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Camilo Dos Santos JC, Ribeiro Silva DM, Jardim Amorim D, do Rosário Rosa V, Farias Dos Santos AL, Domingues Velini E, Carbonari CA, de Almeida Silva M. Glyphosate hormesis attenuates water deficit stress in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) by modulating physiological and biochemical mediators. Sci Total Environ 2022; 810:152204. [PMID: 34902413 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Changes in photosynthetic machinery can induce physiological and biochemical damage in plants. Low doses of glyphosate have been shown to exert a positive effect in mitigating the deleterious effects of water deficit in plants. Here, the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of safflower plants (Carthamus tinctorius L.) were studied under conditions of water deficit mediated by the attenuating effect of low-dose glyphosate. The plants were divided into two groups of water regimes in soil, without water deficit (-10 kPa) and with water deficit (-70 kPa), and were exposed to different concentrations of glyphosate (0, 1.8, 3.6, 7.2, 18, 36, 72, 180, 360, and 720 g a.e. ha-1). Evident protective responses at the physiological and biochemical levels were obtained after applying low doses of glyphosate to plants under water deficit, with a limiting dose for the occurrence of hormesis (LDS) = 72 g a.e. ha-1. The water deficit in plants resulted in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation and consequently lipid peroxidation (LPO) associated with the accumulation of shikimic acid and glyphosate in plants, which triggered an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) that act by dismuting the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), maintaining, and/or increasing the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), effective quantum yield of photosystem II (ΦPSII), electron transport rate (ETR), photochemical extinction coefficient (qP), and non-photochemical extinction coefficient (NPQ). APX appears to be the main enzyme involved in eliminating H2O2. Low doses of glyphosate act as water deficit ameliorators, allowing the plant to maintain/increase metabolism at physiological and biochemical levels by activating antioxidant enzymes in the dismutation of ROS in safflower plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jania Claudia Camilo Dos Santos
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Crop Production, Laboratory of Ecophysiology Applied to Agriculture (LECA), 18610-034 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Dayane Mércia Ribeiro Silva
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Crop Production, Laboratory of Ecophysiology Applied to Agriculture (LECA), 18610-034 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Deoclecio Jardim Amorim
- University of São Paulo (USP), College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz" (ESALQ), Department of Exact Sciences, 13418-900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa do Rosário Rosa
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Crop Production, Laboratory of Ecophysiology Applied to Agriculture (LECA), 18610-034 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Anna Luiza Farias Dos Santos
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Crop Production, Laboratory of Ecophysiology Applied to Agriculture (LECA), 18610-034 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Edivaldo Domingues Velini
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Crop Protection, Center for Advanced Research on Weeds, 18610-034 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Caio Antonio Carbonari
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Crop Protection, Center for Advanced Research on Weeds, 18610-034 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo de Almeida Silva
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Crop Production, Laboratory of Ecophysiology Applied to Agriculture (LECA), 18610-034 Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
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do Rosário Rosa V, Farias Dos Santos AL, Alves da Silva A, Peduti Vicentini Sab M, Germino GH, Barcellos Cardoso F, de Almeida Silva M. Increased soybean tolerance to water deficiency through biostimulant based on fulvic acids and Ascophyllum nodosum (L.) seaweed extract. Plant Physiol Biochem 2021; 158:228-243. [PMID: 33218845 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
To meet the growing demand for soybean it is necessary to increase crop yield, even in low water availability conditions. To circumvent the negative effects of water deficit, application of biostimulants with anti-stress effect has been adopted, including products based on fulvic acids and Ascophyllum nodosum (L.) seaweed extracts. In this study, we determined which formulation and dosage of a biostimulant is more efficient in promoting the recovery of soybean plants after stress due to water deficit. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in a double-factorial randomized block design with two additional factors, four repetitions and eleven treatments consisting of three biostimulant formulations (F1, F2 and F3), and three dosages (0.25; 0.50 and 1.0 kg ha-1); a control with water deficit and a control without water deficit. Soybean plants were kept at 50% of the pot's water capacity for three days, then rehydrated and submitted to the application of treatments with biostimulant. After two days of recovery, growth, physiological, biochemical and yield parameters were evaluated. All plants that received the application of the biostimulant produced more than the water-stressed control plants. The biostimulant provided higher photosynthetic rates, more efficient mechanisms for dissipating excess energy and higher activities of antioxidant enzymes. Plants treated with biostimulant were more efficient in the recovery of the metabolic activities after rewatering, resulting in increased soybean tolerance to water deficit and reduced yield losses. The best result obtained was through the application of formulation 2 of the biostimulant at a dosage of 0.25 kg ha-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa do Rosário Rosa
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology Applied to Agriculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
| | - Anna Luiza Farias Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology Applied to Agriculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
| | - Adinan Alves da Silva
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Crop Production, Federal Goianian Institute (IF Goiano), Campus Rio Verde, GO, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Peduti Vicentini Sab
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology Applied to Agriculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Henrique Germino
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology Applied to Agriculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Marcelo de Almeida Silva
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology Applied to Agriculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
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