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Donaldson K, Buchanich JM, Grigson PS, Deneke E, Donaldson K, Vrana KE, Sacks DB, Kuehn GJ, Cardamone D, Pesce A, Smiley S, Nickley J, Krock K, Thomas R, Wilkerson ML, Farag HA, Challa SR, Tice AM, Wolk DM, Prichard J, Grant ML, Regmi S, Kerbacher B, Quinton LE, Farag HA, Tice AM, Wolk DM, Olson J, Haynes A, Yu E, McCully KS, Assi J, Wong M, Zarrin-Khameh N, Nifong TP, Hawker CD, Carlton GT, Rivera JM, Foulis PR, Zuraw A, Morlote D, Peker D, Reddy V, Harada S, Crutchfield C, Zander D, Barbhuiya MA, Pederson EC, Straub ML, Scott SC, Neibauer TL, Salter WF, Creer MH, Zhu Y, Bornhorst JA, Theobald JP, Algeciras-Schimnich A, Cao L, Knox J, Hardy R, Texas HJ, McGuire MF, Hunter RL, Brown RE, Hicks J, Hicks J, Cai Z, Brown RE, Ali Y, Cheng KC, Katz SR, Ding Y, Vanselow DJ, Yakovlev MA, Lin AY, Clark DP, Vargas P, Xin X, Copper JE, Canfield VA, Ang KC, Wang Y, Xiao X, De Carlo F, van Rossum DB, La Rivière PJ, Newell J, Hossler C, Roche M, Warrick J, Phaeton R, Kesterson J, Donaldson K, Myers C, Barrios R, Mintz P, Robyak K, Hamilton C, McGhee P, Pederson C, Straub M, Scott S, Neibauer T, Salter W, Creer M, Zhu Y, Hamilton C, Robyak K, McGhee P, Pederson C, Straub M, Scott S, Neibauer T, Salter W, Creer M, Zhu Y, Singh N, Morlote D, Vnencak-Jones C, Yemelyanova A, Harada S, Shah M, Moghadamtousi SZ, Lan C, Duose D, Hu P, Esquenazi Y, Luthra R, Ballester LY, Koenig AN, Liu CG, Zhang J, Kalia A, Al-Habib A, Van Arsdall M, Dhingra S, Patel K, Tatevian N. Abstracts of Presentations at the Association of Clinical Scientists 139 th Meeting Hershey, PA, May 15-18, 2019. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2019; 49:403-416. [PMID: 31308044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Robert E Brown
- UT Health McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Keith C Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Penn State College of Medicine
| | | | - Yifu Ding
- Department of Pathology, Penn State College of Medicine
| | | | | | - Alex Y Lin
- Department of Pathology, Penn State College of Medicine
| | | | | | - Xuying Xin
- Department of Pathology, Penn State College of Medicine
| | - Jean E Copper
- Department of Pathology, Penn State College of Medicine
| | | | - Khai C Ang
- Department of Pathology, Penn State College of Medicine
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Omnivision Technologies, Santa Clara, CA
| | - Xianghui Xiao
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, University of Chicago
| | - Francesco De Carlo
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mauli Shah
- Graduate Program in Diagnostic Genetics, School of Health Professions, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Chieh Lan
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Dzifa Duose
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Peter Hu
- Graduate Program in Diagnostic Genetics, School of Health Professions, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Yoshua Esquenazi
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX
| | - Rajyalakshmi Luthra
- Department of Hematopathology, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Leomar Y Ballester
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | | | - Ali Al-Habib
- The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | - Nina Tatevian
- The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX
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Blume-Jensen P, Berman DM, Rimm DL, Shipitsin M, Putzi M, Nifong TP, Small C, Choudhury S, Capela T, Coupal L, Ernst C, Hurley A, Kaprelyants A, Chang H, Giladi E, Nardone J, Dunyak J, Loda M, Klein EA, Magi-Galluzzi C, Latour M, Epstein JI, Kantoff P, Saad F. Development and clinical validation of an in situ biopsy-based multimarker assay for risk stratification in prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:2591-600. [PMID: 25733599 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-2603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prostate cancer aggressiveness and appropriate therapy are routinely determined following biopsy sampling. Current clinical and pathologic parameters are insufficient for accurate risk prediction leading primarily to overtreatment and also missed opportunities for curative therapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN An 8-biomarker proteomic assay for intact tissue biopsies predictive of prostate pathology was defined in a study of 381 patient biopsies with matched prostatectomy specimens. A second blinded study of 276 cases validated this assay's ability to distinguish "favorable" versus "nonfavorable" pathology independently and relative to current risk classification systems National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN and D'Amico). RESULTS A favorable biomarker risk score of ≤0.33, and a nonfavorable risk score of >0.80 (possible range between 0 and 1) were defined on "false-negative" and "false-positive" rates of 10% and 5%, respectively. At a risk score ≤0.33, predictive values for favorable pathology in very low-risk and low-risk NCCN and low-risk D'Amico groups were 95%, 81.5%, and 87.2%, respectively, higher than for these current risk classification groups themselves (80.3%, 63.8%, and 70.6%, respectively). The predictive value for nonfavorable pathology was 76.9% at biomarker risk scores >0.8 across all risk groups. Increased biomarker risk scores correlated with decreased frequency of favorable cases across all risk groups. The validation study met its two coprimary endpoints, separating favorable from nonfavorable pathology (AUC, 0.68; P < 0.0001; OR, 20.9) and GS-6 versus non-GS-6 pathology (AUC, 0.65; P < 0.0001; OR, 12.95). CONCLUSIONS The 8-biomarker assay provided individualized, independent prognostic information relative to current risk stratification systems, and may improve the precision of clinical decision making following prostate biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David M Berman
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - David L Rimm
- Department of Pathology, Yale University Medical School, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Aeron Hurley
- Metamark Genetics Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Hua Chang
- Metamark Genetics Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Eldar Giladi
- Metamark Genetics Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - James Dunyak
- Metamark Genetics Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Massimo Loda
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eric A Klein
- Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Mathieu Latour
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jonathan I Epstein
- Department of Pathology, Urology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Fred Saad
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Shipitsin M, Small C, Giladi E, Siddiqui S, Choudhury S, Hussain S, Huang YE, Chang H, Rimm DL, Berman DM, Nifong TP, Blume-Jensen P. Automated quantitative multiplex immunofluorescence in situ imaging identifies phospho-S6 and phospho-PRAS40 as predictive protein biomarkers for prostate cancer lethality. Proteome Sci 2014; 12:40. [PMID: 25075204 PMCID: PMC4114438 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-12-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We have witnessed significant progress in gene-based approaches to cancer prognostication, promising early intervention for high-risk patients and avoidance of overtreatment for low-risk patients. However, there has been less advancement in protein-based approaches, even though perturbed protein levels and post-translational modifications are more directly linked with phenotype. Most current, gene expression-based platforms require tissue lysis resulting in loss of structural and molecular information, and hence are blind to tumor heterogeneity and morphological features. Results Here we report an automated, integrated multiplex immunofluorescence in situ imaging approach that quantitatively measures protein biomarker levels and activity states in defined intact tissue regions where the biomarkers of interest exert their phenotype. Using this approach, we confirm that four previously reported prognostic markers, PTEN, SMAD4, CCND1 and SPP1, can predict lethal outcome of human prostate cancer. Furthermore, we show that two PI3K pathway-regulated protein activities, pS6 (RPS6-phosphoserines 235/236) and pPRAS40 (AKT1S1-phosphothreonine 246), correlate with prostate cancer lethal outcome as well (individual marker hazard ratios of 2.04 and 2.03, respectively). Finally, we incorporate these 2 markers into a novel 5-marker protein signature, SMAD4, CCND1, SPP1, pS6, and pPRAS40, which is highly predictive for prostate cancer-specific death. The ability to substitute PTEN with phospho-markers demonstrates the potential of quantitative protein activity state measurements on intact tissue. Conclusions In summary, our approach can reproducibly and simultaneously quantify and assess multiple protein levels and functional activities on intact tissue specimens. We believe it is broadly applicable to not only cancer but other diseases, and propose that it should be well suited for prognostication at early stages of pathogenesis where key signaling protein levels and activities are perturbed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eldar Giladi
- Metamark Genetics Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA ; Current address: Atreca, San Carlos, CA, USA
| | - Summar Siddiqui
- Metamark Genetics Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA ; Current address: Moderna, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Yi E Huang
- Metamark Genetics Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hua Chang
- Metamark Genetics Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David L Rimm
- Department of Pathology, Yale University Medical School, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David M Berman
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | - Peter Blume-Jensen
- Metamark Genetics Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA ; Current address: XTuit Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Weiss WJ, Carney EL, Clark JB, Peterson R, Cooper TK, Nifong TP, Siedlecki CA, Hicks D, Doxtater B, Lukic B, Yeager E, Reibson J, Cysyk J, Rosenberg G, Pierce WS. Chronic in vivo testing of the Penn State infant ventricular assist device. ASAIO J 2012; 58:65-72. [PMID: 22157073 PMCID: PMC3263523 DOI: 10.1097/mat.0b013e318239feb4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Penn State Infant Ventricular Assist Device (VAD) is a 12-14 ml stroke volume pneumatically actuated pump, with custom Björk-Shiley monostrut valves, developed under the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Pediatric Circulatory Support program. In this report, we describe the seven most recent chronic animal studies of the Infant VAD in the juvenile ovine model, with a mean body weight of 23.5 ± 4.1 kg. The goal of 4-6 weeks survival was achieved in five of seven studies, with support duration ranging from 5 to 41 days; mean 26.1 days. Anticoagulation was accomplished using unfractionated heparin, and study animals were divided into two protocol groups: the first based on a target activated partial thromboplastin time of 1.5-2 times normal, and a second group using a target thromboelastography R-time of two times normal. The second group required significantly less heparin, which was verified by barely detectable heparin activity (anti-Xa). In both groups, there was no evidence of thromboembolism except in one animal with a chronic infection and fever. Device thrombi were minimal and were further reduced by introduction of the custom valve. These results are consistent with results of adult VAD testing in animals and are encouraging given the extremely low levels of anticoagulation in the second group.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Weiss
- Department of Surgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.
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5
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Nifong TP, McDevitt TJ. The Effect of Catheter to Vein Ratio on Blood Flow Rates in a Simulated Model of Peripherally Inserted Central Venous Catheters. Chest 2011; 140:48-53. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.10-2637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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Abou-Elella AA, Nifong TP. Composite EBV negative peripheral T-cell lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma involving the ileum: a case report and a systematic review of the literature. Leuk Lymphoma 2006; 47:2208-17. [PMID: 17071497 DOI: 10.1080/10428190600763348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of an intestinal peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) with a concurrent diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBL) involving the ileum and a regional lymph node. The patient presented with an abdominal mass. The terminal ileum showed a diffuse and monotonous population of small CD3-positive T cells. The T-cell receptor gamma (TCRgamma) gene was rearranged by PCR while the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene was not. A separate section of the ileum showed a colliding large B-cell proliferation. The regional lymph node showed a diffuse proliferation of large centroblasts positive for CD20 and CD79a admixed with small T cells and showed a rearranged IgH receptor gene without evidence of a clonally rearranged TCRgamma gene. Both the PTCL and DLBL components were negative for EBV. A review and analysis of the pertinent literature describing composite T- and B-cell lymphomas is performed and reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf A Abou-Elella
- Department of Pathology, Penn State College of Medicine, The Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
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7
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Nifong TP, Ehmann WC, Mierski JA, Domen RE, Rybka WB. Favorable outcome after infusion of coagulase-negative staphylococci-contaminated peripheral blood hematopoietic cells for autologous transplantation. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2003; 127:e19-21. [PMID: 12562288 DOI: 10.5858/2003-127-e19-foaioc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial contamination of peripheral blood hematopoietic cells collected for autologous bone marrow transplantation occurs sporadically. Although transfusion of contaminated hematopoietic cells without adverse clinical sequelae has been reported, detailed guidelines for transfusing cells with contamination are not available. We report a case of autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation that necessitated using multiple aliquots of peripheral blood hematopoietic cells known to be contaminated with coagulase-negative Staphylococcus bacteria. Prophylactic intravenous antibiotic therapy was given with the infusion of contaminated hematopoietic cells. The patient had positive results on a blood culture, but engraftment was successful, and serious adverse effects did not occur. With appropriate microbial identification and prophylactic antibiotic therapy, contaminated hematopoietic products can be safely infused when necessary with a good clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P Nifong
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pa 17033, USA.
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8
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Units of frozen S/D-treated plasma (SDP) must be transfused within 24 hours after thawing. To avoid waste, an attempt was made to determine how long SDP could be therapeutically effective after thawing and storing it at 20 degrees C. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The microbiologic safety and the activity of labile coagulation factors were evaluated in units stored at 20 degrees C of thawed SDP units and FFP within 24 hours of collection (FFP24). Five SDP and FFP24 samples of each ABO blood group were cultured and assayed for coagulation factors daily over 5 days. Assays included FV, FVII, FVIIa, FVIII, F IX, FXI, protein S, antiplasmin, fibrinogen, prothrombin times (PTs), and activated partial thromboplastin times (aPTTs). RESULTS None of the 80 bacterial cultures demonstrated growth under either aerobic or anaerobic conditions. FV, FVIII, F IX, FXI, fibrinogen, and the aPTT appeared to be stable in both thawed FFP24 and SDP. The PT increased slightly in thawed FFP24 and insignificantly in SDP. FVII decreased slightly in FFP24 but remained in the normal range, and FVIIa was low and constant. FVII was increased in SDP and FVIIa was markedly increased. Protein S decreased from initial normal values in FFP24 to very low values. Protein S was very low immediately after thawing in the SDP and continued to decline. Antiplasmin was normal and stable in thawed FFP24 but was low in SDP and remained constant after thawing. CONCLUSION Sterile SDP that is stored at 20 degrees C provides sufficient coagulant activity of labile FV and FVIII to transfuse it for up to 5 days after thaw. Caution is warranted by decreases in Protein S and antiplasmin, clinical evidence of coagulopathy in some recipients of SDP, and a recent manufacturer's warning.
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Abstract
Plasmapheresis is the process by which plasma is separated from whole blood for therapeutic purposes. The primary reason to perform plasmapheresis is to remove immunoglobulins and not to necessarily remove the remainder of the plasma proteins. Nevertheless, most plasmapheresis is performed by centrifugal separation to remove bulk plasma. We have investigated whether electrodialysis and metal ion affinity precipitation can be used to selectively remove immunoglobulins from citrated plasma and potentially serve as an adjunctive technique to centrifugal plasmapheresis. Using a commercial electrodialysis device, we have desalted citrated plasma to separate immunoglobulins from albumin, and have determined the effects of pH adjustment and addition of zinc acetate for concomitant metal ion affinity precipitation. With desalted pH adjusted citrated plasma containing 1.5 mM zinc acetate, we achieved more than 80% recovery of albumin with removal of almost 60% of the immunoglobulin (Ig)G. Almost 80% of polyclonal IgM and 90% of monoclonal IgM was also removed. IgA was not effectively removed under any of the conditions tested. Selective precipitation with electrodialysis and zinc acetate precipitation appears to be an effective technique for the separation of IgG and IgM from albumin in citrated plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P Nifong
- Department of Pathology, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey 17033, USA
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10
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Abstract
Severe hypoxia occurs in patients with acute chest syndrome, and erythrocytapheresis has been shown to improve oxygenation. Patients with sickle cell anemia also have decreased baseline oxygen saturation values, but the effect of erythrocytapheresis on steady-state oxygenation has not been well studied. We investigated the changes in oxygen saturation versus hematocrit, fraction of hemoglobin A, and transfusion volume during 71 prophylactic erythrocytapheresis procedures performed in 5 stable patients with sickle cell anemia. Each patient had a history of either acute chest syndrome or stroke, but no serious events occurred while enrolled in the chronic exchange program. The oxygen saturation improved from 1% to 6% during erythrocytapheresis in each of our patients (p < 0.001) regardless of preprocedure saturation level or total hematocrit. We have shown that decreased baseline oxygen saturation in sickle cell disease is related to abnormal hemoglobin S levels, and oxygen saturation can be improved with erythrocytapheresis, independent of any change in the total hematocrit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P Nifong
- Department of Pathology, Penn State Milton S Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Javeed M, Nifong TP, Domen RE, Rybka WB. Durable response to combination therapy including staphylococcal protein A immunoadsorption in life-threatening refractory autoimmune hemolysis. Transfusion 2002; 42:1217-20. [PMID: 12430681 DOI: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.2002.00193.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few therapeutic options are available for severe, life-threatening, refractory autoimmune hemolytic anemia. CASE REPORT A 53-year-old 110-kg man was seen with acute onset of symptomatic severe anemia with syncope, unstable angina, and jaundice. His nadir Hct was 8.3 percent with a peak total bilirubin of 44 mg per dL. The DAT was positive but the IAT was negative. Elution studies demonstrated an IgG pan-agglutinin antibody reactive at 37 degrees C. Treatment with high-dose corticosteroids and IVIG was instituted. An accessory spleen measuring 2 cm was identified and surgically removed, but the patient continued to have intense hemolysis. Cyclophosphamide at 200 mg per day was started. Apheresis with a staphylococcal protein A immunoadsorption column (Prosorba, Cypress Bioscience, Inc.) was initiated on Day 18 and was performed twice weekly for a total of six treatments. Cyclophosphamide was continued for a total of 14 days. His transfusion requirement ceased by the third immunoadsorption treatment. Forty units of RBCs were required over 23 days in an attempt to maintain a Hct greater than or equal to 15 percent. CONCLUSION Refractory autoimmune hemolysis can be a life-threatening event. The patient did not achieve a response until after several different therapeutic modalities were instituted, including plasmapheresis with a staphylococcal protein A column (Prosorba). A complete response continues to be durable for more than 1 year after therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Acute Disease
- Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use
- Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune/complications
- Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune/drug therapy
- Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune/surgery
- Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune/therapy
- Angina, Unstable/etiology
- Autoantibodies/blood
- Autoantibodies/immunology
- Blood Transfusion
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Drug Resistance
- Hemagglutinins/blood
- Hemagglutinins/immunology
- Hematopoiesis, Extramedullary
- Humans
- Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/therapeutic use
- Immunosorbent Techniques
- Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use
- Jaundice/etiology
- Male
- Methylprednisolone/therapeutic use
- Middle Aged
- Plasmapheresis
- Prednisone/therapeutic use
- Remission Induction
- Spleen/abnormalities
- Splenectomy
- Staphylococcal Protein A
- Syncope/etiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoor Javeed
- Department of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey 17033, USA
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12
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Erythrocytapheresis is used to prevent acute chest syndrome and stroke in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). However, such regimens are associated with significant risks, such as iron overload and potential exposure to transfusion-transmitted infectious diseases. Computer modeling of erythrocytapheresis procedures may help optimize treatments and minimize risks. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Mathematical models based upon material balance equations and patient-specific statistical analyses were developed to estimate HbS levels immediately after erythrocytapheresis and immediately before the next treatment. The equations were incorporated into a software application that was used to model the effects of various treatment values on four patients treated with 90 erythrocytapheresis procedures. RESULTS Immediate postprocedure HbS values were accurately estimated with correlations between measured and calculated values ranging from R(2) = 0.83 to 0.96. Estimates of HbS just before the next treatment correlated well in three patients (R(2) = 0.71 to 0.83) but poorly in one (R(2) = 0.28 to 0.46). Varying the treatment values by computer simulation led to a wide variation in the number of RBC units and the net RBC volume transfused. CONCLUSION Computer modeling of erythrocytapheresis can be used to optimize chronic treatment regimens for SCD patients and potentially to minimize the risks of overtransfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Nifong
- Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
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13
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Nifong TP, Gerhard GS. Physical determinants of line pressures during apheresis. Transfus Sci 1999; 20:167-73. [PMID: 10623357 DOI: 10.1016/s0955-3886(99)00039-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Line pressure changes are inherent to apheresis procedures, although little work has been done to determine their physical basis. We developed a mathematical model in which fluid pressure within apheresis tubing is primarily dependent upon viscosity and hematocrit (HCT). Return line flow rates and pressures during plasma collections for peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) harvest and during plasma exchange procedures using the COBE Spectra were recorded and used to model return line pressures. Pressure estimates were similar to measured values for both PBSC plasma collection (r2 = 0.70) and plasma exchange (r2 = 0.86). HCT and viscosity thus appear to be primary physical determinants that underlie these pressure changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Nifong
- Department of Pathology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey 17033, USA
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14
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Gollin PA, Dua HS, Nifong TP, Kalsow CM. Immunochemical evaluation of S-antigen of rabbit pineal gland. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 1995; 3:171-80. [PMID: 22823239 DOI: 10.3109/09273949509069110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Purified S-antigen of photoreceptor cells induces experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) and experimental autoimmune pinealitis (EAP) in laboratory animals. However, in rabbits, S-antigen induces only EAU without EAP. To evaluate this difference, the authors studied immunochemical reactivity of rabbit pineal gland with a panel of anti-S-antigen monoclonal antibodies (MAb). Rabbit pineal gland reacted with the MAbs by ELISA and immunoblot but not by immunohistochemistry. In contrast, rabbit retina like guinea pig retina, guinea pig pineal gland and bovine retina reacted with these MAbs by immunohistochemistry as well as by ELISA and immunoblot. Also, S-antigen purified from rabbit retina reacted as did bovine and guinea pig S-antigen. Therefore, S-antigen in situ in rabbit pineal gland is different from S-antigen of rabbit retina and different from S-antigen of pineal gland and retina of other species. Just as the MAbs did not react with S-antigen in rabbit pineal gland, it is possible that S-antigen activated lymphocytes may not recognize S-antigen in rabbit pineal gland and thereby not induce EAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Gollin
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
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Abstract
There is no direct verification of pineal gland involvement in human uveitis. Specimens of pineal tissue are not available during active uveitis in human patients. Naturally occurring uveitis in horses gives us an opportunity to examine tissues during active ocular inflammation. We examined the pineal gland of a horse that was killed because it had become blind during an episode of uveitis. The clinical history and histopathology of the eyes were consistent with post-leptospiral equine recurrent uveitis. The pineal gland of this horse had significant inflammatory infiltration consisting mainly of lymphocytes with some eosinophils. This observation of pinealitis accompanying equine uveitis supports the animal models of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis with associated pinealitis and suggests that the pineal gland may be involved in some human uveitides.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Kalsow
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY 14642
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16
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Abstract
Although experimental models of autoimmune uveitis predict pinealitis coincident with uveitis, there is no direct evidence of pineal pathology accompanying a human uveitis. Horses with naturally occurring uveitis are a potential source of eye and pineal tissues that are not available from human patients with active uveitis. We have observed pinealitis in a mare with equine recurrent uveitis. By immunohistochemistry we demonstrated immunoglobulin and MHC Class II antigen on infiltrating and resident cells of eye and pineal gland. These results support the relevance of the animal models and suggest that pinealitis may be coincident with some human uveitides.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Kalsow
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, NY 14642
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