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Purdue MP, Dutta D, Machiela MJ, Gorman BR, Winter T, Okuhara D, Cleland S, Ferreiro-Iglesias A, Scheet P, Liu A, Wu C, Antwi SO, Larkin J, Zequi SC, Sun M, Hikino K, Hajiran A, Lawson KA, Cárcano F, Blanchet O, Shuch B, Nepple KG, Margue G, Sundi D, Diver WR, Folgueira MAAK, van Bokhoven A, Neffa F, Brown KM, Hofmann JN, Rhee J, Yeager M, Cole NR, Hicks BD, Manning MR, Hutchinson AA, Rothman N, Huang WY, Linehan WM, Lori A, Ferragu M, Zidane-Marinnes M, Serrano SV, Magnabosco WJ, Vilas A, Decia R, Carusso F, Graham LS, Anderson K, Bilen MA, Arciero C, Pellegrin I, Ricard S, Scelo G, Banks RE, Vasudev NS, Soomro N, Stewart GD, Adeyoju A, Bromage S, Hrouda D, Gibbons N, Patel P, Sullivan M, Protheroe A, Nugent FI, Fournier MJ, Zhang X, Martin LJ, Komisarenko M, Eisen T, Cunningham SA, Connolly DC, Uzzo RG, Zaridze D, Mukeria A, Holcatova I, Hornakova A, Foretova L, Janout V, Mates D, Jinga V, Rascu S, Mijuskovic M, Savic S, Milosavljevic S, Gaborieau V, Abedi-Ardekani B, McKay J, Johansson M, Phouthavongsy L, Hayman L, Li J, Lungu I, Bezerra SM, Souza AG, Sares CTG, Reis RB, Gallucci FP, Cordeiro MD, Pomerantz M, Lee GSM, Freedman ML, Jeong A, Greenberg SE, Sanchez A, Thompson RH, Sharma V, Thiel DD, Ball CT, Abreu D, Lam ET, Nahas WC, Master VA, Patel AV, Bernhard JC, Freedman ND, Bigot P, Reis RM, Colli LM, Finelli A, Manley BJ, Terao C, Choueiri TK, Carraro DM, Houlston R, Eckel-Passow JE, Abbosh PH, Ganna A, Brennan P, Gu J, Chanock SJ. Multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of kidney cancer identifies 63 susceptibility regions. Nat Genet 2024:10.1038/s41588-024-01725-7. [PMID: 38671320 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-024-01725-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Here, in a multi-ancestry genome-wide association study meta-analysis of kidney cancer (29,020 cases and 835,670 controls), we identified 63 susceptibility regions (50 novel) containing 108 independent risk loci. In analyses stratified by subtype, 52 regions (78 loci) were associated with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and 6 regions (7 loci) with papillary RCC. Notably, we report a variant common in African ancestry individuals ( rs7629500 ) in the 3' untranslated region of VHL, nearly tripling clear cell RCC risk (odds ratio 2.72, 95% confidence interval 2.23-3.30). In cis-expression quantitative trait locus analyses, 48 variants from 34 regions point toward 83 candidate genes. Enrichment of hypoxia-inducible factor-binding sites underscores the importance of hypoxia-related mechanisms in kidney cancer. Our results advance understanding of the genetic architecture of kidney cancer, provide clues for functional investigation and enable generation of a validated polygenic risk score with an estimated area under the curve of 0.65 (0.74 including risk factors) among European ancestry individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P Purdue
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.
| | - Diptavo Dutta
- Integrative Tumor Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Mitchell J Machiela
- Integrative Tumor Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | - Timothy Winter
- Laboratory of Genetic Susceptibility, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Paul Scheet
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Aoxing Liu
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Chao Wu
- Biosample Repository, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Samuel O Antwi
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - James Larkin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Stênio C Zequi
- Department of Urology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation INCIT-INOTE, São Paulo, Brazil
- Latin American Renal Cancer Group, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, São Paulo Federal University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maxine Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Keiko Hikino
- Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ali Hajiran
- Department of Urology, Division of Urologic Oncology, West Virginia University Cancer Institute, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Keith A Lawson
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Division of Urology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Flavio Cárcano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | | | - Brian Shuch
- Department of Urology, UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth G Nepple
- Department of Urology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Gaëlle Margue
- Department of Urology, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Debasish Sundi
- Department of Urology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - W Ryan Diver
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Maria A A K Folgueira
- Departments of Radiology and Oncology, Comprehensive Center for Precision Oncology-C2PO, Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adrie van Bokhoven
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Kevin M Brown
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jonathan N Hofmann
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jongeun Rhee
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Meredith Yeager
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Nathan R Cole
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Belynda D Hicks
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Michelle R Manning
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Amy A Hutchinson
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Wen-Yi Huang
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - W Marston Linehan
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Adriana Lori
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Sérgio V Serrano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Vilas
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Pasteur, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ricardo Decia
- Department of Urology, Hospital Pasteur, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | - Laura S Graham
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kyra Anderson
- Oncology Clinical Research Support Team, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Mehmet A Bilen
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Cletus Arciero
- Department of Surgery, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Solène Ricard
- Department of Urology, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Ghislaine Scelo
- Observational and Pragmatic Research Institute Pte Ltd, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rosamonde E Banks
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Naveen S Vasudev
- Department of Oncology, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Naeem Soomro
- Department of Urology, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, UK
| | - Grant D Stewart
- Department of Urology, Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adebanji Adeyoju
- Department of Urology, Stockport NHS Foundation Trust, Stockport, UK
| | - Stephen Bromage
- Department of Urology, Stockport NHS Foundation Trust, Stockport, UK
| | - David Hrouda
- Department of Urology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Norma Gibbons
- Department of Urology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Poulam Patel
- Division of Oncology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Mark Sullivan
- Department of Urology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew Protheroe
- Department of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Francesca I Nugent
- Department of Urology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Division of Urology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lisa J Martin
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Division of Urology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria Komisarenko
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Division of Urology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Timothy Eisen
- Department of Oncology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sonia A Cunningham
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Denise C Connolly
- Cancer Signaling and Microenvironment, Biosample Repository Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Robert G Uzzo
- Department of Urology, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Zaridze
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anush Mukeria
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivana Holcatova
- Institute of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Hornakova
- Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Foretova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Janout
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Mates
- Department of Occupational Health and Toxicology, National Center for Environmental Risk Monitoring, National Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Viorel Jinga
- Urology Department, Academy of Romanian Scientists, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Stefan Rascu
- Urology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mirjana Mijuskovic
- Clinic of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slavisa Savic
- Department of Urology, Clinical Hospital Center Dr Dragisa Misovic Dedinje, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sasa Milosavljevic
- International Organisation for Cancer Prevention and Research, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Valérie Gaborieau
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - James McKay
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Larry Phouthavongsy
- Ontario Tumour Bank, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lindsay Hayman
- Diagnostic Development Program, Tissue Portal, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jason Li
- Diagnostic Development Program, Tissue Portal, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ilinca Lungu
- Ontario Tumour Bank, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Diagnostic Development Program, Tissue Portal, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Aline G Souza
- Departments of Medical Imaging, Hematology and Oncology, Division of Medical Oncology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Claudia T G Sares
- Departments of Surgery and Anatomy, Division of Urology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo B Reis
- Departments of Surgery and Anatomy, Division of Urology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Fabio P Gallucci
- Surgery Department, Urology Division, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mauricio D Cordeiro
- Surgery Department, Urology Division, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Gwo-Shu M Lee
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew L Freedman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anhyo Jeong
- Department of Urology, UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Samantha E Greenberg
- Department of Population Sciences, Genetic Counseling Shared Resource, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Alejandro Sanchez
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Huntsman Cancer Institute and University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Vidit Sharma
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - David D Thiel
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Colleen T Ball
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Diego Abreu
- Department of Urology, Hospital Pasteur, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Elaine T Lam
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - William C Nahas
- Surgery Department, Urology Division, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Viraj A Master
- Department of Urology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alpa V Patel
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Neal D Freedman
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Pierre Bigot
- Department of Urology, CHU Angers, Angers, France
| | - Rui M Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Leandro M Colli
- Departament of Medical Image, Hematology and Oncology, Division of Medical Oncology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Antonio Finelli
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Division of Urology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brandon J Manley
- Genitourinary Oncology Program, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Chikashi Terao
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Toni K Choueiri
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dirce M Carraro
- Clinical and Functional Genomics Group, CIPE (International Research Center), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Richard Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
| | | | - Philip H Abbosh
- Department of Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrea Ganna
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Jian Gu
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Laboratory of Genetic Susceptibility, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.
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Beserra AO, Estevan EC, Bezerra SM, Torrezan GT, Ikegami A, Dellê H, Cunha IW, Meira IT, Carraro DM, Lara PN, Zequi SC, Martins VR, Santos TG. Patient-Derived Renal Cell Carcinoma Xenografts Capture Tumor Genetic Profiles and Aggressive Behaviors. KCA 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/kca-210011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) have emerged as one of the most promising model systems to study cancer biology and to develop new antineoplastic drugs. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents up to 90% of all kidney tumors, exhibits aggressive behavior, and has a propensity for metastasis. At diagnosis, 30% of patients with RCC have metastases, while up to 50% of those with localized disease treated with curative protocols experience recurrence. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to establish an RCC PDX platform to identify novel clinical and molecular biomarkers of recurrence risk in order to facilitate precision medicine. METHODS: Tumor samples were obtained from surgical specimens of 87 RCC patients; fragments were implanted in immunodeficient NOD/SCID/gamma (NSG) mice. Seventeen fragments were implanted subcutaneously in an initial group while a second group of 70 samples were implanted orthotopically in the subcapsular space. RESULTS: A total of 19 PDX developed only after orthotopic implantation, and included 15 cases of clear cell RCC subtype, 3 cases of papillary subtype, and one unclassifiable tumor. One PDX of clear cell RCC recapitulated the phenotype of vena caval tumor thrombus extension that had been diagnosed in the source patient. PDX characterization by immunohistochemistry and targeted sequencing indicated that all PDXs preserved RCC identity and major molecular alterations. Moreover, the capacity of tumor engraftment was a strong prognostic indicator for patients with locally advanced disease. CONCLUSION: Taken together, these results suggest that the orthotopic xenograft model of RCC represents a suitable tool to study RCC biology, identify biomarkers, and to test therapeutic candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano O. Beserra
- International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo – Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, São Paulo – Brazil
| | - Ethiene C. Estevan
- International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo – Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, São Paulo – Brazil
| | | | - Giovana T. Torrezan
- International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo – Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, São Paulo – Brazil
| | - Amanda Ikegami
- International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo – Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, São Paulo – Brazil
| | - Humberto Dellê
- Graduate Program in Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo – Brazil
| | - Isabela W. Cunha
- Institute of Pathology, Rede D’OR-São Luiz and D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), São Paulo – Brazil
| | - Isabella T. Meira
- International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo – Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, São Paulo – Brazil
| | - Dirce M. Carraro
- International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo – Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, São Paulo – Brazil
| | - Primo N. Lara
- University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA – USA
| | - Stenio C. Zequi
- National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, São Paulo – Brazil
- Reference Center of Urology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo – Brazil
- LARCG -Latin American Renal Cancer Group
| | - Vilma R. Martins
- International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo – Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, São Paulo – Brazil
| | - Tiago G. Santos
- International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo – Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, São Paulo – Brazil
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3
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de Albuquerque GE, Moda BS, Serpa MS, Branco GP, Defelicibus A, Takenaka IKTM, de Amorim MG, Miola EC, Martins VCA, Torres KL, Bezerra SM, Claro LCL, Pelosof AG, Sztokfisz CZ, Abrantes LLS, Coimbra FJF, Kowalski LP, Alves FA, Zequi SC, Udekwu KI, Silva IT, Nunes DN, Bartelli TF, Dias-Neto E. Evaluation of Bacteria and Fungi DNA Abundance in Human Tissues. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020237. [PMID: 35205282 PMCID: PMC8872151 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Whereas targeted and shotgun sequencing approaches are both powerful in allowing the study of tissue-associated microbiota, the human: microorganism abundance ratios in tissues of interest will ultimately determine the most suitable sequencing approach. In addition, it is possible that the knowledge of the relative abundance of bacteria and fungi during a treatment course or in pathological conditions can be relevant in many medical conditions. Here, we present a qPCR-targeted approach to determine the absolute and relative amounts of bacteria and fungi and demonstrate their relative DNA abundance in nine different human tissue types for a total of 87 samples. In these tissues, fungi genomes are more abundant in stool and skin samples but have much lower levels in other tissues. Bacteria genomes prevail in stool, skin, oral swabs, saliva, and gastric fluids. These findings were confirmed by shotgun sequencing for stool and gastric fluids. This approach may contribute to a more comprehensive view of the human microbiota in targeted studies for assessing the abundance levels of microorganisms during disease treatment/progression and to indicate the most informative methods for studying microbial composition (shotgun versus targeted sequencing) for various samples types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela E. de Albuquerque
- Laboratory of Medical Genomics, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-010, SP, Brazil; (G.E.d.A.); (M.S.S.); (G.P.B.); (I.K.T.M.T.); (M.G.d.A.); (E.C.M.); (D.N.N.)
| | - Bruno S. Moda
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-010, SP, Brazil; (B.S.M.); (A.D.); (I.T.S.)
| | - Marianna S. Serpa
- Laboratory of Medical Genomics, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-010, SP, Brazil; (G.E.d.A.); (M.S.S.); (G.P.B.); (I.K.T.M.T.); (M.G.d.A.); (E.C.M.); (D.N.N.)
| | - Gabriela P. Branco
- Laboratory of Medical Genomics, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-010, SP, Brazil; (G.E.d.A.); (M.S.S.); (G.P.B.); (I.K.T.M.T.); (M.G.d.A.); (E.C.M.); (D.N.N.)
| | - Alexandre Defelicibus
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-010, SP, Brazil; (B.S.M.); (A.D.); (I.T.S.)
| | - Isabella K. T. M. Takenaka
- Laboratory of Medical Genomics, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-010, SP, Brazil; (G.E.d.A.); (M.S.S.); (G.P.B.); (I.K.T.M.T.); (M.G.d.A.); (E.C.M.); (D.N.N.)
| | - Maria G. de Amorim
- Laboratory of Medical Genomics, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-010, SP, Brazil; (G.E.d.A.); (M.S.S.); (G.P.B.); (I.K.T.M.T.); (M.G.d.A.); (E.C.M.); (D.N.N.)
| | - Elizabeth C. Miola
- Laboratory of Medical Genomics, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-010, SP, Brazil; (G.E.d.A.); (M.S.S.); (G.P.B.); (I.K.T.M.T.); (M.G.d.A.); (E.C.M.); (D.N.N.)
| | - Valquiria C. A. Martins
- Department of Education and Research, Fundação Centro de Controle de Oncologia do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus 69040-010, AM, Brazil; (V.C.A.M.); (K.L.T.)
| | - Katia L. Torres
- Department of Education and Research, Fundação Centro de Controle de Oncologia do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus 69040-010, AM, Brazil; (V.C.A.M.); (K.L.T.)
| | - Stephania M. Bezerra
- Department of Pathology, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01509-001, SP, Brazil; (S.M.B.); (L.C.L.C.)
| | - Laura C. L. Claro
- Department of Pathology, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01509-001, SP, Brazil; (S.M.B.); (L.C.L.C.)
- Rede D’Or São Luiz S/A, Sao Paulo 04321-130, SP, Brazil
- Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, Sao Paulo 01221-010, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriane G. Pelosof
- Endoscopy, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01509-001, SP, Brazil; (A.G.P.); (C.Z.S.)
| | - Claudia Z. Sztokfisz
- Endoscopy, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01509-001, SP, Brazil; (A.G.P.); (C.Z.S.)
| | - Lais L. S. Abrantes
- International Research Center, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-010, SP, Brazil;
| | - Felipe J. F. Coimbra
- Director Department of Abdominal Surgery, Head Upper GI Oncology Reference Center, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01509-001, SP, Brazil;
| | - Luiz P. Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01509-001, SP, Brazil;
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Fábio A. Alves
- Department of Stomatology, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01509-001, SP, Brazil;
| | - Stênio C. Zequi
- Department of Urology, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01509-001, SP, Brazil;
- National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01509-001, SP, Brazil
| | - Klas I. Udekwu
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 7050, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden;
- Department of Medical Sciences, Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Uppsala University Akademiska Sjukhuset, Ingång 40, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Israel T. Silva
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-010, SP, Brazil; (B.S.M.); (A.D.); (I.T.S.)
| | - Diana N. Nunes
- Laboratory of Medical Genomics, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-010, SP, Brazil; (G.E.d.A.); (M.S.S.); (G.P.B.); (I.K.T.M.T.); (M.G.d.A.); (E.C.M.); (D.N.N.)
| | - Thais F. Bartelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genomics, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-010, SP, Brazil; (G.E.d.A.); (M.S.S.); (G.P.B.); (I.K.T.M.T.); (M.G.d.A.); (E.C.M.); (D.N.N.)
- Correspondence: (T.F.B.); (E.D.-N.)
| | - Emmanuel Dias-Neto
- Laboratory of Medical Genomics, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01508-010, SP, Brazil; (G.E.d.A.); (M.S.S.); (G.P.B.); (I.K.T.M.T.); (M.G.d.A.); (E.C.M.); (D.N.N.)
- Laboratório de Neurociências Alzira Denise Hertzog Silva, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-010, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: (T.F.B.); (E.D.-N.)
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4
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Vassalakis JA, Zequi SC, Bezerra SM, da Costa WH, Larsson O, Topisirovic I, Hajj GN. Abstract 2441: Polysome profiling suggests VHL-dependent translational control in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2021-2441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
ccRCC is the most common type of renal carcinoma with 80% of incidence among all types of kidney neoplasms. Most cases are localized in the kidney and potentially curable after nephrectomy however about 30% of patients will relapse with distant metastasis. Metastatic patients comprehend one third of all cases and, despite the advances in therapies, they still have low response rates. The identification of molecular mechanisms associated with ccRCC is essential to understand disease progression and treatment resistance. Genes frequently mutated in ccRCC affect the activation of signaling pathways including the mTOR pathway which can cause an unbalance in translational control. Another frequent mutation is in the tumor suppressor gene VHL which regulates response under hypoxia. Hypoxia affects gene expression by both translational and transcriptional controls that contributes to tumor formation and disease progression. Here we aim to understand how translational control can contribute to ccRCC development. We evaluated the activity of mTOR pathway and translational control in cell lines and PDX models with VHL mutation through polysome profiling. We observed lower global translational rates in both VHL mutated models suggesting an important role in translational control. Differentially translated genes identified from polysome associated RNA show a specific translational signature in response to VHL deletion. For human tumors, a cohort of 118 cases was selected between metastatic and non-metastatic patients available at A.C. Camargo Cancer Center Tumor Tissue Biobank. Polysome profiling was performed for all cases and show that increased translational rates are associated with reduced overall and progression-free survival.
Citation Format: Julia A. Vassalakis, Stenio C. Zequi, Stephania M. Bezerra, Walter H. da Costa, Ola Larsson, Ivan Topisirovic, Glaucia N. Hajj. Polysome profiling suggests VHL-dependent translational control in clear cell renal cell carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 2441.
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5
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Mota STS, Vecchi L, Zóia MAP, Oliveira FM, Alves DA, Dornelas BC, Bezerra SM, Andrade VP, Maia YCP, Neves AF, Goulart LR, Araújo TG. New Insights into the Role of Polybromo-1 in Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122852. [PMID: 31212728 PMCID: PMC6627401 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The human protein Polybromo-1 (PBMR1/BAF180) is a component of the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex that has been reported to be deregulated in tumors. However, its role in prostate cancer (PCa) is largely unknown. In this study, we described the PBRM1 transcriptional levels and the protein expression/localization in tissues of PCa patients and in prostatic cell lines. Increased PBRM1 mRNA levels were found in PCa samples, when compared to benign disease, and were correlated with higher Gleason score. We also verified that only the nuclear localization of PBRM1 protein is correlated with a more aggressive disease and high Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) levels in tissue microarrays. Intriguing expression patterns of mRNA and protein were identified in the cell lines. Although PBRM1 protein was restricted to the nuclei, in tumor cell lines in non-neoplastic cells, it was also present in vesicular-like structures that were dispersed within the cytoplasm. We knocked-down PBRM1 in the castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) cell line PC-3 and we verified that PBRM1 promotes the expression of several markers of aggressiveness, including EpCAM, TGF-β, and N-Cadherin. Therefore, our data supported the hypothesis that PBRM1 displays a pivotal role in the promotion and maintenance of the malignant behavior of PCa, especially in CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara T S Mota
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Patos de Minas-MG 387400-128, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia-MG 38400-902, Brazil.
| | - Lara Vecchi
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia-MG 38400-902, Brazil.
| | - Mariana A P Zóia
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia-MG 38400-902, Brazil.
| | - Fabrícia M Oliveira
- Faculty of Mathematics, Federal University of Uberlandia, Patos de Minas-MG 387400-128, Brazil.
| | - Douglas A Alves
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Patos de Minas-MG 387400-128, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia-MG 38400-902, Brazil.
| | - Bruno C Dornelas
- Pathology Division, Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia-MG 38400-902, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Yara C P Maia
- Medical Faculty, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia-MG 38400-902, Brazil.
| | - Adriana F Neves
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Federal University of Goias-GO, Goiânia-GO 75704-020, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Ricardo Goulart
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia-MG 38400-902, Brazil.
- University of California Davis, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Thaise G Araújo
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Patos de Minas-MG 387400-128, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia-MG 38400-902, Brazil.
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6
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Springer SU, Chen CH, Rodriguez Pena MDC, Li L, Douville C, Wang Y, Cohen JD, Taheri D, Silliman N, Schaefer J, Ptak J, Dobbyn L, Papoli M, Kinde I, Afsari B, Tregnago AC, Bezerra SM, VandenBussche C, Fujita K, Ertoy D, Cunha IW, Yu L, Bivalacqua TJ, Grollman AP, Diaz LA, Karchin R, Danilova L, Huang CY, Shun CT, Turesky RJ, Yun BH, Rosenquist TA, Pu YS, Hruban RH, Tomasetti C, Papadopoulos N, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B, Dickman KG, Netto GJ. Correction: Non-invasive detection of urothelial cancer through the analysis of driver gene mutations and aneuploidy. eLife 2018; 7:43237. [PMID: 30418154 PMCID: PMC6231759 DOI: 10.7554/elife.43237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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7
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Eich ML, Tregnago AC, Faraj SF, Palsgrove DN, Fujita K, Bezerra SM, Munari E, Sharma R, Chaux A, Netto GJ. Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor expression in upper tract urothelial carcinoma. Virchows Arch 2018; 474:21-27. [PMID: 30338346 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-018-2468-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor that plays a crucial role in cell proliferation, growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. IGF1R overexpression has been observed in several cancers, including invasive bladder carcinomas, as a potential prognostic factor. Given known biologic differences between upper and lower urinary tract urothelial carcinoma, we assessed the expression status and prognostic significance of IGF1R in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). Two tissue microarrays (TMAs) were built from 99 Japanese patients with non-metastatic UTUC submitted to radical nephroureterectomy between 1997 and 2011. TMAs were constructed with triplicate tumor and paired benign urothelium. Membranous IGF1R staining was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. Two scoring methods were applied (Her2-score and H-score). The highest score was assigned to each tumor. IGF1R positivity was defined as Her2-score ≥ 1+. Association with clinicopathologic parameters and outcome was assessed using hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and adjusted P values. We found positive IGF1R expression in 70% of UTUC. Outcomes were as follows: tumor recurrence, 33%; tumor progression, 59%; overall mortality, 33%; and cancer-specific mortality, 30%. IGF1R was not associated with any clinicopathologic features. In addition, IGF1R expression was not associated with tumor recurrence (HR = 0.54, CI = 0.25-1.1, P = 0.11), tumor progression (HR = 1.6, CI = 0.8-3.1, P = 0.19), overall mortality (HR = 1.5, CI = 0.68-3.4, P = 0.31), or cancer-specific mortality (HR = 1.6, CI = 0.68-3.8, P = 0.27). Positive IGF1R expression was found in more than two thirds of UTUC. This finding provides a rationale to investigate IGF1R as a potential therapeutic target in UTUC. In contrast to bladder cancer, IGF1R expression in UTUC did not correlate with outcome, further pointing to biologic differences between UTUC and bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Lisa Eich
- Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, WP Building, Suite P230 l 619 19th Street, South, Birmingham, AL, 35249-7331, USA
| | - Aline C Tregnago
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sheila F Faraj
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Doreen N Palsgrove
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Stephania M Bezerra
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Enrico Munari
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rajni Sharma
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - George J Netto
- Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, WP Building, Suite P230 l 619 19th Street, South, Birmingham, AL, 35249-7331, USA.
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8
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da Costa WH, da Cunha IW, Fares AF, Bezerra SM, Shultz L, Clavijo DA, da Silva DV, Netto GJ, Guimaraes GC, Cassio Zequi SD. Prognostic impact of concomitant loss of PBRM1 and BAP1 protein expression in early stages of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Urol Oncol 2018; 36:243.e1-243.e8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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9
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Springer SU, Chen CH, Rodriguez Pena MDC, Li L, Douville C, Wang Y, Cohen JD, Taheri D, Silliman N, Schaefer J, Ptak J, Dobbyn L, Papoli M, Kinde I, Afsari B, Tregnago AC, Bezerra SM, VandenBussche C, Fujita K, Ertoy D, Cunha IW, Yu L, Bivalacqua TJ, Grollman AP, Diaz LA, Karchin R, Danilova L, Huang CY, Shun CT, Turesky RJ, Yun BH, Rosenquist TA, Pu YS, Hruban RH, Tomasetti C, Papadopoulos N, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B, Dickman KG, Netto GJ. Non-invasive detection of urothelial cancer through the analysis of driver gene mutations and aneuploidy. eLife 2018; 7:32143. [PMID: 29557778 PMCID: PMC5860864 DOI: 10.7554/elife.32143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Current non-invasive approaches for detection of urothelial cancers are suboptimal. We developed a test to detect urothelial neoplasms using DNA recovered from cells shed into urine. UroSEEK incorporates massive parallel sequencing assays for mutations in 11 genes and copy number changes on 39 chromosome arms. In 570 patients at risk for bladder cancer (BC), UroSEEK was positive in 83% of those who developed BC. Combined with cytology, UroSEEK detected 95% of patients who developed BC. Of 56 patients with upper tract urothelial cancer, 75% tested positive by UroSEEK, including 79% of those with non-invasive tumors. UroSEEK detected genetic abnormalities in 68% of urines obtained from BC patients under surveillance who demonstrated clinical evidence of recurrence. The advantages of UroSEEK over cytology were evident in low-grade BCs; UroSEEK detected 67% of cases whereas cytology detected none. These results establish the foundation for a new non-invasive approach for detection of urothelial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeon U Springer
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Chung-Hsin Chen
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Maria Del Carmen Rodriguez Pena
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States.,Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Christopher Douville
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Joshua David Cohen
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Diana Taheri
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States.,Department of Pathology, Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Natalie Silliman
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Joy Schaefer
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Janine Ptak
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Lisa Dobbyn
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Maria Papoli
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Isaac Kinde
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Bahman Afsari
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States.,Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Aline C Tregnago
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | | | | | | | - Dilek Ertoy
- Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Isabela W Cunha
- Department of Pathology, AC Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lijia Yu
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States
| | | | - Arthur P Grollman
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States.,Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States
| | - Luis A Diaz
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, United States
| | - Rachel Karchin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Ludmila Danilova
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States.,Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Chao-Yuan Huang
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Tung Shun
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Robert J Turesky
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Byeong Hwa Yun
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Thomas A Rosenquist
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States
| | - Yeong-Shiau Pu
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ralph H Hruban
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Cristian Tomasetti
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States.,Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Nickolas Papadopoulos
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Ken W Kinzler
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Bert Vogelstein
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, United States.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, United States
| | - Kathleen G Dickman
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States.,Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States
| | - George J Netto
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States.,Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States
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10
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Rodriguez Pena MDC, Tregnago AC, Eich ML, Springer S, Wang Y, Taheri D, Ertoy D, Fujita K, Bezerra SM, Cunha IW, Raspollini MR, Yu L, Bivalacqua TJ, Papadopoulos N, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B, Netto GJ. Spectrum of genetic mutations in de novo PUNLMP of the urinary bladder. Virchows Arch 2017; 471:761-767. [PMID: 28597078 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-017-2164-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Our group and others have previously demonstrated the presence of TERT promoter mutations (TERT-mut) in 60-80% of urothelial carcinomas and some of their histologic variants. Five other genes have been frequently implicated in bladder cancer: FGRF3, TP53, PIK3CA, HRAS, and CDKN2A. In the current study, we sought to determine the prevalence of mutations in TERT and these five other genes in de novo papillary urothelial neoplasms of low malignant potential (PUNLMP) of the urinary bladder. A retrospective search of our archives for PUNLMP was performed and 30 de novo cases were identified and included in the study. We found mutations in TERT (TERT-mut) and FGFR3 (FGFR3-mut) to be the most common alterations in the cohort (63 and 60%, respectively). The majority of the TERT-mut-positive tumors (84%) had a g.1295228C > T alteration with the remaining tumors demonstrating g.1295250C > T. Approximately one fourth of tumors had TP53 mutations. These findings support the potential utility of a uniform genetic mutation panel to detect bladder cancers of various subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aline C Tregnago
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Marie-Lisa Eich
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Simeon Springer
- The Ludwig Center and Howard Hughes Medical Institute at the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- The Ludwig Center and Howard Hughes Medical Institute at the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Diana Taheri
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Dilek Ertoy
- Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | - Isabela W Cunha
- Department of Pathology, AC Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Lijia Yu
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35249, USA
| | | | - Nickolas Papadopoulos
- The Ludwig Center and Howard Hughes Medical Institute at the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Kenneth W Kinzler
- The Ludwig Center and Howard Hughes Medical Institute at the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Bert Vogelstein
- The Ludwig Center and Howard Hughes Medical Institute at the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - George J Netto
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35249, USA.
- Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, WP Building, Suite P230, 619 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL, 35249-7331, USA.
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11
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Torres A, Alshalalfa M, Tomlins SA, Erho N, Gibb EA, Chelliserry J, Lim L, Lam LLC, Faraj SF, Bezerra SM, Davicioni E, Yousefi K, Ross AE, Netto GJ, Schaeffer EM, Lotan TL. Comprehensive Determination of Prostate Tumor ETS Gene Status in Clinical Samples Using the CLIA Decipher Assay. J Mol Diagn 2017; 19:475-484. [PMID: 28341589 PMCID: PMC5417038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
ETS family gene fusions are common in prostate cancer and molecularly define a tumor subset. ERG is the most commonly rearranged, leading to its overexpression, followed by ETV1, ETV4, and ETV5, and these alterations are generally mutually exclusive. We validated the Decipher prostate cancer assay to detect ETS alterations in a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments-accredited laboratory. Benchmarking against ERG immunohistochemistry and ETV1/4/5 RNA in situ hybridization, we examined the accuracy, precision, and reproducibility of gene expression ETS models using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples. The m-ERG model achieved an area under curve of 95%, with 93% sensitivity and 98% specificity to predict ERG immunohistochemistry status. The m-ETV1, -ETV4, and -ETV5 models achieved areas under curve of 98%, 88%, and 99%, respectively. The models had 100% robustness for ETS status, and scores were highly correlated across sample replicates. Models predicted 41.5% of a prospective radical prostatectomy cohort (n = 4036) to be ERG+, 6.3% ETV1+, 1% ETV4+, and 0.4% ETV5+. Of prostate tumor biopsy samples (n = 509), 41.2% were ERG+, 8.6% ETV1+, 0.4% ETV4+, and none ETV5+. Higher Decipher risk status tumors were more likely to be ETS+ (ERG or ETV1/4/5) in the radical prostatectomy and the biopsy cohorts (P < 0.05). These results support the utility of microarray-based ETS status prediction models for molecular classification of prostate tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Torres
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Scott A Tomlins
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Nicholas Erho
- GenomeDx Biosciences, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ewan A Gibb
- GenomeDx Biosciences, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Lony Lim
- GenomeDx Biosciences, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lucia L C Lam
- GenomeDx Biosciences, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sheila F Faraj
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Stephania M Bezerra
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Elai Davicioni
- GenomeDx Biosciences, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kasra Yousefi
- GenomeDx Biosciences, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ashley E Ross
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - George J Netto
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Edward M Schaeffer
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Urology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tamara L Lotan
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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Cocks M, Taheri D, Ball MW, Bezerra SM, Del Carmen Rodriguez M, Ricardo BF, Bivalacqua TJ, Sharma RB, Meeker A, Chaux A, Burnett AL, Netto GJ. Immune-checkpoint status in penile squamous cell carcinoma: a North American cohort. Hum Pathol 2017; 59:55-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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13
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Morbeck D, Tregnago AC, Netto GB, Sacomani C, Peresi PM, Osório CT, Schutz L, Bezerra SM, de Brot L, Cunha IW. GATA3 expression in primary vulvar Paget disease: a potential pitfall leading to misdiagnosis of pagetoid urothelial intraepithelial neoplasia. Histopathology 2016; 70:435-441. [DOI: 10.1111/his.13086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Morbeck
- Department of Pathology; AC Camargo Cancer Center; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Aline C Tregnago
- Department of Pathology; AC Camargo Cancer Center; São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Sacomani
- Department of Urology; AC Camargo Cancer Center; São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Cynthia T Osório
- Department of Pathology; AC Camargo Cancer Center; São Paulo Brazil
| | | | | | - Louise de Brot
- Department of Pathology; AC Camargo Cancer Center; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Isabela W Cunha
- Department of Pathology; AC Camargo Cancer Center; São Paulo Brazil
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14
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Guner G, Bishop JA, Bezerra SM, Taheri D, Zahavi DJ, Mendoza Rodriguez MA, Sharma R, Epstein JI, Netto GJ. The utility of STAT6 and ALDH1 expression in the differential diagnosis of solitary fibrous tumor versus prostate-specific stromal neoplasms. Hum Pathol 2016; 54:184-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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15
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Schultz L, Spagnul SJT, Damm GR, da Cunha IW, Bezerra SM, da Costa WH, Guimaraes GC, Zequi SD, Soares FA. Ulceration in bladder cancer associates with extravesical disease, independent of cell cycle, or hypoxia pathways status: Integrating gross morphology and expression profiles in cystectomies. Urol Oncol 2016; 34:484.e9-484.e17. [PMID: 27377810 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2016.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ulceration is common in bladder tumors, but its prognostic role, although intuitive, is not established. We aim to explore the presence of gross ulceration and its relationship with other morphological and biological features classically associated with extravesical disease, in patients submitted to radical cystectomy. METHODS Tumor size and morphology were noted on 101 cystectomy patients (2000-2010). Papillary, exophytic, and vegetant tumors were grouped as "papillary" and solid/nodular, ulcerated and infiltrative as "nonpapillary." Ulceration was noted grossly in every case as a binary parameter, regardless of morphology. Immunohistochemistry was performed for hypoxia (hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor), and cell cycle proteins (pRb, p53, and cyclin D1). RESULTS Mean age was 66.7 year, male:female ratio was 2:1, 20 patients received bacillus Calmette-Guerin and 10 neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Upstaging rate was 56.4%. Ulcerated lesions presented mostly as nonpapillary and nonorgan confined (nOC), whereas nonulcerated tumors were often papillary and organ confined (OC). Tumor size was smaller in nonpapillary tumors (P = 0.002), but did not associate with altered hypoxia or cell cycle expressions. pRb and cyclin D1 loss and p53 overexpression were more frequent in ulcerated and non-OC tumors as did the phenotype vascular endothelial growth factor-negative/hypoxia-inducible factor-1α-low (P<0.001). On a multivariate model, ulceration was an independent predictor of non-OC and extravesical disease. CONCLUSION Patients with ulcerated tumors were often staged with extravesical disease, independent of other morphologic and biological features known to affect prognosis. Prospective studies are needed to confirm the predictive value of tumor ulceration at cystoscopy, which could improve patient stratification for neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Isabela W da Cunha
- Antonio Prudente Foundation, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Walter H da Costa
- Antonio Prudente Foundation, São Paulo, Brazil; Urology Division, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo C Guimaraes
- Antonio Prudente Foundation, São Paulo, Brazil; Urology Division, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stenio deC Zequi
- Antonio Prudente Foundation, São Paulo, Brazil; Urology Division, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando A Soares
- Antonio Prudente Foundation, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
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16
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Johnson MH, Ross AE, Alshalalfa M, Erho N, Yousefi K, Glavaris S, Fedor H, Han M, Faraj SF, Bezerra SM, Netto G, Partin AW, Trock BJ, Davicioni E, Schaeffer EM. SPINK1 Defines a Molecular Subtype of Prostate Cancer in Men with More Rapid Progression in an at Risk, Natural History Radical Prostatectomy Cohort. J Urol 2016; 196:1436-1444. [PMID: 27238617 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2016.05.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prostate cancer is clinically and molecularly heterogeneous. We determined the prognosis of men with ERG-ETS fusions and SPINK1 over expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Men were identified with intermediate or high risk localized prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy and no therapy before metastasis. A case-cohort design sampled a cohort (262) enriched with metastasis from the entire cohort and a cohort (213) enriched with metastasis from patients with biochemical recurrence. We analyzed transcriptomic profiles and subtyped tumors as m-ERG+, m-ETS+, m-SPINK1+ or Triple Negative (m-ERG─/m-ETS─/m-SPINK1─), and multivariable logistic regression analyses, Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox models were used to evaluate subtypes as predictors of clinical outcomes. RESULTS Overall 36%, 13%, 11% and 40% of prostate cancer was classified as m-ERG+, m-ETS+, m-SPINK1+ and Triple Negative, respectively. Univariable analysis demonstrated that m-SPINK1+ tumors were more common in African-American men (OR 5, 95% CI 1.6-16) but less commonly associated with positive surgical margins (OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.03-0.69) compared to the m-ERG+ group. Compared to the Triple Negative group, m-SPINK1+ showed similar associations with race and surgical margins in univariable and multivariable analyses across the entire cohort. Survival analyses did not show significant differences among m-ERG+, m-ETS+ and Triple Negative cases. m-SPINK1+ independently predicted prostate cancer specific mortality after metastasis (HR 2.48, 95% CI 0.96-6.4) and biochemical recurrence (HR 3, 95% CI 1.1-8). CONCLUSIONS SPINK1 over expression is associated with prostate cancer specific mortality in at risk men with biochemical and clinical recurrence after prostatectomy. ERG-ETS alterations are not prognostic for outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Johnson
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ashley E Ross
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Nicholas Erho
- GenomeDx Biosciences, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kasra Yousefi
- GenomeDx Biosciences, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stephanie Glavaris
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Helen Fedor
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Misop Han
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sheila F Faraj
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Stephania M Bezerra
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - George Netto
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Alan W Partin
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Bruce J Trock
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Elai Davicioni
- GenomeDx Biosciences, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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17
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Shekhani MT, Barber JR, Bezerra SM, Heaphy CM, Gonzalez Roibon ND, Taheri D, Reis LO, Guner G, Joshu CE, Netto GJ, Meeker AK. High-resolution telomere fluorescence in situ hybridization reveals intriguing anomalies in germ cell tumors. Hum Pathol 2016; 54:106-12. [PMID: 27085557 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) is the most common malignancy of young men. Most patients are completely cured, which distinguishes these from most other malignancies. Orchiectomy specimens (n=76) were evaluated using high-resolution (single-cell discriminative) telomere-specific fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with simultaneous Oct4 immunofluorescence to describe telomere length phenotype in TGCT neoplastic cells. For the first time, the TGCT precursor lesion, germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS) is also evaluated in depth. The intensity of the signals from cancerous cells was compared to the same patient's reference cells-namely, healthy germ cells (defined as "medium" length) and interstitial/somatic cells (defined as "short" telomere length). We observed short telomeres in most GCNIS and pure seminomas (P=.006 and P=.0005, respectively). In contrast, nonseminomas displayed longer telomeres. Lesion-specific telomere lengths were documented in mixed tumor cases. Embryonal carcinoma (EC) demonstrated the longest telomeres. A fraction of EC displays the telomerase-independent alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) phenotype (24% of cases). Loss of ATRX or DAXX nuclear expression was strongly associated with ALT; however, nuclear expression of both proteins was retained in half of ALT-positive ECs. The particular distribution of telomere lengths among TGCT and GCNIS precursors implicate telomeres anomalies in pathogenesis. These results may advise management decisions as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Talha Shekhani
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - John R Barber
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Stephania M Bezerra
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Christopher M Heaphy
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Diana Taheri
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Leonardo O Reis
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Gunes Guner
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Corinne E Joshu
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - George J Netto
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD
| | - Alan K Meeker
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD.
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18
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Cocks M, Taheri D, Ball MW, Bezerra SM, Meeker A, Del Carmen Rodriguez M, Chaux A, Burnett A, Netto G. MP81-19 PROGRAMMED DEATH LIGAND-1 (PD-L1) STATUS IN NORTH AMERICAN COHORT OF PENILE SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA. J Urol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2016.02.2072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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19
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Ball MW, Bezerra SM, Chaux A, Faraj SF, Gonzalez-Roibon N, Munari E, Sharma R, Bivalacqua TJ, Netto GJ, Burnett AL. Overexpression of Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Receptor Is Associated With Penile Cancer Progression. Urology 2016; 92:51-6. [PMID: 26905033 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) expression in penile cancer and its association with oncologic outcomes. METHODS Tissue microarrays were constructed from 53 patients treated at our institution. Expression of IGF1R was evaluated using a Her2-like scoring system. Overexpression was defined as 1+ or greater membranous staining. Association of IGF1R expression with pathologic features was assessed with comparative statistics, and association with local recurrence, progression to nodal or distance metastases, or death was assessed with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazard regression models. RESULTS Overall, IGF1R overexpression was seen in 33 (62%) cases. With a median follow-up of 27.8 months, IGF1R overexpression was associated with inferior progression-free survival (PFS) (P = .003). In a multivariable model controlling for grade, T stage, perineural invasion, and lymphovascular invasion, IGF1R expression was independently associated with disease progression (hazard ratio 2.3, 95% confidence interval 1.1-5.1, P = .03. Comparing patients without IGF1R overexpression to those with overexpression, 5-year PFS was 94.1% vs 45.8%. CONCLUSION IGF1R overexpression was associated with inferior PFS in penile cancer. Drugs that target IGF1R and downstream messengers may have a therapeutic benefit in patients that exhibit IGF1R overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark W Ball
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute & Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
| | - Stephania M Bezerra
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Alcides Chaux
- Norte University, Office of Scientific Research, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Sheila F Faraj
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Nilda Gonzalez-Roibon
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Enrico Munari
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Rajni Sharma
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Trinity J Bivalacqua
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute & Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - George J Netto
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute & Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Arthur L Burnett
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute & Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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20
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Munari E, Chaux A, Vaghasia AM, Taheri D, Karram S, Bezerra SM, Gonzalez Roibon N, Nelson WG, Yegnasubramanian S, Netto GJ, Haffner MC. Global 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine Levels Are Profoundly Reduced in Multiple Genitourinary Malignancies. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146302. [PMID: 26785262 PMCID: PMC4718593 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Solid tumors are characterized by a plethora of epigenetic changes. In particular, patterns methylation of cytosines at the 5-position (5mC) in the context of CpGs are frequently altered in tumors. Recent evidence suggests that 5mC can get converted to 5-hydroxylmethylcytosine (5hmC) in an enzymatic process involving ten eleven translocation (TET) protein family members, and this process appears to be important in facilitating plasticity of cytosine methylation. Here we evaluated the global levels of 5hmC using a validated immunohistochemical staining method in a large series of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (n = 111), urothelial cell carcinoma (n = 55) and testicular germ cell tumors (n = 84) and matched adjacent benign tissues. Whereas tumor-adjacent benign tissues were mostly characterized by high levels of 5hmC, renal cell carcinoma and urothelial cell carcinoma showed dramatically reduced staining for 5hmC. 5hmC levels were low in both primary tumors and metastases of clear cell renal cell carcinoma and showed no association with disease outcomes. In normal testis, robust 5hmC staining was only observed in stroma and Sertoli cells. Seminoma showed greatly reduced 5hmC immunolabeling, whereas differentiated teratoma, embryonal and yolk sack tumors exhibited high 5hmC levels. The substantial tumor specific loss of 5hmC, particularly in clear cell renal cell carcinoma and urothelial cell carcinoma, suggests that alterations in pathways involved in establishing and maintaining 5hmC levels might be very common in cancer and could potentially be exploited for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Munari
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
| | - Alcides Chaux
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
- Department of Scientific Research, Norte University; Centro para el Desarrollo de la Investigación Científica (CEDIC) Asunción, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Ajay M. Vaghasia
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
| | - Diana Taheri
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sarah Karram
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
| | - Stephania M. Bezerra
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
| | - Nilda Gonzalez Roibon
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
| | - William G. Nelson
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
- Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
| | - Srinivasan Yegnasubramanian
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
| | - George J. Netto
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
- Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MCH); (GJN)
| | - Michael C. Haffner
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MCH); (GJN)
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21
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Ross AE, Johnson MH, Yousefi K, Davicioni E, Netto GJ, Marchionni L, Fedor HL, Glavaris S, Choeurng V, Buerki C, Erho N, Lam LL, Humphreys EB, Faraj S, Bezerra SM, Han M, Partin AW, Trock BJ, Schaeffer EM. Tissue-based Genomics Augments Post-prostatectomy Risk Stratification in a Natural History Cohort of Intermediate- and High-Risk Men. Eur Urol 2015; 69:157-65. [PMID: 26058959 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2015.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radical prostatectomy (RP) is a primary treatment option for men with intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer. Although many are effectively cured with local therapy alone, these men are by definition at higher risk of adverse pathologic features and clinical disease recurrence. It has been shown that the Decipher test predicts metastatic progression in cohorts that received adjuvant and salvage therapy following RP. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the Decipher genomic classifier in a natural history cohort of men at risk who received no additional treatment until the time of metastatic progression. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Retrospective case-cohort design for 356 men who underwent RP between 1992 and 2010 at intermediate or high risk and received no additional treatment until the time of metastasis. Participants met the following criteria: (1) Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment postsurgical (CAPRA-S) score ≥3; (2) pathologic Gleason score ≥7; and (3) post-RP prostate-specific antigen nadir <0.2 ng/ml. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The primary endpoint was defined as regional or distant metastases. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, extension of decision curve analysis to survival data, and univariable and multivariable Cox proportional-hazards models were used to measure the discrimination, net benefit, and prognostic potential of genomic and pathologic risk factors. Cumulative incidence curves were constructed using Fine-Gray competing-risks analysis with appropriate weighting of the controls to account for the case-cohort study design. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Ninety six patients had unavailable tumor blocks or failed microarray quality control. Decipher scores were then obtained for 260 patients, of whom 99 experienced metastasis. Decipher correlated with increased cumulative incidence of biochemical recurrence, metastasis, and prostate cancer-specific mortality (p<0.01). The cumulative incidence of metastasis was 12% and 47% for patients with low and high Decipher scores, respectively, at 10 yr after RP. Decipher was independently prognostic of metastasis in multivariable analysis (hazard ratio 1.26 per 10% increase; p<0.01). Decipher had a c-index of 0.76 and increased the c-index of Eggener and CAPRA-S risk models from 0.76 and 0.77 to 0.86 and 0.87, respectively, at 10 yr after RP. Although the cohort was large, the single-center retrospective design is an important limitation. CONCLUSIONS In a patient population that received no adjuvant or salvage therapy after prostatectomy until metastatic progression, higher Decipher scores correlated with clinical events, and inclusion of Decipher scores improved the prognostic performance of validated clinicopathologic risk models. These results confirm the utility already reported for Decipher. PATIENT SUMMARY The Decipher test improves identification of patients most at risk of metastatic progression and death from prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley E Ross
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael H Johnson
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | - George J Netto
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Luigi Marchionni
- Department of Cancer Biology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Helen L Fedor
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stephanie Glavaris
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Elizabeth B Humphreys
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sheila Faraj
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Misop Han
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alan W Partin
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bruce J Trock
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Edward M Schaeffer
- James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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22
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Ball MW, Bezerra SM, Gorin MA, Cowan M, Pavlovich CP, Pierorazio PM, Netto GJ, Allaf ME. Grade Heterogeneity in Small Renal Masses: Potential Implications for Renal Mass Biopsy. J Urol 2015; 193:36-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.06.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark W. Ball
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Stephania M. Bezerra
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Michael A. Gorin
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Morgan Cowan
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Christian P. Pavlovich
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Phillip M. Pierorazio
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - George J. Netto
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mohamad E. Allaf
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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23
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Tregnago AC, Furlan MV, Bezerra SM, Porto GCLM, Mendes GG, Henklain JVR, Pinto CAL, Kowalski LP, de Carvalho GB, Costa FD. Orbital melanocytoma completely resected with conservative surgery in association with ipsilateral nevus of Ota: report of a case and review of the literature. Head Neck 2014; 37:E49-55. [PMID: 24989678 DOI: 10.1002/hed.23828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanocytomas are rare pigmented primary lesions of the central nervous system arising from melanocytes of leptomeninges. They occur most frequently in the posterior fossa, Meckel's cave, or along the cervical and thoracic spinal cord. Orbital melanocytomas have been rarely reported. Nevus of Ota is a melanocytic lesion that can be associated with cutaneous and meningeal melanocytic neoplasms. METHODS AND RESULTS We describe a case of an orbital melanocytoma associated with ipsilateral Nevus of Ota. A 28-year-old man presented with proptosis and an ipsilateral congenital facial melanocytic lesion (Nevus of Ota). After imaging evaluation, a retro-orbital mass was discovered. A needle biopsy was performed and the diagnosis of melanocytoma rendered. The patient underwent complete surgical excision of the lesion. CONCLUSION In order to make the correct diagnosis and to choose the appropriate therapy, it is important to be aware of this rare presentation and its association with Nevus of Ota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline C Tregnago
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, A. C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zheng X, Zhuge J, Bezerra SM, Faraj SF, Munari E, Fallon JT, Yang XJ, Argani P, Netto GJ, Zhong M. High frequency of TERT promoter mutation in small cell carcinoma of bladder, but not in small cell carcinoma of other origins. J Hematol Oncol 2014; 7:47. [PMID: 25042800 PMCID: PMC4223615 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-014-0047-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
TERT promoter mutations were recently discovered in melanoma by next generation sequencing. Subsequently, several malignancies including urothelial carcinoma were also found to be associated with the same TERT promoter mutations. Small cell carcinoma (SCC) of the urinary bladder is a rare subtype with an aggressive clinical course. Despite the frequent occurrence of TERT promoter mutations in urothelial carcinoma, the incidence of the mutations in SCC of the urinary bladder is unknown. In addition, as a potential molecular marker to distinguish SCC of the urinary bladder from SCC of the prostate, lung (SCLC) and other origins, this information may be clinically useful. We collected a total of 11 cases of SCC of the urinary bladder (10 cases are primary SCC of the urinary bladder; 1 case has primary SCC of the urinary bladder and liver metastasis). We also included 20 cases of SCLC, 2 cases of SCC of the prostate, 5 cases of Merkel cell carcinoma, and 6 cases of SCC from other sites (cervical, GE junction, breast, and soft tissue). In addition, 3 cases of non-neoplastic tissue from the matched SCC of bladder patient and 14 cases of benign urinary bladder were also included. All tumor sections have been examined to confirm the diagnosis and to make sure more than 20% are of tumor content. Genomic DNA was isolated from FFPE tissue and a fragment of the TERT promoter (145 bp) was amplified by PCR. The TERT promoter mutations are determined by bi-directional Sanger sequencing. All (11/11) SCC of the urinary bladder bear TERT promoter mutation C228T. Neither of SCC from all other origins nor matched non-neoplastic tissue contains the TERT promoter mutations. We demonstrated a high frequency TERT promoter mutation in SCC of the urinary bladder, but not in SCC of other origin, such as the prostate. The findings further illustrate molecular differences between SCC of the urinary bladder and SCC of other origins, despite their shared morphologic and immunophenotypic similarities. The TERT promoter mutation may be a biomarker differentiating SCC of the urinary bladder from SCC of other origins.
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Mauad T, Hajjar LA, Callegari GD, da Silva LFF, Schout D, Galas FRBG, Alves VAF, Malheiros DMAC, Auler JOC, Ferreira AF, Borsato MRL, Bezerra SM, Gutierrez PS, Caldini ETEG, Pasqualucci CA, Dolhnikoff M, Saldiva PHN. Lung pathology in fatal novel human influenza A (H1N1) infection. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2009; 181:72-9. [PMID: 19875682 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200909-1420oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 392] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE There are no reports of the systemic human pathology of the novel swine H1N1 influenza (S-OIV) infection. OBJECTIVES The autopsy findings of 21 Brazilian patients with confirmed S-OIV infection are presented. These patients died in the winter of the southern hemisphere 2009 pandemic, with acute respiratory failure. METHODS Lung tissue was submitted to virologic and bacteriologic analysis with real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and electron microscopy. Expression of toll-like receptor (TLR)-3, IFN-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, CD8(+) T cells and granzyme B(+) cells in the lungs was investigated by immunohistochemistry. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Patients were aged from 1 to 68 years (72% between 30 and 59 yr) and 12 were male. Sixteen patients had preexisting medical conditions. Diffuse alveolar damage was present in 20 individuals. In six patients, diffuse alveolar damage was associated with necrotizing bronchiolitis and in five with extensive hemorrhage. There was also a cytopathic effect in the bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells, as well as necrosis, epithelial hyperplasia, and squamous metaplasia of the large airways. There was marked expression of TLR-3 and IFN-gamma and a large number of CD8(+) T cells and granzyme B(+) cells within the lung tissue. Changes in other organs were mainly secondary to multiple organ failure. CONCLUSIONS Autopsies have shown that the main pathological changes associated with S-OIV infection are localized to the lungs, where three distinct histological patterns can be identified. We also show evidence of ongoing pulmonary aberrant immune response. Our results reinforce the usefulness of autopsy in increasing the understanding of the novel human influenza A (H1N1) infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Mauad
- Department of Pathology, São Paulo University, Brazil.
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Bezerra SM, dos Santos CM, Moreira ED, Krieger EM, Michelini LC. Chronic AT(1) receptor blockade alters autonomic balance and sympathetic responses in hypertension. Hypertension 2001; 38:569-75. [PMID: 11566933 DOI: 10.1161/hy09t1.095393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the coarctation hypertension model, we have shown that chronic treatment with losartan causes both normalization of impaired reflex control of heart rate and partial correction of the depressed aortic nerve activity/pressure relationship, even with the persistence of hypertension. In the present study, we analyzed the effects of angiotensin II blockade on the efferent pathways of coarcted and sham-operated groups treated chronically with vehicle or losartan (10 mg/kg per day PO). Hypertension was induced by subdiaphragmatic aortic coarctation, and the treatments lasted 9 days (4 control and 5 experimental days). On day 5, autoregressive power spectral analysis was performed on heart rate recordings made in conscious rats. Other groups were used for sympathetic splanchnic nerve activity recordings made simultaneously with pressure (anesthetized rats) at basal condition and during loading/unloading of baroreceptors. Losartan treatment induced a significant reduction in basal pressure but did not interfere with the development of hypertension (similar pressure increases of 24% and 28% over control values in losartan and vehicle groups, respectively). In vehicle-treated rats, establishment of hypertension was accompanied by a marked change in power spectral density from high- (1.19+/-0.06 Hz, 33+/-6%) to low-frequency components (0,42+/-0.03 Hz, 54+/-6%), with increased low-frequency-to-high-frequency ratio. When compared with sham-operated vehicle-treated rats, there was also increase in the gain of sympathetic activity/pressure relationship, with displacement of lower plateau toward high levels of sympathetic activity. No changes in the power spectral density and sympathetic activity/pressure relationship were observed when hypertension developed in the presence of chronic angiotensin type 1 (AT(1)) receptor blockade. The data suggest that angiotensin II, activated during the establishment of coarctation hypertension, acts via AT(1) receptors to alter sympathovagal balance, facilitating the sympathetic outflow to heart and peripheral circulation during baroreceptors unloading. Data also indicate that the observed effects are not conditioned by preexisting pressure levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Bezerra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, ICB, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Bezerra
- Department of Dermatology, Pernambuco Federal University, Brazil
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Bezerra
- Department of Dermatology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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