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DeBarry JD, Nural MV, Pakala SB, Nayak V, Warrenfeltz S, Humphrey J, Lapp SA, Cabrera-Mora M, Brito CFA, Jiang J, Saney CL, Hankus A, Stealey HM, DeBarry MB, Lackman N, Legall N, Lee K, Tang Y, Gupta A, Trippe ED, Bridger RR, Weatherly DB, Peterson MS, Jiang X, Tran V, Uppal K, Fonseca LL, Joyner CJ, Karpuzoglu E, Cordy RJ, Meyer EVS, Wells LL, Ory DS, Lee FEH, Tirouvanziam R, Gutiérrez JB, Ibegbu C, Lamb TJ, Pohl J, Pruett ST, Jones DP, Styczynski MP, Voit EO, Moreno A, Galinski MR, Kissinger JC. MaHPIC malaria systems biology data from Plasmodium cynomolgi sporozoite longitudinal infections in macaques. Sci Data 2022; 9:722. [PMID: 36433985 PMCID: PMC9700667 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01755-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium cynomolgi causes zoonotic malarial infections in Southeast Asia and this parasite species is important as a model for Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium ovale. Each of these species produces hypnozoites in the liver, which can cause relapsing infections in the blood. Here we present methods and data generated from iterative longitudinal systems biology infection experiments designed and performed by the Malaria Host-Pathogen Interaction Center (MaHPIC) to delve deeper into the biology, pathogenesis, and immune responses of P. cynomolgi in the Macaca mulatta host. Infections were initiated by sporozoite inoculation. Blood and bone marrow samples were collected at defined timepoints for biological and computational experiments and integrative analyses revolving around primary illness, relapse illness, and subsequent disease and immune response patterns. Parasitological, clinical, haematological, immune response, and -omic datasets (transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics) including metadata and computational results have been deposited in public repositories. The scope and depth of these datasets are unprecedented in studies of malaria, and they are projected to be a F.A.I.R., reliable data resource for decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy D DeBarry
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Mustafa V Nural
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Suman B Pakala
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Vishal Nayak
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Cancer Data Science Initiatives, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Post Office Box B, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Susanne Warrenfeltz
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Jay Humphrey
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Stacey A Lapp
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes/Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Monica Cabrera-Mora
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes/Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Cristiana F A Brito
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes/Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
- Laboratório de Malária, Instituto René Rachou/Fiocruz Minas, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30190 009, Brazil
| | - Jianlin Jiang
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes/Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Celia L Saney
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes/Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30605, USA
| | - Allison Hankus
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes/Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
- Senior Public Health Informaticist, MITRE Corp, Atlanta, GA, 30345, USA
| | - Hannah M Stealey
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Megan B DeBarry
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Nicolas Lackman
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Noah Legall
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Interdisciplinary Disease Ecology Across Scales Research Traineeship Program, Institute of Bioinformatics, Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Kevin Lee
- Center for Integrative Genomics, School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Yan Tang
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Anuj Gupta
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Valted Seq, 704 Quince Orchard Rd, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Elizabeth D Trippe
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Federal Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
| | - Robert R Bridger
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Daniel Brent Weatherly
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Mariko S Peterson
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes/Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Xuntian Jiang
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - ViLinh Tran
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Karan Uppal
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Luis L Fonseca
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32603, USA
| | - Chester J Joyner
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes/Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Disease, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Ebru Karpuzoglu
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes/Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
- Department of Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Regina J Cordy
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes/Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, 27103, USA
| | - Esmeralda V S Meyer
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes/Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
- Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee, Research Compliance and Research Integrity Office, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Lance L Wells
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Daniel S Ory
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Casma Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - F Eun-Hyung Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Rabindra Tirouvanziam
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Juan B Gutiérrez
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Mathematics, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Chris Ibegbu
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes/Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Tracey J Lamb
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Yerkes/Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Jan Pohl
- Biotechnology Core Facility Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA
| | - Sarah T Pruett
- Yerkes/Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Dean P Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Mark P Styczynski
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Eberhard O Voit
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Alberto Moreno
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Mary R Galinski
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes/Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Jessica C Kissinger
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
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Biradar SM, Kohima B, Nayak V, Nandikol S, Warad V, Byakod SM, Hunasagi BS, Awasthi SR. Assessment of Drug Related Problems and Pharmacist Interventions in Inpatients with Cardiovascular Disease. Racionalʹnaâ farmakoterapiâ v kardiologii 2022. [DOI: 10.20996/1819-6446-2022-10-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim. To identify and evaluate the nature and incidence of drug-related problems (DRPs) and to manifest the role of a pharmacist in ensuring safe and efficient use of medications with cardiovascular disease patients by using PCNE Classification to assess and report drug-related problems.Material and Methods. An Observational and Prospective study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital of medicine department of general and intensive/critical care units for a period of 6 months to identify and evaluate the nature and incidence of DRP’s and to manifest the role of a pharmacist in ensuring safe and efficient use of medications with cardiovascular disease patients by using PCNE Classification to assess and report drug-related problems.Results. Of 94 Patient profiles were evaluated out of which 78 (82.9%) patient profiles were identified with 208 DRPs. Among 208, 140 (67.3%) drug interactions, 15 (7.2%) untreated indication, 12 (5.8%) adverse drug reactions, 10 (4.8%) drug use without indication, 8 (3.8%) drug underused, 8 (3.8%) duration of treatment too short, 5 (2.4%) dose unclear, 4 (1.9%) inappropriate drug form, 3 (1.4%) duration of treatment too long, 2 (1.0%) too many drugs prescribed for an indication, 1 (0.5%) drug overused. For 208 DRPs identified and provided with 74 interventions which includes 30 (41.6%) drug discontinuation, 24 (33.3%) addition of a new drug, 4 (5.55%) change of dosage form, and 14 (19.4%) decrease the dose.Conclusion. The present study revealed that patients with cardiovascular diseases suffer from numerous DRPs that can be identified, resolved, or prevented to some extent by pharmacist intervention. Hence the study addresses the importance of clinical pharmacist in the management of DRPs among cardiovascular patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Biradar
- SSM College of Pharmacy and Research Centre;
Shri B.M. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre
| | - B. Kohima
- SSM College of Pharmacy and Research Centre
| | - V. Nayak
- SSM College of Pharmacy and Research Centre
| | | | - V. Warad
- Shri B.M. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre
| | - S. M. Byakod
- Shri B.M. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre
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Mitchell RM, Zhou Z, Sheth M, Sergent S, Frace M, Nayak V, Hu B, Gimnig J, Ter Kuile F, Lindblade K, Slutsker L, Hamel MJ, Desai M, Otieno K, Kariuki S, Vigfusson Y, Shi YP. Development of a new barcode-based, multiplex-PCR, next-generation-sequencing assay and data processing and analytical pipeline for multiplicity of infection detection of Plasmodium falciparum. Malar J 2021; 20:92. [PMID: 33593329 PMCID: PMC7885407 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-021-03624-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Simultaneous infection with multiple malaria parasite strains is common in high transmission areas. Quantifying the number of strains per host, or the multiplicity of infection (MOI), provides additional parasite indices for assessing transmission levels but it is challenging to measure accurately with current tools. This paper presents new laboratory and analytical methods for estimating the MOI of Plasmodium falciparum. METHODS Based on 24 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously identified as stable, unlinked targets across 12 of the 14 chromosomes within P. falciparum genome, three multiplex PCRs of short target regions and subsequent next generation sequencing (NGS) of the amplicons were developed. A bioinformatics pipeline including B4Screening pathway removed spurious amplicons to ensure consistent frequency calls at each SNP location, compiled amplicons by SNP site diversity, and performed algorithmic haplotype and strain reconstruction. The pipeline was validated by 108 samples generated from cultured-laboratory strain mixtures in different proportions and concentrations, with and without pre-amplification, and using whole blood and dried blood spots (DBS). The pipeline was applied to 273 smear-positive samples from surveys conducted in western Kenya, then providing results into StrainRecon Thresholding for Infection Multiplicity (STIM), a novel MOI estimator. RESULTS The 24 barcode SNPs were successfully identified uniformly across the 12 chromosomes of P. falciparum in a sample using the pipeline. Pre-amplification and parasite concentration, while non-linearly associated with SNP read depth, did not influence the SNP frequency calls. Based on consistent SNP frequency calls at targeted locations, the algorithmic strain reconstruction for each laboratory-mixed sample had 98.5% accuracy in dominant strains. STIM detected up to 5 strains in field samples from western Kenya and showed declining MOI over time (q < 0.02), from 4.32 strains per infected person in 1996 to 4.01, 3.56 and 3.35 in 2001, 2007 and 2012, and a reduction in the proportion of samples with 5 strains from 57% in 1996 to 18% in 2012. CONCLUSION The combined approach of new multiplex PCRs and NGS, the unique bioinformatics pipeline and STIM could identify 24 barcode SNPs of P. falciparum correctly and consistently. The methodology could be applied to field samples to reliably measure temporal changes in MOI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M Mitchell
- Division of Parasitic Diseases, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
- School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Zhiyong Zhou
- Division of Parasitic Diseases, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, USA
| | - Mili Sheth
- Biotechnology Core Facility Branch, Division of Scientific Resources, CDC, Atlanta, USA
| | - Sheila Sergent
- Division of Parasitic Diseases, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, USA
| | - Michael Frace
- Biotechnology Core Facility Branch, Division of Scientific Resources, CDC, Atlanta, USA
| | - Vishal Nayak
- Office of Infectious Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, USA
| | - Bin Hu
- Office of Infectious Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, USA
| | - John Gimnig
- Division of Parasitic Diseases, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, USA
| | | | - Kim Lindblade
- Division of Parasitic Diseases, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, USA
| | - Laurence Slutsker
- Division of Parasitic Diseases, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, USA
| | - Mary J Hamel
- Division of Parasitic Diseases, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, USA
| | - Meghna Desai
- Division of Parasitic Diseases, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, USA
| | - Kephas Otieno
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Global Health Research, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Simon Kariuki
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Global Health Research, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Ymir Vigfusson
- Department of Computer Science, Emory University, Atlanta, USA.
| | - Ya Ping Shi
- Division of Parasitic Diseases, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, USA.
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Abstract
Background Ultra-Deep Sequencing (UDS) enabled identification of specific changes in human genome occurring in malignant tumors, with current approaches calling for the detection of specific mutations associated with certain cancers. However, such associations are frequently idiosyncratic and cannot be generalized for diagnostics. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been shown to be functionally associated with several cancer types. Here, we study the association of intra-host mtDNA diversity with Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Results UDS mtDNA exome data from blood of patients with HCC (n = 293) and non-cancer controls (NC, n = 391) were used to: (i) measure the genetic heterogeneity of nucleotide sites from the entire population of intra-host mtDNA variants rather than to detect specific mutations, and (ii) apply machine learning algorithms to develop a classifier for HCC detection. Average total entropy of HCC mtDNA is 1.24-times lower than of NC mtDNA (p = 2.84E-47). Among all polymorphic sites, 2.09% had a significantly different mean entropy between HCC and NC, with 0.32% of the HCC mtDNA sites having greater (p < 0.05) and 1.77% of the sites having lower mean entropy (p < 0.05) as compared to NC. The entropy profile of each sample was used to further explore the association between mtDNA heterogeneity and HCC by means of a Random Forest (RF) classifier The RF-classifier separated 232 HCC and 232 NC patients with accuracy of up to 99.78% and average accuracy of 92.23% in the 10-fold cross-validation. The classifier accurately separated 93.08% of HCC (n = 61) and NC (n = 159) patients in a validation dataset that was not used for the RF parameter optimization. Conclusions Polymorphic sites contributing most to the mtDNA association with HCC are scattered along the mitochondrial genome, affecting all mitochondrial genes. The findings suggest that application of heterogeneity profiles of intra-host mtDNA variants from blood may help overcome barriers associated with the complex association of specific mutations with cancer, enabling the development of accurate, rapid, inexpensive and minimally invasive diagnostic detection of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Campo
- Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Vishal Nayak
- Office of Advanced Molecular Detection, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.,CSRA, Inc, Corporate Blvd NE, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ganesh Srinivasamoorthy
- Office of Advanced Molecular Detection, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.,CSRA, Inc, Corporate Blvd NE, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yury Khudyakov
- Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Abstract
The use of antimalarial drugs to treat systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is receiving increased attention. A retrospective controlled study suggested that antimalarials were useful in suppressing disease activity in SLE. A randomized discontinuation trial of hydroxychloroquine sulphate supported the clinical belief that antimalarials are of benefit in SLE of mild to moderate disease activity and might have a role as adjunctive therapy to protect against more severe relapses of SLE. A randomized trial of the ability of hydroxychloroquine sulphate to suppress articular manifestations of SLE demonstrated no consistent statistically significant benefit, although the sample size was small. Anecdotal reports and the experience of expert clinicians have suggested a corticosteroid sparing role for antimalarials, although no controlled study has been conducted to specifically address this hypothesis. Thus, the evidence favors a role for antimalarials in suppressing mild to moderate disease activity in SLE and possibly in preventing severe disease exacerbations. Their role as corticosteroid sparing agents in SLE is widely believed, but unproven.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Nayak
- Divisions of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jm Esdaile
- Divisions of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Dhavaleshwar A, Nayak V, Hande M, Pai R. Topical moxifloxacin-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. J Postgrad Med 2019; 65:125-126. [PMID: 31036782 PMCID: PMC6515777 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_535_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Dhavaleshwar
- Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - V Nayak
- Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Nayak V, E-mail:
| | - M Hande
- Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - R Pai
- Department of Dermatology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka, India,Department of Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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7
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Lee KJ, Yin W, Arafat D, Tang Y, Uppal K, Tran V, Cabrera-Mora M, Lapp S, Moreno A, Meyer E, DeBarry JD, Pakala S, Nayak V, Kissinger JC, Jones DP, Galinski M, Styczynski MP, Gibson G. Comparative transcriptomics and metabolomics in a rhesus macaque drug administration study. Front Cell Dev Biol 2014; 2:54. [PMID: 25453034 PMCID: PMC4233942 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2014.00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe a multi-omic approach to understanding the effects that the anti-malarial drug pyrimethamine has on immune physiology in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Whole blood and bone marrow (BM) RNA-Seq and plasma metabolome profiles (each with over 15,000 features) have been generated for five naïve individuals at up to seven timepoints before, during and after three rounds of drug administration. Linear modeling and Bayesian network analyses are both considered, alongside investigations of the impact of statistical modeling strategies on biological inference. Individual macaques were found to be a major source of variance for both omic data types, and factoring individuals into subsequent modeling increases power to detect temporal effects. A major component of the whole blood transcriptome follows the BM with a time-delay, while other components of variation are unique to each compartment. We demonstrate that pyrimethamine administration does impact both compartments throughout the experiment, but very limited perturbation of transcript or metabolite abundance was observed following each round of drug exposure. New insights into the mode of action of the drug are presented in the context of pyrimethamine's predicted effect on suppression of cell division and metabolism in the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Lee
- Center for Integrative Genomics, School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Weiwei Yin
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dalia Arafat
- Center for Integrative Genomics, School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yan Tang
- Center for Integrative Genomics, School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Karan Uppal
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - ViLinh Tran
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Monica Cabrera-Mora
- Emory Vaccine Center and Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stacey Lapp
- Emory Vaccine Center and Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alberto Moreno
- Emory Vaccine Center and Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University Atlanta, GA, USA ; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Esmeralda Meyer
- Emory Vaccine Center and Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jeremy D DeBarry
- Center for Topical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia Athens, GA, USA
| | - Suman Pakala
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia Athens, GA, USA
| | - Vishal Nayak
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia Athens, GA, USA
| | - Jessica C Kissinger
- Center for Topical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia Athens, GA, USA ; Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia Athens, GA, USA
| | - Dean P Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mary Galinski
- Emory Vaccine Center and Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University Atlanta, GA, USA ; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mark P Styczynski
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Greg Gibson
- Center for Integrative Genomics, School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA, USA
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8
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Ahmed I, Khan MA, Nayak V, Mohsen A. An evidence-based warfarin management protocol reduces surgical delay in hip fracture patients. J Orthop Traumatol 2013; 15:21-7. [PMID: 24276249 PMCID: PMC3948519 DOI: 10.1007/s10195-013-0274-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Up to 4 % of patients presenting with a hip fracture may be on warfarin at admission. There is little consensus on the timing, dosage or route of vitamin K administration. We aimed to evaluate the impact of a locally developed, evidence-based protocol for perioperative warfarin management on the admission-to-operation time (AOT) in hip fracture patients. Materials and methods Clinical and demographic data were collected prospectively for hip fracture patients who were on warfarin at the time of admission (post-protocol group) and compared to a historical control group of patients who were on warfarin before implementation of the protocol (pre-protocol group). Univariate analysis was undertaken to identify any significant differences between the two groups. Results Twenty-seven patients in the pre-protocol group (27/616, 4.4 %) and 40 patients in the post-protocol group (4.7 %, 40/855) were on warfarin at admission. There was a significant reduction in the median AOT from 73 h (IQR 46–105) to 37.7 h (IQR 28–45) after implementation of the warfarin protocol (p < 0.001). The proportion of patients operated on within 48 h of admission increased from 30 % (8/27) in the pre-protocol group to 80 % (32/40) in the post-protocol group (p < 0.001). No significant differences in hospital length of stay (p = 0.77) or the postoperative warfarin recommencement time (p = 0.90) were noted between the two groups. Conclusion Implementation of a perioperative warfarin management protocol can expedite surgery in hip fracture patients, but did not reduce hospital stay in our cohort, possibly because of a delay in recommencing warfarin in these patients postoperatively. Level of evidence Level III.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ahmed
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Hull Royal Infirmary, Anlaby Road, Kingston upon Hull, HU3 2JZ, UK,
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Fenstermacher D, Street C, McSherry T, Nayak V, Overby C, Feldman M. The Cancer Biomedical Informatics Grid (caBIG<sup>TM</sup>). Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2012; 2006:743-6. [PMID: 17282290 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2005.1616521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The Cancer Biomedical Informatics Grid (caBIG<sup>TM</sup>) is a new project initiated by the National Cancer Institute to create a computational network connecting scientists and institutions to enable the sharing of data and the use of common analytical tools. The emergence of genomics and proteomics high-throughput technologies are creating a paradigm shift in biomedical research from small independent labs to large teams of researchers exploring entire genomes and proteomes and how they relate to disease. caBIG<sup>TM</sup>is developing new software and modifying existing software within Clinical Trials Management Systems, Tissue Banks and Pathology Tools and Integrated Cancer Research tools to manage the huge volume of data being generated and to facilitate collaboration across the broad spectrum of cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Fenstermacher
- Biomedical Informatics Facility, Abramson Cancer Center; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
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Stajich JE, Harris T, Brunk BP, Brestelli J, Fischer S, Harb OS, Kissinger JC, Li W, Nayak V, Pinney DF, Stoeckert CJ, Roos DS. FungiDB: an integrated functional genomics database for fungi. Nucleic Acids Res 2011; 40:D675-81. [PMID: 22064857 PMCID: PMC3245123 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkr918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
FungiDB (http://FungiDB.org) is a functional genomic resource for pan-fungal genomes that was developed in partnership with the Eukaryotic Pathogen Bioinformatic resource center (http://EuPathDB.org). FungiDB uses the same infrastructure and user interface as EuPathDB, which allows for sophisticated and integrated searches to be performed using an intuitive graphical system. The current release of FungiDB contains genome sequence and annotation from 18 species spanning several fungal classes, including the Ascomycota classes, Eurotiomycetes, Sordariomycetes, Saccharomycetes and the Basidiomycota orders, Pucciniomycetes and Tremellomycetes, and the basal 'Zygomycete' lineage Mucormycotina. Additionally, FungiDB contains cell cycle microarray data, hyphal growth RNA-sequence data and yeast two hybrid interaction data. The underlying genomic sequence and annotation combined with functional data, additional data from the FungiDB standard analysis pipeline and the ability to leverage orthology provides a powerful resource for in silico experimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason E Stajich
- Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
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Aurrecoechea C, Barreto A, Brestelli J, Brunk BP, Caler EV, Fischer S, Gajria B, Gao X, Gingle A, Grant G, Harb OS, Heiges M, Iodice J, Kissinger JC, Kraemer ET, Li W, Nayak V, Pennington C, Pinney DF, Pitts B, Roos DS, Srinivasamoorthy G, Stoeckert CJ, Treatman C, Wang H. AmoebaDB and MicrosporidiaDB: functional genomic resources for Amoebozoa and Microsporidia species. Nucleic Acids Res 2010; 39:D612-9. [PMID: 20974635 PMCID: PMC3013638 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkq1006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AmoebaDB (http://AmoebaDB.org) and MicrosporidiaDB (http://MicrosporidiaDB.org) are new functional genomic databases serving the amoebozoa and microsporidia research communities, respectively. AmoebaDB contains the genomes of three Entamoeba species (E. dispar, E. invadens and E. histolityca) and microarray expression data for E. histolytica. MicrosporidiaDB contains the genomes of Encephalitozoon cuniculi, E. intestinalis and E. bieneusi. The databases belong to the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) funded EuPathDB (http://EuPathDB.org) Bioinformatics Resource Center family of integrated databases and assume the same architectural and graphical design as other EuPathDB resources such as PlasmoDB and TriTrypDB. Importantly they utilize the graphical strategy builder that affords a database user the ability to ask complex multi-data-type questions with relative ease and versatility. Genomic scale data can be queried based on BLAST searches, annotation keywords and gene ID searches, GO terms, sequence motifs, protein characteristics, phylogenetic relationships and functional data such as transcript (microarray and EST evidence) and protein expression data. Search strategies can be saved within a user’s profile for future retrieval and may also be shared with other researchers using a unique strategy web address.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Aurrecoechea
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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12
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Aurrecoechea C, Brestelli J, Brunk BP, Fischer S, Gajria B, Gao X, Gingle A, Grant G, Harb OS, Heiges M, Innamorato F, Iodice J, Kissinger JC, Kraemer ET, Li W, Miller JA, Nayak V, Pennington C, Pinney DF, Roos DS, Ross C, Srinivasamoorthy G, Stoeckert CJ, Thibodeau R, Treatman C, Wang H. EuPathDB: a portal to eukaryotic pathogen databases. Nucleic Acids Res 2009; 38:D415-9. [PMID: 19914931 PMCID: PMC2808945 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkp941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
EuPathDB (http://EuPathDB.org; formerly ApiDB) is an integrated database covering the eukaryotic pathogens of the genera Cryptosporidium, Giardia, Leishmania, Neospora, Plasmodium, Toxoplasma, Trichomonas and Trypanosoma. While each of these groups is supported by a taxon-specific database built upon the same infrastructure, the EuPathDB portal offers an entry point to all these resources, and the opportunity to leverage orthology for searches across genera. The most recent release of EuPathDB includes updates and changes affecting data content, infrastructure and the user interface, improving data access and enhancing the user experience. EuPathDB currently supports more than 80 searches and the recently-implemented ‘search strategy’ system enables users to construct complex multi-step searches via a graphical interface. Search results are dynamically displayed as the strategy is constructed or modified, and can be downloaded, saved, revised, or shared with other database users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Aurrecoechea
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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13
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Aslett M, Aurrecoechea C, Berriman M, Brestelli J, Brunk BP, Carrington M, Depledge DP, Fischer S, Gajria B, Gao X, Gardner MJ, Gingle A, Grant G, Harb OS, Heiges M, Hertz-Fowler C, Houston R, Innamorato F, Iodice J, Kissinger JC, Kraemer E, Li W, Logan FJ, Miller JA, Mitra S, Myler PJ, Nayak V, Pennington C, Phan I, Pinney DF, Ramasamy G, Rogers MB, Roos DS, Ross C, Sivam D, Smith DF, Srinivasamoorthy G, Stoeckert CJ, Subramanian S, Thibodeau R, Tivey A, Treatman C, Velarde G, Wang H. TriTrypDB: a functional genomic resource for the Trypanosomatidae. Nucleic Acids Res 2009; 38:D457-62. [PMID: 19843604 PMCID: PMC2808979 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkp851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 687] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
TriTrypDB (http://tritrypdb.org) is an integrated database providing access to genome-scale datasets for kinetoplastid parasites, and supporting a variety of complex queries driven by research and development needs. TriTrypDB is a collaborative project, utilizing the GUS/WDK computational infrastructure developed by the Eukaryotic Pathogen Bioinformatics Resource Center (EuPathDB.org) to integrate genome annotation and analyses from GeneDB and elsewhere with a wide variety of functional genomics datasets made available by members of the global research community, often pre-publication. Currently, TriTrypDB integrates datasets from Leishmania braziliensis, L. infantum, L. major, L. tarentolae, Trypanosoma brucei and T. cruzi. Users may examine individual genes or chromosomal spans in their genomic context, including syntenic alignments with other kinetoplastid organisms. Data within TriTrypDB can be interrogated utilizing a sophisticated search strategy system that enables a user to construct complex queries combining multiple data types. All search strategies are stored, allowing future access and integrated searches. 'User Comments' may be added to any gene page, enhancing available annotation; such comments become immediately searchable via the text search, and are forwarded to curators for incorporation into the reference annotation when appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Aslett
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
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Aurrecoechea C, Brestelli J, Brunk BP, Carlton JM, Dommer J, Fischer S, Gajria B, Gao X, Gingle A, Grant G, Harb OS, Heiges M, Innamorato F, Iodice J, Kissinger JC, Kraemer E, Li W, Miller JA, Morrison HG, Nayak V, Pennington C, Pinney DF, Roos DS, Ross C, Stoeckert CJ, Sullivan S, Treatman C, Wang H. GiardiaDB and TrichDB: integrated genomic resources for the eukaryotic protist pathogens Giardia lamblia and Trichomonas vaginalis. Nucleic Acids Res 2009; 37:D526-30. [PMID: 18824479 PMCID: PMC2686445 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkn631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2008] [Accepted: 09/14/2008] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
GiardiaDB (http://GiardiaDB.org) and TrichDB (http://TrichDB.org) house the genome databases for Giardia lamblia and Trichomonas vaginalis, respectively, and represent the latest additions to the EuPathDB (http://EuPathDB.org) family of functional genomic databases. GiardiaDB and TrichDB employ the same framework as other EuPathDB sites (CryptoDB, PlasmoDB and ToxoDB), supporting fully integrated and searchable databases. Genomic-scale data available via these resources may be queried based on BLAST searches, annotation keywords and gene ID searches, GO terms, sequence motifs and other protein characteristics. Functional queries may also be formulated, based on transcript and protein expression data from a variety of platforms. Phylogenetic relationships may also be interrogated. The ability to combine the results from independent queries, and to store queries and query results for future use facilitates complex, genome-wide mining of functional genomic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Aurrecoechea
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - John Brestelli
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Brian P. Brunk
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Jane M. Carlton
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Jennifer Dommer
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Steve Fischer
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Bindu Gajria
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Xin Gao
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Alan Gingle
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Greg Grant
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Omar S. Harb
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Mark Heiges
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Frank Innamorato
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - John Iodice
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Jessica C. Kissinger
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Eileen Kraemer
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Wei Li
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - John A. Miller
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Hilary G. Morrison
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Vishal Nayak
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Cary Pennington
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Deborah F. Pinney
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - David S. Roos
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Chris Ross
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Christian J. Stoeckert
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Steven Sullivan
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Charles Treatman
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Haiming Wang
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Penn Center for Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Medical Parasitology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10010, Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Department of Genetics, Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, Josephine Bay Paul Center [for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution], Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
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15
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Aurrecoechea C, Brestelli J, Brunk BP, Dommer J, Fischer S, Gajria B, Gao X, Gingle A, Grant G, Harb OS, Heiges M, Innamorato F, Iodice J, Kissinger JC, Kraemer E, Li W, Miller JA, Nayak V, Pennington C, Pinney DF, Roos DS, Ross C, Stoeckert CJ, Treatman C, Wang H. PlasmoDB: a functional genomic database for malaria parasites. Nucleic Acids Res 2008; 37:D539-43. [PMID: 18957442 PMCID: PMC2686598 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkn814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 819] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PlasmoDB (http://PlasmoDB.org) is a functional genomic database for Plasmodium spp. that provides a resource for data analysis and visualization in a gene-by-gene or genome-wide scale. PlasmoDB belongs to a family of genomic resources that are housed under the EuPathDB (http://EuPathDB.org) Bioinformatics Resource Center (BRC) umbrella. The latest release, PlasmoDB 5.5, contains numerous new data types from several broad categories—annotated genomes, evidence of transcription, proteomics evidence, protein function evidence, population biology and evolution. Data in PlasmoDB can be queried by selecting the data of interest from a query grid or drop down menus. Various results can then be combined with each other on the query history page. Search results can be downloaded with associated functional data and registered users can store their query history for future retrieval or analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Aurrecoechea
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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16
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Anandan V, Nayak V, Sundaram S, Srikanth P. An association of Alternaria alternata and Scopulariopsis brevicaulis in cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2008; 74:244-7. [PMID: 18583793 DOI: 10.4103/0378-6323.41371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Rare molds are increasingly emerging as a cause of deep and invasive fungal infections. We report here a rare case of cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis of the lower limbs due to Alternaria alternata associated with extra-ungual localization of Scopulariopsis brevicaulis. Diagnosis was made based on repeated, direct, microscopic mycological and histological examinations. The study revealed hyphae and fungal cells in a granulomatous dermal infiltrate. Identification of the molds was based on macroscopic appearance on culture of samples from the lesions on Sabouraud's dextrose agar and microscopic appearance on Lactophenol cotton blue following slide culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Anandan
- Department of Dermatology, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai-600116, India
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17
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Prakash R, Prabhu LV, Kumar J, Nayak V, Singh G. Variations of Jugular Veins: Phylogenic Correlation and Clinical Implications. South Med J 2006; 99:1146-7. [PMID: 17100044 DOI: 10.1097/01.smj.0000240686.77970.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Glaviano A, Nayak V, Cabuy E, Baird DM, Yin Z, Newson R, Ladon D, Rubio MA, Slijepcevic P, Lyng F, Mothersill C, Case CP. Effects of hTERT on metal ion-induced genomic instability. Oncogene 2006; 25:3424-35. [PMID: 16449970 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1209399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
There is currently a great interest in delayed chromosomal and other damaging effects of low-dose exposure to a variety of pollutants which appear collectively to act through induction of stress-response pathways related to oxidative stress and ageing. These have been studied mostly in the radiation field but evidence is accumulating that the mechanisms can also be triggered by chemicals, especially heavy metals. Humans are exposed to metals, including chromium (Cr) (VI) and vanadium (V) (V), from the environment, industry and surgical implants. Thus, the impact of low-dose stress responses may be larger than expected from individual toxicity projections. In this study, a short (24 h) exposure of human fibroblasts to low doses of Cr (VI) and V (V) caused both acute chromosome damage and genomic instability in the progeny of exposed cells for at least 30 days after exposure. Acutely, Cr (VI) caused chromatid breaks without aneuploidy while V (V) caused aneuploidy without chromatid breaks. The longer-term genomic instability was similar but depended on hTERT positivity. In telomerase-negative hTERT- cells, Cr (VI) and V (V) caused a long lasting and transmissible induction of dicentric chromosomes, nucleoplasmic bridges, micronuclei and aneuploidy. There was also a long term and transmissible reduction of clonogenic survival, with an increased beta-galactosidase staining and apoptosis. This instability was not present in telomerase-positive hTERT+ cells. In contrast, in hTERT+ cells the metals caused a persistent induction of tetraploidy, which was not noted in hTERT- cells. The growth and survival of both metal-exposed hTERT+ and hTERT- cells differed if they were cultured at subconfluent levels or plated out as colonies. Genomic instability is considered to be a driving force towards cancer. This study suggests that the type of genomic instability in human cells may depend critically on whether they are telomerase-positive or -negative and that their sensitivities to metals could depend on whether they are clustered or diffuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Glaviano
- Bristol Implant Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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19
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Nayak V, Devi PU. Protection of Mouse Bone Marrow against Radiation-Induced Chromosome Damage and Stem Cell Death by the Ocimum Flavonoids Orientin and Vicenin. Radiat Res 2005; 163:165-71. [PMID: 15658892 DOI: 10.1667/rr3263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In a previous study, orientin and vicenin, the water-soluble plant flavonoids, protected mice against radiation lethality (Uma Devi et al., Radiat. Res. 151, 74-78, 1999). To study bone marrow protection, adult Swiss mice were exposed to 0-6 Gy 60Co gamma rays 30 min after an intraperitoneal injection of 50 microg/ kg body weight of orientin/vicenin. Chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow were studied at 24 h postirradiation. Stem cell survival was studied using the exogenous spleen colony (CFU-S) assay. Radiation produced a dose-dependent increase in aberrant cells as well as in the yield of the different types of aberrations (breaks, fragments, rings and dicentrics) and a decrease in CFU-S. Pretreatment with either flavonoid significantly reduced the aberrant cells and different aberrations and increased the number of CFU-S compared to the respective radiation-alone groups. The dose modification factors for 50% reductions in the number of CFU-S were 1.6 for orientin and 1.7 for vicenin. The present finding that very low nontoxic doses of orientin and vicenin provide efficient protection against bone marrow damage at clinically relevant radiation doses suggests their potential for protection of normal tissues in radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Nayak
- Department of Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Bhopal, India
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20
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Rosenblum M, Nayak V, DasGupta SK, Longroy A. Synthesis of Dihydrooxadiazinones and Study of Geometrical Isomerism in α-Ketol Carbethoxyhydrazones. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00906a029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Abstract
Sclerosing (idiopathic) mesenteritis is a rare disease that may present with abdominal pain or bowel obstruction. A 21-year-old man was diagnosed with sclerosing mesenteritis, and treated with a partial ileal resection and defunctioning ileostomy. He was subsequently started on corticosteroids and azathioprine. Five months later, at the time of ileostomy reversal, he was disease-free. The diagnosis and management of this disease are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bala
- Division of Gastroenterology, Peter Lougheed Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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22
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Das C, Nayak V, Raghothama S, Balaram P. Synthetic protein design: construction of a four-stranded beta-sheet structure and evaluation of its integrity in methanol-water systems. J Pept Res 2000; 56:307-17. [PMID: 11095184 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-3011.2000.00775.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The characterization of a four-stranded beta-sheet structure in a designed 26-residue peptide Beta-4 is described. The sequence of Beta-4 (Arg-Gly-Thr-Ile-Lys-(D)pro-Gly-Ile-Thr-Phe-Ala-(D)Pro-Ala-Thr-Val-Leu-P he-Ala-Val-(D)Pro-Gly-Lys-Thr-Leu-Tyr-Arg) was chosen such that three strategically positioned (D)Pro-Xxx segments nucleate type II' beta-turns, which facilitate hairpin extension. A four-stranded beta-sheet structure is determined in methanol from 500 MHz 1H NMR data using a total of 100 observed NOEs, 11 dihedral restraints obtained from vicinal JCalphaH-NH values and 10 hydrogen bonding constraints obtained from H/D exchange data. The observed NOEs provide strong evidence for a stable four-stranded sheet and a nonpolar cluster involving Ile8, Phe10, Val15 and Phe17. Circular dichroism studies in water-methanol mixtures provide evidence for melting of the beta-sheet structure at high water concentrations. NMR analysis establishes that the four-stranded sheet in Beta-4 is appreciably populated in 50% (v/v) aqueous methanol. In water, the peptide structure is disorganized, although the three beta-turn nuclei appear to be maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Das
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore
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23
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Jagetia GC, Nayak V. Effect of doxorubicin on cell survival and micronuclei formation in HeLa cells exposed to different doses of gamma-radiation. Strahlenther Onkol 2000; 176:422-8. [PMID: 11050916 DOI: 10.1007/pl00002351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study was undertaken to obtain an insight into the combined effects of doxorubicin with radiation on the cell survival and micronuclei induction in HeLa cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS HeLa S3 cells were allowed to grow till they reached plateau phase, inoculated with 10 micrograms/ml doxorubicin hydrochloride and then exposed to 0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 Gy gamma-radiation. Clonogenicity of cells was measured using the colony forming assay, micronuclei formation using the micronucleus assay. RESULTS The treatment of HeLa cells with doxorubicin (adriamycin) for 2 hours before exposure to different doses of gamma-radiation resulted in a significant and dose-dependent decline in the cell survival and cell proliferation when compared to the PBS + irradiation group. Conversely, the frequency of micronuclei increased in a dose-related manner in both the PBS + irradiation and doxorubicin + irradiation groups. The pretreatment of HeLa cells with doxorubicin before irradiation to various doses of gamma-rays resulted in a significant elevation in the frequency of micronuclei when compared with the concurrent PBS + irradiation group. The dose-response relationship for both PBS + irradiation and doxorubicin + irradiation groups was linear. The correlation between cell survival and micronuclei induction was also determined for PBS or doxorubicin + irradiation group, where the clonogenicity of cells declined with the increase in micronuclei formation. The correlation between cell survival and micronuclei induction was linear quadratic for both PBS + irradiation and doxorubicin + irradiation groups. CONCLUSION From our study it can be concluded that combination treatment with doxorubicin and radiation increased the genotoxic effect of the either treatment given alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Jagetia
- Department of Radiobiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India
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24
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Abstract
Exposure of HeLa cells to 0, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 microg/ml of guduchi extracts (methanol, aqueous and methylene chloride) resulted in a dose-dependent but significant increase in cell killing, when compared to non-drug-treated controls. The effects of methanol and aqueous extracts were almost identical. However, methylene chloride extract enhanced the cell killing effect by 2.8- and 6.8-fold when compared either to methanol or aqueous extract at 50 and 100 microg/ml, respectively. Conversely, the frequency of micronuclei increased in a concentration-dependent manner in guduchi-treated groups and this increase in the frequency of micronuclei was significantly higher than the non-drug-treated control cultures and also with respect to 5 microg/ml guduchi extract-treated cultures, at the rest of the concentrations evaluated. Furthermore, the micronuclei formation was higher in the methylene chloride extract-treated group than in the other two groups. The dose response relationship for all three extracts evaluated was linear quadratic. The effect of guduchi extracts was comparable or better than doxorubicin treatment. The micronuclei induction was correlated with the surviving fraction of cells and the correlation between cell survival and micronuclei induction was found to be linear quadratic. Our results demonstrate that guduchi killed the cells very effectively in vitro and deserves attention as an antineoplastic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Jagetia
- Department of Radiobiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India
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25
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Abrahamowicz M, Fortin PR, du Berger R, Nayak V, Neville C, Liang MH. The relationship between disease activity and expert physician's decision to start major treatment in active systemic lupus erythematosus: a decision aid for development of entry criteria for clinical trials. J Rheumatol 1998; 25:277-84. [PMID: 9489819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between patients' systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) activity and physicians' decision to treat with steroids or alternative medication. METHODS Baseline information and clinical status was extracted from case histories of 30 patients with lupus and represented in clinical vignettes. These vignettes were then mailed to 60 physicians (rheumatologists and immunologists with experience in the treatment of lupus), asking them in each case whether they would initiate treatment or not. The relationship between the 38 complete responses and the SLE Activity Measure (SLAM-R) and SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) lupus activity scores was analyzed using a general additive model. RESULTS SLE disease activity measured by SLAM-R or SLEDAI is a significant predictor (p < 0.0001) of physicians' decision to initiate treatment for patients with lupus. Variation between physicians was observed but was mostly due to a few outliers. Some other variations remained unexplained by patients' SLE disease activity, damage, or by specific organ involvement. CONCLUSION We present reference tables and curves for research that may be used as a basis to derive standardized quantitative criteria for entry in clinical trials. More research is needed on how these tools can be used by clinicians to guide them in their decision to treat or not.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Abrahamowicz
- Division of Rheumatology, The Montreal General Hospital, Quebec, Canada
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26
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Abstract
The treatment of HeLa cells with different concentrations of adriamycin (0, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 microg/ml) resulted in a significant and dose-dependent decline in the cell survival. Conversely, the frequency of micronuclei increased in a concentration-dependent manner. The micronuclei-induction and cell survival were found to be inversely related.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Jagetia
- Department of Radiobiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India
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27
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Nayak V, Esdaile JM. The efficacy of antimalarials in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 1996; 5 Suppl 1:S23-7. [PMID: 8803906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The use of antimalarial drugs to treat systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is receiving increased attention. A retrospective controlled study suggested that antimalarials were useful in suppressing disease activity in SLE. A randomized discontinuation trial of hydroxychloroquine sulphate supported the clinical belief that antimalarials are of benefit in SLE of mild to moderate disease activity and might have a role as adjunctive therapy to protect against more severe relapses of SLE. A randomized trial of the ability of hydroxychloroquine sulphate to suppress articular manifestations of SLE demonstrated no consistent statistically significant benefit, although the sample size was small. Anecdotal reports and the experience of expert clinicians have suggested a corticosteroid sparing role for antimalarials, although no controlled study has been conducted to specifically address this hypothesis. Thus, the evidence favors a role for antimalarials in suppressing mild to moderate disease activity in SLE and possibly in preventing severe disease exacerbations. Their role as corticosteroid sparing agents in SLE is widely believed, but unproven.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Nayak
- Division of Rheumatology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
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28
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Jagetia GC, Nayak V. Treatment of mice with a novel antineoplastic agent taxol before irradiation increases the frequency of micronuclei in the bone marrow. Mutat Res 1996; 349:219-27. [PMID: 8600353 DOI: 10.1016/0027-5107(95)00181-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MPCE) and the normochromatic erythrocytes (MNCE) and polychromatic and normochromatic erythrocyte ratio (P/N ratio) was studied at 12, 24 and 36 h postirradiation in the bone marrow of male mice treated or not with taxol before exposure to 0-4 Gy of 60Co gamma radiation. The frequency of MPCE increased with the increase in radiation dose in a dose-related manner in the irradiated control group. A peak frequency of MPCE was observed at 24 h postirradiation in irradiated control group. The pattern of increase in MNCE was similar to that of MPCE except that a highest number of MNCE was scored at 36 h postirradiation. Taxol administration to animals before irradiation resulted in a significant elevation in the frequency of MPCE and MNCE at all the postirradiation time periods studied. This increase was dose related as observed in the irradiated control group. Irradiation resulted in a dose-dependent decline in the P/N ratio at all the postirradiation time periods studied. The P/N ratio was significantly lower in the taxol + irradiated group compared to the irradiated control group at all postirradiation time periods. A maximum decline in P/N ratio was observed at 36 h postirradiation for both irradiated control and taxol + irradiated groups. The dose response for MPCE, MNCE and P/N ratio was linear quadratic for both the irradiated and taxol + irradiated groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Jagetia
- Department of Radiobiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal 576 119 India
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29
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Nayak V, Bhat KR. Septo-optic dysplasia (case report). Indian J Ophthalmol 1991; 39:186-7. [PMID: 1810885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Septo optic dysplasia is a rare developmental anomaly involving bilateral optic nerve hypoplasia, midline anomalies of the brain and hypothalamo-pituitary dysfunction. A case of septo-optic dysplasia with pituitary dwarfism, optic nerve hypoplasia and absent septum pellucidum is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Nayak
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College, Calicut, Kerala
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31
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Ejeckam GC, Idikio HA, Nayak V, Gardiner JP. Malignant transformation in an anal condyloma acuminatum. Can J Surg 1983; 26:170-3. [PMID: 6825008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A 61-year-old man had malignant transformation of an anal condyloma acuminatum, demonstrated by light and electron microscopic studies. Intranuclear virus-like particles were seen in the benign condylomatous koilocytotic cells but these were absent in the malignant cells. Multinucleation, syncytial giant cells and nuclear atypia in a condyloma acuminatum are considered features of in-situ carcinomatous change. Anal condyloma acuminatum requires wide excision and thorough examination of anorectal canal in order to exclude hidden disease, which will predispose to recurrence. Homosexuality is considered a predisposing factor. The authors stress the importance of histopathologic examination of all anorectal warts to exclude malignant change.
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32
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Finlayson M, Nayak V. Atypical vascular proliferation in benign soft tissue tumors. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1979; 103:224-7. [PMID: 582254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Atypical endothelial proliferation and continuing growth of small vessels were found to be the main features of two benign soft tissue tumors. Lack of history of injury and insidious onset suggested neoplasia, but the morphology was that of a reactive rather than neoplastic process. Ultrastructural study of the relationship of the endothelial cells to one another and to perithelial cells was helpful in making this distinction. The process appeared to have begun in an organizing thrombus or hematoma, in one case in relation to an occluded artery, and in the other in an abnormally vascular area of skeletal muscle. It is known that endothelial hyperplasia can occur in reparative reaction of this type. The prominent muscular development of small vessels in the cases reported here suggests that abnormal flow or intraluminal pressure could have been a stimulant to atypical growth.
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