1
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Merivaara A, Puranen J, Sadeghi A, Zashikhina N, Pirskanen L, Lajunen T, Terasaki T, Auriola S, Vellonen KS, Urtti A. Barcode lipids for absolute quantitation of liposomes in ocular tissues. J Control Release 2024; 370:1-13. [PMID: 38615893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Lipid-based drug formulations are promising systems for improving delivery of drugs to ocular tissues, such as retina. To develop lipid-based systems further, an improved understanding of their pharmacokinetics is required, but high-quality in vivo experiments require a large number of animals, raising ethical and economic questions. In order to expedite in vivo kinetic testing of lipid-based systems, we propose a barcode approach that is based on barcoding liposomes with non-endogenous lipids. We developed and evaluated a liquid-chromatography-mass spectrometry method to quantify many liposomes simultaneously in aqueous humor, vitreous, and neural retina at higher than ±20% precision and accuracy. Furthermore, we showed in vivo suitability of the method in pharmacokinetic evaluation of six different liposomes after their simultaneous injection into the rat vitreal cavity. We calculated pharmacokinetic parameters in vitreous and aqueous humor, quantified liposome concentrations in the retina, and quantitated retinal distribution of the liposomes in the rats. Compared to individual injections of the liposome formulations, the barcode-based study design enabled reduction of animal numbers from 72 to 12. We believe that the proposed approach is reliable and will reduce and refine ocular pharmacokinetic experiments with liposomes and other lipid-based systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arto Merivaara
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio 70210, Finland.
| | - Jooseppi Puranen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio 70210, Finland
| | - Amir Sadeghi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio 70210, Finland
| | - Natalia Zashikhina
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio 70210, Finland
| | - Lea Pirskanen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio 70210, Finland
| | - Tatu Lajunen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio 70210, Finland; Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Tetsuya Terasaki
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio 70210, Finland
| | - Seppo Auriola
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio 70210, Finland.
| | - Kati-Sisko Vellonen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio 70210, Finland
| | - Arto Urtti
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, Kuopio 70210, Finland; Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
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2
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Gangurde P, Mahmoudzadeh M, Gounani Z, Koivuniemi A, Laurén P, Lajunen T, Laaksonen T. Development of Robust Cationic Light-Activated Thermosensitive Liposomes: Choosing the Right Lipids. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5728-5738. [PMID: 37874965 PMCID: PMC10630945 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Extensive research has been conducted on cationic light-activated thermosensitive liposomes (CLTSLs) as a means for site-specific and controlled drug release; however, less attention has been given to the stability of these nanoparticles. Selecting the appropriate lipids is crucial for the development of a stable and responsive system. In this study, we investigated the impact of various lipids on the physical properties of cationic light-activated liposomes. Incorporating poly(ethylene glycol) PEG molecules resulted in uniform liposomes with low polydispersity index, while the addition of unsaturated lipid (DOTAP) resulted in extremely leaky liposomes, with almost 80% release in just 10 min of incubation at body temperature. Conversely, the inclusion of cholesterol in the formulation increased liposome stability too much and decreased their sensitivity to stimuli-responsive release, with only 14% release after 2 min of light exposure. To achieve stable and functional CLTSL, we substituted an equivalent amount of unsaturated lipid with a saturated lipid (DPTAP), resulting in stable liposomes at body temperature that were highly responsive to light, releasing 90% of their content in 10 s of light exposure. We also conducted two atomistic molecular dynamics simulations using lipid compositions with saturated and unsaturated lipids to investigate the effect of lipid composition on the dynamical properties of the liposomal lipid bilayer. Our findings suggest that the nature of lipids used to prepare liposomes significantly affects their properties, especially when the drug loading needs to be stable but triggered drug release properties are required at the same time. Selecting the appropriate lipids in the right amount is therefore essential for the preparation of liposomes with desirable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Gangurde
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mohammad Mahmoudzadeh
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Zahra Gounani
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Artturi Koivuniemi
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Patrick Laurén
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tatu Lajunen
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo Laaksonen
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty
of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere
University, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
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3
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Jäntti J, Viitaja T, Sevón J, Lajunen T, Raitanen JE, Schlegel C, Viljanen M, Paananen RO, Moilanen J, Ruponen M, Ekholm FS. Early-Stage Development of an Anti-Evaporative Liposomal Formulation for the Potential Treatment of Dry Eyes. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:1518-1530. [PMID: 37854619 PMCID: PMC10580384 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED), the most common ocular disorder, reduces the quality of life for hundreds of millions of people annually. In healthy eyes, the tear film lipid layer (TFLL) stabilizes the tear film and moderates the evaporation rate of tear fluid. In >80% of DED cases, these central features are compromised leading to tear film instability and excessive evaporation of tear fluid. Herein we assess the potential of liposomal formulations featuring phosphatidylcholines and tailored lipid species from the wax ester and O-acyl-ω-hydroxy fatty acid categories in targeting this defect. The developed lead formulation displays good evaporation-resistant properties and respreadability over compression-expansion cycles in our Langmuir model system and a promising safety and efficacy profile in vitro. Preclinical in vivo studies will in the future be required to further assess and validate the potential of this concept in the treatment of DED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janika Jäntti
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tuomo Viitaja
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Julia Sevón
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tatu Lajunen
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jan-Erik Raitanen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Cordula Schlegel
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mira Viljanen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riku O. Paananen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marika Ruponen
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Filip. S. Ekholm
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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4
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Ramsay E, Lajunen T, Bhattacharya M, Reinisalo M, Rilla K, Kidron H, Terasaki T, Urtti A. Selective drug delivery to the retinal cells: Biological barriers and avenues. J Control Release 2023; 361:1-19. [PMID: 37481214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Retinal drug delivery is a challenging, but important task, because most retinal diseases are still without any proper therapy. Drug delivery to the retina is hampered by the anatomical and physiological barriers resulting in minimal bioavailability after topical ocular and systemic administrations. Intravitreal injections are current method-of-choice in retinal delivery, but these injections show short duration of action for small molecules and low target bioavailability for many protein, gene based drugs and nanomedicines. State-of-art delivery systems are based on prolonged retention, controlled drug release and physical features (e.g. size and charge). However, drug delivery to the retina is not cell-specific and these approaches do not facilitate intracellular delivery of modern biological drugs (e.g. intracellular proteins, RNA based medicines, gene editing). In this focused review we highlight biological factors and mechanisms that form the basis for the selective retinal drug delivery systems in the future. Therefore, we are presenting current knowledge related to retinal membrane transporters, receptors and targeting ligands in relation to nanomedicines, conjugates, extracellular vesicles, and melanin binding. These issues are discussed in the light of retinal structure and cell types as well as future prospects in the field. Unlike in some other fields of targeted drug delivery (e.g. cancer research), selective delivery technologies have been rarely studied, even though cell targeted delivery may be even more feasible after local administration into the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Ramsay
- Drug Research Programme, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tatu Lajunen
- Drug Research Programme, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland; School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Madhushree Bhattacharya
- Drug Research Programme, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Reinisalo
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kirsi Rilla
- School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heidi Kidron
- Drug Research Programme, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tetsuya Terasaki
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Arto Urtti
- Drug Research Programme, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland; School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
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5
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Sadeghi A, Ruponen M, Puranen J, Cao S, Ridolfo R, Tavakoli S, Toropainen E, Lajunen T, Ranta VP, van Hest J, Urtti A. Imaging, quantitation and kinetic modelling of intravitreal nanomaterials. Int J Pharm 2022; 621:121800. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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6
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Tavakoli S, Puranen J, Bahrpeyma S, Lautala VE, Karumo S, Lajunen T, del Amo EM, Ruponen M, Urtti A. Liposomal sunitinib for ocular drug delivery: a potential treatment for choroidal neovascularization. Int J Pharm 2022; 620:121725. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Tavakoli S, Kari OK, Turunen T, Lajunen T, Schmitt M, Lehtinen J, Tasaka F, Parkkila P, Ndika J, Viitala T, Alenius H, Urtti A, Subrizi A. Diffusion and Protein Corona Formation of Lipid-Based Nanoparticles in the Vitreous Humor: Profiling and Pharmacokinetic Considerations. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:699-713. [PMID: 32584047 PMCID: PMC7856631 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The vitreous humor is the first barrier encountered by intravitreally injected nanoparticles. Lipid-based nanoparticles in the vitreous are studied by evaluating their diffusion with single-particle tracking technology and by characterizing their protein coronae with surface plasmon resonance and high-resolution proteomics. Single-particle tracking results indicate that the vitreal mobility of the formulations is dependent on their charge. Anionic and neutral formulations are mobile, whereas larger (>200 nm) neutral particles have restricted diffusion, and cationic particles are immobilized in the vitreous. PEGylation increases the mobility of cationic and larger neutral formulations but does not affect anionic and smaller neutral particles. Convection has a significant role in the pharmacokinetics of nanoparticles, whereas diffusion drives the transport of antibodies. Surface plasmon resonance studies determine that the vitreal corona of anionic formulations is sparse. Proteomics data reveals 76 differentially abundant proteins, whose enrichment is specific to either the hard or the soft corona. PEGylation does not affect protein enrichment. This suggests that protein-specific rather than formulation-specific factors are drivers of protein adsorption on nanoparticles in the vitreous. In summary, our findings contribute to understanding the pharmacokinetics of nanoparticles in the vitreous and help advance the development of nanoparticle-based treatments for eye diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Tavakoli
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Otto Kalevi Kari
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Turunen
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tatu Lajunen
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mechthild Schmitt
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Julia Lehtinen
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Fumitaka Tasaka
- Pharmaceutics
& Pharmacology Department, Global R&D, Santen Pharmaceutical
Co., Ltd., 8916-16 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0101, Japan
| | - Petteri Parkkila
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joseph Ndika
- Human
Microbiome Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 21, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tapani Viitala
- Division
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harri Alenius
- Human
Microbiome Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 21, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Institute
of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arto Urtti
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute
of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Petergof, Universitetskii pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
- School
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Astrid Subrizi
- School
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
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8
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Tavakoli S, Peynshaert K, Lajunen T, Devoldere J, Del Amo EM, Ruponen M, De Smedt SC, Remaut K, Urtti A. Ocular barriers to retinal delivery of intravitreal liposomes: Impact of vitreoretinal interface. J Control Release 2020; 328:952-961. [PMID: 33091527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Drug delivery to the posterior segment of the eye is challenging due to several anatomical and physiological barriers. Thus, there is a need for prolonged action and targeted drug delivery to treat retinal diseases. Intravitreal injections avoid anterior eye barriers, but the vitreoretinal interface and inner limiting membrane (ILM) may prevent access of drug delivery systems to the retina. Existing data on retinal permeation of intravitreal nanoparticles are sparse and probably misleading due to the inter-species differences of retinal structures in rodents and humans. To bridge this gap, retinal permeation of light-activated liposomes was studied in an ex vivo bovine explant system that simulates the structure of vitreoretinal interface and intact ILM. Our findings indicate that the particle size plays a significant role in determining the retinal penetration as the liposomes of >100 nm sized failed to overcome the ILM and could not permeate into the retina. In addition, our results demonstrate the impact of surface charge and PEG-coating on retinal penetration. Small (≈ 50 nm) anionic liposomes with PEG coating showed the most extensive distribution and cellular localization in the retina. In summary, this study extends understanding of ocular barriers, and provides valuable information to augment design of retinal drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Tavakoli
- Drug Research Programme, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Karen Peynshaert
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tatu Lajunen
- Drug Research Programme, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, 1432-1 Hachioji, 192-0392 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Joke Devoldere
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eva M Del Amo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marika Ruponen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Stefaan C De Smedt
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katrien Remaut
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Arto Urtti
- Drug Research Programme, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Institute of Chemistry, St Petersburg State University, Petergoff, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
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9
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Kari OK, Tavakoli S, Parkkila P, Baan S, Savolainen R, Ruoslahti T, Johansson NG, Ndika J, Alenius H, Viitala T, Urtti A, Lajunen T. Light-Activated Liposomes Coated with Hyaluronic Acid as a Potential Drug Delivery System. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E763. [PMID: 32806740 PMCID: PMC7465487 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12080763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Light-activated liposomes permit site and time-specific drug delivery to ocular and systemic targets. We combined a light activation technology based on indocyanine green with a hyaluronic acid (HA) coating by synthesizing HA-lipid conjugates. HA is an endogenous vitreal polysaccharide and a potential targeting moiety to cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44)-expressing cells. Light-activated drug release from 100 nm HA-coated liposomes was functional in buffer, plasma, and vitreous samples. The HA-coating improved stability in plasma compared to polyethylene glycol (PEG)-coated liposomes. Liposomal protein coronas on HA- and PEG-coated liposomes after dynamic exposure to undiluted human plasma and porcine vitreous samples were hydrophilic and negatively charged, thicker in plasma (~5 nm hard, ~10 nm soft coronas) than in vitreous (~2 nm hard, ~3 nm soft coronas) samples. Their compositions were dependent on liposome formulation and surface charge in plasma but not in vitreous samples. Compared to the PEG coating, the HA-coated liposomes bound more proteins in vitreous samples and enriched proteins related to collagen interactions, possibly explaining their slightly reduced vitreal mobility. The properties of the most abundant proteins did not correlate with liposome size or charge, but included proteins with surfactant and immune system functions in plasma and vitreous samples. The HA-coated light-activated liposomes are a functional and promising alternative for intravenous and ocular drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otto K. Kari
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland; (O.K.K.); (S.T.); (P.P.); (S.B.); (R.S.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (A.U.)
| | - Shirin Tavakoli
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland; (O.K.K.); (S.T.); (P.P.); (S.B.); (R.S.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (A.U.)
| | - Petteri Parkkila
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland; (O.K.K.); (S.T.); (P.P.); (S.B.); (R.S.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (A.U.)
| | - Simone Baan
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland; (O.K.K.); (S.T.); (P.P.); (S.B.); (R.S.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (A.U.)
- Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roosa Savolainen
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland; (O.K.K.); (S.T.); (P.P.); (S.B.); (R.S.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (A.U.)
| | - Teemu Ruoslahti
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland; (O.K.K.); (S.T.); (P.P.); (S.B.); (R.S.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (A.U.)
| | - Niklas G. Johansson
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Joseph Ndika
- Human Microbiome Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland; (J.N.); (H.A.)
| | - Harri Alenius
- Human Microbiome Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland; (J.N.); (H.A.)
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tapani Viitala
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland; (O.K.K.); (S.T.); (P.P.); (S.B.); (R.S.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (A.U.)
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Arto Urtti
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland; (O.K.K.); (S.T.); (P.P.); (S.B.); (R.S.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (A.U.)
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Petergof, Universitetskii pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatu Lajunen
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland; (O.K.K.); (S.T.); (P.P.); (S.B.); (R.S.); (T.R.); (T.V.); (A.U.)
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, 1432-1 Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
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10
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Shakirova JR, Sadeghi A, Koblova AA, Chelushkin PS, Toropainen E, Tavakoli S, Kontturi LS, Lajunen T, Tunik SP, Urtti A. Design and synthesis of lipid-mimetic cationic iridium complexes and their liposomal formulation for in vitro and in vivo application in luminescent bioimaging. RSC Adv 2020; 10:14431-14440. [PMID: 35498460 PMCID: PMC9051922 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01114b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Two iridium [Ir(N^C)2(N^N)]+ complexes with the diimine N^N ligand containing a long polymethylene hydrophobic chain were synthesized and characterized by using NMR and ESI mass-spectrometry: N^N – 2-(1-hexadecyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)pyridine, N^C – methyl-2-phenylquinoline-4-carboxylate (Ir1) and 2-phenylquinoline-4-carboxylic acid (Ir2). These complexes were used to prepare the luminescent PEGylated DPPC liposomes (DPPC/DSPE-PEG2000/Ir-complex = 95/4.5/1 mol%) using a thin film hydration method. The narrowly dispersed liposomes had diameters of about 110 nm. The photophysics of the complexes and labeled liposomes were carefully studied. Ir1 and Ir2 give red emission (λem = 667 and 605 nm) with a lifetime in the microsecond domain and quantum yields of 4.8% and 10.0% in degassed solution. Incorporation of the complexes into the liposome lipid bilayer results in shielding of the emitters from interaction with molecular oxygen and partial suppression of excited state nonradiative relaxation due to the effect of the relatively rigid bilayer matrix. Delivery of labeled liposomes to the cultured ARPE-19 cells demonstrated the usefulness of Ir1 and Ir2 in cellular imaging. Labeled liposomes were then injected intravitreally into rat eyes and imaged successfully with optical coherence tomography and funduscopy. In conclusion, iridium complexes enabled the successful labeling and imaging of liposomes in cells and animals. Novel lipoidal Ir(iii) phosphorescent labels were embedded into liposomes and used for imaging in cells and animals.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia R Shakirova
- St. Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry Universitetskii pr., 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Amir Sadeghi
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland Yliopistonranta 1C 70211 Kuopio Finland
| | - Alla A Koblova
- St. Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry Universitetskii pr., 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Pavel S Chelushkin
- St. Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry Universitetskii pr., 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Elisa Toropainen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland Yliopistonranta 1C 70211 Kuopio Finland
| | - Shirin Tavakoli
- Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki Viikinkaari 5 E 00710 Helsinki Finland
| | - Leena-Stiina Kontturi
- Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki Viikinkaari 5 E 00710 Helsinki Finland
| | - Tatu Lajunen
- Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki Viikinkaari 5 E 00710 Helsinki Finland.,Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences 1432-1 Hachioji 192-0392 Tokyo Japan
| | - Sergey P Tunik
- St. Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry Universitetskii pr., 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Arto Urtti
- St. Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry Universitetskii pr., 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia .,School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland Yliopistonranta 1C 70211 Kuopio Finland .,Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki Viikinkaari 5 E 00710 Helsinki Finland
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11
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Kari OK, Ndika J, Parkkila P, Louna A, Lajunen T, Puustinen A, Viitala T, Alenius H, Urtti A. In situ analysis of liposome hard and soft protein corona structure and composition in a single label-free workflow. Nanoscale 2020; 12:1728-1741. [PMID: 31894806 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr08186k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Methodological constraints have limited our ability to study protein corona formation, slowing nanomedicine development and their successful translation into the clinic. We determined hard and soft corona structural properties along with the corresponding proteomic compositions on liposomes in a label-free workflow: surface plasmon resonance and a custom biosensor for in situ structure determination on liposomes and corona separation, and proteomics using sensitive nanoliquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry with open-source bioinformatics platforms. Undiluted human plasma under dynamic flow conditions was used for in vivo relevance. Proof-of-concept is presented with a regular liposome formulation and two light-triggered indocyanine green (ICG) liposome formulations in preclinical development. We observed formulation-dependent differences in corona structure (thickness, protein-to-lipid ratio, and surface mass density) and protein enrichment. Liposomal lipids induced the enrichment of stealth-mediating apolipoproteins in the hard coronas regardless of pegylation, and their preferential enrichment in the soft corona of the pegylated liposome formulation with ICG was observed. This suggests that the soft corona of loosely interacting proteins contributes to the stealth properties as a component of the biological identity modulated by nanomaterial surface properties. The workflow addresses significant methodological gaps in biocorona research by providing truly complementary hard and soft corona compositions with corresponding in situ structural parameters for the first time. It has been designed into a convenient and easily reproducible single-experiment format suited for preclinical development of lipid nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otto K Kari
- Drug Delivery, Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland.
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12
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Lajunen T, Nurmi R, Wilbie D, Ruoslahti T, Johansson NG, Korhonen O, Rog T, Bunker A, Ruponen M, Urtti A. The effect of light sensitizer localization on the stability of indocyanine green liposomes. J Control Release 2018; 284:213-223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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13
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Magarkar A, Parkkila P, Viitala T, Lajunen T, Mobarak E, Licari G, Cramariuc O, Vauthey E, Róg T, Bunker A. Membrane bound COMT isoform is an interfacial enzyme: general mechanism and new drug design paradigm. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:3440-3443. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc00221e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We have determined the substrate differentiation mechanism between the membrane bound and water soluble isoforms of important drug target catechol-O-methyltransferase.
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Del Amo EM, Rimpelä AK, Heikkinen E, Kari OK, Ramsay E, Lajunen T, Schmitt M, Pelkonen L, Bhattacharya M, Richardson D, Subrizi A, Turunen T, Reinisalo M, Itkonen J, Toropainen E, Casteleijn M, Kidron H, Antopolsky M, Vellonen KS, Ruponen M, Urtti A. Pharmacokinetic aspects of retinal drug delivery. Prog Retin Eye Res 2016; 57:134-185. [PMID: 28028001 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 377] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Drug delivery to the posterior eye segment is an important challenge in ophthalmology, because many diseases affect the retina and choroid leading to impaired vision or blindness. Currently, intravitreal injections are the method of choice to administer drugs to the retina, but this approach is applicable only in selected cases (e.g. anti-VEGF antibodies and soluble receptors). There are two basic approaches that can be adopted to improve retinal drug delivery: prolonged and/or retina targeted delivery of intravitreal drugs and use of other routes of drug administration, such as periocular, suprachoroidal, sub-retinal, systemic, or topical. Properties of the administration route, drug and delivery system determine the efficacy and safety of these approaches. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic factors determine the required dosing rates and doses that are needed for drug action. In addition, tolerability factors limit the use of many materials in ocular drug delivery. This review article provides a critical discussion of retinal drug delivery, particularly from the pharmacokinetic point of view. This article does not include an extensive review of drug delivery technologies, because they have already been reviewed several times recently. Instead, we aim to provide a systematic and quantitative view on the pharmacokinetic factors in drug delivery to the posterior eye segment. This review is based on the literature and unpublished data from the authors' laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Del Amo
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna-Kaisa Rimpelä
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Emma Heikkinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Otto K Kari
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eva Ramsay
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tatu Lajunen
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mechthild Schmitt
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laura Pelkonen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Madhushree Bhattacharya
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dominique Richardson
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Astrid Subrizi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tiina Turunen
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Reinisalo
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaakko Itkonen
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elisa Toropainen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marco Casteleijn
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heidi Kidron
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maxim Antopolsky
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Marika Ruponen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Arto Urtti
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
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15
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Lajunen T, Nurmi R, Kontturi L, Viitala L, Yliperttula M, Murtomäki L, Urtti A. Light activated liposomes: Functionality and prospects in ocular drug delivery. J Control Release 2016; 244:157-166. [PMID: 27565215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ocular drug delivery, especially to the retina and choroid, is a major challenge in drug development. Liposome technology may be useful in ophthalmology in enabling new routes of delivery, prolongation of drug action and intracellular drug delivery, but drug release from the liposomes should be controlled. For that purpose, light activation may be an approach to release drug at specified time and site in the eye. Technical advances have been made in the field of light activated drug release, particularly indocyanine green loaded liposomes are a promising approach with safe materials and effective light triggered release of small and large molecules. This review discusses the liposomal drug delivery with light activated systems in the context of ophthalmic drug delivery challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatu Lajunen
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riikka Nurmi
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leena Kontturi
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, 00790 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lauri Viitala
- Department of Chemistry, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Marjo Yliperttula
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, 00790 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Arto Urtti
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, 00790 Helsinki, Finland; School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
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16
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Viitala L, Pajari S, Lajunen T, Kontturi LS, Laaksonen T, Kuosmanen P, Viitala T, Urtti A, Murtomäki L. Photothermally Triggered Lipid Bilayer Phase Transition and Drug Release from Gold Nanorod and Indocyanine Green Encapsulated Liposomes. Langmuir 2016; 32:4554-4563. [PMID: 27089512 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In light-activated liposomal drug delivery systems (DDSs), the light sensitivity can be obtained by a photothermal agent that converts light energy into heat. Excess heat increases the drug permeability of the lipid bilayer, and drug is released as a result. In this work, two near-IR responsive photothermal agents in a model drug delivery system are studied: either gold nanorods (GNRs) encapsulated inside the liposomes or indocyanine green (ICG) embedded into the lipid bilayer. The liposome system is exposed to light, and the heating effect is studied with fluorescent thermometers: laurdan and CdSe quantum dots (QDs). Both photothermal agents are shown to convert light into heat in an extent to cause a phase transition in the surrounding lipid bilayer. This phase transition is also proven with laurdan generalized polarization (GP). In addition to the heating results, we show that the model drug (calcein) is released from the liposomal cavity with both photothermal agents when the light power is sufficient to cause a phase transition in the lipid bilayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauri Viitala
- Department of Chemistry, Aalto University , P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Saija Pajari
- Department of Chemistry, Aalto University , P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Tatu Lajunen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leena-Stiina Kontturi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht University , Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Timo Laaksonen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi Kuosmanen
- Department of Chemistry, Aalto University , P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Tapani Viitala
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Arto Urtti
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland , P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lasse Murtomäki
- Department of Chemistry, Aalto University , P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
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17
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Lajunen T, Kontturi LS, Viitala L, Manna M, Cramariuc O, Róg T, Bunker A, Laaksonen T, Viitala T, Murtomäki L, Urtti A. Indocyanine Green-Loaded Liposomes for Light-Triggered Drug Release. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:2095-107. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatu Lajunen
- Centre
for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leena-Stiina Kontturi
- Centre
for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lauri Viitala
- Department
of Chemistry, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Moutusi Manna
- Department
of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 692, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Oana Cramariuc
- Department
of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 692, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Tomasz Róg
- Department
of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 692, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
- Department
of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alex Bunker
- Centre
for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Laaksonen
- Centre
for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department
of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Tapani Viitala
- Centre
for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lasse Murtomäki
- Department
of Chemistry, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Arto Urtti
- Centre
for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- School
of
Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
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18
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Radun I, Kaistinen J, Lajunen T. Public-private partnership in traffic safety research and injury prevention. Int J Epidemiol 2014; 44:364-5. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyu138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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19
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Lajunen T, Hisazumi K, Kanazawa T, Okada H, Seta Y, Yliperttula M, Urtti A, Takashima Y. Topical drug delivery to retinal pigment epithelium with microfluidizer produced small liposomes. Eur J Pharm Sci 2014; 62:23-32. [PMID: 24810393 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2014.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Drug delivery from topically instilled eye drops to the posterior segment of the eye has long been one of the greatest challenges of ocular drug development. We developed methods of liposome preparation utilizing a microfluidizer to achieve adjustable nanoparticle size (even less than 80 nm) and high loading capacity of plasmid DNA. The microfluidizing process parameters were shown to affect the size of the liposomes. Higher operating pressures and passage for at least 10 times through the microfluidizer produced small liposomes with narrow size distribution. The liposomes were physically stable for several months at +4°C. In vivo distribution of the optimized liposome formulations in the rat eyes was investigated with confocal microscopy of the histological specimens. Transferrin was used as a targeting ligand directed to retinal pigment epithelium. Size dependent distribution of liposomes to different posterior segment tissues was seen. Liposomes with the diameter less than 80 nm permeated to the retinal pigment epithelium whereas liposomes with the diameter of 100 nm or more were distributed to the choroidal endothelium. Active targeting was shown to be necessary for liposome retention to the target tissue. In conclusion, these microfluidizer produced small liposomes in eye drops are an attractive option for drug delivery to the posterior segment tissues of the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Lajunen
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Japan; Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - T Kanazawa
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Japan
| | - H Okada
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Japan
| | - Y Seta
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Japan
| | - M Yliperttula
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Urtti
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland; School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - Y Takashima
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Japan.
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Hoe C, Bicaksiz P, Puvanachandra P, Özkan T, Lajunen T, Hyder AA. Making global road safety collaborations work: stakeholders' perceptions. Inj Prev 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2012-040590u.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Orsi C, Stendardo A, Marinoni A, Gilchrist MD, Otte D, Chliaoutakis J, Lajunen T, Ozkan T, Pereira JD, Tzamalouka G, Morandi A. Motorcycle riders' perception of helmet use: complaints and dissatisfaction. Accid Anal Prev 2012; 44:111-117. [PMID: 22062344 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2010.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2010] [Revised: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In accidents which involve two-wheeled vehicles the helmet plays a life-saving role, but very little is known about the motorcycle rider's perception of the helmet. We evaluated the relationships between having been involved in an accident and dissatisfaction with the helmet, and between the perception of motorcycle riders and the objective features of the helmet. This was a case-control study: riders of motorized two-wheelers who had been involved in accidents (accident cases) were compared against a similarly interviewed sample of riders that had not been in accidents (control cases). Information about the driver, the vehicle and the helmet was collected in all interviews. To evaluate the relationships, logistic regressions were carried out. The majority of drivers were dissatisfied with their helmets, but no evidence was found to link this dissatisfaction with having been involved in an accident. The two most common complaints related to noisiness, followed by the helmet visor. Complaints did not seem to be statistically associated with physical features of the helmet.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Orsi
- Centre for Study and Research on Road Safety, Department of Applied Health Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy.
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Rantala A, Lajunen T, Juvonen R, Paldanius M, Silvennoinen-Kassinen S, Peitso A, Vainio O, Leinonen M, Saikku P. Interleukin-6 −174 G/C Promoter Polymorphism is Associated with Persistence of Chlamydia pneumoniae Antibodies in Young Men. Scand J Immunol 2011; 74:95-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2011.02542.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Pradhan-Palikhe P, Vikatmaa P, Lajunen T, Palikhe A, Lepäntalo M, Tervahartiala T, Salo T, Saikku P, Leinonen M, Pussinen PJ, Sorsa T. Elevated MMP-8 and Decreased Myeloperoxidase Concentrations Associate Significantly with the Risk for Peripheral Atherosclerosis Disease and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm1. Scand J Immunol 2010; 72:150-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2010.02418.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Poikonen K, Lajunen T, Silvennoinen-Kassinen S, Leinonen M, Saikku P. Effects of CD14, TLR2, TLR4, LPB, and IL-6 Gene Polymorphisms onChlamydia pneumoniaeGrowth in Human MacrophagesIn Vitro. Scand J Immunol 2009; 70:34-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2009.02267.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Poikonen K, Lajunen T, Silvennoinen-Kassinen S, Paldanius M, Leinonen M, Saikku P. Susceptibility of Human Monocyte-macrophages to Chlamydia pneumoniae Infection In Vitro is Highly Variable and Associated with levels of Soluble CD14 and C. pneumoniae IgA and Human HSP-IgG Antibodies in Serum. Scand J Immunol 2008; 67:279-84. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2007.02061.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lajunen T, Parker D. Are aggressive people aggressive drivers? A study of the relationship between self-reported general aggressiveness, driver anger and aggressive driving. Accid Anal Prev 2001; 33:243-55. [PMID: 11204896 DOI: 10.1016/s0001-4575(00)00039-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study the relationships among self-reported general aggressiveness, impulsiveness, driver anger, and aggressive responses to anger-provoking situations on the road were studied. The British version of a driver anger scale (UK DAS), aggression questionnaire (AQ), and an impulsiveness questionnaire (I7) together with background questions (gender, age, annual mileage) were administered to a sample of 270 British drivers. Variation in strength of correlations between anger and aggressive reactions in the 21 UK DAS items showed that the relationship between driver anger and aggression depends in part on the characteristics of the situation. In addition, three path models for describing the relationships among the measures were constructed separately for women and men. The models suggested that the effects of verbal aggressiveness on self-reported driver aggression were mediated by driver anger whereas physical aggressiveness was directly related to aggressive behaviour. Age was negatively related to both driver anger and aggression among men whereas annual mileage was negatively related to aggression among women. The models constructed indicate that aggressive driver behaviour is a complex phenomenon with a range of psychological causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Lajunen
- Department of Psychology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.
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Abstract
This study investigated different measures of speed and acceleration as indicators of safe driving style. 58 young males drove a 7.1-km test route twice in an instrumented car. Drivers were instructed to drive as they usually do. Driving style was measured by both site-specific measures (speed on a crest and speed and lateral acceleration in a sharp and a gentle curve) and general measures (maximum speed and lateral and longitudinal accelerations over the route). Analysis of variance (accident involvement x mileage) showed that drivers who had had prior accidents drove at higher speed and higher accelerations on a sharp curve than accident-free drivers. Drivers involved with accidents drove at higher maximum speed, left accelerations (at right-hand curves), and Equivalent Vector Acceleration, a mean parameter of accelerations, than accident-free drivers. However, multiple regression analysis indicated that only maximum speed predicted the number of accidents significantly. In conclusion, maximum speed seemed to be a convenient and robust measure of a safe driving style.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Lajunen
- Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki.
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