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Singh SK, Valicherla GR, Bikkasani AK, Cheruvu SH, Hossain Z, Taneja I, Ahmad H, Raju KSR, Sangwan NS, Singh SK, Dwivedi AK, Wahajuddin M, Gayen JR. Elucidation of plasma protein binding, blood partitioning, permeability, CYP phenotyping and CYP inhibition studies of Withanone using validated UPLC method: An active constituent of neuroprotective herb Ashwagandha. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 270:113819. [PMID: 33460762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Withanone (WN), an active constituent of Withania somnifera commonly called Ashwagandha has remarkable pharmacological responses along with neurological activities. However, for a better understanding of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic behavior of WN, a comprehensive in-vitro ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) studies are necessary. AIM OF THE STUDY A precise, accurate, and sensitive reverse-phase ultra-performance liquid chromatographic method of WN was developed and validated in rat plasma for the first time. The developed method was successfully applied to the in-vitro ADME investigation of WN. MATERIAL AND METHODS The passive permeability of WN was assayed using PAMPA plates and the plasma protein binding (PPB) was performed using the equilibrium dialysis method. Pooled liver microsomes of rat (RLM) and human (HLM) were used for the microsomal stability, CYP phenotyping, and inhibition studies. CYP phenotyping was evaluated using the specific inhibitors. CYP inhibition study was performed using specific probe substrates along with WN or specific inhibitors. RESULTS WN was found to be stable in the simulated gastric and intestinal environment and has a high passive permeability at pH 4.0 and 7.0 in PAMPA assay. The PPB of WN at 5 and 20 μg/mL concentrations were found to be high i.e. 82.01 ± 1.44 and 88.02 ± 1.15%, respectively. The in vitro half-life of WN in RLM and HLM was found to be 59.63 ± 2.50 and 68.42 ± 2.19 min, respectively. CYP phenotyping results showed that WN was extensively metabolized by CYP 3A4 and1A2 enzymes in RLM and HLM. However, the results of CYP Inhibition studies showed that none of the CYP isoenzymes were potentially inhibited by WN in RLM and HLM. CONCLUSION The in vitro results of pH-dependent stability, plasma stability, permeability, PPB, blood partitioning, microsomal stability, CYP phenotyping, and CYP inhibition studies demonstrated that WN could be a better phytochemical for neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep K Singh
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Guru R Valicherla
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Anil K Bikkasani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (R), Lucknow, 226301, India
| | - Srikanth H Cheruvu
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Zakir Hossain
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Isha Taneja
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Hafsa Ahmad
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Kanumuri S R Raju
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Neelam S Sangwan
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Shio K Singh
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Anil K Dwivedi
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Mohammad Wahajuddin
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Jiaur R Gayen
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Maheshwari S, Avula SR, Singh A, Singh LR, Palnati GR, Arya RK, Cheruvu SH, Shahi S, Sharma T, Meena S, Singh AK, Kant R, Riyazuddin M, Bora HK, Siddiqi MI, Gayen JR, Sashidhara KV, Datta D. Discovery of a Novel Small-Molecule Inhibitor that Targets PP2A-β-Catenin Signaling and Restricts Tumor Growth and Metastasis. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:1791-1805. [PMID: 28500231 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Molecular hybridization of different pharmacophores to tackle both tumor growth and metastasis by a single molecular entity can be very effective and unique if the hybrid product shows drug-like properties. Here, we report synthesis and discovery of a novel small-molecule inhibitor of PP2A-β-catenin signaling that limits both in vivo tumor growth and metastasis. Our molecular hybridization approach resulted in cancer cell selectivity and improved drug-like properties of the molecule. Inhibiting PP2A and β-catenin interaction by selectively engaging PR55α-binding site, our most potent small-molecule inhibitor diminished the expression of active β-catenin and its target proteins c-Myc and Cyclin D1. Furthermore, it promotes robust E-cadherin upregulation on the cell surface and increases β-catenin-E-Cadherin association, which may prevent dissemination of metastatic cells. Altogether, we report synthesis and mechanistic insight of a novel drug-like molecule to differentially target β-catenin functionality via interacting with a particular subunit of PP2A. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(9); 1791-805. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrankhla Maheshwari
- Biochemistry Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Akhilesh Singh
- Biochemistry Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, India
| | - L Ravithej Singh
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, India
| | - Gopala R Palnati
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, India
| | - Rakesh K Arya
- Biochemistry Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, India
| | | | - Sudhir Shahi
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, India
| | - Tanuj Sharma
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, India
| | - Sanjeev Meena
- Biochemistry Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, India
| | - Anup K Singh
- Biochemistry Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, India
| | - Ruchir Kant
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, India
| | | | | | - Mohammad I Siddiqi
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India.,Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, India
| | - Jiaur R Gayen
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India.,Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, India
| | - Koneni V Sashidhara
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India. .,Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, India
| | - Dipak Datta
- Biochemistry Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
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Arya RK, Singh A, Yadav NK, Cheruvu SH, Hossain Z, Meena S, Maheshwari S, Singh AK, Shahab U, Sharma C, Singh K, Narender T, Mitra K, Arya KR, Singh RK, Gayen JR, Datta D. Anti-breast tumor activity of Eclipta extract in-vitro and in-vivo: novel evidence of endoplasmic reticulum specific localization of Hsp60 during apoptosis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18457. [PMID: 26672742 PMCID: PMC4682077 DOI: 10.1038/srep18457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Major challenges for current therapeutic strategies against breast cancer are associated with drug-induced toxicities. Considering the immense potential of bioactive phytochemicals to deliver non-toxic, efficient anti-cancer therapeutics, we performed bio-guided fractionation of Eclipta alba extract and discovered that particularly the chloroform fraction of Eclipta alba (CFEA) is selectively inducing cytotoxicity to breast cancer cells over non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cells. Our unbiased mechanistic hunt revealed that CFEA specifically activates the intrinsic apoptotic pathway by disrupting the mitochondrial membrane potential, upregulating Hsp60 and downregulating the expression of anti-apoptotic protein XIAP. By utilizing Hsp60 specific siRNA, we identified a novel pro-apoptotic role of Hsp60 and uncovered that following CFEA treatment, upregulated Hsp60 is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). To our knowledge, this is the first evidence of ER specific localization of Hsp60 during cancer cell apoptosis. Further, our LC-MS approach identified that luteolin is mainly attributed for its anti-cancer activities. Moreover, oral administration of CFEA not only offers potential anti-breast cancer effects in-vivo but also mitigates tumor induced hepato-renal toxicity. Together, our studies offer novel mechanistic insight into the CFEA mediated inhibition of breast cancer and may potentially open up new avenues for further translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh K Arya
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Akhilesh Singh
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India
| | | | - Srikanth H Cheruvu
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Zakir Hossain
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Sanjeev Meena
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Shrankhla Maheshwari
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Anup K Singh
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Uzma Shahab
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India
| | | | - Kavita Singh
- Electron Microscopy Unit, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow-226031, India
| | | | - Kalyan Mitra
- Electron Microscopy Unit, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Kamal R Arya
- Botany Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Rama K Singh
- Toxicology Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Jiaur R Gayen
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Dipak Datta
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
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Saxena A, Valicherla GR, Joshi P, Saxena R, Cheruvu SH, Bhunia SS, Jain GK, Siddiqui HH, Saxena AK, Gayen JR. Pharmacokinetics, dose proportionality and permeability of S002-333 and its enantiomers, a potent antithrombotic agent, in rabbits. Xenobiotica 2015; 45:1016-23. [DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2015.1034224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Chauhan SS, Singh AK, Meena S, Lohani M, Singh A, Arya RK, Cheruvu SH, Sarkar J, Gayen JR, Datta D, Chauhan PMS. Synthesis of novel β-carboline based chalcones with high cytotoxic activity against breast cancer cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:2820-4. [PMID: 24844196 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.04.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel β-carboline based chalcones was synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against a panel of human cancer cell lines. Among them we found that two of the compounds 7c and 7d, showed marked anti-proliferative activity in a panel of solid tumor cell lines with highest effect in breast cancer. The compounds 7c and 7d showed an IC50 of 2.25 and 3.29 μM, respectively against human breast cancer MCF-7 cell line. Further, the compound 7c markedly induced DNA fragmentation and apoptosis in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha S Chauhan
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Department of Chemistry, Integral University, Lucknow 226 026, U.P., India
| | - Anup K Singh
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Sanjeev Meena
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Minaxi Lohani
- Department of Chemistry, Integral University, Lucknow 226 026, U.P., India
| | - Akhilesh Singh
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Rakesh K Arya
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Srikanth H Cheruvu
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Jayanta Sarkar
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Jiaur R Gayen
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Dipak Datta
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Prem M S Chauhan
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India.
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