Homolya
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - S Harding
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Rethelyi
- Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - B Merkely
- Semmelweis University Heart Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - G Foldes
- Semmelweis University Heart Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A Apati
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
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48
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Evans C, Bateman E, Steven R, Ponsford M, Cullinane A, Shenton C, Duthie G, Conlon C, Jolles S, Huissoon AP, Longhurst HJ, Rahman T, Scott C, Wallis G, Harding S, Parker AR, Ferry BL. Measurement of Typhi Vi antibodies can be used to assess adaptive immunity in patients with immunodeficiency. Clin Exp Immunol 2018; 192:292-301. [PMID: 29377063 PMCID: PMC5980364 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccine‐specific antibody responses are essential in the diagnosis of antibody deficiencies. Responses to Pneumovax II are used to assess the response to polysaccharide antigens, but interpretation may be complicated. Typhim Vi®, a polysaccharide vaccine for Salmonella typhoid fever, may be an additional option for assessing humoral responses in patients suspected of having an immunodeficiency. Here we report a UK multi‐centre study describing the analytical and clinical performance of a Typhi Vi immunoglobulin (Ig)G enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) calibrated to an affinity‐purified Typhi Vi IgG preparation. Intra‐ and interassay imprecision was low and the assay was linear, between 7·4 and 574 U/ml (slope = 0·99–1·00; R2 > 0·99); 71% of blood donors had undetectable Typhi Vi IgG antibody concentrations. Of those with antibody concentrations > 7·4 U/ml, the concentration range was 7·7–167 U/ml. In antibody‐deficient patients receiving antibody replacement therapy the median Typhi Vi IgG antibody concentrations were < 25 U/ml. In vaccinated normal healthy volunteers, the median concentration post‐vaccination was 107 U/ml (range 31–542 U/ml). Eight of eight patients (100%) had post‐vaccination concentration increases of at least threefold and six of eight (75%) of at least 10‐fold. In an antibody‐deficient population (n = 23), only 30% had post‐vaccination concentration increases of at least threefold and 10% of at least 10‐fold. The antibody responses to Pneumovax II and Typhim Vi® correlated. We conclude that IgG responses to Typhim Vi® vaccination can be measured using the VaccZyme Salmonella typhi Vi IgG ELISA, and that measurement of these antibodies maybe a useful additional test to accompany Pneumovax II responses for the assessment of antibody deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Evans
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Oxford University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - E Bateman
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Oxford University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - R Steven
- Immunodeficiency Centre for Wales, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - M Ponsford
- Immunodeficiency Centre for Wales, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - A Cullinane
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Oxford University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - C Shenton
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Oxford University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - G Duthie
- Infectious Disease Department, Oxford University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - C Conlon
- Infectious Disease Department, Oxford University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - S Jolles
- Immunodeficiency Centre for Wales, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - A P Huissoon
- West Midlands Primary Immunodeficiency Centre, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - H J Longhurst
- Department of Immunology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - T Rahman
- Department of Immunology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - C Scott
- Department of Immunology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - G Wallis
- Binding Site Group Limited, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Harding
- Binding Site Group Limited, Birmingham, UK
| | - A R Parker
- Binding Site Group Limited, Birmingham, UK
| | - B L Ferry
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Oxford University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
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Kristono G, Holley A, Sasse A, Harding S, Larsen P. Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Prognostic Marker in Acute Myocardial Infarction. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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50
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Fairley S, Harding S. Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection as a Cause of Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Bigger Problem Than We Thought? Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.1034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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