1
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Elizalde-Torrent A, Borgognone A, Casadellà M, Romero-Martin L, Escribà T, Parera M, Rosales-Salgado Y, Díaz-Pedroza J, Català-Moll F, Noguera-Julian M, Brander C, Paredes R, Olvera A. Vaccination with an HIV T-Cell Immunogen (HTI) Using DNA Primes Followed by a ChAdOx1-MVA Boost Is Immunogenic in Gut Microbiota-Depleted Mice despite Low IL-22 Serum Levels. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1663. [PMID: 38005995 PMCID: PMC10675013 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11111663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the important role of gut microbiota in the maturation of the immune system, little is known about its impact on the development of T-cell responses to vaccination. Here, we immunized C57BL/6 mice with a prime-boost regimen using DNA plasmid, the Chimpanzee Adenovirus, and the modified Vaccinia Ankara virus expressing a candidate HIV T-cell immunogen and compared the T-cell responses between individuals with an intact or antibiotic-depleted microbiota. Overall, the depletion of the gut microbiota did not result in significant differences in the magnitude or breadth of the immunogen-specific IFNγ T-cell response after vaccination. However, we observed marked changes in the serum levels of four cytokines after vaccinating microbiota-depleted animals, particularly a significant reduction in IL-22 levels. Interestingly, the level of IL-22 in serum correlated with the abundance of Roseburia in the large intestine of mice in the mock and vaccinated groups with intact microbiota. This short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacterium was significantly reduced in the vaccinated, microbiota-depleted group. Therefore, our results indicate that, although microbiota depletion reduces serum levels of IL-22, the powerful vaccine regime used could have overcome the impact of microbiota depletion on IFNγ-producing T-cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleix Elizalde-Torrent
- Irsicaixa—AIDS Research Institute, 08916 Barcelona, Spain; (A.E.-T.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (L.R.-M.); (T.E.); (M.P.); (F.C.-M.); (M.N.-J.); (C.B.); (R.P.)
| | - Alessandra Borgognone
- Irsicaixa—AIDS Research Institute, 08916 Barcelona, Spain; (A.E.-T.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (L.R.-M.); (T.E.); (M.P.); (F.C.-M.); (M.N.-J.); (C.B.); (R.P.)
| | - Maria Casadellà
- Irsicaixa—AIDS Research Institute, 08916 Barcelona, Spain; (A.E.-T.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (L.R.-M.); (T.E.); (M.P.); (F.C.-M.); (M.N.-J.); (C.B.); (R.P.)
| | - Luis Romero-Martin
- Irsicaixa—AIDS Research Institute, 08916 Barcelona, Spain; (A.E.-T.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (L.R.-M.); (T.E.); (M.P.); (F.C.-M.); (M.N.-J.); (C.B.); (R.P.)
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Cerdanyola del Valles, Spain
| | - Tuixent Escribà
- Irsicaixa—AIDS Research Institute, 08916 Barcelona, Spain; (A.E.-T.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (L.R.-M.); (T.E.); (M.P.); (F.C.-M.); (M.N.-J.); (C.B.); (R.P.)
| | - Mariona Parera
- Irsicaixa—AIDS Research Institute, 08916 Barcelona, Spain; (A.E.-T.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (L.R.-M.); (T.E.); (M.P.); (F.C.-M.); (M.N.-J.); (C.B.); (R.P.)
| | - Yaiza Rosales-Salgado
- Fundació Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain; (Y.R.-S.); (J.D.-P.)
| | - Jorge Díaz-Pedroza
- Fundació Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain; (Y.R.-S.); (J.D.-P.)
| | - Francesc Català-Moll
- Irsicaixa—AIDS Research Institute, 08916 Barcelona, Spain; (A.E.-T.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (L.R.-M.); (T.E.); (M.P.); (F.C.-M.); (M.N.-J.); (C.B.); (R.P.)
| | - Marc Noguera-Julian
- Irsicaixa—AIDS Research Institute, 08916 Barcelona, Spain; (A.E.-T.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (L.R.-M.); (T.E.); (M.P.); (F.C.-M.); (M.N.-J.); (C.B.); (R.P.)
- Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Vic—Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), 08500 Vic, Spain
- CIBERINFEC—ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Christian Brander
- Irsicaixa—AIDS Research Institute, 08916 Barcelona, Spain; (A.E.-T.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (L.R.-M.); (T.E.); (M.P.); (F.C.-M.); (M.N.-J.); (C.B.); (R.P.)
- Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Vic—Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), 08500 Vic, Spain
- CIBERINFEC—ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Aelix Therapeutics, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger Paredes
- Irsicaixa—AIDS Research Institute, 08916 Barcelona, Spain; (A.E.-T.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (L.R.-M.); (T.E.); (M.P.); (F.C.-M.); (M.N.-J.); (C.B.); (R.P.)
- Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Vic—Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), 08500 Vic, Spain
- CIBERINFEC—ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Fight AIDS Foundation, Infectious Diseases Department, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Department of Infectious Diseases Service, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Alex Olvera
- Irsicaixa—AIDS Research Institute, 08916 Barcelona, Spain; (A.E.-T.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (L.R.-M.); (T.E.); (M.P.); (F.C.-M.); (M.N.-J.); (C.B.); (R.P.)
- CIBERINFEC—ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Facultat de Ciències, Tecnologia i Enginyeries, Universitat de Vic—Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), 08500 Vic, Spain
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2
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Bailón L, Llano A, Cedeño S, Escribà T, Rosás-Umbert M, Parera M, Casadellà M, Lopez M, Pérez F, Oriol-Tordera B, Ruiz-Riol M, Coll J, Perez F, Rivero À, Leselbaum AR, McGowan I, Sengupta D, Wee EG, Hanke T, Paredes R, Alarcón-Soto Y, Clotet B, Noguera-Julian M, Brander C, Molto J, Mothe B, Benet S, Cobarsi P, Geleziunas R, Leselbaum AR, Loste C, Meulbroek M, Miranda C, Muñoz J, Naval J, Nieto A, Pujol F, Puig J. Safety, immunogenicity and effect on viral rebound of HTI vaccines in early treated HIV-1 infection: a randomized, placebo-controlled phase 1 trial. Nat Med 2022; 28:2611-2621. [PMID: 36302893 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-02060-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
HIVACAT T-cell immunogen (HTI) is a novel human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine immunogen designed to elicit cellular immune responses to HIV targets associated with viral control in humans. The AELIX-002 trial was a randomized, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate as a primary objective the safety of a combination of DNA.HTI (D), MVA.HTI (M) and ChAdOx1.HTI (C) vaccines in 45 early-antiretroviral (ART)-treated individuals (44 men, 1 woman; NCT03204617). Secondary objectives included T-cell immunogenicity, the effect on viral rebound and the safety of an antiretroviral treatment interruption (ATI). Adverse events were mostly mild and transient. No related serious adverse events were observed. We show here that HTI vaccines were able to induce strong, polyfunctional and broad CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses. All participants experienced detectable viral rebound during ATI, and resumed ART when plasma HIV-1 viral load reached either >100,000 copies ml-1, >10,000 copies ml-1 for eight consecutive weeks, or after 24 weeks of ATI. In post-hoc analyses, HTI vaccines were associated with a prolonged time off ART in vaccinees without beneficial HLA (human leukocyte antigen) class I alleles. Plasma viral load at the end of ATI and time off ART positively correlated with vaccine-induced HTI-specific T-cell responses at ART cessation. Despite limited efficacy of the vaccines in preventing viral rebound, their ability to elicit robust T-cell responses towards HTI may be beneficial in combination cure strategies, which are currently being tested in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Bailón
- Fundació Lluita Contra les Infeccions, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anuska Llano
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Samandhy Cedeño
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tuixent Escribà
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Rosás-Umbert
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mariona Parera
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Casadellà
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Lopez
- Fundació Lluita Contra les Infeccions, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Pérez
- Fundació Lluita Contra les Infeccions, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bruna Oriol-Tordera
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Riol
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERINFEC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Coll
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERINFEC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Projecte Dels Noms-Hispanosida, Bcn Checkpoint, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Felix Perez
- Projecte Dels Noms-Hispanosida, Bcn Checkpoint, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Àngel Rivero
- Projecte Dels Noms-Hispanosida, Bcn Checkpoint, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anne R Leselbaum
- Projecte Dels Noms-Hispanosida, Bcn Checkpoint, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ian McGowan
- AELIX Therapeutics S.L, Barcelona, Spain.,University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Edmund G Wee
- The Jenner Institute, The Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tomáš Hanke
- The Jenner Institute, The Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Roger Paredes
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERINFEC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), Faculty of Medicine. University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia (UVic - UCC), Vic, Barcelona, Spain.,Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institte, Badalona, Spain
| | - Yovaninna Alarcón-Soto
- Fundació Lluita Contra les Infeccions, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Departament d'Estadística I Investigació Operativa, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya/BARCELONATECH, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bonaventura Clotet
- Fundació Lluita Contra les Infeccions, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERINFEC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), Faculty of Medicine. University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia (UVic - UCC), Vic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Noguera-Julian
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERINFEC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), Faculty of Medicine. University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia (UVic - UCC), Vic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Brander
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERINFEC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,AELIX Therapeutics S.L, Barcelona, Spain.,Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), Faculty of Medicine. University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia (UVic - UCC), Vic, Barcelona, Spain.,ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Molto
- Fundació Lluita Contra les Infeccions, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBERINFEC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain. .,Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institte, Badalona, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Mothe
- Fundació Lluita Contra les Infeccions, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERINFEC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), Faculty of Medicine. University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia (UVic - UCC), Vic, Barcelona, Spain.,Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institte, Badalona, Spain
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3
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Rosás-Umbert M, Gunst JD, Pahus MH, Olesen R, Schleimann M, Denton PW, Ramos V, Ward A, Kinloch NN, Copertino DC, Escribà T, Llano A, Brumme ZL, Brad Jones R, Mothe B, Brander C, Fox J, Nussenzweig MC, Fidler S, Caskey M, Tolstrup M, Søgaard OS. Administration of broadly neutralizing anti-HIV-1 antibodies at ART initiation maintains long-term CD8 + T cell immunity. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6473. [PMID: 36309514 PMCID: PMC9617872 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34171-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV)-infected non-human primates, broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) against the virus appear to stimulate T cell immunity. To determine whether this phenomenon also occurs in humans we measured HIV-1-specific cellular immunity longitudinally in individuals with HIV-1 starting antiviral therapy (ART) with or without adjunctive bNAb 3BNC117 treatment. Using the activation-induced marker (AIM) assay and interferon-γ release, we observe that frequencies of Pol- and Gag-specific CD8+ T cells, as well as Gag-induced interferon-γ responses, are significantly higher among individuals that received adjunctive 3BNC117 compared to ART-alone at 3 and 12 months after starting ART. The observed changes in cellular immunity were directly correlated to pre-treatment 3BNC117-sensitivity. Notably, increased HIV-1-specific immunity is associated with partial or complete ART-free virologic control during treatment interruption for up to 4 years. Our findings suggest that bNAb treatment at the time of ART initiation maintains HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cell responses that are associated with ART-free virologic control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jesper D Gunst
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marie H Pahus
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rikke Olesen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mariane Schleimann
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Paul W Denton
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Victor Ramos
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adam Ward
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Natalie N Kinloch
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dennis C Copertino
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tuixent Escribà
- IrsiCaixa, AIDS Research Institute, Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Anuska Llano
- IrsiCaixa, AIDS Research Institute, Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Zabrina L Brumme
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - R Brad Jones
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Beatriz Mothe
- IrsiCaixa, AIDS Research Institute, Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Brander
- IrsiCaixa, AIDS Research Institute, Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain
- Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julie Fox
- Department of Genitourinary Medicine and Infectious Disease, Guys and St Thomas' National Health Service Trust, London, UK
- Department of Genitourinary Medicine and Infectious Disease, The National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Michel C Nussenzweig
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarah Fidler
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, London, UK
- The National Institute for Health Research, Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Marina Caskey
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin Tolstrup
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ole S Søgaard
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
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4
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Benet S, Blanch-Lombarte O, Ainsua-Enrich E, Pedreño-Lopez N, Muñoz-Basagoiti J, Raïch-Regué D, Perez-Zsolt D, Peña R, Jiménez E, de la Concepción MLR, Ávila C, Cedeño S, Escribà T, Romero-Martín L, Alarcón-Soto Y, Rodriguez-Lozano GF, Miranda C, González S, Bailón L, Blanco J, Massanella M, Brander C, Clotet B, Paredes R, Esteve M, Izquierdo- Useros N, Carrillo J, Prado JG, Moltó J, Mothe B. Limited Humoral and Specific T-Cell Responses After SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in PWH With Poor Immune Reconstitution. J Infect Dis 2022; 226:1913-1923. [PMID: 36200261 PMCID: PMC9619620 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We analyzed humoral and cellular immune responses induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; PWH) who had CD4+ T-cell counts <200/µL (HIV<200 group). METHODS This prospective cohort study included 58 PWH in the HIV<200 group, 36 with CD4+ T-cell counts >500/µL (HIV>500 group), and 33 HIV-1-negative controls (control group). Antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (anti-S immunoglobulin [Ig] G) and the receptor-binding domain (anti-RBD IgG) were quantified before and 4 weeks after the first and the second doses of BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 (at week 8). Viral neutralization activity and T-cell responses were also determined. RESULTS At week 8, anti-S/anti-RBD IgG responses increased in all groups (P < .001). Median (interquartile range) anti-S and anti-RBD IgG levels at week 8 were 153.6 (26.4-654.9) and 171.9 (61.8-425.8) binding antibody units (BAU)/mL, respectively, in the HIV<200 group, compared with 245.6 (145-824) and 555.8 (166.4-1751) BAU/mL in the HIV>500 group and 274.7 (193.7-680.4) and 281.6 (181-831.8) BAU/mL in controls (P < .05). Neutralizing capacity and specific T-cell immune responses were absent or reduced in 33% of those in the HIV<200 group, compared with 3.7% in the HIV>500 group (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS One-third of PWH with CD4+ T-cell counts <200/µL show low anti-S/anti-RBD IgG levels, reduced in vitro neutralization activity against SARS-CoV-2, and no vaccine-induced T cells after receiving coronavirus disease 2019 mRNA vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ruth Peña
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Spain
| | - Esther Jiménez
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Ávila
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Spain
| | - Samandhy Cedeño
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Spain
| | - Tuixent Escribà
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Spain
| | - Luis Romero-Martín
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Spain
| | - Yovaninna Alarcón-Soto
- Fundació lluita contra la sida, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Miranda
- Fundació lluita contra la sida, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Spain
| | - Sandra González
- Fundació lluita contra la sida, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Spain
| | - Lucía Bailón
- Fundació lluita contra la sida, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Spain,Autonomous UniversityBarcelona. Spain
| | - Julià Blanco
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Spain,Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916, Badalona, Spain,Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain,CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Massanella
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Spain,CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christian Brander
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Spain,Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain,CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,ICREA, Passeig de Lluís Companys, 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bonaventura Clotet
- Fundació lluita contra la sida, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Spain,IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Spain,Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916, Badalona, Spain,Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain
| | - Roger Paredes
- Fundació lluita contra la sida, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Spain,IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Spain,Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916, Badalona, Spain,Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain,CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Esteve
- Preventive Medicine Service. Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Spain,Autonomous UniversityBarcelona. Spain
| | - Nuria Izquierdo- Useros
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Spain,Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916, Badalona, Spain,CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Carrillo
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Spain,Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916, Badalona, Spain,CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia G Prado
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, 08916, Badalona, Spain,Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916, Badalona, Spain,CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Beatriz Mothe
- Corresponding author: Beatriz Mothe Fight AIDS and Infectious Diseases Foundation IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol Ctra. de Canyet, s/n. 08916 Badalona, Spain Tel. number: + 34 93 497 88 87 Fax number: + 34 93 465 76 02 E-mail:
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Lyonnais S, Sadiq SK, Lorca-Oró C, Dufau L, Nieto-Marquez S, Escribà T, Gabrielli N, Tan X, Ouizougun-Oubari M, Okoronkwo J, Reboud-Ravaux M, Gatell JM, Marquet R, Paillart JC, Meyerhans A, Tisné C, Gorelick RJ, Mirambeau G. The HIV-1 Nucleocapsid Regulates Its Own Condensation by Phase-Separated Activity-Enhancing Sequestration of the Viral Protease during Maturation. Viruses 2021; 13:v13112312. [PMID: 34835118 PMCID: PMC8625067 DOI: 10.3390/v13112312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing number of studies indicate that mRNAs and long ncRNAs can affect protein populations by assembling dynamic ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules. These phase-separated molecular ‘sponges’, stabilized by quinary (transient and weak) interactions, control proteins involved in numerous biological functions. Retroviruses such as HIV-1 form by self-assembly when their genomic RNA (gRNA) traps Gag and GagPol polyprotein precursors. Infectivity requires extracellular budding of the particle followed by maturation, an ordered processing of ∼2400 Gag and ∼120 GagPol by the viral protease (PR). This leads to a condensed gRNA-NCp7 nucleocapsid and a CAp24-self-assembled capsid surrounding the RNP. The choreography by which all of these components dynamically interact during virus maturation is one of the missing milestones to fully depict the HIV life cycle. Here, we describe how HIV-1 has evolved a dynamic RNP granule with successive weak–strong–moderate quinary NC-gRNA networks during the sequential processing of the GagNC domain. We also reveal two palindromic RNA-binding triads on NC, KxxFxxQ and QxxFxxK, that provide quinary NC-gRNA interactions. Consequently, the nucleocapsid complex appears properly aggregated for capsid reassembly and reverse transcription, mandatory processes for viral infectivity. We show that PR is sequestered within this RNP and drives its maturation/condensation within minutes, this process being most effective at the end of budding. We anticipate such findings will stimulate further investigations of quinary interactions and emergent mechanisms in crowded environments throughout the wide and growing array of RNP granules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Lyonnais
- Infectious Disease & AIDS Research Unit, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Villaroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.L.-O.); (S.N.-M.); (T.E.); (N.G.); (X.T.); (M.O.-O.); (J.O.); (J.M.G.)
- Centre d’Etudes des Maladies Infectieuses et Pharmacologie Anti-Infectieuse (CEMIPAI), CNRS UAR 3725, Université de Montpellier, 1919 Route de Mende, CEDEX 05, 34293 Montpellier, France
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (S.K.S.); (G.M.)
| | - S. Kashif Sadiq
- Infection Biology Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences (DCEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Carrer Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
- Molecular and Cellular Modeling Group, Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS), Schloss-Wolfsbrunnenweg 35, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
- Genome Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (S.K.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Cristina Lorca-Oró
- Infectious Disease & AIDS Research Unit, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Villaroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.L.-O.); (S.N.-M.); (T.E.); (N.G.); (X.T.); (M.O.-O.); (J.O.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Laure Dufau
- Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), CNRS UMR 8256 & INSERM ERL U1164, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Faculté des Sciences et d’Ingénierie (FSI), Sorbonne Université, 7 Quai St Bernard, CEDEX 05, 75252 Paris, France; (L.D.); (M.R.-R.)
| | - Sara Nieto-Marquez
- Infectious Disease & AIDS Research Unit, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Villaroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.L.-O.); (S.N.-M.); (T.E.); (N.G.); (X.T.); (M.O.-O.); (J.O.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Tuixent Escribà
- Infectious Disease & AIDS Research Unit, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Villaroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.L.-O.); (S.N.-M.); (T.E.); (N.G.); (X.T.); (M.O.-O.); (J.O.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Natalia Gabrielli
- Infectious Disease & AIDS Research Unit, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Villaroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.L.-O.); (S.N.-M.); (T.E.); (N.G.); (X.T.); (M.O.-O.); (J.O.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Xiao Tan
- Infectious Disease & AIDS Research Unit, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Villaroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.L.-O.); (S.N.-M.); (T.E.); (N.G.); (X.T.); (M.O.-O.); (J.O.); (J.M.G.)
- Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), CNRS UMR 8256 & INSERM ERL U1164, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Faculté des Sciences et d’Ingénierie (FSI), Sorbonne Université, 7 Quai St Bernard, CEDEX 05, 75252 Paris, France; (L.D.); (M.R.-R.)
| | - Mohamed Ouizougun-Oubari
- Infectious Disease & AIDS Research Unit, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Villaroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.L.-O.); (S.N.-M.); (T.E.); (N.G.); (X.T.); (M.O.-O.); (J.O.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Josephine Okoronkwo
- Infectious Disease & AIDS Research Unit, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Villaroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.L.-O.); (S.N.-M.); (T.E.); (N.G.); (X.T.); (M.O.-O.); (J.O.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Michèle Reboud-Ravaux
- Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), CNRS UMR 8256 & INSERM ERL U1164, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Faculté des Sciences et d’Ingénierie (FSI), Sorbonne Université, 7 Quai St Bernard, CEDEX 05, 75252 Paris, France; (L.D.); (M.R.-R.)
| | - José Maria Gatell
- Infectious Disease & AIDS Research Unit, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Villaroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.L.-O.); (S.N.-M.); (T.E.); (N.G.); (X.T.); (M.O.-O.); (J.O.); (J.M.G.)
- Facultat de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer de Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roland Marquet
- Architecture et Réactivité de l’ARN, CNRS UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, 2 Allée Conrad Roentgen, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (R.M.); (J.-C.P.)
| | - Jean-Christophe Paillart
- Architecture et Réactivité de l’ARN, CNRS UPR 9002, Université de Strasbourg, 2 Allée Conrad Roentgen, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (R.M.); (J.-C.P.)
| | - Andreas Meyerhans
- Infection Biology Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences (DCEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Carrer Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig de Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carine Tisné
- Expression Génétique Microbienne, CNRS UMR 8261, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (IBPC), Université de Paris, 13 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Robert J. Gorelick
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701, USA;
| | - Gilles Mirambeau
- Infectious Disease & AIDS Research Unit, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Villaroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.L.-O.); (S.N.-M.); (T.E.); (N.G.); (X.T.); (M.O.-O.); (J.O.); (J.M.G.)
- Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), CNRS UMR 7232, Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Faculté des Sciences et d’Ingénierie (FSI), Sorbonne Université, 1 Avenue Pierre Fabre, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (S.K.S.); (G.M.)
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Solórzano R, Tort O, García-Pardo J, Escribà T, Lorenzo J, Arnedo M, Ruiz-Molina D, Alibés R, Busqué F, Novio F. Versatile iron-catechol-based nanoscale coordination polymers with antiretroviral ligand functionalization and their use as efficient carriers in HIV/AIDS therapy. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:178-186. [PMID: 30507990 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm01221k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A novel chemical approach integrating the benefits of nanoparticles with versatility of coordination chemistry is reported herein to increase the effectiveness of well-known HIV antiretroviral drugs. The novelty of our approach is illustrated using a catechol ligand tethered to the known antiretroviral azidothymidine (AZT) as a constitutive building block of the nanoparticles. The resulting nanoscale coordination polymers (NCPs) ensure good encapsulation yields and equivalent antiretroviral activity while significantly diminishing its cytotoxicity. Moreover, this novel family of nanoparticles also offers (i) long-lasting drug release that is dissimilar inside and outside the cells depending on pH, (ii) triggered release in the presence of esterases, activating the antiviral activity in an on-off manner due to a proper chemical design of the ligand and (iii) improved colloidal stabilities and cellular uptakes (up to 50-fold increase). The presence of iron nodes also adds multifunctionality as possible contrast agents. The present study demonstrates the suitability of NCPs bearing pharmacologically active ligands as an alternative to conventional antiretroviral treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Solórzano
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
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Tort O, Escribà T, Egaña-Gorroño L, de Lazzari E, Cofan M, Fernandez E, Gatell JM, Martinez E, Garcia F, Arnedo M. Cholesterol efflux responds to viral load and CD4 counts in HIV+ patients and is dampened in HIV exposed. J Lipid Res 2018; 59:2108-2115. [PMID: 30213800 PMCID: PMC6210904 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m088153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol efflux (CE) capacity has been inversely associated with atherosclerosis and may provide an insight on inflammation occurring in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) individuals. We address this by studying CE in HIV patients at different stages of HIV disease progression. In this cross-sectional study, CE from ApoB-depleted plasma, lipids levels, viral load (VL), CD4+/CD8+ T-cells, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and lipoprotein (a) were evaluated in untreated HIV-infected patients (UHIVs; n = 43), elite controllers (ECs; n = 8), HIV-exposed seronegative individuals (HESNs; n = 32), and healthy controls (HCs; n = 14). Among UHIVs, those with CD4+ <500 cells/mm3 presented the lowest significant CE, HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), and ApoAI levels. ECs showed similar HDL-C, ApoAI, and CE compared with HCs. Among UHIVs, CE positively correlated with CD4+ T-cell counts (Beta: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02; 1.07), and for VL higher than 3.8 log, CE was inversely associated with VL (Beta: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.51; 0.95). Remarkably, HESNs presented higher CE (0.78 ± 0.14) than UHIVs (0.65 ± 0.17; P = 0.0005), but lower than HCs (0.90 ± 0.13; P = 0.009). hsCRP levels were highest in the UHIV group (0.45 ± 0.49). CE was sensitive to HIV disease progression. Low CE in HIV patients was associated with lower CD4+ T-cells and higher VL and hsCRP. CE was also lower in HESNs compared with HCs. Our results suggest that immune status secondary to HIV progression and exposure influence plasma HDL-CE capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Tort
- Group of Genomics and Pharmacogenomics, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Research Group, Catalan Project for the Development of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccine (HIVACAT), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tuixent Escribà
- Group of Genomics and Pharmacogenomics, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Research Group, Catalan Project for the Development of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccine (HIVACAT), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lander Egaña-Gorroño
- Group of Genomics and Pharmacogenomics, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Research Group, Catalan Project for the Development of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccine (HIVACAT), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisa de Lazzari
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Laboratory of Retrovirology and Viral Immunopathogenesis, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Cofan
- Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain and CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Emma Fernandez
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Laboratory of Retrovirology and Viral Immunopathogenesis, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Maria Gatell
- Hospital Clinic/IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, ViiV Healthcare, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esteban Martinez
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Laboratory of Retrovirology and Viral Immunopathogenesis, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Felipe Garcia
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Laboratory of Retrovirology and Viral Immunopathogenesis, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Arnedo
- Group of Genomics and Pharmacogenomics, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Research Group, Catalan Project for the Development of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccine (HIVACAT), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Bargalló ME, Guardo AC, Maleno MJ, Miralles L, Egaña-Gorroño L, Escribà T, García F, Gatell JM, Arnedo M, Plana M. Utility of Systematic Isolation of immune cell subsets from HIV-infected individuals for miRNA profiling. J Immunol Methods 2016; 442:12-19. [PMID: 28039100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are frequently used for genomic analyses, but several factors can affect the yield and integrity of nucleic acids, including the methods of cell collection and isolation. The goal of this work was to analyze the utility of systematic isolation of different immune cell subsets by immunomagnetic separation and the RNA integrity after isolated cells from samples of HIV-infected patients. METHODS PBMC from Healthy Controls (HC, n=15), Elite Controllers (EC, n=15), Viremic Controllers (VC, n=15), Viremic Progressors (VP, n=15) and HIV-infected patients on therapy (ART, n=15) were isolated by Ficoll-Paque density gradient centrifugation. Subsets were separated with monoclonal antibodies (CD56, CD14, CD4, and CD8) conjugated to microbeads. We evaluated the yield and purity of each subset isolated from PBMCs under resting and activated conditions; LPS, anti-CD3/CD28 and anti-CD16 were used to activate monocytes, PBMC, T cells and NK cells, respectively. The quality of extracted RNA was tested by 2100 Bioanalyzer. RESULTS In resting conditions, the average yield of CD14+ (monocytes) was decreased (p=0.021) in HIV+ patients compared with healthy controls. CD56+ (Natural Killer-NKs; p=0.03) and CD8+ (Cytotoxic T lymphocytes-CTL p=0.001) cells were increased in HIV+ patients after 72h of activation. The purity assay detected significant differences in CD14+ (p≤0.001) and CD8+ (p=0.034) subpopulations when comparing PBMC isolated either from healthy controls or HIV+ patients. The number of activated cells in HIV+ presented differences in CD8 subset (p=0.003). Finally, similar quantities of high quality RNA were extracted from immune cells subsets obtained by our method. Specifically, we show that Bioanalyzer electrophenograms reveal optimal RIN values in HIV positive and negative patients in resting condition (EC:8;HC:6.5;VC:8.80;VP:8;HAART:7.5) and activated condition (EC:9;HC:6.7;VC:8.2;VP:7.2;HAART:8.6). CONCLUSION This method allowed us to obtain a sufficient quantity of different isolated immune cell subsets from HIV-infected individuals at different disease stages. Moreover, the assessed qualities of nucleic acids allow us to perform subsequent molecular studies, such as microRNA profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel E Bargalló
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto C Guardo
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria J Maleno
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Miralles
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lander Egaña-Gorroño
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tuixent Escribà
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Felipe García
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose M Gatell
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Arnedo
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Plana
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Egaña-Gorroño L, Escribà T, Boulanger N, Guardo AC, León A, Bargalló ME, Garcia F, Gatell JM, Plana M, Arnedo M. Differential microRNA expression profile between stimulated PBMCs from HIV-1 infected elite controllers and viremic progressors. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106360. [PMID: 25225963 PMCID: PMC4165582 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The emerging relationship between microRNAs (miRNA) and viral-control is a topic of interest in the field of HIV. Host-genome might play an important role in the control of viremia. The aim of this study was to assess the specific miRNA profile that could contribute to the control of HIV replication in Elite Controllers Results After adequate normalization, expression profile of 286 human miRNAs (hsa-miR) was evaluated in phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated PBMCs from 29 individuals classified in 4 groups: 8 elite controllers (EC; viral load <50 cp/ml without treatment), 8 viremic progressors (VP; VL>5000 cp/ml without treatment), 8 patients under antiretroviral treatment (ART; VL<200 cp/ml) and 5 uninfected individuals (HIV-) through TaqMan Array Human microRNA Cards v3.0. A differential expression pattern consisting of 23 miRNAs became significantly different when comparing EC and VP. Profiling analysis segregated the population in two different blocks: while EC and HIV- clustered together in the same block (EC/HIV-_block 1), VP and ART individuals clustered together in a second block (VP/ART_block 2). Two inversely expressed miRNA patterns were determined within those two blocks: a set of 4 miRNAs (hsa-miR-221, -27a, -27b and -29b) was up-expressed in EC/HIV-_block and down-expressed in VP/ART_block while 19 miRNAs were down-expressed in block 1 and up-expressed in block 2. Differential miRNAs were successfully validated through individual RT-qPCR assays. Conclusions Profile in EC resembled HIV- and differentially clusters with VP and ART. Therefore, differential clustering does not rely on undetectable viremia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lander Egaña-Gorroño
- Group of Genomics and Pharmacogenomics, AIDS Research Group, Catalan project for the development of an HIV vaccine (HIVACAT), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tuixent Escribà
- Group of Genomics and Pharmacogenomics, AIDS Research Group, Catalan project for the development of an HIV vaccine (HIVACAT), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicolas Boulanger
- Group of Genomics and Pharmacogenomics, AIDS Research Group, Catalan project for the development of an HIV vaccine (HIVACAT), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico, Scientific Park of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Crespo Guardo
- Immunopathology and Cellular Immunology, AIDS Research Group, Catalan project for the development of an HIV vaccine (HIVACAT), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agathe León
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Enric Bargalló
- Immunopathology and Cellular Immunology, AIDS Research Group, Catalan project for the development of an HIV vaccine (HIVACAT), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Felipe Garcia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José María Gatell
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Plana
- Immunopathology and Cellular Immunology, AIDS Research Group, Catalan project for the development of an HIV vaccine (HIVACAT), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Arnedo
- Group of Genomics and Pharmacogenomics, AIDS Research Group, Catalan project for the development of an HIV vaccine (HIVACAT), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Egaña-Gorroño L, Martínez E, Pérez I, Escribà T, Domingo P, Gatell JM, Arnedo M. Contribution of genetic background and antiretroviral therapy to body fat changes in antiretroviral-naive HIV-infected adults. J Antimicrob Chemother 2014; 69:3076-84. [PMID: 25185137 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dku266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the association of host genetics with changes in limb or trunk fat in a group of antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive HIV-infected patients prospectively followed up according to the initiation and the type of ART. METHODS Fifty single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 26 genes, associated with obesity, insulin resistance, lipid metabolism or lipodystrophy in previously published genetic studies, were assessed in ART-naive HIV-infected Caucasian patients divided into three groups: 24 (27%) did not start ART, 29 (32.6%) received zidovudine or stavudine and 36 (40.4%) received neither zidovudine nor stavudine in their initial regimen. Patients underwent body fat measurements (using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) at baseline and Month 12. A multivariate model using backward stepwise elimination was used to assess the influence of SNPs and baseline levels of non-genetic covariates on changes in limb or trunk fat. RESULTS The baseline characteristics were: 73% men, 17% coinfected with hepatitis C virus and/or hepatitis B virus, median age 37 years, median CD4+ T cell count 228/mm(3), median HIV-RNA 5.2 log copies/mL, median plasma glucose 85 mg/dL, median plasma insulin 9.1 IU/mL, median limb fat 5.6 kg and median trunk fat 7.0 kg. There were no baseline differences among the three groups except for the CD4+ T cell count. The decrease in limb fat was greater in the no-ART group relative to the other two groups (P < 0.05). The multivariate model showed associations of rs1801278 in IRS1 (P = 0.029, OR = 0.13), baseline viral load (P = 0.006; OR = 4.453) and baseline glucose levels (P = 0.008, OR = 0.926) with loss of limb fat, and rs2228671 in LDLR (P = 0.012, OR = 0.108), rs405509 in APOE (P = 0.048, OR = 0.205), baseline viral load (P = 0.005, OR = 0.186) and baseline CD4+ T cell count (P = 0.01, OR = 1.008) with gain of trunk fat. CONCLUSIONS Specific polymorphisms in IRS1 (limb fat loss) and LDLR and APOE (trunk fat gain) were identified as independent markers of fat changes irrespective of the initiation of ART and the type of ART and deserve further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Egaña-Gorroño
- Group of Genomics and Pharmacogenomics, Retrovirology and Viral Immunopathology Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Martínez
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Pérez
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - T Escribà
- Group of Genomics and Pharmacogenomics, Retrovirology and Viral Immunopathology Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Domingo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J M Gatell
- Group of Genomics and Pharmacogenomics, Retrovirology and Viral Immunopathology Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Arnedo
- Group of Genomics and Pharmacogenomics, Retrovirology and Viral Immunopathology Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
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Egaña-Gorroño L, Martínez E, Escribà T, Calvo M, Gatell JM, Arnedo M. Association study of lipoprotein(a) genetic markers, traditional risk factors, and coronary heart disease in HIV-1-infected patients. Front Immunol 2012; 3:367. [PMID: 23230442 PMCID: PMC3515864 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 11/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: General population studies have shown associations between copy number variation (CNV) of the LPA gene Kringle-IV type-2 (KIV-2) coding region, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs6415084 in LPA and coronary heart disease (CHD). Because risk factors for HIV-infected patients may differ from the general population, we aimed to assess whether these potential associations also occur in HIV-infected patients. Methods: A unicenter, retrospective, case–control (1:3) study. Eighteen HIV-patients with confirmed diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were adjusted for age, gender, and time since HIV diagnosis to 54 HIV-patients without CHD. After gDNA extraction from frozen blood, both CNV and SNP genotyping were performed using real-time quantitative PCR. All genetic and non-genetic variables for AMI were assessed in a logistic regression analysis. Results: Our results did not confirm any association in terms of lipoprotein(a) LPA structural genetic variants when comparing KIV-2 CNV (p = 0.67) and SNP genotypes (p = 0.44) between AMI cases and controls. However, traditional risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and CD4+ T cell count showed association (p < 0.05) with CHD. Conclusion: Although significant associations of AMI with diabetes, hypertension and CD4+ T cell count in HIV-patients were found, this study could not confirm the feasibility neither of KIV-2 CNV nor rs6415084 in LPA as genetic markers of CHD in HIV-infected patients. Highlights: ● Individuals with HIV infection are at higher risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) than the non-infected population. ● Our results showed no evidence of LPA structural genetic variants associated with CHD in HIV-1-infected patients. ● Associations were found between diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, CD4+ T cell count, and CHD. ● The clinical usefulness of these biomarkers to predict CHD in HIV-1-infected population remains unproven. ● Further studies are needed to assess the contribution of common genetic variations to CHD in HIV-infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lander Egaña-Gorroño
- Group of Genomics and Pharmacogenomics in HIV, Retrovirology and Viral Immunopathology Laboratory, Institut D'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic Barcelona Barcelona, Spain
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