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Li RJ, Tarzia A, Posligua V, Jelfs KE, Sanchez N, Marcus A, Baksi A, Clever GH, Fadaei-Tirani F, Severin K. Orientational self-sorting in cuboctahedral Pd cages. Chem Sci 2022; 13:11912-11917. [PMID: 36320919 PMCID: PMC9580501 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03856k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cuboctahedral coordination cages of the general formula [Pd12L24]24+ (L = low-symmetry ligand) were analyzed theoretically and experimentally. With 350 696 potential isomers, the structural space of these assemblies is vast. Orientational self-sorting refers to the preferential formation of particular isomers within the pool of potential structures. Geometric and computational analyses predict the preferred formation of cages with a cis arrangement at the metal centers. This prediction was corroborated experimentally by synthesizing a [Pd12L24]24+ cage with a bridging 3-(4-(pyridin-4-yl)phenyl)pyridine ligand. A crystallographic analysis of this assembly showed exclusive cis coordination of the 3- and the 4-pyridyl donor groups at the Pd2+ ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Jin Li
- Institut of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Lausanne 1015 Switzerland
| | - Andrew Tarzia
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Victor Posligua
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Kim E Jelfs
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | | | - Adam Marcus
- Institut of Mathematics, EPFL Lausanne 1015 Switzerland
| | - Ananya Baksi
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Universität Dortmund Dortmund 44227 Germany
| | - Guido H Clever
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Universität Dortmund Dortmund 44227 Germany
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei-Tirani
- Institut of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Lausanne 1015 Switzerland
| | - Kay Severin
- Institut of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Lausanne 1015 Switzerland
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Abstract
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Novel functional materials are urgently needed to help
combat the
major global challenges facing humanity, such as climate change and
resource scarcity. Yet, the traditional experimental materials discovery
process is slow and the material space at our disposal is too vast
to effectively explore using intuition-guided experimentation alone.
Most experimental materials discovery programs necessarily focus on
exploring the local space of known materials, so we are not fully
exploiting the enormous potential material space, where more novel
materials with unique properties may exist. Computation, facilitated
by improvements in open-source software and databases, as well as
computer hardware has the potential to significantly accelerate the
rational development of materials, but all too often is only used
to postrationalize experimental observations. Thus, the true predictive
power of computation, where theory leads experimentation, is not fully
utilized. Here, we discuss the challenges to successful implementation
of computation-driven materials discovery workflows, and then focus
on the progress of the field, with a particular emphasis on the challenges
to reaching novel materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin M Mroz
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Victor Posligua
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Andrew Tarzia
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Emma H Wolpert
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Kim E Jelfs
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, U.K
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Hoyas Pérez N, Sherin PS, Posligua V, Greenfield JL, Fuchter MJ, Jelfs KE, Kuimova MK, Lewis JEM. Emerging properties from mechanical tethering within a post-synthetically functionalised catenane scaffold. Chem Sci 2022; 13:11368-11375. [DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04101d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a post-synthetic modification strategy we have prepared a series of functionalised [2]catenanes to study the impact of mechanically-enforced proximity on functional group properties, including emission, electrochemistry and photoreactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Hoyas Pérez
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Peter S. Sherin
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Victor Posligua
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Jake L. Greenfield
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Matthew J. Fuchter
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Kim E. Jelfs
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Marina K. Kuimova
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - James E. M. Lewis
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK
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Posligua V, Bustamante J, Zambrano CH, Harris PJF, Grau-Crespo R. The closed-edge structure of graphite and the effect of electrostatic charging. RSC Adv 2020; 10:7994-8001. [PMID: 35492145 PMCID: PMC9049950 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09913a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The properties of graphite, and of few-layer graphene, can be strongly influenced by the edge structure of the graphene planes, but there is still much that we do not understand about the geometry and stability of these edges. We present an experimental and theoretical study of the closed edges of graphite crystals, and of the effect of an electric field on their structure. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy is used to image the edge structure of fresh graphite and of graphite that has been exposed to an electric field, which experiences a separation of the graphene layers. Computer simulations based on density functional theory are used to rationalise and quantify the preference for the formation of multiple concentric loops at the edges. A model is also presented to explain how the application of an electric field leads to the separation of the folded edges. DFT simulations unravel the thermodynamics of folded edges in graphite, and explain why an electric field can open the loops.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Posligua
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Reading
- Reading RG6 6AD
- UK
| | - Joana Bustamante
- Departamento de Química
- Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja
- Loja 1101608
- Ecuador
| | - Cesar H. Zambrano
- Instituto de Simulación Computacional (ISC-USFQ)
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito
- 17-1200-841 Quito
- Ecuador
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5
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Genovese C, Schuster ME, Gibson EK, Gianolio D, Posligua V, Grau-Crespo R, Cibin G, Wells PP, Garai D, Solokha V, Krick Calderon S, Velasco-Velez JJ, Ampelli C, Perathoner S, Held G, Centi G, Arrigo R. Operando spectroscopy study of the carbon dioxide electro-reduction by iron species on nitrogen-doped carbon. Nat Commun 2018; 9:935. [PMID: 29507285 PMCID: PMC5838105 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03138-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The carbon-carbon coupling via electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide represents the biggest challenge for using this route as platform for chemicals synthesis. Here we show that nanostructured iron (III) oxyhydroxide on nitrogen-doped carbon enables high Faraday efficiency (97.4%) and selectivity to acetic acid (61%) at very-low potential (-0.5 V vs silver/silver chloride). Using a combination of electron microscopy, operando X-ray spectroscopy techniques and density functional theory simulations, we correlate the activity to acetic acid at this potential to the formation of nitrogen-coordinated iron (II) sites as single atoms or polyatomic species at the interface between iron oxyhydroxide and the nitrogen-doped carbon. The evolution of hydrogen is correlated to the formation of metallic iron and observed as dominant reaction path over iron oxyhydroxide on oxygen-doped carbon in the overall range of negative potential investigated, whereas over iron oxyhydroxide on nitrogen-doped carbon it becomes important only at more negative potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Genovese
- Department of Chemical, Biological Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, ERIC aisbl and CASPE/INSTM, V.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Emma K Gibson
- UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH), Harwell, Oxforshire, OX11 0FA, UK
- Department of Chemistry, UCL, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1 0AJ, UK
| | - Diego Gianolio
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Victor Posligua
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AD, UK
| | - Ricardo Grau-Crespo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AD, UK
| | - Giannantonio Cibin
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Peter P Wells
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Debi Garai
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Vladyslav Solokha
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | | | - Juan J Velasco-Velez
- Max-Planck Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstr. 34 - 36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Claudio Ampelli
- Department of Chemical, Biological Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, ERIC aisbl and CASPE/INSTM, V.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Siglinda Perathoner
- Department of Chemical, Biological Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, ERIC aisbl and CASPE/INSTM, V.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Georg Held
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AD, UK
| | - Gabriele Centi
- Department of Mathematical, Computer, Physical and Earth Sciences - University of Messina, ERIC aisbl and CASPE/INSTM, V.le F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Rosa Arrigo
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AD, UK.
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