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Thompkins S, Schaefer S, Toh D, Horwood C, Thompson CH. Outlier or handover: outcomes for General Medicine inpatients. AUST HEALTH REV 2023; 47:602-606. [PMID: 37640381 DOI: 10.1071/ah22242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Objective Patients admitted from the emergency department may be co-located on the treating team's 'home ward'. If no bed is available, patients may be sent to another ward, where they may remain under the admitting team as an 'outlier'. Conversely, care may be handed over to the team on whose home ward they are located. We conducted a retrospective analysis to understand the impact of outlier status and handovers of care on outcomes for General Medicine inpatients. Methods General Medicine admissions at the Royal Adelaide Hospital between September 2020 and November 2021 were analysed. We examined the rate of hospital-acquired complications, inpatient mortality rate, mortality within 48 h of admission, Relative Stay Index, time of discharge from hospital and rate of adverse events within 28 days of discharge. Results A total of 3109 admissions were analysed. Handovers within 24 h of admission were associated with a longer length of stay. There was a trend towards higher rates of adverse events within 28 days of discharge with handovers of care. Outlier status did not affect any outcome measures. Conclusions Handovers within the first 24 h of admission are associated with longer than expected length of stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Thompkins
- Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - S Schaefer
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - D Toh
- Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - C Horwood
- Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - C H Thompson
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Foch C, Allignol A, Hohenberger T, Boutmy E, Schaefer S, Hostalek U. Effectiveness of bisoprolol versus other β-blockers and other antihypertensive classes: a cohort study in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. J Comp Eff Res 2022; 11:423-436. [PMID: 35189710 DOI: 10.2217/cer-2021-0305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To compare blood pressure (BP) and safety outcomes in patients with hypertension initiating bisoprolol, versus other β-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers, calcium channel blockers or diuretics. Materials & methods: New user cohort study. Patients initiating bisoprolol were matched with up to four patients, in each comparator cohort using propensity score. BP outcomes were compared using linear mixed models and safety outcomes using Cox proportional hazards. Results: Differences in average systolic and diastolic BP variation were ≤3 mmHg between bisoprolol versus the compared classes. No difference was observed in risk of diabetes, obesity or erectile dysfunction. An increased dyslipidemia risk was only observed versus diuretics (hazard ratio: 0.76; 98.75% CI: 0.58, 0.99). Conclusion: No differences in BP variation and safety outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Foch
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str 250, Darmstadt, 64293, Germany
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Hecht J, Borowiak M, Fortmeier B, Dikou S, Gierer W, Klempien I, Nekat J, Schaefer S, Strauch E. Case Report: Vibrio fluvialis isolated from a wound infection after a piercing trauma in the Baltic Sea. Access Microbiol 2022; 4:000312. [PMID: 35252751 PMCID: PMC8895609 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio spp. are Gram-negative bacteria found in marine ecosystems. Non-cholera Vibrio spp. can cause gastrointestinal infections and can also lead to wound infections through exposure to contaminated seawater. Vibrio infections are increasingly documented from the Baltic Sea due to extended warm weather periods. We describe the first isolation of Vibrio fluvialis from a wound infection acquired by an impalement injury in the shallow waters of the Baltic Sea. The severe infection required amputation of the third toe. Whole genome sequencing of the isolate was performed and revealed a genome consisting of two circular chromosomes with a size of 1.57 and 3.24 Mb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Hecht
- Unfallchirurgie, Helios Hanseklinikum Stralsund, Große Parower Straße 47-53 18435, Stralsund, Germany
| | - Maria Borowiak
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, BfR, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard Fortmeier
- Unfallchirurgie, Helios Hanseklinikum Stralsund, Große Parower Straße 47-53 18435, Stralsund, Germany
| | - Salah Dikou
- Unfallchirurgie, Helios Hanseklinikum Stralsund, Große Parower Straße 47-53 18435, Stralsund, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Gierer
- MVZ Limbach Vorpommern Rügen, Große Parower Str. 47-53, 18435 Stralsund, Germany
| | - Ingo Klempien
- Klinische Hygiene und Infektiologie, Helios Hanseklinikum Stralsund, Große Parower Straße 47-53 18435 Stralsund, Germany
| | - Jonas Nekat
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, BfR, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Schaefer
- MVZ Limbach Vorpommern Rügen, Große Parower Str. 47-53, 18435 Stralsund, Germany
| | - Eckhard Strauch
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, BfR, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Eckhard Strauch,
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Heiden SE, Sydow K, Schaefer S, Klempien I, Balau V, Bauer P, Hübner NO, Schaufler K. Nearly Identical Plasmids Encoding VIM-1 and Mercury Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae from North-Eastern Germany. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9071345. [PMID: 34206177 PMCID: PMC8305640 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae limits therapeutic options and presents a major public health problem. Resistances to carbapenems are mostly conveyed by metallo-beta-lactamases (MBL) including VIM, which are often encoded on resistance plasmids. We characterized four VIM-positive isolates that were obtained as part of a routine diagnostic screening from two laboratories in north-eastern Germany between June and August 2020. Whole-genome sequencing was performed to address (a) phylogenetic properties, (b) plasmid content, and (c) resistance gene carriage. In addition, we performed phenotypic antibiotic and mercury resistance analyses. The genomic analysis revealed three different bacterial species including C. freundii, E. coli and K. oxytoca with four different sequence types. All isolates were geno- and phenotypically multidrug-resistant (MDR) and the phenotypic profile was explained by the underlying resistance gene content. Three isolates of four carried nearly identical VIM-1-resistance plasmids, which in addition encoded a mercury resistance operon and showed some similarity to two publicly available plasmid sequences from sources other than the two laboratories above. Our results highlight the circulation of a nearly identical IncN-type VIM-1-resistance plasmid in different Enterobacteriaceae in north-eastern Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan E. Heiden
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (S.E.H.); (K.S.)
| | - Katharina Sydow
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (S.E.H.); (K.S.)
| | - Stephan Schaefer
- MVZ Laboratory Limbach Vorpommern-Rügen, 18435 Stralsund, Germany;
| | - Ingo Klempien
- Klinische Hygiene und Infektiologie, Helios Hanseklinikum, 18435 Stralsund, Germany;
| | - Veronika Balau
- IMD Laboratory Greifswald, Institute of Medical Diagnostics, 17493 Greifswald, Germany;
| | | | - Nils-Olaf Hübner
- Central Unit for Infection Prevention and Control, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany;
| | - Katharina Schaufler
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (S.E.H.); (K.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-38344204869
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Abstract
In this essay, we discuss basic orientations and ways of being among us, the academics, especially in the context of research. Using German poet, scholar and author Friedrich Schiller’s distinction between ‘ der philosophische Kopf’ (‘philosophical mind’) and ‘ Brotgelehrte’ (‘bread-fed scholar’), we contrast ideal-typical figures in academia. We find these forgotten 18th-century characters inspirational to help us understand some troublesome contemporary developments of academics and academia and to remind us of the perhaps perennial nature of the ongoing controversies and debates. We further develop and nuance these figures and bring them to the 21st century. Like Schiller in his time, we want to highlight the importance of each of us in shaping what academia is and what it becomes. The contrast may help us think through who we are, what is driving us in our work, and how we can (re)construct ourselves in the light of dominant normalizations and templates for being in contemporary academia.
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Heiden SE, Hübner NO, Bohnert JA, Heidecke CD, Kramer A, Balau V, Gierer W, Schaefer S, Eckmanns T, Gatermann S, Eger E, Guenther S, Becker K, Schaufler K. A Klebsiella pneumoniae ST307 outbreak clone from Germany demonstrates features of extensive drug resistance, hypermucoviscosity, and enhanced iron acquisition. Genome Med 2020; 12:113. [PMID: 33298160 PMCID: PMC7724794 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-020-00814-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibiotic-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae are a major cause of hospital- and community-acquired infections, including sepsis, liver abscess, and pneumonia, driven mainly by the emergence of successful high-risk clonal lineages. The K. pneumoniae sequence type (ST) 307 lineage has appeared in several different parts of the world after first being described in Europe in 2008. From June to October 2019, we recorded an outbreak of an extensively drug-resistant ST307 lineage in four medical facilities in north-eastern Germany. METHODS Here, we investigated these isolates and those from subsequent cases in the same facilities. We performed whole-genome sequencing to study phylogenetics, microevolution, and plasmid transmission, as well as phenotypic experiments including growth curves, hypermucoviscosity, siderophore secretion, biofilm formation, desiccation resilience, serum survival, and heavy metal resistance for an in-depth characterization of this outbreak clone. RESULTS Phylogenetics suggest a homogenous phylogram with several sub-clades containing either isolates from only one patient or isolates originating from different patients, suggesting inter-patient transmission. We identified three large resistance plasmids, carrying either NDM-1, CTX-M-15, or OXA-48, which K. pneumoniae ST307 likely donated to other K. pneumoniae isolates of different STs and even other bacterial species (e.g., Enterobacter cloacae) within the clinical settings. Several chromosomally and plasmid-encoded, hypervirulence-associated virulence factors (e.g., yersiniabactin, metabolite transporter, aerobactin, and heavy metal resistance genes) were identified in addition. While growth, biofilm formation, desiccation resilience, serum survival, and heavy metal resistance were comparable to several control strains, results from siderophore secretion and hypermucoviscosity experiments revealed superiority of the ST307 clone, similar to an archetypical, hypervirulent K. pneumoniae strain (hvKP1). CONCLUSIONS The combination of extensive drug resistance and virulence, partly conferred through a "mosaic" plasmid carrying both antibiotic resistance and hypervirulence-associated features, demonstrates serious public health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan E Heiden
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Str. 17, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nils-Olaf Hübner
- Central Unit for Infection Prevention and Control, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jürgen A Bohnert
- Friedrich Loeffler-Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Claus-Dieter Heidecke
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Axel Kramer
- Institute for Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Veronika Balau
- IMD Laboratory Greifswald, Institute of Medical Diagnostics, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | | | - Tim Eckmanns
- Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sören Gatermann
- National Reference Centre for Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Elias Eger
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Str. 17, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sebastian Guenther
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Karsten Becker
- Friedrich Loeffler-Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Katharina Schaufler
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Str. 17, 17489, Greifswald, Germany.
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Hoechter DJ, Becker-Pennrich A, Langrehr J, Bruegel M, Zwissler B, Schaefer S, Spannagl M, Hinske LC, Zoller M. Higher procoagulatory potential but lower DIC score in COVID-19 ARDS patients compared to non-COVID-19 ARDS patients. Thromb Res 2020; 196:186-192. [PMID: 32891904 PMCID: PMC7441951 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2020.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 is a novel viral disease. Severe courses may present as ARDS. Several publications report a high incidence of coagulation abnormalities in these patients. We aimed to compare coagulation and inflammation parameters in patients with ARDS due to SARS-CoV-2 infection versus patients with ARDS due to other causes. METHODS This retrospective study included intubated patients admitted with the diagnosis of ARDS to the ICU at Munich university hospital. 22 patients had confirmed SARS-CoV2-infection (COVID-19 group), 14 patients had bacterial or other viral pneumonia (control group). Demographic, clinical parameters and laboratory tests including coagulation parameters and thromboelastometry were analysed. RESULTS No differences were found in gender ratios, BMI, Horovitz quotients and haemoglobin values. The median SOFA score, serum lactate levels, renal function parameters (creatinine, urea) and all inflammation markers (IL-6, PCT, CRP) were lower in the COVID-19 group (all: p < 0.05). INR (p < 0.001) and antithrombin (p < 0.001) were higher in COVID-19 patients. D-dimer levels (p = 0.004) and consecutively the DIC score (p = 0.003) were lower in this group. In ExTEM®, Time-to-Twenty (TT20) was shorter in the COVID-19 group (p = 0.047), these patients also had higher FibTEM® MCF (p = 0.005). Further, these patients presented with elevated antigen and activity levels of von-Willebrand-Factor (VWF). CONCLUSION COVID-19 patients presented with higher coagulatory potential (shortened global clotting tests, increased viscoelastic and VWF parameters), while DIC scores were lower. An intensified anticoagulation regimen based on an individual risk assessment is advisable to avoid thromboembolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Hoechter
- Department of Anesthesiology, LMU Klinikum, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
| | - A Becker-Pennrich
- Department of Anesthesiology, LMU Klinikum, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - J Langrehr
- Department of Anesthesiology, LMU Klinikum, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - M Bruegel
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, LMU Klinikum, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - B Zwissler
- Department of Anesthesiology, LMU Klinikum, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; Comprehensive Pulmonary Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), LMU Klinikum, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - S Schaefer
- Department of Anesthesiology, LMU Klinikum, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - M Spannagl
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Haemostasis, LMU Klinikum, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - L C Hinske
- Department of Anesthesiology, LMU Klinikum, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; The Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), LMU Klinikum, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - M Zoller
- Department of Anesthesiology, LMU Klinikum, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
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Stiefelmaier J, Strieth D, Schaefer S, Kronenberger D, Wrabl B, Bröckel U, Ulber R. Untersuchung der Oberflächenadhäsion von Biofilmen. CHEM-ING-TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202055063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Stiefelmaier
- TU Kaiserslautern Lehrgebiet Bioverfahrenstechnik Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49 67663 Kaiserslautern Deutschland
| | - D. Strieth
- TU Kaiserslautern Lehrgebiet Bioverfahrenstechnik Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49 67663 Kaiserslautern Deutschland
| | - S. Schaefer
- Hochschule Trier, Umweltcampus Birkenfeld Institut für Mikroverfahrenstechnik und Partikeltechnik Campusallee Gebäude 9916 55768 Hoppstädten-Weiersbach Deutschland
| | - D. Kronenberger
- TU Kaiserslautern Lehrgebiet Bioverfahrenstechnik Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49 67663 Kaiserslautern Deutschland
| | - B. Wrabl
- TU Kaiserslautern Lehrgebiet Bioverfahrenstechnik Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49 67663 Kaiserslautern Deutschland
| | - U. Bröckel
- Hochschule Trier, Umweltcampus Birkenfeld Institut für Mikroverfahrenstechnik und Partikeltechnik Campusallee Gebäude 9916 55768 Hoppstädten-Weiersbach Deutschland
| | - R. Ulber
- TU Kaiserslautern Lehrgebiet Bioverfahrenstechnik Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49 67663 Kaiserslautern Deutschland
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Scherer K, Soerjawinata W, Schaefer S, Kampeis P, Bröckel U, Wahl M, Ulber R. Transmissionseigenschaften von Füllkörperschüttungen für die phototrophe Kultivierung von Biofilmen terrestrischer Cyanobakterien. CHEM-ING-TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202055011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Scherer
- Hochschule Trier – Umwelt-Campus Birkenfeld Campusallee 55768 Hoppstädten-Weiersbach Deutschland
| | - W. Soerjawinata
- Hochschule Trier – Umwelt-Campus Birkenfeld Campusallee 55768 Hoppstädten-Weiersbach Deutschland
| | - S. Schaefer
- Hochschule Trier – Umwelt-Campus Birkenfeld Campusallee 55768 Hoppstädten-Weiersbach Deutschland
| | - P. Kampeis
- Hochschule Trier – Umwelt-Campus Birkenfeld Campusallee 55768 Hoppstädten-Weiersbach Deutschland
| | - U. Bröckel
- Hochschule Trier – Umwelt-Campus Birkenfeld Campusallee 55768 Hoppstädten-Weiersbach Deutschland
| | - M. Wahl
- Hochschule Trier – Umwelt-Campus Birkenfeld Campusallee 55768 Hoppstädten-Weiersbach Deutschland
| | - R. Ulber
- Technische Universität Kaiserslautern Gottlieb-Daimler-Straße 49 67663 Kaiserslautern Deutschland
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Schaefer S, Soerjawinata W, Schüffler A, Ulber R, Bröckel U, Kampeis P. Characterization of the interaction between fungi and biocarriers with micro‐computed tomography. CHEM-ING-TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202055281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Schaefer
- Trier University of Applied Sciences Institute of Micro-Process-Engineering and Particle Technology Campusallee building 9916 55768 Hoppstädten-Weiersbach Germany
| | - W. Soerjawinata
- Trier University of Applied Sciences Institute for Biotechnical Process Design Campusallee building 9913 55768 Hoppstädten-Weiersbach Germany
| | - A. Schüffler
- Institut für Biotechnologie und Wirkstoff-Forschung gGmbH (IBWF) Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 56 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - R. Ulber
- Technical University Kaiserslautern Institute of Bioprocess Engineering Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. building 49 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - U. Bröckel
- Trier University of Applied Sciences Institute of Micro-Process-Engineering and Particle Technology Campusallee building 9916 55768 Hoppstädten-Weiersbach Germany
| | - P. Kampeis
- Trier University of Applied Sciences Institute for Biotechnical Process Design Campusallee building 9913 55768 Hoppstädten-Weiersbach Germany
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Scherer K, Schaefer S, Bröckel U, Ulber R, Wahl M. Aerosol‐based bioreactor system for the cultivation of terrestrial cyanobacteria using bulk materials. CHEM-ING-TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202055012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Scherer
- Hochschule Trier – Umwelt-Campus Birkenfeld Campusallee 55768 Hoppstädten-Weiersbach Germany
| | - S. Schaefer
- Hochschule Trier – Umwelt-Campus Birkenfeld Campusallee 55768 Hoppstädten-Weiersbach Germany
| | - U. Bröckel
- Hochschule Trier – Umwelt-Campus Birkenfeld Campusallee 55768 Hoppstädten-Weiersbach Germany
| | - R. Ulber
- Technische Universität Kaiserslautern Gottlieb-Daimler-Sraße 49 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - M. Wahl
- Hochschule Trier – Umwelt-Campus Birkenfeld Campusallee 55768 Hoppstädten-Weiersbach Germany
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Nestler T, Wittersheim M, Schaefer S, Hellmich M, Pfister D, Odenthal M, von Brandenstein M, Buettner R, Heidenreich A. Prediction of Radioresistant Prostate Cancer Based on Differentially Expressed Proteins. Urol Int 2020; 105:316-327. [PMID: 32791508 DOI: 10.1159/000509447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although relapses after radiotherapy are common in prostate cancer (PCA) patients, those with a high risk for radioresistance cannot be identified prior to treatment yet. Therefore, this proof-of-concept study was performed to compare protein expression profiles of patients with radio-recurrent PCA to patients treated with primary radical prostatectomy separated by Gleason risk groups. We hypothesized that radio-recurrent PCA have a similar protein expression as high-risk Gleason PCA. METHODS Patient cohorts consisted of (i) 31 patients treated with salvage prostatectomy for locally recurrent PCA after primary radiotherapy and (ii) 94 patients treated with primary prostatectomy split into a Gleason high-risk (≥4 + 3; n = 42 [44.7%]) versus a low-risk group (≤3 + 4; n = 52 [55.3%]). Immunohistochemistry was performed using 15 antibodies with known association to radioresistance in PCA in vitro. ELISA was used for validation of selected markers in serum. RESULTS Androgen receptor (AR) was overexpressed in most radio-recurrent PCA (89.7%) and in most primary high-risk Gleason PCA (87.8%; p = 0.851), while only 67.3% of the low-risk group showed an expression (p = 0.017). Considering the highest Gleason pattern in primary PCA, aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 (AKR1C3) was most similarly expressed by patients with radio-recurrent PCA and patients with Gleason patterns 4 and 5 (p = 0.827 and p = 0.893) compared to Gleason pattern 3 (p = 0.20). These findings were supported by ELISA. CONCLUSION This is the first study to evaluate protein markers in order to predict radioresistance in PCA. Our results point to AR and AKR1C3 as the most promising markers that might help stratify patients for radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Nestler
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,
| | - Maike Wittersheim
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephan Schaefer
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Hellmich
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - David Pfister
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Margarete Odenthal
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Reinhard Buettner
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Axel Heidenreich
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Schaefer S, Neumann JT, Soerensen NA, Gossling A, Ojeda F, Blankenberg S, Westermann D. P3600High-sensitivity troponin I can predict reduced TIMI coronary grade flow in patients with suspected myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Serial measurements of high-sensitivity troponin (hs-Tn) is recommended for rule-out or rule-in of myocardial infarction (MI) in patients presenting with acute chest pain. Based on dynamic hs-Tn changes invasive angiography is recommended in order to identify a culprit lesion. However, the association of hs-Tn with the intracoronary flow is unknown.
Purpose
We aimed to evaluate the association of hs-TnI with intracoronary flow, measured by the TIMI Coronary Grade Flow in coronary angiography, and its association with outcome.
Methods
1,940 consecutive patients presenting with suspected MI to the emergency department were included. Among those 543 patients underwent coronary angiography. Patients with prior coronary artery bypass graft surgery and patients with chronic total occlusion were excluded from further analysis, resulting in 420 available individuals. TIMI Coronary Grade Flow was scored in accordance with the definition of the TIMI study group. For further analysis two groups were distinguished. Group 1: Minimum TIMI Grade Flow <3 (no complete perfusion in at least one of the coronary arteries) and Group 2: Minimum TIMI Grade Flow = 3 (normal flow in all coronary arteries). Troponin I was measured using the ARCHITECT STAT high sensitive Troponin I immunoassay directly at admission, after 1 and 3 hours. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were used to investigate the association of hs-TnI with a reduced TIMI Grade Flow. Survival curves were produced for a combined endpoint of all-cause mortality, rehospitalisation, PCI and MI after 12 months.
Results
In patients with reduced TIMI Grade Flow the level of hs-TnI was significantly higher at admission (Group 2: 87.3 ng/l vs. Group 1: 15.0 ng/l, p<0.001), after 1 hour (298.3 ng/l vs 18.5 ng/l, p<0.001) and after 3 hours (1,071 ng/l vs. 27.7 ng/l, p<0.001). The prediction of reduced TIMI flow based on the absolute value of hs-TnI improved over time from admission (AUC 0.701, optimal cut off 34.8 ng/l, 95% CI (9.7, 74.6)), to 1 hour (AUC 0.759, optimal cut off 65.1 ng/l, 95% CI (25.1, 279.5)) and 3 hours (AUC 0.777, optimal cut off 90.7 ng/l, 95% CI (14.8, 200)). Using the hs-TnI delta to predict a reduced TIMI Grade Flow improved the accuracy only slightly with time from admission: hs-TnI 0/1h delta (AUC 0.758) vs. 0/3h delta (AUC 0.765). The survival curve for a combined endpoint after one year was significantly reduced in patients with reduced TIMI Grade Flow (Figure 1, p=0.012)
Figure 1
Conclusion
Absolute value and delta change of hs-TnI after 1 and 3 hours help to predict the presence of reduced TIMI Grade Flow in coronary arteries. Patients suffering from a lowered TIMI Grade Flow have higher event rates after 12-months.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schaefer
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - J T Neumann
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - N A Soerensen
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Gossling
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - F Ojeda
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Blankenberg
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - D Westermann
- University Heart Center Hamburg, Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Hamburg, Germany
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14
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Schmiedeke E, Schaefer S, Aminoff D, Schwarzer N, Jenetzky E. Non-financial conflicts of interest: contribution to a surgical dilemma by the European Reference Networks for Rare Diseases. Pediatr Surg Int 2019; 35:999-1004. [PMID: 31278479 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-019-04516-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Conflicts of interest can impede both research and medical treatment. The European Reference Networks require their members to deal with financial and non-financial conflicts according to an explicit protocol. In a literature review, we identified relevant interests in paediatric surgery, and drafted such a policy. METHODS We conducted a Pubmed query and identified additional publications based on the content of the papers. RESULTS 58 titles were identified. According to their abstracts, 10 publications were studied in full text. A scientific taxonomy does not yet exist, but a variety of factors are mentioned. Non-financial conflicts of interest are addressed less accurately and less frequently than financial ones, especially regarding surgical treatment. Since the clinical effect of surgical volume was identified as being relevant, additional 29 respective publications were analysed. This volume-quality relationship causes conflicts of interest for the many surgeons treating a broad spectrum of rare conditions. We present a recommendation that may guide referral of patients requiring complex surgery to centres with a higher volume. CONCLUSIONS Non-financial conflicts of interest need to be dealt with more accuracy, especially with regard to surgery in rare, complex congenital conditions. The European Reference Networks offer a framework to mitigate these conflicts.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Schmiedeke
- Clinic for Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, Klinikum Bremen Mitte, eUROGEN-ERN, 28177, Bremen, Germany.
| | | | - D Aminoff
- ePAG eUROGEN-ERN, AIMAR Patient Organisation, Rome, Italy
| | - N Schwarzer
- ePAG ERNICA-ERN, SoMA Patient Organisation, Munich, Germany
| | - E Jenetzky
- SoMA Patient Organisation, Munich, Germany.,Department of Child- and Adolescent- Psychiatry and -Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.,Director of the German CURE-Net and the European ARM-Net-Registries, Mainz, Germany
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15
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Walter C, Hengge C, Lindauer B, Schaefer S. DECLINES IN MOTOR TRANSFER FOLLOWING UPPER EXTREMITY TASK-SPECIFIC TRAINING IN OLDER ADULTS. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy031.3399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Walter
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
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16
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Schaefer S, Altay A, Waldeyer C, Appelbaum S, Ojeda F, Schnabel R, Ruhe J, Lackner K, Blankenberg S, Zeller T, Karakas M. P658Intrinsic iron release is associated with lower mortality in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx501.p658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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Schaefer S, Viswanathan S, Widjaja A, Hubner N, Moreno-Moral A, Soon JL, Chao VT, Chakaramakkil MJ, Sin KY, Cook SA. 2885Integrated target discovery screens identify a novel therapeutic target for cardiovascular fibrosis. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx494.2885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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18
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Sadeghi B, Kaiser LL, Schaefer S, Tseregounis IE, Martinez L, Gomez-Camacho R, de la Torre A. Multifaceted community-based intervention reduces rate of BMI growth in obese Mexican-origin boys. Pediatr Obes 2017; 12:247-256. [PMID: 27071684 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Latino children and youth have some of the highest rates of overweight and obesity. Early intervention is important to prevent future obesity and illness in this population. METHODS A 3-year, multifaceted intervention was designed to reduce the rate of growth of body mass index (BMI) among Mexican-origin children. Two communities in California's agricultural Central Valley were targeted for intervention and comparison. To assess impact, anthropometric measures of participating children (N = 422) were collected and analysed at baseline and after 1 year of intervention. RESULTS After 1 year of intervention, triceps skin-fold thickness in girls showed a significant decrease in unadjusted analysis between children in the two communities. In multivariate analysis, a reduction in BMI growth was seen among obese boys in the intervention community (ß-coefficient = -1.94, P = 0.05). Obese boys in the intervention community also had a smaller increase in waist circumference (ß-coefficient = -5.2, P = 0.04) than the comparison community. CONCLUSIONS These early findings indicate the intervention's effectiveness for preventing BMI growth among obese boys. Longitudinal follow-up is needed to determine the sustainability of results and whether similar results extend to obese girls and overweight boys or girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Sadeghi
- UC Davis Department of Internal Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - L L Kaiser
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - S Schaefer
- Foods for Health Institute, Food Science & Technology Department, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - I E Tseregounis
- Center for Transnational Health, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - L Martinez
- Center for Transnational Health, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - R Gomez-Camacho
- Center for Transnational Health, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - A de la Torre
- Center for Transnational Health, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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19
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Ioannou P, Burki U, Greally E, Laval S, Schaefer S, Straub V. NHE1 inhibition as a potential therapy to attenuate DMD pathology. Neuromuscul Disord 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-8966(17)30250-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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Schaefer S, Felix EM, Muench F, Antoni M, Lohaus C, Brötz J, Kunz U, Gärtner I, Ensinger W. NiCo nanotubes plated on Pd seeds as a designed magnetically recollectable catalyst with high noble metal utilisation. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra10235b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The tailored structure of a bifunctional, semi-homogeneous NiCo-nanotube catalyst system with embedded Pd nanoparticles, is synthesised by electroless plating.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Schaefer
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- Department of Materials Science
- 64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - E.-M. Felix
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- Department of Materials Science
- 64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - F. Muench
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- Department of Materials Science
- 64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - M. Antoni
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- Department of Materials Science
- 64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - C. Lohaus
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- Department of Materials Science
- 64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - J. Brötz
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- Department of Materials Science
- 64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - U. Kunz
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- Department of Materials Science
- 64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - I. Gärtner
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- MPA/IfW Darmstadt
- 64283 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - W. Ensinger
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- Department of Materials Science
- 64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
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21
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Luiz T, Scherer G, Wickenkamp A, Blaschke F, Hoffmann W, Schiffer M, Zimmer J, Schaefer S, Voigt C. [Prehospital analgesia by paramedics in Rhineland-Palatinate : Feasability, analgesic effectiveness and safety of intravenous paracetamol]. Anaesthesist 2015; 64:927-936. [PMID: 26497656 DOI: 10.1007/s00101-015-0089-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In contrast to the widespread practice in life-threatening emergencies, delegation of medical pain therapy to paramedics by the medical director of Emergency Medical Services, EMS, are still the exception in Germany. This is due to the fact that in non-life-threatening situations, the expected benefit and potential side effects of drug therapy have to be carefully weighed. In addition, in Germany federal law generally restricts the administration of opiates to physicians. METHODS In 2011 the medical directors of EMS in the German state of Rhineland- Palatinate (4 million inhabitants) developed and implemented a standard operating procedure (SOP) for paramedics related to the prehospital parenteral administration of paracetamol for patients with isolated limb trauma. After a 2 h training session and examination, paramedics were authorized to administer 1 g of paracetamol to patients with a pain score > 5 points on an 11-point numerical rating scale (NRS). For purposes of quality management, every administration of paracetamol had to be prospectively documented on a specific electronic mission form. RESULTS A total of 416 mission forms could be analyzed. After administration of paracetamol the median NRS score decreased from 8 points (interquartile range: 6; 8) to 4 points (interquartile range: 3; 7). In 51.2 % of the patients the pain intensity was reduced by at least 3 NRS points and in 50.5 % of the patients the NRS was less than 5 points after treatment. The extent of pain reduction was positively correlated with the initial NRS value (r = 0.31, p < 0.0001). No serious side effects were noted. The percentage of patients with an initial heart rate > 100/min declined from 14.6 % to 5.2 % after the administration of paracetamol (p < 0.0001), 18.7 % of the patients received paracetamol for trauma not related to the extremities and 7 % of the patients for nontraumatic pain. An emergency physician was involved in 50 % of the EMS missions and 98.6 % of the patients were transported to a hospital for further diagnostics and treatment. CONCLUSION The prehospital intravenous administration of paracetamol by paramedics to patients with limb trauma is simple, safe and in 50 % of the patients effective in achieving a NRS value < 5; however, further improvements in prehospital pain therapy initiated by paramedics are desirable, especially in patients with an initial NRS value > 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Luiz
- Deutsches Zentrum für Notfallmedizin & Informationstechnologie, Fraunhofer IESE, Fraunhofer-Platz 1, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Deutschland. .,Klinik für Anästhesie, Intensiv- und Notfallmedizin 1, Westpfalz-Klinikum GmbH, Kaiserslautern, Deutschland.
| | - G Scherer
- Rettungsdienstbereiche Rheinhessen & Bad Kreuznach, Ingelheim am Rhein, Deutschland
| | - A Wickenkamp
- Deutsches Zentrum für Notfallmedizin & Informationstechnologie, Fraunhofer IESE, Fraunhofer-Platz 1, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Deutschland
| | - F Blaschke
- Rettungsdienstbereiche Ludwigshafen & Südpfalz, Ludwigshafen, Deutschland
| | - W Hoffmann
- Rettungsdienstbereich Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Deutschland
| | - M Schiffer
- Rettungsdienstbereich Trier, Trier, Deutschland
| | - J Zimmer
- Rettungsdienstbereich Trier, Trier, Deutschland
| | - S Schaefer
- Rettungsdienstbereiche Koblenz & Montabaur, Koblenz, Deutschland
| | - C Voigt
- Rettungsdienstbereiche Koblenz & Montabaur, Koblenz, Deutschland
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22
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Weiss A, Gernert K, Schaefer S, Maegel L, Jonigk D, Ghofrani A, Weissmann N, Grimminger F, Seeger W, Schermuly R. MicroRNA-9 is a regulator of PDGFRβ expression in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Pneumologie 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1556634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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23
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Martel-Laferrière V, Michel A, Schaefer S, Bindal S, Bichoupan K, Branch AD, Huprikar S, Schiano TD, Perumalswami PV. Clinical characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus patients being referred for liver transplant evaluation: a descriptive cohort study. Transpl Infect Dis 2015; 17:527-35. [PMID: 25929731 DOI: 10.1111/tid.12395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver transplantation (LT) is a treatment option for select human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with advanced liver disease. The aim of this study was to describe LT evaluation outcomes in HIV-infected patients. METHODS All HIV-infected patients referred for their first LT evaluation at the Mount Sinai Medical Center were included in this retrospective, descriptive cohort study. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors independently associated with listing. RESULTS Between February 2000 and April 2012, 366 patients were evaluated for LT, with 66 (18.0%) listed for LT and 300 (82.0%) not listed. Fifty-one patients (13.9%) died before completing evaluation and 85 (23.2%) were too early for listing. Reasons patients were declined for listing were psychosocial (15.8%), HIV-related (10.4%), loss to follow-up (9.6%), surgical/medical (6.0%), liver-related (4.4%), patient choice (3.4%), and financial (1.6%). Listed patients were more likely to have hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (43.1% vs. 17.1%; P < 0.0001) and less likely to have hepatitis B (6.2% vs. 15.7%; P = 0.04) or a psychiatric history (19.7% vs. 35.2%; P = 0.02) than those not listed. In multivariable analysis, HCC (odds ratio [OR] 5.79; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 2.97-11.28), model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score at referral (OR 1.06; 95% CI 1.01-1.11), and hepatitis B (OR 0.26; 95% CI 0.08-0.79) were associated with listing. CONCLUSION MELD score and HCC were positive predictors of listing in HIV-infected patients referred for LT evaluation and, therefore, timely referrals are vital in these patients. As MELD is a predictor for death while undergoing evaluation, rapid evaluation should be performed in HIV-infected patients with a higher MELD score.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Martel-Laferrière
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - A Michel
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - S Schaefer
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - S Bindal
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - K Bichoupan
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - A D Branch
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - S Huprikar
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - T D Schiano
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - P V Perumalswami
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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24
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Myrdal Miller A, Mills K, Wong T, Drescher G, Lee S, Sirimuangmoon C, Schaefer S, Langstaff S, Minor B, Guinard JX. Flavor-Enhancing Properties of Mushrooms in Meat-Based Dishes in Which Sodium Has Been Reduced and Meat Has Been Partially Substituted with Mushrooms. J Food Sci 2014; 79:S1795-804. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - K. Mills
- The Culinary Inst. of America at Greystone; St. Helena CA USA
| | - T. Wong
- The Culinary Inst. of America at Greystone; St. Helena CA USA
| | - G. Drescher
- The Culinary Inst. of America at Greystone; St. Helena CA USA
| | - S.M. Lee
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology; Univ. of California; Davis CA USA
| | - C. Sirimuangmoon
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology; Univ. of California; Davis CA USA
| | - S. Schaefer
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology; Univ. of California; Davis CA USA
| | | | - B. Minor
- The Culinary Inst. of America at Greystone; St. Helena CA USA
- Mushroom Council; San José CA USA
| | - J.-X Guinard
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology; Univ. of California; Davis CA USA
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25
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Pathak P, Holden S, Schaefer S, Leverson G, Chen H, Sippel R. PTH Elevation After Curative Parathyroidectomy Delays Symptom Improvement. J Surg Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.11.422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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26
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Arndt AK, Schaefer S, Siebert R, Cook SA, Berger F, Kramer HH, MacRae CA, Klaassen S. Identification of PRDM 16 as a Novel Gene for Cardiomyopathy and a Possible Therapeutic Target for Heart Failure. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1354457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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27
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Thomas S, Rai J, John L, Schaefer S, Pützer BM, Herchenröder O. Chikungunya virus capsid protein contains nuclear import and export signals. Virol J 2013; 10:269. [PMID: 23984714 PMCID: PMC3765696 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-10-269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus of the Togaviridae family. After autoproteolytic cleavage, the CHIKV capsid protein (CP) is involved in RNA binding and assembly of the viral particle. The monomeric CP is approximately 30 kDa in size and is small enough for passive transport through nuclear pores. Some alphaviruses are found to harbor nuclear localization signals (NLS) and transport of these proteins between cellular compartments was shown to be energy dependent. The active nuclear import of cytoplasmic proteins is mediated by karyopherins and their export by exportins. As nuclear and cytoplasmic trafficking may play a role in the life cycle of CHIKV, we have sought to identify nuclear localization and nuclear export signals in CHIKV CP in a virus-free system. METHODS EGFP-fusion proteins of CHIKV CP and mutants thereof were created and used to monitor their intracellular localization. Binding of cellular proteins was confirmed in pull-down assays with purified CP using co-immuoprecipitation. Nuclear localization was demonstrated in a virus-free system using fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS Here we show that CHIKV CP is a nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling protein with an active NLS that binds to karyopherin α (Karα) for its nuclear translocation. We also found that the Karα4 C-terminal NLS binding site is sufficient for this interaction. We further demonstrate that CHIKV CP interacts directly with the export receptor CRM1 to transport this viral protein out of the nucleus via a nuclear export signal (NES). The CHIKV CP NES was mapped between amino acids 143 and 155 of CP. Deduced from in silico analyses we found that the NES has a mode of binding similar to the snurportin-1 CRM1 complex. CONCLUSIONS We were able to show that in a virus-free system that the CHIKV capsid protein contains both, a NLS and a NES, and that it is actively transported between the cytoplasma and the nucleus. We conclude that CHIKV CP has the ability to shuttle via interaction with karyopherins for its nuclear import and, vice versa, by CRM1-dependent nuclear export.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saijo Thomas
- Institute of Experimental Gene Therapy and Cancer Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 69, 18057, Rostock, Germany.
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28
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Wege AK, Schardt K, Schaefer S, Kroemer A, Brockhoff G, Jung EM. High resolution ultrasound including elastography and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for early detection and characterization of liver lesions in the humanized tumor mouse model. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2013; 52:93-106. [PMID: 22975935 DOI: 10.3233/ch-2012-1587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study we investigated the sensitivity of high resolution ultrasound (HRU) in the detection of small liver tumors and its microcirculation in a humanized tumor mouse model (HTM). These mice develop a complete human immune system and human breast cancer growth in the liver which allows the investigation of antibody based immunotherapies under human like conditions. METHOD HTM were generated by the co-transplantation of human breast cancer cells and human hematopoietic stem cells. HRU, Doppler sonography (CCDS), contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and color-coded elastography were performed on all HTM and confirmed by histopathological assessment. RESULTS Using HRU and CEUS, noncystic solid liver lesions between 2 and 11 mm (mean 3.5 mm) size were detectable in HTM. Granulomatous areas were identified by B-scan imaging, showing areas of higher stiffness in elastography and areas without contrast media uptake in the late phase (CEUS). In addition, CEUS detected capillary microcirculation of benign and malignant liver lesions smaller than 10 mm. CONCLUSION Beyond human breast cancer HTM additionally developed small parenchymal liver lesions, which could be characterized by HRU in combination with CEUS and elastography in-vivo. Nevertheless, the defined diagnoses of solid liver lesions less than 5 mm require confirmation by histopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Wege
- Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Caritas Hospital St. Josef, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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29
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Kukuk GM, Schaefer S, Fimmers R, Schild HH, Willinek WA. T1-gewichtete MRT nach Gd-EOB-DTPA (Primovist®) als Biomarker für die hepatozelluläre Funktion bei Patienten mit fokalen und diffusen Lebererkrankungen. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1346401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Scherr RE, Linnell J, Smith M, Nicholson Y, Spezzano T, Bergman J, Brian K, Briggs M, Feenstra G, Hillhouse C, Keen CL, Nguyen L, Ontai L, Schaefer S, Steinberg F, Sutter C, Wright J, Young H, Zidenberg‐Cherr S. The Shaping Healthy Choices Program: A Multi‐Component, School‐Based Approach to Improve Children's Nutrition and Health Behaviors While Supporting Regional Agriculture. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.623.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E Scherr
- NutritionUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA
- Betty Irene Moore School of NursingUniversity of California DavisSacramentoCA
| | - J Linnell
- NutritionUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA
- Betty Irene Moore School of NursingUniversity of California DavisSacramentoCA
| | - M Smith
- Center for Nutrition in SchoolsUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA
- Population Health and ReproductionUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA
| | | | | | - J Bergman
- NutritionUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA
- Betty Irene Moore School of NursingUniversity of California DavisSacramentoCA
| | - K Brian
- UCCE Sacramento CountyUC ANRSacramentoCA
| | - M Briggs
- NutritionUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA
- Betty Irene Moore School of NursingUniversity of California DavisSacramentoCA
| | - G Feenstra
- Agricultural Sustainability InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA
| | - C Hillhouse
- Agricultural Sustainability InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA
| | - C L Keen
- NutritionUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA
| | - L Nguyen
- NutritionUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA
- Betty Irene Moore School of NursingUniversity of California DavisSacramentoCA
| | - L Ontai
- Human EcologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA
| | - S Schaefer
- Foods For Health InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA
| | | | - C Sutter
- Human EcologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA
| | - J Wright
- Plant SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA
| | - H Young
- Betty Irene Moore School of NursingUniversity of California DavisSacramentoCA
| | - S Zidenberg‐Cherr
- NutritionUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA
- Betty Irene Moore School of NursingUniversity of California DavisSacramentoCA
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Scherr RE, Linnell J, Nicholson Y, Spezzano T, Bergman J, Brian K, Briggs M, Cherr SE, Ermakov I, Feenstra G, Gellermann W, Hillhouse C, Nguyen L, Ontai L, Schaefer S, Smith M, Sutter C, Wright J, Zidenberg‐Cherr S. Assessment of Nutrition and Physical Activity in Children Participating in the Shaping Healthy Choices Program. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.624.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - K Brian
- UCCE Sacramento CountyUC ANRSacCA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - L Ontai
- Human EcologyUC DavisDavisCA
| | | | - M Smith
- Human EcologyUC DavisDavisCA
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Murray S, Pathak P, Schaefer S, Schneider D, Chen H, Sippel R. Modern-Day Presentation of Primary Hyperparathyroidism. J Surg Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.10.819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
Haemochromatosis may impair the function of endocrine organs, amongst others the pituitary gland. It was the aim of this study to determine pituitary function in adult patients with genetically defined hereditary haemochromatosis in a prospective diagnostic study using a standardised stimulation test. Therefore, 22 patients (7 females, 15 males; age at diagnosis of haemochromatosis 48.1 ± 7.9 years; age at study inclusion 50.7 ± 7.7 years) with genetically defined hereditary haemochromatosis were investigated by a combined pituitary stimulation test (CRH, GHRH/arginine, GnRH, TRH). In 11 patients (50% of the study population; 2 females, 9 males), pituitary insufficiencies were detected [isolated corticotrophic insufficiency (peak cortisol < 181.25 μg/l/500 nmol/l) n=10 (2 females, 8 males); combined corticotrophic and borderline gonadotrophic insufficiency (basal testosterone 2.4-3.0 μg/l without basal LH-elevation) in 1 male]. Somatotrophic pituitary insufficiencies were not found. IFG-1 concentrations below -2 standard deviations in 7 patients (32%) may be attributed to impaired hepatic IGF-1 synthesis. Hypopituitarism, particularly corticotrophic insufficiency, seems to be prevalent in a considerable number of middle-aged patients with hereditary haemochromatosis. Despite normal somatotrophic function, low IGF-1 serum concentrations may be found in a subgroup of haemochromatosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Uitz
- Division of Endocrinology & Diabetology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Philipp's University, Marburg, Germany
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Totzeck M, Hendgen-Cotta U, Rammos C, Petrescu A, Stock P, Goedecke A, Shiva S, Kelm M, Rassaf T, Duerr GD, Heuft T, Klaas T, Suchan G, Roell W, Zimmer A, Welz A, Fleischmann BK, Dewald O, Luedde M, Carter N, Lutz M, Sosna J, Jacoby C, Floegel U, Hippe HJ, Adam D, Heikenwaelder M, Frey N, Sobierajski J, Luedicke P, Hendgen-Cotta U, Lue H, Totzeck M, Dewor M, Kelm M, Bernhagen J, Rassaf T, Cortez-Dias N, Costa M, Carrilho-Ferreira P, Silva D, Jorge C, Robalo Martins S, Fiuza M, Pinto FJ, Nunes Diogo A, Enguita FJ, Tsiachris D, Tsioufis C, Kasiakogias A, Flessas D, Antonakis V, Kintis K, Giakoumis M, Hatzigiannis P, Katsimichas T, Stefanadis C, Andrikou E, Tsioufis C, Thomopoulos C, Kasiakogias A, Tzamou V, Andrikou I, Bafakis I, Lioni L, Kintis K, Stefanadis C, Lazaros G, Tsiachris D, Tsioufis C, Vlachopoulos C, Brili S, Chrysohoou C, Tousoulis D, Stefanadis C, Santos De Sousa CI, Pires S, Nunes A, Cortez Dias N, Belo A, Cabrita I, Pinto FJ, Benova T, Radosinska J, Viczenczova C, Bacova B, Knezl V, Dosenko V, Navarova J, Zeman M, Tribulova N, Maceira Gonzalez AM, Cosin Sales J, Igual B, Ruvira J, Diago JL, Aguilar J, Lopez Lereu MP, Monmeneu JV, Estornell J, Choi JC, Cha KS, Lee HW, Yun EY, Ahn JH, Oh JH, Choi JH, Lee HC, Hong TJ, Manzano Fernandez S, Lopez-Cuenca A, Januzzi JL, Mateo-Martinez A, Sanchez-Martinez M, Parra-Pallares S, Orenes-Pinero E, Romero-Aniorte AI, Valdes-Chavarri M, Marin F, Bouzas Mosquera A, Peteiro J, Broullon FJ, Alvarez Garcia N, Couto Mallon D, Bouzas Zubeldia B, Martinez Ruiz D, Yanez Wonenburger JC, Fabregas Casal R, Castro Beiras A, Backus BE, Six AJ, Cullen L, Greenslade J, Than M, Kameyama T, Sato T, Noto T, Nakadate T, Ueno H, Yamada K, Inoue H, Albrecht-Kuepper B, Kretschmer A, Kast R, Baerfacker L, Schaefer S, Kolkhof P, Andersson C, Kober L, Christensen SB, Nguyen CD, Nielsen MB, Olsen AMS, Gislason GH, Torp-Pedersen C, Shigekiyo M, Harada K, Lieu H, Neutel J, Maddock S, Goldsmith S, Koren M, Antwerp BV, Burnett J, Christensen SB, Charlot MG, Madsen M, Andersson C, Kober L, Gustafsson F, Torp-Pedersen C, Gislason GH, Cavusoglu Y, Mert KU, Nadir A, Mutlu F, Gencer E, Ulus T, Birdane A, Lim HS, Tahk SJ, Yang HM, Kim JW, Seo KW, Choi BJ, Choi SY, Yoon MH, Hwang GS, Shin JH, Russ MA, Wackerl C, Hochadel M, Brachmann J, Mudra H, Zeymer U, Weber MA, Menozzi A, Saia F, Valgimigli M, Belotti LM, Casella G, Manari A, Cremonesi A, Piovaccari G, Guastaroba P, Marzocchi A, Kuramitsu S, Iwabuchi M, Haraguchi T, Domei T, Nagae A, Hyodo M, Takabatake Y, Yokoi H, Toyota F, Nobuyoshi M, Kaitani K, Hanazawa K, Izumi C, Nakagawa Y, Ando K, Arita T, Nobuyoshi M, Shizuta S, Kimura T, Isshiuki T, Trucco ME, Tolosana JM, Castel MA, Borras R, Sitges M, Khatib M, Arbelo E, Berruezo A, Brugada J, Mont L, Romanov A, Pokushalov E, Prokhorova D, Chernyavskiy A, Shabanov V, Goscinska-Bis K, Bis J, Bochenek A, Gersak B, Karaskov A, Linde C, Daubert C, Bergemann TL, Abraham WT, Gold MR, Van Boven N, Bogaard K, Ruiter JH, Kimman GP, Kardys I, Umans VA, Cipriani M, Lunati M, Landolina M, Vittori C, Vargiu S, Ghio S, Petracci B, Campo C, Bisetti S, Frigerio M, Bongiorni MG, Soldati E, Segreti L, Zucchelli G, Di Cori A, De Lucia R, Viani S, Paperini L, Boem A, Levorato D, Kutarski A, Malecka B, Zabek A, Czajkowski M, Chudzik M, Kutarski A, Mitkowski P, Maciag A, Kempa M, Golzio PG, Fanelli A, Vinci M, Pelissero E, Morello M, Grosso Marra W, Gaita F, Kutarski A, Czajkowski M, Pietura R, Golzio PG, Vinci M, Pelissero E, Fanelli A, Ferraris F, Gaita F, Cuypers JAAE, Menting ME, Opic P, Utens EMWJ, Van Domburg RT, Helbing WA, Witsenburg M, Van Den Bosch AE, Bogers AJJC, Roos-Hesselink JW, Van Der Linde D, Takkenberg JJM, Rizopoulos D, Heuvelman HJ, Witsenburg M, Budts W, Van Dijk APJ, Bogers AJJC, Oechslin EN, Roos-Hesselink JW, Diller GP, Kempny A, Liodakis E, Alonso-Gonzalez R, Orwat S, Dimopoulos K, Swan L, Li W, Gatzoulis MA, Baumgartner H, Andrade AC, Voges I, Jerosch-Herold M, Pham M, Hart C, Hansen T, Kramer HH, Rickers C, Kempny A, Wustmann K, Borgia F, Dimopoulos K, Uebing A, Piorkowski A, Yacoub MH, Gatzoulis MA, Swan L, Diller GP, Mueller J, Weber R, Pringsheim M, Hoerer J, Hess J, Hager A, Hu K, Liu D, Niemann M, Herrmann S, Cikes M, Stoerk S, Knob S, Ertl G, Bijnens B, Weidemann F, Mornos C, Cozma D, Dragulescu D, Ionac A, Mornos A, Petrescu L, Mingo S, Ruiz Bautista L, Monivas Palomero V, Prados C, Maiz L, Giron R, Martinez M, Cavero Gibanel MA, Segovia J, Pulpon L, Kato H, Kubota S, Takasawa Y, Kumamoto T, Iacoviello M, Puzzovivo A, Forleo C, Lattarulo MS, Monitillo F, Antoncecchi V, Malerba G, Marangelli V, Favale S, Ruiz Bautista L, Mingo S, Monivas V, Segovia J, Prados C, Maiz L, Giron R, Martinez MT, Gonzalez Estecha M, Alonso Pulpon LA, Ren B, De Groot-De Laat L, Mcghie J, Vletter W, Ten Cate F, Geleijnse M, Looi JL, Lam YY, Yu CM, Lee PW, Apor A, Sax B, Huttl T, Nagy A, Kovacs A, Merkely B, Vecera J, Bartunek J, Vanderheyden M, Mertens P, Bodea O, Penicka M, Biaggi P, Gaemperli O, Corti R, Gruenenfelder J, Felix C, Bettex D, Datta S, Jenni R, Tanner F, Herzog B, Fattouch K, Murana G, Castrovinci S, Sampognaro R, Bertolino EC, Caccamo G, Ruvolo G, Speziale G, Lancellotti P. Saturday, 25 August 2012. Eur Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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John L, Thomas S, Herchenröder O, Pützer BM, Schaefer S. Hepatitis E virus ORF2 protein activates the pro-apoptotic gene CHOP and anti-apoptotic heat shock proteins. PLoS One 2011; 6:e25378. [PMID: 21966512 PMCID: PMC3179511 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2011] [Accepted: 09/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a non-enveloped plus-strand RNA virus that causes acute hepatitis. The capsid protein open reading frame 2 (ORF2) is known to induce endoplasmic reticulum stress in ORF2 expressing cells. Methodology/Principal Findings In this study we found that HEV ORF2 activates the expression of the pro-apoptotic gene C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). ORF2 stimulates the CHOP promoter mainly through AARE (amino acid response elements) and to a minor extent the ERSE (endoplasmic reticulum stress response elements). Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) protein binds and activates the AARE regulatory sites of the CHOP promoter. ORF2 expression also leads to increased phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α) that in turn initiates the translation of ATF4 mRNA. The pro-apoptotic gene CHOP is an important trigger to initiate endoplasmic reticulum stress induced apoptosis. However, the activation of CHOP by ORF2 in this study did not induce apoptosis, nor did BCL2-associated X protein (Bax) translocate to mitochondria. Microarray analysis revealed an ORF2 specific increased expression of chaperones Hsp72, Hsp70B', and co-chaperone Hsp40. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and in silico molecular docking analysis suggests that HEV ORF2 interacts with Hsp72. In addition, Hsp72 shows nuclear accumulation in ORF2 expressing cells. Conclusions/Significance These data provide new insight into simultaneously occurring counter-acting effects of HEV ORF2 that may be part of a strategy to prevent host suicide before completion of the viral replication cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijo John
- Department of Vectorology and Experimental Gene Therapy, Biomedical Research Center, University of Rostock Medical School, Rostock, Germany
| | - Saijo Thomas
- Department of Vectorology and Experimental Gene Therapy, Biomedical Research Center, University of Rostock Medical School, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ottmar Herchenröder
- Department of Vectorology and Experimental Gene Therapy, Biomedical Research Center, University of Rostock Medical School, Rostock, Germany
| | - Brigitte M. Pützer
- Department of Vectorology and Experimental Gene Therapy, Biomedical Research Center, University of Rostock Medical School, Rostock, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Stephan Schaefer
- Department of Vectorology and Experimental Gene Therapy, Biomedical Research Center, University of Rostock Medical School, Rostock, Germany
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Wang Q, So A, Nussberger J, Schaefer S, Burnier M. IMPACT OF NALP3 INFLAMMASOME ON BLOOD PRESSURE, RENIN AND RENAL AND CARDIAC HYPERTROPHY IN 2K1C AND DOCA/SALT MICE. J Hypertens 2011. [DOI: 10.1097/00004872-201106001-00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Amini-Bavil-Olyaee S, Pourkarim MR, Schaefer S, Mahboudi F, Van Ranst M, Adeli A, Trautwein C, Tacke F. Single-step real-time PCR to quantify hepatitis B virus and distinguish genotype D from non-D genotypes. J Viral Hepat 2011; 18:300-4. [PMID: 20367802 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2010.01308.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) viral load and its genotype play important roles in clinical outcome, management of disease and response to antiviral therapy. In many parts of the world such as Europe or the Middle East, distinguishing HBV genotype D from non-D is most relevant for treatment decisions, because genotype D-infected patients respond poorly to interferon-based therapeutic regimens. Here, we developed an in-house real-time PCR to concordantly assess HBV genotype (D vs non-D) based on melt curve analysis and quantify the viral load. Genotype distinction was established with control plasmids of all HBV genotypes and validated with 57 clinical samples from patients infected with six different HBV genotypes. Our in-house real-time PCR assay could discriminate HBV genotype D from non-D using single-step melt curve analysis with a 2 °C difference in the melt curve temperature in all samples tested. Viral load quantification was calibrated with the WHO HBV international standard, demonstrating an excellent correlation with a commercial kit (r = 0.852; P < 0.0001) in a linear range from 3.2 × 10(2) to 3.2 × 10(10) IU/mL. In conclusion, we developed a rapid, simple and cost-effective method to simultaneously quantify and distinguish HBV genotypes D from non-D with a single-step PCR run and melt curve analysis. This assay should be a useful diagnostic alternative to aid clinical decisions about initiation and choice of antiviral therapy, especially in geographical regions with a high prevalence of HBV genotype D.
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Schaefer B, Goldwasser R, Schaefer S, Heckert KH, Schaefer F, Schmitt CP. Kombinierte versus sequentielle Hämodialyse und Plasmapherese Behandlung bei Kindern. Klin Padiatr 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1273849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Huypens P, Pillai R, Sheinin T, Schaefer S, Huang M, Odegaard ML, Ronnebaum SM, Wettig SD, Joseph JW. The dicarboxylate carrier plays a role in mitochondrial malate transport and in the regulation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from rat pancreatic beta cells. Diabetologia 2011; 54:135-45. [PMID: 20949348 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-010-1923-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 08/27/2010] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We have previously described a strong correlation between pyruvate cycling and insulin secretion. We have also demonstrated a particularly important role for a pyruvate-isocitrate cycling pathway involving the mitochondrial citrate/isocitrate carrier (CIC) and cytosolic NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase. CIC requires cytosolic malate as a counter-substrate during citrate and isocitrate export. Thus, considering that the mitochondrial dicarboxylate carrier (DIC) provides an important source of cytosolic malate, we investigated the potential role of DIC in control of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). METHODS We used pharmacological and small interfering RNA (siRNA) tools to assess the role of DIC in insulin release in clonal insulin-secreting 832/13 cells and isolated rat islets. RESULTS Butylmalonate, an inhibitor of malate transport, reduced cytosolic malate and citrate levels, and inhibited GSIS in a dose-dependent manner in 832/13 cells. Suppression of DIC expression resulted in inhibition of GSIS by 5% to 69%, the extent of inhibition of insulin secretion being proportional to the level of Dic (also known as Slc25a10) gene knockdown. The most effective siRNA duplex against Dic did not affect glucose utilisation, glucose oxidation or ATP/ADP ratio, but did suppress glucose-induced increments of the NADPH/NADP(+) ratio. Confirmation of our results in primary cultures of isolated rat islets showed that butylmalonate and an adenovirus expressing an siRNA against Dic-inhibited GSIS. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Malate transport by DIC may play an important role in GSIS, possibly by providing cytosolic malate as a counter-substrate for citrate and/or isocitrate export by CIC. These studies also suggest that malate transport by DIC is (1) a critical component of NADPH production mediated by pyruvate-cycling and (2) regulates GSIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Huypens
- University of Waterloo, Kitchener, ON, Canada
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Detsch R, Hagmeyer D, Neumann M, Schaefer S, Vortkamp A, Wuelling M, Ziegler G, Epple M. The resorption of nanocrystalline calcium phosphates by osteoclast-like cells. Acta Biomater 2010; 6:3223-33. [PMID: 20206720 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2010.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2009] [Revised: 02/24/2010] [Accepted: 03/01/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Nanocrystalline calcium phosphates containing carbonate have a high similarity to bone mineral. The reactions of bone cells (primary osteoblasts and osteoclast-like cells) on these materials as well as on sintered beta-tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite (HA) confirmed a good biocompatibility of the nanocrystalline samples. However, osteoclastic differentiation was constrained on the carbonate-rich samples, leading to a small number of osteoclast-like cells on the materials and few resorption pits. The grain size of the calcium phosphate ceramics (nano vs. micro) was less important than expected from to physico-chemical considerations. When comparing the nanocrystalline samples, the highest resorption rate was found for nano-HA with a low carbonate content, which strongly stimulated the differentiation of osteoclast-like cells on its surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Detsch
- BioCer EntwicklungsGmbH, Ludwig-Thoma-Str. 36c, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
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Schaefer S, Meyer S, Brueck CC, Weber M, Luedecke D, Wagner HJ, Kann PH. Sarcoidosis following Cushing's syndrome: A report of two cases and review of the literature. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2010; 118:147-50. [PMID: 20162506 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1087179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Cushing's syndrome is characterized by excessive elevation of glucocorticoid concentrations. In rare cases, the treatment of Cushing's syndrome may result in unmasking or aggravation of diseases responsive to glucocorticoid medication. We report two cases of sarcoidosis following Cushing's syndrome. A 43 year-old male developed cutaneous sarcoidosis and mediastinal lymphadenopathy after resection of an ACTH-secreting pituitary microadenoma. A 32 year-old female showed cutaneous sarcoidosis, arthralgia, mediastinal lymphadenopathy and elevation of angiotensin-converting enzyme and interleukin 2-receptor concentrations after traumatic adrenal bleeding, which ceased formerly undiagnosed hypercortisolism caused by an adrenal adenoma. Sarcoidosis seems to be a rare sequel following the treatment of hypercortisolism. Skin affections were present and suggestive for the diagnosis in all reported cases. As some cases are probably missed when skin affections are lacking, a more frequent evaluation of patients after Cushing's syndrome for the possible diagnosis of sarcoidosis might be necessary.
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Yin J, Zhang H, He Y, Xie J, Liu S, Chang W, Tan X, Gu C, Lu W, Wang H, Bi S, Cui F, Liang X, Schaefer S, Cao G. Distribution and hepatocellular carcinoma-related viral properties of hepatitis B virus genotypes in Mainland China: a community-based study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010; 19:777-86. [PMID: 20160279 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-09-1001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes, replication status, and mutations have been associated with the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our aim was to study the distribution and HCC-related viral properties of HBV genotypes/subgenotypes in Mainland China. METHODS A multistage cluster probability sampling method was applied to select 81,775 participants between 1 and 59 years at 160 national disease surveillance points. We examined hepatitis B surface antigen, HBV genotypes and subgenotypes, hepatitis B e antigen, viral load, and mutations in the PreS and core promoter regions of HBV genome. RESULTS HBV subgenotypes B2 (27.3%), C1 (10.7%), and C2 (58.0%) were predominant. Genotype D (D1, 80.8%) was frequent in the Uygur. We identified a new subgenotype, C9, mainly in Tibetans. Compositions of subgenotypes B2 and C1 and genotype mixture increased from the North to Central South, which was consistently associated with the increasing prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen. Hepatitis B e antigen positivity and viral loads were higher in the young with genotype B and declined more rapidly with increasing age than those with genotype C. In contrast to G1896A, PreS deletion, T31C, T1753V, and A1762T/G1764A were more frequent in subgenotype C2 than in subgenotype B2. A1762T/G1764A, T1753V, C1653T, and G1896A, except PreS deletion, consecutively increased with increasing age. CONCLUSION HBV subgenotypes B2, C1, and C2 are endemic in Mainland China. HBV genotype C exhibits less replication activity in the young and harbors higher frequencies of the HCC-associated mutations than genotype B. IMPACT These basic data could help evaluate the association of HBV variations with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Yin
- Department of Epidemiology, 3rd Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Schaefer S, Lindenberger U. 190 EXPERIENCED AND INEXPERIENCED HIGH-HEEL WALKERS ADOPT A MORE CONSERVATIVE GAIT PATTERN WHEN COGNITIVELY CHALLENGED. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(10)70191-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Erdogan A, Parahuleva M, Schaefer S, Guettler N, Neuhof C, Akcay B, Bilgin M, Mayer K, Reichenberger F, Schulz R. Prevalence of atrial fibrillation in obstructive sleep apnea. Somnologie 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11818-009-0444-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Meyer S, Schaefer S, Stolk L, Arp P, Uitterlinden AG, Plöckinger U, Stalla GK, Tuschy U, Weber MM, Weise A, Pfützner A, Kann PH. Association of the exon 3 deleted/full-length GHR polymorphism with recombinant growth hormone dose in growth hormone-deficient adults. Pharmacogenomics 2009; 10:1599-608. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs.09.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Contradictory reports exist regarding the influence of the exon 3 deleted (d3)/full-length (fl) growth hormone receptor (GHR) polymorphism on responsiveness to recombinant human growth-hormone therapy in idiopathic short stature, small for gestational age and GH-deficient children, Turner syndrome patients and GH-deficient adults. In some of these studies, the d3 allele was associated with increased responsiveness to GH. The aim of this study was to test this association in a group of GH-deficient adult patients receiving recombinant GH treatment. Materials & methods: Patients were derived from the prospective German Pfizer International Metabolic Study (KIMS) Pharmacogenetics Study. The GHRd3/fl polymorphism was determined in 133 German adult patients (66 men and 67 women; mean age: 45.4 years ± 13.1 standard deviation; majority Caucasian) with a GH-deficiency of different origin. Patients received GH treatment for 12 months with a finished dose-titration of GH and standardized insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 measurements in one central laboratory. GH dose after 1 year of treatment, IGF-1 serum concentrations, IGF-1 standard deviation score (SDS) values and anthropometric data were analyzed by GHRd3/fl genotypes. Results: After 1 year of GH treatment, the individually required GH dose was significantly lower in GH-deficient patients carrying one or two d3 alleles, compared with patients with the full-length receptor (p = 0.04). Genotype groups (d3-allele carriers vs noncarriers) showed no significant differences in IGF-1 serum concentrations (p = 0.51), IGF-1 SDS (p = 0.36) nor in gender (p = 0.53), age (p = 0.28), weight (p = 0.13), height (p = 0.53) or BMI (p = 0.15). Conclusion: The d3-allele carriers required approximately 25% less exogenous GH compared with the homozygous fl-allele carriers, which may express an increased responsiveness to exogenous GH. Variability of the individually required GH dose in adult GH-deficient patients may therefore be partly due to the GHRd3/fl polymorphism. Further studies are required to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Meyer
- Division of Endocrinology & Diabetology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg GmbH, Philipps-University Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35033 Marburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Schaefer
- University Hospital Giessen and Marburg GmbH, Philipps-University Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, Marburg, Germany
| | - Lisette Stolk
- Erasmus University Medical School, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pascal Arp
- Erasmus University Medical School, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ursula Plöckinger
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus-Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Günter K Stalla
- Max Planck Institute for Psychiatry, Clinic of Endocrinology, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Alexander Weise
- Institute for Clinical Research and Development (IKFE), Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Pfützner
- Institute for Clinical Research and Development (IKFE), Mainz, Germany
| | - Peter H Kann
- University Hospital Giessen and Marburg GmbH, Philipps-University Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, Marburg, Germany
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Schaefer S, Magnius L, Norder H. Under Construction: Classification of Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes and Subgenotypes. Intervirology 2009; 52:323-5. [DOI: 10.1159/000242353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Schaefer S, Magnius L, Norder H. Under construction: classification of hepatitis B virus genotypes and subgenotypes. Intervirology 2009. [PMID: 19786808 DOI: 10.1159/00024235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Schaefer
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Virologie und Hygiene, Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Rostock, DE-18057 Rostock, Germany.
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Patejdl R, Schaefer S, Wladimir T, May A, Benecke R, Zettl UK, Gunson R, Carman W, Nau R. Klinisch stumme HSV-1-Infektion des Liquor cerebrospinalis bei einer Patientin mit Multipler Sklerose. Akt Neurol 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1238624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Huang Q, Sacks PG, Mo J, McCormick SA, Iacob CE, Guo L, Schaefer S, Schantz SP. A simple method for fixation and microdissection of frozen fresh tissue sections for molecular cytogenetic analysis of cancers. Biotech Histochem 2009; 80:147-56. [PMID: 16298900 DOI: 10.1080/10520290500382806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Microdissection has been widely used for procuring DNA from specific microscopic regions of formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections. We have developed a method for fixation and microdissection of frozen fresh biopsy tissue sections. Five micrometer frozen fresh tissue sections were fixed with ethanol and stored at room temperature. Well defined regions from hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) stained or unstained sections were briefly steamed and microdissected using a needle. The dissected tissue was digested with proteinase K and DNA was isolated. Whole genome amplifications were obtained by degenerate oligonucleotide primed polymerase chain reaction (DOP-PCR) from these samples. The reliability of this technique was demonstrated by comparing conventional comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) with DOP-PCR-CGH. The advantages of this method are that frozen fresh sections can be fixed easily and stored for more than 4 years, it is easy to microdissect and pick-up very minute regions (0.1 mm(2)), and it is rapid; microdissection and purification can be accomplished within 3 h. Using DNA from microdissected sections, DOP-PCR-CGH revealed genetic abnormalities more accurately than conventional CGH. Although this novel method was demonstrated using DOP-PCR-CGH, we believe that it will be useful for other genetic analyses of specific small regions and cell populations. We also observed whether storage time, H & E staining and crude DNA extracts affected the quality of amplified DNA. DNA integrity was maintained for at least 49 months in ethanol fixed sections that were stored at room temperature, but DNA was gradually degraded after one month if the ethanol fixed sections had been H & E stained and stored. When crude DNA extracts from H & E stained sections were used, the size of the DOP-PCR product was reduced. Our study suggests that ethanol fixed tissue sections may be stored at room temperature for at least 4 years without DNA degradation, the H & E stains may not affect the quality of amplified DNA, but H & E or other components in the staining process may reduce the size of DOP-PCR product, which is critical for the quality of CGH hybridization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York Medical College, NY 10003, USA.
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Tanic N, Stanojevic B, Tanic N, Schaefer S, Niesters HGM, Bozic M, Dimitrijevic B. Concurrent quantitation of the A and D genotypes of hepatitis B virus. J Virol Methods 2009; 161:265-70. [PMID: 19591875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2008] [Revised: 06/11/2009] [Accepted: 06/29/2009] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health problem associated with severe liver disorders. Viral load and HBV genotype affect the clinical outcome, guide antiviral therapy and provide long term prognosis for HBV infected patients. Various types of detection and quantitation assays are currently in use with a different effectiveness. The aim of this study was to develop a method that would provide simultaneous identification and quantitation of genotypes A and D in a single-tube reaction. Sera from infected patients were analyzed by a TaqMan based real time PCR. Optimized reagents were used for HBV DNA quantitation while the genotypes A and D were quantified separately by our design of the assay. Multiplex real time PCR was achieved and was specific for HBV genotypes A and D within a single-tube reaction. Simulation of mixed virus populations was identified reproducibly in vitro. Quantitation of these individual genotypes was exceptionally reliable, so much so that the sum of individual genotypes was equal to the total viral load determined in a separate reaction. Therefore, a straightforward, conceptually simple and reliable approach to issues involving HBV genotypes A and D is submitted. Identity and exact titer of these genotypes in the Caucasian population can now be determined easily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Tanic
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research Sinisa Stanković, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
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