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Vocke CD, Fleming LR, Piskorski AM, Amin A, Phornphutkul C, de la Monte S, Vilboux T, Duncan F, Pellegrino J, Braddock B, Middelton LA, Schmidt LS, Merino MJ, Cowen EW, Introne WJ, Linehan WM, Smith ACM. A diagnosis of Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome in individuals with Smith-Magenis syndrome: Recommendation for cancer screening. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:490-497. [PMID: 36513625 PMCID: PMC10117402 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We report a series of four unrelated adults with Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS) and concomitant features of Birt-Hogg-Dubé (BHD) syndrome based upon haploinsufficiency for FLCN and characteristic renal cell carcinomas and/or evidence of cutaneous fibrofolliculomas. Three of the cases constitute the first known association of histopathologically verified characteristic BHD-associated renal tumors in adults with SMS; the fourth was identified to have histologically confirmed skin fibrofolliculomas. Molecular analysis documented second-hit FLCN mutations in two of the three cases with confirmed BHD renal pathology. These cases suggest the need to expand management recommendations for SMS to include kidney cancer surveillance starting at 20 years of age, as per the screening recommendations for BHD syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathy D Vocke
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Leah R Fleming
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Department of Genetics, Saint Luke's Genetics and Metabolic Clinic, Boise, Idaho, USA
| | - Anna M Piskorski
- Department of Pathology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Ali Amin
- Department of Pathology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Chanika Phornphutkul
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Suzanne de la Monte
- Department of Pathology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Folami Duncan
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins Children's Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Joan Pellegrino
- Medical Genetics, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Bonnie Braddock
- Medical Genetics, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Lindsay A Middelton
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Laura S Schmidt
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Maria J Merino
- Laboratory of Pathology Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Edward W Cowen
- Dermatology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Wendy J Introne
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - W Marston Linehan
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ann C M Smith
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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2
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Forsyth R, Parisi MA, Altintas B, Malicdan MC, Vilboux T, Knoll J, Brooks BP, Zein WM, Gahl WA, Toro C, Gunay-Aygun M. Systematic analysis of physical examination characteristics of 94 individuals with Joubert syndrome: Keys to suspecting the diagnosis. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 2022; 190:121-130. [PMID: 35312150 PMCID: PMC9117497 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Joubert syndrome (JS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by hypotonia and developmental delay, as well as the obligatory molar tooth sign on brain imaging. Since hypotonia and developmental delay are nonspecific features, there must be a high level of clinical suspicion of JS so that the diagnostic brain imaging and/or molecular testing for the >38 genes associated with JS is/are obtained. The goal of this study was to analyze clinical photographs of a cohort of patients with JS to define a list of physical examination features that should prompt investigation for JS. Analysis of photographs from 94 individuals with JS revealed that there is a recognizable pattern of facial features in JS that changes over time as individuals age. Macrocephaly, head tilting even when looking straight ahead, eye movement abnormalities (oculomotor apraxia, nystagmus, strabismus), and ptosis are common in those with JS. Distinctive features in younger children include triangular-shaped open mouth with tongue protrusion; in older children and adults, mandibular prognathia and prominent nasal bridge are common.
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Affiliation(s)
- RaeLynn Forsyth
- Department of Pediatrics and McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Melissa A Parisi
- Intellectual & Developmental Disabilities Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Burak Altintas
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - May Christine Malicdan
- National Institutes of Health Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Inova Functional Laboratory, Inova Health System, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jasmine Knoll
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brian P Brooks
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Wadih M Zein
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - William A Gahl
- National Institutes of Health Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Camilo Toro
- Undiagnosed Disease Network, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Meral Gunay-Aygun
- Department of Pediatrics and McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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3
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Goldmann JM, Seplyarskiy VB, Wong WSW, Vilboux T, Neerincx PB, Bodian DL, Solomon BD, Veltman JA, Deeken JF, Gilissen C, Niederhuber JE. Publisher Correction: Germline de novo mutation clusters arise during oocyte aging in genomic regions with high double-strand-break incidence. Nat Genet 2021; 53:1270. [PMID: 34302146 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-021-00905-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob M Goldmann
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Vladimir B Seplyarskiy
- Division of Genetics, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Kharkevich Institute), Moscow, Russia
| | - Wendy S W Wong
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute (ITMI), Inova Health Systems, Falls Church, VA, USA
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute (ITMI), Inova Health Systems, Falls Church, VA, USA
| | - Pieter B Neerincx
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Genomics Coordination Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dale L Bodian
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute (ITMI), Inova Health Systems, Falls Church, VA, USA
| | - Benjamin D Solomon
- Department of Pediatrics, Inova Children's Hospital, Inova Health System, Falls Church, VA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Joris A Veltman
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John F Deeken
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute (ITMI), Inova Health Systems, Falls Church, VA, USA
| | - Christian Gilissen
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - John E Niederhuber
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute (ITMI), Inova Health Systems, Falls Church, VA, USA. .,Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Thomas R, Wong WSW, Saadon R, Vilboux T, Deeken J, Niederhuber J, Hourigan SK, Yang E. Gut microbial composition difference between pediatric ALL survivors and siblings. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2020; 37:475-488. [PMID: 32427521 PMCID: PMC7701956 DOI: 10.1080/08880018.2020.1759740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood cancer with high cure rates leading to rising numbers of long-term survivors. Adult survivors of childhood ALL are at increased risk of obesity, cardiovascular disease, and other chronic illnesses. We hypothesize that ALL therapy is associated with long-term gut microbiome alterations that contribute to predisposition to chronic medical conditions. We conducted a pilot study to test whether differences can be detected between stool microbiota of pediatric ALL survivors and their siblings. Stool samples were collected from 38 individuals under age 19 who were at least 1 year after completion of therapy for ALL. Stool samples collected from 16 healthy siblings served as controls. 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing was performed on the stool samples. Comparing microbiota of survivors to sibling controls, no statistically significant differences were found in alpha or beta diversity. However, among the top 10 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) from component 1 in sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis (sPLS-DA) with different relative abundance in survivors versus siblings, OTUs mapping to the genus Faecalibacterium were depleted in survivors. Differences in gut microbial composition were found between pediatric survivors of childhood ALL and their siblings. Specifically, the protective Faecalibacterium is depleted in survivors, which is reminiscent of gut microbiota alteration found in adult survivors of childhood ALL and reported in obesity, suggesting that microbiota alterations in pediatric ALL survivors start in childhood and may play a role in predisposition to chronic illness in later years of survivorship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronay Thomas
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Pediatric Specialists of Virginia, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - Wendy S. W. Wong
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health Systems, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - Reem Saadon
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Pediatric Specialists of Virginia, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health Systems, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - John Deeken
- Inova Schar Cancer Institute, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - John Niederhuber
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health Systems, Falls Church, Virginia, USA;,Surgery and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Suchitra K. Hourigan
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health Systems, Falls Church, Virginia, USA;,Pediatric Gastroenterology, Pediatric Specialists of Virginia, Falls Church, Virginia, USA;,Pediatrics, Inova Children’s Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - Elizabeth Yang
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Pediatric Specialists of Virginia, Falls Church, Virginia, USA;,Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA;,Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine Inova Campus, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
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5
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Vidal-Vanaclocha F, Crende O, García de Durango C, Herreros-Pomares A, López-Doménech S, González Á, Ruiz-Casares E, Vilboux T, Caruso R, Durán H, Gil A, Ielpo B, Lapuente F, Quijano Y, Vicente E, Vidal-Lartitegui L, Sotomayor EM. Liver prometastatic reaction: Stimulating factors and responsive cancer phenotypes. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 71:122-133. [PMID: 32805395 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is first a localized tissue disorder, whose soluble and exosomal molecules and invasive cells induce a host response providing the stromal components of the primary tumor microenvironment (TME). Once the TME is developed, cancer-derived molecules and cells can more efficiently spread out and a whole-body response takes place, whose pathophysiological changes may result in a paraneoplastic syndrome. Remote organ-specific prometastatic reactions may also occur at this time, facilitating metastatic activities of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) through premetastatic niche development at targeted organs. However, additional signaling factors from the inter-organ communication network involved in the pathophysiology and comorbidities of cancer patients may also regulate prometastatic reaction-stimulating effects of cancer and non-cancer tissue factors. This article provides a conceptual overview of our ongoing clinical research on the liver prometastatic reaction (LPR) of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), their portal vein- and hepatic artery-driven LPR-Stimulating Factors (LPR-SF), and their resulting LPR-derived Metastasis-Stimulating Factors (LPR-MSF) acting on liver-invading CRC cells. In addition, we also provide new insights on the molecular subtyping of LPR-responsive cancer phenotypes in patients with CRC and melanoma; and on how to investigate and interpret the prometastatic infrastructure in the real pathophysiological context of patients with cancer undergoing surgical procedures and receiving pharmacological treatments with multiple side effects, including those affecting the LPR, its stimulating factors and responsive cancer phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Vidal-Vanaclocha
- Dept. Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, GW Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA; Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA), CEU-San Pablo University School of Medicine, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain; Persona Biomed Inc., Alexandria, Virginia, USA.
| | - Olatz Crende
- Dept Cell Biology and Histology, Basque Country University School of Pharmacy, Vitoria/Gasteiz, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Álvaro González
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA), CEU-San Pablo University School of Medicine, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Ruiz-Casares
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA), CEU-San Pablo University School of Medicine, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Riccardo Caruso
- Division of General Surgery, HM-Sanchinarro University Hospital, CEU San Pablo University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hipólito Durán
- Division of General Surgery, HM-Sanchinarro University Hospital, CEU San Pablo University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Gil
- Division of General Surgery, HM-Sanchinarro University Hospital, CEU San Pablo University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Benedetto Ielpo
- Division of General Surgery, HM-Sanchinarro University Hospital, CEU San Pablo University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Lapuente
- Department General Surgery, Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Yolanda Quijano
- Division of General Surgery, HM-Sanchinarro University Hospital, CEU San Pablo University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Vicente
- Division of General Surgery, HM-Sanchinarro University Hospital, CEU San Pablo University, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Eduardo M Sotomayor
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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Kinneman L, Zhu W, Wong WSW, Clemency N, Provenzano M, Vilboux T, Jane't K, Seo-Mayer P, Levorson R, Kou M, Ascher D, Niederhuber JE, Hourigan SK. Assessment of the Urinary Microbiome in Children Younger Than 48 Months. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2020; 39:565-570. [PMID: 32091499 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000002622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The urinary tract was once thought to be sterile, and little is known about the urinary microbiome in children. This study aimed to examine the urinary microbiome of young children across demographic and clinical factors. METHODS Children <48 months, undergoing a urinary catheterization for clinical purposes in the Pediatric Emergency Department were recruited and urine samples collected. Detailed demographic and clinical information were recorded. Urine samples underwent DNA extraction and 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, urinalysis and urine culture. RESULTS Eighty-five children were included; a urinary microbiome was identified in every child. Nine children had Escherichia coli urinary tract infections (UTIs) identified. Those with UTIs had a significantly decreased alpha diversity (t test, P < 0.001) and the composition of the microbiome clustered separately (P = 0.001) compared with those without UTIs. CONCLUSIONS A urinary microbiome was identified in every child, even neonates. Differences in microbiome diversity and composition were observed in patients with a standard culture positive UTI. The urinary microbiome has just begun to be explored, and the implications on long-term disease processes deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Kinneman
- From the Department of Pediatrics and Department of Emergency Medicine, Inova Children's Hospital, Falls Church, VA.,Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.,Seattle Children's Emergency Department, Seattle, WA
| | - Wei Zhu
- Seattle Children's Emergency Department, Seattle, WA
| | - Wendy S W Wong
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, VA.,Seattle Children's Emergency Department, Seattle, WA
| | - Nicole Clemency
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, VA.,Seattle Children's Emergency Department, Seattle, WA
| | - Marina Provenzano
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, VA.,Seattle Children's Emergency Department, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Keary Jane't
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, VA
| | - Patricia Seo-Mayer
- From the Department of Pediatrics and Department of Emergency Medicine, Inova Children's Hospital, Falls Church, VA.,Pediatric Specialists of Virginia, Falls Church, VA
| | - Rebecca Levorson
- From the Department of Pediatrics and Department of Emergency Medicine, Inova Children's Hospital, Falls Church, VA.,Pediatric Specialists of Virginia, Falls Church, VA
| | - Maybelle Kou
- From the Department of Pediatrics and Department of Emergency Medicine, Inova Children's Hospital, Falls Church, VA
| | - David Ascher
- From the Department of Pediatrics and Department of Emergency Medicine, Inova Children's Hospital, Falls Church, VA
| | - John E Niederhuber
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, VA.,Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Suchitra K Hourigan
- From the Department of Pediatrics and Department of Emergency Medicine, Inova Children's Hospital, Falls Church, VA.,Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, VA.,Pediatric Specialists of Virginia, Falls Church, VA
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7
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Hourigan SK, Zhu W, S.W.Wong W, Clemency NC, Provenzano M, Vilboux T, Niederhuber JE, Deeken J, Chung S, McDaniel-Wiley K, Trump D. Studying the urine microbiome in superficial bladder cancer: samples obtained by midstream voiding versus cystoscopy. BMC Urol 2020; 20:5. [PMID: 31992287 PMCID: PMC6986141 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-020-0576-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preliminary data suggest that the urinary microbiome may play a role in bladder cancer. Information regarding the most suitable method of collecting urine specimens is needed for the large population studies needed to address this. To compare microbiome metrics resulting from 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing between midstream, voided specimens and those obtained at cystoscopy. METHODS Adults, with a history of superficial urothelial cell carcinoma (non-muscle invasive bladder cancer) being followed with periodic surveillance cystoscopy had a urine sample collected by a mid-stream, voided technique and then from the bladder at cystoscopy. Urine samples underwent 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq platform. RESULTS 22 subjects (8 female, 14 male) were included. There was no significant difference in beta diversity (diversity between samples) in all samples between collection methods. However, analysis by sex revealed a difference between voided and cystoscopy samples from the same individual in males (p = 0.006, Adonis test) but not in females (p = 0.317, Adonis test). No differences were seen by collection method in any alpha diversity (diversity within a sample) measurement or differential abundance of taxa. CONCLUSIONS Beta diversity of the urine microbiome did differ by collection method for males only. This suggests that the urinary microbiomes of the two collection methods are not equivalent to each other, at least in males, which is the sex that bladder cancer occurs most frequently in. Therefore, the same collection method within a given study should be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchitra K. Hourigan
- Inova Children’s Hospital, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA 22042 USA
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA 22042 USA
| | - Wei Zhu
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA 22042 USA
| | - Wendy S.W.Wong
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA 22042 USA
| | - Nicole C. Clemency
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA 22042 USA
| | - Marina Provenzano
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA 22042 USA
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA 22042 USA
| | - John E. Niederhuber
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA 22042 USA
- Public Health Sciences, Center for Genomics in Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA
| | - John Deeken
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA 22042 USA
- Public Health Sciences, Center for Genomics in Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA
- Inova Schar Cancer Institute, 3224 Gallows Road, Fairfax, VA 22031 USA
| | - Simon Chung
- Inova Schar Cancer Institute, 3224 Gallows Road, Fairfax, VA 22031 USA
- Department of Urology, Inova Fairfax Medical Center, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA 22042 USA
| | - Kim McDaniel-Wiley
- Department of Urology, Inova Fairfax Medical Center, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA 22042 USA
| | - Donald Trump
- Inova Schar Cancer Institute, 3224 Gallows Road, Fairfax, VA 22031 USA
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8
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Pode-Shakked B, Heimer G, Vilboux T, Marek-Yagel D, Ben-Zeev B, Davids M, Ferreira CR, Philosoph AM, Veber A, Pode-Shakked N, Kenet G, Soudack M, Hoffmann C, Vernitsky H, Safaniev M, Lodzki M, Lahad A, Shouval DS, Levinkopf D, Weiss B, Barg AA, Daka A, Amariglio N, Malicdan MCV, Gahl WA, Anikster Y. Cerebral and portal vein thrombosis, macrocephaly and atypical absence seizures in Glycosylphosphatidyl inositol deficiency due to a PIGM promoter mutation. Mol Genet Metab 2019; 128:151-161. [PMID: 31445883 PMCID: PMC10569059 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Defects of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) biosynthesis pathway constitute an emerging subgroup of congenital disorders of glycosylation with heterogeneous phenotypes. A mutation in the promoter of PIGM, resulting in a syndrome with portal vein thrombosis and persistent absence seizures, was previously described in three patients. We now report four additional patients in two unrelated families, with further clinical, biochemical and molecular delineation of this unique entity. We also describe the first prenatal diagnosis of PIGM deficiency, allowing characterization of the natural history of the disease from birth. The patients described herein expand the phenotypic spectrum of PIGM deficiency to include macrocephaly and infantile-onset cerebrovascular thrombotic events. Finally, we offer insights regarding targeted treatment of this rare disorder with sodium phenylbutyrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Pode-Shakked
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Gali Heimer
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Inova Functional Laboratory, Inova Health System, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - Dina Marek-Yagel
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Israel
| | - Bruria Ben-Zeev
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Pediatric Neurology Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Israel
| | - Mariska Davids
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, NIH, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carlos R Ferreira
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amit Mary Philosoph
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Alvit Veber
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Naomi Pode-Shakked
- Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Department of Pediatrics, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Gili Kenet
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; The Israeli National Hemophilia Center and Thrombosis Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Michalle Soudack
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Pediatric Imaging Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Chen Hoffmann
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Department of Radiology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Helly Vernitsky
- Hematology Laboratory, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Marina Safaniev
- Hematology Laboratory, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Maya Lodzki
- Pharmaceutical Services, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Avishay Lahad
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, NIH, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Dror S Shouval
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Dana Levinkopf
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Department of Pediatrics, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Batia Weiss
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Assaf Arie Barg
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; The Israeli National Hemophilia Center and Thrombosis Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Ayman Daka
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Department of Pediatrics, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Ninette Amariglio
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Hematology Laboratory, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - May Christine V Malicdan
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, NIH, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - William A Gahl
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, NIH, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Yair Anikster
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Israel.
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9
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Kane MS, Zhao J, Muskett J, Diplock A, Srivastava S, Hauser N, Deeken JF, Niederhuber JE, Smith WE, Vilboux T, Ebrahimi-Fakhari D. EPG5 Variants with Modest Functional Impact Result in an Ameliorated and Primarily Neurological Phenotype in a 3.5-Year-Old Patient with Vici Syndrome. Neuropediatrics 2019; 50:257-261. [PMID: 31226715 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1692129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Congenital disorders of autophagy are multisystem disorders with significant neurological involvement. Ectopic p-granules protein 5 (EPG5)-associated Vici syndrome is a prototypical congenital disorder of autophagy and presents with the cardinal features of agenesis of the corpus callosum, cataracts, cardiomyopathy, immunodeficiency, and oculocutaneous hypopigmentation. The majority of EPG5 variants leading to Vici syndrome are null alleles with only a few missense variants published to date. Here we report a 3.5-year-old male with compound heterozygous EPG5 variants [NM_020964.2: c.772G > T/c.5943-9_5943-5del]. His clinical presentation deviates notably from classic Vici syndrome with a lack of hypopigmentation, cataracts, immunodeficiency, cardiomyopathy, or failure to thrive. Neurological manifestations within the known disease spectrum include early-onset global developmental delay, hypotonia, and postnatal microcephaly. Seizures, hearing loss, or optic nerve atrophy are absent, however. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrates a thin but fully formed corpus callosum. Based on the ameliorated and primarily neurological phenotype, we hypothesized that the functional impact of the EPG5 variants present would be milder with a higher amount of residual EPG5 expression. Analyses of EPG5 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) in the patient and his parents were performed to examine expression level and splicing; mRNA from a healthy control and a patient with classic Vici syndrome was also included. Aberrant splicing due to the intronic mutation was detected, but no loss of expression. In contrast, we observed a 50% reduction in mRNA expression in classic Vici syndrome patient fibroblasts. These results support a model of disease severity, which correlates to the dosage of EPG5 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan S Kane
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Fairfax, Virginia, United States
| | - Jia Zhao
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Fairfax, Virginia, United States
| | - Julie Muskett
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Fairfax, Virginia, United States
| | - Amelia Diplock
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Siddharth Srivastava
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Natalie Hauser
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Fairfax, Virginia, United States
| | - John F Deeken
- Inova Schar Cancer Institute, Inova Health System, Fairfax, Virginia, United States.,Department of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, United States
| | - John E Niederhuber
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Fairfax, Virginia, United States.,Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Institute, Fairfax, Virginia, United States.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.,Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - Wendy E Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, The Barbara Bush Children's Hospital, Main Medical Center, Portland, Maine, United States
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Fairfax, Virginia, United States
| | - Darius Ebrahimi-Fakhari
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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10
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Bodian DL, Vilboux T, Hauser NS. Genotype-first analysis of a generally healthy population cohort supports genetic testing for diagnosis of hereditary angioedema of unknown cause. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2019; 15:32. [PMID: 31131012 PMCID: PMC6524287 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-019-0346-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a potentially life-threatening group of conditions that is often underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed. As HAE is typically diagnosed by detecting C1 inhibitor deficiency, there is a critical need for methods that can identify affected individuals with normal C1 inhibitor. The recent discovery of associations between PLG K330E and ANGPT1 A119S and HAE of unknown genetic cause (HAE-U), has raised the possibility that genetic evaluation could be used to diagnose HAE-U in patients with unexplained angioedema or non-confirmatory laboratory testing. Case presentation We analyzed genome sequences from a generally healthy population cohort of 2820 adults and identified PLG K330E in one individual. Subsequent review of this participant’s medical history revealed symptoms clinically attributed to allergy of unknown etiology but that are consistent with published descriptions of HAE patients carrying the PLG K330E variant. The participant, a 31 year old female, reported lip and tongue angioedema, without wheals, which did not respond to treatment with steroids or antihistamines. Conclusions The genotype-first approach demonstrated that detection of PLG K330E in undiagnosed or misdiagnosed individuals can identify patients actually affected with HAE-U. The genetic diagnosis will facilitate selection of appropriate treatment, discontinuation of therapies ineffective for this condition, and timely diagnosis of affected family members. The results support a role of PLG K330E in the pathogenesis of HAE and suggest that genetic testing be considered as an approach to diagnose patients with unexplained angioedema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale L Bodian
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Falls Church, VA USA
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Falls Church, VA USA
| | - Natalie S Hauser
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Falls Church, VA USA
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11
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Bhuvaneshwar K, Harris M, Gusev Y, Madhavan S, Iyer R, Vilboux T, Deeken J, Yang E, Shankar S. Genome sequencing analysis of blood cells identifies germline haplotypes strongly associated with drug resistance in osteosarcoma patients. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:357. [PMID: 30991985 PMCID: PMC6466653 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5474-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor in children. Survival remains poor among histologically poor responders, and there is a need to identify them at diagnosis to avoid delivering ineffective therapy. Genetic variation contributes to a wide range of response and toxicity related to chemotherapy. The aim of this study is to use sequencing of blood cells to identify germline haplotypes strongly associated with drug resistance in osteosarcoma patients. METHODS We used sequencing data from two patient datasets, from Inova Hospital and the NCI TARGET. We explored the effect of mutation hotspots, in the form of haplotypes, associated with relapse outcome. We then mapped the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in these haplotypes to genes and pathways. We also performed a targeted analysis of mutations in Drug Metabolizing Enzymes and Transporter (DMET) genes associated with tumor necrosis and survival. RESULTS We found intronic and intergenic hotspot regions from 26 genes common to both the TARGET and INOVA datasets significantly associated with relapse outcome. Among significant results were mutations in genes belonging to AKR enzyme family, cell-cell adhesion biological process and the PI3K pathways; as well as variants in SLC22 family associated with both tumor necrosis and overall survival. The SNPs from our results were confirmed using Sanger sequencing. Our results included known as well as novel SNPs and haplotypes in genes associated with drug resistance. CONCLUSION We show that combining next generation sequencing data from multiple datasets and defined clinical data can better identify relevant pathway associations and clinically actionable variants, as well as provide insights into drug response mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krithika Bhuvaneshwar
- Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - Michael Harris
- Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - Yuriy Gusev
- Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - Subha Madhavan
- Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | | | | | - John Deeken
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Fairfax, VA USA
| | - Elizabeth Yang
- Inova Children’s Hospital, Falls Church, VA USA
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders of Northern Virginia, Pediatric Specialists of Virginia, Falls Church, VA USA
- George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington DC, USA
- Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Inova Campus, Falls Church, VA USA
| | - Sadhna Shankar
- Inova Children’s Hospital, Falls Church, VA USA
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders of Northern Virginia, Pediatric Specialists of Virginia, Falls Church, VA USA
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12
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Brooks BP, Zein WM, Thompson AH, Mokhtarzadeh M, Doherty DA, Parisi M, Glass IA, Malicdan MC, Vilboux T, Vemulapalli M, Mullikin JC, Gahl WA, Gunay-Aygun M. Joubert Syndrome: Ophthalmological Findings in Correlation with Genotype and Hepatorenal Disease in 99 Patients Prospectively Evaluated at a Single Center. Ophthalmology 2018; 125:1937-1952. [PMID: 30055837 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Joubert syndrome (JS) is caused by mutations in >34 genes that encode proteins involved with primary (nonmotile) cilia and the cilium basal body. This study describes the varying ocular phenotypes in JS patients, with correlation to systemic findings and genotype. DESIGN Patients were systematically and prospectively examined at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Center in the setting of a dedicated natural history clinical trial. PARTICIPANTS Ninety-nine patients with JS examined at a single center. METHODS All patients underwent genotyping for JS, followed by complete age-appropriate ophthalmic examinations at the NIH Clinical Center, including visual acuity (VA), fixation behavior, lid position, motility assessment, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, dilated fundus examination with an indirect ophthalmoscope, and retinoscopy. Color and fundus autofluorescence imaging, Optos wide-field photography (Dunfermline, Scotland, UK), and electroretinography (ERG) were performed when possible. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The VA (with longitudinal follow-up where possible), ptosis, extraocular muscle function, retinal and optic nerve status, and retinal function as measured by ERG. RESULTS Among patients with JS with quantifiable VA (68/99), values ranged from 0 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) (Snellen 20/20) to 1.5 logMAR (Snellen 20/632). Strabismus (71/98), nystagmus (66/99), oculomotor apraxia (60/77), ptosis (30/98), coloboma (28/99), retinal degeneration (20/83), and optic nerve atrophy (8/86) were identified. CONCLUSIONS We recommend regular monitoring for ophthalmological manifestations of JS beginning soon after birth or diagnosis. We demonstrate delayed visual development and note that the amblyogenic time frame may last significantly longer in JS than is typical. In general, patients with coloboma were less likely to display retinal degeneration, and those with retinal degeneration did not have coloboma. Severe retinal degeneration that is early and aggressive is seen in disease caused by specific genes, such as CEP290- and AHI1-associated JS. Retinal degeneration in INPP5E-, MKS1-, and NPHP1-associated JS was generally milder. Finally, ptosis surgery can be helpful in a subset of patients with JS; decisions as to timing and benefit/risk ratio need to be made on an individual basis according to expert consultation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P Brooks
- National Eye Institute, Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; National Human Genome Research Institute, Genetics and Molecular Biology Branch, Bethesda, Maryland; Office of the Clinical Director, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Wadih M Zein
- National Eye Institute, Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Amy H Thompson
- National Eye Institute, Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Columbus Technologies & Services, Inc., Greenbelt, Maryland
| | - Maryam Mokhtarzadeh
- National Eye Institute, Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Daniel A Doherty
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Melissa Parisi
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ian A Glass
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - May C Malicdan
- National Institutes of Health Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- National Human Genome Research Institute, Genetics and Molecular Biology Branch, Bethesda, Maryland; Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, Virginia
| | - Meghana Vemulapalli
- National Institutes of Health Intramural Sequencing Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - James C Mullikin
- National Institutes of Health Intramural Sequencing Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - William A Gahl
- National Institutes of Health Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Meral Gunay-Aygun
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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13
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Bodian DL, Schreiber JM, Vilboux T, Khromykh A, Hauser NS. Mutation in an alternative transcript of CDKL5 in a boy with early-onset seizures. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2018; 4:mcs.a002360. [PMID: 29444904 PMCID: PMC5983171 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a002360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Infantile-onset epilepsies are a set of severe, heterogeneous disorders for which clinical genetic testing yields causative mutations in ∼20%–50% of affected individuals. We report the case of a boy presenting with intractable seizures at 2 wk of age, for whom gene panel testing was unrevealing. Research-based whole-genome sequencing of the proband and four unaffected family members identified a de novo mutation, NM_001323289.1:c.2828_2829delGA in CDKL5, a gene associated with X-linked early infantile epileptic encephalopathy 2. CDKL5 has multiple alternative transcripts, and the mutation lies in an exon in the brain-expressed forms. The mutation was undetected by gene panel sequencing because of its intronic location in the CDKL5 transcript typically used to define the exons of this gene for clinical exon-based tests (NM_003159). This is the first report of a patient with a mutation in an alternative transcript of CDKL5. This finding suggests that incorporating alternative transcripts into the design and variant interpretation of exon-based tests, including gene panel and exome sequencing, could improve the diagnostic yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale L Bodian
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia 22042, USA
| | - John M Schreiber
- Pediatric Specialists of Virginia, Falls Church, Virginia 22042, USA
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia 22042, USA
| | - Alina Khromykh
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia 22042, USA
| | - Natalie S Hauser
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia 22042, USA
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14
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Hauser NS, Solomon BD, Vilboux T, Khromykh A, Baveja R, Bodian DL. Experience with genomic sequencing in pediatric patients with congenital cardiac defects in a large community hospital. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2018; 6:200-212. [PMID: 29368431 PMCID: PMC5902396 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital cardiac defects, whether isolated or as part of a larger syndrome, are the most common type of human birth defect occurring on average in about 1% of live births depending on the malformation. As there is an expanding understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms by which a cardiac defect may occur, there is a need to assess the current rates of diagnosis of cardiac defects by molecular sequencing in a clinical setting. METHODS AND RESULTS In this report, we evaluated 34 neonatal and pediatric patients born with a cardiac defect and their parents using exomized preexisting whole genome sequencing (WGS) data to model clinically available exon-based tests. Overall, we identified candidate variants in previously reported cardiac-related genes in 35% (12/34) of the probands. These include clearly pathogenic variants in two of 34 patients (6%) and variants of uncertain significance in relevant genes in 10 patients (26%), of these latter 10, 2 segregated with clinically apparent findings in the family trios. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that with current knowledge of the proteins underlying CHD, genomic sequencing can identify the underlying genetic etiology in certain patients; however, this technology currently does not have a high enough yield to be of routine clinical use in the screening of pediatric congenital cardiac defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie S. Hauser
- Inova Translational Medicine InstituteFalls ChurchVAUSA
- Inova Children's HospitalInova Health SystemFalls ChurchVAUSA
| | - Benjamin D. Solomon
- Inova Translational Medicine InstituteFalls ChurchVAUSA
- Present address:
GeneDxGaithersburgMDUSA
| | | | | | - Rajiv Baveja
- Inova Children's HospitalInova Health SystemFalls ChurchVAUSA
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15
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Malicdan MCV, Vilboux T, Ben-Zeev B, Guo J, Eliyahu A, Pode-Shakked B, Dori A, Kakani S, Chandrasekharappa SC, Ferreira C, Shelestovich N, Marek-Yagel D, Pri-Chen H, Blatt I, Niederhuber JE, He L, Toro C, Taylor RW, Deeken J, Yardeni T, Wallace DC, Gahl WA, Anikster Y. A novel inborn error of the coenzyme Q10 biosynthesis pathway: cerebellar ataxia and static encephalomyopathy due to COQ5 C-methyltransferase deficiency. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:69-79. [PMID: 29044765 PMCID: PMC5722658 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Revised: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Primary coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10 ; MIM# 607426) deficiencies are an emerging group of inherited mitochondrial disorders with heterogonous clinical phenotypes. Over a dozen genes are involved in the biosynthesis of CoQ10 , and mutations in several of these are associated with human disease. However, mutations in COQ5 (MIM# 616359), catalyzing the only C-methylation in the CoQ10 synthetic pathway, have not been implicated in human disease. Here, we report three female siblings of Iraqi-Jewish descent, who had varying degrees of cerebellar ataxia, encephalopathy, generalized tonic-clonic seizures, and cognitive disability. Whole-exome and subsequent whole-genome sequencing identified biallelic duplications in the COQ5 gene, leading to reduced levels of CoQ10 in peripheral white blood cells of all affected individuals and reduced CoQ10 levels in the only muscle tissue available from one affected proband. CoQ10 supplementation led to clinical improvement and increased the concentrations of CoQ10 in blood. This is the first report of primary CoQ10 deficiency caused by loss of function of COQ5, with delineation of the clinical, laboratory, histological, and molecular features, and insights regarding targeted treatment with CoQ10 supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Christine V. Malicdan
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, NIH and National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, 20892 Maryland, USA
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892 Maryland, USA
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892 Maryland, USA
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, 22042 Virginia, USA
| | - Bruria Ben-Zeev
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 5621 Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978 Israel
- Department of Pathology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 52621, Israel
| | - Jennifer Guo
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, NIH and National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, 20892 Maryland, USA
| | - Aviva Eliyahu
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 5621 Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978 Israel
| | - Ben Pode-Shakked
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 5621 Israel
- The Dr. Pinchas Borenstein Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 5621 Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978 Israel
| | - Amir Dori
- The Dr. Pinchas Borenstein Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 5621 Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978 Israel
- Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978 Israel
| | - Sravan Kakani
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892 Maryland, USA
| | - Settara C. Chandrasekharappa
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892 Maryland, USA
| | - Carlos Ferreira
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892 Maryland, USA
| | - Natalia Shelestovich
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978 Israel
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Dina Marek-Yagel
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 5621 Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978 Israel
- Department of Pathology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 52621, Israel
| | - Hadass Pri-Chen
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892 Maryland, USA
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 52621, Israel
| | - Ilan Blatt
- Department of Neurology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 5621 Israel
| | - John E. Niederhuber
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, 22042 Virginia, USA
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway Street, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Langping He
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Camilo Toro
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, NIH and National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, 20892 Maryland, USA
| | - Robert W. Taylor
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John Deeken
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, 22042 Virginia, USA
| | - Tal Yardeni
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Douglas C. Wallace
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, USA
| | - William A. Gahl
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, NIH and National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, 20892 Maryland, USA
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892 Maryland, USA
| | - Yair Anikster
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 5621 Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978 Israel
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 52621, Israel
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16
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Fleming LR, Doherty DA, Parisi MA, Glass IA, Bryant J, Fischer R, Turkbey B, Choyke P, Daryanani K, Vemulapalli M, Mullikin JC, Malicdan MC, Vilboux T, Sayer JA, Gahl WA, Gunay-Aygun M. Prospective Evaluation of Kidney Disease in Joubert Syndrome. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2017; 12:1962-1973. [PMID: 29146704 PMCID: PMC5718273 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.05660517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Joubert syndrome is a genetically heterogeneous ciliopathy associated with >30 genes. The characteristics of kidney disease and genotype-phenotype correlations have not been evaluated in a large cohort at a single center. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS We evaluated 97 individuals with Joubert syndrome at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center using abdominal ultrasonography, blood and urine chemistries, and DNA sequencing. RESULTS Patients were ages 0.6-36 years old (mean of 9.0±7.6 years old); 41 were female. Mutations were identified in 19 genes in 92 patients; two thirds of the mutations resided in six genes: TMEM67, C5orf42, CC2D2A, CEP290, AHI1, and KIAA0586. Kidney disease was detected in 30%, most commonly in association with the following genes: CEP290 (six of six), TMEM67 (11 of 22), and AHI1 (three of six). No kidney disease was identified in patients with mutations in C5orf42 (zero of 15) or KIAA0586 (zero of six). Prenatal ultrasonography of kidneys was normal in 72% of patients with kidney disease. Specific types of kidney disease included nephronophthisis (31%), an overlap phenotype of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease/nephronophthisis (35%), unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney (10%), and indeterminate-type cystic kidney disease (24%). Early-onset hypertension occurred in 24% of patients with kidney disease. Age at ESRD (n=13) ranged from 6 to 24 years old (mean of 11.3±4.8 years old). CONCLUSIONS Kidney disease occurs in up to one third of patients with Joubert syndrome, most commonly in those with mutations in CEP290, TMEM67, and AHI1. Patients with mutations in C5orf42 or KIAA0586 are less likely to develop kidney disease. Prenatal ultrasonography is a poor predictor of kidney involvement in Joubert syndrome. Unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney and autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease-like enlarged kidneys with early-onset hypertension can be part of the Joubert syndrome kidney phenotype.
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MESH Headings
- Abnormalities, Multiple/diagnostic imaging
- Abnormalities, Multiple/genetics
- Abnormalities, Multiple/metabolism
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Age of Onset
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
- Cerebellum/abnormalities
- Cerebellum/diagnostic imaging
- Cerebellum/metabolism
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Cytoskeletal Proteins
- Eye Abnormalities/complications
- Eye Abnormalities/diagnostic imaging
- Eye Abnormalities/genetics
- Eye Abnormalities/metabolism
- Female
- Genotype
- Humans
- Infant
- Kidney Diseases, Cystic/complications
- Kidney Diseases, Cystic/congenital
- Kidney Diseases, Cystic/diagnostic imaging
- Kidney Diseases, Cystic/genetics
- Kidney Diseases, Cystic/metabolism
- Kidney Failure, Chronic/etiology
- Kidney Failure, Chronic/genetics
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Male
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney/complications
- Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney/diagnostic imaging
- Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney/genetics
- Mutation
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Phenotype
- Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive/complications
- Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive/diagnostic imaging
- Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive/genetics
- Prospective Studies
- Proteins/genetics
- Retina/abnormalities
- Retina/diagnostic imaging
- Retina/metabolism
- Ultrasonography, Prenatal
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah R Fleming
- Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are provided in the Supplemental Material
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17
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Bodian DL, Vilboux T, Hourigan SK, Jenevein CL, Mani H, Kent KC, Khromykh A, Solomon BD, Hauser NS. Genomic analysis of an infant with intractable diarrhea and dilated cardiomyopathy. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2017; 3:mcs.a002055. [PMID: 28701297 PMCID: PMC5701300 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a002055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a case of an infant presenting with intractable diarrhea who subsequently developed dilated cardiomyopathy, for whom a diagnosis was not initially achieved despite extensive clinical testing, including panel-based genetic testing. Research-based whole-genome sequences of the proband and both parents were analyzed by the SAVANNA pipeline, a variant prioritization strategy integrating features of variants, genes, and phenotypes, which was implemented using publicly available tools. Although the intestinal morphological abnormalities characteristic of congenital tufting enteropathy (CTE) were not observed in the initial clinical gastrointestinal tract biopsies of the proband, an intronic variant, EPCAM c.556-14A>G, previously identified as pathogenic for CTE, was found in the homozygous state. A newborn cousin of the proband also presenting with intractable diarrhea was found to carry the same homozygous EPCAM variant, and clinical testing revealed intestinal tufting and loss of EPCAM staining. This variant, however, was considered nonexplanatory for the proband's dilated cardiomyopathy, which could be a sequela of the child's condition and/or related to other genetic variants, which include de novo mutations in the genes NEDD4L and GSK3A and a maternally inherited SCN5A variant. This study illustrates three ways in which genomic sequencing can aid in the diagnosis of clinically challenging patients: differential diagnosis despite atypical clinical presentation, distinguishing the possibilities of a syndromic condition versus multiple conditions, and generating hypotheses for novel contributory genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale L Bodian
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia 22042, USA
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia 22042, USA
| | - Suchitra K Hourigan
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia 22042, USA.,Inova Children's Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia 22042, USA
| | - Callie L Jenevein
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia 22042, USA
| | - Haresh Mani
- Department of Pathology, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia 22042, USA
| | | | - Alina Khromykh
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia 22042, USA
| | - Benjamin D Solomon
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia 22042, USA
| | - Natalie S Hauser
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia 22042, USA
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18
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Hardee I, Soldatos A, Davids M, Vilboux T, Toro C, David KL, Ferreira CR, Nehrebecky M, Snow J, Thurm A, Heller T, Macnamara EF, Gunay-Aygun M, Zein WM, Gahl WA, Malicdan MCV. Cover Image, Volume 173A, Number 12, December 2017. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 173:i. [PMID: 29136352 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The cover image, by Isabel Hardee et al., is based on the Clinical Report Defective ciliogenesis in INPP5E-related Joubert syndrome, DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38376. Design Credit: Darryl Leja.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Hardee
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ariane Soldatos
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mariska Davids
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Department of Medical Genetics, Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, Virginia
| | - Camilo Toro
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Carlos R Ferreira
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Michele Nehrebecky
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joseph Snow
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Mental health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Audrey Thurm
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Mental health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Theo Heller
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ellen F Macnamara
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Meral Gunay-Aygun
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Department of Pediatrics and McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Wadih M Zein
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - William A Gahl
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - May Christine V Malicdan
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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19
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Hardee I, Soldatos A, Davids M, Vilboux T, Toro C, David KL, Ferreira CR, Nehrebecky M, Snow J, Thurm A, Heller T, Macnamara EF, Gunay-Aygun M, Zein WM, Gahl WA, Malicdan MCV. Defective ciliogenesis in INPP5E-related Joubert syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 173:3231-3237. [PMID: 29052317 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Joubert syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder, characterized by malformation of the mid and hindbrain leading to the pathognomonic molar tooth appearance of the brainstem and cerebellum on axial MRI. Core clinical manifestations include hypotonia, tachypnea/apnea, ataxia, ocular motor apraxia, and developmental delay of varying degrees. In addition, a subset of patients has retinal dystrophy, chorioretinal colobomas, hepatorenal fibrocystic disease, and polydactyly. Joubert syndrome exhibits genetic heterogeneity, with mutations identified in more than 30 genes, including INPP5E, a gene encoding inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase E, which is important in the development and stability of the primary cilium. Here, we report the detailed clinical phenotypes of two sisters with a novel homozygous variant in INPP5E (NM_019892.4: c.1565G>C, NP_063945.2: p.Gly552Ala), expanding the phenotype associated with Joubert syndrome type 1. Expression studies using patient-derived fibroblasts showed changes in mRNA and protein levels. Analysis of fibroblasts from patients revealed that a significant number of cells had shorter or no cilia, indicating defects in ciliogenesis, and cilia maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Hardee
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ariane Soldatos
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mariska Davids
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Department of Medical Genetics, Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, Virginia
| | - Camilo Toro
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Carlos R Ferreira
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Michele Nehrebecky
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joseph Snow
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Mental health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Audrey Thurm
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Mental health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Theo Heller
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ellen F Macnamara
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Meral Gunay-Aygun
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Department of Pediatrics and McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Wadih M Zein
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - William A Gahl
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - May Christine V Malicdan
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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20
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Summers AC, Snow J, Wiggs E, Liu AG, Toro C, Poretti A, Zein WM, Brooks BP, Parisi MA, Inati S, Doherty D, Vemulapalli M, Mullikin JC, Vilboux T, Gahl WA, Gunay-Aygun M. Neuropsychological phenotypes of 76 individuals with Joubert syndrome evaluated at a single center. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 173:1796-1812. [PMID: 28497568 PMCID: PMC5682233 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Joubert syndrome (JS) is a genetically heterogeneous ciliopathy characterized by hypo-dysplasia of the cerebellar vermis, a distinct hindbrain/midbrain malformation (molar tooth sign), and intellectual disability. We evaluated the neuropsychological profiles of 76 participants with JS in the context of molecular genetics and clinical covariates. Evaluations included neuropsychological testing, structured parental interviews, DNA sequencing, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electroencephalography (EEG), ophthalmologic examination, and assessment for renal and hepatic disease. On average, participants manifested Full Scale Intelligence Quotients (FSIQ) in the moderately to profoundly low range (M = 64.3 ± 15.3). Of the Wechsler index scores, verbal comprehension was least affected and processing speed was most affected. Receptive language was rated as better than expressive language on the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales-Second Edition. Those with abnormal EEG had a significantly lower FSIQ (n = 15; M = 50.7 ± 12.9) compared to participants with normal EEG (n = 39; M = 64.7 ± 16.3; p = .004). Participants taking psychiatric medications manifested a lower FSIQ (n = 20; M = 54.8 ± 13.2) than those not taking them (n = 42; M = 65.0 ± 17.2; p = .022). These correlations were also present in the TMEM67-related JS sub-cohort (n = 14). Based on parental assessment, psychiatric and behavioral problems were significantly more common than in the general population for all measures (p < .004 for all). The majority (65%) of individuals with JS have some degree of intellectual disability. Abnormal EEG is associated with lower neuropsychological function. Processing speed is a weakness, while verbal comprehension and receptive language are relative strengths. These findings may guide parents, teachers, therapists, and doctors to determine appropriate therapies, accommodations, and academic goals for individuals with JS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela C Summers
- Office of the Clinical Director, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Department of Psychology, Fordham University, Bronx, New York
| | - Joseph Snow
- Office of the Clinical Director, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Edythe Wiggs
- Office of the Clinical Director, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alexander G Liu
- Office of the Clinical Director, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Camilo Toro
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Andrea Poretti
- Section of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Wadih M Zein
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Brian P Brooks
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Melissa A Parisi
- Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sara Inati
- Electroencephalography Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Dan Doherty
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Meghana Vemulapalli
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center (NISC), National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jim C Mullikin
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center (NISC), National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, Virginia
| | - William A Gahl
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Meral Gunay-Aygun
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Department of Pediatrics and McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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21
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Pavey AR, Bodian DL, Vilboux T, Khromykh A, Hauser NS, Huddleston K, Klein E, Black A, Kane MS, Iyer RK, Niederhuber JE, Solomon BD. Utilization of genomic sequencing for population screening of immunodeficiencies in the newborn. Genet Med 2017; 19:1367-1375. [PMID: 28617419 DOI: 10.1038/gim.2017.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PurposeImmunodeficiency screening has been added to many state-directed newborn screening programs. The current methodology is limited to screening for severe T-cell lymphopenia disorders. We evaluated the potential of genomic sequencing to augment current newborn screening for immunodeficiency, including identification of non-T cell disorders.MethodsWe analyzed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and clinical data from a cohort of 1,349 newborn-parent trios by genotype-first and phenotype-first approaches. For the genotype-first approach, we analyzed predicted protein-impacting variants in 329 immunodeficiency-related genes in the WGS data. As a phenotype-first approach, electronic health records were used to identify children with clinical features suggestive of immunodeficiency. Genomes of these children and their parents were analyzed using a separate pipeline for identification of candidate pathogenic variants for rare Mendelian disorders.ResultsWGS provides adequate coverage for most known immunodeficiency-related genes. 13,476 distinct variants and 8,502 distinct predicted protein-impacting variants were identified in this cohort; five individuals carried potentially pathogenic variants requiring expert clinical correlation. One clinically asymptomatic individual was found genomically to have complement component 9 deficiency. Of the symptomatic children, one was molecularly identified as having an immunodeficiency condition and two were found to have other molecular diagnoses.ConclusionNeonatal genomic sequencing can potentially augment newborn screening for immunodeficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh R Pavey
- Department of Pediatrics, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, Virginia,USA
| | - Dale L Bodian
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, Virginia,USA
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, Virginia,USA
| | - Alina Khromykh
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, Virginia,USA
| | - Natalie S Hauser
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, Virginia,USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Inova Children's Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - Kathi Huddleston
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, Virginia,USA
| | - Elisabeth Klein
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, Virginia,USA
| | - Aaron Black
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, Virginia,USA
| | - Megan S Kane
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, Virginia,USA
| | - Ramaswamy K Iyer
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, Virginia,USA
| | - John E Niederhuber
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, Virginia,USA.,Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Benjamin D Solomon
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, Virginia,USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Inova Children's Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia, USA.,GeneDx, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
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22
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Barel O, Malicdan MCV, Ben-Zeev B, Kandel J, Pri-Chen H, Stephen J, Castro IG, Metz J, Atawa O, Moshkovitz S, Ganelin E, Barshack I, Polak-Charcon S, Nass D, Marek-Yagel D, Amariglio N, Shalva N, Vilboux T, Ferreira C, Pode-Shakked B, Heimer G, Hoffmann C, Yardeni T, Nissenkorn A, Avivi C, Eyal E, Kol N, Glick Saar E, Wallace DC, Gahl WA, Rechavi G, Schrader M, Eckmann DM, Anikster Y. Deleterious variants in TRAK1 disrupt mitochondrial movement and cause fatal encephalopathy. Brain 2017; 140:568-581. [PMID: 28364549 PMCID: PMC6075218 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awx002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular distribution and dynamics of mitochondria are regulated by several motor proteins and a microtubule network. In neurons, mitochondrial trafficking is crucial because of high energy needs and calcium ion buffering along axons to synapses during neurotransmission. The trafficking kinesin proteins (TRAKs) are well characterized for their role in lysosomal and mitochondrial trafficking in cells, especially neurons. Using whole exome sequencing, we identified homozygous truncating variants in TRAK1 (NM_001042646:c.287-2A > C), in six lethal encephalopathic patients from three unrelated families. The pathogenic variant results in aberrant splicing and significantly reduced gene expression at the RNA and protein levels. In comparison with normal cells, TRAK1-deficient fibroblasts showed irregular mitochondrial distribution, altered mitochondrial motility, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, and diminished mitochondrial respiration. This study confirms the role of TRAK1 in mitochondrial dynamics and constitutes the first report of this gene in association with a severe neurodevelopmental disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ortal Barel
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - May Christine V Malicdan
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, NHGRI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Bruria Ben-Zeev
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Judith Kandel
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hadass Pri-Chen
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Joshi Stephen
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Inês G Castro
- Department of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Jeremy Metz
- Department of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Osama Atawa
- Palestenian Red Crescent Society Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Hebron City, Palestine
| | - Sharon Moshkovitz
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Esther Ganelin
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Iris Barshack
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Pathology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Sylvie Polak-Charcon
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Pathology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Dvora Nass
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Pathology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Dina Marek-Yagel
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Ninette Amariglio
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Nechama Shalva
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - Carlos Ferreira
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children’s National Health System, Washington DC, USA
| | - Ben Pode-Shakked
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- The Dr. Pinchas Borenstein Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Gali Heimer
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- The Dr. Pinchas Borenstein Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Chen Hoffmann
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Radiology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Tal Yardeni
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andreea Nissenkorn
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Service for Rare Disorders, Pediatric Neurology Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Camila Avivi
- Department of Pathology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Eran Eyal
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Nitzan Kol
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Efrat Glick Saar
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Douglas C Wallace
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - William A Gahl
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, NHGRI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Gideon Rechavi
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Michael Schrader
- Department of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - David M Eckmann
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yair Anikster
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
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23
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Stephen J, Vilboux T, Mian L, Kuptanon C, Sinclair CM, Yildirimli D, Maynard DM, Bryant J, Fischer R, Vemulapalli M, Mullikin JC, Huizing M, Gahl WA, Malicdan MCV, Gunay-Aygun M. Mutations in KIAA0753 cause Joubert syndrome associated with growth hormone deficiency. Hum Genet 2017; 136:399-408. [PMID: 28220259 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-017-1765-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Joubert syndrome and related disorders (JSRD) are a heterogeneous group of ciliopathies defined based on the mid-hindbrain abnormalities that result in the characteristic "molar tooth sign" on brain imaging. The core clinical findings of JSRD are hypotonia, developmental delay, abnormal eye movements and breathing abnormalities. To date, more than 30 JSRD genes that encode proteins important for structure and/or function of cilia have been identified. Here, we present 2 siblings with Joubert syndrome associated with growth hormone deficiency. Whole exome sequencing of the family identified compound heterozygous mutations in KIAA0753, i.e., a missense mutation (p.Arg257Gly) and an intronic mutation (c.2359-1G>C). The intronic mutation alters normal splicing by activating a cryptic acceptor splice site in exon 16. The novel acceptor site skips nine nucleotides, deleting three amino acids from the protein coding frame. KIAA0753 (OFIP) is a centrosome and pericentriolar satellite protein, previously not known to cause Joubert syndrome. We present comprehensive clinical descriptions of the Joubert syndrome patients as well as the cellular phenotype of defective ciliogenesis in the patients' fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshi Stephen
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Division of Medical Genomics, Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, VA, USA
| | - Luhe Mian
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chulaluck Kuptanon
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Courtney M Sinclair
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Deniz Yildirimli
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dawn M Maynard
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joy Bryant
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Roxanne Fischer
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Meghana Vemulapalli
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center (NISC), National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James C Mullikin
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center (NISC), National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marjan Huizing
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - William A Gahl
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - May Christine V Malicdan
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Meral Gunay-Aygun
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics and McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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24
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Anikster Y, Haack TB, Vilboux T, Pode-Shakked B, Thöny B, Shen N, Guarani V, Meissner T, Mayatepek E, Trefz FK, Marek-Yagel D, Martinez A, Huttlin EL, Paulo JA, Berutti R, Benoist JF, Imbard A, Dorboz I, Heimer G, Landau Y, Ziv-Strasser L, Malicdan MCV, Gemperle-Britschgi C, Cremer K, Engels H, Meili D, Keller I, Bruggmann R, Strom TM, Meitinger T, Mullikin JC, Schwartz G, Ben-Zeev B, Gahl WA, Harper JW, Blau N, Hoffmann GF, Prokisch H, Opladen T, Schiff M. Biallelic Mutations in DNAJC12 Cause Hyperphenylalaninemia, Dystonia, and Intellectual Disability. Am J Hum Genet 2017; 100:257-266. [PMID: 28132689 PMCID: PMC5294665 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenylketonuria (PKU, phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency), an inborn error of metabolism, can be detected through newborn screening for hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA). Most individuals with HPA harbor mutations in the gene encoding phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH), and a small proportion (2%) exhibit tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) deficiency with additional neurotransmitter (dopamine and serotonin) deficiency. Here we report six individuals from four unrelated families with HPA who exhibited progressive neurodevelopmental delay, dystonia, and a unique profile of neurotransmitter deficiencies without mutations in PAH or BH4 metabolism disorder-related genes. In these six affected individuals, whole-exome sequencing (WES) identified biallelic mutations in DNAJC12, which encodes a heat shock co-chaperone family member that interacts with phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan hydroxylases catalyzing the BH4-activated conversion of phenylalanine into tyrosine, tyrosine into L-dopa (the precursor of dopamine), and tryptophan into 5-hydroxytryptophan (the precursor of serotonin), respectively. DNAJC12 was undetectable in fibroblasts from the individuals with null mutations. PAH enzyme activity was reduced in the presence of DNAJC12 mutations. Early treatment with BH4 and/or neurotransmitter precursors had dramatic beneficial effects and resulted in the prevention of neurodevelopmental delay in the one individual treated before symptom onset. Thus, DNAJC12 deficiency is a preventable and treatable cause of intellectual disability that should be considered in the early differential diagnosis when screening results are positive for HPA. Sequencing of DNAJC12 may resolve any uncertainty and should be considered in all children with unresolved HPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yair Anikster
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel.
| | - Tobias B Haack
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Trogerstr. 32, Munich 81675, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-1851, USA; Division of Medical Genomics, Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, VA 22042, USA
| | - Ben Pode-Shakked
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; Dr. Pinchas Borenstein Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel
| | - Beat Thöny
- Division of Metabolism, Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Division of Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Zürich, Zürich 8032, Switzerland
| | - Nan Shen
- Division of Neuropediatrics and Metabolic Medicine, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Virginia Guarani
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Thomas Meissner
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Duesseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Ertan Mayatepek
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Duesseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Friedrich K Trefz
- Division of Neuropediatrics and Metabolic Medicine, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Dina Marek-Yagel
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel
| | - Aurora Martinez
- Department of Biomedicine and K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen 5009, Norway
| | - Edward L Huttlin
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Riccardo Berutti
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Trogerstr. 32, Munich 81675, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Jean-François Benoist
- Department of Biochemistry, Robert-Debré University Hospital, APHP, Paris 75019, France
| | - Apolline Imbard
- Department of Biochemistry, Robert-Debré University Hospital, APHP, Paris 75019, France
| | - Imen Dorboz
- UMR1141, PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75019, France
| | - Gali Heimer
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; Dr. Pinchas Borenstein Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel; Pediatric Neurology Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel
| | - Yuval Landau
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Limor Ziv-Strasser
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel
| | - May Christine V Malicdan
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-1851, USA; Division of Medical Genomics, Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, VA 22042, USA; NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Corinne Gemperle-Britschgi
- Division of Metabolism, Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Division of Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Zürich, Zürich 8032, Switzerland
| | - Kirsten Cremer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Hartmut Engels
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - David Meili
- Division of Metabolism, Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Division of Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Zürich, Zürich 8032, Switzerland
| | - Irene Keller
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Bern, Berne 3012, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Berne 3012, Switzerland
| | - Rémy Bruggmann
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Bern, Berne 3012, Switzerland
| | - Tim M Strom
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Trogerstr. 32, Munich 81675, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Trogerstr. 32, Munich 81675, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - James C Mullikin
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center (NISC), National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-9400, USA
| | - Gerard Schwartz
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Bruria Ben-Zeev
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; Pediatric Neurology Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel
| | - William A Gahl
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - J Wade Harper
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nenad Blau
- Division of Neuropediatrics and Metabolic Medicine, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Georg F Hoffmann
- Division of Neuropediatrics and Metabolic Medicine, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Trogerstr. 32, Munich 81675, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Thomas Opladen
- Division of Neuropediatrics and Metabolic Medicine, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Manuel Schiff
- UMR1141, PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75019, France; Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Robert Debré University Hospital, APHP, Paris 75019, France.
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25
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Poretti A, Snow J, Summers AC, Tekes A, Huisman TAGM, Aygun N, Carson KA, Doherty D, Parisi MA, Toro C, Yildirimli D, Vemulapalli M, Mullikin JC, Cullinane AR, Vilboux T, Gahl WA, Gunay-Aygun M. Joubert syndrome: neuroimaging findings in 110 patients in correlation with cognitive function and genetic cause. J Med Genet 2017; 54:521-529. [PMID: 28087721 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2016-104425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Joubert syndrome is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous ciliopathy. Neuroimaging findings have not been systematically evaluated in a large cohort of patients with Joubert syndrome in correlation with molecular genetic cause and cognitive function. METHODS Brain MRI of 110 patients with Joubert syndrome was included in this study. A comprehensive evaluation of brain MRI studies for infratentorial and supratentorial morphological abnormalities was performed. Genetic cause was identified by whole-exome sequencing, and cognitive functions were assessed with age-appropriate neurocognitive tests in a subset of patients. RESULTS The cerebellar hemispheres were enlarged in 18% of the patients, mimicking macrocerebellum. The posterior fossa was enlarged in 42% of the patients, resembling Dandy-Walker malformation. Abnormalities of the brainstem, such as protuberance at the ventral contour of the midbrain, were present in 66% of the patients. Abnormalities of the supratentorial brain were present in approximately one-third of the patients, most commonly malrotation of the hippocampi. Mild ventriculomegaly, which typically did not require shunting, was present in 23% of the patients. No correlation between neuroimaging findings and molecular genetic cause was apparent. A novel predictor of outcome was identified; the more severe the degree of vermis hypoplasia, the worse the neurodevelopmental outcome was. CONCLUSIONS The spectrum of neuroimaging findings in Joubert syndrome is wide. Neuroimaging does not predict the genetic cause, but may predict the neurodevelopmental outcome. A high degree of vermis hypoplasia correlates with worse neurodevelopmental outcome. This finding is important for prognostic counselling in Joubert syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Poretti
- Section of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Neurogenetics, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Joseph Snow
- Intramural Research Program, Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Angela C Summers
- Intramural Research Program, Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Aylin Tekes
- Section of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Thierry A G M Huisman
- Section of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Nafi Aygun
- Division of Neuroradiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kathryn A Carson
- Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dan Doherty
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Melissa A Parisi
- Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Camilo Toro
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, NIH, Maryland, USA
| | - Deniz Yildirimli
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Meghana Vemulapalli
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jim C Mullikin
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Andrew R Cullinane
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington District of Columbia, USA
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - William A Gahl
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, NIH, Maryland, USA.,Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Meral Gunay-Aygun
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Department of Pediatrics and McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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26
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Vilboux T, Malicdan MCV, Roney JC, Cullinane AR, Stephen J, Yildirimli D, Bryant J, Fischer R, Vemulapalli M, Mullikin JC, Steinbach PJ, Gahl WA, Gunay-Aygun M. CELSR2, encoding a planar cell polarity protein, is a putative gene in Joubert syndrome with cortical heterotopia, microophthalmia, and growth hormone deficiency. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 173:661-666. [PMID: 28052552 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Joubert syndrome is a ciliopathy characterized by a specific constellation of central nervous system malformations that result in the pathognomonic "molar tooth sign" on imaging. More than 27 genes are associated with Joubert syndrome, but some patients do not have mutations in any of these genes. Celsr1, Celsr2, and Celsr3 are the mammalian orthologues of the drosophila planar cell polarity protein, flamingo; they play important roles in neural development, including axon guidance, neuronal migration, and cilium polarity. Here, we report bi-allelic mutations in CELSR2 in a Joubert patient with cortical heterotopia, microophthalmia, and growth hormone deficiency. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Vilboux
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, Virginia
| | - May Christine V Malicdan
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joseph C Roney
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Andrew R Cullinane
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC
| | - Joshi Stephen
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Deniz Yildirimli
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joy Bryant
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Roxanne Fischer
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Meghana Vemulapalli
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center (NISC), National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - James C Mullikin
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center (NISC), National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Peter J Steinbach
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - William A Gahl
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Meral Gunay-Aygun
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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27
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Falik Zaccai TC, Savitzki D, Zivony-Elboum Y, Vilboux T, Fitts EC, Shoval Y, Kalfon L, Samra N, Keren Z, Gross B, Chasnyk N, Straussberg R, Mullikin JC, Teer JK, Geiger D, Kornitzer D, Bitterman-Deutsch O, Samson AO, Wakamiya M, Peterson JW, Kirtley ML, Pinchuk IV, Baze WB, Gahl WA, Kleta R, Anikster Y, Chopra AK. Phospholipase A2-activating protein is associated with a novel form of leukoencephalopathy. Brain 2016; 140:370-386. [PMID: 28007986 DOI: 10.1093/brain/aww295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukoencephalopathies are a group of white matter disorders related to abnormal formation, maintenance, and turnover of myelin in the central nervous system. These disorders of the brain are categorized according to neuroradiological and pathophysiological criteria. Herein, we have identified a unique form of leukoencephalopathy in seven patients presenting at ages 2 to 4 months with progressive microcephaly, spastic quadriparesis, and global developmental delay. Clinical, metabolic, and imaging characterization of seven patients followed by homozygosity mapping and linkage analysis were performed. Next generation sequencing, bioinformatics, and segregation analyses followed, to determine a loss of function sequence variation in the phospholipase A2-activating protein encoding gene (PLAA). Expression and functional studies of the encoded protein were performed and included measurement of prostaglandin E2 and cytosolic phospholipase A2 activity in membrane fractions of fibroblasts derived from patients and healthy controls. Plaa-null mice were generated and prostaglandin E2 levels were measured in different tissues. The novel phenotype of our patients segregated with a homozygous loss-of-function sequence variant, causing the substitution of leucine at position 752 to phenylalanine, in PLAA, which causes disruption of the protein's ability to induce prostaglandin E2 and cytosolic phospholipase A2 synthesis in patients' fibroblasts. Plaa-null mice were perinatal lethal with reduced brain levels of prostaglandin E2 The non-functional phospholipase A2-activating protein and the associated neurological phenotype, reported herein for the first time, join other complex phospholipid defects that cause leukoencephalopathies in humans, emphasizing the importance of this axis in white matter development and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzipora C Falik Zaccai
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel .,Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - David Savitzki
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | | | - Thierry Vilboux
- Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Division of Medical Genomics, Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Falls Church, VA, USA
| | - Eric C Fitts
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Yishay Shoval
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Limor Kalfon
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Nadra Samra
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Zohar Keren
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Bella Gross
- Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel.,Department of Neurology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Natalia Chasnyk
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Rachel Straussberg
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - James C Mullikin
- Comparative Genomics Analysis Unit, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,NIH Intramural Sequencing Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jamie K Teer
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Dan Geiger
- Computer Sciences, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Daniel Kornitzer
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion - I.I.T. and Rappaport Institute for Biomedical Research, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ora Bitterman-Deutsch
- Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel.,Dermatology Clinic, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Abraham O Samson
- Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Maki Wakamiya
- Transgenic Mouse Core Facility, Institute for Translational Sciences and Animal Resource Center, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Johnny W Peterson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Michelle L Kirtley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Iryna V Pinchuk
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Wallace B Baze
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX, USA
| | - William A Gahl
- Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert Kleta
- University College, Royal Free Hospital / UCL Medical School, London, UK
| | - Yair Anikster
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ashok K Chopra
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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Shahrour MA, Staretz-Chacham O, Dayan D, Stephen J, Weech A, Damseh N, Pri Chen H, Edvardson S, Mazaheri S, Saada A, Hershkovitz E, Shaag A, Huizing M, Abu-Libdeh B, Gahl WA, Azem A, Anikster Y, Vilboux T, Elpeleg O, Malicdan MC. Mitochondrial epileptic encephalopathy, 3-methylglutaconic aciduria and variable complex V deficiency associated with TIMM50 mutations. Clin Genet 2016; 91:690-696. [PMID: 27573165 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial encephalopathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders that, usually carry grave prognosis. Recently a homozygous mutation, Gly372Ser, in the TIMM50 gene, was reported in an abstract form, in three sibs who suffered from intractable epilepsy and developmental delay accompanied by 3-methylglutaconic aciduria. We now report on four patients from two unrelated families who presented with severe intellectual disability and seizure disorder, accompanied by slightly elevated lactate level, 3-methylglutaconic aciduria and variable deficiency of mitochondrial complex V. Using exome analysis we identified two homozygous missense mutations, Arg217Trp and Thr252Met, in the TIMM50 gene. The TIMM50 protein is a subunit of TIM23 complex, the mitochondrial import machinery. It serves as the major receptor in the intermembrane space, binding to proteins which cross the mitochondrial inner membrane on their way to the matrix. The mutations, which affected evolutionary conserved residues and segregated with the disease in the families, were neither present in large cohorts of control exome analyses nor in our ethnic specific exome cohort. Given the phenotypic similarity, we conclude that missense mutations in TIMM50 are likely manifesting by severe intellectual disability and epilepsy accompanied by 3-methylglutaconic aciduria and variable mitochondrial complex V deficiency. 3-methylglutaconic aciduria is emerging as an important biomarker for mitochondrial dysfunction, in particular for mitochondrial membrane defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Shahrour
- Department of Pediatrics, Al-Makassed Islamic Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - O Staretz-Chacham
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheba, Israel
| | - D Dayan
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - J Stephen
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A Weech
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - N Damseh
- Department of Pediatrics, Al-Makassed Islamic Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - H Pri Chen
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Graduate Partnerships Program, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, and the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - S Edvardson
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Hadassah, Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - S Mazaheri
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A Saada
- Monique and Jacques Roboh Department of Genetic Research, Hadassah, Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | -
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center (NISC), National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - E Hershkovitz
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheba, Israel
| | - A Shaag
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center (NISC), National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - M Huizing
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - B Abu-Libdeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Al-Makassed Islamic Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - W A Gahl
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A Azem
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Y Anikster
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - T Vilboux
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Division of Medical Genomics, Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - O Elpeleg
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center (NISC), National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - M C Malicdan
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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29
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Maglic D, Stephen J, Malicdan MCV, Guo J, Fischer R, Konzman D, Mullikin JC, Gahl WA, Vilboux T, Gunay-Aygun M. TMEM231 Gene Conversion Associated with Joubert and Meckel-Gruber Syndromes in the Same Family. Hum Mutat 2016; 37:1144-1148. [PMID: 27449316 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Joubert and Meckel-Gruber syndromes (JS and MGS) are ciliopathies with overlapping features. JS patients manifest the "molar tooth sign" on brain imaging and variable eye, kidney, and liver disease. MGS presents with polycystic kidneys, occipital encephalocele, and polydactyly; it is typically perinatally fatal. Both syndromes are genetically heterogeneous; some genes cause either syndrome. Here, we report two brothers married to unrelated women. The first brother had three daughters with JS and a son with polycystic kidneys who died at birth. The second brother's wife had a fetal demise due to MGS. Whole exome sequencing identified TMEM231 NM_001077416.2: c.784G>A; p.(Asp262Asn) in all children and the wife of the first brother; the second brother's wife had a c.406T>G;p.(Trp136Gly) change. In-depth analysis uncovered a rare gene conversion event in TMEM231, leading to loss of exon 4, in all the affected children of first brother. We believe that the combination of this gene conversion with different missense mutations led to a spectrum of phenotypes that span JS and MGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dino Maglic
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joshi Stephen
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - May Christine V Malicdan
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jennifer Guo
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Roxanne Fischer
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Daniel Konzman
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | -
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center and Comparative Genomics Unit, Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - James C Mullikin
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center and Comparative Genomics Unit, Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - William A Gahl
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Office of the Clinical Director, NHGRI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, Virginia
| | - Meral Gunay-Aygun
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
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30
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Stephen J, Vilboux T, Haberman Y, Pri-Chen H, Pode-Shakked B, Mazaheri S, Marek-Yagel D, Barel O, Di Segni A, Eyal E, Hout-Siloni G, Lahad A, Shalem T, Rechavi G, Malicdan MCV, Weiss B, Gahl WA, Anikster Y. Congenital protein losing enteropathy: an inborn error of lipid metabolism due to DGAT1 mutations. Eur J Hum Genet 2016; 24:1268-73. [PMID: 26883093 PMCID: PMC4989215 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2016.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) is a clinical disorder of protein loss from the gastrointestinal system that results in hypoproteinemia and malnutrition. This condition is associated with a wide range of gastrointestinal disorders. Recently, a unique syndrome of congenital PLE associated with biallelic mutations in the DGAT1 gene has been reported in a single family. We hypothesize that mutations in this gene are responsible for undiagnosed cases of PLE in infancy. Here we investigated three children in two families presenting with severe diarrhea, hypoalbuminemia and PLE, using clinical studies, homozygosity mapping, and exome sequencing. In one family, homozygosity mapping using SNP arrays revealed the DGAT1 gene as the best candidate gene for the proband. Sequencing of all the exons including flanking regions and promoter regions of the gene identified a novel homozygous missense variant, p.(Leu295Pro), in the highly conserved membrane-bound O-acyl transferase (MBOAT) domain of the DGAT1 protein. Expression studies verified reduced amounts of DGAT1 in patient fibroblasts. In a second family, exome sequencing identified a previously reported splice site mutation in intron 8. These cases of DGAT1 deficiency extend the molecular and phenotypic spectrum of PLE, suggesting a re-evaluation of the use of DGAT1 inhibitors for metabolic disorders including obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshi Stephen
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Division of Medical Genomics, Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Yael Haberman
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Hadass Pri-Chen
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ben Pode-Shakked
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- The Dr Pinchas Borenstein Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Sina Mazaheri
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dina Marek-Yagel
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Ortal Barel
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Ayelet Di Segni
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Eran Eyal
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Goni Hout-Siloni
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Avishay Lahad
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Tzippora Shalem
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Gideon Rechavi
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - May Christine V Malicdan
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Batia Weiss
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - William A Gahl
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Office of the Clinical Director, NHGRI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yair Anikster
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
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31
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Kane MS, Vilboux T, Wolfe LA, Lee PR, Wang Y, Huddleston KC, Vockley JG, Niederhuber JE, Solomon BD. Aberrant splicing induced by the most common EPG5 mutation in an individual with Vici syndrome. Brain 2016; 139:e52. [PMID: 27343256 DOI: 10.1093/brain/aww135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Megan S Kane
- 1 Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, Virginia 22042, USA
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- 1 Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, Virginia 22042, USA
| | - Lynne A Wolfe
- 2 NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director and the National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA 3 Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paul R Lee
- 2 NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director and the National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yupeng Wang
- 1 Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, Virginia 22042, USA
| | - Kathi C Huddleston
- 1 Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, Virginia 22042, USA
| | - Joseph G Vockley
- 1 Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, Virginia 22042, USA 4 Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, 1201 E Marshall St, Richmond, Virginia 23298, USA
| | - John E Niederhuber
- 1 Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, Virginia 22042, USA 5 Adjunct Professor Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Benjamin D Solomon
- 1 Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, Virginia 22042, USA 4 Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, 1201 E Marshall St, Richmond, Virginia 23298, USA 6 Inova Children's Hospital, Inova Health System, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, Virginia 22042, USA
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32
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Yeetong P, Vilboux T, Ciccone C, Boulier K, Schnur RE, Gahl WA, Huizing M, Laje G, Smith ACM. Delayed diagnosis in a house of correction: Smith-Magenis syndrome due to a de novo nonsense RAI1 variant. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170:2383-8. [PMID: 27311559 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We report a 25-year-old female confirmed to have Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS) due to a de novo RAI1 variant. Her past history is significant for developmental and intellectual delay, early and escalating maladaptive behaviors, and features consistent with significant sleep disturbance, the etiology of which was not confirmed for over two decades. The diagnosis of SMS was initially suspected in 1998 (at age 12 years), but that was 5 years before the initial report of RAI1 variants as causative of the SMS phenotype; cytogenetic fluorescence in situ hybridization studies failed to confirm an interstitial deletion of 17p11.2. Re-evaluation for suspected SMS was pursued with RAI1 sequencing analysis in response to urgent parental concerns of escalating behaviors and aggression with subsequent incarceration of the subject for assault of a health professional. Genetic analysis revealed a de novo RAI1 (NM_030665.3) nonsense variant, c.5536C>T; p.Q1846X. This case illustrates the importance of confirming the SMS diagnosis, which is associated with cognitive and functional impairment, as well as significant psychiatric co-morbidities and behavioral problems. The diagnosis was particularly relevant to the legal discussion and determination of her competence to stand trial. As other similar cases may exist, this report will help to increase awareness of the possibility of a very late diagnosis of SMS, with the need for re-evaluation of individuals suspected to have SMS who were initially evaluated prior to the identification of the RAI1 gene. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patra Yeetong
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Faculty of Science, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Botany, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Division of Medical Genomics, Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, Virginia
| | - Carla Ciccone
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Kristin Boulier
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Rhonda E Schnur
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Cooper University Health Care, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, New Jersey
| | - William A Gahl
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Office of Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Marjan Huizing
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Gonzalo Laje
- Washington Behavioral Medicine Associates, LLC, Autism Spectrum Partners, LLC, Maryland Institute for Neuroscience and Development (MIND), Chevy Chase, Maryland
| | - Ann C M Smith
- Office of Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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33
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Pavey AR, Vilboux T, Babcock HE, Ahronovich M, Solomon BD. X-Linked Candidate Genes for a Ciliopathy-Like Disorder. Mol Syndromol 2016; 7:37-42. [PMID: 27194972 DOI: 10.1159/000444666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to interrogate the genome via chromosomal microarray and sequencing-based technologies has accelerated the ability to rapidly and accurately define etiologies as well as new candidate genes related to genetic conditions. We describe a male patient with a lethal presentation of a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome that appeared consistent with a ciliopathy phenotype. The patient was found to have a novel maternally inherited 1.9-Mb X chromosome deletion including 4 known genes. Presently, the biological functions of these genes are not well delineated. However, at least one of these genes may be a promising candidate gene for this pattern of anomalies based on the function of related genes and information from publicly available copy number variant databases of control and affected individuals. These genes would bear further scrutiny in larger cohorts of patients with similar phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh R Pavey
- Department of Pediatrics, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA; Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, Md., Washington, D.C., USA; Division of Medical Genomics, Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Division of Medical Genomics, Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Holly E Babcock
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA; Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Margot Ahronovich
- Fairfax Neonatal Associates, Inova Children's Hospital, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Va., Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Benjamin D Solomon
- Division of Medical Genomics, Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Washington, D.C., USA; Department of Pediatrics, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA; Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Va., Washington, D.C., USA
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Vilboux T, Malicdan MCV, Chang YM, Guo J, Zerfas PM, Stephen J, Cullinane AR, Bryant J, Fischer R, Brooks BP, Zein WM, Wiggs EA, Zalewski CK, Poretti A, Bryan MM, Vemulapalli M, Mullikin JC, Kirby M, Anderson SM, Huizing M, Toro C, Gahl WA, Gunay-Aygun M. Cystic cerebellar dysplasia and biallelic LAMA1 mutations: a lamininopathy associated with tics, obsessive compulsive traits and myopia due to cell adhesion and migration defects. J Med Genet 2016; 53:318-29. [PMID: 27095636 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2015-103416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laminins are heterotrimeric complexes, consisting of α, β and γ subunits that form a major component of basement membranes and extracellular matrix. Laminin complexes have different, but often overlapping, distributions and functions. METHODS Under our clinical protocol, NCT00068224, we have performed extensive clinical and neuropsychiatric phenotyping, neuroimaging and molecular analysis in patients with laminin α1 (LAMA1)-associated lamininopathy. We investigated the consequence of mutations in LAMA1 using patient-derived fibroblasts and neuronal cells derived from neuronal stem cells. RESULTS In this paper we describe individuals with biallelic mutations in LAMA1, all of whom had the cerebellar dysplasia, myopia and retinal dystrophy, in addition to obsessive compulsive traits, tics and anxiety. Patient-derived fibroblasts have impaired adhesion, reduced migration, abnormal morphology and increased apoptosis due to impaired activation of Cdc42, a member of the Rho family of GTPases that is involved in cytoskeletal dynamics. LAMA1 knockdown in human neuronal cells also showed abnormal morphology and filopodia formation, supporting the importance of LAMA1 in neuronal migration, and marking these cells potentially useful tools for disease modelling and therapeutic target discovery. CONCLUSION This paper broadens the phenotypes associated with LAMA1 mutations. We demonstrate that LAMA1 deficiency can lead to alteration in cytoskeletal dynamics, which may invariably lead to alteration in dendrite growth and axonal formation. Estimation of disease prevalence based on population studies in LAMA1 reveals a prevalence of 1-20 in 1 000 000. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT00068224.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Vilboux
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Division of Medical Genomics, Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - May Christine V Malicdan
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yun Min Chang
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer Guo
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Patricia M Zerfas
- Diagnostic and Research Services Branch, Office of Research Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joshi Stephen
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrew R Cullinane
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Joy Bryant
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Roxanne Fischer
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Brian P Brooks
- Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Wadih M Zein
- Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Edythe A Wiggs
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Christopher K Zalewski
- Audiology Unit, Otolaryngology Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrea Poretti
- Section of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Melanie M Bryan
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Meghana Vemulapalli
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center (NISC), National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - James C Mullikin
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center (NISC), National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Martha Kirby
- Flow Cytometry Core, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stacie M Anderson
- Flow Cytometry Core, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Marjan Huizing
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Camilo Toro
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - William A Gahl
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Meral Gunay-Aygun
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Al-kouatly HB, Vilboux T, Fries MH, Young A, Mullikin JC, Malicdan MCV, Stephen J, Huizing M, Gahl WA, Wapner RJ. 104: Prenatal whole exome sequencing identifies genetic causes of congenital heart disease in fetuses with normal karyotype and normal microarray. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.10.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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36
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Malicdan MCV, Vilboux T, Stephen J, Maglic D, Mian L, Konzman D, Guo J, Yildirimli D, Bryant J, Fischer R, Zein WM, Snow J, Vemulapalli M, Mullikin JC, Toro C, Solomon BD, Niederhuber JE, Gahl WA, Gunay-Aygun M. Mutations in human homologue of chicken talpid3 gene (KIAA0586) cause a hybrid ciliopathy with overlapping features of Jeune and Joubert syndromes. J Med Genet 2015; 52:830-9. [PMID: 26386044 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2015-103316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In chicken, loss of TALPID3 results in non-functional cilia and short-rib polydactyly syndrome. This phenotype is caused by a frameshift mutation in the chicken ortholog of the human KIAA0586 gene, which encodes a novel coiled-coil domain protein essential for primary ciliogenesis, suggesting that KIAA0586 can be associated with ciliopathy in human beings. METHODS In our patients with ciliopathy (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov: NCT00068224), we have collected extensive clinical and neuroimaging data from affected individuals, and performed whole exome sequencing on DNA from affected individuals and their parents. We analysed gene expression on fibroblast cell line, and determined the effect of gene mutation on ciliogenesis in cells derived from patients. RESULTS We identified biallelic mutations in the human TALPID3 ortholog, KIAA0586, in six children with findings of overlapping Jeune and Joubert syndromes. Fibroblasts cultured from one of the patients with Jeune-Joubert syndrome exhibited more severe cilia defects than fibroblasts from patients with only Joubert syndrome; this difference was reflected in KIAA0586 RNA expression levels. Rescue of the cilia defect with full-length wild type KIAA0586 indicated a causal link between cilia formation and KIAA0586 function. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that biallelic deleterious mutations in KIAA0586 lead to Joubert syndrome with or without Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy. Furthermore, our results confirm that KIAA0586/TALPID3 is essential in cilia formation in human beings, expand the KIAA0586 phenotype to include features of Jeune syndrome and provide a pathogenetic connection between Joubert and Jeune syndromes, based on aberrant ciliogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Christine V Malicdan
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Division of Medical Genomics, Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - Joshi Stephen
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Dino Maglic
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Luhe Mian
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniel Konzman
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer Guo
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Deniz Yildirimli
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joy Bryant
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Roxanne Fischer
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Wadih M Zein
- Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joseph Snow
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Meghana Vemulapalli
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center (NISC), National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - James C Mullikin
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center (NISC), National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Camilo Toro
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Benjamin D Solomon
- Division of Medical Genomics, Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - John E Niederhuber
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | | | - William A Gahl
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Meral Gunay-Aygun
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Paull D, Sevilla A, Zhou H, Hahn AK, Kim H, Napolitano C, Tsankov A, Shang L, Krumholz K, Jagadeesan P, Woodard CM, Sun B, Vilboux T, Zimmer M, Forero E, Moroziewicz DN, Martinez H, Malicdan MCV, Weiss KA, Vensand LB, Dusenberry CR, Polus H, Sy KTL, Kahler DJ, Gahl WA, Solomon SL, Chang S, Meissner A, Eggan K, Noggle SA. Automated, high-throughput derivation, characterization and differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells. Nat Methods 2015; 12:885-92. [PMID: 26237226 DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.3507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are an essential tool for modeling how causal genetic variants impact cellular function in disease, as well as an emerging source of tissue for regenerative medicine. The preparation of somatic cells, their reprogramming and the subsequent verification of iPSC pluripotency are laborious, manual processes limiting the scale and reproducibility of this technology. Here we describe a modular, robotic platform for iPSC reprogramming enabling automated, high-throughput conversion of skin biopsies into iPSCs and differentiated cells with minimal manual intervention. We demonstrate that automated reprogramming and the pooled selection of polyclonal pluripotent cells results in high-quality, stable iPSCs. These lines display less line-to-line variation than either manually produced lines or lines produced through automation followed by single-colony subcloning. The robotic platform we describe will enable the application of iPSCs to population-scale biomedical problems including the study of complex genetic diseases and the development of personalized medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Paull
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ana Sevilla
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hongyan Zhou
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Aana Kim Hahn
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hesed Kim
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Alexander Tsankov
- The Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,The Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Linshan Shang
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Katie Krumholz
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Chris M Woodard
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bruce Sun
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Division of Medical Genomics, Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - Matthew Zimmer
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eliana Forero
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Hector Martinez
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - May Christine V Malicdan
- Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Keren A Weiss
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lauren B Vensand
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Carmen R Dusenberry
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hannah Polus
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Karla Therese L Sy
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - David J Kahler
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - William A Gahl
- Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institute of Health and National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Susan L Solomon
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Stephen Chang
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alexander Meissner
- The Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,The Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kevin Eggan
- The Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,The Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Scott A Noggle
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, New York, USA
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Celeste FV, Vilboux T, Ciccone C, de Dios JK, Malicdan MCV, Leoyklang P, McKew JC, Gahl WA, Carrillo-Carrasco N, Huizing M. Mutation update for GNE gene variants associated with GNE myopathy. Hum Mutat 2015; 35:915-26. [PMID: 24796702 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The GNE gene encodes the rate-limiting, bifunctional enzyme of sialic acid biosynthesis, uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase (GNE). Biallelic GNE mutations underlie GNE myopathy, an adult-onset progressive myopathy. GNE myopathy-associated GNE mutations are predominantly missense, resulting in reduced, but not absent, GNE enzyme activities. The exact pathomechanism of GNE myopathy remains unknown, but likely involves aberrant (muscle) sialylation. Here, we summarize 154 reported and novel GNE variants associated with GNE myopathy, including 122 missense, 11 nonsense, 14 insertion/deletions, and seven intronic variants. All variants were deposited in the online GNE variation database (http://www.dmd.nl/nmdb2/home.php?select_db=GNE). We report the predicted effects on protein function of all variants well as the predicted effects on epimerase and/or kinase enzymatic activities of selected variants. By analyzing exome sequence databases, we identified three frequently occurring, unreported GNE missense variants/polymorphisms, important for future sequence interpretations. Based on allele frequencies, we estimate the world-wide prevalence of GNE myopathy to be ∼4-21/1,000,000. This previously unrecognized high prevalence confirms suspicions that many patients may escape diagnosis. Awareness among physicians for GNE myopathy is essential for the identification of new patients, which is required for better understanding of the disorder's pathomechanism and for the success of ongoing treatment trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank V Celeste
- Therapeutics for Rare and Neglected Diseases, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Adams DR, Yuan H, Holyoak T, Arajs KH, Hakimi P, Markello TC, Wolfe LA, Vilboux T, Burton BK, Fajardo KF, Grahame G, Holloman C, Sincan M, Smith ACM, Wells GA, Huang Y, Vega H, Snyder JP, Golas GA, Tifft CJ, Boerkoel CF, Hanson RW, Traynelis SF, Kerr DS, Gahl WA. Three rare diseases in one Sib pair: RAI1, PCK1, GRIN2B mutations associated with Smith-Magenis Syndrome, cytosolic PEPCK deficiency and NMDA receptor glutamate insensitivity. Mol Genet Metab 2014; 113:161-70. [PMID: 24863970 PMCID: PMC4219933 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2014.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 04/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The National Institutes of Health Undiagnosed Diseases Program evaluates patients for whom no diagnosis has been discovered despite a comprehensive diagnostic workup. Failure to diagnose a condition may arise from the mutation of genes previously unassociated with disease. However, we hypothesized that this could also co-occur with multiple genetic disorders. Demonstrating a complex syndrome caused by multiple disorders, we report two siblings manifesting both similar and disparate signs and symptoms. They shared a history of episodes of hypoglycemia and lactic acidosis, but had differing exam findings and developmental courses. Clinical acumen and exome sequencing combined with biochemical and functional studies identified three genetic conditions. One sibling had Smith-Magenis Syndrome and a nonsense mutation in the RAI1 gene. The second sibling had a de novo mutation in GRIN2B, which resulted in markedly reduced glutamate potency of the encoded receptor. Both siblings had a protein-destabilizing homozygous mutation in PCK1, which encodes the cytosolic isoform of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK-C). In summary, we present the first clinically-characterized mutation of PCK1 and demonstrate that complex medical disorders can represent the co-occurrence of multiple diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Adams
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Hongjie Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Rollins Research Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Todd Holyoak
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Katrina H Arajs
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Parvin Hakimi
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, USA
| | - Thomas C Markello
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lynne A Wolfe
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Barbara K Burton
- Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Karin Fuentes Fajardo
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - George Grahame
- Center for Inherited Disorders of Energy Metabolism, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Conisha Holloman
- University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Murat Sincan
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ann C M Smith
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gordon A Wells
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Yan Huang
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hugo Vega
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James P Snyder
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gretchen A Golas
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cynthia J Tifft
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cornelius F Boerkoel
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Richard W Hanson
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, USA
| | - Stephen F Traynelis
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Rollins Research Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Douglas S Kerr
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, USA; Center for Inherited Disorders of Energy Metabolism, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - William A Gahl
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Vilboux T, Lev A, Malicdan MCV, Simon AJ, Järvinen P, Racek T, Puchalka J, Sood R, Carrington B, Bishop K, Mullikin J, Huizing M, Garty BZ, Eyal E, Wolach B, Gavrieli R, Toren A, Soudack M, Atawneh OM, Babushkin T, Schiby G, Cullinane A, Avivi C, Polak-Charcon S, Barshack I, Amariglio N, Rechavi G, van der Werff ten Bosch J, Anikster Y, Klein C, Gahl WA, Somech R. A congenital neutrophil defect syndrome associated with mutations in VPS45. N Engl J Med 2013; 369:54-65. [PMID: 23738510 PMCID: PMC3787600 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1301296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophils are the predominant phagocytes that provide protection against bacterial and fungal infections. Genetically determined neutrophil disorders confer a predisposition to severe infections and reveal novel mechanisms that control vesicular trafficking, hematopoiesis, and innate immunity. METHODS We clinically evaluated seven children from five families who had neutropenia, neutrophil dysfunction, bone marrow fibrosis, and nephromegaly. To identify the causative gene, we performed homozygosity mapping using single-nucleotide polymorphism arrays, whole-exome sequencing, immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, electron microscopy, a real-time quantitative polymerase-chain-reaction assay, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, fibroblast motility assays, measurements of apoptosis, and zebrafish models. Correction experiments were performed by transfecting mutant fibroblasts with the nonmutated gene. RESULTS All seven affected children had homozygous mutations (Thr224Asn or Glu238Lys, depending on the child's ethnic origin) in VPS45, which encodes a protein that regulates membrane trafficking through the endosomal system. The level of VPS45 protein was reduced, as were the VPS45 binding partners rabenosyn-5 and syntaxin-16. The level of β1 integrin was reduced on the surface of VPS45-deficient neutrophils and fibroblasts. VPS45-deficient fibroblasts were characterized by impaired motility and increased apoptosis. A zebrafish model of vps45 deficiency showed a marked paucity of myeloperoxidase-positive cells (i.e., neutrophils). Transfection of patient cells with nonmutated VPS45 corrected the migration defect and decreased apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Defective endosomal intracellular protein trafficking due to biallelic mutations in VPS45 underlies a new immunodeficiency syndrome involving impaired neutrophil function. (Funded by the National Human Genome Research Institute and others.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Vilboux
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Nesterova G, Malicdan MC, Yasuda K, Sakaki T, Vilboux T, Ciccone C, Horst R, Huang Y, Golas G, Introne W, Huizing M, Adams D, Boerkoel CF, Collins MT, Gahl WA. 1,25-(OH)2D-24 Hydroxylase (CYP24A1) Deficiency as a Cause of Nephrolithiasis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2013; 8:649-57. [PMID: 23293122 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.05360512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Elevated serum vitamin D with hypercalciuria can result in nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis. This study evaluated the cause of excess 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1α,25(OH)2D3) in the development of those disorders in two individuals. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS Two patients with elevated vitamin D levels and nephrocalcinosis or nephrolithiasis were investigated at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Center and the NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, by measuring calcium, phosphate, and vitamin D metabolites, and by performing CYP24A1 mutation analysis. RESULTS Both patients exhibited hypercalciuria, hypercalcemia, low parathyroid hormone, elevated vitamin D (1α,25(OH)2D3), normal 25-OHD3, decreased 24,25(OH)2D, and undetectable activity of 1,25(OH)2D-24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1), the enzyme that inactivates 1α,25(OH)2D3. Both patients had bi-allelic mutations in CYP24A1 leading to loss of function of this enzyme. On the basis of dbSNP data, the frequency of predicted deleterious bi-allelic CYP24A1 variants in the general population is estimated to be as high as 4%-20%. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study show that 1,25(OH)2D-24-hydroxylase deficiency due to bi-allelic mutations in CYP24A1 causes elevated serum vitamin D, hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis, and renal stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina Nesterova
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Vilboux T, Ciccone C, Blancato JK, Cox GF, Deshpande C, Introne WJ, Gahl WA, Smith ACM, Huizing M. Molecular analysis of the Retinoic Acid Induced 1 gene (RAI1) in patients with suspected Smith-Magenis syndrome without the 17p11.2 deletion. PLoS One 2011; 6:e22861. [PMID: 21857958 PMCID: PMC3152558 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS) is a complex neurobehavioral disorder characterized by multiple congenital anomalies. The syndrome is primarily ascribed to a ∼3.7 Mb de novo deletion on chromosome 17p11.2. Haploinsufficiency of multiple genes likely underlies the complex clinical phenotype. RAI1 (Retinoic Acid Induced 1) is recognized as a major gene involved in the SMS phenotype. Extensive genetic and clinical analyses of 36 patients with SMS-like features, but without the 17p11.2 microdeletion, yielded 10 patients with RAI1 variants, including 4 with de novo deleterious mutations, and 6 with novel missense variants, 5 of which were familial. Haplotype analysis showed two major RAI1 haplotypes in our primarily Caucasian cohort; the novel RAI1 variants did not occur in a preferred haplotype. RNA analysis revealed that RAI1 mRNA expression was significantly decreased in cells of patients with the common 17p11.2 deletion, as well as in those with de novo RAI1 variants. Expression levels varied in patients with familial RAI1 variants and in non-17p11.2 deleted patients without identified RAI1 defects. No correlation between SNP haplotype and RAI1 expression was found. Two clinical features, ocular abnormalities and polyembolokoilomania (object insertion), were significantly correlated with decreased RAI1 expression. While not significantly correlated, the presence of hearing loss, seizures, hoarse voice, childhood onset of obesity and specific behavioral aspects and the absence of immunologic abnormalities and cardiovascular or renal structural anomalies, appeared to be specific for the de novo RAI1 subgroup. Recognition of the combination of these features will assist in referral for RAI1 analysis of patients with SMS-like features without detectable microdeletion of 17p11.2. Moreover, RAI1 expression emerged as a genetic target for development of therapeutic interventions for SMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Vilboux
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Carla Ciccone
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jan K. Blancato
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Gerald F. Cox
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Genzyme Corporation, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Charu Deshpande
- Department of Genetics, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wendy J. Introne
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - William A. Gahl
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ann C. M. Smith
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Marjan Huizing
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Cullinane AR, Vilboux T, O'Brien K, Curry JA, Maynard DM, Carlson-Donohoe H, Ciccone C, Markello TC, Gunay-Aygun M, Huizing M, Gahl WA. Homozygosity mapping and whole-exome sequencing to detect SLC45A2 and G6PC3 mutations in a single patient with oculocutaneous albinism and neutropenia. J Invest Dermatol 2011; 131:2017-25. [PMID: 21677667 PMCID: PMC3174312 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2011.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated a 32 year-old woman whose oculocutaneous albinism, bleeding diathesis, neutropenia, and history of recurrent infections prompted consideration of the diagnosis of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome type 2 (HPS-2). This was ruled out due to the presence of platelet delta granules and absence of AP3B1 mutations. Since parental consanguinity suggested an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance, we employed homozygosity mapping, followed by whole exome sequencing, to identify two candidate disease-causing genes, SLC45A2 and G6PC3. Conventional di-deoxy sequencing confirmed pathogenic mutations in SLC45A2, associated with oculocutaneous albinism type 4 (OCA-4), and G6PC3, associated with neutropenia. The substantial reduction of SLC45A2 protein in the patient’s melanocytes caused the mis-localization of tyrosinase from melanosomes to the plasma membrane and also led to the incorporation of tyrosinase into exosomes and secretion into the culture medium, explaining the hypopigmentation in OCA-4. Our patient’s G6PC3 mRNA expression level was also reduced, leading to increased apoptosis of her fibroblasts under ER stress. This report describes the first North American patient with OCA-4, the first culture of human OCA-4 melanocytes, and the use of homozygosity mapping followed by whole exome sequencing to identify disease-causing mutations in multiple genes in a single affected individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Cullinane
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
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Wamelink MMC, Struys EA, Jansen EEW, Blom HJ, Vilboux T, Gahl WA, Kömhoff M, Jakobs C, Levtchenko EN. Elevated concentrations of sedoheptulose in bloodspots of patients with cystinosis caused by the 57-kb deletion: implications for diagnostics and neonatal screening. Mol Genet Metab 2011; 102:339-42. [PMID: 21195649 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2010.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Revised: 12/03/2010] [Accepted: 12/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Cystinosis is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in CTNS. The most prevalent CTNS mutation is a homozygous 57-kb deletion that also includes an adjacent gene named SHPK (CARKL), encoding sedoheptulokinase. Patients with this deletion have elevated urinary concentrations of sedoheptulose. Using derivatisation with pentafluorobenzyl hydroxylamine and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), we developed a new sensitive method for the quantification of sedoheptulose in dried blood spots. This method can be utilized as a quick screening test to detect cystinosis patients homozygous for the 57-kb deletion in CTNS; which is the most common mutation of cystinosis. Sedoheptulose concentrations in the deleted patients were 6 to 23 times above the upper limit for controls. The assessment of sedoheptulose in a bloodspot from a known cystinosis patient homozygous for the 57-kb deletion retrieved from the Dutch neonatal screening program showed that sedoheptulose was already elevated in the neonatal period. There was no overlap in sedoheptulose levels between cystinosis patients homozygous for the 57-kb deletion and cystinosis patients not homozygous for this deletion. Our presented method can be used prior to mutation analysis to detect cystinosis patients homozygous for the 57-kb deletion. We feel that the presented method enables fast (pre)-symptomatic detection of cystinosis patients homozygous for the 57-kb deletion, allowing early treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M C Wamelink
- VU University Medical Center, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Metabolic Unit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Manoli I, Golas G, Westbroek W, Vilboux T, Markello TC, Introne W, Maynard D, Pederson B, Tsilou E, Jordan MB, Hart PS, White JG, Gahl WA, Huizing M. Chediak-Higashi syndrome with early developmental delay resulting from paternal heterodisomy of chromosome 1. Am J Med Genet A 2010; 152A:1474-83. [PMID: 20503323 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Chediak-Higashi syndrome (CHS) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by variable oculocutaneous albinism, immunodeficiency, mild bleeding diathesis, and an accelerated lymphoproliferative state. Abnormal lysosome-related organelle membrane function leads to the accumulation of large intracellular vesicles in several cell types, including granulocytes, melanocytes, and platelets. This report describes a severe case of CHS resulting from paternal heterodisomy of chromosome 1, causing homozygosity for the most distal nonsense mutation (p.E3668X, exon 50) reported to date in the LYST/CHS1 gene. The mutation is located in the WD40 region of the CHS1 protein. The patient's fibroblasts expressed no detectable CHS1. Besides manifesting the classical CHS findings, the patient exhibited hypotonia and global developmental delays, raising concerns about other effects of heterodisomy. An interstitial 747 kb duplication on 6q14.2-6q14.3 was identified in the propositus and paternal samples by comparative genomic hybridization. SNP genotyping revealed no additional whole chromosome or segmental isodisomic regions or other dosage variations near the crossover breakpoints on chromosome 1. Unmasking of a separate autosomal recessive cause of developmental delay, or an additive effect of the paternal heterodisomy, could underlie the severity of the phenotype in this patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irini Manoli
- Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
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Vilboux T, Kayser M, Introne W, Suwannarat P, Bernardini I, Fischer R, O'Brien K, Kleta R, Huizing M, Gahl WA. Mutation spectrum of homogentisic acid oxidase (HGD) in alkaptonuria. Hum Mutat 2010; 30:1611-9. [PMID: 19862842 DOI: 10.1002/humu.21120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Alkaptonuria (AKU) is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disorder, characterized by accumulation of homogentisic acid, leading to darkened urine, pigmentation of connective tissue (ochronosis), joint and spine arthritis, and destruction of cardiac valves. AKU is due to mutations in the homogentisate dioxygenase gene (HGD) that converts homogentisic acid to maleylacetoacetic acid in the tyrosine catabolic pathway. Here we report a comprehensive mutation analysis of 93 patients enrolled in our study, as well as an extensive update of all previously published HGD mutations associated with AKU. Within our patient cohort, we identified 52 HGD variants, of which 22 were novel. This yields a total of 91 identified HGD variations associated with AKU to date, including 62 missense, 13 splice site, 10 frameshift, 5 nonsense, and 1 no-stop mutation. Most HGD variants reside in exons 3, 6, 8, and 13. We assessed the potential effect of all missense variations on protein function, using five bioinformatic tools specifically designed for interpretation of missense variants (SIFT, POLYPHEN, PANTHER, PMUT, and SNAP). We also analyzed the potential effect of splice-site variants using two different tools (BDGP and NetGene2). This study provides valuable resources for molecular analysis of alkaptonuria and expands our knowledge of the molecular basis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Vilboux
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
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Westbroek W, Tuchman M, Tinloy B, De Wever O, Vilboux T, Hertz JM, Hasle H, Heilmann C, Helip-Wooley A, Kleta R, Gahl WA. A novel missense mutation (G43S) in the switch I region of Rab27A causing Griscelli syndrome. Mol Genet Metab 2008; 94:248-54. [PMID: 18397837 PMCID: PMC2430933 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2008.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2008] [Revised: 02/20/2008] [Accepted: 02/20/2008] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The autosomal recessive Griscelli syndrome type II (GSII) is caused by mutations in the RAB27A gene. Typical clinical features include immunological impairment, silver-gray scalp hair, eyelashes and eyebrows and hypomelanosis of the skin. Rabs help determine the specificity of membrane trafficking steps within cells. In melanocytes, the GTP-bound form of Rab27A associates with the membranes of mature fully-pigmented melanosomes through its geranylgeranyl group. Once attached, Rab27A recruits the downstream effector Melanophilin (Mlph) and the actin-dependent motor protein Myosin Va (MyoVa). The molecular Rab27A/Mlph/MyoVA tripartite complex, which links melanosomes to the peripheral actin network, is required to achieve melanosome transfer to surrounding keratinocytes in the epidermis. Here we report a novel homozygous missense mutation c.127G>A, p.G43S in exon 2 of the RAB27A gene of an Afghani GSII patient. Laser scanning confocal microscopy showed that the G43S mutation, which is located in the highly conserved switch I region of Rab27A, induces perinuclear localization of melanosomes in normal melanocytes, and fails to restore melanosomes to the actin-rich periphery in GSII melanocytes. Co-immunoprecipitation studies showed that Rab27A(G43S) fails to interact with its effector Melanophilin, indicating that the switch I region functions in the recruitment of Rab effector proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Westbroek
- Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Chaudieu G, Vilboux T, Hitte C, Jeannin P, Bourgain C, Queney G, Thomas A, Andre C. 273 Atrophie progressive de la rétine chez le chien Border Collie : une nouvelle forme liée au chromosome X. J Fr Ophtalmol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0181-5512(08)70870-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Vilboux T, Chaudieu G, Jeannin P, Delattre D, Hedan B, Bourgain C, Queney G, Galibert F, Thomas A, André C. Progressive retinal atrophy in the Border Collie: a new XLPRA. BMC Vet Res 2008; 4:10. [PMID: 18315866 PMCID: PMC2324077 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-4-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2007] [Accepted: 03/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several forms of progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) segregate in more than 100 breeds of dog with each PRA segregating in one or a few breeds. This breed specificity may be accounted for by founder effects and genetic drift, which have reduced the genetic heterogeneity of each breed, thereby facilitating the identification of causal mutations. We report here a new form of PRA segregating in the Border Collie breed. The clinical signs, including the loss of night vision and a progressive loss of day vision, resulting in complete blindness, occur at the age of three to four years and may be detected earlier through systematic ocular fundus examination and electroretinography (ERG). RESULTS Ophthalmic examinations performed on 487 dogs showed that affected dogs present a classical form of PRA. Of those, 274 have been sampled for DNA extraction and 87 could be connected through a large pedigree. Segregation analysis suggested an X-linked mode of transmission; therefore both XLPRA1 and XLPRA2 mutations were excluded through the genetic tests. CONCLUSION Having excluded these mutations, we suggest that this PRA segregating in Border Collie is a new XLPRA (XLPRA3) and propose it as a potential model for the homologous human disease, X-Linked Retinitis Pigmentosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Vilboux
- IGDR CNRS, Génétique et Développement, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Rennes1, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France.
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Hédan B, Corre S, Hitte C, Dréano S, Vilboux T, Derrien T, Denis B, Galibert F, Galibert MD, André C. Coat colour in dogs: identification of the merle locus in the Australian shepherd breed. BMC Vet Res 2006; 2:9. [PMID: 16504149 PMCID: PMC1431520 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-2-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2005] [Accepted: 02/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coat colours in canines have many natural phenotypic variants. Some of the genes and alleles involved also cause genetic developmental defects, which are also observed in humans and mice. We studied the genetic bases of the merle phenotype in dogs to shed light on the pigmentation mechanisms and to identify genes involved in these complex pathways. The merle phenotype includes a lack of eumelanic pigmentation and developmental defects, hearing impairments and microphthalmia. It is similar to that observed in microphthalmia mouse mutants. RESULTS Taking advantage of the dog as a powerful genetic model and using recently available genomic resources, we investigated the segregation of the merle phenotype in a five-generation pedigree, comprising 96 sampled Australian shepherd dogs. Genetic linkage analysis allowed us to identify a locus for the merle phenotype, spanning 5.5 megabases, at the centromeric tip of canine chromosome 10 (CFA10). This locus was supported by a Lod score of 15.65 at a recombination fraction theta = 0. Linkage analysis in three other breeds revealed that the same region is linked to the merle phenotype. This region, which is orthologous to human chromosome 12 (HSA12 q13-q14), belongs to a conserved ordered segment in the human and mouse genome and comprises several genes potentially involved in pigmentation and development. CONCLUSION This study has identified the locus for the merle coat colour in dogs to be at the centromeric end of CFA10. Genetic studies on other breeds segregating the merle phenotype should allow the locus to be defined more accurately with the aim of identifying the gene. This work shows the power of the canine system to search for the genetic bases of mammalian pigmentation and developmental pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Hédan
- UMR 6061 CNRS, Génétique et Développement, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Rennes1, 35043 RENNES Cédex, France
| | - Sébastien Corre
- UMR 6061 CNRS, Génétique et Développement, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Rennes1, 35043 RENNES Cédex, France
| | - Christophe Hitte
- UMR 6061 CNRS, Génétique et Développement, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Rennes1, 35043 RENNES Cédex, France
| | - Stéphane Dréano
- UMR 6061 CNRS, Génétique et Développement, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Rennes1, 35043 RENNES Cédex, France
| | - Thierry Vilboux
- UMR 6061 CNRS, Génétique et Développement, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Rennes1, 35043 RENNES Cédex, France
| | - Thomas Derrien
- UMR 6061 CNRS, Génétique et Développement, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Rennes1, 35043 RENNES Cédex, France
| | | | - Francis Galibert
- UMR 6061 CNRS, Génétique et Développement, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Rennes1, 35043 RENNES Cédex, France
| | - Marie-Dominique Galibert
- UMR 6061 CNRS, Génétique et Développement, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Rennes1, 35043 RENNES Cédex, France
| | - Catherine André
- UMR 6061 CNRS, Génétique et Développement, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Rennes1, 35043 RENNES Cédex, France
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