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Jameel MA, Khan MF, Awan MN, Nadeem MS, Aslam S, Mehmood S, Ahmad D, Wali R, Rehman Q, Khan MA, Mahmood T. Population and risk assessment of sympatric pheasant species in Palas Valley, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e259582. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.259582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Pheasants are declining everywhere in the world and therefore updated information about their population and habitats are important for conservation and management. The present study was conducted in the Palas Valley, District Kohistan, Pakistan in late spring (May and June) 2020 and early spring (March and April) 2021 to assess the population and anthropogenic stress. The major focus was on three sympatric pheasant species, including Western Horned Tragopan (Tragopan melanocephalus), Himalayan Monal (Lophophorus impejanus), and Koklass Pheasant (Pucrasia macrolopha). We used the “Call Count Method” for the population assessment in the field, and a questionnaire survey was conducted to document the risk assessment of local residents of the valley. The population assessments revealed that the Koklass Pheasant is more adapted to increasing anthropogenic activities and its population appeared more or less similar as 22 years ago. In the past 22 years, Western Tragopan and Himalayan Monal have lost about 40–50% of their populations. Human interference in the form of illegal hunting, deforestation, and overgrazing was found to be common in the valley. The study concludes that the Palas Valley habitat is ideal for pheasant species; however, human interference in the form of urbanization, habitat fragmentation, illegal hunting, and deforestation is occurring at a rapid pace, causing havoc in the pheasant population.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Jameel
- PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | | | - M. N. Awan
- International Union for Conservation of Nature, Pakistan
| | - M. S. Nadeem
- PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - S. Aslam
- PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - S. Mehmood
- University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - R. Wali
- PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Q. Rehman
- PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - M. A. Khan
- Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Pakistan
| | - T. Mahmood
- PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Munawar N, Mahmood T, Akrim F, Fatima H, Farooq M, Irshad N, Fakhar M, Javed T, Baig A, Razzaq A, Saman A. Small rodent communities and their associated damage to wheat-groundnut agriculture systems. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e254445. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.254445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Rodents can cause significant damage to wheat-groundnut crops in developing countries, as well as to stored produce and infrastructure, affecting food security and income of small-holder farmers. Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and groundnuts (Arachis hypogea) are important cash crops for local farmers in Pakistan. Field experiments were performed to assess the extent of rodent damage to wheat-groundnut crops throughout their growth stages (i.e, germination, flowering/peg formation and maturity) in the agro-ecological zones of Pothwar Plateau, Pakistan. We used a quadrat method to record the number of damaged crop plants. On the basis of the trapping data four rodent species were captured from wheat-groundnut cropping systems which were responsible for causing damage, i.e., lesser bandicoot rat (Bandicota bengalensis) was the main species, followed by the short-tailed mole rat (Nesokia indica), the Indian gerbil (Tatera indica) and the bush rat (Golunda ellioti). In both crops, the maximum damage was recorded at crop maturity (10.7 and 14.4%, respectively). The lowest reported damage to wheat and groundnuts was at the germination stage (3.5% and 6.0%, respectively). The lower damage reported at germination could be due to availability of non-crop vegetation at field borders that may be a potential factor influencing damage. Our findings clearly show the considerable amount of damage caused by rodents to wheat-groundnut at maturity across all the agro-ecological zones of Pothwar and indicated that the small mammal composition was more related to maturity stage/season of crops, when the availability of food and climatic condition were favorable and having security under crop shelter. More detailed studies are needed to fully understand the population and breeding ecology of the relevant rodent pest species in relation to damage patterns to optimize management beyond individual structural measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Munawar
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah-Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan; Ministry of Climate Change, Pakistan
| | - T. Mahmood
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah-Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan
| | | | | | - M. Farooq
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah-Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan; Ministry of Climate Change, Pakistan
| | | | - M. Fakhar
- Ministry of Climate Change, Pakistan
| | - T. Javed
- Ministry of Climate Change, Pakistan
| | - A. Baig
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah-Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan
| | - A. Razzaq
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah-Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan
| | - A. Saman
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah-Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan
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3
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Alam MJ, Choudhury MR, Haq SA, Islam N, Ahmed S, Shahin A, Ali SM, Mahmood T, Azad AK, Shazzad MN, Rabbani MG. Estimation of 10-Year Fracture Risk with and without Bone Mineral Density in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:1084-1090. [PMID: 37777905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common inflammatory arthritis affecting 0.5-1.0% of the general population worldwide and although RA is properly considered a disease of the joints, it can cause a variety of extra-articular manifestations. This study was performed to find out any discrepancy in fracture risk estimates with and without bone mineral density (BMD) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. This observational cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Rheumatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Bangladesh from July 2013 to July 2015. Total 65 consecutive patients with RA fulfilling ACR/EULAR criteria aged 40-90 year were recruited. Ten year fracture risk of these patients was evaluated by the FRAX score with and without BMD and differences were observed. FRAX score without BMD revealed that major fracture risk was low in 58(89.2%) patients, moderate in 7(10.8%) patients but re-estimation with BMD revealed that 55(84.6%) patients remained in low risk group, 8(12.3%) patients in moderate risk group and 2(3.1%) patients went to the high risk group. In case of hip fracture risk without BMD, risk was low in 58(89.2%) patients, high in 7(10.8%) patients; but with BMD, 50(76.9%) patients remained in low risk group but risk of 15(23.1%) patients became high. Almost all the high risk patients (93.3%) were ≥55 years of age. Increasing age, female sex, disease duration and use of steroid were positively correlated with increased FRAX score where as high BMI and high BMD were associated with low FRAX score. But in multivariate analysis it was found that only relation with age was at statistically significant level. Significant numbers of patients with rheumatoid arthritis have high risk of fracture especially hip fracture. The mean of FRAX score increased in both major & hip osteoporotic fracture risk after adding BMD. More than half of the patients above fifty five years or more had high risk of fracture. So, BMD should be done in patients aged more than fifty five.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Alam
- Dr Mohammad Jahangir Ul Alam, Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Mahmood T, Alam MN, Saha SK, Hasin W, Hsasn MJ, Tabassum T. Glasgow Coma Score Predicting the Poor Outcome of the Patients Presenting Fever with Altered Sensorium. Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:177-184. [PMID: 36594318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
To assess the role of the Glasgow Comma Score (GCS) for predicting the outcome of the patient with fever and altered sensorium was the objective of the study. This prospective observational study was conducted for six months following ethical approval. Informed consent was obtained prior enrollment. A total of 50 patients with complaints of fever for <2 weeks duration with altered sensorium with or without seizure were included in the study. GCS was calculated for all patients just after admission and before starting interventions. All patients were investigated and managed according to the hospital protocol. The outcome of the patients (living or dead within the hospital) was evaluated against the admission GCS score. The study was performed in accordance with the current Declaration of Helsinki. Of all, 42.0% (n=21) of the patients had bacterial meningitis, followed by viral encephalitis, cerebral malaria and coma vigil. Complete recovery occurred in 60.0% of cases, while recovery with disability occurred in 28.0% of cases. Death occurred in 12.0% of cases (n=6) due to cerebral malaria, viral encephalitis and bacterial meningitis (n=2 each cause). A higher number of deaths occurred in the lower GCS group (n=5 in GCS group 3-5) and this difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Moreover, considering death as an outcome, multivariate logistic regression showed that GCS (OR 70.598, 95% CI-1.243-4009.41; p=0.039) was an independent predictor of the outcome. GCS seemed to be a predictor of the short-term outcome of the patient presenting with fever and altered sensorium in our setting. However, further exploration in larger setting with appropriate study design is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mahmood
- Dr Tarek Mahmood, Professor, Department of Medicine, Bashundara Ad-Din Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Mkrtchyan S, Jakubczyk M, Lanka S, Yar M, Mahmood T, Ayub K, Sillanpää M, Thomas CM, Iaroshenko VO. Mechanochemical Ni‐Catalysed Arylation of
ortho
‐Hydroxyarylenaminones: Synthesis of Isoflavones. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Mkrtchyan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences Matej Bel University Tajovkého 40 97401 Banska Bystrica Slovakia)
| | - M. Jakubczyk
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Noskowskiego 12/14 61-704 Poznań Poland
| | - S. Lanka
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology Zeromskiego 116 90-924 Lodz Poland
| | - M. Yar
- Department of Chemistry COMSATS University Abbottabad Campus Abbottabad KPK 22060 Pakistan
| | - T. Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry COMSATS University Abbottabad Campus Abbottabad KPK 22060 Pakistan
| | - K. Ayub
- Department of Chemistry COMSATS University Abbottabad Campus Abbottabad KPK 22060 Pakistan
| | - M. Sillanpää
- Chemistry Department, College of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - C. M. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences Matej Bel University Tajovkého 40 97401 Banska Bystrica Slovakia)
| | - V. O. Iaroshenko
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences Matej Bel University Tajovkého 40 97401 Banska Bystrica Slovakia)
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Ali I, Salah KBH, Sher H, Ali H, Ullah Z, Ali A, Alam N, Shah SA, Iqbal J, Ilyas M, Al-Quwaie DAH, Khan AA, Mahmood T. Drought stress enhances the efficiency of floral dip method of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in Arabidopsis thaliana. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 84:e259326. [PMID: 35703626 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.259326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Agrobacterium-mediated floral dip protocol is the most extensively used transformation method for a model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Several useful methods for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformations of Arabidopsis are existing, but they are time consuming and with low transformation efficiency. Here, we developed a transgenic Arabidopsis lines TET12p::TET12-RFP in a short period of time and enhanced transformation efficiency by using a modified transformation method by applying drought stress after floral dip. In this protocol, Agrobacterium cells carrying TET12p::TET12-RFP recombinant vectors were resuspended in a solution of 5% sucrose, 0.05% (v/v) silwet L-77 to transform female gametes of developing Arabidopsis inflorescences. Treated Arabidopsis were then applied with different levels of drought stresses to stimulate plants for the utilization of maximum plant energy in seed maturation process. The applied stresses achieved the fast maturation of already treated inflorescences while stopped the growing of newly arising untreated inflorescence, thus decreased the chances of wrong collection of untransformed seeds. Consequently, the collected seeds were mostly transgenic with a transformation frequency of at least 10%, thus the screening for positive transformants selection was more advantageous on a selective medium as compared to a classical floral dip method. Within 2-3 months, two hundred of individual transgenic plants were produced from just 10 infiltrated plants. This study concludes that application of drought stresses in a specific stage of plant is a beneficial strategy for achieving the transgenic Arabidopsis in a short period of time with high transformation efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ali
- University of Swat, Centre for Plant Science and Biodiversity, Charbagh, Pakistan.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Beijing, China
| | - K B H Salah
- King Abdulaziz University, College of Science & Arts, Biological Sciences Department, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia.,University of Monastir, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biologically Active Substances, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - H Sher
- University of Swat, Centre for Plant Science and Biodiversity, Charbagh, Pakistan
| | - H Ali
- University of Swat, Centre for Plant Science and Biodiversity, Charbagh, Pakistan
| | - Z Ullah
- University of Swat, Centre for Plant Science and Biodiversity, Charbagh, Pakistan
| | - A Ali
- University of Swat, Centre for Plant Science and Biodiversity, Charbagh, Pakistan
| | - N Alam
- University of Swat, Centre for Agricultural Sciences and Forestry, Charbagh, Pakistan
| | - S A Shah
- National University of Medical Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - J Iqbal
- Bacha Khan University, Department of Botany, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M Ilyas
- Kohsar University Murree, Department of Botany, Murree, Pakistan
| | - D A H Al-Quwaie
- King Abdulaziz University, College of Science & Arts, Biological Sciences Department, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A A Khan
- Nankai University, College of Life Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Tianjin, China
| | - T Mahmood
- Quaid-i-Azam University, Department of Plant Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Morgan LR, Weiner RS, Mahmood T, Gordon C, Bhandari M, Rodgers AH, Ware ML, Matrana M, Cosgriff TM, Friedlander P, Zou JJ. Abstract CT158: Use of 4-demethyl-4-cholesteryloxycarbonyl-penclomedine (DM-CHOC-PEN) as therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) involving the CNS. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-ct158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: 4-Demethyl-4-cholesteryloxycarbonylpenclomedine (DM-CHOC-PEN) is a poly-chlorinated pyridine cholesteryl carbonate that was designed to penetrate the blood brain barrier and be useful as therapy for brain tumors (IND 68,876). A 3-stage mechanism is proposed for drug entry into the CNS and into cancer cells via reversible binding with sialic acid on the surface of RBC’s; and transported into cancer cells with L-glutamine. DM-CHOC-PEN has a MOA via bis-alkylation of DNA @ N7-guanine and N4-cytosine. DM-CHOC-PEN has completed clinical trials involving sixty-four (64) adults and nineteen (19) adolescent/young adult subjects with advanced cancers. Long term survival, good qualities of life and minimal toxicities [AACR #1185, 2013; AACR #CT 129, 2019; AACR #CT152, 2021] have been reported. This update provides affirmation that the drug, previously described as a treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) involving the CNS, is well tolerated with continued durations of responses, no new toxicities, good survival and good quality of life. Primary aims of the previously reported DM-CHOC-PEN clinical trials were to assess clinical response and monitor toxicities/safety and verify the maximum tolerated doses (MTD) for the drug administered IV to subjects with cancer. Here is an update on the long term responses, tolerance and quality of survival in subjects with NSCLC involving the CNS.
Subjects & Methods: DM-CHOC-PEN was administered to adults (> 18 y/o) with NSCLC involving the CNS that lacked genetic rearrangements or tumor targets and/or had failed standard therapies as a 3-hr IV infusion once every 21 days employing a verified 2-tiered MTD schedule: 85.8 mg/m2 for subjects with liver involvement and 98.7 mg/m2 for subjects with normal livers.
Results: Sixteen (16) adult subjects with NSCLC have been treated to date, which 11 had NSCLC (adeno/large cell carcinomas) involving the CNS that lacked genetic rearrangements, had no tumor targets, and/or had failed standard therapies. Seven of the 11 subjects with NSCLC involving the CNS also possessed cerebellar metastases. The drug was well tolerated with no Gr-3 toxicities. The most common Gr-2 adverse effects were reversible fatigue (17%), reversible vasogenic edema (9%) and nausea (9%). No drug associated neuro/psychological, hematological, cardiac or renal toxicities have been observed, nor have there been any drug associated deaths reported. The pK modelling and properties for the drug have been previously reported [AACR #1185, 2013] and continue to be confirmed. Eight (8) subjects with NSCLC involving the CNS responded to DM-CHOC-PEN with documented CR/PR (RECIST 1.1) and improved OS/QOL/PFS (Kaplan-Meier) lasting 8 - 82+ mos. with survivals of 25% at 34 mos., 50% at 10 mos. and 8% at 84+ mos.
Conclusion: DM-CHOC-PEN is a bis-alkylator of DNA that is safe at the dose levels described and has produced long term objective responses with manageable toxicities and improved quality of life in subjects with NSCLC involving the CNS lacking genetic rearrangements or tumor targets and/or had failed standard therapies. Complete data on subject responses and observed toxicities will be presented. Supported by NCI/SBIR grants - R43/44CA132257 and NIH NIGMS 1 U54 GM104940 - the latter supports the Louisiana Clinical and Translational Science Center, New Orleans, LA
Citation Format: Lee Roy Morgan, Roy S. Weiner, T. Mahmood, C. Gordon, M. Bhandari, AH Rodgers, ML Ware, Marc Matrana, Thomas M. Cosgriff, Philip Friedlander, J-J Zou. Use of 4-demethyl-4-cholesteryloxycarbonyl-penclomedine (DM-CHOC-PEN) as therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) involving the CNS [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr CT158.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roy S. Weiner
- 2Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - T. Mahmood
- 3Roswell Park at Ellis Hospital, Schenectady, NY
| | - C. Gordon
- 4Detriot Clinical Research Center, Lansing, MI
| | | | | | - ML Ware
- 6Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA
| | | | | | | | - J-J Zou
- 9Mischer Neuroscience Associates, Houston, TX
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Topcu G, Mukhopadhyay S, Ayres-de-Campos D, Ventura C, Messinis I, Mahmood T, Horala A. 467 Access to antenatal care in europe. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2021.11.384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Cai S, Mahmood T, Hashi AA, Prasad R, Connelly PW, Connelly KA, Wald R, Deva DP, Yan AT. Assessments of right ventricular strain using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging following kidney transplantation. Nephrology (Carlton) 2021; 27:371-375. [PMID: 34939711 DOI: 10.1111/nep.14015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although kidney transplantation (KT) has been shown to ameliorate adverse left ventricular (LV) remodelling associated with end stage kidney disease, its effects on the right ventricle have not been well studied. Recently, strain imaging has been shown to be a sensitive measure of early subclinical myocardial dysfunction. Using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we examined the effects of KT on right ventricular (RV) strain parameters. In a cohort of 81 patients (39 patients underwent KT and 42 patients remained on dialysis as control group), cardiac MRI studies were obtained at baseline and at 1 year follow-up. There were no significant differences in RV strain values between the groups at baseline. After 1 year, RV strain values did not significantly change in patients who received KT, and changes in RV strain over 1 year were not significantly different between the KT and the dialysis groups. Given the previously demonstrated improvement in LV strain post-KT, the current study suggests that RV and LV remodelling post-KT may have different mechanisms. Further studies elucidating the effects of KT on RV remodelling are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Cai
- Division of Cardiology, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tahrin Mahmood
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Abdulaziz Ahmed Hashi
- Division of Cardiology, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ramesh Prasad
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Division of Nephrology, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Philip W Connelly
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kim A Connelly
- Division of Cardiology, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ron Wald
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Division of Nephrology, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Djeven P Deva
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Andrew T Yan
- Division of Cardiology, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
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Baig A, Mahmood T, Munawar N, Saman A, Razzaq A, Akrim F, Fatima H, Farooq M, Khan AA, Irshad N. Dietary habits of lesser bandicoot rat (Bandicota Bengalensis) in an agro-ecosystem, Pothwar Plateau, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 84:e251410. [PMID: 34932631 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.251410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary habits of bandicoot rats (bandicota bengalensis) were investigated in the agricultural crops of the Pothwar Plateau, Pakistan by analysing stomach contents. The research activities were conducted in major field crops including wheat-groundnut and in the fallow lands during non-crop season at the field boundaries. The specimens were captured from the fields using kill/snap traps, and dissected to collect their stomach samples for laboratory analysis. Light microscopic slides of the plant material were recovered from stomach samples and the reference materials were collected from the field. Results revealed that the bandicoot rat predominantly fed upon cultivated crops during cropping season but consumed wild vegetation during non-cropping season. There was no significance difference between summer and winter diets. Most frequently consumed crop food items were wheat (Triticum aestivum; 28.57%), groundnut (Arachis hypogea; 11.26%), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor; 10.17%), chickpea (Cicer arietinum; 9.52%), maize (Zea mays; 6.49%), millet (Pennisetum glaucum; 5.84%), barley (Hordeum vulgare; 4.98%) and mustard (Brassica campestris; 4.98%). Among wild vegetation were consumed khbal gha (Cynodon dactylon; 7.79%), baron dhab (Demostachya bipinnata; 7.36%) and Prickly flower (Achyranthes aspera; 3.03%). The study concludes that, in addition to consuming wheat and groundnut crops, the Lesser bandicoot rat also subsists on grasses, weeds, and some fodder crops, as important component of its diet in agro-ecosystem of the Pothwar Plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Baig
- PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Department of Wildlife Management, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - T Mahmood
- PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Department of Wildlife Management, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - N Munawar
- PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Department of Wildlife Management, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - A Saman
- PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Department of Wildlife Management, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - A Razzaq
- PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Department of Wildlife Management, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - F Akrim
- Department of Zoology, University of Kotli, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - H Fatima
- PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Department of Wildlife Management, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - M Farooq
- PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Department of Wildlife Management, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - A A Khan
- Pakistan Agricultural Research Council - PARC, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - N Irshad
- University of Poonch, Department of Zoology, Rawalakot, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
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Zhou H, Wu Y, Sun X, Yin D, Wang Y, Mahmood T, Yuan J. Effects of exogenous α-(1,4)-amylase on the utilisation of corn starch and glucose metabolism in broiler chickens. Animal 2021; 15:100396. [PMID: 34773866 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2021.100396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Starch is the most important energy source in corn-based diets for broiler chickens, however, some proportion of dietary starch may be partially digested, leading to a decrease in feed utilisation. Therefore, supplementing exogenous amylase might be a feasible way to improve the utilisation of dietary starch for poultry. This study investigated the effects of exogenous α-(1,4)-amylase supplementation on the utilisation of corn starch and glucose metabolism in broiler chickens. A total of 560, 4-d-old Arbour Acres plus male broiler chicks were randomly divided into five treatment groups and fed a corn-soybean meal diet supplemented with 0, 400, 600, 800 and 1 200 U/kg α-(1,4)-amylase to evaluate growth. The growth performance, nutrient digestibility coefficients, digestive enzyme activity, glucose transporter transcription and cecal microbiota composition were evaluated in this study. Starch digestibility coefficient showed a quadratic response to α-(1,4)-amylase at 14 d and 42 d (P < 0.05). However, the endogenous α-amylase activity in jejunal content was linearly decreased (P = 0.045). Also, exogenous α-(1,4)-amylase linearly decreased ileal Na+-dependent glucose and galactose transporter 1 mRNA expression at 42 d (P < 0.001). Exogenous α-(1,4)-amylase generated higher insulin and glucagon serum concentrations in fasted birds (P < 0.05) and following re-feeding for 2 h (P < 0.001). BW gain and feed intake were strongly positively correlated with starch digestibility coefficient at both 14 d (r = 0.87) and 42 d (r = 0.91); whereas, the relative weight of the gizzard was weakly negatively correlated with starch digestibility coefficient (r = -0.35). The relative abundance of Unclassified_Bacillaceae was moderately positively correlated (r > 0.50) while Oscillospira, Ornithobacterium and Unclassified_Barnesiellaceae were moderately negatively correlated (-0.50 < r -0.39) with starch digestibility coefficient. In conclusion, exogenous α-amylase modulates metabolic function by increasing insulin and glucagon concentrations, influenced gut microbiota which may impact starch digestibility in the jejunum and ileum. The results of this study showed that excessive addition of exogenous α-(1,4)-amylase was not beneficial for the utilisation of starch in broiler chickens. Supplement more than 600 U/kg α-(1,4)-amylase inhibited glucose transporters, decreases the coefficients of starch and organic matter digestibility in the small intestine to a varying degree, thereby limiting the growth performance of broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - X Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - D Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - T Mahmood
- Adisseo Animal Nutrition Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - J Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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Moss K, Mahmood T, Spaziani R. Acute esophageal necrosis as a complication of diabetic ketoacidosis: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:9571-9576. [PMID: 34877292 PMCID: PMC8610878 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i31.9571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute esophageal necrosis (AEN) is a rare condition that has been associated with low volume states, microvascular disease, gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal damage, and impaired GI motility. It has been linked in case reports with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and is commonly associated with GI bleeding (GIB).
CASE SUMMARY We report a case of endoscopy confirmed AEN as a complication of DKA in a 63-year-old Caucasian male without any overt GIB and a chief complaint of epigastric pain. Interestingly, there was no apparent trigger for DKA other than a newly started ketogenic diet two days prior to symptom onset. A possible potentiating factor for AEN beyond DKA is the recent start of a Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA), though they have not been previously connected to DKA or AEN. The patient was subsequently treated with high dose proton pump inhibitors, GLP-1 RA was discontinued, and an insulin regimen was instituted. The patient’s symptoms improved over the course of several weeks following discharge and repeat endoscopy showed well healing esophageal mucosa.
CONCLUSION This report highlights AEN in the absence of overt GIB, emphasizing the importance of early consideration of EGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasey Moss
- Department of Internal Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton L8S 4L8, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tahrin Mahmood
- Division of Gastroenterology, McMaster University, Hamilton L8S 4L8, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Spaziani
- Division of Gastroenterology, McMaster University, Hamilton L8S 4L8, Ontario, Canada
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Yousafzai A, Manzoor W, Raza G, Mahmood T, Rehman F, Hadi R, Shah S, Amin M, Akhtar A, Bashir S, Habiba U, Hussain M. Forest yield prediction under different climate change scenarios using data intelligent models in Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 84:e253106. [PMID: 34730700 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.253106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop and evaluate data driven models for prediction of forest yield under different climate change scenarios in the Gallies forest division of district Abbottabad, Pakistan. The Random Forest (RF) and Kernel Ridge Regression (KRR) models were developed and evaluated using yield data of two species (Blue pine and Silver fir) as an objective variable and climate data (temperature, humidity, rainfall and wind speed) as predictive variables. Prediction accuracy of both the models were assessed by means of root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), correlation coefficient (r), relative root mean squared error (RRMSE), Legates-McCabe's (LM), Willmott's index (WI) and Nash-Sutcliffe (NSE) metrics. Overall, the RF model outperformed the KRR model due to its higher accuracy in forecasting of forest yield. The study strongly recommends that RF model should be applied in other regions of the country for prediction of forest growth and yield, which may help in the management and future planning of forest productivity in Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Yousafzai
- University of Haripur, Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - W Manzoor
- COMSATS University Islamabad - CUI, Lahore Campus, Department of Economics, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - G Raza
- University of Baltistan, Department of Biological Sciences, Skardu, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan
| | - T Mahmood
- University of Sargodha, University College of Agriculture, Department of Forestry, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - F Rehman
- COMSATS University Islamabad - CUI, Lahore Campus, Department of Economics, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - R Hadi
- Jinnah University for Women, Department of Zoology, Nazimabad, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - S Shah
- University of Swat, Institute of Agriculture Sciences and Forestry, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M Amin
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Department of Environmental Sciences, Sheringal, Dir (U), KP, Pakistan
| | - A Akhtar
- University of Haripur, Department of Psychology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S Bashir
- Planning, Agriculture Research System, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - U Habiba
- University of Haripur, Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M Hussain
- University of Haripur, Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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Abstract
Abstract
Background
Acute esophageal necrosis (AEN) is a rare entity associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The pathogenesis is thought to be linked to low volume state, microvascular disease, impaired gastric and esophageal motility increasing acid reflex, all rendering the esophagus prone to injury.
Aims
We report a case of AEN as a complication of DKA in a patient without any overt gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB), along with a literature review.
Methods
Keywords “esophageal necrosis” and “diabetic ketoacidosis” were used in MEDLINE and BASE to retrieve English articles reporting cases of AEN in DKA.
Results
A 63 year old male with history of hypertension, dyslipidemia and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus presented to Emergency with 5 day history of severe epigastric pain, dysphagia to solids and liquids, nausea and vomiting (without any overt GIB). Most recent HbA1c was 8.4%. His diabetes was managed with metformin and semaglutide. Bloodwork revealed a hemoglobin of 165g/L and leukocytes of 17.9x109/L. Chemistries showed an anion gap of 25 with bicarbonate of 5mmol/L. Venous blood gas showed acidemia (pH=7.02). B-hydroxybutyrate level was 10.2mmol/L. Urinalysis was negative for leukocytes or nitrites. An abdominal CT ruled out bowel obstruction or intra-abdominal infection/abscess as the source of his discomfort but demonstrated circumferential wall thickening of the distal esophagus. No other triggers were found for this patient’s DKA except perhaps a recently started ketogenic diet. After resolution of DKA, he continued to experience severe epigastric pain, reflux symptoms, and dysphagia. An esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) was performed, which showed AEN with circumferential black, necrotic inflammatory changes in the mid to distal esophagus. Erosions were seen in the body and antrum of the stomach, and multiple clean based ulcers were seen in the duodenum. Patient was started on an insulin regimen prior to discharge. Review of literature shows a total of 13 cases of AEN in DKA, with only one case where the patient did not present with any clinical bleeding. Risk factors for AEN include, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, malignancy, male gender, older age, chronic kidney disease, alcohol abuse and cardiovascular disease. While no medications have been linked to AEN, our patient was recently started on semiglutide, which has been implicated in impaired gastric emptying and increased GERD symptoms. This may further explain why the patient developed AEN.
Conclusions
AEN is a rare entity, especially in the context of DKA. Usually patients present with overt GIB; however, on occasion dysphagia, nausea, and vomiting can be the predominant symptoms. Hence, the threshold to perform EGD in patients with DKA should be low, given their low volume state and potentially impaired gastrointestinal motility due to microvascular disease or medications, putting them at higher risk for AEN.
Funding Agencies
None
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mahmood
- Medicine, McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - K Moss
- Medicine, McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - R Spaziani
- Medicine, McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
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DiBiase S, Weiner R, Mahmood T, Harris K, Baghian A, Kawauchi R, Devisetty K, Herman J, Bhandari M, Ware M, Friedlander P, Morgan L. Phase I Clinical Trial: Results From The Use Of 4-Demethyl-4-Cholesteryloxycarbonylpenclomedine (DM-CHOC-PEN) Plus Radiation As Treatment For Cancers Involving The CNS. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Khan A, Naeem A, Mahmood T. Kinetic Studies of Methyl Orange and Congo Red Adsorption and Photocatalytic Degradation onto PVP-Functionalized ZnO. Kinet Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0023158420050055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Mahmood T, Bitzer J. Accelerating Progress in Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights in Eastern Europe and Central Asia - Reflecting on ICPD 25 Nairobi Summit. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020; 247:254-256. [PMID: 31917005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2019.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The International conference on population and development-25 in Nairobi (2019) has reaffirmed the UN and its member countries' commitment to develop focused strategies to provide comprehensive equitable sexual and reproductive health to every one. European Board and college of Obstetrics and Gynaecology(EBCOG) and the European Society of Contraception and Reproductive Health (ESCRH) commit to work with UNFPA EECA Region to deliver these objectives in Eastern Europe and Central Asia where progress as regards SRH targets has been sub-optimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mahmood
- European Board and College of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (EBCOG).
| | - J Bitzer
- European Society of Contraception and Reproductive Health (ESCRH)
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Nargis HF, Nawaz H, Ditta A, Mahmood T, Majeed MI, Rashid N, Muddassar M, Bhatti HN, Saleem M, Jilani K, Bonnier F, Byrne HJ. Raman spectroscopy of blood plasma samples from breast cancer patients at different stages. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2019; 222:117210. [PMID: 31176149 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy was employed for the characterization of blood plasma samples from patients at different stages of breast cancer. Blood plasma samples taken from clinically diagnosed breast cancer patients were compared with healthy controls using multivariate data analysis techniques (principal components analysis - PCA) to establish Raman spectral features which can be considered spectral markers of breast cancer development. All the stages of the disease can be differentiated from normal samples. It is also found that stage 2 and 3 are biochemically similar, but can be differentiated from each other by PCA. The Raman spectral data of the stage 4 is found to be biochemically distinct, but very variable between patients. Raman spectral features associated with DNA and proteins were identified, which are exclusive to patient plasma samples. Moreover, there are several other spectral features which are strikingly different in the blood plasma samples of different stages of breast cancer. In order to further explore the potential of Raman spectroscopy as the basis of a minimally invasive screening technique for breast cancer diagnosis and staging, PCA-Factorial Discriminant Analysis (FDA) was employed to classify the Raman spectral datasets of the blood plasma samples of the breast cancer patients, according to different stages of the disease, yielding promisingly high values of sensitivity and specificity for all stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Nargis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - H Nawaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - A Ditta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - T Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M I Majeed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - N Rashid
- University of Central Punjab, Faisalabad campus, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M Muddassar
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - H N Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M Saleem
- National Institute of Lasers and Optronics (NILOP), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - K Jilani
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - F Bonnier
- EA 6295 Nano-médicaments and nano-sondes, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - H J Byrne
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Kevin Street, Dublin 8, Ireland
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Ditta A, Nawaz H, Mahmood T, Majeed MI, Tahir M, Rashid N, Muddassar M, Al-Saadi AA, Byrne HJ. Principal components analysis of Raman spectral data for screening of Hepatitis C infection. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2019; 221:117173. [PMID: 31158766 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, Raman spectroscopy is employed for the identification of the biochemical changes taking place during the development of Hepatitis C. The Raman spectral data acquired from the human blood plasma samples of infected and healthy individuals is analysed by Principal Components Analysis and the Raman spectral markers of the Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection are identified. Spectral changes include those associated with nucleic acidsat720 cm-1, 1077 cm-1 1678 (CO stretching mode of dGTP of RNA), 1778 cm-1 (RNA), with proteins at 1641 cm-1(amide-I), 1721 cm-1(CC stretching of proteins) and lipids at 1738 cm-1(CO of ester group in lipids). These differences in Raman spectral features of blood plasma samples of the patients and healthy volunteers can be associated with the development of the biochemical changes during HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ditta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - H Nawaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - T Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M I Majeed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M Tahir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - N Rashid
- University of Central Punjab, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M Muddassar
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - A A Al-Saadi
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - H J Byrne
- FOCAS Research Institute, Dublin Institute of Technology, Kevin Street, Dublin 8, Ireland
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Mullane KM, Morrison VA, Camacho LH, Arvin A, McNeil SA, Durrand J, Campbell B, Su SC, Chan ISF, Parrino J, Kaplan SS, Popmihajlov Z, Annunziato PW, Cerana S, Dictar MO, Bonvehi P, Tregnaghi JP, Fein L, Ashley D, Singh M, Hayes T, Playford G, Morrissey O, Thaler J, Kuehr T, Greil R, Pecherstorfer M, Duck L, Van Eygen K, Aoun M, De Prijck B, Franke FA, Barrios CHE, Mendes AVA, Serrano SV, Garcia RF, Moore F, Camargo JFC, Pires LA, Alves RS, Radinov A, Oreshkov K, Minchev V, Hubenova AI, Koynova T, Ivanov I, Rabotilova B, Minchev V, Petrov PA, Chilingirov P, Karanikolov S, Raynov J, Grimard D, McNeil S, Kumar D, Larratt LM, Weiss K, Delage R, Diaz-Mitoma FJ, Cano PO, Couture F, Carvajal P, Yepes A, Torres Ulloa R, Fardella P, Caglevic C, Rojas C, Orellana E, Gonzalez P, Acevedo A, Galvez KM, Gonzalez ME, Franco S, Restrepo JG, Rojas CA, Bonilla C, Florez LE, Ospina AV, Manneh R, Zorica R, Vrdoljak DV, Samarzija M, Petruzelka L, Vydra J, Mayer J, Cibula D, Prausova J, Paulson G, Ontaneda M, Palk K, Vahlberg A, Rooneem R, Galtier F, Postil D, Lucht F, Laine F, Launay O, Laurichesse H, Duval X, Cornely OA, Camerer B, Panse J, Zaiss M, Derigs HG, Menzel H, Verbeek M, Georgoulias V, Mavroudis D, Anagnostopoulos A, Terpos E, Cortes D, Umanzor J, Bejarano S, Galeano RW, Wong RSM, Hui P, Pedrazzoli P, Ruggeri L, Aversa F, Bosi A, Gentile G, Rambaldi A, Contu A, Marei L, Abbadi A, Hayajneh W, Kattan J, Farhat F, Chahine G, Rutkauskiene J, Marfil Rivera LJ, Lopez Chuken YA, Franco Villarreal H, Lopez Hernandez J, Blacklock H, Lopez RI, Alvarez R, Gomez AM, Quintana TS, Moreno Larrea MDC, Zorrilla SJ, Alarcon E, Samanez FCA, Caguioa PB, Tiangco BJ, Mora EM, Betancourt-Garcia RD, Hallman-Navarro D, Feliciano-Lopez LJ, Velez-Cortes HA, Cabanillas F, Ganea DE, Ciuleanu TE, Ghizdavescu DG, Miron L, Cebotaru CL, Cainap CI, Anghel R, Dvorkin MV, Gladkov OA, Fadeeva NV, Kuzmin AA, Lipatov ON, Zbarskaya II, Akhmetzyanov FS, Litvinov IV, Afanasyev BV, Cherenkova M, Lioznov D, Lisukov IA, Smirnova YA, Kolomietz S, Halawani H, Goh YT, Drgona L, Chudej J, Matejkova M, Reckova M, Rapoport BL, Szpak WM, Malan DR, Jonas N, Jung CW, Lee DG, Yoon SS, Lopez Jimenez J, Duran Martinez I, Rodriguez Moreno JF, Solano Vercet C, de la Camara R, Batlle Massana M, Yeh SP, Chen CY, Chou HH, Tsai CM, Chiu CH, Siritanaratkul N, Norasetthada L, Sriuranpong V, Seetalarom K, Akan H, Dane F, Ozcan MA, Ozsan GH, Kalayoglu Besisik SF, Cagatay A, Yalcin S, Peniket A, Mullan SR, Dakhil KM, Sivarajan K, Suh JJG, Sehgal A, Marquez F, Gomez EG, Mullane MR, Skinner WL, Behrens RJ, Trevarthe DR, Mazurczak MA, Lambiase EA, Vidal CA, Anac SY, Rodrigues GA, Baltz B, Boccia R, Wertheim MS, Holladay CS, Zenk D, Fusselman W, Wade III JL, Jaslowsk AJ, Keegan J, Robinson MO, Go RS, Farnen J, Amin B, Jurgens D, Risi GF, Beatty PG, Naqvi T, Parshad S, Hansen VL, Ahmed M, Steen PD, Badarinath S, Dekker A, Scouros MA, Young DE, Graydon Harker W, Kendall SD, Citron ML, Chedid S, Posada JG, Gupta MK, Rafiyath S, Buechler-Price J, Sreenivasappa S, Chay CH, Burke JM, Young SE, Mahmood A, Kugler JW, Gerstner G, Fuloria J, Belman ND, Geller R, Nieva J, Whittenberger BP, Wong BMY, Cescon TP, Abesada-Terk G, Guarino MJ, Zweibach A, Ibrahim EN, Takahashi G, Garrison MA, Mowat RB, Choi BS, Oliff IA, Singh J, Guter KA, Ayrons K, Rowland KM, Noga SJ, Rao SB, Columbie A, Nualart MT, Cecchi GR, Campos LT, Mohebtash M, Flores MR, Rothstein-Rubin R, O'Connor BM, Soori G, Knapp M, Miranda FG, Goodgame BW, Kassem M, Belani R, Sharma S, Ortiz T, Sonneborn HL, Markowitz AB, Wilbur D, Meiri E, Koo VS, Jhangiani HS, Wong L, Sanani S, Lawrence SJ, Jones CM, Murray C, Papageorgiou C, Gurtler JS, Ascensao JL, Seetalarom K, Venigalla ML, D'Andrea M, De Las Casas C, Haile DJ, Qazi FU, Santander JL, Thomas MR, Rao VP, Craig M, Garg RJ, Robles R, Lyons RM, Stegemoller RK, Goel S, Garg S, Lowry P, Lynch C, Lash B, Repka T, Baker J, Goueli BS, Campbell TC, Van Echo DA, Lee YJ, Reyes EA, Senecal FM, Donnelly G, Byeff P, Weiss R, Reid T, Roeland E, Goel A, Prow DM, Brandt DS, Kaplan HG, Payne JE, Boeckh MG, Rosen PJ, Mena RR, Khan R, Betts RF, Sharp SA, Morrison VA, Fitz-Patrick D, Congdon J, Erickson N, Abbasi R, Henderson S, Mehdi A, Wos EJ, Rehmus E, Beltzer L, Tamayo RA, Mahmood T, Reboli AC, Moore A, Brown JM, Cruz J, Quick DP, Potz JL, Kotz KW, Hutchins M, Chowhan NM, Devabhaktuni YD, Braly P, Berenguer RA, Shambaugh SC, O'Rourke TJ, Conkright WA, Winkler CF, Addo FEK, Duic JP, High KP, Kutner ME, Collins R, Carrizosa DR, Perry DJ, Kailath E, Rosen N, Sotolongo R, Shoham S, Chen T. Safety and efficacy of inactivated varicella zoster virus vaccine in immunocompromised patients with malignancies: a two-arm, randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2019; 19:1001-1012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(19)30310-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Weiner RS, Mahmood T, Morgan LR, Harris K, Baghian A, DiBiase SJ, Friedlander P, Ware ML, Kawauchi R, Herman J, Bhandari M. Abstract CT065: A Phase I clinical trial: Use of 4-demethyl-4-cholesteryl- oxycarbonyl-penclomedine (DM-CHOC-PEN) plus radiation as treatments for cancers involving the CNS. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-ct065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: 4-Demethyl-4-cholesteryloxycarbonylpenclomedine (DM-CHOC-PEN) is a poly-chlorinated pyridine cholesteryl carbonate with a MOA via bis-alkylation of DNA @ N7-guanine and N4-cytosine that has completed Phase II studies [AACR, #CT129, 2017] in subjects with cancers involving the CNS. Four (4) subjects in the Phase I/II trials required surgery for persistent CNS lesions following DM-CHOC-PEN therapy with 39-98.8 mg/m2 of drug. DM-CHOC-PEN was identified in samples from all 4-subjects - 90-212 ng/g tumor. Thus, the drug penetrates the CNS and tumors and is available to act as a radiosensitizer; the latter has been supported with in vitro studies [AACR, #4746, 2017]. The current presentation reviews Phase I clinical data that supports the safety, dose-tolerance and use for DM-CHOC-PEN plus radiation in subjects with cancers involving the CNS - IND 68,876.
Patients & Methods: DM-CHOC-PEN was administered as a 3-hr IV infusion once to subjects with advanced cancer involving the CNS. A single dose (39 mg/m2 to 98.7 mg/m2 in escalating Phase I scheme) was administered once 3-weeks prior to receiving stereotaxic radio-surgery (SRS), gamma knife or whole brain irradiation (WBRT) therapy. Radiation was administered in doses of 15-30 Gy depending on the size and number of lesions.
Results: Thirteen (13) subjects with cancer involving the CNS have been treated to date with DM-CHOC-PEN (6-NSCLC, 1-breast, 1-melanoma, 2-GBM & 3-sarcomas). Subjects received 39, 50, 70, 86.8 or 98.7 mg/m2 and 15-30 Gy of radiation. The drug/radiation combination was well tolerated. One (1) subject with NSCLC did develop vasogenic edema and tumor necrosis which resolved and the subject is in complete remission 42+ mos. A second subject with a recurrent GBM with confusion progressed - Gr-3. Ten (10) of the thirteen (13) subjects have had objective results (OS 8-54+ mos.) Bioavailability for DM-CHOC-PEN revealed a rebound phenomenon @ ~ 50 hours post-infusion with a T-release of 26.7 h. The same phenomenon was observed with RBCs (estimation using Monolix 3.2). DM-CHOC-PEN was detected bound to RBCs for 3-days (after 70 mg/m2) and was also detected in the urine (Cmax=17.5 µg/mL) until day 15. The AUC was linear for all doses. Pre-clinical radiosensitization in vitro studies [AACR #1917, 2017] support the present trial study result. Photon induced charge transfer reactions with DM-CHOC-PEN will be discussed as a MOA.
Conclusion: Data is presented that documents effectiveness and safety of DM-CHOC-PEN plus radiation as therapy for subjects with cancers involving the CNS. Observations during Phase I/II clinical trials with DM-CHOC-PEN alone supported the drug’s persistent presence in human tumors after systemic administration and possible positive effects on response to subsequent radiation. Complete data on subject responses and observed toxicities will be presented. Supported by - NCI/SBIR grants - R43 CA213545-02 and NIH NIGMS 1 U54 GM104940 - the latter funds the Louisiana Clinical and Translational Science Center.
Citation Format: RS Weiner, T Mahmood, Lee Roy Morgan, K. Harris, A. Baghian, SJ DiBiase, P. Friedlander, ML Ware, R. Kawauchi, J. Herman, M. Bhandari. A Phase I clinical trial: Use of 4-demethyl-4-cholesteryl- oxycarbonyl-penclomedine (DM-CHOC-PEN) plus radiation as treatments for cancers involving the CNS [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr CT065.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - T Mahmood
- 2Detriot Clinical Research Center, Lansing, MI
| | | | | | | | - SJ DiBiase
- 4New York - Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY
| | | | - ML Ware
- 6Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - R. Kawauchi
- 2Detriot Clinical Research Center, Lansing, MI
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Mahmood T, Mylopoulos M, Bagli D, Damignani R, Aminmohamed Haji F. A mixed methods study of challenges in the implementation and use of the surgical safety checklist. Surgery 2019; 165:832-837. [DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2018.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Shakeel M, Abduulah S, Shahzad M, Mahmood T, Siddiqui N. Averaging aggregation operators with pythagorean trapezoidal fuzzy numbers and their application to group decision making. IFS 2019. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-17238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Shakeel
- Department of Mathematics, Hazara University Mansehra, KPK, Pakistan
| | - S. Abduulah
- Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KPK, Pakistan
| | - M. Shahzad
- Department of Mathematics, Hazara University Mansehra, KPK, Pakistan
| | - T. Mahmood
- Department of Electronics Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Taxila Sub Campus, Chakwal, Pakistan
| | - N. Siddiqui
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of Engineering and Technology Taxila, Pakistan
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Shakeel M, Abdullah S, Shahzad M, Amin F, Mahmood T, Amin N. Pythagorean trapezoidal fuzzy geometric aggregation operators based on Einstein operations and their application in group decision making. IFS 2019. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-181329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Shakeel
- Department of Mathematics, Hazara University, Mansehra KPK, Pakistan
| | - Saleem Abdullah
- Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan KPK, Pakistan
| | - M. Shahzad
- Department of Mathematics, Hazara University, Mansehra KPK, Pakistan
| | - F. Amin
- Department of Mathematics, Hazara University, Mansehra KPK, Pakistan
| | - T. Mahmood
- Department of Electronics, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila, Sub Campus Chakwal, Pakistan
| | - N. Amin
- Department of Mathematics, Hazara University, Mansehra KPK, Pakistan
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Mahmood T, Scaffidi MA, Khan R, Grover SC. Virtual reality simulation in endoscopy training: Current evidence and future directions. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:5439-5445. [PMID: 30622373 PMCID: PMC6319131 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i48.5439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Virtual reality simulation is becoming the standard when beginning endoscopic training. It offers various benefits including learning in a low-stakes environment, improvement of patient safety and optimization of valuable endoscopy time. This is a review of the evidence surrounding virtual reality simulation and its efficacy in teaching endoscopic techniques. There have been 21 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that have investigated virtual reality simulation as a teaching tool in endoscopy. 10 RCTs studied virtual reality in colonoscopy, 3 in flexible sigmoidoscopy, 5 in esophagogastroduodenoscopy, and 3 in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. RCTs reported many outcomes including distance advanced in colonoscopy, comprehensive assessment of technical and non-technical skills, and patient comfort. Generally, these RCTs reveal that trainees with virtual reality simulation based learning improve in all of these areas in the beginning of the learning process. Virtual reality simulation was not effective as a replacement of conventional teaching methods. Additionally, feedback was shown to be an essential part of the learning process. Overall, virtual reality endoscopic simulation is emerging as a necessary augment to conventional learning given the ever increasing importance of patient safety and increasingly valuable endoscopy time; although work is still needed to study the nuances surrounding its integration into curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahrin Mahmood
- Division of Gastroenterology, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Michael Anthony Scaffidi
- Division of Gastroenterology, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Rishad Khan
- Division of Gastroenterology, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Samir Chandra Grover
- Division of Gastroenterology, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto M5B 1W8, Canada
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Mahmood T, Nawaz H, Ditta A, Majeed MI, Hanif MA, Rashid N, Bhatti HN, Nargis HF, Saleem M, Bonnier F, Byrne HJ. Raman spectral analysis for rapid screening of dengue infection. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 200:136-142. [PMID: 29677500 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Infection with the dengue virus is currently clinically detected according to different biomarkers in human blood plasma, commonly measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assays, including non-structural proteins (Ns1), immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG). However, there is little or no mutual correlation between the biomarkers, as demonstrated in this study by a comparison of their levels in samples from 17 patients. As an alternative, the label free, rapid screening technique, Raman spectroscopy has been used for the characterisation/diagnosis of healthy and dengue infected human blood plasma samples. In dengue positive samples, changes in specific Raman spectral bands associated with lipidic and amino acid/protein content are observed and assigned based on literature and these features can be considered as markers associated with dengue development. Based on the spectroscopic analysis of the current, albeit limited, cohort of samples, Principal Components Analysis (PCA) coupled Factorial Discriminant Analysis, yielded values of 97.95% sensitivity and 95.40% specificity for identification of dengue infection. Furthermore, in a comparison of the normal samples to the patient samples which scored low for only one of the biomarker tests, but high or medium for either or both of the other two, PCA-FDA demonstrated a sensitivity of 97.38% and specificity of 86.18%, thus providing an unambiguous screening technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - H Nawaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - A Ditta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M I Majeed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M A Hanif
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - N Rashid
- University of Central Punjab, Faisalabad campus, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - H N Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - H F Nargis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M Saleem
- National Institute of Lasers and Optronics (NILOP), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - F Bonnier
- EA 6295 Nano-médicaments and nano-sondes, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France
| | - H J Byrne
- FOCAS Research Institute, Dublin Institute of Technology, Kevin Street, Dublin 8, Ireland
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Morgan LR, Mahmood T, Weiner RS, Kawauchi R, Bhandari M, Devisitty K, Herman J, Summe R, Ware ML, Friedlander P, Rodgers AH. Abstract CT119: Early phase I clinical trial results for 4-demethyl-4-cholesteryloxycarbonylpenclomedine (DM-CHOC-PEN) plus radiation in cancers involving the CNS. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-ct119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose:4-Demethyl-4-cholesteryloxycarbonylpenclomedine (DM-CHOC-PEN) is a poly-chlorinated pyridine cholesteryl carbonate with a mechanism of action (MOA) via bis-alkylation of DNA @ N7-guanine and N4-cytosine that has completed Phase I/II studies [AACR, 58, #CT129, 2017] in subjects with cancers involving the CNS. Four (4) subjects in the Phase I/II trials required surgery for persistent CNS lesions following DM-CHOC-PEN therapy and DM-CHOC-PEN was identified in samples from all 4-subjects - 90-212 ng/g tumor [subjects had been treated with 39-98.8 mg/m2 of drug]. Thus, the drug penetrates the CNS and concentrates in tumors. It is available, therefore, to act as a radiosensitizer as demonstrated in in vitro studies [AACR, 58, #4746, 2017]. The current presentation reviews Phase I clinical data that supports the safety, dose-tolerance, and use of DM-CHOC-PEN with radiation in subjects with cancers involving the CNS - IND 68,876.
Patients & Methods: DM-CHOC-PEN was administered as a 3-hr IV infusion once every 21 days to subjects with advanced cancer involving the CNS. A single dose was administered prior to standard radiation therapy. The dose was escalated from 39 mg/m2 to 98.7 mg/m2 I.X1, then 3-weeks later the subject received stereotaxic radio-surgery (SRS) or whole brain irradiation (WBRT). Total radiation administered was 15-30 Gy depending on the size and number of lesions.
Results: Nine (9) subjects with cancer involving the CNS have been treated to date - (6-NSCLC, 1-breast, 1-melanoma & 1-sarcoma). Subjects received 39, 55, 70, 86.8 or 98.7 mg/m2 followed by 15-30 Gy of radiation. The drug/radiation combination was well tolerated. One (1) subject with NSCLC developed vasogenic edema and tumor necrosis which resolved; that subject is in complete remission 31+ mos. Six out of nine subjects have had objective responses (OS 4 - 42+ mos.) Bioavailability for DM-CHOC-PEN revealed a rebound phenomenon @ ~ 50 hours post-infusion with a T-release of 26.7 h. The same phenomenon was observed with RBCs (estimation using Monolix 3.2). DM-CHOC-PEN was detected bound to RBCs for 3-days (after 70 mg/m2); DM-CHOC-PEN was also detected in the urine (Cmax=17.5 µg/mL) until day 15. The AUC was linear for all doses. Pre-clinical in vitro studies supported the clinical data: NSCLC cells treated with DM-CHOC-PEN (0.1 -1.0 µg/mL) demonstrated 50 & 100% cytotoxicity @ 0.4 & 1.0 µg/mL. For radiation alone (6, 9 &12 Gy) - cell kill was 20 & 65% @ 6 & 12 Gy [100% kill was not observed at this dose range]; for DM-CHOC-PEN (0.25 µg/mL) plus radiation (6-12 Gy) - cell kill was 80 & 100% @ 6 & 12 Gy. Photon induced charge transfer reactions with DM-CHOC-PEN will be discussed.
Conclusion: Preliminary data is presented that supports enhanced cytotoxicity and safety of DM-CHOC-PEN plus radiation as therapy for subjects with cancers involving the CNS. Observations during Phase I/II clinical trials with DM-CHOC-PEN alone support the drug's persistent presence in human tumors after systemic administration and possible positive effects on response to subsequent radiation. Complete data on subject responses and observed toxicities will be presented. Supported by - NCI/SBIR grants - R43 CA213545-01 and NIH NIGMS 1 U54 GM104940 - the latter funds the Louisiana Clinical and Translational Science Center.
Citation Format: LR Morgan, T Mahmood, R S. Weiner, R Kawauchi, M Bhandari, K Devisitty, J Herman, R Summe, ML Ware, P Friedlander, AH Rodgers. Early phase I clinical trial results for 4-demethyl-4-cholesteryloxycarbonylpenclomedine (DM-CHOC-PEN) plus radiation in cancers involving the CNS [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr CT119.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - T Mahmood
- 2Detroit Clinical Research Center, Lansing, MI
| | | | - R Kawauchi
- 2Detroit Clinical Research Center, Lansing, MI
| | | | - K Devisitty
- 5Karmanos Cancer Center Institute at McLaren Flint, Flint, MI
| | | | - R Summe
- 4The Christ Hospital, Cincinnati, OH
| | - ML Ware
- 7Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA
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Chaudhary A, Mahmood T, Shukla A, Shreenivasa A, Arvind V, Ahmad K, Verma A. Association of Socio-Demographic Profile with Prevalence of Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis among Retreated Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in North India. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.3126/saarctb.v16i1.23238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Methods: An observational cross sectional study, which includes 116 patients of sputum smear positive pulmonary TB of age 18 or above. Further, detailed history taking regarding different demographic profile was done. Also, they were subjected to CB-NAAT and rifampicin resistant cases were considered as MDR-TB.
Results: Proportion of MDR-TB was 31.89% among retreatment TB cases. 56.75 % (n=21) of MDR-TB cases were between the age group of 21-40 years. Proportion of MDR-TB was higher among males (75.67%), married (59.45%) and rural dwellers 59.45%. Proportion was 61.76% among patients with BMI <16; 31.57% with BMI 16-16.99, 28.57% with BMI 17-18.49 and 5.7% with BMI 18.50-24.99. MDRTB proportion was less 29.72% (n=11) in patients with history of TB contact in family. Pulmonary TB including MDR-TB was more common among illiterates (37.83% among MDR).
Conclusion: Proportion of MDR-TB was high among retreatment cases in north India. Among them low BMI and education status are modifiable factor and this study signifies that MDR-TB burden can be reduced by improving health and education status of patient.
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Ng-Kamstra JS, Arya S, Greenberg SLM, Kotagal M, Arsenault C, Ljungman D, Yorlets RR, Agarwal A, Frankfurter C, Nikouline A, Lai FYX, Palmqvist CL, Fu T, Mahmood T, Raju S, Sharma S, Marks IH, Bowder A, Pi L, Meara JG, Shrime MG. Perioperative mortality rates in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Glob Health 2018; 3:e000810. [PMID: 29989045 PMCID: PMC6035511 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2018-000810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Lancet Commission on Global Surgery proposed the perioperative mortality rate (POMR) as one of the six key indicators of the strength of a country’s surgical system. Despite its widespread use in high-income settings, few studies have described procedure-specific POMR across low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We aimed to estimate POMR across a wide range of surgical procedures in LMICs. We also describe how POMR is defined and reported in the LMIC literature to provide recommendations for future monitoring in resource-constrained settings. Methods We did a systematic review of studies from LMICs published from 2009 to 2014 reporting POMR for any surgical procedure. We extracted select variables in duplicate from each included study and pooled estimates of POMR by type of procedure using random-effects meta-analysis of proportions and the Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation to stabilise variances. Results We included 985 studies conducted across 83 LMICs, covering 191 types of surgical procedures performed on 1 020 869 patients. Pooled POMR ranged from less than 0.1% for appendectomy, cholecystectomy and caesarean delivery to 20%–27% for typhoid intestinal perforation, intracranial haemorrhage and operative head injury. We found no consistent associations between procedure-specific POMR and Human Development Index (HDI) or income-group apart from emergency peripartum hysterectomy POMR, which appeared higher in low-income countries. Inpatient mortality was the most commonly used definition, though only 46.2% of studies explicitly defined the time frame during which deaths accrued. Conclusions Efforts to improve access to surgical care in LMICs should be accompanied by investment in improving the quality and safety of care. To improve the usefulness of POMR as a safety benchmark, standard reporting items should be included with any POMR estimate. Choosing a basket of procedures for which POMR is tracked may offer institutions and countries the standardisation required to meaningfully compare surgical outcomes across contexts and improve population health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua S Ng-Kamstra
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sumedha Arya
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah L M Greenberg
- Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Meera Kotagal
- Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Catherine Arsenault
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan school of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Ljungman
- Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rachel R Yorlets
- Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Arnav Agarwal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Anton Nikouline
- Division of Emergency Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Terence Fu
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tahrin Mahmood
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sneha Raju
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sristi Sharma
- Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Isobel H Marks
- Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alexis Bowder
- Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Lebei Pi
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - John G Meara
- Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mark G Shrime
- Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Mahmood T, Puckrin R, Sugar L, Naimark D. Staphylococcus-Associated Glomerulonephritis Mimicking Henoch-Schönlein Purpura and Cryoglobulinemic Vasculitis in a Patient With an Epidural Abscess: A Case Report and Brief Review of the Literature. Can J Kidney Health Dis 2018; 5:2054358118776325. [PMID: 29900000 PMCID: PMC5985547 DOI: 10.1177/2054358118776325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale Staphylococcus-associated glomerulonephritis (SAGN) is a rare immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis associated with active Staphylococcus infection. We report a case illustrating the importance of clinical history and kidney biopsy findings in establishing the correct diagnosis. Presenting concerns of the patient We report the case of a 64-year-old man with alcohol-associated cirrhosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertension who presented to hospital with lower back and abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, a purpuric lower extremity rash, and oliguric acute kidney injury with microscopic hematuria and nephrotic-range proteinuria. Diagnoses Skin biopsy revealed IgA leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Serum cryoglobulins were positive and there was hypocomplementemia with a low C3 level. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine revealed septic discitis and epidural abscesses caused by a recent Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Kidney biopsy showed IgA-dominant and C3-dominant proliferative glomerulonephritis with subepithelial humps in keeping with SAGN. Interventions Urgent hemodialysis was initiated along with a prolonged course of intravenous cefazolin. Outcomes Remarkably, the patient demonstrated a complete recovery of renal function after 2 months of dialysis dependence and successful treatment of the epidural abscesses. Lessons learned This case shows that SAGN can closely mimic the clinical, laboratory, and histological presentation of Henoch-Schönlein Purpura or cryoglobulinemic vasculitis. Clinical history and kidney biopsy, particularly electron microscopic analysis, are essential to establishing the correct diagnosis to avoid the unnecessary and potentially harmful administration of immunosuppression. Despite the typically poor prognosis of SAGN, this case report illustrates that full renal recovery remains possible with supportive care and eradication of the underlying infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahrin Mahmood
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Puckrin
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Linda Sugar
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Naimark
- Division of Nephrology, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mahmood
- Oklahoma University Health Science Center, Oklahoma city, OK
| | - C Bauer
- Oklahoma University Health Science Center, Oklahoma city, OK
| | - K Jones
- Oklahoma University Health Science Center, Oklahoma city, OK
| | - v Doshi
- Oklahoma University Health Science Center, Oklahoma city, OK
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DeLong A, Astar W, Mahmood T, Carter GM. Polarization attraction of 10-Gb/s NRZ-BPSK signal in a highly nonlinear fiber. Opt Express 2017; 25:25625-25636. [PMID: 29041227 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.025625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Polarization attraction of a 10-Gb/s non-return-to-zero binary phase-shift keyed (NRZ-BPSK) signal has been successfully demonstrated for the first time in a counter-propagating beam configuration using a continuous-wave pump, in a highly nonlinear fiber, by utilizing the Kerr nonlinear cross-polarization process inherent to that fiber. The efficacy of mitigating polarization-dependent loss across polarization-sensitive devices was emulated with a linear polarizer located before the receiver. The receiver sensitivity penalty at 10-9 bit-error-rate relative to the baseline NRZ-BPSK signal was < 0.5 dB, when polarization attraction was employed for a polarization-scrambled signal (after achieving a degree of polarization > 90%). The results confirm that polarization attraction is independent of modulation format.
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Batool R, Salahuddin H, Mahmood T, Ismail M. Study of anticancer and antibacterial activities of Foeniculum vulgare, Justicia adhatoda and Urtica dioica as natural curatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 63:109-114. [PMID: 28980930 DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2017.63.9.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
High-throughput technologies, such as synthetic biology and genomics have paved new paths for discovery and utility of medicinally beneficial plants. Bioactive molecules isolated from different plants have significantly higher biological activities. The present study was done to analyze antibacterial potential of some medicinal plants against multi drug resistant (MDR) pathogens and anticancer effect against MCF-7 cell line. Methanolic and ethanolic extracts were tested for their antibacterial activity by disc diffusion method against six MDR bacterial strains and for cytotoxicity evaluation by MTT assay. Ethanolic extracts of the three tested plants exhibited growth inhibitory effect against Klebsiella pneumonia, Serratia marcescens and Methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was more resistant to all extracts as its growth was least inhibited by the extracts of all tested plants. Ethanol extract of Foeniculum vulgare exhibited significant inhibition of cancer cells proliferation. Methanol extract of Justicia adhatoda also showed considerable inhibition of cancer cells. Future studies must converge on detailed investigation of modes of action of extracts of tested plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Batool
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad- 45320, Pakistan
| | - H Salahuddin
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad- 45320, Pakistan
| | - T Mahmood
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad- 45320, Pakistan
| | - M Ismail
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Weiner RS, Morgan LR, Mahmood T, Kawauchi R, Gordon C, Ware ML, Matrana M, Cosgriff TM, Rodgers AH, Bastian G, Bhandari M, Zou JJ. Abstract CT052: Clinical trial results for 4-demethyl-4-cholesteryloxycarbonylpenclomedine (DM-CHOC-PEN) in cancers involving the CNS. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-ct052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: 4-Demethyl-4-cholesteryloxycarbonylpenclomedine (DM-CHOC-PEN) is a poly-chlorinated pyridine cholesteryl carbonate with a MOA via bis-alkylation of DNA @ N7-guanine and N4-cytosine that has completed Phase I and II trials (the latter on subjects with CNS involvement) [AACR #1185, 2013; AACR #CT 129]. The primary aim was to assess clinical response and secondary aims to monitor toxicities/safety and verify the MTDs for IV administered DM-CHOC-PEN that derived in Phase I study (IND 68,876). We report here the responses and toxicities seen in all the subjects treated.
Subjects & Methods: In Phase I, DM-CHOC-PEN was administered as a 3-hr IV infusion once every 21 days to subjects with advanced cancer; cohorts received escalating doses from 39 - 111 mg/m2. The Phase II dose schedule was 2-tiered: 85.8 mg/m2 for subjects with liver involvement and 98.7 mg/m2 for subjects with normal livers.
Results: Fifty two (52) subjects have been treated to date - 25 in Phase I (cancer subjects with or without CNS involvement) and 27 in Phase II (with CNS involvement). The common tumor types treated were primary brain cancers and melanoma, breast, and lung cancers involving the CNS. The drug was well tolerated; the most common adverse effects were fatigue (17%), reversible liver dysfunction (9%) and nausea (11%). No neuro/psychological, hematological, cardiac or renal toxicities were observed. PK modeling revealed that AUCs were parallel for all dose levels (39-111 mg/m2). The Cmax for DM-CHOC-PEN and DM-PEN (4-demethylpenclomedine, a metabolite) were 3 and 24 hours, respectively. Both DM-CHOC-PEN and DM-PEN were detected 3 to 15 days after administration associated (up to 50%) with rbcs. Of interest, young adults (<40 y/o) demonstrated significant increases in Cmax and AUC vs. older subjects, supporting the need for trials in adolescents and young adults. DM-CHOC-PEN was also detected in CNS tumor tissue obtained surgically from five (5) subjects - in concentrations of 75-210 ng/g, 22 days to 9 mos. post treatments at doses of 39 or 98.7 mg/m2 of drug. To date, 16 subjects with lung cancer (11 with NSCLC involving the CNS) have been treated. Seven of the 11 subjects with NSCLC involving the CNS (incl. 6 with cerebellar disease) have responded with CR/PR (RECIST 1.1) and improved OS/QOL/PFS (Kaplan-Meier) lasting 8+ - 32+ mos. Conclusion: DM-CHOC-PEN is safe at these dose levels and has produced objective responses with manageable toxicities in subjects with cancer involving the CNS. Complete data on subject responses and observed toxicities will be presented. We propose a 3-stage mechanism for drug entry into the CNS and into NSCLC cells via reversible binding with RBCs and then associated with L-glutamine transport into cells. Supported by NCI/SBIR grants - R43/44CA132257 and NIH NIGMS 1 U54 GM104940 - the latter funds the Louisiana Clinical and Translational Science Center.
Citation Format: Roy S. Weiner, Lee Roy Morgan, T Mahmood, R. Kawauchi, C. Gordon, ML Ware, M. Matrana, TM Cosgriff, AH Rodgers, G. Bastian, M. Bhandari, J-J Zou. Clinical trial results for 4-demethyl-4-cholesteryloxycarbonylpenclomedine (DM-CHOC-PEN) in cancers involving the CNS [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr CT052. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-CT052
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - T Mahmood
- 3Detroit Clinical Research Center, Lansing, MI
| | - R. Kawauchi
- 3Detroit Clinical Research Center, Lansing, MI
| | - C. Gordon
- 4Detroit Clinical Research Center, Farmington Hills, MI
| | - ML Ware
- 5Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - M. Matrana
- 5Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - TM Cosgriff
- 6East Jefferson General Hospital, Metairie, LA
| | | | - G. Bastian
- 7University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA
| | | | - J-J Zou
- 9University of Texas Health Science Center/Herman Hospital, Houston, TX
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Mahmood T, Mirza M, Nawaz H, Shahid M, Athar M, Hussain M. Effect of supplementing exogenous protease in low protein poultry by-product meal based diets on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in broilers. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Mahmood T, Mirza M, Nawaz H, Shahid M. Effect of different exogenous proteases on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and carcass response in broiler chickens fed poultry by-product meal-based diets. Livest Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kapur A, Mahmood T, Hod M. The unmet need for universal testing for hyperglycaemia in pregnancy and the FIGO guideline. BJOG 2017; 125:529-531. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.14659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Kapur
- World Diabetes Foundation; Gentofte Denmark
- FIGO Working Group on Hyperglycaemia in Pregnancy; London UK
| | - T Mahmood
- FIGO Working Group on Hyperglycaemia in Pregnancy; London UK
- European Board and College of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Kirkcaldy Scotland
| | - M Hod
- FIGO Working Group on Hyperglycaemia in Pregnancy; London UK
- European Association of Perinatal Medicine; Tel Aviv Israel
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Mahmood T, Mirza MA, Nawaz H, Shahid M. Exogenous protease supplementation of poultry by-product meal-based diets for broilers: Effects on growth, carcass characteristics and nutrient digestibility. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2017; 102:e233-e241. [PMID: 28455873 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of three levels (0%, 3% and 6%) of poultry by-product meal (PBM) with or without protease on broiler growth, carcass characteristics and nutrient digestibility from 1 to 35 days. Two hundred and forty birds (n = 240) were fed equi-caloric and equi-nitrogenous (ME 2850 kcal/kg; CP 20%) diets throughout the experiment. The enzyme supplementation increased feed intake (p < .01) and body weight gain (p < .01), but feed:gain remained unaffected (p > .05) from 1 to 21 days. Increasing level of PBM decreased feed intake (p < .05), but body weight gain was improved (p < .05) at 3% PBM level during 1 to 21 days. The feed:gain was improved (p < .05) in birds fed diets containing 3% PBM. The feed:gain was also improved in birds fed diets containing 3% PBM from 1 to 35 days. However, feed intake and body weight gain in birds fed diets containing PBM remained unaffected. An interaction (p < .01) on feed intake between enzyme and PBM was noticed during 1 to 21 days. However, no interaction was recorded for body weight gain and feed:gain. The per cent carcass yield improved (p < .01) in birds fed diets supplemented with enzyme. The per cent breast meat yield was depressed (p < .005) in birds fed diets containing PBM. Apparent metabolizable energy (p < .001), nitrogen retention (p < .01), apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen (p < .001), and apparent digestibility coefficient for nitrogen (p < .01) improved in birds fed diets containing enzyme; however, a reverse was noticed in those fed diets containing only PBM. In conclusion, inclusion of 3% PBM along with supplementation of exogenous protease improved performance and nutrient digestibility in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mahmood
- Institute of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M A Mirza
- Institute of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - H Nawaz
- Institute of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M Shahid
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Bostan N, Amen N, Safdar W, Adam T, Durrani AA, Shakoor A, Ahmed H, Siddiqui AA, Javed S, Mahmood T. Risk factors involved in spread of HCV in patients from sub urban Rawalpindi and their association with existing genotypes. Trop Biomed 2016; 33:652-662. [PMID: 33579061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The current epidemiological study was designed to trace the involved risk factors in Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) spread and to identify any association between HCV genotypes and risk factors. Blood samples were taken from 400 participants and viral genotyping was performed in order to find any possible relationship between the risk factors and genotypes. Major genotypes included 3, 1, 4 and several untypeable ones with prevalence rates 65%, 22.5%, 2.75% and 9.75% respectively. Surgery and dental procedure were strongly related to the spread of genotype 3b, while genotype 1b was strongly related to blood transfusion and dental procedures as a single combination risk factor. On the other hand genotypes 1a, 3a, 4 and the untypeable genotypes, were equally affected by all reported risk factors. The probability of occurrence of genotype 3a with reference to dental procedures was 11%. Dental procedures, unsafe injection and surgical procedures are the main risk factors while the blood transfusion in combination with dental procedures has emerged as a potent risk factor in the transmission of HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bostan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - N Amen
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - W Safdar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Jiangnan University,Wuxi, China
| | - T Adam
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - A A Durrani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - A Shakoor
- Department of Statistics, PMAS University of Arid Agriculture, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - H Ahmed
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - A A Siddiqui
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Science, The Aga Khan Health University, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Javed
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - T Mahmood
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Weiner RS, Mahmood T, Gordon C, Ware ML, Morgan LR, Cosgriff TM, Rodgers AH, Bastian G, Kawauchi R, Matrana M, Zou JJ. Abstract CT129: Phase II clinical trial results for 4-demethyl-4-cholesteryloxycarbonylpenclomedine (DM-CHOC-PEN) in NSCLC involving the CNS. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-ct129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: 4-Demethyl-4-cholesteryloxycarbonylpenclomedine (DM-CHOC-PEN) is a poly-chlorinated pyridine cholesteryl carbonate with a MOA via bis-alkylation of DNA @ N7-guanine and N4-cytosine that has completed a Phase I study [AACR #1185, 2013] and is being evaluated in a Phase II trial in patients with primary brain cancers and with melanoma, breast, and lung cancers with metastases to brain. The aims are to assess clinical response when DM-CHOC-PEN is administered I.V. at MTD and to monitor duration of responses and safety (IND 68,876). We report here the responses and toxicities seen in patients with NSCLC involving the CNS.
Patients & Methods: In Phase I, DM-CHOC-PEN was administered as a 3-hr IV infusion once every 21 days to patients with advanced cancer; cohorts received escalating doses from 39 - 111 mg/m2. The Phase II dose schedule is 2-tiered: 85.8 mg/m2 for patients with liver involvement and 98.7 mg/m2 for patients with normal livers. Results: Fifty two (52) patients have been treated to date - 26 in Phase I (cancer patients with or without CNS involvement) and 26 in Phase II (with CNS involvement). The drug was well tolerated; the most common adverse effects were fatigue (17%), reversible liver dysfunction (9%) and nausea (11%). No neuro/psychological, hematological, cardiac or renal toxicities were observed. PK modeling revealed that AUCs were parallel for all dose levels (39-111 mg/m2). The Cmax for DM-CHOC-PEN and DM-PEN (4-demethylpenclomedine, a metabolite) were 3 and 24 hours, respectively. Both DM-CHOC-PEN and DM-PEN were detected 3 to 15 days after administration associated (up to 50%) with rbcs. DM-CHOC-PEN was also detected in CNS tumor tissue obtained surgically from five (5) patients - concentrations of 75-210 ng/g, 22 days to 9 mos. post treatments at doses of 39 or 98.7 mg/m2 of drug. To date, 16 patients with lung cancer (11 with NSCLC involving the CNS) have been treated. Seven of the 11 patients with NSCLC involving the CNS (incl. 6 with cerebellar disease) have responded with CR/PR (RECIST 1.1) and improved OS/QOL/PFS (Kaplan-Meier) lasting 6+ - 21+ mos. Conclusion: DM-CHOC-PEN is safe at these dose levels and has produced objective responses with manageable toxicities in NSCLC involving the CNS. Complete data on patient responses and observed toxicities will be presented. We propose a 2-stage mechanism for drug entry into the CNS and into NSCLC cells via reversible binding with RBCs and then L-glutamine transport into cells. Supported by NCI/SBIR grants - R43/44CA132257 and NIH NIGMS 1 U54 GM104940 - the latter funds the Louisiana Clinical and Translational Science Center.
Citation Format: Roy S. Weiner, T Mahmood, C Gordon, ML Ware, LR Morgan, TM Cosgriff, AH Rodgers, G Bastian, R Kawauchi, M Matrana, J-J Zou. Phase II clinical trial results for 4-demethyl-4-cholesteryloxycarbonylpenclomedine (DM-CHOC-PEN) in NSCLC involving the CNS. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr CT129.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - T Mahmood
- 2Detroit Clinical Research Center, Lansing, MI
| | - C Gordon
- 3Detroit Clinical Research Center, Farmington Hills, MI
| | - ML Ware
- 4Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA
| | | | - TM Cosgriff
- 6East Jefferson General Hospital, Metairie, LA
| | | | - G Bastian
- 7University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA
| | - R Kawauchi
- 2Detroit Clinical Research Center, Lansing, MI
| | - M Matrana
- 4Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - J-J Zou
- 8University of Texas Health Sciences Center/Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX
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Salahuddin H, Mansoor Q, Batool R, Farooqi AA, Mahmood T, Ismail M. Anticancer activity of Cynodon dactylon and Oxalis corniculata on Hep2 cell line. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2016; 62:60-63. [PMID: 27188871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive chemicals isolated from plants have attracted considerable attention over the years and overwhelmingly increasing laboratory findings are emphasizing on tumor suppressing properties of these natural agents in genetically and chemically induced animal carcinogenesis models. We studied in vitro anticancer activity of organic extracts of Cynodon dactylon and Oxalis corniculata on Hep2 cell line and it was compared with normal human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC) by using MTT assay. Real Time PCR was conducted for p53 and PTEN genes in treated cancer cell line. DNA fragmentation assay was also carried out to note DNA damaging effects of the extracts. The minimally effective concentration of ethanolic extract of Cynodon dactylon and methanolic extract of Oxalis corniculata that was nontoxic to HCEC but toxic to Hep2 was recorded (IC50) at a concentration of 0.042mg/ml (49.48 % cell death) and 0.048mg/ml (47.93% cell death) respectively, which was comparable to the positive control. Our results indicated dose dependent increase in cell death. P53 and PTEN did not show significant increase in treated cell line. Moreover, DNA damaging effects were also not detected in treated cancer cell line. Anticancer activity of these plants on the cancer cell line showed the presence of anticancer components which should be characterized to be used as anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Salahuddin
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Q Mansoor
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering Islamabad Pakistan
| | - R Batool
- Quaid-e-Azam University Department of Plant Sciences Islamabad Pakistan
| | - A A Farooqi
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering Islamabad Pakistan
| | - T Mahmood
- Quaid-e-Azam University Department of Plant Sciences Islamabad Pakistan
| | - M Ismail
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering Islamabad Pakistan
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Khan N, Mahmood T. Thermophoresis particle deposition and internal heat generation on MHD flow of an Oldroyd-B nanofluid between radiative stretching disks. J Mol Liq 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Weiner RS, Friedlander P, Mahmood T, Hormigo A, Gordon C, Saenger Y, Ware ML, Thirukonda VK, Patel VM, Cosgriff TJ, Rodgers AH, Morgan LR, Bastian G. Abstract CT218: Results from the early cancer clinical trials for 4-demethyl-4-cholesteryloxycarbonylpenclomedine (DM-CHOC-PEN). Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-ct218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: 4-Demethyl-4-cholesteryloxycarbonylpenclomedine (DM-CHOC-PEN), is a poly-chlorinated pyridine cholesteryl carbonate whose MOA is via alkylation of DNA @ N7 - guanine and N6 - cytosine and via oxidative stress. DM-CHOC-PEN underwent a phase I study in patients with advanced cancer +/- CNS involvement and is being evaluated in a phase II trial in patients with primary brain cancer and brain metastases from melanoma, breast, and lung cancers. The aims are to assess clinical responses when DM-CHOC-PEN is administered I.V, at maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and to monitor safety/toxicities, pharmacokinetics, and cardiac functions - IND 68,876.
Patients & Methods: In phase I, DM-CHOC-PEN was administered as a 3-hr IV infusion once every 21-days to patients with advanced cancer - melanoma (n = 3), colorectal CA (n = 4), breast (n = 3), lung (n = 8) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) (n = 9) - the most common tumor treated. Cohorts were treated with escalating doses from 39 to 111 mg/m2. The phase II dose schedule is 2-tiered: 85.8 mg/m2 for patients with liver involvement and 98.7 mg/m2 for patients with normal livers.
Results: Forty (40) patients have been treated to date - 27 in phase I and 13 in phase II. The drug was well tolerated; the most common adverse effects were fatigue (n = 2), liver dysfunction - elevated bilirubin (Gr-3, n = 3; Gr-2, n = 1), ALT/AST (Gr-2, n = 3), alk phos (Gr-2, n = 3), nausea (Gr-1/2, n = 5) and an allergic reaction (Gr-2, n = 1). Three (3) patients with liver metastasis had hyperbilirubinemia (Gr-3 SLT) - two (2) at 98.7 mg/m2 and one (1) at 111 mg/m2 levels. No neuro/psychological, hematological, cardiac or renal toxicities were observed. PK studies revealed the following profile for DM-CHOC-PEN 98.7 mg/m2: AUC o-t = 1850 mg.h/L, CL - 3.0 L/h, T1/2 α - 3.3 h & Tβ - 79.1 h. DM-CHOC PEN and DM-PEN (metabolite) showed a rebound phenomenon at ∼50 hours post-infusion with a T release of 26.7 h for plasma and rbcs. DM-CHOC-PEN and DM-PEN were detected 3 and 15 days bound to RBCs (70 - 111 mg/m2); DM-CHOC-PEN was also detected in the urine (Cmax = 17.5 μg/mL) until day 21. The AUC was linear for all doses. DM-CHOC-PEN was detected in spinal sarcoma and in lung cancer tissues (75 & 190 ng/g, resp.) surgically obtained from patients 21-days post single injection of 39 & 98.7 mg/m2, resp. Patients receiving dexamethasone demonstrated lower blood levels of DM-CHOC-PEN along with induction of steroid esterase activities. After multiple doses, DM-CHOC-PEN also induced steroid esterase levels, which reversed within 4 weeks. Steroid esterase assays may be a valuable companion assay.
Conclusion: DM-CHOC-PEN is safe at the presented dose levels and shows a favorable PK profile. To date, 15 patients have had responses with significant PFS/OS, including 10 with CNS involvement. DM-CHOC-PEN is well tolerated with manageable toxicities. Complete patient responses/toxicities will be presented. Supported by NCI/SBIR grant - R43/44CA132257
Citation Format: Roy S. Weiner, P Friedlander, T Mahmood, Adilia Hormigo, C Gordon, Y Saenger, ML Ware, VK Thirukonda, VM Patel, TJ Cosgriff, AH Rodgers, LR Morgan, G Bastian. Results from the early cancer clinical trials for 4-demethyl-4-cholesteryloxycarbonylpenclomedine (DM-CHOC-PEN). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr CT218. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-CT218
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Affiliation(s)
| | - P Friedlander
- 2Mount Sinai Medical School Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, NY
| | - T Mahmood
- 3Detroit Clinical Research Center, Lansing, MI
| | - Adilia Hormigo
- 2Mount Sinai Medical School Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, NY
| | - C Gordon
- 4Detroit Clinical Research Center, Farmington Hills, MI
| | - Y Saenger
- 2Mount Sinai Medical School Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, NY
| | - ML Ware
- 5Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA
| | | | - VM Patel
- 7Crescent City Research Consortium, Marrero, LA
| | - TJ Cosgriff
- 7Crescent City Research Consortium, Marrero, LA
| | | | | | - G Bastian
- 9Service de Pharmacologie, Paris, France
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Mahmood T, Mansouri B, Menter A. Successful treatment of generalized granuloma annulare with adalimumab. Clin Exp Dermatol 2015; 40:537-9. [PMID: 25688452 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of a 64 year-old woman who demonstrated resolution of recalcitrant, generalized granuloma annulare (GA) following treatment with adalimumab. After showing little response to other treatment techniques, such as steroids and a triple antibiotic regimen, the patient was started on adalimumab. Within 3 months, she showed almost complete resolution of lesions. Within 6 months, she was completely lesion-free, and remained clear following 12 months of adalimumab therapy. This case provides further evidence that tumour necrosis factor-α inhibitors may be a treatment option for patients with recalcitrant, generalized GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mahmood
- Texas A&M Health Sciences Center College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - B Mansouri
- Department of Dermatology, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - A Menter
- Department of Dermatology, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Mahmood T, Siddiqui HH, Dixit R, Bagga P, Hussain S. Protective Effect of Bombyx mori L Cocoon (Abresham) and its Formulations against Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Damage. TROP J PHARM RES 2015. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v14i1.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Mahmood T, Haji F, Damignani R, Bagli D, Dubrowski A, Manzone J, Truong J, Martin R, Mylopoulos M. Compliance does not mean quality: an in-depth analysis of the safe surgery checklist at a tertiary care health facility. Am J Med Qual 2015; 30:191. [PMID: 25586102 DOI: 10.1177/1062860614567830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Faizal Haji
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rita Damignani
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Darius Bagli
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Judy Truong
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Martin
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Maria Mylopoulos
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Mahmood T, Cannon BM, Astar W, Carter GM. Polarization-insensitive all-optical dual pump-phase transmultiplexing from 2 × 10-GBd OOKs to 10-GBd RZ-QPSK using cross-phase modulation in a birefringent nonlinear PCF. Opt Express 2014; 22:31774-31785. [PMID: 25607146 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.031774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Polarization-insensitive (PI) all-optical dual pump-phase transmultiplexing from 2 × 10-GBd OOKs to 10-GBd RZ-QPSK was successfully demonstrated in a birefringent nonlinear photonic crystal fiber (PCF), by utilizing cross-phase modulation (XPM) and the inherent birefringence of the device, for the first time. PI operation was achieved by launching the probe and one pump off-axis while the state of polarization (SOP) of the other pump was randomized. Optimum pump-probe detuning, all within the C-Band, was also utilized to reduce the polarization-induced power fluctuation. Receiver sensitivity penalty at 10-9 bit-error-rate was < 5.5 dB in PI operation, relative to the FPGA-precoded RZ-DQPSK baseline.
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48
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Mahmood T, Akhtar N. The tyrosinase-inhibitory activity of green tea and lotus subsequently revealed for depigmenting effects in healthy Asian subjects. GIORN ITAL DERMAT V 2014; 149:730-731. [PMID: 25664827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Mahmood
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan -
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Khan H, Akhtar N, Mahmood T, Jameel A, Mohsin S. Preliminary 1 month stability screening of cosmetic multiple emulsions (W/O/W) prepared using cetyl dimethicone copolyol and Polysorbate 80. Int J Cosmet Sci 2014; 37:76-81. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Khan
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Alternative Medicine; The Islamia University of Bahawalpur; Bahawalpur 63100 Pakistan
| | - N. Akhtar
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Alternative Medicine; The Islamia University of Bahawalpur; Bahawalpur 63100 Pakistan
| | - T. Mahmood
- Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Central Punjab; Lahore 54000 Pakistan
| | - A. Jameel
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Alternative Medicine; The Islamia University of Bahawalpur; Bahawalpur 63100 Pakistan
| | - S. Mohsin
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Alternative Medicine; The Islamia University of Bahawalpur; Bahawalpur 63100 Pakistan
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50
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Ware M, Weiner R, Friedlander P, Gordon C, Saenger Y, Mahmood T, Rodgers A, Bastian G, Urien S, Lee, Morgan R. DD-08 * PHASE I CANCER CLINICAL TRIAL FOR 4-DEMETHYL-4-CHOLESTERYLOXYCARBONYLPENCLOMEDINE (DM-CHOC-PEN). Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou246.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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