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Wichert K, Hoppe R, Ickstadt K, Behrens T, Winter S, Herold R, Terschüren C, Lo WY, Guénel P, Truong T, Bolla MK, Wang Q, Dennis J, Michailidou K, Lush M, Andrulis IL, Brenner H, Chang-Claude J, Cox A, Cross SS, Czene K, Eriksson M, Figueroa JD, García-Closas M, Goldberg MS, Hamann U, He W, Holleczek B, Hopper JL, Jakubowska A, Ko YD, Lubiński J, Mulligan AM, Obi N, Rhenius V, Shah M, Shu XO, Simard J, Southey MC, Zheng W, Dunning AM, Pharoah PDP, Hall P, Easton DF, Brüning T, Brauch H, Harth V, Rabstein S. Polymorphisms in genes of melatonin biosynthesis and signaling support the light-at-night hypothesis for breast cancer. Eur J Epidemiol 2023; 38:1053-1068. [PMID: 37789226 PMCID: PMC10570222 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-023-01048-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Light-at-night triggers the decline of pineal gland melatonin biosynthesis and secretion and is an IARC-classified probable breast-cancer risk factor. We applied a large-scale molecular epidemiology approach to shed light on the putative role of melatonin in breast cancer. We investigated associations between breast-cancer risk and polymorphisms at genes of melatonin biosynthesis/signaling using a study population of 44,405 women from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (22,992 cases, 21,413 population-based controls). Genotype data of 97 candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at 18 defined gene regions were investigated for breast-cancer risk effects. We calculated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) by logistic regression for the main-effect analysis as well as stratified analyses by estrogen- and progesterone-receptor (ER, PR) status. SNP-SNP interactions were analyzed via a two-step procedure based on logic regression. The Bayesian false-discovery probability (BFDP) was used for all analyses to account for multiple testing. Noteworthy associations (BFDP < 0.8) included 10 linked SNPs in tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) (e.g. rs1386492: OR = 1.07, 95% CI 1.02-1.12), and a SNP in the mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (MAPK8) (rs10857561: OR = 1.11, 95% CI 1.04-1.18). The SNP-SNP interaction analysis revealed noteworthy interaction terms with TPH2- and MAPK-related SNPs (e.g. rs1386483R ∧ rs1473473D ∧ rs3729931D: OR = 1.20, 95% CI 1.09-1.32). In line with the light-at-night hypothesis that links shift work with elevated breast-cancer risks our results point to SNPs in TPH2 and MAPK-genes that may impact the intricate network of circadian regulation.
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Grants
- C12292/A11174 Cancer Research UK
- C5047/A15007 Cancer Research UK
- UM1 CA164920 NCI NIH HHS
- R01CA100374 NIH HHS
- C1281/A12014 Cancer Research UK
- C5047/A10692 Cancer Research UK
- R01 CA100374 NCI NIH HHS
- C490/A16561 Cancer Research UK
- C8197/A16565 Cancer Research UK
- C490/A10124 Cancer Research UK
- R01 CA128978 NCI NIH HHS
- C1287/A10118 Cancer Research UK
- P30 CA068485 NCI NIH HHS
- U01 CA164920 NCI NIH HHS
- CA128978 NIH HHS
- U19 CA148112 NCI NIH HHS
- C1287/A10710 Cancer Research UK
- C5047/A8384 Cancer Research UK
- European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme
- Genome Canada
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Ministère de l’Économie et de l'Innovation du Québec
- Government of Canada
- Génome Québec
- Fondation du cancer du sein du Québec
- Confluence project by National Cancer Institute Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health
- European Community's Seventh Framework Programme
- Cancer Research UK
- National Institutes of Health
- Post-Cancer GWAS initiative
- Department of Defence
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) for the CIHR Team in Familial Risks of Breast Cancer
- Susan G. Komen for the Cure
- Breast Cancer Research Foundation
- Ovarian Cancer Research Fund
- National Cancer Institute (USA)
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia
- Cancer Council NSW
- Victorian Health Promotion Foundation (Australia)
- Victorian Breast Cancer Research Consortium
- National Health and Medical Research Council
- Fondation de France
- Institut National du Cancer (INCa)
- Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer
- Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche
- Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst Baden-Württemberg
- Deutsche Krebshilfe
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
- Robert Bosch Stiftung
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Johanniter GmbH Bonn, Johanniter Krankenhaus, Bonn, Germany
- Märit and Hans Rausings Initiative Against Breast Cancer
- Hamburger Krebsgesellschaft
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research for the “CIHR Team in Familial Risks of Breast Cancer” program
- Ministry of Economic Development, Innovation and Export Trade
- NIH
- Survey and Biospecimen Shared Resource
- USA National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health
- Intramural Research Funds of the National Cancer Institute, Department of Health and Human Services, USA
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research of Singapore
- US National Institute of Health
- Susan G. Komen
- Sheffield Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre
- Breast Cancer Now Tissue Bank
- UK National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at the University of Cambridge
- NHS in the East of England through the Clinical Academic Reserve
- Minister of Science and Higher Education, Regional Initiative of Excellence, project number 002/RID/2018/19
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum (1007)
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Wichert
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Reiner Hoppe
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
- University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katja Ickstadt
- Department of Statistics, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Thomas Behrens
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stefan Winter
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
- University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Herold
- Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine Hamburg (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Terschüren
- Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine Hamburg (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wing-Yee Lo
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Pascal Guénel
- Team "Exposome and Heredity", CESP, Gustave Roussy, INSERM, University Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Villejuif, France
| | - Thérèse Truong
- Team "Exposome and Heredity", CESP, Gustave Roussy, INSERM, University Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Villejuif, France
| | - Manjeet K Bolla
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Qin Wang
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Biostatistics Unit, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Michael Lush
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Cancer Epidemiology Group, University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Angela Cox
- Sheffield Institute for Nucleic Acids (SInFoNiA), Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Simon S Cross
- Academic Unit of Pathology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Kamila Czene
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Eriksson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonine D Figueroa
- Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Montserrat García-Closas
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mark S Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wei He
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
- Independent Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Diagnostics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Yon-Dschun Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Johanniter GmbH Bonn, Johanniter Krankenhaus, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan Lubiński
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nadia Obi
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Valerie Rhenius
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mitul Shah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jacques Simard
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Melissa C Southey
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alison M Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Hiltrud Brauch
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
- University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- iFIT-Cluster of Excellence, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Volker Harth
- Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine Hamburg (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sylvia Rabstein
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
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Casjens S, Tisch A, Brenscheidt F, Beermann B, Brüning T, Behrens T, Rabstein S. Investigating the influence of shift work rosters on stress measured as cortisol in hair during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 143:105858. [PMID: 35810571 PMCID: PMC9251898 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the workload and has affected physical and mental health of many employees. Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) has proven useful as a marker for retrospective assessment of stress in epidemiological studies and was measured here in non-healthcare night-shift workers with standard shifts (8-h shifts) and extended shifts (12-h shifts) before and during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. Results showed a twofold increase in HCC among shift workers during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with previous measurements. Subjectively reported measures of psychosomatic stress were not found to be reliable predictors of HCC. No statistically significant HCC differences were found between rosters. Working 12-h shifts does not appear to be an additional stressor in the already demanding COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swaantje Casjens
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany.
| | - Anita Tisch
- Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Frank Brenscheidt
- Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Beate Beermann
- Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Behrens
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Sylvia Rabstein
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
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3
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Burek K, Rabstein S, Kantermann T, Vetter C, Rotter M, Wang-Sattler R, Lehnert M, Pallapies D, Jöckel KH, Brüning T, Behrens T. Night work, chronotype and cortisol at awakening in female hospital employees. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6525. [PMID: 35443768 PMCID: PMC9021274 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10054-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To examine the effect of night shift on salivary cortisol at awakening (C1), 30 min later (C2), and on the cortisol awakening response (CAR, the difference between C2 and C1). We compared shift and non-shift workers with a focus on the impact of worker chronotype. Our study included 66 shift-working females (mean age = 37.3 years, SD = 10.2) and 21 non-shift working females (mean age = 47.0 years, SD = 8.9). The shift workers collected their saliva samples at C1 and C2 on each two consecutive day shifts and night shifts. Non-shift workers collected their samples on two consecutive day shifts. We applied linear mixed-effects models (LMM) to determine the effect of night shift on CAR and log-transformed C1 and C2 levels. LMMs were stratified by chronotype group. Compared to non-shift workers, shift workers before day shifts (i.e. after night sleep) showed lower cortisol at C1 (exp [Formula: see text]=0.58, 95% CI 0.42, 0.81) but not at C2. In shift workers, the CARs after night shifts (i.e. after day sleep) were lower compared to CARs before day shifts ([Formula: see text]= - 11.07, 95% CI - 15.64, - 6.50). This effect was most pronounced in early chronotypes (early: [Formula: see text]= - 16.61, 95% CI - 27.87, - 5.35; intermediate: [Formula: see text]= - 11.82, 95% CI - 18.35, - 5.29; late: [Formula: see text]= - 6.27, 95% CI - 14.28, 1.74). Chronotype did not modify the association between night shift and CAR. In our population of shift workers, there was a mismatch between time of waking up and their natural cortisol peak at waking up (CAR) both during day and night shift duties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Burek
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Sylvia Rabstein
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Kantermann
- Institute for Labor and Personnel (IAP), University of Applied Sciences for Economics and Management (FOM), Essen, Germany.,SynOpus, Bochum, Germany
| | - Céline Vetter
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.,XIMES GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Rotter
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rui Wang-Sattler
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Lehnert
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Dirk Pallapies
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Behrens
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
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Casjens S, Brenscheidt F, Tisch A, Beermann B, Brüning T, Behrens T, Rabstein S. Social jetlag and sleep debts are altered in different rosters of night shift work. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262049. [PMID: 34995309 PMCID: PMC8740972 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Night and shift work are suspected to cause various adverse effects on health and sleep. Sleep deprivation through shift work is assumed to be compensated on free days. So far it is not clear how different shift systems and shift lengths affect sleep structure on work and free days. Especially working night shifts disrupts the circadian rhythm but also extended working hours (12h) might affect sleep characteristics. Hitherto, the magnitude of sleep debt, social jetlag, and Locomotor Inactivity During Sleep (LIDS) in different shift systems is unknown. Methods Here, we investigated the impact of five different shift rosters on sleep in 129 industrial workers from Germany. Permanent night work with multiple shift systems with and without night shifts and with different shift lengths were compared. Wrist-activity was monitored over 28 days revealing sleep on- and offsets as well as LIDS as proxy for sleep quality. Overall, 3,865 sleep bouts comprising 22,310 hours of sleep were examined. Results The mean daily age-adjusted sleep duration (including naps) was 6:43h and did not differ between shift workers of different rosters. However, sleep duration on workdays was particularly low in rotational shift systems with 12h-shifts (5:00h), while overall sleep debt was highest. Shift workers showed a median absolute social jetlag of 3:03h, which differed considerably between shift types and rosters (p<0.0001). Permanent night workers had the highest social jetlag (5:08h) and latest mid-sleeps on workdays and free days. Sleep quality was reduced in permanent night shift workers compared with shift workers in other rosters and differed between daytime and nighttime sleep. Conclusions Shift work leads to partial sleep deprivation, which particularly affects workers in 12h-shifts and permanent night shifts. Working these shifts resulted in higher sleep debts and larger absolute social jetlag whereas sleep quality was especially reduced in permanent night shift workers compared with shift workers of other rosters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swaantje Casjens
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Frank Brenscheidt
- Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Anita Tisch
- Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Beate Beermann
- Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Behrens
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Sylvia Rabstein
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
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Behrens T, Burek K, Rabstein S, Wichert K, Erbel R, Eisele L, Arendt M, Dragano N, Brüning T, Jöckel KH. Impact of shift work on the risk of depression. Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:1761-1775. [PMID: 34384291 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1962903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We studied the association between shift work and depressive symptoms in the prospective Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study, considering various demographic, lifestyle and work-related factors. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D)-Scale (≥17 points defined as high symptoms) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) with a cutoff ≥9, or prescription of an anti-depressant. The definition of shift work included work hours outside 7:00 to 18:00, whereas night work was defined as a shift including work between 0:00 and 5:00. Poisson regression with robust error variances was calculated to estimate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusted for age at follow-up, diurnal preference, monthly household income and education. Analyses were stratified by sex. We performed various sensitivity and stratified analyses to test the robustness of our results. At baseline, 1,500 gainfully employed subjects, 45-73 years of age and without a history of depression, were included. Until the 5-year follow-up, 896 participants were observed, and 486 participants survived through the 10-year follow-up. Although most analyses did not reach the level of formal statistical significance, women working night shifts tended to show increased relative risks for depressive symptoms according to the PHQ (RR = 1.78; 95% CI 0.71-4.45), in particular when working night shifts for ≥20 years (RR = 2.70; 95% CI 0.48-15.4). Stratification by age group revealed no increased risks among women above 60 years of age. Stratified analyses indicated that over-commitment was associated with higher risks for depressive symptoms among women (RR = 4.59; 95% CI 0.95-22.2 in the CES-D and RR = 12.7; 95% CI 2.89-56.1 in the PHQ). Exclusion of subgroups for the purpose of sensitivity analyses generally strengthened associations in women, whereas little evidence for an increased risk of depression remained among male shift workers. In summary, negative effects on depression were suggested among female shift workers, although results were based on small numbers. Among men, we did not identify consistently increased risks for depressive symptoms in relation to shift work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Behrens
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Burek
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sylvia Rabstein
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Katharina Wichert
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Raimund Erbel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lewin Eisele
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marina Arendt
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Nico Dragano
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Wichert K, Rabstein S, Stang A, Erbel R, Eisele L, Arendt M, Keimer A, Dragano N, Hoffmann W, Lerch MM, Roskoden FC, Schmidt CO, Völzke H, Jöckel KH, Brüning T, Behrens T. Associations between shift work and risk of colorectal cancer in two German cohort studies. Chronobiol Int 2020; 37:1235-1243. [PMID: 32654542 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1782930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The association between shift work and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) is still unclear. Therefore, we studied the associations between exposure to shift or night work and incident CRC in two German population-based cohort studies, the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study (HNR) and the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP). Including up to 6,903 participants, we analyzed the cohorts pooled and individually. We estimated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with adjusted log-linear Poisson regression models with the natural logarithm of person-years as offset and performed subgroup analyses by sex and tumor localization in HNR. The pooled analysis revealed no increased risks for men working in night shifts (IRR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.62; 1.71). In male HNR participants, we found an increased risk estimate for cancer of the distal colon in shift workers (IRR: 1.60, 95% CI: 0.53; 4.87) and in shift workers who did not perform night work (IRR: 3.93, 95% CI: 0.98; 15.70), but not in night workers. In SHIP, we observed elevated CRC risk estimates for rotating shift work including night work (IRR: 1.45, 95% CI: 0.72; 2.92) and for long-term exposure (IRR: 1.79, 95% CI: 0.81; 3.92) for men. In conclusion, night-shift work was not associated with CRC, although an increased risk was suggested for rotating shift work including nights in SHIP. The heterogeneity of shift-work jobs and schedules and associated lifestyle factors should be taken into account to disentangle a possible relationship between shift work and the risk for CRC in future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Wichert
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum , Germany
| | - Sylvia Rabstein
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum , Germany
| | - Andreas Stang
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Duisburg-Essen , Essen, Germany
| | - Raimund Erbel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Duisburg-Essen , Essen, Germany
| | - Lewin Eisele
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Duisburg-Essen , Essen, Germany
| | - Marina Arendt
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Duisburg-Essen , Essen, Germany.,Department of Computer Science, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Dortmund , Dortmund, Germany
| | - Andrea Keimer
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Duisburg-Essen , Essen, Germany
| | - Nico Dragano
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Duisburg-Essen , Essen, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Institute for Medical Sociology, University of Düsseldorf , Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hoffmann
- SHIP/KEF, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald , Greifswald, Germany
| | - Markus M Lerch
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald , Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Carsten Oliver Schmidt
- SHIP/KEF, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald , Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- SHIP/KEF, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald , Greifswald, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Duisburg-Essen , Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum , Germany
| | - Thomas Behrens
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum , Germany
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7
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Price LLA, Udovičić L, Behrens T, van Drongelen A, Garde AH, Hogenelst K, Jensen MA, Khazova M, Nowak K, Rabstein S, Romanus E, Wolska A. Linking the non-visual effects of light exposure with occupational health. Int J Epidemiol 2019; 48:1393-1397. [PMID: 31257447 PMCID: PMC6857759 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyz131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luke L A Price
- Radiation Dosimetry Department, Public Health England (PHE), Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Didcot, UK
| | - Ljiljana Udovičić
- Physical Agents Unit, Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Thomas Behrens
- Center of Epidemiology, Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Alwin van Drongelen
- Healthy Living Unit, The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Helene Garde
- Department of Psychosocial Work Environment, National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Koen Hogenelst
- Healthy Living Unit, The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Marie Aarrebo Jensen
- Department of Psychosocial Work Environment, National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marina Khazova
- Radiation Dosimetry Department, Public Health England (PHE), Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Didcot, UK
| | - Kamila Nowak
- Central Institute for Labour Protection - National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB), Warszawa, Poland
| | - Sylvia Rabstein
- Center of Epidemiology, Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Erik Romanus
- Physical Agents Unit, Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Wolska
- Central Institute for Labour Protection - National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB), Warszawa, Poland
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8
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Rabstein S, Burek K, Lehnert M, Beine A, Vetter C, Harth V, Putzke S, Kantermann T, Walther J, Wang-Sattler R, Pallapies D, Brüning T, Behrens T. Differences in twenty-four-hour profiles of blue-light exposure between day and night shifts in female medical staff. Sci Total Environ 2019; 653:1025-1033. [PMID: 30759543 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Light is the strongest zeitgeber currently known for the synchronization of the human circadian timing system. Especially shift workers are exposed to altered daily light profiles. Our objective is the characterization of differences in blue-light exposures between day and night shift taking into consideration modifying factors such as chronotype. We describe 24-hour blue-light profiles as measured with ambient light data loggers (LightWatcher) during up to three consecutive days with either day or night shifts in 100 female hospital staff including 511 observations. Linear mixed models were applied to analyze light profiles and to select time-windows for the analysis of associations between shift work, individual factors, and log mean light exposures as well as the duration of darkness per day. Blue-light profiles reflected different daily activities and were mainly influenced by work time. Except for evening (7-9 p.m.), all time windows showed large differences in blue-light exposures between day and night shifts. Night work reduced the duration of darkness per day by almost 4 h (β^ = -3:48 hh:mm, 95% CI (-4:27; -3.09)). Late chronotypes had higher light exposures in the morning and evening compared to women with intermediate chronotype (e.g. morning β^ = 0.50 log(mW/m2/nm), 95% CI (0.08; 0.93)). Women with children had slightly higher light exposures in the afternoon than women without children (β^ = 0.48, 95% CI (-0.10; 1,06)). Time windows for the description of light should be chosen carefully with regard to timing of shifts. Our results are helpful for future studies to capture relevant light exposure differences and potential collinearities with individual factors. Improvement of well-being of shift workers with altered light profiles may therefore require consideration of both - light at the workplace and outside working hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Rabstein
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany.
| | - Katarzyna Burek
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Martin Lehnert
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Alexandra Beine
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Céline Vetter
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Volker Harth
- Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simone Putzke
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Kantermann
- University of Applied Sciences for Economics and Management (FOM), Essen, Germany; SynOpus, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jörg Walther
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Rui Wang-Sattler
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - Dirk Pallapies
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Behrens
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
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9
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Hertel J, Rotter M, Frenzel S, Zacharias HU, Krumsiek J, Rathkolb B, Hrabe de Angelis M, Rabstein S, Pallapies D, Brüning T, Grabe HJ, Wang-Sattler R. Dilution correction for dynamically influenced urinary analyte data. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1032:18-31. [PMID: 30143216 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Urinary analyte data has to be corrected for the sample specific dilution as the dilution varies intra- and interpersonally dramatically, leading to non-comparable concentration measures. Most methods of dilution correction utilized nowadays like probabilistic quotient normalization or total spectra normalization result in a division of the raw data by a dilution correction factor. Here, however, we show that the implicit assumption behind the application of division, log-linearity between the urinary flow rate and the raw urinary concentration, does not hold for analytes which are not in steady state in blood. We explicate the physiological reason for this short-coming in mathematical terms and demonstrate the empirical consequences via simulations and on multiple time-point metabolomic data, showing the insufficiency of division-based normalization procedures to account for the complex non-linear analyte specific dependencies on the urinary flow rate. By reformulating normalization as a regression problem, we propose an analyte specific way to remove the dilution variance via a flexible non-linear regression methodology which then was shown to be more effective in comparison to division-based normalization procedures. In the progress, we developed several, easily applicable methods of normalization diagnostics to decide on the method of dilution correction in a given sample. On the way, we identified furthermore the time-span since last urination as an important variance factor in urinary metabolome data which is until now completely neglected. In conclusion, we present strong theoretical and empirical evidence that normalization has to be analyte specific in dynamically influenced data. Accordingly, we developed a normalization methodology for removing the dilution variance in urinary data respecting the single analyte kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Hertel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Markus Rotter
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany
| | - Stefan Frenzel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Jan Krumsiek
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany; Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Birgit Rathkolb
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München, Germany; Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Sciences, And Center for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Germany; German Mouse Clinic (GMC), Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabe de Angelis
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München, Germany; Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany; Chair of Experimental Genetics, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Germany
| | - Sylvia Rabstein
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Germany
| | - Dirk Pallapies
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Germany
| | - Hans J Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/ Greifswald, Germany
| | - Rui Wang-Sattler
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München, Germany
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10
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Abstract
We studied determinants of Vitamin D in serum of 67 female health care workers (aged 25-60 years), including age, body mass index, physical activity, and shift work. Overall, vitamin D levels were low, ranging from 6 to 51 ng/mL (median: 20 ng/mL). Lower serum levels were found in samples drawn in winter and spring and in obese subjects. Shift work had only small effects on vitamin D levels. The high prevalence of vitamin D undersupply is in line with observations from the German general population. Vitamin D supply particularly in winter and spring should be ensured to avoid health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lehnert
- a Center for Epidemiology, Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance , Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA) , Bochum , Germany
| | - Alexandra Beine
- b Center for Medicine, Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance , Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA) , Bochum , Germany
| | - Katarzyna Burek
- a Center for Epidemiology, Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance , Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA) , Bochum , Germany
| | - Simone Putzke
- a Center for Epidemiology, Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance , Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA) , Bochum , Germany
| | - Stephan Schlösser
- c Occupational physician at BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil , Bochum , Germany
| | - Dirk Pallapies
- a Center for Epidemiology, Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance , Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA) , Bochum , Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- d Director of the Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance , Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA) , Bochum , Germany
| | - Thomas Behrens
- a Center for Epidemiology, Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance , Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA) , Bochum , Germany
| | - Sylvia Rabstein
- a Center for Epidemiology, Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance , Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA) , Bochum , Germany
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11
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Cordina-Duverger E, Menegaux F, Popa A, Rabstein S, Harth V, Pesch B, Brüning T, Fritschi L, Glass DC, Heyworth JS, Erren TC, Castaño-Vinyals G, Papantoniou K, Espinosa A, Kogevinas M, Grundy A, Spinelli JJ, Aronson KJ, Guénel P. Night shift work and breast cancer: a pooled analysis of population-based case–control studies with complete work history. Eur J Epidemiol 2018; 33:369-379. [DOI: 10.1007/s10654-018-0368-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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12
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Behrens T, Rabstein S, Wichert K, Erbel R, Eisele L, Arendt M, Dragano N, Brüning T, Jöckel KH. Shift work and the incidence of prostate cancer: a 10-year follow-up of a German population-based cohort study. Scand J Work Environ Health 2017; 43:560-568. [PMID: 28879368 DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.3666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives We investigated the association of shift and night work with the incidence of prostate cancer using data of the population-based prospective Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study from the highly industrialized Ruhr area in Germany. Methods Participants of the baseline survey were recruited between 2000-2003. A follow-up survey including, a detailed interview on shift and night work, was conducted from 2011-2014. We included 1757 men who did not report a history of prostate cancer at baseline. We assessed shift- and night-work exposure up to time of the baseline interview. Incident prostate cancers were recorded from baseline through September 2014. We calculated hazard ratios (HR) of shift- and night-work exposure using Cox proportional hazards regression with age at event as timescale, adjusting for smoking status, family history of prostate cancer, education (≤13, 14-17, ≥18 years), and equivalent income (low, medium, high). Results We observed a twofold increased HR for prostate cancer among shift and night workers. Ever employment in shift work was associated with HR 2.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.43-3.67 and night work with HR 2.27, 95% CI 1.42-3.64. HR increased steadily with duration of employment in shift or night work. Stratifying analyses by preferred midpoint of sleep, yielded strongly elevated HR among subjects with early sleep preference, although these analyses were limited by small number of cases. Conclusions We identified increased risks for prostate cancer among men with employment in shift or night work. HR were strongly elevated among long-term employed shift workers and men with early preferred midpoint of sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Behrens
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany.
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13
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Behrens T, Rabstein S, Wichert K, Dragano N, Arendt M, Brüning T, Jöckel KH. Schichtarbeit und Prostatakrebs. Das Gesundheitswesen 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1605790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Behrens
- Institut für Prävention und Arbeitsmedizin der Deutschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung, Institut der Ruhr-Universität, Bochum
| | - S Rabstein
- Institut für Prävention und Arbeitsmedizin der Deutschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung, Institut der Ruhr-Universität, Bochum
| | - K Wichert
- Institut für Prävention und Arbeitsmedizin der Deutschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung, Institut der Ruhr-Universität, Bochum
| | - N Dragano
- Institut für Medizinische Soziologie, Centre for Health and Society, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf
| | - M Arendt
- Institut für Medizinische Informatik, Biometrie und Epidemiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen
| | - T Brüning
- Institut für Prävention und Arbeitsmedizin der Deutschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung, Institut der Ruhr-Universität, Bochum
| | - KH Jöckel
- Institut für Medizinische Informatik, Biometrie und Epidemiologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen
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14
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Lehnert M, Beine A, Gawrych K, Behrens T, Brüning T, Rabstein S. Vitamin D-Versorgung bei Krankenschwestern der Bergmannsheilstudie. Das Gesundheitswesen 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1605789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Lehnert
- Institut für Prävention und Arbeitsmedizin der DGUV (IPA), Epidemiologie, Bochum
| | - A Beine
- Institut für Prävention und Arbeitsmedizin der DGUV (IPA), Epidemiologie, Bochum
| | - K Gawrych
- Institut für Prävention und Arbeitsmedizin der DGUV (IPA), Epidemiologie, Bochum
| | - T Behrens
- Institut für Prävention und Arbeitsmedizin der DGUV (IPA), Epidemiologie, Bochum
| | - T Brüning
- Institut für Prävention und Arbeitsmedizin der DGUV (IPA), Epidemiologie, Bochum
| | - S Rabstein
- Institut für Prävention und Arbeitsmedizin der DGUV (IPA), Epidemiologie, Bochum
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15
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Riemann D, Baum E, Cohrs S, Crönlein T, Hajak G, Hertenstein E, Klose P, Langhorst J, Mayer G, Nissen C, Pollmächer T, Rabstein S, Schlarb A, Sitter H, Weeß HG, Wetter T, Spiegelhalder K. S3-Leitlinie Nicht erholsamer Schlaf/Schlafstörungen. Somnologie 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11818-016-0097-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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16
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Rotter M, Brandmaier S, Prehn C, Adam J, Rabstein S, Gawrych K, Brüning T, Illig T, Lickert H, Adamski J, Wang-Sattler R. Stability of targeted metabolite profiles of urine samples under different storage conditions. Metabolomics 2017; 13:4. [PMID: 27980503 PMCID: PMC5126183 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-016-1137-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Few studies have investigated the influence of storage conditions on urine samples and none of them used targeted mass spectrometry (MS). OBJECTIVES We investigated the stability of metabolite profiles in urine samples under different storage conditions using targeted metabolomics. METHODS Pooled, fasting urine samples were collected and stored at -80 °C (biobank standard), -20 °C (freezer), 4 °C (fridge), ~9 °C (cool pack), and ~20 °C (room temperature) for 0, 2, 8 and 24 h. Metabolite concentrations were quantified with MS using the AbsoluteIDQ™ p150 assay. We used the Welch-Satterthwaite-test to compare the concentrations of each metabolite. Mixed effects linear regression was used to assess the influence of the interaction of storage time and temperature. RESULTS The concentrations of 63 investigated metabolites were stable at -20 and 4 °C for up to 24 h when compared to samples immediately stored at -80 °C. When stored at ~9 °C for 24 h, few amino acids (Arg, Val and Leu/Ile) significantly decreased by 40% in concentration (P < 7.9E-04); for an additional three metabolites (Ser, Met, Hexose H1) when stored at ~20 °C reduced up to 60% in concentrations. The concentrations of four more metabolites (Glu, Phe, Pro, and Thr) were found to be significantly influenced when considering the interaction between exposure time and temperature. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that 78% of quantified metabolites were stable for all examined storage conditions. Particularly, some amino acid concentrations were sensitive to changes after prolonged storage at room temperature. Shipping or storing urine samples on cool packs or at room temperature for more than 8 h and multiple numbers of freeze and thaw cycles should be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Rotter
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Brandmaier
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Prehn
- Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jonathan Adam
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sylvia Rabstein
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Gawrych
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Illig
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Hannover Unified Biobank, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Heiko Lickert
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jerzy Adamski
- Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Experimental Genetics, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Rui Wang-Sattler
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
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Rabstein S, Harth V, Justenhoven C, Pesch B, Plöttner S, Heinze E, Lotz A, Baisch C, Schiffermann M, Brauch H, Hamann U, Ko Y, Brüning T. Polymorphisms in circadian genes, night work and breast cancer: results from the GENICA study. Chronobiol Int 2014; 31:1115-22. [PMID: 25229211 DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2014.957301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The role of genetic variants and environmental factors in breast cancer etiology has been intensively studied in the last decades. Gene-environment interactions are now increasingly being investigated to gain more insights into the development of breast cancer, specific subtypes, and therapeutics. Recently, night shift work that involves circadian disruption has gained rising interest as a potential non-genetic breast cancer risk factor. Here, we analyzed genetic polymorphisms in genes of cellular clocks, melatonin biosynthesis and signaling and their association with breast cancer as well as gene-gene and gene-night work interactions in a German case-control study on breast cancer. METHODS GENICA is a population-based case-control study on breast cancer conducted in the Greater Region of Bonn. Associations between seven polymorphisms in circadian genes (CLOCK, NPAS2, ARTNL, PER2 and CRY2), genes of melatonin biosynthesis and signaling (AANAT and MTNR1B) and breast cancer were analyzed with conditional logistic regression models, adjusted for potential confounders for 1022 cases and 1014 controls. Detailed shift-work information was documented for 857 breast cancer cases and 892 controls. Gene-gene and gene-shiftwork interactions were analyzed using model-based multifactor dimensionality reduction (mbMDR). RESULTS For combined heterozygotes and rare homozygotes a slightly elevated breast cancer risk was found for rs8150 in gene AANAT (OR 1.17; 95% CI 1.01-1.36), and a reduced risk for rs3816358 in gene ARNTL (OR 0.82; 95% CI 0.69-0.97) in the complete study population. In the subgroup of shift workers, rare homozygotes for rs10462028 in the CLOCK gene had an elevated risk of breast cancer (OR for AA vs. GG: 3.53; 95% CI 1.09-11.42). Shift work and CLOCK gene interactions were observed in the two-way interaction analysis. In addition, gene-shiftwork interactions were detected for MTNR1B with NPAS2 and ARNTL. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the results of our population-based case-control study support a putative role of the CLOCK gene in the development of breast cancer in shift workers. In addition, higher order interaction analyses suggest a potential relevance of MTNR1B with the key transcriptional factor NPAS2 with ARNTL. Hence, in the context of circadian disruption, multivariable models should be preferred that consider a wide range of polymorphisms, e.g. that may influence chronotype or light sensitivity. The investigation of these interactions in larger studies is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Rabstein
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA) , Bochum , Germany
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18
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Pesch B, Gawrych K, Rabstein S, Weiss T, Casjens S, Rihs HP, Ding H, Angerer J, Illig T, Klopp N, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Ros MM, Kaaks R, Chang-Claude J, Roswall N, Tjønneland A, Overvad K, Clavel-Chapelon F, Boutron-Ruault MC, Dossus L, Boeing H, Weikert S, Trichopoulos D, Palli D, Sieri S, Tumino R, Panico S, Quirós JR, González C, Sánchez MJ, Dorronsoro M, Navarro C, Barricarte A, Ljungberg B, Johansson M, Ulmert D, Ehrnström R, Khaw KT, Wareham N, Key TJ, Ferrari P, Romieu I, Riboli E, Brüning T, Vineis P. N-acetyltransferase 2 Phenotype, Occupation, and Bladder Cancer Risk: Results from the EPIC Cohort. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2013; 22:2055-65. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-13-0119-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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20
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Justenhoven C, Pentimalli D, Rabstein S, Harth V, Lotz A, Pesch B, Brüning T, Dörk T, Schürmann P, Bogdanova N, Park-Simon TW, Couch FJ, Olson JE, Fasching PA, Beckmann MW, Häberle L, Ekici A, Hall P, Czene K, Liu J, Li J, Baisch C, Hamann U, Ko YD, Brauch H. CYP2B6*6 is associated with increased breast cancer risk. Int J Cancer 2013; 134:426-30. [PMID: 23824676 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2013] [Revised: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) is involved in the metabolism of testosterone. Functional changes in this enzyme may influence endogenous hormone exposure, which has been associated with risk of breast cancer. To assess potential associations between two functional polymorphisms CYP2B6_516_G>T (rs3745274) and CYP2B6_785_A>G (rs2279343) and breast cancer risk, we established a specific matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry assay. The GENICA breast cancer case-control study showed associations between the variant genotypes CYP2B6_516_TT and CYP2B6_785_GG and breast cancer risk with odds ratios (ORs) of 1.34 (p = 0.001) and 1.31 (p = 0.002), respectively. A similar effect was observed for carriers of the CYP2B6_516_T allele in a validation study including four independent studies from Germany, Sweden and USA. In a pooled analysis of all five studies involving 4,638 breast cancer cases and 3,594 controls of European ancestry, carriers of the CYP2B6_516_G and the CYP2B6_785_G variant had an increased breast cancer risk with ORs of 1.10 (p = 0.027) and 1.10 (p = 0.031), respectively. We conclude that the genetic variants CYP2B6_516_G and CYP2B6_785_G (designated CYP2B6*6), which are known to decrease activity of the CYP2B6 enzyme, contribute to an increased breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Justenhoven
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Tübingen, Stuttgart, Germany
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Justenhoven C, Obazee O, Winter S, Rabstein S, Lotz A, Harth V, Pesch B, Brüning T, Baisch C, Hartikainen JM, Mannermaa A, Kosma VM, Kataja V, Winqvist R, Pylkäs K, Jukkola-Vuorinen A, Grip M, Fasching PA, Beckmann M, Ekici AB, Hein A, Hall P, Li J, Chang-Claude J, Flesch-Janys D, Seibold P, Rudolph A, Hamann U, Ko YD, Brauch H. The UGT1A6_19_GG genotype is a breast cancer risk factor. Front Genet 2013; 4:104. [PMID: 23781229 PMCID: PMC3677984 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2013.00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Validation of an association between the UGT1A6_19_T>G (rs6759892) polymorphism and overall breast cancer risk. A pilot study included two population-based case-control studies from Germany (MARIE-GENICA). An independent validation study comprised four independent breast cancer case-control studies from Finland (KBCP, OBCS), Germany (BBCC), and Sweden (SASBAC). The pooled analysis included 7418 cases and 8720 controls from all six studies. Participants were of European descent. Genotyping was done by MALDI-TOF MS and statistical analysis was performed by logistic regression adjusted for age and study. The increased overall breast cancer risk for women with the UGT1A6_19_GG genotype which was observed in the pilot study was confirmed in the set of four independent study collections (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.05–1.22; p = 0.001). The pooled study showed a similar effect (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.04–1.14; p = 0.001). The risk effect on the basis of allele frequencies was highly significant, the pooled analysis showed an OR of 1.11 (95% CI 1.06–1.16; p = 5.8 × 10−6). We confirmed the association of UGT1A6_19_GG with increased overall breast cancer risk and conclude that our result from a well powered multi-stage study adds a novel candidate to the panel of validated breast cancer susceptibility loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Justenhoven
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Tuebingen Stuttgart, Germany
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Obazee OM, Justenhoven C, Winter S, Rabstein S, Lotz A, Harth V, Pesch B, Brüning T, Baisch C, Hartikainen JM, Mannermaa A, Winqvist R, Fasching P, Hall P, Chang-Claude J, Hamann U, Ko YD, Brauch H. Abstract 1337: The UGT1A6_19_GG genotype is associated with increased breast cancer risk based on a two-stage study. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-1337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Over 20 breast cancer susceptibility loci have been identified mainly by genome-wide association studies (GWAS). These include Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR2) and loci close to the cell cycle regulator Cyclin D1 (CCND1) at 11q13. Phase I and II enzymes are anticipated to also contribute to breast cancer risk due to their roles in the inactivation, detoxification and elimination of endogenous and exogenous carcinogenic compounds. However, a GWAS approach is inappropriate for many genes due to their high degree of sequence homologies. For the UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A6 (UGT1A6), a key player in Phase II steroid metabolism, we pursued a candidate approach using a specific assay design for gene amplification. We focused on the UGT1A6_19_T>G polymorphism (rs6759892) because this variant has been suggested to decrease enzyme activity. Moreover, our prior efforts showed an association between the UGT1A6_19_GG genotype and increased breast cancer risk (OR 1.17; 95% CI: 1.03-1.34; p = 0.014) in two population-based breast cancer case-control studies from Germany (3,139 cases and 5,466 controls) (MARIE-GENICA, 2010, Breast Cancer Res Treat 119:463-74). To validate these findings we extended the analysis to four independent study collections from Finland (KBCP, OBCS), Germany (BBCC) and Sweden (SASBAC) comprising 3,635 cases and 2,648 controls. Moreover, we performed a pooled analysis of all study subjects (7,418 cases and 8,720 controls) all being of European descent. UGT1A6_19_T>G genotyping was done by Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and statistical analysis by logistic regression adjusted for age and study using SPSS. Power calculation was done with nQuery Advisor ® which showed that the pooled study had an 80% power to detect a minimum OR of 1.06 (α = 0.05, two-sided test). The analysis of the BBCC, KBCP, OBCS and SASBAC collections confirmed our previous findings showing an increased overall breast cancer risk among women with the UGT1A6_19_GG genotype (OR 1.13; 95% CI: 1.05-1.22; p = 0.001). The pooled study showed a similar effect (OR 1.09; 95% CI: 1.04-1.14; p = 0.0004). We conclude based on the significant association between the UGT1A6_19_GG variant and breast cancer that a decreased conjugation activity of UGT1A6 might elevate the exposure to carcinogenic compounds thereby increasing the risk of breast cancer.
Citation Format: Ofure M. Obazee, Christina Justenhoven, Stefan Winter, Sylvia Rabstein, Anne Lotz, Volker Harth, Beate Pesch, Thomas Brüning, Christian Baisch, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Arto Mannermaa, Robert Winqvist, Peter Fasching, Per Hall, Jenny Chang-Claude, Ute Hamann, Yon-Dschun Ko, Hiltrud Brauch. The UGT1A6_19_GG genotype is associated with increased breast cancer risk based on a two-stage study. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1337. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1337
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofure M. Obazee
- 1Dr. Margarete Fischer Bosch Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Christina Justenhoven
- 1Dr. Margarete Fischer Bosch Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Stefan Winter
- 1Dr. Margarete Fischer Bosch Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sylvia Rabstein
- 2Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Anne Lotz
- 2Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Volker Harth
- 3Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center and Saarland University Faculty of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | - Beate Pesch
- 2Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- 2Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Christian Baisch
- 4Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelische Kliniken Bonn gGmbH, Johanniter Krankenhaus, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jaana M. Hartikainen
- 5School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland; Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, Biocenter Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Arto Mannermaa
- 5School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland; Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, Biocenter Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Robert Winqvist
- 6Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Department of Clinical Genetics and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Peter Fasching
- 7Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Per Hall
- 8Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- 9Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ute Hamann
- 10Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yon-Dschun Ko
- 4Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelische Kliniken Bonn gGmbH, Johanniter Krankenhaus, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hiltrud Brauch
- 1Dr. Margarete Fischer Bosch Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
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Rabstein S, Harth V, Pesch B, Pallapies D, Lotz A, Justenhoven C, Baisch C, Schiffermann M, Haas S, Fischer HP, Heinze E, Pierl C, Brauch H, Hamann U, Ko Y, Brüning T. Night work and breast cancer estrogen receptor status – results from the German GENICA study. Scand J Work Environ Health 2013; 39:448-55. [DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.3360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Bermejo JL, Kabisch M, Dünnebier T, Schnaidt S, Melchior F, Fischer HP, Harth V, Rabstein S, Pesch B, Brüning T, Justenhoven C, Brauch H, Baisch C, Ko YD, Hamann U. Exploring the association between genetic variation in the SUMO isopeptidase geneUSPL1and breast cancer through integration of data from the population-based GENICA study and external genetic databases. Int J Cancer 2013; 133:362-72. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Justo Lorenzo Bermejo
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics (IMBI); University Hospital Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 305; 69120; Heidelberg; Germany
| | - Maria Kabisch
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer; Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ); Im Neuenheimer Feld 580; 69120; Heidelberg; Germany
| | - Thomas Dünnebier
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer; Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ); Im Neuenheimer Feld 580; 69120; Heidelberg; Germany
| | - Sven Schnaidt
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics (IMBI); University Hospital Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 305; 69120; Heidelberg; Germany
| | - Frauke Melchior
- Center for Molecular Biology at Heidelberg University (ZMBH); DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance; Im Neuenheimer Feld 282; 69120; Heidelberg; Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Fischer
- Institute of Pathology; Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn; Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25; 53123; Bonn; Germany
| | | | - Sylvia Rabstein
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA); Bürkle-de-la-Camp Platz 1; 44789; Bochum; Germany
| | - Beate Pesch
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA); Bürkle-de-la-Camp Platz 1; 44789; Bochum; Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA); Bürkle-de-la-Camp Platz 1; 44789; Bochum; Germany
| | - Christina Justenhoven
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology; Auerbachstraße 112; 70376; Stuttgart, and University of Tübingen; Tübingen; Germany
| | - Hiltrud Brauch
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology; Auerbachstraße 112; 70376; Stuttgart, and University of Tübingen; Tübingen; Germany
| | - Christian Baisch
- Department of Internal Medicine; Evangelische Kliniken Bonn gGmbH, Johanniter Krankenhaus; Johanniterstraße 3-5; 53113; Bonn; Germany
| | - Yon-Dschun Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine; Evangelische Kliniken Bonn gGmbH, Johanniter Krankenhaus; Johanniterstraße 3-5; 53113; Bonn; Germany
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer; Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ); Im Neuenheimer Feld 580; 69120; Heidelberg; Germany
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Obazee O, Justenhoven C, Winter S, Chang-Claude J, Rudolph A, Seibold P, Flesch-Janys D, Hannelius U, Li J, Humphreys K, Hall P, Giles G, Severi G, Baglietto L, Southey M, Rabstein S, Harth V, Lotz A, Pesch B, Brüning T, Baisch C, Ko YD, Hamann U, Brauch H. Confirmation of the reduction of hormone replacement therapy-related breast cancer risk for carriers of the HSD17B1_937_G variant. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2013; 138:543-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-013-2448-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Rabstein S, Behrens T, Brüning T. Light exposure and melatonin among rotating shift nurses--letter. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012; 21:557; author reply 558. [PMID: 22328348 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-11-1081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Justenhoven C, Obazee O, Winter S, Couch FJ, Olson JE, Hall P, Hannelius U, Li J, Humphreys K, Severi G, Giles G, Southey M, Baglietto L, Fasching PA, Beckmann MW, Ekici AB, Hamann U, Baisch C, Harth V, Rabstein S, Lotz A, Pesch B, Brüning T, Ko YD, Brauch H. The postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy-related breast cancer risk is decreased in women carrying the CYP2C19*17 variant. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2011; 131:347-50. [PMID: 22037784 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-011-1827-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lang T, Justenhoven C, Winter S, Baisch C, Hamann U, Harth V, Ko YD, Rabstein S, Spickenheuer A, Pesch B, Brüning T, Schwab M, Brauch H. The earwax-associated SNP c.538G>A (G180R) in ABCC11 is not associated with breast cancer risk in Europeans. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2011; 129:993-9. [PMID: 21655989 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-011-1613-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Accepted: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Genetic polymorphisms of human ABC-transporter genes have been suggested to modulate breast cancer risk in the general population. In particular ABCC11 (MRP8), which is highly expressed in breast cancer tissue and involved in the efflux of conjugated estrogen metabolites such as estrone-3-sulfate and estradiol-17beta-glucuronide, has recently been proposed as a potential risk factor for female breast cancer. The wet earwax-associated G-allele of the c.538G>A polymorphism was associated with an increased risk for breast cancer in Japanese women. In contrast, no evidence for such an association could be observed in Caucasian women. We aimed to confirm/refute the association of the c.538G>A variant in ABCC11 with breast cancer risk and/or histo-pathological tumor characteristics in an independent population-based breast cancer case-control study from Germany comprising 1021 cases and 1015 age-matched controls. No association for allele and genotype frequencies of the 538G>A variant in ABCB11 with breast cancer risk was found. Our data suggest that the c.538G>A variation in ABCC11 does not contribute to breast carcinogenesis in women of European descent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lang
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Auerbachstrasse 112, 70376 Stuttgart, Germany
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Dünnebier T, Schlaefer K, Gilbert M, Baisch C, Justenhoven C, Brauch H, Harth V, Spickenheuer A, Rabstein S, Pesch B, Brüning T, Ko YD, Hamann U. No association of polymorphisms in the cell polarity gene SCRIB with breast cancer risk. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2010; 127:259-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-010-1194-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Accepted: 09/23/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Rabstein S, Brüning T, Harth V, Fischer H, Haas S, Christina J, Illig T, Vollmert C, Christian B, Spickenheuer A, Hamann U, Brauch H, Pesch B. Untersuchung des Einflusses einer differenzierten Klassifizierung des NAT2-Acetyliererstatus als potenzieller Suszeptibilitätsfaktor für Brustkrebs. Gesundheitswesen 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1266493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Justenhoven C, Winter S, Dünnebier T, Hamann U, Baisch C, Rabstein S, Spickenheuer A, Harth V, Pesch B, Brüning T, Ko YD, Brauch H. Combined UGT1A1 and UGT1A6 genotypes together with a stressful life event increase breast cancer risk. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2010; 124:289-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-010-1093-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2010] [Accepted: 07/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Justenhoven C, Schaeffeler E, Winter S, Baisch C, Hamann U, Harth V, Rabstein S, Spickenheuer A, Pesch B, Brüning T, Ko YD, Schwab M, Brauch H. Polymorphisms of the nuclear receptor pregnane X receptor and organic anion transporter polypeptides 1A2, 1B1, 1B3, and 2B1 are not associated with breast cancer risk. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2010; 125:563-9. [PMID: 20635135 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-010-1046-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 07/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Organic anion transporter polypeptides (OATPs, SLCOs) are involved in the uptake of conjugates steroid hormones such as estrone-3-sulfate. It has been suggested that the expression of OATPs in breast tissues could impact breast carcinogenesis and tumor pathology. The nuclear receptor pregnane X receptor (PXR) is involved in the regulation of SLCO1A2 expression. We investigated 31 variants located in PXR, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B1, SLCO1B3, and SLCO2B1 for an association with breast cancer risk and/or histo-pathological tumor characteristics. Polymorphisms were selected on the basis of a known or potential functional consequence and an allele frequency >2%. Genotyping was performed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry using the GENICA population-based breast cancer case-control collection comprising 1,021 cases and 1,015 age-matched controls. Statistical analysis was performed by SAS, and all tests were two-sided. None of the 31 analyzed transporter and PXR polymorphisms showed an association with breast cancer risk or tumor characteristics. Our data suggest that among the many known transporters common variations of PXR, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B1, SLCO1B3, and SLCO2B1 do not contribute to breast carcinogenesis.
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Pesch B, Harth V, Rabstein S, Baisch C, Schiffermann M, Pallapies D, Bonberg N, Heinze E, Spickenheuer A, Justenhoven C, Brauch H, Hamann U, Ko Y, Straif K, Brüning T. Night work and breast cancer – results from the German GENICA study. Scand J Work Environ Health 2009; 36:134-41. [DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.2890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Dünnebier T, Bermejo JL, Haas S, Fischer HP, Pierl CB, Justenhoven C, Brauch H, Baisch C, Gilbert M, Harth V, Spickenheuer A, Rabstein S, Pesch B, Brüning T, Ko YD, Hamann U. Polymorphisms in the UBC9 and PIAS3 genes of the SUMO-conjugating system and breast cancer risk. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2009; 121:185-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-009-0530-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2009] [Accepted: 08/26/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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van Kampen V, Merget R, Rabstein S, Sander I, Bruening T, Broding HC, Keller C, Muesken H, Overlack A, Schultze-Werninghaus G, Walusiak J, Raulf-Heimsoth M. Comparison of wheat and rye flour solutions for skin prick testing: a multi-centre study (Stad 1). Clin Exp Allergy 2009; 39:1896-902. [PMID: 19709069 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2009.03342.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin prick testing (SPT) is the basic method for diagnosing IgE-mediated allergies. However, skin reactivity is related to the quality of allergen extracts, which are often poorly defined for occupational allergens. OBJECTIVE To compare wheat and rye flour SPT solutions from different producers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Standardized SPTs were performed in seven allergy centres with wheat and rye flour solutions from four producers in 125 symptomatic bakers. Optimal cut-off levels for weal sizes were assessed with the Youden Index. Comparisons between SPT results of different solutions were made with flour-specific IgE (sIgE) as the gold standard. Sensitivities, specificities, positive and negative predictive values, and test efficiencies were calculated and compared with McNemar and chi(2)-tests. The influence of the choice of the gold standard (sIgE or challenge) test was examined for 95 subjects. Additionally, SPT solutions were analysed for protein and antigen content. RESULTS The optimal cut-off level for all SPT solutions was a weal size of >or=1.5 mm. While differences between wheat and rye flours were small, differences between producers were important. Variability of sensitivities (0.31-0.96), negative predictive values (0.42-0.91), and test efficiencies (0.54-0.90) were higher than variations of specificities (0.74-1.00) and positive predictive values (0.88-1.00). Similar results were obtained when using challenge test results as the gold standard. Variability could be explained by the different antigen contents of the SPT solutions. CONCLUSION There is a wide variability of SPT solutions for wheat and rye flour from different producers, mainly with respect to sensitivities, negative predictive values, and test efficiencies. Improvement and standardization of SPT solutions used for the diagnosis of baker's asthma are highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- V van Kampen
- BGFA - Research Institute of Occupational Medicine, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany.
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Dünnebier T, Bermejo JL, Haas S, Fischer HP, Pierl CB, Justenhoven C, Brauch H, Baisch C, Gilbert M, Harth V, Spickenheuer A, Rabstein S, Pesch B, Brüning T, Ko YD, Hamann U. Common variants in theUBC9gene encoding the SUMO-conjugating enzyme are associated with breast tumor grade. Int J Cancer 2009; 125:596-602. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Justenhoven C, Pierl CB, Haas S, Fischer HP, Hamann U, Baisch C, Harth V, Spickenheuer A, Rabstein S, Vollmert C, Illig T, Pesch B, Brüning T, Dippon J, Ko YD, Brauch H. Polymorphic loci of E2F2, CCND1 and CCND3 are associated with HER2 status of breast tumors. Int J Cancer 2009; 124:2077-81. [PMID: 19142864 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in breast tumors is associated with bad prognosis. Therefore, it is highly relevant to further improve understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of HER2 expression. In addition to gene amplification, transcriptional regulation plays a crucial role in HER2 overexpression. In this study, we analyzed 3 polymorphisms E2F2_-5368_A>G, CCND1_870_A>G and CCND3_-677_C>T located in genes involved in cell cycle regulation in the GENICA population-based and age-matched breast cancer case-control study from Germany. We genotyped 1,021 cases and 1,015 controls by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Statistical analyses were performed by conditional logistic regression. We observed no differences in genotype frequencies between breast cancer cases and controls. Subgroup analysis showed associations between carriers of the E2F2_-5368_G allele (OR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.42-0.85), carriers of the CCND1_870_G allele (OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.45-0.96) and carriers of the CCND3_-677_T allele (OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.20-2.49) and HER2 expression in breast tumors. This finding points to an association of an increased expression of these cell cycle regulators with lower expression of HER2. An explanation for this observation might be that low expression of E2F2, CCND1 and CCND3 decrease levels of factors down-regulating HER2. We conclude that the analyzed polymorphisms located in E2F2, CCND1 and CCND3 are potential markers for HER2 status of breast tumors.
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Haas S, Gevensleben H, Rabstein S, Harth V, Pesch B, Brüning T, Justenhoven C, Brauch H, Hamann U, Ko YD, Baisch C, Fischer HP, Büttner R. Expression of heregulin, phosphorylated HER-2, HER-3 and HER-4 in HER-2 negative breast cancers. Oncol Rep 2009; 21:299-304. [PMID: 19148499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A significant number of HER-2 amplified breast cancers is effectively treated by trastuzumab and further shows receptor-enhanced chemosensitivity. Recent studies have postulated transactivation of HER-2 also in tumors expressing phosphorylated/activated HER-2 (pHER-2) and of the HER-3/HER-4 ligand heregulin (HRG), independent of HER-2 amplification. As a consequence, a subset of tumors without HER-2 overexpression would be sensitive to trastuzumab chemotherapy. To investigate the potential transactivation of HER-2, in 171 breast cancers from the GENICA study with negative/low expression of HER-2 we analyzed the expression of pHER-2, HRG, HER-3 and HER-4 by immunohistochemistry. None of the tumors examined displayed expression of pHER-2. Moderate or strong cytoplasmic staining of HRG, HER-3 and HER-4 was observed in 44 (26%), 67 (39%) and 33 (19%) cases, respectively. No association of HRG, HER-3 and HER-4 with the survival of patients or with known prognostic clinical factors was seen. In conclusion, our data obtained on a well-characterized cohort of breast cancers provide no evidence of HER-2-activation in the absence of HER-2 overexpression. The biological function and clinical implications of HRG, HER-3 and HER-4 in this group of tumors remain unclear. Our results cannot support the hypothesis of a transactivation of HER-2 and thus a possible therapeutic benefit of trastuzumab in HER-2 negative breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Haas
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn, D-53127 Bonn, Germany.
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van Kampen V, Rabstein S, Sander I, Merget R, Brüning T, Broding HC, Keller C, Müsken H, Overlack A, Schultze-Werninghaus G, Walusiak J, Raulf-Heimsoth M. Prediction of challenge test results by flour-specific IgE and skin prick test in symptomatic bakers. Allergy 2008; 63:897-902. [PMID: 18588556 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2008.01646.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wheat and rye flours are among the most important allergens causing occupational asthma. Usually, the diagnosis of baker's asthma is based on inhalation challenge tests with flours. AIMS OF THE STUDY To evaluate the relevance of flour-specific serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and skin prick test (SPT) in the diagnosis of baker's asthma and to define flour-specific IgE concentrations and wheal sizes that allow a prediction of the outcome of challenge testing. METHODS Bronchial and nasal challenge tests with wheat (rye) flour were performed in 71 (95) symptomatic bakers. Determinations of flour-specific IgE as well as SPTs were performed in all subjects. Analyses included the calculation of sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) at different IgE concentrations and different wheal sizes, and receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) plots with the challenge result as gold standard. RESULTS Thirty-seven bakers were positive in the challenge with wheat flour, while 63 were positive with rye flour. Depending on the flour-specific IgE concentrations (wheal size), PPV was 74-100% (74-100%) for wheat and 82-100% (91-100%) for rye flour, respectively. The minimal cut-off values with a PPV of 100% were 2.32 kU/l (5.0 mm) for wheat flour and 9.64 kU/l (4.5 mm) for rye flour. The shapes of the ROC plots were similar for wheat and rye flour. CONCLUSION High concentrations of flour-specific IgE and clear SPT results in symptomatic bakers are good predictors for a positive challenge test. Challenge tests with flours may be avoided in strongly sensitized bakers.
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Affiliation(s)
- V van Kampen
- BGFA - Research Institute of Occupational Medicine, German Social Accident Insurance, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
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Justenhoven C, Hamann U, Pierl CB, Baisch C, Harth V, Rabstein S, Spickenheuer A, Pesch B, Brüning T, Winter S, Ko YD, Brauch H. CYP2C19*17 is associated with decreased breast cancer risk. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2008; 115:391-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-008-0076-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2008] [Accepted: 05/19/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Steinsträsser L, Thies AH, Rabstein S, Steinau HU. [Typical bacteria in an intensive care burn unit in severely burned patients and their importance with regard to mortality: retrospective study 1995 - 2004]. HANDCHIR MIKROCHIR P 2008; 39:338-44. [PMID: 17985278 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-965694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify risk profiles for wound infection of severely burned patients in a retrospective analysis of patients of an intensive care burn unit during 1995 - 2004. The goal of this study was to identify risk factors on wound infection in severely burned patients. Possible influences on mortality were to be discussed. Inclusion criteria of the study population was a minimum age of 18 years and a body surface area burned of at least 40 % during the time period 1995 - 2004. 912 patients were screened and 96 patients were enrolled. Logistic regression was performed to investigate factors influencing wound infection and mortality in the study population. The initially detectable bacteria in the burn wounds were Staphylococcus aureus (21.1 %), Staphylococcus epidermidis (16.2 %) and Enterococcus faecalis (16.2 %). Of all swabs taken the most frequent initial discovered bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (18.2 %), Staphylococcus epidermidis (12.7 %), Enterococcus faecalis (12.7 %) and Escherichia coli (13.3 %). The majority of positive swabs were the burn wound followed by nose and tracheal secretion. The risk of a wound infection was more likely in the period 2000 - 2004 in comparison to 1995 - 1999 with an Odds Ratio of 0.17 (95 % KI [0.05 - 0.63], p = 0.008). Wound infection was promoted by longer hospitalization on the burn intensive care unit with an Odds Ratio of 2.62 (95 % KI [1.34 - 5.11], p = 0.005) and by bacterial detection in the unburned parts of the body with an Odds Ratio of 5.36 (95 % KI [1.30 - 22.24], p = 0.02). Death was significantly promoted by age (over 50 years) with an Odds Ratio of 11.62 (95 % KI [2.76 - 48.92], p = 0.0008), wound infection with an Odds Ratio of 0.12 (95 % KI [0.03 - 0.52], p = 0.004) and inhalation injury with an Odds Ratio of 5.95 (95 % KI [1.72 - 20.55], p = 0.005). During the study period a rise of wound infections could be notified. Promoting factors were longer hospitalization on the burn intensive care unit and bacterial detection in the unburned parts of the body. Regarding mortality, higher age, wound infection and inhalation injury were prognostic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Steinsträsser
- Klinik für Plastische Chirurgie und Schwerbrandverletzte, Berufsgenossenschaftliche Kliniken Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany.
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Rihs HP, Triebig G, Werner P, Rabstein S, Heinze E, Pesch B, Bruning T. Association between genetic polymorphisms in styrene-metabolizing enzymes and biomarkers in styrene-exposed workers. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2008; 71:866-873. [PMID: 18569587 DOI: 10.1080/15287390801987998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in genes of styrene-metabolizing enzymes could modulate biomarker concentrations in blood or urine after exposure to styrene. Ten SNP were analyzed to study their influence on styrene-specific biomarkers in 89 workers of a fiber-reinforced plastic boat building factory. The internal styrene body burden was analyzed in post-shift blood and urine samples. External styrene exposure was measured by passive samplers. Spearman rank correlations between styrene exposure and biomarkers were calculated and distributions of biomarkers were checked for lognormality. Mixed linear models were applied to analyze the influence of genotypes and styrene exposure, on styrene in blood (Monday and Thursday post-shift) and on phenyglyoxylic acid (PGA; adjusted for day of measurement, Monday to Thursday) due to a lognormal distribution, smoking (current, not current), and use of respirators. Stratified analyzes for workers without and with different types of respirators were also performed. The models of both the subgroups revealed a significant influence dependent on the respirator type that workers used for inhalation protection. An influence of the external styrene concentration on the urinary PGA concentration was not observed. After implementation of the SNP into the model significant lower adjusted means of urinary PGA concentrations were found for GSTP1 105IleVal and CYP2E1 -71TT. For styrene levels in blood no significant effect was observed. A significant influence on styrene levels in blood was correlated with external styrene concentration only in workers without use of respirators. The effects of two SNP on urinary PGA decrease indicated a limited modulating SNP effect. The most effective prevention for styrene exposure was obtained with the wearing of respirators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Peter Rihs
- BGFA-Research Institute of Occupational Medicine, German Social Accident Insurance, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
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Rabstein S, Unfried K, Ranft U, Illig T, Kolz M, Mambetova C, Vlad M, Roman C, Weiss T, Becker D, Brüning T, Pesch B. Lack of association of delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase polymorphisms with blood lead levels and hemoglobin in Romanian women from a lead-contaminated region. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2008; 71:716-724. [PMID: 18569569 DOI: 10.1080/15287390801985190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
As part of a project on environmental pollution, this study aimed to evaluate associations between blood lead (BPb) levels, hemoglobin (Hb) content, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) gene in 129 unrelated women from Romania. Five SNPs (rs1805313, rs2228083, rs1805312, rs1800435, rs1139488) were analyzed with respect to haplotype structure and impact on BPb levels and Hb content with proportional odds and analysis of covariance models. Combinations of SNPs were rare (16%). Low haplotype diversity was found with seven haplotypes. One rare haplotype implied the C allele of rs1800435, often referred to as the ALAD2 allele (frequency 8.6%). The putative risk genotype (CC) occurred in only one woman with BPb below 0.5 microg/dl. Median BPb was 4.8 microg/dl and differed markedly by community with a level of 12.5 microg/dl near a mining-spill region. Hb was regular (interquartile range 12.3-13.7 g/dl) and not correlated with BPb, although quantitatively lower in women living near the spill region. No significant associations were found for BPb or Hb with SNPs, haplotypes, or diplotypes. BPb levels were higher in this region than in populations from industrialized countries but without hematotoxic effects. An impact of ALAD2 on BPb or Hb was not seen in these women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Rabstein
- BGFA-Research Institute of Occupational Medicine, German Social Accident Insurance, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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Rihs HP, Marczynski B, Rabstein S, Scherenberg M, Landt O, Bruning T. Rapid detection of the hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism using LightCycler technology. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2008; 71:877-880. [PMID: 18569589 DOI: 10.1080/15287390801988038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Human 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (hOGG1) plays an important role in the repair of 8-oxo-7, 8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodGuo), one of the major constituents in DNA damage. A recent in vitro study showed that the hOGG1 326Cys polymorphism (rs1052133) exhibits reduced 8-oxodGuo repair activity. This study aimed to develop a LightCycler (LC) assay to analyze the C>G polymorphism (Ser326Cys) in exon 7 of the hOGG1 gene followed by validation of the method using DNA samples from 260 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAH)-exposed workers with known 8-oxodGuo DNA-adduct values measured by HPLC. Twenty DNA samples were analyzed by a PCR-RFLP analysis with Fnu4H I to generate control DNA. LC melting curve analyses of the hOGG1 exon 7 PCR product were characteristic of the probes hybridized to the non-mutated Ser-type (CC) at 65 degrees C, or to the Cys mutant (GG) at 59 degrees C. The distribution in the population of PAH-exposed workers (N=260) was 58% (CC), 38%(CG), and 4% (GG). The minor G allele displayed a frequency of 23 %. The distribution of 8-oxodGuo adducts for the Ser326Cys variants of hOGG1 revealed geometric means (GM) of 5.83 (CC), 5.27 (CG), and 6.53 (GG) 8-oxodGuo adducts/10(6)dGuo. Corresponding GM values of current smokers were 5.7 (CC), 5.6 (CG) and 7.0 (GG) 8-oxodGuo adducts/10(6) dGuo. The analysis of the Ser326Cys polymorphism in 260 DNA samples with this new LC assay revealed that this method is reliable for high throughput analysis of this key polymorphism in the hOGG1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Peter Rihs
- BGFA - Research Institute of Occupational Medicine, German Social Accident Insurance, Ruhr-University Bochum , Germany
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Pesch B, Kappler M, Straif K, Marczynski B, Preuss R, Rossbach B, Rihs HP, Weiss T, Rabstein S, Pierl C, Scherenberg M, Adams A, Käfferlein HU, Angerer J, Wilhelm M, Seidel A, Brüning T. Dose-Response Modeling of Occupational Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with Biomarkers of Exposure and Effect. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007; 16:1863-73. [PMID: 17855707 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-07-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In regulatory toxicology, the dose-response relationship between occupational exposure and biomarkers is of importance in setting threshold values. We analyzed the relationships between occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and various biomarkers of internal exposure and DNA damage with data from 284 highly exposed male workers. Personal exposure to phenanthrene and other PAHs was measured during shift and correlated with the sum of 1-, 2+9-, 3-, and 4-hydroxyphenanthrenes in post-shift urine. PAHs and hydroxyphenanthrenes were associated with DNA damage assessed in WBC as 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine/10(6) dGuo and strand breaks by Comet assay as Olive tail moment. Hydroxyphenanthrenes correlated with phenanthrene (Spearman r(s) = 0.70; P < 0.0001). No correlations could be found between strand breaks and exposure (r(s) = 0.01, P < 0.0001 for PAHs; r(s) = -0.03, P = 0.68 for hydroxyphenanthrenes). Correlations with 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine/10(6) dGuo were weakly negative (r(s) = -0.22, P = 0.004 for PAHs) or flat (r(s) = -0.08, P = 0.31 for hydroxyphenanthrenes). Linear splines were applied to assess the relationships between the log-transformed variables. All regression models were adjusted for smoking and type of industry. For hydroxyphenanthrenes, 51.7% of the variance could be explained by phenanthrene and other predictors. Up to 0.77 microg/m(3) phenanthrene, no association could be found with hydroxyphenanthrenes. Above that point, hydroxyphenanthrenes increased by a factor of 1.47 under a doubling of phenanthrene exposure (slope, 0.56; 95% confidence interval, 0.47-0.64). Hydroxyphenanthrenes may be recommended as biomarker of occupational PAH exposure, whereas biomarkers of DNA damage in blood did not show a dose-response relation to PAH exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Pesch
- BGFA Forschungsinstitut für Arbeitsmedizin der Deatschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany.
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Justenhoven C, Hamann U, Schubert F, Zapatka M, Pierl CB, Rabstein S, Selinski S, Mueller T, Ickstadt K, Gilbert M, Ko YD, Baisch C, Pesch B, Harth V, Bolt HM, Vollmert C, Illig T, Eils R, Dippon J, Brauch H. Breast cancer: a candidate gene approach across the estrogen metabolic pathway. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2007; 108:137-49. [PMID: 17588204 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-007-9586-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2007] [Accepted: 03/26/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphisms within the estrogen metabolic pathway are prime candidates for a possible association with breast cancer risk. We investigated 11 genes encoding key proteins of this pathway for their potential contribution to breast cancer risk. Of these CYP17A1, CYP19A1, EPHX1, HSD17B1, SRD5A2, and PPARG2 participate in biosynthesis, CYP1A1, CYP1B1, COMT, GSTP1, and SOD2 in catabolism and detoxification. We performed a population-based case-control study with 688 incident breast cancer cases and 724 controls from Germany and genotyped 18 polymorphisms by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), PCR based RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism), and TaqMan allelic discrimination. Genotype frequencies were compared between cases and controls and odds ratios were calculated by conditional logistic regression. Further statistical analyses were based on cluster analysis, multifactor dimensionality reduction, logic regression, and global testing. Single factor analyses pointed to CYP1B1_1294_GG as a possible breast cancer risk modulator (OR = 2.57; 95% CI: 1.34-4.93) and two way stratification suggested associations between BMI > or = 30 kg/m(2) and COMT_472_GG (P = 0.0076 and P = 0.0026), BMI < 20 kg/m(2) and HSD17B1_937_GG (P = 0.0082) as well as CYP17A1_-34_CC and HRT use > or =10 years (P = 0.0063). Following correction for multiple testing none of these associations remained significant. No significant association between breast cancer risk and genetic polymorphisms was observed in multifactor analyses. The tested polymorphisms of the estrogen metabolic pathway may not play a direct role in breast cancer risk. Therefore, future association studies should be extended to other polymorphisms and other regulatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Justenhoven
- Molecular Mechanisms of Origin and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Auerbachstrasse 112, Stuttgart, Germany
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Haas S, Pierl C, Harth V, Pesch B, Rabstein S, Brüning T, Ko Y, Hamann U, Justenhoven C, Brauch H, Fischer HP. Expression of xenobiotic and steroid hormone metabolizing enzymes in human breast carcinomas. Int J Cancer 2006; 119:1785-91. [PMID: 16721811 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.21915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The potential to metabolize endogenous and exogenous substances may influence breast cancer development and tumor growth. Therefore, the authors investigated the protein expression of Glutathione S-transferase (GST) isoforms and cytochrome P450 (CYP) known to be involved in the metabolism of steroid hormones and endogenous as well as exogenous carcinogens in breast cancer tissue to obtain new information on their possible role in tumor progression. Expression of GST pi, mu, alpha and CYP1A1/2, 1A2, 3A4/5, 1B1, 2E1 was assessed by immunohistochemistry for primary breast carcinomas of 393 patients from the German GENICA breast cancer collection. The percentages of positive tumors were 50.1 and 44.5% for GST mu and CYP2E1, and ranged from 13 to 24.7% for CYP1A2, GST pi, CYP1A1/2, CYP3A4/5, CYP1B1. GST alpha was expressed in 1.8% of tumors. The authors observed the following associations between strong protein expression and histopathological characteristics: GST expression was associated with a better tumor differentiation (GST mu, p = 0.018) and with reduced lymph node metastasis (GST pi, p = 0.02). In addition, GST mu expression was associated with a positive estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor status (p < 0.001). CYP3A4/5 expression was associated with a positive nodal status (p = 0.018). Expression of CYP1B1 was associated with poor tumor differentiation (p = 0.049). Our results demonstrate that the majority of breast carcinomas expressed xenobiotic and drug metabolizing enzymes. They particularly suggest that GST mu and pi expression may indicate a better prognosis and that strong CYP3A4/5 and CYP1B1 expression may be key features of nonfavourable prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Haas
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty of the University of Bonn, Sigmund Freud Street 25, D-53127 Bonn, Germany.
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Justenhoven C, Hamann U, Pierl CB, Rabstein S, Pesch B, Harth V, Baisch C, Vollmert C, Illig T, Brüning T, Ko Y, Brauch H. One-carbon metabolism and breast cancer risk: no association of MTHFR, MTR, and TYMS polymorphisms in the GENICA study from Germany. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006; 14:3015-8. [PMID: 16365030 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-05-0592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Justenhoven
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, D 70376 Stuttgart, Germany
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Pesch B, Ko Y, Brauch H, Hamann U, Harth V, Rabstein S, Pierl C, Fischer HP, Baisch C, Justenhoven C, Ranft U, Brüning T. Factors modifying the association between hormone-replacement therapy and breast cancer risk. Eur J Epidemiol 2006; 20:699-711. [PMID: 16151884 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-005-0032-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) is an established risk factor for breast cancer. HRT users are different from non-users with respect to socio-economic and other characteristics. There may be women where the HRT-related risk could be modulated by other factors. METHODS We conducted a population-based case-control study with 688 breast cancer cases and 724 controls to characterize HRT users and to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for HRT use and potentially risk modifying factors. RESULTS In women aged 50 years and older, 58% of controls and 61% of cases ever used HRT. Among women in natural menopause, HRT use for 10 years and more years was associated with an increased breast cancer risk (OR 1.79, 95% CI, 1.12-2.87), but not among women in surgical menopause (OR 0.61, 95% CI, 0.09-4.17). In the subgroup of women with a positive family history of breast cancer, each year of HRT use increased the risk by 1.22 (95% CI, 1.02-1.47). Another subgroup comprised women with at least 10 diagnostic mammograms (OR 4.04, 95% CI, 1.10-14.81 for using HRT 10 or more years). CONCLUSIONS Long-term HRT use was associated with a breast cancer risk in women with natural menopause. Our findings suggest that this risk may be increased in women with a positive family history of breast cancer and in women who received frequent diagnostic mammographic screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Pesch
- Berufsgenossenschaftliches Forschungsinstitut für Arbeitsmedizin (BGFA), Institut der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Gemany
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Rabstein S, Unfried K, Ranft U, Illig T, Kolz M, Rihs HP, Mambetova C, Vlad M, Brüning T, Pesch B. Variation of the N-Acetyltransferase 2 Gene in a Romanian and a Kyrgyz Population. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006; 15:138-41. [PMID: 16434599 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-05-0256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As part of a project on environmental disasters in minority populations, this study aimed to evaluate differences in the sequence of N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) as a metabolic susceptibility gene in yet unexplored ethnicities. Eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the NAT2 coding region and a variant in the 3' flanking region were analyzed in 290 unrelated Kyrgyz and 140 unrelated Romanians by SNP-specific PCR analysis. The variants 341C, 481T, and 803G were less and 857A more prevalent in Kyrgyz (P < 0.0001). The variant at site 857 indicates Asian descent. 282C>T and 590G>A showed no significant variation by ethnicity. 364G>A and 411A>T turned out to be monomorphic. Database comparisons of the NAT2 minor allele frequencies support that Romanians belong to Caucasians and Kyrgyz are in between Caucasians and East Asians. The distributions of predicted haplotypes differed significantly between the two ethnicities where the Kyrgyz showed a higher genetic diversity. The haplotype without mutations was more common in Kyrgyz (40.1% in Kyrgyz, 29.3% in Romanians). Accordingly, the imputed slow acetylator phenotype was less prevalent in Kyrgyz (35.2% versus 51.4% in Romanians). We found pronounced ethnic differences in NAT2 genotypes with yet unknown effect on the health risks for environmental or occupational exposures in minority populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Rabstein
- Berufsgenossenschaftliches Forschungsinstitut für Arbeitsmedizin, Institute of Ruhr University of Bochum, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, D-44789 Bochum, Germany.
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