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Kirino Y, Yamamoto S, Nomachi T, Mai TN, Sato Y, Sudaryatma PE, Norimine J, Fujii Y, Ando S, Okabayashi T. Serological and molecular survey of tick-borne zoonotic pathogens including severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in wild boars in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan. Vet Med Sci 2021; 8:877-885. [PMID: 34953052 PMCID: PMC8959263 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Miyazaki Prefecture is one of the hotspots of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) cases and related deaths in Japan since 2013 and other pathogens of tick‐borne diseases (TBDs). Japanese spotted fever and scrub typhus are also endemic in this region. Objectives A total of 105 wild boars, hunted in 2009, were serologically examined as sentinels for TBDs to indirectly demonstrate the potential hazard of ticks transmitting pathogens to humans in the studied area. Methods The collected blood and spleens of the wild boars underwent serological and molecular tests for SFTSV, Rickettsia japonica (Rj) [antibody to spotted fever group rickettsiae (SFGR) were tested by using species‐common antigen], and Orientia tsutsugamushi (Ot). Results Seroprevalences of SFTSV, SFGR, and Ot were 41.9%, 29.5%, and 33.3%, respectively. SFTS viral RNA was identified in 7.6% of the sera, whereas DNA of Rj or Ot was not detected in any sample. In total, 43.8% of the boars possessed an infection history with SFTSV (viral gene and/or antibody). Of these, 23.8% had multiple‐infection history with SFGR and/or Ot. Conclusions The high prevalence of SFTSV in wild boars might reflect the high risk of exposure to the virus in the studied areas. In addition, SFTSV infection was significantly correlated with Ot infection, and so were SFGR infection and Ot infection, indicating that these pathogens have common factors for infection or transmission. These data caution of the higher risk of SFTSV infection in areas with reported cases of other TBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Kirino
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.,Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Seigo Yamamoto
- Department of Microbiology, Miyazaki Prefectural Institute for Public Health and Environment, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Taro Nomachi
- Department of Microbiology, Miyazaki Prefectural Institute for Public Health and Environment, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Thi Ngan Mai
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yukiko Sato
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Putu Eka Sudaryatma
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Junzo Norimine
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.,Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujii
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.,Faculty of Education, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Shuji Ando
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tamaki Okabayashi
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.,Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
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Kirino Y, Ishijima K, Miura M, Nomachi T, Mazimpaka E, Sudaryatma PE, Yamanaka A, Maeda K, Sugimoto T, Saito A, Mekata H, Okabayashi T. Seroprevalence of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus in Small-Animal Veterinarians and Nurses in the Japanese Prefecture with the Highest Case Load. Viruses 2021; 13:v13020229. [PMID: 33540629 PMCID: PMC7912989 DOI: 10.3390/v13020229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is the causative agent of SFTS, an emerging tick-borne disease in East Asia, and is maintained in enzootic cycles involving ticks and a range of wild animal hosts. Direct transmission of SFTSV from cats and dogs to humans has been identified in Japan, suggesting that veterinarians and veterinary nurses involved in small-animal practice are at occupational risk of SFTSV infection. To characterize this risk, we performed a sero-epidemiological survey in small-animal-practice workers and healthy blood donors in Miyazaki prefecture, which is the prefecture with the highest per capita number of recorded cases of SFTS in Japan. Three small-animal-practice workers were identified as seropositive by ELISA, but one had a negative neutralization-test result and so was finally determined to be seronegative, giving a seropositive rate of 2.2% (2 of 90), which was significantly higher than that in healthy blood donors (0%, 0 of 1000; p < 0.05). The seroprevalence identified here in small-animal-practice workers was slightly higher than that previously reported in other high-risk workers engaged in agriculture and forestry in Japan. Thus, enhancement of small-animal-practice workers’ awareness of biosafety at animal hospitals is necessary for control of SFTSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Kirino
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; (Y.K.); (A.S.); (H.M.)
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Keita Ishijima
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (K.M.)
| | - Miho Miura
- Department of Microbiology, Miyazaki Prefectural Institute for Public Health and Environment, Miyazaki 889-2155, Japan; (M.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Taro Nomachi
- Miyazaki Prefectural Miyakonojo Inspection Center, Miyazaki 885-0021, Japan;
| | - Eugene Mazimpaka
- Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; (E.M.); (P.E.S.)
| | - Putu Eka Sudaryatma
- Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; (E.M.); (P.E.S.)
| | - Atsushi Yamanaka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Miyazaki Prefectural Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki 880-8510, Japan;
| | - Ken Maeda
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; (K.I.); (K.M.)
| | - Takayuki Sugimoto
- Department of Microbiology, Miyazaki Prefectural Institute for Public Health and Environment, Miyazaki 889-2155, Japan; (M.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Akatsuki Saito
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; (Y.K.); (A.S.); (H.M.)
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; (E.M.); (P.E.S.)
| | - Hirohisa Mekata
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; (Y.K.); (A.S.); (H.M.)
| | - Tamaki Okabayashi
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; (Y.K.); (A.S.); (H.M.)
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; (E.M.); (P.E.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +81-985-58-7575
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Yoshikawa T, Shimojima M, Fukushi S, Tani H, Fukuma A, Taniguchi S, Singh H, Suda Y, Shirabe K, Toda S, Shimazu Y, Nomachi T, Gokuden M, Morimitsu T, Ando K, Yoshikawa A, Kan M, Uramoto M, Osako H, Kida K, Takimoto H, Kitamoto H, Terasoma F, Honda A, Maeda K, Takahashi T, Yamagishi T, Oishi K, Morikawa S, Saijo M. Phylogenetic and Geographic Relationships of Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus in China, South Korea, and Japan. J Infect Dis 2015; 212:889-98. [PMID: 25762790 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiv144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a tick-borne acute infectious disease caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV). SFTS has been reported in China, South Korea, and Japan as a novel Bunyavirus. Although several molecular epidemiology and phylogenetic studies have been performed, the information obtained was limited, because the analyses included no or only a small number of SFTSV strains from Japan. METHODS The nucleotide sequences of 75 SFTSV samples in Japan were newly determined directly from the patients' serum samples. In addition, the sequences of 7 strains isolated in vitro were determined and compared with those in the patients' serum samples. More than 90 strains that were identified in China, 1 strain in South Korea, and 50 strains in Japan were phylogenetically analyzed. RESULTS The viruses were clustered into 2 clades, which were consistent with the geographic distribution. Three strains identified in Japan were clustered in the Chinese clade, and 4 strains identified in China and 26 in South Korea were clustered in the Japanese clade. CONCLUSIONS Two clades of SFTSV may have evolved separately over time. On rare occasions, the viruses were transmitted overseas to the region in which viruses of the other clade were prevalent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Yoshikawa
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Masayuki Shimojima
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Shuetsu Fukushi
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Hideki Tani
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Aiko Fukuma
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Satoshi Taniguchi
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Harpal Singh
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Yuto Suda
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Komei Shirabe
- Yamaguchi Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environment
| | - Shoichi Toda
- Yamaguchi Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environment
| | - Yukie Shimazu
- Hiroshima Prefectural Technology Research Institute, Public Health and Environment Center
| | - Taro Nomachi
- Miyazaki Prefectural Institute for Public Health and Environment
| | - Mutsuyo Gokuden
- Kagoshima Prefectural Institute for Environmental Research and Public Health
| | | | - Katsuyuki Ando
- Saga Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Pharmaceutical Research
| | - Akira Yoshikawa
- Nagasaki Prefectural Institute for Environmental Research and Public Health, Omura-shi
| | - Miki Kan
- Ehime Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science, Matsuyama-shi
| | - Marina Uramoto
- Tokushima Prefectural Public Health, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences Centre
| | - Hideo Osako
- Kumamoto Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science, Uto-shi
| | - Kouji Kida
- Okayama Prefectural Institute for Public Health and Environmental Science
| | - Hirokazu Takimoto
- Shimane Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science, Matsue-shi
| | - Hiroaki Kitamoto
- Public Health Science Research Center, Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Consumer Sciences, Hyogo-ku Kobe-shi
| | - Fumio Terasoma
- Wakayama Prefectural Research Center of Environment and Public Health
| | - Akiko Honda
- Oita Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment
| | - Ken Maeda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University
| | - Toru Takahashi
- Department of Hematology, Yamaguchi Grand Medical Center, Hofu-shi
| | - Takuya Yamagishi
- Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Kazunori Oishi
- Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Shigeru Morikawa
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Saijo
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
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Abstract
Three different symptoms in 4 patients with congenital lacrimal sac fistulas are presented. The first symptom was epiphora since birth, the second symptom was infection of the lower eyelid, and the third symptom was tearing from the eye in a 76-year-old patient. This patient had nasolacrimal obstruction at the canal level and no symptoms of congenital lacrimal sac fistula. She had undergone excision, including dacryocystorhinostomy. Three of the 4 patients underwent excision of the fistulous tract. The fistula originated from the lacrimal sac in all patients. Symptomatic congenital lacrimal sac fistulas can be treated successfully with excision alone or with excision and dacryocystorhinostomy in cases of nasolacrimal obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Toda
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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