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Vlachou A, Fyssa A, Papazis F, Toulia A, Papazoglou T, Tsermidou L, Kalaitzi S. The educational and psychosocial needs of students with additional provisions during COVID-19 in Greece: Parents' perspectives against schools' crisis management. Res Dev Disabil 2023; 143:104638. [PMID: 37992630 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2023.104638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sudden breakdown of educational and care services following the COVID-19 outbreak caused severe implications to the educational and psychosocial well-being of students with additional needs. AIM The present study investigates the perspectives of parents of students requiring additional provisions in relation to the schools' responsiveness against their children's educational and psychosocial needs during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a focus on (non-) applied inclusive and empowerment practices of parenthood. METHODS AND PROCEDURES A sample of 125 parents in Greece filled out a self-reported questionnaire providing information on four main themes: school organisation in accordance with the COVID-19 measures; distance education; support on transition from quarantine and remote education back to school; and parental empowerment. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS The data revealed that most of the participating parents felt poorly supported during the pandemic. The feeling of being left alone in supporting their children and in fully meeting their personal needs and emotions was also identified. The demographics of the participating parents with children with additional needs revealed an experiences mosaic in relation to the parents' level of education, the number of children who were present in their households, the children's gender as well as their level of school education (preschool- and primary school-aged or secondary school-aged pupils) and attendance of the school programme in regular or special schools. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Data suggest that regular and special schools in Greece, as orchestrated by the Ministry of Education, deployed practices that left students requiring additional provisions unsupported in relation to their educational and psychosocial needs while their parents felt disempowered during the whole period of the COVID-19 pandemic. A range of implications on a more effective support for families and their children with additional needs in alignment with the principles of inclusive education is detailed and discussed. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS The focus of research on the schools' responsiveness to the needs of students requiring additional provisions from the perspective of their parents is of critical importance as it may offer valuable insights pertaining to the school's inclusive policy practices and the promotion of empowering parent partnerships during crisis times. The knowledge gained by exploring parents' experiences will contribute significantly to inform modifications and changes in education delivery in crisis times so as school, as a social system, become more inclusive, supportive, and effective for pupils with additional needs. So far, little attention has been paid to the above-mentioned issues. In the current paper, the parents perspectives were explored through a self-reported questionnaire to reflect on the way schools responded to theirs and their children's educational and psychosocial needs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Most of the participating parents felt poorly supported. The feeling of being left alone in supporting their children and in fully meeting their personal needs and emotions was also identified. The demographics of the participating parents with children requiring additional provisions revealed an experiences mosaic in relation to the parents' level of education, the number of children who were present in their households, the children's gender as well as their level of school education (preschool and primary school or secondary school education) and attendance of the school programme in regular or special schools. A range of implications on a more effective support for families and their children with additional needs in alignment with the principles of inclusive education is detailed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Vlachou
- Department of Educational Studies, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Aristea Fyssa
- Department of Educational Sciences and Early Childhood Education, University of Patras, Patra, Greece
| | - Filippos Papazis
- Department of Educational Studies, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Toulia
- Department of Special Education, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Theodora Papazoglou
- Department of Educational Studies, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Lia Tsermidou
- Department of Educational Studies, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Stavroula Kalaitzi
- Department of Educational Studies, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Herwansyah H, Czabanowska K, Schröder-Bäck P, Kalaitzi S. Barriers and facilitators to the provision of maternal health services at community health centers during the COVID-19 pandemic: Experiences of midwives in Indonesia. Midwifery 2023; 123:103713. [PMID: 37187100 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2023.103713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the experiences of midwives in Indonesia on the provision of maternal health services during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN AND METHODS A qualitative descriptive study using focus group discussions was undertaken. A conventional content analysis was used to analyze the data. Coding categories were generated from the transcripts. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Twenty-two midwives from five community health centers of three regions in the Province of Jambi, Indonesia were included. FINDINGS The interviewees shared similar barriers and facilitators in delivering the services, including the unavailability of adequate protective equipment, the limitation of the number of services, and dealing with the new public health measures related to the COVID-19. Overall, midwives demonstrated a continued commitment to provide maternal health services during the pandemic. KEY CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Significant changes in service delivery have been made to comply with pandemic related restrictions. Despite the unprecedentedly difficult working environment, the midwives continue to provide adequate services to the community by implementing a strict health protocol. Findings from this study contribute to a better understanding of how the quality of the services changed, as well as how new challenges can be addressed and positive changes can be reinforced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herwansyah Herwansyah
- Department of International Health, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Jambi, Indonesia.
| | - Katarzyna Czabanowska
- Department of International Health, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Health Policy Management, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Peter Schröder-Bäck
- Institute of History and Ethics of Police and Public Administration (IGE), University of Applied Sciences for Police and Public Administration in North Rhine-Westphalia, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stavroula Kalaitzi
- Department of Global Health, Richard M.Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, USA; Department of Educational Studies, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Herwansyah H, Czabanowska K, Kalaitzi S, Schröder-Bäck P. The utilization of maternal health services at primary healthcare setting in Southeast Asian Countries: A systematic review of the literature. Sex Reprod Healthc 2022; 32:100726. [PMID: 35462125 DOI: 10.1016/j.srhc.2022.100726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The reduction of Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) remains a global health issue. Although major progress has been achieved in the past 15 years, the ratio is still high, especially in Low Middle-Income Countries. In the Southeast Asian region, most of the countries have not reached the Sustainable Development Goals target yet. Although the countries have several similarities in many aspects, such as community characteristics, cultural context, health systems, and geographical proximity, the MMR in the region presents interesting variations. The scope of this systematic review is to explore published literature on the utilization of maternal health services at the community healthcare centre setting in Southeast Asian countries. The databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched systematically to identify quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods studies published in 2000-2020. A total of 1876 records were found, out of which 353 full text were screened. Finally, 27 studies on utilization of maternal health services met the inclusion criteria and were selected for analysis from seven Southeast Asian countries: Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, The Philippines, Timor Leste and Vietnam. Most of the articles focused on the utilization of maternal health services at primary health care setting. Several themes on maternal health services utilization in the countries emerged, including cultural and socioeconomic factors contributed to the utilization of maternal health services, factors associated with the low utilization of ANC, determinants affected place of delivery and delivery assistance choice. The utilization of maternal health services at primary healthcare setting in seven Southeast Asian countries was identified in a small number of studies. Sociocultural barriers and disparities of health services provision are the major factors associated with low utilization of the services. Further research on strengthening the role of primary healthcare in maternal health services provision is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herwansyah Herwansyah
- Department of International Health, Care and Public Health Research Institute CAPHRI, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Jambi, Indonesia.
| | - Katarzyna Czabanowska
- Department of International Health, Care and Public Health Research Institute CAPHRI, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Health Policy Management, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Stavroula Kalaitzi
- Department of International Health, Care and Public Health Research Institute CAPHRI, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Global Health, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, USA
| | - Peter Schröder-Bäck
- Department of International Health, Care and Public Health Research Institute CAPHRI, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Kalaitzi S, Czabanowska K, Azzopardi-Muscat N, Cuschieri L, Petelos E, Papadakaki M, Babich S. Women, healthcare leadership and societal culture: a qualitative study. J Healthc Leadersh 2019; 11:43-59. [PMID: 31043802 PMCID: PMC6469472 DOI: 10.2147/jhl.s194733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Women leaders encounter societal and cultural challenges that define and diminish their career potential. This occurs across several professions including healthcare. Scant attention has been drawn to the discursive dynamics among gender, healthcare leadership and societal culture. The aim of this study is to assess empirically gendered barriers to women's leadership in healthcare through the lens of sociocultural characteristics. The comparative study was conducted in Greece and Malta. The interest in these countries stems from their poor performance in the gender employment gap and the rapid sociocultural and economic changes occurring in the European-Mediterranean region. Subjects and methods Thirty-six individual in-depth interviews were conducted with health-care leaders, including both women and men (18 women and 18 men). Directed content analysis was used to identify and analyze themes against the coding scheme of the Barriers Thematic Map to women's leadership. Summative content analysis was applied to quantify the usage of themes, while qualitative meta-summative method was used to interpret and contextualize the findings. Results Twenty and twenty-one barriers to women's leadership were identified within the Greek and Maltese healthcare settings, respectively. Prevailing barriers included work/life balance, lack of family (spousal) support, culture, stereotypes, gender bias and lack of social support. Inter-country similarities and differences in prevalence of the identified barriers were observed. Conclusion The study appraised empirically the gendered barriers that women encounter in healthcare leadership through the lens of national sociocultural specificities. Findings unveiled underlying interactions among gender, leadership and countries' sociocultural contexts, which may elucidate the varying degrees of strength of norms and barriers embedded in a society's egalitarian practices. Cultural tightness has been found to be experienced by societal dividends as an alibi or barrier against sociocultural transformation. Findings informed a conceptual framework proposed to advance research in the area of women's leadership.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavroula Kalaitzi
- Department of International Health, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands,
| | - Katarzyna Czabanowska
- Department of International Health, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands, .,Department of Health Policy and Management, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Natasha Azzopardi-Muscat
- Department of Health Services Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Liliana Cuschieri
- Department for Policy in Health, Ministry for Health, Valletta, Malta
| | - Elena Petelos
- Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Iraklion, Greece.,Department of Health Services Research, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI) Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Papadakaki
- Department of Social Work, School of Health and Social Welfare, Technological Educational Institute of Crete, Iraklion, Greece
| | - Suzanne Babich
- Department of International Health, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands, .,Department of Health Policy and Management, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Kalaitzi S, Cheung KL, Hiligsmann M, Babich S, Czabanowska K. Exploring Women Healthcare Leaders' Perceptions on Barriers to Leadership in Greek Context. Front Public Health 2019; 7:68. [PMID: 31024874 PMCID: PMC6465948 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2019.00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gender inequalities have been identified as important derailment factors for health workforce and health system sustainability. Literature holds responsible a list of gendered barriers faced by female health workforce. However, there is a gap in the evidence based research on women leaders' own perceptions of barriers to leading positions advancement. This study aims to explore leadership barriers perceived by women healthcare leaders within country's context; research focused on Greece due to country's poor performance on gender equality index and current economic turbulence. Study supplements survey data and provides orientation for further gender sensitive research in health workforce development through country's specificity lens to better inform education and policy makers. Methods: The best-worst object case survey method was used, applying an online questionnaire designed in Qualtrics. The online questionnaire was sent to 30 purposively invited participants. Respondents were asked to tick the most and the least important barriers to women's leadership in provided choice scenarios. Descriptive data analysis was used to understand and interpret the results. Results: Women leaders perceived stereotypes, work/life balance, lack of equal career advancement, lack of confidence, gender gap and gender bias to be the barriers with the greatest relative importance in constraining opportunities for pursuing leading positions in Greek healthcare setting. Twenty more barriers were identified and ranked lower in relative importance. The results are considered exploratory and not to obtain population based outcomes. Conclusion: This exploratory study reports the perceived barriers of women leaders in pursuing leading positions within Greek healthcare context. The findings point mainly to organizational and socio-cultural related barriers potentially aggravated by country's unfortunate current economic turbulence. Further extensive research is required to establish grounded conclusions and better inform education and policy makers in developing gender sensitive strategies to sustainable health workforce development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavroula Kalaitzi
- Department of International Health, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - K L Cheung
- Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Hiligsmann
- Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - S Babich
- Department of International Health, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - K Czabanowska
- Department of International Health, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Jagellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Odone A, Kalaitzi S, Zeegers D, Czabanowska K, Azzopardi Muscat N. Public health in Europe: the contribution of women leaders. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky212.620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Odone
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - S Kalaitzi
- Women Leadership in Healthcare programme, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - K Czabanowska
- Association of Schools of Public Health in the European Region (ASPHER), Brussel, Belgium
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Abstract
Introduction Female managers in the Polish health care system are seldom a subject of scientific investigation. Material and Methods This study describes the share and profile of women in health care management positions and explores how and why Polish female health care managers add value to the leadership of health care organizations. Three data collection methods were used including: scoping review, analysis of data from governmental information bases and in-depth interviews with female health care managers. Results Men comprise nearly twice the number of hospital directors in Poland as compared to women, or 67% of the total representation. Traits often attributed to women including strength, perseverance, multi-tasking, empathy, emotional intelligence and intuition add value in leadership roles. Polish women managers value the complementarity of genders in professional roles and their contribution to constructive collaboration. Conclusion The study contributes to the scarce literature on Polish female health care managers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Czabanowska
- Department of International Health, CAPHRI, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands & Department of Health Policy and Management, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Alicja Domagała
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Stavroula Kalaitzi
- Department of International Health, CAPHRI, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Genc Burazeri
- Department of International Health, CAPHRI, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands & Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine, Tirana, Albania
| | - Suzanne Babich
- Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA and Department of International Health, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, CAPHRI, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Kalaitzi S, Czabanowska K. The complexities of female leadership in healthcare. Eur J Public Health 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckv174.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Stamataki P, Papazafiropoulou A, Kalaitzi S, Sarafis P, Kagialari M, Adamou E, Diplou A, Stravopodis G, Papadimitriou A, Giamarellou E, Karaiskou A. Knowledge regarding assessment of sepsis among Greek nurses. J Infect Prev 2013; 15:58-63. [PMID: 28989356 DOI: 10.1177/1757177413513816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present survey was to evaluate nurses' knowledge regarding sepsis in Greece. A total of 835 registered nurses (125 males/710 females) from tertiary hospitals in Greece were interviewed from April 2008 to December 2009. All participants completed a self-completed questionnaire about assessment of sepsis (see Figure 1). Basic demographic information was recorded. The protocol and questionnaire were approved by the Ethics Committees of participating hospitals. The majority of the participants answered correctly regarding awareness of systemic inflammation - 83.5% regarding the role of temperature in the definition of systemic inflammation; 81.3% regarding the importance of white blood cell count; and 49.9% and 46.3% regarding the role of tachycardia and tachypnoea, respectively. The same pattern was observed regarding the answers about the assessment of sepsis - 79.4% of the nurses answered correctly about the role of blood pressure; 70.9% about the role of urine volume; and 43.5% about the importance of oxygen saturation. Finally, 57.2% of the participants confirmed that in practice they followed the current guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with sepsis. The study has established baseline data with which future studies can be compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Stamataki
- Infection Control Department, Naval Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - A Papazafiropoulou
- 3 Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Nikaia, Athens, Greece
| | - S Kalaitzi
- Infection Control Department, "Saint Savvas" - Regional Hospital for Cancer Treatment, Athens, Greece
| | - P Sarafis
- Infection Control Department, Naval Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - M Kagialari
- Infection Control Department, Naval Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - E Adamou
- Nursing Department, "Evaggelismos"- Regional General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - A Diplou
- Infection Control Department "Asklepion" Regional General Hospital of Voula, Athens, Greece
| | - G Stravopodis
- Infection Control Department, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center Athens 7, Athens, Greece
| | - A Papadimitriou
- Infection Control Department, "Saint Savvas" - Regional Hospital for Cancer Treatment, Athens, Greece
| | | | - A Karaiskou
- Infection Control Department, "Thriassio" General Hospital of Elefsina, Athens, Greece
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