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Aoyama K, Tachi T, Kubo S, Koyama A, Watanabe M, Aoyama S, Noguchi Y, Tanaka K, Yasuda M, Shibata A, Mizui T, Teramachi H. Probable effects of polypharmacy and equivalent doses of psychotropic drugs on prevalence of adverse drug events among psychiatric inpatients in a general hospital in Japan. Hum Psychopharmacol 2024:e2890. [PMID: 38180732 DOI: 10.1002/hup.2890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In psychiatry, polypharmacy or high psychotropic drug doses increase adverse drug event (ADE) prevalence. However, the full relationship between polypharmacy and ADEs is unclear, and few studies have evaluated dose equivalents for psychotropic drugs for ADEs. Thus, we conducted a retrospective analysis to clarify the effects of polypharmacy and chlorpromazine (CP)-, diazepam (DAP)-, and imipramine- equivalent doses on all ADEs in inpatients. METHODS Psychiatric inpatients in a Japanese hospital from April 1, 2016 to March 31, 2018, were enrolled. ADE severity and causality were assessed. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate ADE risk factors. RESULTS Among 462 patients analyzed, out of 471 patients enrolled, 145 (31.4%) experienced ADEs. The causality assessment determined that "possible" was 96.5%. The most common ADEs were nervous system disorders (35%). Multiple logistic regression analyses indicated an increase in ADE prevalence with the number of drugs used (≥5; p = 0.026); CP-equivalent dose (p = 0.048); and endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic disorders (p = 0.045). DAP-equivalent dose; infectious and parasitic diseases; and injury, poisoning, and consequences of other external causes decreased ADE prevalence (p = 0.047, 0.022, and 0.021, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Avoiding polypharmacy in psychiatric inpatients and adjusting drug regimens to safe equivalent doses could reduce ADEs during hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Aoyama
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu-shi, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tomoya Tachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu-shi, Gifu, Japan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya-shi, Aichi, Japan
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Promotion, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu-shi, Gifu, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu-shi, Gifu, Japan
| | - Satoaki Kubo
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu-shi, Gifu, Japan
| | - Aisa Koyama
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu-shi, Gifu, Japan
| | - Mayuko Watanabe
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu-shi, Gifu, Japan
| | - Satoshi Aoyama
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu-shi, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Noguchi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu-shi, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Tanaka
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Promotion, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu-shi, Gifu, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu-shi, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yasuda
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Promotion, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu-shi, Gifu, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu-shi, Gifu, Japan
| | - Akihiko Shibata
- Department of Psychiatry, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu-shi, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takashi Mizui
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu-shi, Gifu, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu-shi, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hitomi Teramachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu-shi, Gifu, Japan
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Yoshizawa S, Tachi T, Takahashi Y, Aoyama S, Noguchi Y, Tanaka K, Yasuda M, Mizui T, Komeda H, Yoshimura T, Teramachi H. Impact of Polypharmacy and Risk Factors for Exacerbation of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Patients with Urological Conditions: A Retrospective Study in a Japanese Municipal Hospital. Biol Pharm Bull 2024; 47:818-826. [PMID: 38599882 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Polypharmacy exacerbates lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Japan exhibits a higher prevalence of concomitant medication use in drug therapy than other countries. Previous age- and sex-specific reports exist; however, none include patients of all ages. Therefore, this retrospective study determined the impact of polypharmacy and its associated risk factors on LUTS exacerbation in outpatients with urological conditions. We included patients receiving medication who visited the Department of Urology at the Gifu Municipal Hospital (Gifu, Japan) between January, 2018 and December, 2018. The association between LUTS and polypharmacy and the risk factors for LUTS exacerbation were investigated. Patients were categorized into two groups according to their polypharmacy status. We performed propensity score matching and compared the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) between the groups using the unpaired t-test. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the risk factors, including "polypharmacy" and "taking multiple anticholinergic medications" for LUTS exacerbation. When comparing the IPSS between the groups, the polypharmacy group was found to have significantly higher scores than the non-polypharmacy group in six items, including "total score" and "storage score." Multiple logistic regression analysis results showed high significance in three items, including "polypharmacy" (odds ratio (OR) = 1.67, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-2.71) and "taking multiple anticholinergic medications" (OR = 8.68, 95% CI: 1.05-71.7). In conclusion, this study revealed that "polypharmacy" and "taking multiple anticholinergic medications" were risk factors for LUTS. Particularly, "polypharmacy" is associated with storage symptom exacerbation. Therefore, eliminating "polypharmacy" and "taking multiple anticholinergic medications" is expected to improve LUTS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomoya Tachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
| | - Yuta Takahashi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
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Tanaka K, Tachi T, Takai A, Aoyama S, Yasuda M, Kasahara S, Komeda H, Mizui T. [Effectiveness of Pharmaceutical Intervention While Administering 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Hydrochloride through a Collaboration of Physicians and Pharmacists]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2023; 50:1185-1189. [PMID: 38056871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride is a highly effective drug in reducing tumor residuals in transurethral resection of the bladder tumors; however, hypotension is a serious side effect that causes clinical problems. To avoid serious side effects, a pharmacist, in consultation with a physician, decided to discontinue the antihypertensive medication, and the effect of this pharmaceutical intervention was examined retrospectively. This study included patients who received 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride at Gifu Municipal Hospital and were instructed to continue receiving their usual antihypertensive medication on the day of surgery. The control group comprised 17 patients before the pharmaceutical intervention, and the intervention group comprised 18 patients after the pharmaceutical intervention. The difference in systolic blood pressure before and after 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride administration was -19.4±22.5 mmHg in the control group and -2.8±16.0 mmHg in the intervention group. The intervention group showed a significantly lower decrease in blood pressure(p=0.019). Intervention to avoid hypotension through the collaboration between physicians and pharmacists may be effective in improving the safety of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride.
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Yasuda M, Tachi T, Osawa T, Fujii S, Inoue S, Watanabe H, Makino T, Nagaya K, Morita M, Tanaka K, Tanaka Y, Aoyama S, Teramachi H, Kasahara S, Mizui T. Melphalan Febrile Neutropenia Risk Factors. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2023; 50:707-711. [PMID: 37317605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the risk factors of febrile neutropenia(FN)onset associated with melphalan(L-PAM)therapy. Thirty-nine patients(21 men, 18 women)were administered L-PAM intravenously for multiple myeloma(MM)from April 2011 to February 2022 at the Department of Hematology of Gifu Municipal Hospital. Patients were classified into those with and without FN(Grade 3 or higher), complete blood count and liver function tests were performed immediately before starting therapy. Univariate analysis with Fisher's exact probability test was performed. Factors with p<0.2 were considered as independent variables for multivariate analysis in the multiple logistic regression analysis. A multivariate analysis with 2 independent variables, lactate dehydrogenase(LD)level>222 U/L(upper limit of the facility reference value)and white <3.3×103/μL(lower limit of the facility reference value)from the univariate analysis, and FN onset(Grade 3 or higher)as the dependent variable showed that LD level>222 U/L(odds ratio: 6.33, 95% confidence interval: 1.12-35.8, p=0.037)was a significant factor. In conclusion, patients with LD levels >222 U/L immediately before starting therapy require adequate monitoring for FN onset following L-PAM administration.
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Katsuno H, Tachi T, Matsuyama T, Sugioka M, Aoyama S, Osawa T, Noguchi Y, Yasuda M, Goto C, Mizui T, Teramachi H. Evaluation of the Direct Costs of Managing Adverse Drug Events in all Ages and of Avoidable Adverse Drug Events in Older Adults in Japan. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:761607. [PMID: 34867381 PMCID: PMC8635725 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.761607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In Japan, medical costs are increasing annually, and the increase in national medical costs, particularly in the direct cost of managing adverse drug events, is high. An in-depth understanding of these costs is important for their reduction. This study aimed to calculate the direct cost of managing adverse drug events in all ages, including older adults, and that of avoidable adverse drug events in older adults. We conducted a retrospective survey on patients aged 1 year or older who visited Gifu Municipal Hospital in Japan. We investigated and calculated the direct cost of managing adverse drug events and that of avoidable adverse drug events based on the Beers Criteria Japanese version (BCJ) and “Guidelines for medical treatment and its safety in the elderly 2015” (GMTSE-2015) in inpatients and outpatients. Among 6,504 patients, 11.1% visited the hospital or were hospitalized due to adverse drug events. The direct costs per patient with adverse drug events were 21,281 and 22,590 yen (166 and 176 euros as on September 13, 2021) for outpatients, and 853,175 and 874,582 yen (6,648 and 6,815 euros) for inpatients of all ages and older adults, respectively. The direct costs of avoidable adverse drug events per patient using drugs listed in the BCJ and GMTSE-2015 for older adults were 3,212 and 3,341 yen (25 and 26 euros) for outpatients, and 55,548 and 80,246 yen (433 and 625 euros) for inpatients, respectively. In sum, considering both inpatients and outpatients in the whole country, the direct costs of managing adverse drug events were 804.53 billion and 597.19 billion yen (6,269 million and 4,653 million euros) per year for all ages and older ages, respectively. The direct cost of avoidable adverse drug events in older adults was 83.43–258.44 billion yen (650–2,013 million euros) per year. We found that, in Japan, high medical costs are often caused by managing adverse drug events, and that the costs of avoidable adverse drug events in older adults based on the BCJ and GMTSE-2015 account for a substantial proportion of the medical cost. Therefore, by using the BCJ and GMTSE-2015, avoiding adverse drug events and reducing medical costs may be possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Katsuno
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan.,Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tomoya Tachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan.,Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takuya Matsuyama
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Mayuko Sugioka
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Satoshi Aoyama
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Osawa
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Noguchi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yasuda
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Chitoshi Goto
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takashi Mizui
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hitomi Teramachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan.,Laboratory of Community Health Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
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Yasuda M, Tachi T, Osawa T, Watanabe H, Inoue S, Makino T, Nagaya K, Morita M, Tanaka K, Aoyama S, Kasahara S, Teramachi H, Mizui T. Risk factors for thrombocytopenia and analysis of time to platelet transfusion after azacitidine treatment. Pharmazie 2021; 76:444-449. [PMID: 34481536 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2021.1566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The use of azacitidine (AZA) has been known to lead to a high incidence of hematotoxic adverse events. The aims of this study were to identify the risk factors for thrombocytopenia after the administration of AZA and to analyze time to the initial platelet transfusion. Sixty-two patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), who were treated with AZA in Gifu Municipal Hospital between March 2012 and June 2020, were included in this study. The risk factors for thrombocytopenia were identified using univariate analysis of patient characteristics, disease type, and laboratory values immediately before the start of treatment. Variables with p<0.2 identified in the univariate analysis were used as independent variables in the multivariate analysis. This analysis identified "creatinine clearance (CCr) <60 mL/min" as a significant factor (odds ratio, 4.790; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.380-16.70; p=0.014). Subsequently, time in days to the initial platelet transfusion after the initial administration of AZA was analyzed using the log-rank test. The overall median time in days to platelet transfusion was 370 days. The log-rank test was used to determine the influence of patient characteristics, disease type, and laboratory values immediately before the start of treatment. The subsequent Cox proportional hazard regression analysis using variables with p<0.2 as independent variables identified "hemoglobin (Hb) <8.0 g/dL" as a significant factor (hazard ratio, 2.143; 95% CI, 1.001-4.573; p=0.048). The results of this study led to the following clinical implications: first, patients with CCr of <60 mL/min at the start of treatment should be treated with caution due to the risk of thrombocytopenia. Second, patients with Hb of <8.0 g/dL at the start of treatment may require platelet transfusion in the early stage of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yasuda
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Japan; Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Japan;,
| | - T Tachi
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Japan; Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Japan
| | - T Osawa
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Japan
| | - H Watanabe
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Japan
| | - S Inoue
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Japan
| | - T Makino
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Japan
| | - K Nagaya
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Japan
| | - M Morita
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Japan
| | - K Tanaka
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Japan
| | - S Aoyama
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Japan
| | - S Kasahara
- Department of Hematology, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - H Teramachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Japan
| | - T Mizui
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Japan
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Matsuyama T, Tachi T, Katsuno H, Sugioka M, Aoyama S, Osawa T, Koyama A, Murayama A, Noguchi Y, Yasuda M, Mizui T, Goto C, Teramachi H. Effects of polypharmacy on the prevalence of adverse drug events resulting in outpatient visits and hospitalization. Pharmazie 2021; 76:279-286. [PMID: 34078523 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2021.1427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A high proportion of hospitalizations is attributable to the prevalence of adverse drug events. This retrospective study included outpatients and inpatients to determine the prevalence of adverse drug events and if polypharmacy increases it. The prevalence, classification, and causality of adverse drug events were assessed based on medical records, laboratory values, and other data. Multivariate analysis (multiple logistic regression analysis) was performed with the presence or absence of adverse drug events at the time of the visit as the dependent variable and items for which the P-value was <0.25 in the univariate analysis as independent variables. The prevalence of adverse drug events was 13.0%, 10.9%, and 16.0% among all patients, the outpatient group, and the inpatient group, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that polypharmacy (≥5 drugs) significantly increased the risk of adverse drug events in all patients. The prevalence of adverse drug events significantly increased with each additional drug used. We expect that minimizing the number of medications through moderation of the number of prescription drugs and elimination of polypharmacy will reduce the number of outpatient visits and hospitalizations due to adverse drug events.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Matsuyama
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Tachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan; Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan;,
| | - H Katsuno
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - M Sugioka
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - S Aoyama
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Osawa
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - A Koyama
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - A Murayama
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Y Noguchi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - M Yasuda
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Mizui
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - C Goto
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - H Teramachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan; Laboratory of Community Health Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan;,
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Tachi T, Otsubo M, Toyoshima M, Katsuno H, Ueno A, Noguchi Y, Aoyama S, Yasuda M, Mizui T, Goto C, Teramachi H. What activities of daily living at discharge affect the discharge destination of patients in an acute-care hospital in Japan: A retrospective factor analysis. Int J Health Plann Manage 2021; 36:1326-1337. [PMID: 33893659 DOI: 10.1002/hpm.3183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
It is important to clarify the influence of activities of daily living (ADL) at discharge on the discharge destination of hospitalised patients. The Functional Independence Measure (FIM) is a widely used ADL assessment scale. In this retrospective study, we aimed to identify what ADL based on FIM at discharge affect the discharge destination of hospitalised patients in an acute-care hospital, in addition to how nutritional status and the number of drugs used, as well as types of disease, affect discharge-to-home. We surveyed age, sex, disease type, length of hospital stay, discharge destination, FIM score at discharge, serum albumin level, and the number of continued drugs in hospitalised patients who underwent rehabilitation in Gifu Municipal Hospital (Gifu, Japan) between January 2014 and December 2014. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed with discharge to home as a dependent variable and age, sex, disease, FIM score and polypharmacy as independent variables. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that a significantly high percentage of discharged-to-home patients were associated with 'self-care' (≥33 points; OR: 2.03), 'sphincter control' (≥14 points; OR: 1.49), 'transfers' (≥13 points; OR: 1.94), and 'locomotion' (≥7 points; OR: 3.55), among others. High FIM sub-scale scores at discharge for self-care, sphincter control, transfers, and locomotion were clarified as factors associated with discharge-to-home. These findings of the association of ADL based on FIM and discharge destination would be useful in deciding discharge destinations for patients in an acute-phase hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Tachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan.,Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Manami Otsubo
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Manabu Toyoshima
- Department of Pharmacy, Tomei Atsugi Hospital, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hayato Katsuno
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Anri Ueno
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Noguchi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Satoshi Aoyama
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yasuda
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takashi Mizui
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Chitoshi Goto
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hitomi Teramachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan.,Laboratory of Community Health Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
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Inoue S, Osawa T, Umeda M, Yasuda M, Mizui T, Sugiyama Y, Goto C. [Risk Factors for Anti-PD1 Antibody-Induced Skin Eruptions]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2020; 47:1189-1192. [PMID: 32829352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Skin complication caused by anti-programmed cell death-1(PD1)antibody is a typical immune-related adverse event. We designed this study to clarify the correlation between risk factors(patient's background and laboratory data)and skin toxicity( rash and eruption, excluding itch)after administration of either nivolumab or pembrolizumab. From February 2016 to January 2018, we evaluated the clinical outcomes of 54 patients who were administered anti-PD1 antibody. The patients were divided into 2 groups: 9 patients with skin eruption caused by anti-PD1 antibody(skin eruption group)and 45 patients without skin eruption caused by anti-PD1 antibody(non-skin eruption group). Univariate analysis revealed a significant difference in eosinophil counts in both the groups before anti-PD1 antibody administration(>300/µL)(p=0.020). Factors with p<0.2 in the univariate analysis and 4 factors, age(<65 years of age), sex(male), allergy(+), and pembrolizumab, likely to be related to the appearance of skin eruption, were examined by multivariate analysis. Consequently, eosinophil count before anti-PD1 antibody administration(>300/µL)was identified as a risk factor (odds ratio: 9.530, 95% confidence interval: 1.260-71.80). In conclusion, we suggest that cases with an increased eosinophil count before anti-PD1 antibody administration(>300/µL)may be associated with the appearance of skin eruption.
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Tanaka K, Tachi T, Hori A, Osawa T, Nagaya K, Makino T, Inoue S, Yasuda M, Mizui T, Nakada T, Goto C, Teramachi H. Cost utility analysis of pharmacist counseling care for breast cancer chemotherapy outpatients. Pharmazie 2019; 74:439-442. [PMID: 31288902 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2019.9327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy for cancer is increasingly implemented in the outpatient setting. Pharmacists contribute to cancer treatment by conducting counseling during outpatient chemotherapy visits. They provide guidance on drug treatment, side effects, and side effect countermeasures on every visit. However, there have been few economic evaluations of pharmacist involvement in outpatient chemotherapy. Therefore, we performed a cost utility analysis. We assigned usual care (control) and pharmacist counseling to two groups of 19 patients receiving outpatient chemotherapy for breast cancer at Gifu Municipal hospital. Quality of life was measured at three timepoints before and during chemotherapy treatment using the EuroQol 5 dimension instrument (EQ-5D). EQ-5D values across the timepoints were 0.831, 0.757, and 0.791 for the control group, and 0.882, 0.883, and 0.921 for the pharmacist counseling group. The additional cost in the pharmacist counseling group was 2,227 yen per counseling session. The change in quality-adjusted life years (QALY) was a maximum of -0.021±0.186 in the control group and 0.007±0.199 in the pharmacist counseling group. The maximum cost for one QALY was 1,360,558 yen (≈12,460 US dollars). Pharmacists' counseling in outpatient cancer chemotherapy for breast cancer patients had an acceptable incremental cost-effect ratio, contributing to improved patient quality of life without significant additional expenditure to healthcare.
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Esaki H, Tachi T, Goto C, Noguchi Y, Tanaka K, Aoyama S, Yasuda M, Mizui T, Yamamura M, Teramachi H. Relationship Between Initial Renal Function and the Inhibitory Effect of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor Treatment on Renal Function Decline. Pharmazie 2019; 74:374-382. [PMID: 31138377 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2019.8973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We retrospectively investigated the renal function index of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to examine the influence of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors on renal function between patients up to early nephropathy and after overt nephropathy. Patients with T2DM (>18 years old) who had been prescribed hypoglycemic agents for ≥3 months at Gifu Municipal Hospital between March 2010 and April 2014 were included in the study. Renal function was evaluated as the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline from baseline at 12 months. Patients in the DPP-4 inhibitor-treated and untreated groups with an eGFR ≥60 (358 [58.2 %] and 257 [41.8 %], respectively) and eGFR <60 (115 [60.2 %] and 76 [39.8 %], respectively) were subjected to multiple logistic regression analysis. Among patients with an eGFR ≥60, no significant differences were observed in eGFR decline rates over time. However, among patients with an eGFR <60, significant decreases were observed in eGFR decline rates >10 % (6 months; odds ratio, 0.476; P = 0.043, 12 months; odds ratio, 0.413; P = 0.010). Similar results were obtained for an eGFR decline rate >20 % (12 months; odds ratio, 0.369; P = 0.049). DPP-4 inhibitors are renoprotective in patients with T2DM and an eGFR <60.
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Tachi T, Kanematsu Y, Aoyama S, Katsuno H, Otsubo M, Ueno A, Sugita I, Yoshida A, Noguchi Y, Yasuda M, Mizui T, Goto C, Teramachi H. Analysis of Adverse Reactions Caused by Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions and Related Medical Costs That Are Avoidable Using the Beers Criteria: The Japanese Version and Guidelines for Medical Treatment and Its Safety in the Elderly 2015. Biol Pharm Bull 2019; 42:712-720. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Tachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital
| | - Yuta Kanematsu
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
| | | | - Hayato Katsuno
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
| | - Manami Otsubo
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
| | - Anri Ueno
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
| | - Ikuto Sugita
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
| | - Aki Yoshida
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
| | | | | | | | | | - Hitomi Teramachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
- Laboratory of Community Health Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
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13
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Tachi T, Yoshida A, Kanematsu Y, Sugita I, Noguchi Y, Osawa T, Yasuda M, Mizui T, Goto C, Teramachi H. Factors influencing the use of over-the-counter drugs and health foods/supplements. Pharmazie 2019; 73:598-604. [PMID: 30223925 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2018.8617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2022]
Abstract
Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs and health foods/supplements are used as means of self-medication with the aim of preventing diseases and maintaining health. No reports have yet addressed the relationship between healthcare systems and self-medication. Here, we carried out a retrospective survey to identify healthcare system factors affecting OTC drug and health food/supplement usage. Patients hospitalized at Gifu Municipal Hospital between October 1, 2014 and March 31, 2015 were given a survey. The items surveyed were age, gender, disease, alcohol intake/smoking status, insurance classification, and medical pharmaceuticals, OTC drugs, and health foods/supplements used immediately before hospitalization. We performed multiple logistic regression analysis using OTC drugs and health foods/supplements as dependent variables with patient attributes, medical insurance, etc. as independent variables. A total of 5,965 patients were analyzed. OTC users comprised 2.6 % (156 people) of the total. The use of OTC drugs was significantly higher for females and alcohol consumers than in other categories. In contrast, the use of OTC drugs was significantly lower for participants in public expense/medical subsidy programs. Health foods/supplements were used by 4.0 % of all subjects (240 people); their use was significantly higher among females and users of medical pharmaceuticals. On the other hand, the use of health foods/supplements was significantly lower for smokers, users of the latter-stage elderly healthcare system, and users of public expense/medical subsidy programs.
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Osawa T, Inoue S, Umeda M, Hasegawa T, Makino T, Hori A, Tanaka K, Yasuda M, Mizui T, Sawa T, Sugiyama Y, Goto C. [Predictors of Nivolumab-Induced Skin Reactions]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2018; 45:1533-1535. [PMID: 30382069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Skin reactions to nivolumab are typical immune-related adverse events. We investigated the relation between patient background and test values before nivolumab administration and skin reactions. From February 2016 to February 2017, we evaluated the clinical outcomes of 21 patients who were administered nivolumab. Patients were divided into 2 groups: 3 cases of skin reactions to nivolumab(skin reaction group)and 18 cases without skin reactions to nivolumab(non-skin reaction group). In the skin reaction group, the numbers of eosinophils and basophils before nivolumab administration were significantly higher than those in the non-skin reaction group(p=0.0015 and p=0.0075, respectively). It was suggested that the numbers of eosinophils or basophils before nivolumab administration might be associated with the appearance of skin reactions.
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Tanaka K, Hori A, Tachi T, Osawa T, Nagaya K, Makino T, Inoue S, Yasuda M, Mizui T, Nakada T, Goto C, Teramachi H. Impact of pharmacist counseling on reducing instances of adverse events that can affect the quality of life of chemotherapy outpatients with breast Cancer. J Pharm Health Care Sci 2018; 4:9. [PMID: 29736254 PMCID: PMC5925838 DOI: 10.1186/s40780-018-0105-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, cancer chemotherapy is being conducted at outpatient clinics, wherein pharmacists are involved with patient guidance and management of adverse events as experts in medication therapy. Therefore, we clarified the influence of interventions by pharmacists during counseling of patients with cancer on patients’ quality of life. Methods To determine this influence, we conducted a survey to assess the quality of life of 39 patients with breast cancer who underwent their initial course of outpatient cancer chemotherapy at Gifu Municipal Hospital. A quality of life survey was conducted before the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd courses of treatment and was based on a method obtained from a survey paper entitled, “Quality of Life Questionnaire for Cancer Patients Treated with Anticancer Drugs.” Results Twenty patients were assigned to the intervention group, which received pharmacist counseling, and nineteen patients were assigned to the non-intervention group, which received no pharmacist counseling. Both groups were compared immediately before the 1st course and 2nd course. Regarding the subscale of social relationships, a significant difference was observed for malaise (p = 0.043), with the non-intervention group experiencing them to a greater degree than the intervention group. Regarding the change between immediately before the 1st course and the 3rd course, a significant difference was observed in the subscale of social relationships for nausea (p = 0.017), with the non-intervention group experiencing it to a greater degree than the intervention group. Conclusions The results suggest that receiving pharmacists’ guidance on adverse events and individually adjusted prescriptions tailored to address the occurrence of adverse events improved the treatment environment and enhanced the quality of life in the intervention group. These findings are beneficial in maintaining patients’ quality of life during cancer treatment. Trial registration No. UMIN000027171, Registration date: Apr 27, 2017. Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhide Tanaka
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan.,2Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Akiyo Hori
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tomoya Tachi
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan.,2Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Osawa
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | | | - Teppei Makino
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Seiji Inoue
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yasuda
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takashi Mizui
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takumi Nakada
- 3Department of Breast Surgery, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Chitoshi Goto
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hitomi Teramachi
- 2Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
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Tachi T, Saito K, Esaki H, Kanematsu Y, Yoshida A, Sugita I, Noguchi Y, Makino T, Umeda M, Yasuda M, Mizui T, Goto C, Teramachi H. Medical and economic factors influencing generic drug use in the Japanese public health system: Influencing factors in different populations. Int J Health Plann Manage 2018; 33:489-501. [DOI: 10.1002/hpm.2489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Tachi
- Laboratory of Clinical PharmacyGifu Pharmaceutical University Gifu Japan
- Department of PharmacyGifu Municipal Hospital Gifu Japan
| | - Kosuke Saito
- Laboratory of Clinical PharmacyGifu Pharmaceutical University Gifu Japan
| | - Hiroki Esaki
- Laboratory of Clinical PharmacyGifu Pharmaceutical University Gifu Japan
| | - Yuta Kanematsu
- Laboratory of Clinical PharmacyGifu Pharmaceutical University Gifu Japan
| | - Aki Yoshida
- Laboratory of Clinical PharmacyGifu Pharmaceutical University Gifu Japan
| | - Ikuto Sugita
- Laboratory of Clinical PharmacyGifu Pharmaceutical University Gifu Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Noguchi
- Laboratory of Clinical PharmacyGifu Pharmaceutical University Gifu Japan
| | - Teppei Makino
- Department of PharmacyGifu Municipal Hospital Gifu Japan
| | - Michi Umeda
- Department of PharmacyGifu Municipal Hospital Gifu Japan
| | | | - Takashi Mizui
- Department of PharmacyGifu Municipal Hospital Gifu Japan
| | - Chitoshi Goto
- Department of PharmacyGifu Municipal Hospital Gifu Japan
| | - Hitomi Teramachi
- Laboratory of Clinical PharmacyGifu Pharmaceutical University Gifu Japan
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Esaki H, Tachi T, Goto C, Sugita I, Kanematsu Y, Yoshida A, Saito K, Noguchi Y, Ohno Y, Aoyama S, Yasuda M, Mizui T, Yamamura M, Teramachi H. Renoprotective Effect of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:835. [PMID: 29187821 PMCID: PMC5694778 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is one of three major complications of diabetes mellitus, often leading to chronic renal failure requiring dialysis. Recently developed dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors may exhibit renoprotective effects in addition to antihyperglycemic effects. In this study, we retrospectively investigated temporal changes in the renal function index of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and examined the influence of DPP-4 inhibitors on renal function. Patients with type 2 DM (>18 years old) prescribed hypoglycemic agents at Gifu Municipal Hospital for ≥3 months between March 2010 and April 2014 were included in the study. Renal function was evaluated as estimated the decline in 12-month glomerular filtration rate from the baseline in patients receiving and not receiving DPP-4 inhibitors. Patient data from the DPP-4 inhibitor-treated (501 patients, 58.6%) and untreated (354, 41.4%) groups were analyzed using multiple logistic regression analysis, as well as Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis (616, 55.6% and 491, 44.4%, for DPP-4 inhibitors-treated and untreated groups). Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that DPP-4 inhibitors significantly lowered the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline [20% over 12 months; odds ratio (OR), 0.626; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.409–0.958; P = 0.031]. Similar results were obtained using Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis (hazard ratio [HR], 0.707; 95% CI, 0.572–0.874; P = 0.001). These findings suggest that DPP-4 inhibitors suppress the decrease of estimated glomerular filtration rate in patients with type 2 DM and show a renoprotective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Esaki
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan.,Department of Pharmacy, Ichinomiya Municipal Hospital, Ichinomiya, Japan
| | - Tomoya Tachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan.,Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Chitoshi Goto
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Ikuto Sugita
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yuta Kanematsu
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Aki Yoshida
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kosuke Saito
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Noguchi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yuki Ohno
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Satoshi Aoyama
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yasuda
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takashi Mizui
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masumi Yamamura
- Department of Pharmacy, Ichinomiya Municipal Hospital, Ichinomiya, Japan
| | - Hitomi Teramachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan.,Laboratory of Community Healthcare Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
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Tachi T, Teramachi H, Tanaka K, Asano S, Osawa T, Kawashima A, Hori A, Yasuda M, Mizui T, Nakada T, Noguchi Y, Tsuchiya T, Goto C. The impact of side effects from outpatient chemotherapy on presenteeism in breast cancer patients: a prospective analysis. Springerplus 2016; 5:327. [PMID: 27064454 PMCID: PMC4791447 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-1979-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In the field of occupational health services, productivity loss can be expressed by absenteeism (i.e., employees being absent from work and taking leave due to health problems) and presenteeism (i.e., a reduction in the ability to perform one’s tasks at work). Similar to absenteeism, it is important to assess presenteeism because it can severely reduce productivity. Despite numerous reports about the impact of disease and medical treatments on presenteeism, there is a lack of data regarding the influence of medication side effects. In this study, a prospective analysis was conducted via questionnaire survey to clarify the influence of the side effects of anticancer drugs on presenteeism in workers receiving outpatient chemotherapy for breast cancer. Between December 2012 and November 2013, the influence of side effects on the quality of life, absenteeism, and presenteeism was investigated via a questionnaire conducted before and after 1 course of chemotherapy in 19 currently employed breast cancer patients receiving outpatient chemotherapy for the first time at Gifu Municipal Hospital, Japan. The rate of absenteeism was 24.7 %, resulting in financial losses of 2002 yen/day (national statistical data) and 881 yen/day (our questionnaire data). The rate of presenteeism was 33.7 %, resulting in financial losses of 1354 yen/day (national statistical data) and 1263 yen/day (our questionnaire data). Furthermore, a significant positive correlation was observed between absenteeism and presenteeism (r = 0.687, p = 0.001), suggesting that the productivity losses associated with presenteeism due to the side effects of anticancer drugs in breast cancer patients are large and similar to that associated with absenteeism in these patients. Our results may be useful for improving the occupational health of workers receiving chemotherapy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Tachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4, Daigakunishi, Gifu-shi, Gifu, 501-1196 Japan ; Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, 7-1 Kashima-cho, Gifu-shi, Gifu, 500-8513 Japan
| | - Hitomi Teramachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4, Daigakunishi, Gifu-shi, Gifu, 501-1196 Japan
| | - Kazuhide Tanaka
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, 7-1 Kashima-cho, Gifu-shi, Gifu, 500-8513 Japan
| | - Shoko Asano
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4, Daigakunishi, Gifu-shi, Gifu, 501-1196 Japan
| | - Tomohiro Osawa
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, 7-1 Kashima-cho, Gifu-shi, Gifu, 500-8513 Japan
| | - Azusa Kawashima
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, 7-1 Kashima-cho, Gifu-shi, Gifu, 500-8513 Japan
| | - Akiyo Hori
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, 7-1 Kashima-cho, Gifu-shi, Gifu, 500-8513 Japan
| | - Masahiro Yasuda
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, 7-1 Kashima-cho, Gifu-shi, Gifu, 500-8513 Japan
| | - Takashi Mizui
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, 7-1 Kashima-cho, Gifu-shi, Gifu, 500-8513 Japan
| | - Takumi Nakada
- Department of Breast Surgery, Gifu Municipal Hospital, 7-1 Kashima-cho, Gifu-shi, Gifu, 500-8513 Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Noguchi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4, Daigakunishi, Gifu-shi, Gifu, 501-1196 Japan
| | - Teruo Tsuchiya
- Community Health Support and Research Center, 15 Takehana-cho Nishikimachi, Hashima-shi, Gifu, 501-6242 Japan
| | - Chitoshi Goto
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, 7-1 Kashima-cho, Gifu-shi, Gifu, 500-8513 Japan
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Tachi T, Teramachi H, Tanaka K, Asano S, Osawa T, Kawashima A, Yasuda M, Mizui T, Nakada T, Noguchi Y, Tsuchiya T, Goto C. The impact of outpatient chemotherapy-related adverse events on the quality of life of breast cancer patients. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124169. [PMID: 25915539 PMCID: PMC4410996 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of our study was to clarify the impact of adverse events associated with the initial course of outpatient chemotherapy on the quality of life of breast cancer patients. We conducted a survey to assess the quality of life in 48 breast cancer patients before and after receiving their first course of outpatient chemotherapy at Gifu Municipal Hospital. Patients completed the European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions and Quality of Life Questionnaire for Cancer Patients Treated with Anticancer Drugs before and after 1 course of outpatient chemotherapy. European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions utility value and Quality of Life Questionnaire for Cancer Patients Treated with Anticancer Drugs total score decreased significantly after chemotherapy (p<0.001 and p = 0.018, respectively). The mean scores for the activity, physical condition, and psychological condition subscales of the Quality of Life Questionnaire for Cancer Patients Treated with Anticancer Drugs decreased significantly after chemotherapy (p = 0.003, p<0.001, and p = 0.032, respectively), whereas the social relationships score increased significantly (p<0.001). Furthermore, in the evaluation of quality of life according to individual adverse events, the decrease in quality of life after chemotherapy in terms of the European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions utility value and the Quality of Life Questionnaire for Cancer Patients Treated with Anticancer Drugs total score was greater in anorexic patients than in non-anorexic patients (p = 0.009 and p<0.001, respectively). This suggests that anorexia greatly reduces quality of life. Our findings reveal that anticancer drug-related adverse events, particularly anorexia, reduce overall quality of life following the first course of outpatient chemotherapy in current breast cancer patients. These findings are extremely useful and important in understanding the impact of anticancer drug-related adverse events on quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Tachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hitomi Teramachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Kazuhide Tanaka
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Shoko Asano
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Osawa
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Azusa Kawashima
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yasuda
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takashi Mizui
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takumi Nakada
- Department of Breast Surgery, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Noguchi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Teruo Tsuchiya
- Community Health Support and Research Center, Gifu, Japan
| | - Chitoshi Goto
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
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Teramachi H, Takahashi T, Tachi T, Noguchi Y, Nagasawa H, Ino Y, Mizui T, Goto C, Tsuchiya T. Influence of angiotensin II receptor blocker combination tablet prescription on drug number and cost. SAGE Open Med 2014; 2:2050312114563318. [PMID: 26770757 PMCID: PMC4712752 DOI: 10.1177/2050312114563318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Combination therapy using an angiotensin II receptor blocker is expected to promote medication adherence and alleviate economic burden among patients by reducing the number of drugs taken, and thereby to lower associated medical costs. In the present retrospective study, we conducted a survey on the use of angiotensin II receptor blocker-containing combination tablets as anti-hypertensive drugs, in particular angiotensin II receptor blocker/diuretic and angiotensin II receptor blocker/calcium channel blocker combinations, in order to investigate the number of prescribed drugs and drug cost. METHODS We performed a retrospective study of patients who visited the outpatient clinic of GifuMunicipalHospital and received anti-hypertensive agents between June 2006 and December 2011. RESULTS No reductions in the number of prescribed drugs or drug cost were seen following a change in prescription to an angiotensin II receptor blocker/diuretic. Patients receiving an angiotensin II receptor blocker/calcium channel blocker had a significant reduction in the number of prescribed drugs and a slight decrease in drug cost. CONCLUSION In this study, a reduction in the number of prescribed drugs and a decrease in economic burden were not observed after prescription of angiotensin II receptor blocker-containing combination tablets. In order to assess the usefulness of angiotensin II receptor blocker combination tablets, further studies are necessary to investigate their hypotensive effects, safety profile, and other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Teramachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Takahashi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tomoya Tachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Noguchi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | | | - Yoko Ino
- Department of Pharmacy, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Japan
| | - Takashi Mizui
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Chitoshi Goto
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Teruo Tsuchiya
- Community Health Support and Research Center, Gifu, Japan
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Tachi T, Yokoi T, Goto C, Umeda M, Noguchi Y, Yasuda M, Minamitani M, Mizui T, Tsuchiya T, Teramachi H. Hyponatremia and hypokalemia as risk factors for falls. Eur J Clin Nutr 2014; 69:205-10. [PMID: 25226820 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Fall accidents may reduce an individual's quality of life and ability to perform the activities of daily life, and may delay recovery from illness. Consequently, medical institutions need to take measures to prevent falls. There are various risk factors for falls, including advanced age, illness and medication effects. Although hyponatremia and hypokalemia have been reported to increase the rate of falls, how they affect falls is not fully understood. SUBJECTS/METHODS We retrospectively examined 2948 patients, ⩾18 years old who had been hospitalized for ⩾3 days at Gifu (Japan) Municipal Hospital between May 2012 and April 2013 to determine the effects of hyponatremia and hypokalemia on the risk of falls. After the patients had been divided into fall and non-fall groups, their data were subjected to univariate and multiple regression analysis to identify significant differences. RESULTS The univariate analysis results revealed significant differences between the groups in terms of age (⩾65 years); the presence of hyponatremia, hypokalemia, central nervous system disease, cardiovascular disease and/or peripheral nerve/muscular disease; intake of medications that increase the risk of falls; and increased sedative dosage. The multivariate analysis results revealed significant differences between the groups in terms of the presence of hyponatremia (odds ratio (OR), 1.751; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.020-3.005), hypokalemia (OR, 2.209; 95% CI, 1.280-3.813), central nervous system disease (OR, 2.492; 95% CI, 1.629-3.814) and/or age ⩾65 years (OR, 2.180; 95% CI, 1.242-3.826). CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that the presence of hyponatremia or hypokalemia increases the risk of falls.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tachi
- 1] Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan [2] Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Yokoi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - C Goto
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - M Umeda
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Y Noguchi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - M Yasuda
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - M Minamitani
- Department of Nursing, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Mizui
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Tsuchiya
- Community Health Support and Research Center, Gifu, Japan
| | - H Teramachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
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Takahashi T, Teramachi H, Tachi T, Noguchi Y, Nagasawa H, Mizui T, Goto C, Tsuchiya T. [Effects of the combination of angiotensin receptor blockers and thiazide diuretics on laboratory values (levels of serum potassium, sodium, and uric acid)]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2014; 134:767-74. [PMID: 24882654 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.14-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The combination of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) and a thiazide diuretic (hereafter, ARB/diuretic) is expected to improve patient adherence and increase the therapeutic effects because of the lower number of pills that require to be administered. In addition, an ARB/diuretic combination alleviates hypokalemia that frequently develops in patients receiving thiazide diuretics. In this study, we used electronic medical records to investigate the laboratory values (serum levels of potassium, sodium, and uric acid) of 194 ambulatory and hospitalized patients at the Gifu Municipal Hospital who received ARB/diuretic combination therapy for the first time between February 2010 and September 2012. According to the grade of classification of low serum potassium and sodium levels, the serum potassium level in one patient was grade 3 and the serum sodium level in two patients was grade 3 after the initiation of ARB/diuretic combination therapy. After administration of ARB/diuretic combination therapy, two patients received potassium supplements because their serum potassium levels decreased below the reference value. Similarly, one patient received a sodium supplement because of a decrease in the sodium level below the reference value. Uric acid level increased above the reference value after administration of the ARB/diuretic combination therapy in one patient; thus, this patient received antihyperuricemic agents. Therefore, pharmacists must carefully monitor the serum levels of potassium, sodium, and uric acid, particularly in the first six months after the initiation of ARB/diuretic combination therapy.
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Tachi T, Teramachi H, Asano S, Tanaka K, Fukuta M, Osawa T, Aoyama S, Yasuda M, Mizui T, Goto C, Tsuchiya T. Impact of levofloxacin dose adjustments by dispensing pharmacists on adverse reactions and costs in the treatment of elderly patients. Pharmazie 2013; 68:977-982. [PMID: 24400446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Ensuring an appropriate dosage of renally eliminated drugs for patients with renal insufficiency is important for preventing adverse drug reactions. We investigated the effectiveness of interventions by pharmacists in a hospital pharmaceutical department. The comparative study was performed at Gifu Municipal Hospital in Japan from March to August 2011, and included an intervention (142 patients) and a control group (98 patients). Upon receiving a prescription of levofloxacin for patients aged > or = 75 years, pharmacists evaluated the patients' kidney function and adjusted the appropriate dosage at the time of dispensation. In the intervention and control groups, levofloxacin-induced adverse reactions developed in 6 of 142 (4.2%) and 13 of 98 (13.3%) patients, respectively (p < 0.05). The cost of reducing levofloxacin per patient was yen 191.1 and yen 0 in the intervention and control groups, respectively. The cost per patient for adverse reaction treatments and examinations was yen 15.5 and yen 290.0 in the intervention and control groups, respectively. The intergroup difference in the total cost per patient was yen 465.6. Dose adjustment of levofloxacin at the time of dispensation by the pharmacist for patients aged > or = 75 years resulted in a decrease in the incidence of adverse reactions and cost. These findings can be applied not only to hospitals, but also to community pharmacies, because the intervention, which is a manual system, is simply performed when pharmacists are dispensing drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan.
| | - H Teramachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - S Asano
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - K Tanaka
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - M Fukuta
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Osawa
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - S Aoyama
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - M Yasuda
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Mizui
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - C Goto
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Tsuchiya
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
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Tachi T, Kato M, Osawa T, Koda A, Fukuta M, Tanaka K, Aoyama S, Yasuda M, Mizui T, Goto C, Teramachi H. Economic evaluation of adjustments of levofloxacin dosage by dispensing pharmacists for patients with renal dysfunction. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2013; 133:1223-33. [PMID: 24189563 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.13-00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Since April 2011, a dosage adjustment program has been implemented at Gifu Municipal Hospital. In this program, upon receiving a prescription for renally eliminated drugs, pharmacists verify patients' serum creatinine concentrations by using a computerized medical record system to evaluate the patient's kidney function and suggest the appropriate dosage to doctors, if necessary. In our study, we used questionnaires that were administered to pharmacists and doctors at the hospital to investigate their respective working times and the cost of the program, in order to comprehensively analyze the clinical resource costs of the hospital and evaluate the economic burden of the program for levofloxacin. In addition, we studied the pharmacists' and doctors' attitudes toward the program and the circumstances of prescriptions for patients with renal dysfunction. The questionnaire comprised items such as time required for the program; attitude toward the program, including satisfaction; and attitude toward the circumstances of prescriptions for patients with renal dysfunction. The pharmacists' and doctors' working times and cost of the program were obtained from the questionnaire responses. For cost estimation, we used data from this study as well as those of our previous study that suggested that the levofloxacin program was economically beneficial. Furthermore, their attitudes toward the program and circumstances of prescriptions for patients with renal dysfunction were clarified. Regarding the pharmacists' tasks and interventions, we need to not only investigate attitudes toward them but also perform a cost analysis by the method of the economic evaluation of the medical techniques used in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Tachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
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Teramachi H, Ohta H, Tachi T, Toyoshima M, Mizui T, Goto C, Tsuchiya T. Pharmacoeconomic analysis of DPP-4 inhibitors. Pharmazie 2013; 68:909-915. [PMID: 24380242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors and other incretin-related drugs have attracted attention as antidiabetic agents, but they are expensive. The Japanese government has adopted a policy of reducing healthcare costs, and medical institutions must provide medical care while considering economic efficiency. This study was a comparative survey of the usage, treatment effectiveness, and cost of DPP-4 inhibitors. The subjects were patients prescribed DPP-4 inhibitors (sitagliptin, vildagliptin, and alogliptin) at Gifu Municipal Hospital between February 2010 and August 2011. HbA1c: Japan Diabetes Society values (%) and concomitant antidiabetic agents were surveyed for 12 weeks after the start of DPP-4 inhibitors. A cost-effectiveness analysis showed that the cost required for a 0.1% decrease in HbA1c for 12 weeks was the lowest with vildagliptin (2,478 yen; decrease in HbA1c: 0.75% +/- 0.85%). In a cost analysis with a virtual cohort of 1000 patients, the number of patients who achieved the treatment target (HbA1c 6.5%) was estimated with respect to a virtual cohort created based on the HbA1c level (7.59 +/- 1.13%) at baseline of 307 patients, in cases assuming the use of each DPP-4 inhibitor. In addition, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was obtained with sitagliptin 50 mg as the reference. The number of patients achieving the treatment target was the highest with vildagliptin 100 mg (413 of 1000 patients), and the estimated ICER of 28,359 yen was the lowest. Robustness was also confirmed with a sensitivity analysis. These results suggest that vildagliptin provides a superior cost-benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Teramachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan.
| | - H Ohta
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Tachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - M Toyoshima
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Mizui
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - C Goto
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Tsuchiya
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
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Mizui T, Teramachi H, Tachi T, Tamura K, Shiga H, Komada N, Umeda M, Koda A, Aoyama S, Goto C, Tsuchiya T. Risk factors for Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea and the effectiveness of prophylactic probiotic therapy. Pharmazie 2013; 68:706-710. [PMID: 24020129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Measures for prevention of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea, a common nosocomial infection, in hospital settings are urgently needed. This study was conducted to identify the risk factors contributing to C. difficile-associated diarrhea and to evaluate the clinical benefit of probiotics in its prevention. The study included 2716 patients at least 20 years old who received an injected antibiotic at any time between February 2010 and February 2011; a total of 2687 patients (98.9%) were assigned to the non-C. difficile-associated diarrhea group, and 29 patients (1.1%) were assigned to the C. difficile-associated diarrhea group. Univariate analysis revealed a significant difference between the two groups for the following factors: antibiotic therapy for > or = 8 days; enteral nutrition; intravenous hyperalimentation; fasting; proton pump inhibitor use; H2 blocker use; and serum albumin < or = 2.9g/dL (p<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a significant difference between the two groups for several factors. Antibiotic therapy for > or = 8 days, intravenous hyperalimentation, proton pump inhibitor use, and H2 blocker use were therefore shown to be risk factors for C. difficile-associated diarrhea. Prophylactic probiotic therapy was not shown to suppress the occurrence of C. difficile-associated diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mizui
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
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Suzuki Y, Hino M, Shirai K, Yoshida Y, Mizui T, Hanamura K, Shirao T, Nakano T. X-ray Irradiation Induces Acute Depolymerization of Axonal and Dendritic Microfilaments in Cultured Neuron. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.1276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hanamura K, Mizui T, Kakizaki T, Roppongi R, Yamazaki H, Yanagawa Y, Shirao T. Low accumulation of drebrin at glutamatergic postsynaptic sites on GABAergic neurons. Neuroscience 2010; 169:1489-500. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2010] [Revised: 06/08/2010] [Accepted: 06/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Kudo S, Noda S, Suzuki Y, Shirai K, Yoshida Y, Okamoto M, Al-Jahbari W, Mizui T, Shirao T, Takano T. Investigation about the Radiosensitivities of Neural and Glial Cells Derived from Identical Brain Tissues. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.06.691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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31
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Nakano T, Shirai K, Mizui T, Suzuki Y, Okamoto M, Yoshida Y, Al-Jahdari W, Hanamura K, Shirao T. Effect of X-Irradiation on Dendritic Spines Morphology of Hippocampal Neurons. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.07.1919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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32
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Okamoto M, Suzuki Y, Shirai K, Mizui T, Yoshida Y, Noda S, Wael A, Shirao T, Nakano T. Effect of Small Dose Irradiation on Immature Hippocampal Neurons In Vitro. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.07.1903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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33
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Suzuki Y, Shirai K, Mizui T, Hamada N, Noda S, Funayama T, Yoshida Y, Kobayashi Y, Shirao T, Nakano T. 2687. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2006.07.1102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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34
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Ishimaru JI, Ogi N, Mizui T, Miyamoto K, Shibata T, Kurita K. Effects of a single arthrocentesis and a COX-2 inhibitor on disorders of temporomandibular joints. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2003; 41:323-8. [PMID: 14581025 DOI: 10.1016/s0266-4356(03)00134-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to examine the short-term effect of combined treatment with single arthrocentesis and a COX-2 inhibitor on 26 patients with severe symptoms of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. The severity of the disorders was graded according to the degree of restriction of mouth opening and pain score on a visual analogue scale. Synovial fluid was collected from the superior joint space of the affected TMJ, and arthrocentesis was done with isotonic saline, 200ml. Subsequently, etodolac, 400mg/day, was given for 2 weeks. At 14 days, patients were re-examined and further specimens of synovial fluid were collected. Patients generally lost their symptoms and the severity of the disorders improved significantly (P<0.01). The concentrations of total protein and albumin in synovial fluid decreased with no statistical significance. However, the concentration of matrix metalloproteinase-3 and its ratios to total protein and albumin did decrease significantly (P<0.05). Our results suggest that a larger controlled study is necessary to clarify the contributory effect of arthrocentesis and etodolac for patients with severe symptoms of TMJ disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-I Ishimaru
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gifu Prefectural Gifu Hospital, Gifu, Japan.
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35
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Mizui T, Ishimaru J, Miyamoto K, Kurita K. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 in synovial lavage fluid of patients with disorders of the temporomandibular joint. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2001; 39:310-4. [PMID: 11437431 DOI: 10.1054/bjom.2001.0634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We examined the matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity in synovial lavage fluid of patients with disorders of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and explored the possible correlationship between MMP-2 activity and radiological changes. We studied 86 patients and 10 healthy volunteers. An arthrogram and a double contrast arthrotomogram were taken to evaluate intra-articular morphological changes. The patients were divided into three groups: no abnormality (n = 36), internal derangement (n = 39), and osteoarthritis (n = 11). Samples of synovial fluid were studied by gelatin zymography, and we sought a correlation between the band detected and radiological findings. ProMMP-2 was detected in all samples and active MMP-2 was detected in 9/36 with no abnormality, 14/39 with internal derangement and 5/11 with osteoarthritis. No active form of MMP-2 was detected in the control group. The incidence of active MMP-2 was high in the internal derangement group and highest in the osteoarthritis group, which suggests that active MMP-2 plays an important part in the development of conditions of the TMJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mizui
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gifu Prefectural Gifu Hospital, Noishiki, Gifu, Japan
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36
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Nakamura T, Ishimaru J, Mizui T, Kobayashi A, Toida M, Makita H, Iwata H, Shimokawa K. Osteosarcoma metastatic to the mandible: a case report. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2001; 91:452-4. [PMID: 11312462 DOI: 10.1067/moe.2001.113107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A case of osteosarcoma that metastasized to the mandibular ramus from the femur in a 36-year-old man is presented. The patient was referred to us for the diagnosis and treatment of swelling of the left cheek. Radiologic examination showed a radiolucent lesion containing radiopaque areas within the left mandibular ramus. The patient previously suffered from a femoral small cell osteosarcoma, which was resected 71 months before our first examination. After induction of general anesthesia, a unilateral mandibulectomy and a simultaneous reconstruction using a titanium plate and an artificial condyle were performed. The postoperative course was uneventful, with satisfactory facial appearance and jaw function. The histopathologic features of the mandibular tumor were identical to those of the femoral tumor. Thus the mandibular lesion was diagnosed as a metastatic small cell osteosarcoma. At 27 months after the operation there had been no recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nakamura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gifu Prefectural Gifu Hospital, Japan
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37
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Mizui T, Ishimaru JI, Miyamoto K, Toida M. Malignant transformation of a gigantic pleomorphic adenoma of the submandibular gland: a case report. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2000; 58:1422-4. [PMID: 11117694 DOI: 10.1053/joms.2000.18281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Mizui
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gifu Prefectural Gifu Hospital, Japan.
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Higaki J, Hara S, Takasu N, Tonda K, Miyata K, Shike T, Nagata K, Mizui T. Inhibition of ileal Na+/bile acid cotransporter by S-8921 reduces serum cholesterol and prevents atherosclerosis in rabbits. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1998; 18:1304-11. [PMID: 9714138 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.18.8.1304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The ileal Na+/bile acid cotransporter (IBAT) plays an important role in the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. We investigated the effects of IBAT inhibition on the maintenance of serum cholesterol level by using a novel IBAT inhibitor, S-8921, in rabbits. Administration of S-8921 by its incorporation into the diet (0.01% to 0.1%) for 1 to 2 weeks in heterozygous Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits decreased serum cholesterol by 29% to 37% and increased fecal excretion of measured bile acids by 60% to 180% compared with control rabbits. Liver microsomal cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase activities were increased by 75% to 84% and 84% to 89%, respectively, with S-8921 treatment. S-8921 administration (0.1% in the diet) to normal New Zealand White rabbits for 2 weeks resulted in increased hepatic low density lipoprotein receptor expression, which was assessed by Northern blot analysis. In cholesterol-fed New Zealand White rabbits, S-8921 treatment (0.003% to 0.1% in the diet) for 10 weeks dose-dependently inhibited the development of hypercholesterolemia. It also inhibited the accumulation of cholesterol in the aortic arch and reduced the severity of coronary atherosclerosis. These results indicate that IBAT inhibition by S-8921 affects serum cholesterol, liver enzymes, low density lipoprotein receptor activity, and atherosclerosis in the same manner as bile acid sequestrants. We suggest that an IBAT inhibitor such as S-8921 could be useful in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Higaki
- Discovery Research Laboratories II, Shionogi & Co, Ltd, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
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Ichihashi T, Izawa M, Miyata K, Mizui T, Hirano K, Takagishi Y. Mechanism of hypocholesterolemic action of S-8921 in rats: S-8921 inhibits ileal bile acid absorption. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1998; 284:43-50. [PMID: 9435159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of the hypocholesterolemic action of S-8921, methyl 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-ethylvaleryl)- 4-hydroxy-6,7,8-trimethoxy-2-naphthoate, was examined in rats. In diet-induced hypercholesterolemic rats, 2 weeks oral administration of S-8921 dose- and time-dependently decreased plasma cholesterol level in the daily dose range of 0.1 to 10 mg/kg. Results with the dual-isotope plasma ratio method indicated that S-8921 inhibits cholesterol absorption from the intestine and enhances its elimination from the body. The in situ loop method showed that S-8921 does not inhibit the absorption of cholesterol from rat jejunum, clearly inhibits active absorption of taurocholic acid (TCA) and glycocholic acid (GCA) from rat ileum and does not inhibit passive absorption of cholic acid (CA) from the rat jejunum. In rat ileal brush-border membrane vesicles, S-8921 inhibited the sodium-dependent uptake of TCA in a concentration-dependent manner with IC50 of 2.1 microM, not the Na(+)-dependent D-glucose and L-alanine uptake. These results suggest that S-8921 is a potent, selective inhibitor of the Na(+)-dependent bile acid transport system in the ileal mucosal cell brush-border membrane, and this inhibition is the mechanism by which this drug decreases intestinal bile acid reabsorption to result in a significant decrease of plasma cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ichihashi
- Formulation R & D Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
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40
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Abstract
We examined the effects of lysophosphatidylcholine (lyso-PC) on promoting cholesterol efflux from macrophage foam cells. Mouse peritoneal macrophages were converted to foam cells by incubation with [3H]cholesteryl linoleate-labeled or unlabeled acetyl-LDL. When these cells were incubated with lyso-PC, [3H]cholesterol release was promoted in relation to both dose and time, and cellular cholesterol mass was decreased, while medium cholesterol mass was increased. These cholesterol efflux-promotive effects of lyso-PC were confirmed by the fact that the lyso-PC-treated cells showed less oil red O staining than the control cells. ApoE secretion, estimated by Western blotting of the medium, was also augmented by lyso-PC. Both the cholesterol and apoE released by lyso-PC treatment were floated by ultracentrifugation of the medium after its density had been adjusted to 1.210 g/mL. By electron microscopic analysis, vesicular lipoproteins were observed in ultracentrifugally concentrated conditioned medium of lyso-PC. Monensin, a protein secretion inhibitor, effectively inhibited [3H]cholesterol release induced by lyso-PC but not by apoA-I. These results suggest that lyso-PC may inhibit the development of atherosclerosis or enhance its regression by stimulating cholesterol efflux from macrophage foam cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hara
- Discovery Research Laboratories II, Shionogi & Co, Ltd, Osaka, Japan.
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Ishimaru J, Mizui T, Shimizu K, Takada K. MMP and TIMP in synovial fluid of patients with temporomandibular joint disorders. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0901-5027(97)81154-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hara S, Higaki J, Higashino K, Iwai M, Takasu N, Miyata K, Tonda K, Nagata K, Goh Y, Mizui T. S-8921, an ileal Na+/bile acid cotransporter inhibitor decreases serum cholesterol in hamsters. Life Sci 1997; 60:PL 365-70. [PMID: 9188770 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(97)00242-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The ileal Na+/bile acid cotransporter (IBAT) maintains the reabsorption of bile acids from the intestine in the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. In the present study, we showed that S-8921 could dose-dependently inhibit the uptake of [3H] taurocholate in the COS7 cell line which constitutively expresses hamster IBAT. The IC50 value of S-8921 against 60 microM of [3H] taurocholate uptake was 66 +/- 8 microM and kinetic analysis revealed that the inhibition by 100 microM of S-8921 was a mixture of competitive and non-competitive types. In vivo administration of S-8921 by its incorporation into diet (0.001-0.1%) caused dose-dependent decrease of serum cholesterol concentrations accompanied by increased fecal excretion of bile acids in hamsters which were not loaded with cholesterol and bile acid. These data suggest that the inhibition of IBAT could decrease serum cholesterol in the non-cholesterol and -bile acid loaded normal condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hara
- Discovery Research Laboratories II, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan.
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Hori Y, Odaguchi K, Jyoyama H, Yasui K, Mizui T. Differential effect of benexate hydrochloride betadex on prostaglandin levels in stomach and inflammatory site in rats. Jpn J Pharmacol 1996; 72:183-90. [PMID: 8912919 DOI: 10.1254/jjp.72.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We compared the effects of an anti-ulcer agent, benexate hydrochloride betadex (BHB), on prostaglandin (PG) levels in gastric tissue and inflammatory exudate in untreated and indomethacin-treated rats. BHB (100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg, p.o.) showed dose-dependent inhibition of gastric mucosal lesions induced by indomethacin (30 mg/kg, p.o.). Sustained decrease of PGs (PGE2 and 6-keto-PGF(1alpha)) in the gastric wall was observed from 0.5 to 6 hr after indomethacin treatment. BHB (300 and 1000 mg/kg) dose-dependently led to recovery of the indomethacin-induced decrease of gastric PGs at 1 and 6 hr after dosing. It did not antagonize the indomethacin-induced decrease of PG levels in the pleural exudate of carrageenin pleurisy nor did it affect the anti-inflammatory effects of indomethacin. BHB (100 to 1000 mg/kg) alone increased gastric PGE2 by 61% to 113%, while it decreased PGE2 levels in the pleural exudate by 9% to 71% at 6 hr after dosing. These results suggest that sustained increase of gastric PGE2 by BHB could be responsible for protection against indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal lesions and that BHB is a suitable anti-ulcer agent for NSAIDs without compromising their anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hori
- Division of Pharmacology, Discovery Research Laboratories II, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
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Abstract
Oxygen free radicals have been implicated in the pathogenesis of brain injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion. We studied the role of endogenous reduced glutathione (GSH) in brain infarction associated with focal cerebral ischemia caused by permanent ligation of the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) and the right common carotid artery (CCA) plus temporary occlusion of the left CCA. GSH levels in the ischemic side of cortex decreased with time after ischemia and preceded cortical infarction estimated by the staining of mitochondrial respiratory enzymes with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride. GSH levels in the contralateral cortex were unchanged through the experimental periods. The extent of decrease of GSH levels and the severity of infarction in the ischemic cortex at 24 h after ischemia depended on the duration of occlusion of the left CCA. Depletion of brain GSH with buthionine sulfoximine, a selective inhibitor for gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, exacerbated cortical infarction and edema after ischemia. These results suggest that the endogenous brain GSH is an important determinant in the defense mechanisms against lesion formation after ischemia and support the possible role of oxygen radicals in the pathogenesis of ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mizui
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143
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Kinouchi H, Epstein CJ, Mizui T, Carlson E, Chen SF, Chan PH. Attenuation of focal cerebral ischemic injury in transgenic mice overexpressing CuZn superoxide dismutase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1991; 88:11158-62. [PMID: 1763030 PMCID: PMC53093 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.88.24.11158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 477] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen-derived free radicals have been implicated in the pathogenesis of vasogenic edema and infarction caused by ischemia and reperfusion injury. In earlier studies, exogenously supplied liposome-entrapped CuZn superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) ameliorated ischemic brain edema and infarction in rats following focal cerebral ischemia. To ascertain directly the role of SOD in the protection against superoxide radical-induced injury, we measured infarct size and water content 24 hr following focal cerebral ischemia in nontransgenic mice and in transgenic mice bearing the human SOD1 gene. These transgenic mice have 3.1-fold higher cellular CuZn-SOD activity in the brain than do their nontransgenic littermates. We also measured antioxidant levels (reduced glutathione and reduced ascorbate) of contralateral cortex, infarct cortex, surrounding cortex, and striatum. Infarct size and brain edema were significantly decreased in transgenic mice compared with nontransgenic mice. Reduced glutathione and reduced ascorbate levels decreased in the ischemic hemisphere, but levels in surrounding cortex and striatum were significantly higher in transgenic mice than in nontransgenic mice. These results indicate that increased endogenous SOD activity in brain reduces the level of ischemic damage and support the concept that superoxide radicals play an important role in the pathogenesis of infarction and edema following focal cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kinouchi
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco 94143
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Abstract
Lesion formation due to oral administration of absolute ethanol could be prevented by parenteral pretreatment with antiperoxidative drugs such as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), quercetin and quinacrine. Also effective were allopurinol and oxypurinol, inhibitors of xanthine oxidase, but not superoxide dismutase (SOD) and hydroxyl radical scavengers, such as sodium benzoate and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). BHT, quercetin, quinacrine and sulfhydryl compounds such as reduced glutathione and cysteamine which offer gastroprotection in vivo against ethanol inhibited lipid peroxidation induced in vitro by ferrous ion in porcine gastric mucosal homogenate, but SOD, sodium benzoate, DMSO, allopurinol and oxypurinol did not. These results suggest the possibility that an active species, probably derived from free iron mobilized by the xanthine oxidase system, other than oxygen radicals such as hydroxyl radicals, contributes to lipid peroxidation and lesion formation in the gastric mucosa after absolute ethanol administration.
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Mizui T, Shimono N, Doteuchi M. A possible mechanism of protection by polyamines against gastric damage induced by acidified ethanol in rats: polyamine protection may depend on its antiperoxidative properties. Jpn J Pharmacol 1987; 44:43-50. [PMID: 3041086 DOI: 10.1254/jjp.44.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The protective mechanism of polyamines against acidified ethanol-induced gastric damage was studied. Their oral administration prevented the formation of gastric mucosal lesions induced by 90% ethanol in 150 mM HCl in a dose-dependent manner, with the order of the protective potency being spermine greater than spermidine greater than putrescine. The acidified ethanol-induced lesions were accompanied by a concomitant increase in gastric mucosal lipid peroxide levels, but spermine in a protective dose could prevent the increment of lipid peroxides. Polyamines, in a concentration-dependent fashion, inhibited the reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium by superoxide anion radicals generated in vitro in the xanthine-xanthine oxidase system and the lipid peroxidation in vitro induced by ferrous ion in the porcine gastric mucosal homogenate. The order of the superoxide scavenging potency and the inhibitory potency of iron-induced lipid peroxidation by polyamines corresponded to the order to the protective potency against acidified ethanol-induced gastric lesions. The present results suggest that cytoprotection by polyamines may be responsible for their antiperoxidative activities.
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Abstract
Gastric mucosal lipid peroxide levels, based on the amounts of thiobarbituric acid reacting substances, increased soon after oral application of absolute ethanol. On the other hand, gastric mucosal nonprotein sulfhydryl levels slightly but significantly decreased. Administration of 20% ethanol, a mild irritant which can hardly produce gastric lesions, did not influence either level. Pretreatment with prostaglandin E2 or F2 alpha, in a dose that offered protection of the gastric mucosa, prevented the increase of mucosal lipid peroxides after absolute ethanol administration. These observations suggest that lipid peroxidation in the gastric mucosa may be closely related to production of the gastric damage by ethanol.
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Hirose F, Mizui T, Shimono N, Doteuchi M. Gastric antral ulcers induced by a combination of acid, indomethacin and ischemia in rats. Jpn J Pharmacol 1985; 38:223-6. [PMID: 4032859 DOI: 10.1254/jjp.38.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Gastric antral lesions were produced with hemorrhages by vascular ligation-induced ischemia in the prepyloric regions in rats. Additional treatments with intraluminal acid application and indomethacin markedly aggravated the lesions. Histological examination showed that the incidence of ulcers which penetrated the muscularis mucosae was nearly 100% upon treatment with a combination of acid, indomethacin and ischemia. This model provides a useful tool for studying gastric ulcer etiology.
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Abstract
The participation of polyamines and nonprotein sulfhydryls in the gastric cytoprotective mechanisms was studied using gastric mucosal lesions produced by acidified ethanol in rats as an experimental model. Treatment with prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), but not cimetidine, prevented the formation of gastric mucosal lesions. Oral administration of cadaverine, spermidine and spermine prevented the lesion formation by acidified ethanol in a dose-dependent manner. Indomethacin or acetazolamide had no influence on the cytoprotective effect of spermine, whereas sulfhydryl blockers such as iodoacetamide and N-ethylmaleimide partially blocked it. Sulfhydryl compounds such as cysteine, reduced glutathione (GSH), and cysteamine prevented the lesion formation induced by acidified ethanol. The concentration of nonprotein sulfhydryls in the gastric mucosa was significantly decreased at 1 hr after administration of acidified ethanol, and this decrease was partially prevented by spermine or PGE2. These results suggest that the cytoprotective effect of spermine may not be mediated by endogenous prostaglandins or alkaline secretion in the gastric mucosa, but may be partially related to endogenous sulfhydryl compounds.
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