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Ingeborgrud CB, Oerbeck B, Friis S, Pripp AH, Zeiner P, Aase H, Biele G, Dalsgaard S, Overgaard KR. Do maternal anxiety and depressive symptoms predict anxiety in children with and without ADHD at 8 years? Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02374-1. [PMID: 38376613 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02374-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Maternal anxiety and depression during pregnancy and early childhood have been associated with child anxiety and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, previous studies are limited by their short follow-up, few assessments of maternal symptoms, and by not including maternal and child ADHD. The present study aimed to fill these gaps by investigating whether maternal anxiety and depressive symptoms from pregnancy to child age 5 years increase the risk of child anxiety disorders at age 8 years. This study is part of the population-based Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study. Maternal anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed by the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (SCL) six times from pregnancy through early childhood, and ADHD symptoms by the Adult Self-Report Scale (ASRS). At age 8 years (n = 781), symptoms of anxiety disorders and ADHD were assessed, and disorders classified by the Child Symptom Inventory-4. Logistic regression models estimated the risk of child anxiety depending on maternal symptoms. The mothers of children classified with an anxiety disorder (n = 91) scored significantly higher on the SCL (at all time points) and ASRS compared with the other mothers. In univariable analyses, maternal anxiety and/or depression and ADHD were associated with increased risk of child anxiety (odds ratios = 2.99 and 3.64, respectively), remaining significant in the multivariable analysis adjusted for covariates. Our findings link maternal anxiety, depression, and ADHD during pregnancy and early childhood to child anxiety at age 8 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Baalsrud Ingeborgrud
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Blindern, 0315, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Beate Oerbeck
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Svein Friis
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Are Hugo Pripp
- Oslo Centre of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Zeiner
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heidi Aase
- Department of Child Health and Development, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Guido Biele
- Department of Child Health and Development, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Søren Dalsgaard
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Dept. of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Glostrup, Mental Health Services of the Capital Region, Hellerup, Denmark
- School of Business and Social Sciences, National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Kristin Romvig Overgaard
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Overgaard KR, Oerbeck B, Friis S, Pripp AH, Aase H, Biele G, Ingeborgrud CB, Polanczyk GV, Zeiner P. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder from preschool to school age: change and stability of parent and teacher reports. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023; 32:1947-1955. [PMID: 35737107 PMCID: PMC10533600 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-02019-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Identifying attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in pre-schoolers may improve their development if treated, but it is unclear whether ADHD symptoms from this age are stable enough to merit treatment. We aimed to investigate the stability of parent- and teacher-reported ADHD symptoms and ADHD classified above the diagnostic symptom thresholds, including for hyperactivity-impulsivity (HI), inattention and combined presentations from age 3 to 8 years. This study is part of the longitudinal, population-based Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study. At child age 3 years, parents were interviewed and teachers rated ADHD symptoms. At age 8 years, parents (n = 783) and teachers (n = 335) reported ADHD symptoms by the Child Symptom Inventory-4. We found a significant reduction in the mean number of parent-reported ADHD and HI symptoms from age 3 to 8 years, but otherwise similar mean numbers. Parent-reported ADHD symptoms were moderately correlated between ages, while correlations were low for teachers. A total of 77/108 (71%) of the children classified with parent-reported HI presentation at age 3 years were no longer classified within any ADHD presentation at age 8 years, the only clear trend across time for either informant. There was a low to moderate parent-teacher-agreement in the number of reported symptoms, and very low informant agreement for the classified ADHD presentations. Overall, clinicians should exercise caution in communicating concern about HI symptoms in preschool children. Age 3 years may be too early to apply the ADHD diagnostic symptom criteria, especially if parents and teachers are required to agree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Romvig Overgaard
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, P.B. 4959, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Beate Oerbeck
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, P.B. 4959, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Svein Friis
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, P.B. 4959, 0424, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Are Hugo Pripp
- Oslo Centre of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heidi Aase
- Department of Child Health and Development, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Guido Biele
- Department of Child Health and Development, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Guilherme V Polanczyk
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pål Zeiner
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, P.B. 4959, 0424, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Ingeborgrud CB, Oerbeck B, Friis S, Zeiner P, Pripp AH, Aase H, Biele G, Dalsgaard S, Overgaard KR. Anxiety and depression from age 3 to 8 years in children with and without ADHD symptoms. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15376. [PMID: 37717097 PMCID: PMC10505233 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42412-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood anxiety and depressive symptoms may be influenced by symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We investigated whether parent- and teacher-reported anxiety, depressive and ADHD symptoms at age 3 years predicted anxiety disorders and/or depression in children with and without ADHD at age 8 years. This study is part of the longitudinal, population-based Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study. Parents of 3-year-olds were interviewed, and preschool teachers rated symptoms of anxiety disorders, depression and ADHD. At age 8 years (n = 783), Child Symptom Inventory-4 was used to identify children who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for anxiety disorders and/or depression (hereinafter: Anx/Dep), and ADHD. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used. In the univariable analyses, parent-reported anxiety, depressive and ADHD symptoms, and teacher-reported anxiety symptoms at age 3 years all significantly predicted subsequent Anx/Dep. In the multivariable analyses, including co-occurring symptoms at age 3 years and ADHD at 8 years, parent-reported anxiety and depressive symptoms remained significant predictors of subsequent Anx/Dep. At age 3 years, regardless of ADHD symptoms being present, asking parents about anxiety and depressive symptoms, and teachers about anxiety symptoms, may be important to identify children at risk for school-age anxiety disorders and/or depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Baalsrud Ingeborgrud
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, University of Oslo, Pb 1039 Blindern, 0315, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Beate Oerbeck
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Svein Friis
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, University of Oslo, Pb 1039 Blindern, 0315, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Zeiner
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, University of Oslo, Pb 1039 Blindern, 0315, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Are Hugo Pripp
- Oslo Centre of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heidi Aase
- Department of Child Health and Development, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Guido Biele
- Department of Child Health and Development, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Søren Dalsgaard
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Mental Health Services of the Capital Region, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Kristin Romvig Overgaard
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, University of Oslo, Pb 1039 Blindern, 0315, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Overgaard KR, Oerbeck B, Friis S, Pripp AH, Aase H, Biele G, Ingeborgrud CB, Polanczyk GV, Zeiner P. Early and repeated screening detects children with persistent attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023:10.1007/s00787-023-02284-8. [PMID: 37624573 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02284-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Preschool screening of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been found too inaccurate to be clinically useful. This may be due to the known instability of ADHD symptoms from preschool onwards, and the use of a single screening only. We hypothesized that by identifying a group of children with persistent ADHD from preschool to school age and repeating the screening, the clinical usefulness of screening would increase. This study is part of the prospective longitudinal, population-based Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study, with a diagnostic parent interview at 3.5 years and follow-up with parent questionnaires at ages 5 and 8 years (n = 707). We identified a group classified with ADHD at all three time points (persistent ADHD). We then used the Child Behavior Checklist ADHD DSM-oriented scale at ages 3.5 and 5 years to investigate the accuracies of single- and two-stage screening at different thresholds to identify children with persistent ADHD. About 30% of the children were classified with ADHD at least once across time (at ages 3.5, 5, and/or 8 years), but only 4% (n = 30) had persistent ADHD. At all thresholds, the two-stage screening identified children with persistent ADHD more accurately than single screening, mainly due to a substantial reduction in false positives. Only a small group of children were classified with persistent ADHD from preschool to school age, underlining that future screening studies should distinguish this group from those with fluctuating symptoms when estimating screening accuracies. We recommend a two-stage screening process to reduce false positives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Romvig Overgaard
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, PO box 4959, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Beate Oerbeck
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, PO box 4959, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Svein Friis
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, PO box 4959, 0424, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Are Hugo Pripp
- Oslo Centre of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heidi Aase
- Department of Child Health and Development, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Guido Biele
- Department of Child Health and Development, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Guilherme V Polanczyk
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Department of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pål Zeiner
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, PO box 4959, 0424, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Gohar SM, Hegelstad WTV, Auestad B, Haahr UH, Joa I, Johannessen JO, Larsen TK, Opjordsmoen S, Rund BR, Røssberg JI, Simonsen E, Friis S, Melle I. Association between early suicidal trajectories in first-episode psychosis and 10-year follow-up: TIPS registry-linked study. Lancet Psychiatry 2023; 10:528-536. [PMID: 37353264 DOI: 10.1016/s2215-0366(23)00156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the risk of suicidality is high in first-episode psychosis, patterns and individual variability in suicidal thoughts and behaviours over time are under-researched. We aimed to identify early trajectories of suicidality over a 2-year follow-up, assess their baseline predictors, and explore associations between those trajectories and later suicidality. METHODS This longitudinal follow-up study was a part of the Early Treatment and Intervention in Psychosis (TIPS)study. Participants, linked to Norwegian and Danish death registries, were recruited from four catchment areas (665 000 inhabitants) in Norway and Denmark (both inpatient and outpatient). We included participants aged 15-65 years, with an intelligence quotient of more than 70, willing to give informed consent, and with a first episode of active psychotic symptoms. Individuals with comorbid neurological or endocrinal disorders, or those with contraindications to antipsychotics, were excluded. Growth mixture modelling was used to identify trajectories of suicidal thoughts and behaviours over the first 2 years. Multinomial logistic regression was applied to examine the baseline predictors of those trajectories and their associations with suicidality at 10-year follow-up. FINDINGS A total of 301 participants were recruited from Jan 1, 1997, to Dec 31, 2000. Of the 299 with completed suicidality data at baseline, 271 participated in 1-year follow-up, 250 in 2-year follow-up, 201 in 5-year follow-up, and 186 at 10-year follow-up. At baseline, 176 (58%) were male, 125 (42%) were female. The mean age was 27·80 years (SD 9·64; range 15-63). 280 (93%) participants were of Scandinavian origin. Four trajectories over 2 years were identified: stable non-suicidal (217 [72%]), stable suicidal ideation (45 [15%]), decreasing suicidal thoughts and behaviours (21 [7%]), and worsening suicidal thoughts and behaviours (18 [6%]). A longer duration of untreated psychosis (odds ratio [OR] 1·24, 95% CI 1·02-1·50, p=0·033), poorer premorbid childhood social adjustment (1·33, 1·01-1·73, p=0·039), more severe depression (1·10, 1·02-1·20, p=0·016), and substance use (2·33, 1·21-4·46, p=0·011) at baseline predicted a stable suicidal ideation trajectory. Individuals in the stable suicidal ideation trajectory tended to have suicidal thoughts and behaviours at 10-year follow-up (3·12, 1·33-7·25, p=0·008). Individuals with a worsening suicidal trajectory were at a higher risk of death by suicide between 2 and 10 years (7·58, 1·53-37·62, p=0·013). INTERPRETATION Distinct suicidal trajectories in first-episode psychosis were associated with specific predictors at baseline and distinct patterns of suicidality over time. Our findings call for early and targeted interventions for at-risk individuals with persistent suicidal ideation or deteriorating patterns of suicidal thoughts and behaviours, or both. FUNDING Health West, Norway; the Norwegian National Research Council; the Norwegian Department of Health and Social Affairs; the National Council for Mental Health and Health and Rehabilitation; the Theodore and Vada Stanley Foundation; the Regional Health Research Foundation for Eastern Region, Denmark; Roskilde County, Helsefonden, Lundbeck Pharma; Eli Lilly; Janssen-Cilag Pharmaceuticals, Denmark; a National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression Distinguished Investigator Award and The National Institute of Mental Health grant; a National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia & Depression Young Investigator Award from The Brain & Behavior Research Foundation; Health South East; Health West; and the Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif M Gohar
- The Early Treatment and Intervention in Psychosis Study (TIPS) Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Network for Medical Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Wenche Ten Velden Hegelstad
- The Early Treatment and Intervention in Psychosis Study (TIPS) Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway; Department of Social Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Bjørn Auestad
- Research Department, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway; Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Ulrik Helt Haahr
- Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Inge Joa
- The Early Treatment and Intervention in Psychosis Study (TIPS) Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Network for Medical Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Jan Olav Johannessen
- The Early Treatment and Intervention in Psychosis Study (TIPS) Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Network for Medical Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Tor Ketil Larsen
- The Early Treatment and Intervention in Psychosis Study (TIPS) Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway; Institute of Psychiatry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stein Opjordsmoen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Rishovd Rund
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
| | - Jan Ivar Røssberg
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erik Simonsen
- Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Slagelse, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Svein Friis
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Ottesen A, T. V. Hegelstad W, Joa I, Opjordsmoen SE, Rund BR, Røssberg JI, Simonsen E, Johannessen JO, Larsen TK, Haahr UH, McGlashan TH, Friis S, Melle I. Childhood trauma, antipsychotic medication, and symptom remission in first-episode psychosis. Psychol Med 2023; 53:2399-2408. [PMID: 37144963 PMCID: PMC10123824 DOI: 10.1017/s003329172100427x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To what extent psychotic symptoms in first-episode psychosis (FEP) with a history of childhood interpersonal trauma (CIT) are less responsive to antipsychotic medication is not known. In this longitudinal study, we compare symptom trajectories and remission over the first 2 years of treatment in FEP with and without CIT and examine if differences are linked to the use of antipsychotics. METHODS FEP (N = 191) were recruited from in- and outpatient services 1997-2000, and assessed at baseline, 3 months, 1 and 2 years. Inclusion criteria were 15-65 years, actively psychotic with a DSM-IV diagnosis of psychotic disorder and no previous adequate treatment for psychosis. Antipsychotic medication is reported as defined daily dosage (DDD). CIT (<18) was assessed with the Brief Betrayal Trauma Survey, and symptomatic remission based on scores from the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. RESULTS CIT (n = 63, 33%) was not associated with symptomatic remission at 2 years follow-up (71% in remission, 14% in relapse), or time to first remission (CIT 12/ no-CIT 9 weeks, p = 0.51). Those with CIT had significantly more severe positive, depressive, and excited symptoms. FEP with physical (N = 39, 20%) or emotional abuse (N = 22, 14, 7%) had higher DDD at 1 year (p < 0.05). Mean DDD did not excerpt a significant between-group effect on symptom trajectories of positive symptoms. CONCLUSION Results indicate that antipsychotic medication is equally beneficial in the achievement of symptomatic remission in FEP after 2 years independent of CIT. Still, FEP patients with CIT had more severe positive, depressive, and excited symptoms throughout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiah Ottesen
- NORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies, Oslo, Norway
| | - W. T. V. Hegelstad
- TIPS Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Social Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Inge Joa
- TIPS Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Faculty of Health, Network for Medical Sciences, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Stein E. Opjordsmoen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Rishovd Rund
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
| | - Jan Ivar Røssberg
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erik Simonsen
- Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Slagelse, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan Olav Johannessen
- TIPS Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Faculty of Health, Network for Medical Sciences, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Tor K. Larsen
- TIPS Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ulrik Helt Haahr
- Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Slagelse, Denmark
| | | | - Svein Friis
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- NORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Ruud T, Friis S. Continuity of care and therapeutic relationships as critical elements in acute psychiatric care. World Psychiatry 2022; 21:241-242. [PMID: 35524593 PMCID: PMC9077600 DOI: 10.1002/wps.20966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Torleif Ruud
- Division of Mental Health Services, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Clinic of Health Services Research and Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo, Norway
| | - Svein Friis
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Department of Research and Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Biele G, Lekhal R, Overgaard KR, Vaage Wang M, Eek Brandlistuen R, Friis S, Zeiner P. The effect of special educational assistance in early childhood education and care on psycho-social difficulties in elementary school children. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2022; 16:14. [PMID: 35209931 PMCID: PMC8876084 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-022-00442-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three to seven percent of pre-schoolers have developmental problems or child psychiatric disorders. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) indicate that interventions in early childhood education and care (ECEC) improve long-term outcomes of children from disadvantaged backgrounds. It is unknown if such effects generalize beyond the well-structured context of RCTs and to children who may not have a disadvantaged background but have developmental problems or psychiatric disorders. METHODS We used data from the population-based Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study, recruiting pregnant women from 1999 to 2009, with child follow-up from ages 6, 18, and 36 months to ages 5, 7, and 8 years. This sub-study included 2499 children with developmental problems or psychiatric disorders at age five. We investigated the effects of special educational assistance at age five on mother-reported internalizing, externalizing, and communication problems at age eight. We analysed bias due to treatment by indication with directed acyclic graphs, adjusted for treatment predictors to reduce bias, and estimated effects in different patient groups and outcome domains with a hierarchical Bayesian model. RESULTS In the adjusted analysis, pre-schoolers who received special educational assistance had on average by 0.1 (0.04-0.16) standardised mean deviation fewer psycho-social difficulties in elementary school. CONCLUSION In a sample of children from mostly higher socioeconomic backgrounds we estimate a positive effects of special educational assistance during the transition from preschool to the school years. It may therefore be considered as an intervention for pre-schoolers with developmental or behaviour problems. More research with improved measurements of treatment and outcomes is needed to solidify the findings and identify success factors for the implementation of special educational assistance in ECEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Biele
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Marcus Thranes gate 6, 0473, Oslo, Norway. .,Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ratib Lekhal
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Mari Vaage Wang
- grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Marcus Thranes gate 6, 0473 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ragnhild Eek Brandlistuen
- grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Marcus Thranes gate 6, 0473 Oslo, Norway
| | - Svein Friis
- grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Zeiner
- grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Biele G, Overgaard KR, Friis S, Zeiner P, Aase H. Cognitive, emotional, and social functioning of preschoolers with attention deficit hyperactivity problems. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:78. [PMID: 35105343 PMCID: PMC8808769 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03638-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with deficits in different functional domains. It remains unclear if deficits in different domains are equally strong in early childhood, and which deficits are specific to ADHD. Here, we describe functional domains in preschoolers and assess deficits in children with ADHD problems, by comparing them to preschoolers with other mental health problems or who develop typically. METHODS The ADHD Study assessed 1195 ca. 3.5 years old preschoolers through a semi-structured parent interview, parent questionnaires, and with neuropsychological tests. We determined functional domains by applying factor analytic methods to a broad set of questionnaire- and test-scales. Using resulting factor scores, we employed a Bayesian hierarchical regression to estimate functional deficits in children with ADHD. RESULTS We found that preschoolers' functioning could be described along the seven relatively independent dimensions activity level and regulation, executive function, cognition, language, emotion regulation, introversion, and sociability. Compared to typically developing preschoolers, those with ADHD had deficits in all domains except introversion and sociability. Only deficits in activity level regulation and executive functions were larger than 0.5 standardised mean deviations and larger than deficits of children with other mental health problems. CONCLUSIONS Preschoolers with ADHD have deficits in multiple functional domains, but only impairments in activity level and regulation and executive functions are specific for ADHD and large enough to be clinically significant. Research on functioning in these domains will be important for understanding the development of ADHD, and for improving treatment and prevention approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Biele
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
| | | | - Svein Friis
- grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pal Zeiner
- grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heidi Aase
- grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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10
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Friis S, Kåresen R, Moksnes KM, Ystad Y. Frode Larsen. Tidsskriftet 2022. [DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.21.0872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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11
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Overgaard KR, Oerbeck B, Friis S, Pripp AH, Aase H, Zeiner P. Predictive validity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder from ages 3 to 5 Years. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2022; 31:1-10. [PMID: 33677627 PMCID: PMC9343262 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-021-01750-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We investigated to what extent parent-rated attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and impairment at age 3 years predicted elevated ADHD symptoms at age 5 years, and whether teacher-rated ADHD symptoms improved these predictions. This study is part of the longitudinal, population-based Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study. Parents of 3-year-old children (n = 1195) were interviewed about ADHD and impairment, and teachers rated child ADHD symptoms by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire or the Early Childhood Inventory-4. At 5 years of age, the children (n = 957) were classified as ADHD-positive or -negative using Conners' Parent Rating Scale. Relying solely on parent-rated ADHD or impairment at age 3 years did moderately well in identifying children with persistent elevation of ADHD symptoms, but gave many false positives (positive predictive values (PPVs): .40-.57). A small group of children (n = 20, 13 boys) scored above cut-off on both parent-rated ADHD and impairment, and teacher-rated ADHD symptoms, although adding teacher-rated ADHD symptoms slightly weakened the predictive power for girls. For this small group, PPVs were .76 for boys and .64 for girls. Limiting follow-up to these few children will miss many children at risk for ADHD. Therefore, we recommend close monitoring also of children with parent-reported ADHD symptoms and/or impairment to avoid delay in providing interventions. Clinicians should also be aware that teachers may miss ADHD symptoms in preschool girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Romvig Overgaard
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Pb. 4959 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway. .,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Beate Oerbeck
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Pb. 4959 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Svein Friis
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Pb. 4959 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway ,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Are Hugo Pripp
- Oslo Centre of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heidi Aase
- Department of Child Health and Development, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Zeiner
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Pb. 4959 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway ,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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12
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Bjartveit M, Friis S, Hagemo E, Sandvand OJ. Egil Wilhelm Martinsen. Tidsskriftet 2022. [DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.22.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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13
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Vaskinn A, Sundet K, Melle I, Andreassen OA, Friis S. The factor structure of social cognition in schizophrenia: Weak evidence for separable domains. Schizophr Res Cogn 2021; 26:100208. [PMID: 34430229 PMCID: PMC8369474 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2021.100208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the factor structure of social cognition in a Norwegian sample of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia (n = 83). Eight variables from three social cognitive tests from three theoretical domains were included: emotion processing, social perception and theory of mind. Factor analysis with maximum likelihood extraction and oblique rotation resulted in two factors using Kaiser's criterion. Although the two-factor model had better fit than a unifactorial model, it did not represent the data well. Two social cognitive variables did not load on either factor. The two extracted factors did not correspond to an expected distinction between low and high level of processing or between affective and cognitive processes. A non-negligible number of nonredundant residuals between observed and computed correlations suggested poor model fit. In conclusion, this study failed to identify separable dimensions of social cognition in spite of including measures from different theoretical domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Vaskinn
- Centre for Research and Education in Forensic Psychiatry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Corresponding author at: Oslo University Hospital, Division Mental Health and Addiction, Centre for Research and Education in Forensic Psychiatry, PO Box 4956 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Kjetil Sundet
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Psychosis Research Section, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Psychosis Research Section, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Svein Friis
- Department of Research and Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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14
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Overgaard KR, Oerbeck B, Wagner K, Friis S, Øhre B, Zeiner P. Youth with hearing loss: Emotional and behavioral problems and quality of life. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 145:110718. [PMID: 33887550 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2021.110718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare parent- and self-reported emotional and behavioral problems and quality of life (QoL) among youth with hearing loss (HL) to norms, and to investigate possible associations between emotional and behavioral problems and QoL among youth with HL. METHODS We used the Strengths and Difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) and the Inventory of Life Quality in Children and Adolescents (ILC) to measure emotional and behavioral problems and QoL in youth with HL (n = 317, ages 6-18), where 78% had bilateral HL, 22% unilateral HL, 16% had cochlear implants, and 59% conventional hearing aids. RESULTS The youth with HL had significantly more parent-reported (but not self-reported) emotional and behavioral problems and poorer parent- and self-reported QoL than hearing youth. SDQ and ILC total scores were significantly correlated (-0.47 to -0.63). Conclusion Emotional and behavioral problems and poor QoL appear closely related in youth with HL, suggesting that attending to these problems may improve QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Romvig Overgaard
- Oslo University Hospital, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Department of Research and Innovation, Norway; University of Oslo, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Norway.
| | - Beate Oerbeck
- Oslo University Hospital, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Department of Research and Innovation, Norway
| | - Karine Wagner
- Oslo University Hospital, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Norwegian National Unit for Hearing Impairment and Mental Health, Norway
| | - Svein Friis
- Oslo University Hospital, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Department of Research and Innovation, Norway; University of Oslo, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Norway
| | - Beate Øhre
- Oslo University Hospital, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Norwegian National Unit for Hearing Impairment and Mental Health, Norway
| | - Pål Zeiner
- Oslo University Hospital, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Department of Research and Innovation, Norway; University of Oslo, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Norway
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15
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Abstract
Community-based mental healthcare in Norway consists of local community mental health centres (CMHCs) collaborating with general practitioners and primary mental healthcare in the municipalities, and with psychiatrists and psychologists working in private practices. The CMHCs were developed from the 1980s to give a broad range of comprehensive mental health services in local catchment areas. The CMHCs have outpatient clinics, mobile teams, and inpatient wards. They serve the larger group of patients needing specialized mental healthcare, and they also collaborate with the hospital-based mental health services. Both CMHCs and hospitals are operated by 19 health trusts with public funding. Increasing resources in community-based mental healthcare was a major aim in a national plan for mental health between 1999 and 2008. The number of beds has decreased in CMHCs the last decade, while there has been an increase in mobile teams including crisis resolution teams (CRTs), early intervention teams for psychosis and assertive community treatment teams (ACT teams). Team-based care for mental health problems is also part of primary care, including care for patients with severe mental illnesses. Involuntary inpatient admissions mainly take place at hospitals, but CMHCs may continue such admissions and give community treatment orders for involuntary treatment in the community. The increasing specialization of mental health services are considered to have improved services. However, this may also have resulted in more fragmented services and less continuity of care from service providers whom the patients know and trust. This can be a particular problem for patients with severe mental illnesses. As the outcomes of routine mental health services are usually not measured, the effects of community-based mental care for the patients and their families, are mostly unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torleif Ruud
- Division of Mental Health Services, Akershus University Hospital
- Clinic of Health Services Research and Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo
| | - Svein Friis
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Department of Research and Innovation, Oslo University Hospital
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod H. Srihari
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New
Haven, Conn
| | - Sinan Guloksuz
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New
Haven, Conn
| | - Svein Friis
- Department of Research and Development, Division of Mental Health
and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo
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17
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Friis S, Melle I, McGlashan TH. Symptom remission at 12-weeks is a strong predictor for long term outcome. Psychol Med 2020; 50:2464. [PMID: 31814559 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719003465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Svein Friis
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT K.G Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas H McGlashan
- Department of Social and Behavioral Health, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
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18
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Bendiksen B, Aase H, Diep LM, Svensson E, Friis S, Zeiner P. The Associations Between Pre- and Postnatal Maternal Symptoms of Distress and Preschooler's Symptoms of ADHD, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Conduct Disorder, and Anxiety. J Atten Disord 2020; 24:1057-1069. [PMID: 26647350 DOI: 10.1177/1087054715616185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this article is to examine the associations between pre- and postnatal maternal distress and preschooler's symptoms of ADHD, Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), Conduct Disorder (CD), and anxiety, by timing and gender. Method: Children, aged 3.5 years (N = 1,195), recruited from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study, were assessed with a semistructured parental psychiatric interview. Perinatal maternal symptoms of distress were assessed by Symptom Checklist (SCL-5); Poisson regression was used to examine the associations. Results: Mid-gestational maternal distress significantly increased the average number of child symptoms, ranging between 3.8% for ADHD hyperactive-impulsive (ADHD-HI) and 8.7% for anxiety. The combination of high maternal scores of distress both pre- and postnatally were associated with increased risk of child symptoms of anxiety (relative risk [RR] = 2.10; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.43, 3.07]), CD (RR = 1.83; 95% CI = [1.33, 2.51]), and ODD (RR = 1.30; 95% CI = [1.03, 1.64]), with minor sex differences. Conclusion: Maternal distress during mid-gestation was associated with ADHD, behavioral, and emotional symptoms in preschool children. Continued exposure into the postnatal period may further increase these risk associations .
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heidi Aase
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lien My Diep
- Oslo University Hospital, Norway.,University of Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Svein Friis
- Oslo University Hospital, Norway.,University of Oslo, Norway
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19
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Melle I, Friis S, Haahr U, Johannesen JO, Larsen TK, Opjordsmoen S, Roessberg JI, Rund BR, Simonsen E, Vaglum P, McGlashan T. Measuring quality of life in first-episode psychosis. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 20:474-83. [PMID: 15967642 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2005.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2005] [Accepted: 03/21/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractQuality of life (QoL) measures are increasingly recognized as necessary parts of outcome assessments in psychosis. The present paper is a comprehensive study of patients with first-episode psychosis where QoL is measured by the commonly used Lehman Quality of Life Interview (L-QoLI). The aim is to examine if the L-QoLI maintain its original structure when used in a group of patients with first-episode psychosis, and to investigate what determines global subjective QoL with a specific emphasis on premorbid adjustment, duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) and clinical symptoms. The study indicates that the psychometric properties of the L-QoLI do not change significantly when used in first-episode samples. The patients report subjective and objective QoL in the fair to good range, with only a moderate association between the objective and subjective measures. Poor global satisfaction is predicted by being single, abusing drugs, being depressed, having a diagnosis of psychotic affective disorder, having poor premorbid social adjustment and DUP over 10 weeks. The study supports the notion that patients with first-episode psychosis construct QoL in the same way as other groups, and that longer durations of compromised function at this stage produces poor satisfaction with life rather than a downward readjustment of expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Melle
- Department of Research and Education, Division of Psychiatry, Ullevål University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway.
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20
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Bakken T, Martinsen H, Friis S, Lovoll S, Eilertsen D. FC02-04 - Assessment of schizophrenia in adults with intellectual disability and autism - an empirical study. Eur Psychiatry 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73522-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionIn adults with intellectual disability and autism, psychosis is rarely detected due to misinterpretation of psychotic symptoms being autism or idiosyncratic communication. The patients can poorly communicate the delusions and hallucinations they experience. Observable indicators are therefore necessary.ObjectivesTo establish reliable and valid behavioural indicators of psychosis in adults with intellectual disability and autism.AimsThe aim was to investigate behavioural indicators of psychosis in adults with intellectual disability and autism.MethodsForty-three patients with intellectual disability and autism from a hospital-based study were recruited. Eight of these patients were assessed as having schizophrenia-like psychosis. They were further examined through a case-report study. Both statistical analysis and data from the case reports were included. Case report data were compared with scores from a validation study of the Psychopathology in Autism Checklist, PAC.ResultsBehavioural disorganisation, severe decreased global functioning, suspected hallucinations and decreased sociability were observed in the eight psychotic patients. The level of disorganisation was significantly higher in the psychotic patients than in the non-psychotic patients - this included patients with “plain” autism. Adequate treatment significantly decreased the level of disorganised behaviour.ConclusionsDisorganised behaviour, occurring concurrent with disorganised speech, severe decreased global functioning, suspected hallucinations and negative symptoms, were found to be reliable and valid indicators of psychosis.
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21
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Faerden A, Nesvåg R, Barrett EA, Agartz I, Finset A, Friis S, Rossberg JI, Melle I. Assessing apathy: The use of the Apathy Evaluation Scale in first episode psychosis. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 23:33-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2007.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2007] [Revised: 08/31/2007] [Accepted: 09/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundRecently there has been a renewed interest in defining the boundaries and subdomains of the negative syndrome in schizophrenia and new scales have been asked for. Apathy is one of the symptoms in focus. The Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES) with its clinical version (AES-C) is one of the most used scales in an interdisciplinary context, but it has never previously been used in a population with first episode psychosis. The main aims of this study were to examine the psychometric properties of the AES-C and its relationship to the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).MethodsA total of 104 patients with first episode psychosis from the ongoing Thematic Organized Psychosis Research (TOP) study were included.ResultsA factor analysis of the AES-C identified three subscales: Apathy, Insight and Social Contacts. Only the Apathy subscale showed satisfactory psychometric properties and showed acceptable convergent and discriminate properties by correlating strongly with the apathy-related items of the PANSS.ConclusionsThis study shows that the AES-C measures more than one dimension. The main factor, the Apathy subscale, can however be used to assess apathy in first episode psychosis patients in the ongoing work of refining the subdomains of the negative syndrome.
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22
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Wedervang-Resell K, Friis S, Lonning V, Smelror RE, Johannessen C, Reponen EJ, Lyngstad SH, Lekva T, Aukrust P, Ueland T, Andreassen OA, Agartz I, Myhre AM. Increased interleukin 18 activity in adolescents with early-onset psychosis is associated with cortisol and depressive symptoms. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020; 112:104513. [PMID: 31761332 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.104513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evidence indicates that the pathophysiology of adult psychosis involves immune dysregulation, but its associations with stress are often not considered. The inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-18, which is elevated in adult schizophrenia, is suggested to be sensitive to stress. We compared the associations of IL-18 with cortisol and clinical variables in adolescents with early-onset psychosis (EOP) aged 12-18 years and age-matched healthy controls (HC). METHOD We measured serum IL-18, IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP), IL-18 receptor accessory protein (IL-18RAP), IL-18 receptor 1 (IL-18R1) and cortisol, and calculated the IL-18/IL-18BP ratio in patients (n = 31) and HC (n = 60). Psychotic symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and depressive symptoms by the Mood and Feelings Questionnaire-Child version (MFQ-C). Bivariate correlation analysis was used to explore relationships between IL-18/IL-18BP ratio and cortisol, depression and other clinical characteristics. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess their individual contributions to the variance of the IL-18/IL-18BP ratio. RESULTS Patients had significantly higher IL-18 levels and IL-18/IL-18BP ratios than HC, but similar IL-18BP, IL-18RAP and IL-18R1. Both cortisol (R2 change = 0.05) and the MFQ-C score (R2 change = 0.09) contributed significantly to the variance in IL-18/IL-18BP ratios after controlling for confounders. CONCLUSION We found increased IL-18 system activity in adolescents with EOP. Cortisol and depressive symptoms each contributed to the variance in the IL-18/IL-18BP ratio. Our findings support activation of inflammatory pathways in adolescent psychosis and suggest interactions between stress, inflammation and depressive symptoms in EOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Wedervang-Resell
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Department of Psychiatric Research and Development, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Svein Friis
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Department of Psychiatric Research and Development, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vera Lonning
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Runar E Smelror
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Cecilie Johannessen
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elina J Reponen
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Siv H Lyngstad
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tove Lekva
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thor Ueland
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anne M Myhre
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Department of Psychiatric Research and Development, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
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23
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Wedervang-Resell K, Friis S, Lonning V, Smelror RE, Johannessen C, Agartz I, Ulven SM, Holven KB, Andreassen OA, Myhre AM. Lipid alterations in adolescents with early-onset psychosis may be independent of antipsychotic medication. Schizophr Res 2020; 216:295-301. [PMID: 31791814 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dyslipidemia and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) are cardiovascular risk factors prevalent in patients with psychosis. Whether these factors are intrinsic or affected by lifestyle or antipsychotic medication (AP) is unclear. Therefore, we investigated lipid profiles, HOMA-IR, and psychotic phenotypes in patients aged 12-18 years with early-onset psychosis (EOP) with and without AP exposure. METHOD We measured fasting total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), triglycerides (TG), insulin, and glucose in patients with EOP (n = 39) and healthy controls (HC) (n = 66). Diet information was not available. Negative symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). We used univariate analysis of variance to compare TC/HDL-C ratios and TG and HOMA-IR values, controlling for body mass index (BMI) and AP exposure. We assessed the explained variance of having EOP using multiple regression analysis. RESULTS Patients with and without AP exposure had significantly higher TC/HDL-C (p = 0.003, p = 0.029) and TG values (p < 0.001, p = 0.021) than HC. Significantly increased HOMA-IR scores were found only in AP-exposed patients (p = 0.037). EOP significantly increased the explained variance for TC/HDL-C and TG, but not for HOMA-IR. Patients with a PANSS negative score > 21 had significantly higher levels of TG than those with low scores (p = 0.032). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that lipid alterations predate AP treatment in adolescents with EOP. Higher levels of negative symptoms and AP further increase metabolic risk. The preliminary findings propose that subclinical dyslipidemia may be intrinsic to EOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Wedervang-Resell
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Department of Psychiatric Research and Development, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Svein Friis
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Department of Psychiatric Research and Development, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vera Lonning
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Runar E Smelror
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Cecilie Johannessen
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stine M Ulven
- Department of Nutrition, Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1046, 0317 Blindern, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kirsten B Holven
- Department of Nutrition, Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1046, 0317 Blindern, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne M Myhre
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Department of Psychiatric Research and Development, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
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24
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Ferrara M, Guloksuz S, Li F, Burke S, Tek C, Friis S, Ten Velden Hegelstad W, Joa I, Johannessen JO, Melle I, Simonsen E, Srihari VH. Parsing the impact of early detection on duration of untreated psychosis (DUP): Applying quantile regression to data from the Scandinavian TIPS study. Schizophr Res 2019; 210:128-134. [PMID: 31204063 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolonged duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) is associated with poor outcomes. The TIPS study halved DUP with an early detection (ED) campaign; however, conventional statistical analyses, focused on mean estimates, failed to reveal the effects of ED across the full DUP distribution, restricting inferences about ED's effectiveness. Utilizing a novel quantile regression based analysis, we examined the differential impact of ED across DUP. Secondary analysis explored possible predictors of DUP, and moderators of the effect of the campaign. METHODS The TIPS ED campaign was conducted in two health care sectors in Norway, with two equivalent health care sectors serving as controls. Quantile regression analysis was performed to analyze ED campaign's effect. RESULTS 281 patients with first episode psychosis were recruited, including 141 from the ED area. ED had no effect on the first quartile (Q1) of DUP, whereas a significant reduction in Q2 (11weeks), and Q3 (41weeks) of DUP was observed. The effect of ED was significantly stronger on reducing Q3 than Q1 or Q2, suggesting that the campaign was more effective in longer DUP samples. Male gender and single status predicted longer DUP in Q3: by 38 and 27weeks, respectively. Single status, but not gender, emerged as a significant moderator of ED campaign effect. CONCLUSIONS Quantile regression provided in depth information about the non-uniformity, and moderators, of TIPS's ED effort across the full distribution of DUP, demonstrating the value of this analytic approach to re-examine prior, and plan analyses for future, early detection efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ferrara
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT, USA; Dipartimento di Salute Mentale e Dipendenze Patologiche, AUSL Modena, viale Muratori 201, 41121 Modena, Italy.
| | - Sinan Guloksuz
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Fangyong Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale University Center for Science and Social Science Information, PO Box 208111, 06520 New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Shadie Burke
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Cenk Tek
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Svein Friis
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Postbox 1039, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Postbox 1171, Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Wenche Ten Velden Hegelstad
- Center for Clinical Psychosis Research, TIPS, Stavanger University Hospital, PO Box 8600, 4036 Stavanger, Norway; Network for Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health, PO Box 8600, 4036 Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Inge Joa
- Center for Clinical Psychosis Research, TIPS, Stavanger University Hospital, PO Box 8600, 4036 Stavanger, Norway; Network for Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health, PO Box 8600, 4036 Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Jan Olav Johannessen
- Center for Clinical Psychosis Research, TIPS, Stavanger University Hospital, PO Box 8600, 4036 Stavanger, Norway; Network for Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health, PO Box 8600, 4036 Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Ingrid Melle
- NORMENT K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, Building 49, P.O. Box 4956, Nydalen, N-0424, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Erik Simonsen
- Psychiatric Research Unit, Faelledvej 8, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
| | - Vinod H Srihari
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT, USA.
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25
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Overgaard KR, Oerbeck B, Friis S, Biele G, Pripp AH, Aase H, Zeiner P. Screening with an ADHD-specific rating scale in preschoolers: A cross-cultural comparison of the Early Childhood Inventory-4. Psychol Assess 2019; 31:985-994. [PMID: 30958025 DOI: 10.1037/pas0000722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The Early Childhood Inventory-4 (ECI-4) Hyperactivity-Impulsivity (HI) and Inattention (IA) subscales are screeners for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). There have been few studies of the screening properties of these subscales, particularly outside the United States. We investigated the classification accuracy of the parent and teacher versions of the HI and IA subscales and the cross-cultural validity of the cutoff values based on norms from a United States sample. The present study was part of the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study. Parents and teachers rated boys (n = 332) and girls (n = 319) with the ECI-4 (mean Age 3.5 years). Interviewers who were blind to the ratings used the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment Interview to assign ADHD diagnoses. The ECI-4 HI and IA subscales showed acceptable accuracy in identifying ADHD in boys and girls (areas under the curve ranged from .67 to .85). In a multivariate regression analysis, the parent and teacher HI subscale scores significantly contributed to ADHD identification, but not the IA subscale scores. To achieve the necessary sensitivity to detect children with ADHD, lower cutoff levels than those specified by the United States ECI-4 norms were needed. For screening purposes, the parent and teacher ECI-4 showed acceptable accuracy in identifying preschoolers at risk for ADHD, and it may be sufficient to use the HI subscale scores. The suggested cutoff values provided by the United States ECI-4 norms had limited cross-cultural validity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Are Hugo Pripp
- Oslo Centre of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital
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26
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Weibell MA, Johannessen JO, Auestad B, Bramness J, Brønnick K, Haahr U, Joa I, Larsen TK, Melle I, Opjordsmoen S, Rund BR, Røssberg JI, Simonsen E, Vaglum P, Stain H, Friis S, Hegelstad WTV. Early Substance Use Cessation Improves Cognition-10 Years Outcome in First-Episode Psychosis Patients. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:495. [PMID: 31354551 PMCID: PMC6640174 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cognitive impairment may be a risk factor for, as well as a consequence of, psychosis. Non-remitting symptoms, premorbid functioning, level of education, and socioeconomic background are known correlates. A possible confounder of these associations is substance use, which is common among patients with psychosis and linked to worse clinical outcomes. Studies however show mixed results for the effect of substance use on cognitive outcomes. In this study, the long-term associations of substance use with cognition in a representative sample of first-episode psychosis patients were examined. Methods: The sample consisted of 195 patients. They were assessed for symptom levels, function, and neurocognition at 1, 2, 5, and 10 years after first treatment. Test scores were grouped into factor analysis-based indices: motor speed, verbal learning, visuomotor processing, verbal fluency, and executive functioning. A standardized composite score of all tests was also used. Patients were divided into four groups based on substance-use patterns during the first 2 years of treatment: persistent users, episodic users, stop-users, and nonusers. Data were analyzed using linear mixed effects modeling. Results: Gender, premorbid academic functioning, and previous education were the strongest predictors of cognitive trajectories. However, on motor speed and verbal learning indices, patients who stopped using substances within the first 2 years of follow-up improved over time, whereas the other groups did not. For verbal fluency, the longitudinal course was parallel for all four groups, while patients who stopped using substances demonstrated superior performances compared with nonusers. Persistent users demonstrated impaired visuomotor processing speed compared with nonusers. Within the stop- and episodic use groups, patients with narrow schizophrenia diagnoses performed worse compared with patients with other diagnoses on verbal learning and on the overall composite neurocognitive index. Discussion: This study is one of very few long-term studies on cognitive impairments in first-episode psychosis focusing explicitly on substance use. Early cessation of substance use was associated with less cognitive impairment and some improvement over time on some cognitive measures, indicating a milder illness course and superior cognitive reserves to draw from in recovering from psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Weibell
- TIPS Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Division of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Faculty of Health, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Jan Olav Johannessen
- TIPS Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Division of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Faculty of Health, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Bjørn Auestad
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.,Research Department, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Jørgen Bramness
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorder, Innland Hospital Trust, Hamar, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kolbjørn Brønnick
- TIPS Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Division of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Ulrik Haahr
- Research Department, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Inge Joa
- TIPS Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Division of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Faculty of Health, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Tor Ketil Larsen
- TIPS Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Division of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Institute of Psychiatry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stein Opjordsmoen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Rishovd Rund
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
| | - Jan Ivar Røssberg
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erik Simonsen
- Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Slagelse, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per Vaglum
- Department of Behavioural Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Helen Stain
- School of Social and Health Sciences, Leeds Trinity University, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Svein Friis
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Wenche Ten Velden Hegelstad
- TIPS Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Division of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
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Starhof C, Winge K, Heegaard NHH, Skogstrand K, Friis S, Hejl A. Cerebrospinal fluid pro-inflammatory cytokines differentiate parkinsonian syndromes. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:305. [PMID: 30390673 PMCID: PMC6215346 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1339-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neuroinflammation has been established to be part of the neuropathological changes in Parkinson's disease (PD) and atypical parkinsonism (APD). Activated microglia play a key role in neuroinflammation by release of cytokines. Evidence of the disparity, if any, in the neuroinflammatory response between PD and APD is sparse. In this study, we investigated CSF cytokine profiles in patients with PD, multiple system atrophy (MSA), or progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). METHODS On a sensitive electrochemiluminescence-based platform (Quickplex, Meso Scale Discovery®), we examined a panel of C-reactive protein (CRP) and eight selected cytokines, IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-18, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, TGF-β1, and TNF-α, among patients with PD (n = 46), MSA (n = 35), and PSP (n = 39) or controls (n = 31). Additionally, CSF total tau protein levels were measured as a marker of nonspecific neurodegeneration for correlation estimates. RESULTS CRP and the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and Il-6 were statistically significantly elevated in MSA and PSP patients compared to PD patients but not compared to control patients. No analytes differed statistically significantly between MSA and PSP patients. The best diagnostic discrimination, evaluated by ROC curve (AUC 0.77, p = 007, 95% CI 0.660-0.867), between PD and MSA patients was seen for a subset of analytes: CRP, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IFN-γ. CONCLUSION Among the investigated cytokines and CRP, we found a statistically significant increase of microglia-derived cytokines in MSA and PSP patients compared to PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Starhof
- Department of Neurology, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - K Winge
- Department of Neurology, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Neurology, Roskilde University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - N H H Heegaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Autoimmunology and Biomarkers, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - K Skogstrand
- Center for Neonatal Screening, Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Friis
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Hejl
- Department of Neurology, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, Copenhagen, Denmark
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28
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Gardsjord ES, Romm KL, Røssberg JI, Friis S, Barder HE, Evensen J, Haahr U, Ten Velden Hegelstad W, Joa I, Johannessen JO, Langeveld J, Larsen TK, Opjordsmoen S, Rund BR, Simonsen E, Vaglum P, Melle I. Depression and functioning are important to subjective quality of life after a first episode psychosis. Compr Psychiatry 2018; 86:107-114. [PMID: 30114656 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subjective quality of life (S-QoL) is an important outcome measure in first-episode psychosis, but its associations with clinical predictors may vary across the illness course. In this study we examine the association pattern, including both direct and indirect effects, between specific predefined clinical predictors (insight, depression, positive psychotic symptoms and global functioning) and S-QoL the first ten years after a first-episode psychosis. METHODS Three hundred and one patients with a first-episode psychosis were included at first treatment, and reassessed at 3 months, 1 year, 2 years, 5 years and 10 years after inclusion. At 10-year follow-up 186 participated. S-QoL was assessed with Lehman's Quality of Life Interview. Applying a structural equation model, we investigated cross-sectional association patterns at all assessments between the predefined clinical predictors and S-QoL. RESULTS At baseline, only depression was significantly associated with S-QoL. At all follow-up assessments, depression and functioning showed significant associations with S-QoL. Insight was not associated with S-QoL at any of the assessments. Better insight, less depressive symptoms and less positive psychotic symptoms were all associated with higher functioning at all assessments. Functioning seems to mediate a smaller indirect inverse association between positive psychotic symptoms and S-QoL. The association pattern was stable across all follow-up assessments. CONCLUSIONS Together with depression, functioning seems to be important for S-QoL. Functioning seems to be a mediating factor between positive symptoms and S-QoL. A focus on functional outcome continues to be important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erlend Strand Gardsjord
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Kristin Lie Romm
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Ivar Røssberg
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway
| | - Svein Friis
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Julie Evensen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway; Adult Psychiatric Department Vinderen, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, 0319 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulrik Haahr
- Psychiatric Research Unit, Region Zealand, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Wenche Ten Velden Hegelstad
- Psychiatric Division, Network of Clinical Psychosis Research, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Inge Joa
- Psychiatric Division, Network of Clinical Psychosis Research, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway; Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Jan Olav Johannessen
- Psychiatric Division, Network of Clinical Psychosis Research, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway; Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Johannes Langeveld
- Psychiatric Division, Network of Clinical Psychosis Research, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Tor Ketil Larsen
- Psychiatric Division, Network of Clinical Psychosis Research, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, Section Psychiatry, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Stein Opjordsmoen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Rishovd Rund
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, P.O. 1094 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway; Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, 3004 Drammen, Norway
| | - Erik Simonsen
- Psychiatric Research Unit, Region Zealand, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Per Vaglum
- Department of Behavioural Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway
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29
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Øvergaard KR, Oerbeck B, Friis S, Pripp AH, Biele G, Aase H, Zeiner P. Dr. Øvergaard et al. Reply. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2018; 57:701-702. [PMID: 30196877 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2018.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We appreciate that Rimvall et al. read our latest article with interest.1 Early and accurate screening of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is important for the remediation of the disorder. Clinicians' lack of time has been identified as a barrier to screening for behavioral disorders.2 A short screener such as the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) hyperactivity-inattention (HI) subscale holds the potential to improve detection of ADHD in preschoolers. Rimvall et al. make the point that diagnosing children with ADHD requires a broader assessment that includes information from parents, teachers, and the child. We agree, except to say that 3-year-old children are too young to provide information.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Svein Friis
- Oslo University Hospital and the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Are Hugo Pripp
- Oslo Centre of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Guido Biele
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heidi Aase
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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30
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Noer JB, Bartels A, Friis S, Brünner N, Moreira J. PO-186 In vitro and clinical studies of the role of MHC class II invariant chain (CD74) in breast cancer. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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31
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Haahr UH, Larsen TK, Simonsen E, Rund BR, Joa I, Rossberg JI, Johannessen JO, Langeveld J, Evensen J, Trauelsen AMH, Vaglum P, Opjordsmoen S, Hegelstad WTV, Friis S, McGlashan T, Melle I. Relation between premorbid adjustment, duration of untreated psychosis and close interpersonal trauma in first-episode psychosis. Early Interv Psychiatry 2018; 12:316-323. [PMID: 26800653 DOI: 10.1111/eip.12315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM Interpersonal traumas are highly prevalent in patients with psychotic disorders. Trauma caused by those close to the patient might have a more profound impact than other types of trauma and may influence early life social functioning. The aim is to investigate the associations between different types of trauma, in particular close interpersonal traumas experienced before the age of 18, premorbid factors and baseline clinical characteristics in a sample of first-episode psychosis patients. METHODS A total of 191 patients from the 'TIPS' cohort completed assessment with the Brief Betrayal Trauma Survey at their 5 years follow-up interview. RESULTS Half of the patients reported that they had experienced interpersonal trauma and one-third reported having experienced close interpersonal trauma before the age of 18. Women reported more sexual abuse, physical attacks and emotional and physical maltreatment than men. There were significant associations between early interpersonal trauma and premorbid adjustment and duration of untreated psychosis, but no significant associations with length of education, comorbid substance use or baseline clinical symptomatology. CONCLUSIONS Close interpersonal trauma before the age of 18 is associated with poorer premorbid adjustment and a longer duration of untreated psychosis. This may indicate that traumatic experiences delay help-seeking behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrik Helt Haahr
- Early Psychosis Intervention Center, Psychiatry East, Region Zealand, Roskilde, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tor Ketil Larsen
- Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Division of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Section Psychiatry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Erik Simonsen
- Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Roskilde, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bjørn Rishovd Rund
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Research, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
| | - Inge Joa
- Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Division of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Jan Ivar Rossberg
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Olav Johannessen
- Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Division of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Johannes Langeveld
- Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Division of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Julie Evensen
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Marie Hyldgaard Trauelsen
- Early Psychosis Intervention Center, Psychiatry East, Region Zealand, Roskilde, Denmark.,Psychiatry South, Region Zealand, Vordingborg, Denmark
| | - Per Vaglum
- Department of Behavioural Sciences in Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stein Opjordsmoen
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Wenche Ten Velden Hegelstad
- Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Division of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Svein Friis
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas McGlashan
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ingrid Melle
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Øvergaard KR, Oerbeck B, Friis S, Pripp AH, Biele G, Aase H, Zeiner P. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Preschoolers: The Accuracy of a Short Screener. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2018; 57:428-435. [PMID: 29859558 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although early and accurate screening is required for the remediation of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), possible gender differences have not been extensively studied. We examined the classification accuracy of the parent and preschool teacher version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) hyperactivity-inattention (HI) subscale in girls and boys. METHOD The study was part of the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). Parents and preschool teachers rated a total of 238 girls and 276 boys (mean age 3.5 years) with the SDQ HI subscale. Blinded to the parent and teacher ratings, interviewers classified the children by ADHD diagnoses with the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment Interview. RESULTS Areas under the curves for the parent HI subscale scores were good for both girls and boys (0.87 and 0.80, respectively). Preschool teacher classifications were fair (0.76) for girls and poor (0.62) for boys, a significant difference (p = .017). The subscale accurately identified children without ADHD at low parent scores (≤4), and fairly accurately identified ADHD at high scores (≥9), with maximum probabilities of finding true cases of 0.75 in girls and 0.55 in boys. Intermediate scores gave the best balance between sensitivity and specificity with low probabilities of correctly identifying children with ADHD. CONCLUSION The parental SDQ HI subscale was useful for screening for ADHD in preschool girls and boys. For preschool teachers, the subscale was useful for screening girls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Svein Friis
- Oslo University Hospital, and the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Are Hugo Pripp
- Oslo Centre of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Guido Biele
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heidi Aase
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Moore JL, Friis S, Graham ID, Gundersen ET, Nordvik JE. Reported use of evidence in clinical practice: a survey of rehabilitation practices in Norway. BMC Health Serv Res 2018; 18:379. [PMID: 29801505 PMCID: PMC5970453 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-018-3193-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 03/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The South Eastern Health Region in Norway serves approximately 2.8 million people, which is more than half of Norway’s population. Physical medicine and rehabilitation services are provided by 9 public hospital trusts and 30 private rehabilitation facilities. The purposes of this study were to conduct a psychometric analysis of the EBP Implementation Scale (EBPIS) and describe rehabilitation clinicians’ self-reported 1) use of evidence-based practices (EBPs), 2) use of EBPs across hospitals, and 3) determine factors associated with use of EBPs in the South Eastern Health Region in Norway. Methods A cross-sectional study using an online survey was conducted with public hospitals and private rehabilitation centers. The survey, which was distributed throughout the region, included the EBPIS, 8 questions related to EBP in the health region, and demographics. Response frequencies were calculated and described. Internal consistency and factor structure of the EBPIS and its subscales were determined. Associations and differences in groups with similar demographics, EBPIS scores, and use of EBPs were identified. Results A total of 316 individuals completed the survey, including allied health clinicians, nurses, psychologists, social workers, and physicians. The EBPIS mean score was 30/72. A factor analysis identified that the EBPIS can be divided into 3 subscales: literature search and critical appraisal (α = .80), knowledge sharing (α = .83), and practice evaluation (α = .74). EBP activities reported were primarily related to literature searches, critical appraisal, and discussing evidence. Approximately 65 and 75% of respondents agreed that the same OMs and evidence based interventions were used within the local clinic respectively. Fewer agreed that the same OMs (13%) and evidence-based interventions (39%) are used regionally. Conclusion The EBPIS and its subscales demonstrated excellent internal consistency. Practice variability exists in rehabilitation throughout Southeastern Norway. An increased emphasis on use of EBP throughout the region is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Moore
- Regional Center of Knowledge Translation in Rehabilitation, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Oslo/Nesodden, Norway. .,Institute for Knowledge Translation, Carmel, IN, USA.
| | - Svein Friis
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ian D Graham
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Jan E Nordvik
- Regional Center of Knowledge Translation in Rehabilitation, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Oslo/Nesodden, Norway
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Ducarroz S, Leon M, Schott A, Friis S, Johansen C. 7.10-P9Are male immigrants in Denmark at lower or higher risk of tobacco-related cancers? A Danish nationwide cohort study. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky048.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - M Leon
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Section of Environment and Radiation, France
| | - A Schott
- HESPER/University Jean Monnet, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pôle Information Médicale Evaluation Recherche, France
| | - S Friis
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Denmark
| | - C Johansen
- Unit of Survivorship Research, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Denmark
- Oncology, Finsen Centre, Denmark
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Langballe R, Frederiksen K, Andersson M, Ejlertsen B, Jensen M, Cronin-Fenton D, Friis S, Mellemkjær L. Survival after contralateral breast cancer in Denmark. Eur J Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(18)30346-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Schønfeldt Troelsen F, Körmendiné Farkas D, Gulbech Ording A, Friis S, Erichsen R, Sørensen H. Lower gastrointestinal bleeding and risk of colorectal cancer in users and non-users of low-dose aspirin. Thromb Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2018.02.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Gardsjord ES, Romm KL, Røssberg JI, Friis S, Barder HE, Evensen J, Haahr U, Ten Velden Hegelstad W, Joa I, Johannessen JO, Langeveld J, Larsen TK, Opjordsmoen S, Rund BR, Simonsen E, Vaglum P, McGlashan T, Melle I. Is going into stable symptomatic remission associated with a more positive development of life satisfaction? A 10-year follow-up study of first episode psychosis. Schizophr Res 2018; 193:364-369. [PMID: 28701275 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quality of life is an important outcome measure for patients with psychosis. We investigated whether going into stable symptomatic remission is associated with a more positive development of subjective quality of life (S-QoL) and if different patient characteristics are associated with S-QoL depending on remission status. METHODS Three hundred and one patients with a first-episode psychosis were included at baseline. At 10-year follow-up 186 were reassessed. QoL was assessed by Lehman's Quality of Life Interview. Remission was defined according to criteria proposed by the Remission in Schizophrenia Working Group. One-way ANOVA, mixed model analysis, bivariate correlations and multiple regression analyses were performed. RESULTS Patients going into stable symptomatic remission showed a more positive S-QoL-development over the follow-up period and reported higher life satisfaction at 10-year follow-up compared to non-remission. At 10-year follow-up, depressive symptoms and alcohol abuse or dependence explained a significant amount of variance in S-QoL among patients in remission. Among patients in non-remission, PANSS excitative component explained a significant amount of variance in S-QoL. All significant effects were negative. CONCLUSIONS Stable symptomatic remission is associated with a more positive development of overall life satisfaction. Furthermore, different symptoms influence life satisfaction depending on status of remission. This has important clinical implications. While patients in remission might need treatment for depressive symptoms to increase S-QoL, in non-remission measures aiming to decrease hostility and uncooperativeness should be part of the treatment approach. Alcohol problems should be treated regardless of remission status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erlend Strand Gardsjord
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, NORMENT: Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Kristin Lie Romm
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Ivar Røssberg
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway
| | - Svein Friis
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Julie Evensen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway; Adult Psychiatric Department Vinderen, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, 0319 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulrik Haahr
- Psychiatric Research Unit, Region Zealand, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Wenche Ten Velden Hegelstad
- Psychiatric Division, Network of Clinical Psychosis Research, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Inge Joa
- Psychiatric Division, Network of Clinical Psychosis Research, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway; Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Jan Olav Johannessen
- Psychiatric Division, Network of Clinical Psychosis Research, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway; Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Johannes Langeveld
- Psychiatric Division, Network of Clinical Psychosis Research, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Tor Ketil Larsen
- Psychiatric Division, Network of Clinical Psychosis Research, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, Section Psychiatry, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Stein Opjordsmoen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Rishovd Rund
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, P.O. 1094 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway; Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, 3004 Drammen, Norway
| | - Erik Simonsen
- Psychiatric Research Unit, Region Zealand, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Per Vaglum
- Department of Behavioural Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas McGlashan
- Department of Social and Behavioural Health, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ingrid Melle
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, NORMENT: Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway
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Abstract
BackgroundAssessment of neurocognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia is hampered by the multitude of tests used in the literature.AimsWe aimed to identify the main dimensions of an assessment battery for patients with first-episode psychosis and to estimate the relationship between dimension scores and gender, age, education, diagnosis and symptoms.MethodEight frequently used neuropsychological tests were used. We tested 219 patients 3 months after start of therapy or at remission, whichever occurred first.ResultsWe identified five dimensions: working memory (WM); verbal learning (VL); executive function (EF); impulsivity (Im); and motor speed (MS). Significant findings were that the MS score was higher for men, and the WM and VL scores were correlated with years of education.ConclusionsNeurocognitive function in first-episode psychosis is described by at least five independent dimensions.
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Friis S, Vaglum P, Haahr U, Johannessen JO, Larsen TK, Melle I, Opjordsmoen S, Rund BR, Simonsen E, McGlashan TH. Effect of an early detection programme on duration of untreated psychosis. Br J Psychiatry 2018; 48:s29-32. [PMID: 16055804 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.187.48.s29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundIt is unclear whether an early detection programme increases or decreases the number of patients with a long duration of untreated psychosis (DUP), and whether these differ from other patients with a long DUP.AimsTo investigate whether the number and characteristics of patients with a long DUP in the early detection programme differ from those with along DUP in the non-earlydetection programme.MethodWe compared the number and characteristics of patients with a DUP $2 years in an early detection area and a non-early detection area.ResultsThe early detection programme recruited slightly fewer patients with a long DUP than the non-early detection programme. The patients in the early detection programme had lower PANSS scores, but more frequently had a deteriorating course of premorbid social functioning.ConclusionsAn early detection programme does not seem to drain a pool of previously undetected patients with a long DUP. The patients in the early detection programme seem to have a lower symptom level at baseline and to have had a deteriorating premorbid social course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svein Friis
- Department of Research and Education, Division of Psychiatry, Ullevål University Hospital, Oslo N-0407, Norway.
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Langeveld J, Bjørkly S, Evensen J, Joa I, Johannessen JO, Larsen TK, Melle I, Opjordsmoen S, Røssberg JI, Rund BR, Simonsen E, Vaglum P, Velden WT, McGlashan T, Friis S. A 10-year follow-up study of violent victimization in first episode psychosis: Risk and protective factors. Psychiatry Res 2018; 259:545-549. [PMID: 29172178 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Violent victimization in persons with severe mental illness has long-term adverse consequences. Little is known about the long-term prevalence of victimization in first episode psychosis, or about factors affecting victimization throughout the course of illness. To assess the prevalence of violent victimization during a 10-year follow-up period in a group of first episode psychosis (FEP) patients, and to identify early predictors and risk factors for victimization. A prospective design was used with comprehensive assessments of violent victimization, treatment variables and functioning at baseline and during 10-year follow-up. A clinical epidemiological sample of FEP patients (n = 298) was studied. FEP patients in our study were at a 3.5 times greater risk of victimization as compared to the normal population. During the 10-year follow-up period, 23% of subjects fell victim to one or more violent assaults. Victimized patients were younger and reported less occupational activity. At 10-year follow-up, victimization was associated with more concomitant drug use, alcohol misuse and violent behavior, but not with a worse clinical or functional outcome. Treatment programs should focus on risk factors for victimization and develop behavioral alternatives to mitigate risk in FEP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Langeveld
- Center for Clinical Psychosis Research, TIPS, Stavanger University Hospital, 4008 Stavanger, Norway; Department of Research and Development, Rogaland A-senter, 4028 Stavanger, Norway.
| | - Stål Bjørkly
- Molde University College, PO.Box 2110, 6402 Molde, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. 4959 Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Julie Evensen
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. 4959 Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. 1171 Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Inge Joa
- Center for Clinical Psychosis Research, TIPS, Stavanger University Hospital, 4008 Stavanger, Norway; Network for Medical Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Jan Olav Johannessen
- Center for Clinical Psychosis Research, TIPS, Stavanger University Hospital, 4008 Stavanger, Norway; Network for Medical Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Tor Ketil Larsen
- Center for Clinical Psychosis Research, TIPS, Stavanger University Hospital, 4008 Stavanger, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 65, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. 4959 Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. 1171 Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Stein Opjordsmoen
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. 4959 Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. 1171 Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Ivar Røssberg
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. 4959 Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. 1171 Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Rishovd Rund
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, P.O. 1094 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway; Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, 3004 Drammen, Norway
| | - Erik Simonsen
- Psychiatric Research Unit, Region Zealand, Faelledvej 6, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark; University of Copenhagen, P.O. box 2177, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per Vaglum
- Department of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. 1130 Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Wenche Ten Velden
- Center for Clinical Psychosis Research, TIPS, Stavanger University Hospital, 4008 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Tom McGlashan
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale Psychiatric Research at Congress Place, 301 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Svein Friis
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. 4959 Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. 1171 Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The diuretic hydrochlorothiazide is amongst the most frequently prescribed drugs in the United States and Western Europe, but there is suggestive evidence that hydrochlorothiazide use increases the risk of lip cancer. OBJECTIVES To study the association between use of hydrochlorothiazide and squamous cell carcinoma of the lip. METHODS We conducted a case-control study using Danish nationwide registry data. From the Cancer Registry (2004-2012), we identified 633 case patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lip and matched them to 63 067 population controls using a risk-set sampling strategy. Hydrochlorothiazide use (1995-2012) was obtained from the Prescription Registry and defined according to cumulative use. Applying conditional logistic regression, we calculated odds ratios (ORs) for SCC lip cancer associated with hydrochlorothiazide use, adjusting for predefined potential confounders obtained from demographic, prescription and patient registries. RESULTS Ever-use of hydrochlorothiazide was associated with an adjusted OR for SCC lip cancer of 2.1 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.7-2.6), increasing to 3.9 (95%CI: 3.0-4.9) for high use (≥25 000 mg). There was a clear dose-response effect (P < 0.001), with the highest cumulative dose category of hydrochlorothiazide (≥100 000 mg) presenting an OR of 7.7 (95%CI: 5.7-10.5). No association with lip cancer was seen with use of other diuretics or nondiuretic antihypertensives. Assuming causality, we estimated that 11% of the SCC lip cancer cases could be attributed to hydrochlorothiazide use. CONCLUSIONS Hydrochlorothiazide use is strongly associated with an increased risk of lip cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pottegård
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - J Hallas
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - M Olesen
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - M T Svendsen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - L A Habel
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - G D Friedman
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - S Friis
- Danish Cancer Society, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Dahl HSJ, Ulberg R, Friis S, Perry JC, Høglend PA. Therapists' Inadequate Feelings and Long-Term Effect of Transference Work. Psychother Psychosom 2017; 85:309-10. [PMID: 27513346 DOI: 10.1159/000444647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Bendiksen B, Svensson E, Aase H, Reichborn-Kjennerud T, Friis S, Myhre AM, Zeiner P. Co-Occurrence of ODD and CD in Preschool Children With Symptoms of ADHD. J Atten Disord 2017; 21:741-752. [PMID: 24994876 DOI: 10.1177/1087054714538655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patterns of co-occurrence between ADHD, Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), and Conduct Disorder (CD) were examined in a sample of non-referred preschool children. ADHD subtypes and sex differences were also explored. METHOD Children aged 3.5 years ( n = 1,048) with high scores on ADHD characteristics were recruited from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study and clinically assessed, including a semi-structured psychiatric interview. RESULTS In children with ADHD, concurrent ODD was present more often than CD (31% vs. 10%), but having ADHD gave higher increase in the odds of CD than of ODD (ODD: odds ratio [OR] = 6.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [4.2, 10.8]; CD: OR = 17.6, 95% CI = [5.9, 52.9]). We found a greater proportion of children having the combined ADHD subtype as well as more severe inattentiveness among children with co-occurring CD compared with ODD. Sex differences were minor. CONCLUSION There are important differences in co-occurring patterns of ODD and CD in preschool children with ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Heidi Aase
- 4 Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Svein Friis
- 1 Oslo University Hospital, Norway.,2 University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne M Myhre
- 1 Oslo University Hospital, Norway.,2 University of Oslo, Norway
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Weibell MA, Hegelstad WTV, Auestad B, Bramness J, Evensen J, Haahr U, Joa I, Johannessen JO, Larsen TK, Melle I, Opjordsmoen S, Rund BR, Simonsen E, Vaglum P, McGlashan T, McGorry P, Friis S. The Effect of Substance Use on 10-Year Outcome in First-Episode Psychosis. Schizophr Bull 2017; 43:843-851. [PMID: 28199703 PMCID: PMC5472130 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbw179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Substance use is common in first-episode psychosis (FEP) and has been linked to poorer outcomes with more severe psychopathology and higher relapse rates. Early substance discontinuation appears to improve symptoms and function. However, studies vary widely in their methodology, and few have examined patients longitudinally, making it difficult to draw conclusions for practice and treatment. We aimed to investigate the relationship between substance use and early abstinence and the long-term course of illness in a representative sample of FEP patients. Out of 301 included patients, 266 could be divided into 4 groups based on substance use patterns during the first 2 years of treatment: persistent users, episodic users, stop-users and nonusers. Differences in clinical and functional measures during the follow-up period were assessed using linear mixed effects models for the analysis of repeated measures data. Patients who stopped using substances within the first 2 years after diagnosis had outcomes similar to those who had never used with fewer symptoms than episodic or persistent users. Both episodic and persistent users had lower rates of symptom remission than nonusers, and persistent users also had more negative symptoms than those who stopped using. Our findings emerge from one of very few long-term longitudinal studies examining substance use cessation in FEP with 10-year follow-up. The results convey hope that the detrimental effects of substance abuse on mental health may be significantly reversed if one stops the abuse in time. This can help patients who struggle with addiction with their motivation to embrace abstinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A. Weibell
- Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Division of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway;,Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Wenche ten Velden Hegelstad
- Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Division of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Bjørn Auestad
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway;,Research Department, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Jørgen Bramness
- SERAF, Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, Oslo, Norway;,Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Julie Evensen
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulrik Haahr
- Psychiatric Research Unit, Zealand Region, Psychiatry East and Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Inge Joa
- Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Division of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway;,Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Jan Olav Johannessen
- Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Division of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway;,Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Tor Ketil Larsen
- Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Division of Psychiatry, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway;,Institute of Psychiatry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway;,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stein Opjordsmoen
- Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway;,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Rishovd Rund
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway;,Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
| | - Erik Simonsen
- Psychiatric Research Unit, Zealand Region, Psychiatry East and Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark;,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Per Vaglum
- Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway;,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Patrick McGorry
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia;,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Svein Friis
- Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway;,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Verdoodt F, Kjaer S, Friis S. Influence of aspirin and non-aspirin NSAID use on ovarian and endometrial cancer: Summary of epidemiologic evidence of cancer risk and prognosis. Maturitas 2017; 100:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Melle I, Olav Johannesen J, Haahr UH, ten Velden Hegelstad W, Joa I, Langeveld J, Larsen TK, Ilner Opjordsmoen S, Qin P, Ivar Røssberg J, Rishovd Rund B, Simonsen E, Vaglum PJ, McGlashan TH, Friis S. Causes and predictors of premature death in first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders. World Psychiatry 2017; 16:217-218. [PMID: 28498600 PMCID: PMC5428196 DOI: 10.1002/wps.20431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Melle
- NORMENT K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway
| | - Jan Olav Johannesen
- Division of PsychiatryStavanger University HospitalStavangerNorway,Faculty of Social SciencesUniversity of StavangerStavangerNorway
| | - Ulrik H. Haahr
- Early Psychosis Intervention CenterRoskildeDenmark,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | | | - Inge Joa
- Division of PsychiatryStavanger University HospitalStavangerNorway,Faculty of Social SciencesUniversity of StavangerStavangerNorway
| | | | - Tor K. Larsen
- Division of PsychiatryStavanger University HospitalStavangerNorway,Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Stein Ilner Opjordsmoen
- Division of Mental Health and AddictionOslo University HospitalOsloNorway,Division of Mental Health and AddictionInstitute of Clinical Medicine, University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Ping Qin
- National Center for Suicide Research and Prevention, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Jan Ivar Røssberg
- Division of Mental Health and AddictionOslo University HospitalOsloNorway,Division of Mental Health and AddictionInstitute of Clinical Medicine, University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Bjørn Rishovd Rund
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of OsloOsloNorway,Vestre Viken Hospital TrustDrammenNorway
| | - Erik Simonsen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of CopenhagenRoskildeDenmark
| | - Per J.W. Vaglum
- Department of Behavioural Sciences in MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Thomas H. McGlashan
- Department of Social and Behavioral Health, Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
| | - Svein Friis
- Division of Mental Health and AddictionOslo University HospitalOsloNorway,Division of Mental Health and AddictionInstitute of Clinical Medicine, University of OsloOsloNorway
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Falkum E, Klungsøyr O, Lystad JU, Bull HC, Evensen S, Martinsen EW, Friis S, Ueland T. Vocational rehabilitation for adults with psychotic disorders in a Scandinavian welfare society. BMC Psychiatry 2017; 17:24. [PMID: 28095813 PMCID: PMC5240414 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-016-1183-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined the outcomes of a vocational rehabilitation program (The Job Management Program, JUMP) for persons with psychotic disorders based on close collaboration between health and welfare services. METHODS Participants (N = 148) with broad schizophrenia spectrum disorders (age 18-65) were recruited from six counties in Norway. Three counties were randomized to vocational rehabilitation augmented with cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT), while the remaining three counties were randomized to vocational rehabilitation augmented with cognitive remediation (CR). This paper compares the vocational activity of the total group of JUMP participants with a treatment as usual group (N = 341), and further examines differences between the two JUMP interventions. Employment status (working/not working) was registered at the time of inclusion and at the end of the intervention period. RESULTS The total number of JUMP participants in any kind of vocational activity increased from 17 to 77% during the intervention. Of these, 8% had competitive employment, 36% had work placements in ordinary workplaces with social security benefits as their income, and 33% had sheltered work. The total number of working participants in the TAU group increased from 15.5 to 18.2%. The JUMP group showed significant improvements of positive (t = -2.33, p = 0.02) and general (t = -2.75, p = 0.007) symptoms of psychosis. Significant differences between the CBT and CR interventions were not demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS The study supports existing evidence that the majority of persons with broad schizophrenia spectrum disorders can cope with some kind of work, given that internal and external barriers are reduced. Those who wish to work should be offered vocational rehabilitation. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01139502 . Registered on 6 February 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Falkum
- Department of Research and Development, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole Klungsøyr
- Department of Research and Development, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Stig Evensen
- Department of Research and Development, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Egil W. Martinsen
- Department of Research and Development, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Svein Friis
- Department of Research and Development, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torill Ueland
- Department of Research and Development, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Furre A, Falk RS, Sandvik L, Friis S, Knutzen M, Hanssen-Bauer K. Characteristics of adolescents frequently restrained in acute psychiatric units in Norway: a nationwide study. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2017; 11:3. [PMID: 28096898 PMCID: PMC5234258 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-016-0136-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of restraints in adolescent psychiatric settings requires particular professional, ethical, and legal considerations. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the number of restraint episodes per patient was related to any of several characteristics of the adolescents. METHODS In this nationwide study, we included all adolescents restrained during the period 2008-2010 (N = 267) in Norwegian adolescent acute psychiatric inpatient units. They constitute 6.5% of the adolescents hospitalized in these units in the same period of time. We collected data on the number of restraint episodes they experienced during the study period; Poisson regression was then used to analyze the impact of gender, social, mental health, and treatment characteristics on the frequency of restraint. We developed a risk index for the likelihood of experiencing multiple restraint episodes. RESULTS We found a skewed distribution of restraint episodes in which a small group (18%) of restrained adolescents experienced a majority (77%) of the restraint episodes. A large percentage of the restrained adolescents (36%) experienced only one restraint episode. Risk factors for multiple restraint episodes were female gender, lower psychosocial functioning (Children's Global Assessment Scale below 35), more and longer admissions, and concomitant use of pharmacological restraint. Except for gender, we used these variables to develop a risk index that was moderately associated with multiple restraint episodes. CONCLUSIONS As a small group of patients accounted for a large percentage of the restraint episodes, future research should further investigate the reasons for and consequences of multiple restraint episodes in patients at acute adolescent psychiatric units, and evaluate preventive approaches targeted to reduce their risk for experiencing restraint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Furre
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Centre for Forensic Psychiatry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ,Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Eastern and Southern Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ragnhild Sørum Falk
- Oslo Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Leiv Sandvik
- Oslo Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Svein Friis
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Department of Research and Development, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maria Knutzen
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Centre for Forensic Psychiatry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ketil Hanssen-Bauer
- Division of Mental Health Services, Akershus University Hospital, Lorenskog, Norway ,Division of Health Service Research and Psychiatry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Hegelstad WTV, Bronnick KS, Barder HE, Evensen JH, Haahr U, Joa I, Johannessen JO, Langeveld J, Larsen TK, Melle I, Opjordsmoen S, Rund BR, Rossberg JI, Simonsen E, Vaglum PW, McGlashan TH, Friis S. Preventing Poor Vocational Functioning in Psychosis Through Early Intervention. Psychiatr Serv 2017; 68:100-103. [PMID: 27582238 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.201500451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study tested the hypothesis that early detection of psychosis improves long-term vocational functioning through the prevention of negative symptom development. METHODS Generalized estimating equations and mediation analysis were conducted to examine the association between employment and negative symptoms over ten years among patients in geographic areas characterized by usual detection (N=140) or early detection (N=141) of psychosis. RESULTS Improved vocational outcome after ten years among patients in the early-detection area was mediated by lower levels of negative symptoms during the first five years. Regardless of symptoms, rates of full-time employment or study were lower among patients in the usual-detection versus the early-detection area. CONCLUSIONS Patients from an early-detection area attained lower negative symptom levels earlier compared with patients from a usual-detection area, which seemed to have facilitated vocational careers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenche Ten Velden Hegelstad
- Dr. Hegelstad, Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, Prof. Dr. Johannessen, Dr. Langeveld, and Prof. Dr. Larsen are with the Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Psychiatric Division, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway (e-mail: ). Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, and Prof. Dr. Johannessen are also with the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway. Prof. Dr. Larsen is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. Dr. Barder is with the Women and Children's Division, and Prof. Dr. Friis is with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Friis is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, where Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are affiliated. Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are also with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, where Dr. Evensen is affiliated. Dr. Haahr and Prof. Dr. Simonsen are with the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Smedegade, Roskilde, Denmark. They are also with the Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Toftegade, Roskilde, Denmark. Prof. Dr. Rund is with the Department of Psychology, and Prof. Dr. Vaglum is with the Department of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Rund is also with the Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway. Dr. McGlashan is with the School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Kolbjorn S Bronnick
- Dr. Hegelstad, Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, Prof. Dr. Johannessen, Dr. Langeveld, and Prof. Dr. Larsen are with the Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Psychiatric Division, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway (e-mail: ). Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, and Prof. Dr. Johannessen are also with the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway. Prof. Dr. Larsen is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. Dr. Barder is with the Women and Children's Division, and Prof. Dr. Friis is with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Friis is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, where Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are affiliated. Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are also with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, where Dr. Evensen is affiliated. Dr. Haahr and Prof. Dr. Simonsen are with the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Smedegade, Roskilde, Denmark. They are also with the Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Toftegade, Roskilde, Denmark. Prof. Dr. Rund is with the Department of Psychology, and Prof. Dr. Vaglum is with the Department of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Rund is also with the Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway. Dr. McGlashan is with the School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Helene Eidsmo Barder
- Dr. Hegelstad, Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, Prof. Dr. Johannessen, Dr. Langeveld, and Prof. Dr. Larsen are with the Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Psychiatric Division, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway (e-mail: ). Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, and Prof. Dr. Johannessen are also with the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway. Prof. Dr. Larsen is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. Dr. Barder is with the Women and Children's Division, and Prof. Dr. Friis is with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Friis is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, where Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are affiliated. Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are also with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, where Dr. Evensen is affiliated. Dr. Haahr and Prof. Dr. Simonsen are with the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Smedegade, Roskilde, Denmark. They are also with the Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Toftegade, Roskilde, Denmark. Prof. Dr. Rund is with the Department of Psychology, and Prof. Dr. Vaglum is with the Department of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Rund is also with the Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway. Dr. McGlashan is with the School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Julie Horgen Evensen
- Dr. Hegelstad, Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, Prof. Dr. Johannessen, Dr. Langeveld, and Prof. Dr. Larsen are with the Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Psychiatric Division, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway (e-mail: ). Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, and Prof. Dr. Johannessen are also with the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway. Prof. Dr. Larsen is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. Dr. Barder is with the Women and Children's Division, and Prof. Dr. Friis is with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Friis is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, where Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are affiliated. Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are also with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, where Dr. Evensen is affiliated. Dr. Haahr and Prof. Dr. Simonsen are with the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Smedegade, Roskilde, Denmark. They are also with the Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Toftegade, Roskilde, Denmark. Prof. Dr. Rund is with the Department of Psychology, and Prof. Dr. Vaglum is with the Department of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Rund is also with the Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway. Dr. McGlashan is with the School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Ulrik Haahr
- Dr. Hegelstad, Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, Prof. Dr. Johannessen, Dr. Langeveld, and Prof. Dr. Larsen are with the Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Psychiatric Division, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway (e-mail: ). Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, and Prof. Dr. Johannessen are also with the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway. Prof. Dr. Larsen is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. Dr. Barder is with the Women and Children's Division, and Prof. Dr. Friis is with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Friis is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, where Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are affiliated. Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are also with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, where Dr. Evensen is affiliated. Dr. Haahr and Prof. Dr. Simonsen are with the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Smedegade, Roskilde, Denmark. They are also with the Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Toftegade, Roskilde, Denmark. Prof. Dr. Rund is with the Department of Psychology, and Prof. Dr. Vaglum is with the Department of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Rund is also with the Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway. Dr. McGlashan is with the School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Inge Joa
- Dr. Hegelstad, Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, Prof. Dr. Johannessen, Dr. Langeveld, and Prof. Dr. Larsen are with the Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Psychiatric Division, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway (e-mail: ). Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, and Prof. Dr. Johannessen are also with the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway. Prof. Dr. Larsen is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. Dr. Barder is with the Women and Children's Division, and Prof. Dr. Friis is with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Friis is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, where Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are affiliated. Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are also with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, where Dr. Evensen is affiliated. Dr. Haahr and Prof. Dr. Simonsen are with the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Smedegade, Roskilde, Denmark. They are also with the Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Toftegade, Roskilde, Denmark. Prof. Dr. Rund is with the Department of Psychology, and Prof. Dr. Vaglum is with the Department of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Rund is also with the Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway. Dr. McGlashan is with the School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jan Olav Johannessen
- Dr. Hegelstad, Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, Prof. Dr. Johannessen, Dr. Langeveld, and Prof. Dr. Larsen are with the Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Psychiatric Division, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway (e-mail: ). Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, and Prof. Dr. Johannessen are also with the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway. Prof. Dr. Larsen is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. Dr. Barder is with the Women and Children's Division, and Prof. Dr. Friis is with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Friis is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, where Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are affiliated. Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are also with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, where Dr. Evensen is affiliated. Dr. Haahr and Prof. Dr. Simonsen are with the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Smedegade, Roskilde, Denmark. They are also with the Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Toftegade, Roskilde, Denmark. Prof. Dr. Rund is with the Department of Psychology, and Prof. Dr. Vaglum is with the Department of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Rund is also with the Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway. Dr. McGlashan is with the School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Johannes Langeveld
- Dr. Hegelstad, Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, Prof. Dr. Johannessen, Dr. Langeveld, and Prof. Dr. Larsen are with the Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Psychiatric Division, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway (e-mail: ). Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, and Prof. Dr. Johannessen are also with the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway. Prof. Dr. Larsen is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. Dr. Barder is with the Women and Children's Division, and Prof. Dr. Friis is with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Friis is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, where Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are affiliated. Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are also with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, where Dr. Evensen is affiliated. Dr. Haahr and Prof. Dr. Simonsen are with the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Smedegade, Roskilde, Denmark. They are also with the Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Toftegade, Roskilde, Denmark. Prof. Dr. Rund is with the Department of Psychology, and Prof. Dr. Vaglum is with the Department of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Rund is also with the Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway. Dr. McGlashan is with the School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Tor Ketil Larsen
- Dr. Hegelstad, Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, Prof. Dr. Johannessen, Dr. Langeveld, and Prof. Dr. Larsen are with the Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Psychiatric Division, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway (e-mail: ). Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, and Prof. Dr. Johannessen are also with the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway. Prof. Dr. Larsen is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. Dr. Barder is with the Women and Children's Division, and Prof. Dr. Friis is with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Friis is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, where Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are affiliated. Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are also with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, where Dr. Evensen is affiliated. Dr. Haahr and Prof. Dr. Simonsen are with the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Smedegade, Roskilde, Denmark. They are also with the Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Toftegade, Roskilde, Denmark. Prof. Dr. Rund is with the Department of Psychology, and Prof. Dr. Vaglum is with the Department of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Rund is also with the Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway. Dr. McGlashan is with the School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Ingrid Melle
- Dr. Hegelstad, Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, Prof. Dr. Johannessen, Dr. Langeveld, and Prof. Dr. Larsen are with the Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Psychiatric Division, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway (e-mail: ). Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, and Prof. Dr. Johannessen are also with the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway. Prof. Dr. Larsen is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. Dr. Barder is with the Women and Children's Division, and Prof. Dr. Friis is with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Friis is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, where Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are affiliated. Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are also with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, where Dr. Evensen is affiliated. Dr. Haahr and Prof. Dr. Simonsen are with the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Smedegade, Roskilde, Denmark. They are also with the Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Toftegade, Roskilde, Denmark. Prof. Dr. Rund is with the Department of Psychology, and Prof. Dr. Vaglum is with the Department of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Rund is also with the Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway. Dr. McGlashan is with the School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Stein Opjordsmoen
- Dr. Hegelstad, Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, Prof. Dr. Johannessen, Dr. Langeveld, and Prof. Dr. Larsen are with the Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Psychiatric Division, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway (e-mail: ). Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, and Prof. Dr. Johannessen are also with the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway. Prof. Dr. Larsen is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. Dr. Barder is with the Women and Children's Division, and Prof. Dr. Friis is with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Friis is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, where Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are affiliated. Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are also with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, where Dr. Evensen is affiliated. Dr. Haahr and Prof. Dr. Simonsen are with the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Smedegade, Roskilde, Denmark. They are also with the Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Toftegade, Roskilde, Denmark. Prof. Dr. Rund is with the Department of Psychology, and Prof. Dr. Vaglum is with the Department of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Rund is also with the Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway. Dr. McGlashan is with the School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Bjørn Rishovd Rund
- Dr. Hegelstad, Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, Prof. Dr. Johannessen, Dr. Langeveld, and Prof. Dr. Larsen are with the Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Psychiatric Division, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway (e-mail: ). Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, and Prof. Dr. Johannessen are also with the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway. Prof. Dr. Larsen is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. Dr. Barder is with the Women and Children's Division, and Prof. Dr. Friis is with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Friis is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, where Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are affiliated. Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are also with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, where Dr. Evensen is affiliated. Dr. Haahr and Prof. Dr. Simonsen are with the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Smedegade, Roskilde, Denmark. They are also with the Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Toftegade, Roskilde, Denmark. Prof. Dr. Rund is with the Department of Psychology, and Prof. Dr. Vaglum is with the Department of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Rund is also with the Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway. Dr. McGlashan is with the School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jan Ivar Rossberg
- Dr. Hegelstad, Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, Prof. Dr. Johannessen, Dr. Langeveld, and Prof. Dr. Larsen are with the Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Psychiatric Division, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway (e-mail: ). Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, and Prof. Dr. Johannessen are also with the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway. Prof. Dr. Larsen is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. Dr. Barder is with the Women and Children's Division, and Prof. Dr. Friis is with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Friis is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, where Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are affiliated. Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are also with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, where Dr. Evensen is affiliated. Dr. Haahr and Prof. Dr. Simonsen are with the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Smedegade, Roskilde, Denmark. They are also with the Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Toftegade, Roskilde, Denmark. Prof. Dr. Rund is with the Department of Psychology, and Prof. Dr. Vaglum is with the Department of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Rund is also with the Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway. Dr. McGlashan is with the School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Erik Simonsen
- Dr. Hegelstad, Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, Prof. Dr. Johannessen, Dr. Langeveld, and Prof. Dr. Larsen are with the Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Psychiatric Division, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway (e-mail: ). Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, and Prof. Dr. Johannessen are also with the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway. Prof. Dr. Larsen is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. Dr. Barder is with the Women and Children's Division, and Prof. Dr. Friis is with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Friis is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, where Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are affiliated. Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are also with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, where Dr. Evensen is affiliated. Dr. Haahr and Prof. Dr. Simonsen are with the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Smedegade, Roskilde, Denmark. They are also with the Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Toftegade, Roskilde, Denmark. Prof. Dr. Rund is with the Department of Psychology, and Prof. Dr. Vaglum is with the Department of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Rund is also with the Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway. Dr. McGlashan is with the School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Per Wiggen Vaglum
- Dr. Hegelstad, Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, Prof. Dr. Johannessen, Dr. Langeveld, and Prof. Dr. Larsen are with the Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Psychiatric Division, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway (e-mail: ). Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, and Prof. Dr. Johannessen are also with the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway. Prof. Dr. Larsen is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. Dr. Barder is with the Women and Children's Division, and Prof. Dr. Friis is with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Friis is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, where Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are affiliated. Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are also with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, where Dr. Evensen is affiliated. Dr. Haahr and Prof. Dr. Simonsen are with the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Smedegade, Roskilde, Denmark. They are also with the Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Toftegade, Roskilde, Denmark. Prof. Dr. Rund is with the Department of Psychology, and Prof. Dr. Vaglum is with the Department of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Rund is also with the Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway. Dr. McGlashan is with the School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Thomas H McGlashan
- Dr. Hegelstad, Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, Prof. Dr. Johannessen, Dr. Langeveld, and Prof. Dr. Larsen are with the Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Psychiatric Division, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway (e-mail: ). Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, and Prof. Dr. Johannessen are also with the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway. Prof. Dr. Larsen is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. Dr. Barder is with the Women and Children's Division, and Prof. Dr. Friis is with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Friis is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, where Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are affiliated. Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are also with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, where Dr. Evensen is affiliated. Dr. Haahr and Prof. Dr. Simonsen are with the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Smedegade, Roskilde, Denmark. They are also with the Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Toftegade, Roskilde, Denmark. Prof. Dr. Rund is with the Department of Psychology, and Prof. Dr. Vaglum is with the Department of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Rund is also with the Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway. Dr. McGlashan is with the School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Svein Friis
- Dr. Hegelstad, Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, Prof. Dr. Johannessen, Dr. Langeveld, and Prof. Dr. Larsen are with the Regional Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Psychiatric Division, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway (e-mail: ). Prof. Dr. Bronnick, Dr. Joa, and Prof. Dr. Johannessen are also with the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway. Prof. Dr. Larsen is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. Dr. Barder is with the Women and Children's Division, and Prof. Dr. Friis is with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Friis is also with the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, where Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are affiliated. Prof. Dr. Melle, Prof. Dr. Opjordsmoen, and Prof. Dr. Rossberg are also with the Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, where Dr. Evensen is affiliated. Dr. Haahr and Prof. Dr. Simonsen are with the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Smedegade, Roskilde, Denmark. They are also with the Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Toftegade, Roskilde, Denmark. Prof. Dr. Rund is with the Department of Psychology, and Prof. Dr. Vaglum is with the Department of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo. Prof. Dr. Rund is also with the Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway. Dr. McGlashan is with the School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
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Verdoodt F, Friis S, Dehlendorff C, Albieri V, Kjaer S. Response to comment from Brasky et al. Gynecol Oncol Rep 2016; 18:59. [PMID: 27995177 PMCID: PMC5154695 DOI: 10.1016/j.gore.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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