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Shen DF, Cheng H, Cai BZ, Cai WF, Wang B, Zhu Q, Wu YB, Liu M, Chen RJ, Gao FF, Zhang YM, Niu YD, Shi GG. N-n-Butyl haloperidol iodide ameliorates liver fibrosis and hepatic stellate cell activation in mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:133-145. [PMID: 33758354 PMCID: PMC8724321 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00630-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
N-n-Butyl haloperidol iodide (F2) is a novel compound that has antiproliferative and antifibrogenic activities. In this study we investigated the therapeutic potential of F2 against liver fibrosis in mice and the underlying mechanisms. Two widely used mouse models of fibrosis was established in mice by injection of either carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) or thioacetamide (TAA). The mice received F2 (0.75, 1.5 or 3 mg·kg-1·d-1, ip) for 4 weeks of fibrosis induction. We showed that F2 administration dose-dependently ameliorated CCl4- or TAA-induced liver fibrosis, evidenced by significant decreases in collagen deposition and c-Jun, TGF-β receptor II (TGFBR2), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and collagen I expression in the liver. In transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)-stimulated LX-2 cells (a human hepatic stellate cell line) and primary mouse hepatic stellate cells, treatment with F2 (0.1, 1, 10 μM) concentration-dependently inhibited the expression of α-SMA, and collagen I. In LX-2 cells, F2 inhibited TGF-β/Smad signaling through reducing the levels of TGFBR2; pretreatment with LY2109761 (TGF-β signaling inhibitor) or SP600125 (c-Jun signaling inhibitor) markedly inhibited TGF-β1-induced induction of α-SMA and collagen I. Knockdown of c-Jun decreased TGF-β signaling genes, including TGFBR2 levels. We revealed that c-Jun was bound to the TGFBR2 promoter, whereas F2 suppressed the binding of c-Jun to the TGFBR2 promoter to restrain TGF-β signaling and inhibit α-SMA and collagen I upregulation. In conclusion, the therapeutic benefit of F2 against liver fibrosis results from inhibition of c-Jun expression to reduce TGFBR2 and concomitant reduction of the responsiveness of hepatic stellate cells to TGF-β1. F2 may thus be a potentially new effective pharmacotherapy for human liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai-Fei Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - He Cheng
- Qingyuan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Qingyuan, 511515, China
| | - Bo-Zhi Cai
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Wen-Feng Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Yue-Bin Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Man Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Run-Ji Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Fen-Fei Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Yan-Mei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Yong-Dong Niu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Gang-Gang Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
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2
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Cai WF, Yuan J, Huang LF, Chen C, Ma Y, Wang H, Zhang CH, Zhang ZB, Li TG, Wang M. [Comparison of epidemic characteristics between severe acute respiratory syndrome and coronavirus disease 2019]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 54:726-730. [PMID: 32842293 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200312-00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To compare epidemic characteristics between severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: The general information, including epidemiological and clinical data of the confirmed cases during the epidemic period of the two infectious diseases was collected. The data of SARS in Guangzhou was derived from the technical files of Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention (GZCDC), including the statistical report and brief report of the epidemic situation (from January 2 to May 11, 2003);The data of COVID-19 in Wuhan was derived from the epidemic data published by Wuhan health and Health Committee's official website and other publicly reported documents (from December 9, 2019 to March 11, 2020). Descriptive analysis was used for a comparativeanalysis of the time and age characteristics, the number of cases, basic reproduction number (R0), proportion of medical staff in confirmed cases (%), crude mortality, etc. Results: A total of 1 072 cases of SARS in Guangzhou were included in the study. The incidence ratio of male to female was 1∶1.26. 43 cases of death were reported with a mortality rate of 4.01%. The median age was 36 years old. The proportion of medical staff in the early stage of the epidemic was 29.04% (88 cases). As to COVID-19 in Wuhan, a total of 49 978 cases were included, The incidence ratio of male to female was 1.04∶1. The 2 423 cases of death were reported with a mortality rate of 4.85%. The median age was 56 years old. The proportion of medical staff in the early stage of the epidemic was 30.43% (42 cases). Conclusion: The COVID-19 in Wuhan has the characteristics of high incidence and wide population. However, the epidemic situation is falling rapidly, and the prevention and control strategy needs to be adjusted timely. The prevention and control of nosocomial infection should be addressed in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- W F Cai
- Department Ofemergency Management,Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - J Yuan
- Department Ofemergency Management,Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - L F Huang
- Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - C Chen
- Division of Medical Administration, Guangzhou No. Eight Hospital, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Y Ma
- Division of Medical Administration, Guangzhou No. Eight Hospital, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - H Wang
- Division of Medical Administration, Guangzhou No. Eight Hospital, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - C H Zhang
- Department of Immunization Planning, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Z B Zhang
- Division of Medical Administration, Guangzhou No. Eight Hospital, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - T G Li
- Guagnzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - M Wang
- Division of Medical Administration, Guangzhou No. Eight Hospital, Guangzhou 510440, China
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3
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Li XQ, Cai WF, Huang LF, Chen C, Liu YF, Zhang ZB, Yuan J, Li TG, Wang M. [Comparison of epidemic characteristics between SARS in 2003 and COVID-19 in 2020 in Guangzhou]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020; 41:634-637. [PMID: 32159317 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200228-00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: By analyzing the epidemic characteristics and related indicators of SARS and COVID-19, to explore the reasons for the similarities and differences of the two epidemics, so as to provide reference for epidemic prevention and control. Methods: The general situation, clinical classification, activity history, contact history, family members' contact and incidence of the two infectious diseases in Guangzhou were collected and used to analyze the time characteristics, occupational characteristics, age characteristics and other key indicators of the two diseases, including the number of cases, composition ratio (%), mean, median, crude mortality, etc. Results: A total of 1 072 cases of SARS were included in the study. Three hundred and fifty three were severe cases with the incidence of 30.13%. Forty three cases of death were reported with a mortality rate of 4.01%. The average age was 46 years old, and 26.31% of the cases were medical staff. The interval time between first report to continuous zero reports was 129 days. As to COVID-19, a total of 346 cases were included. 58 of which were severe cases with the incidence of 16.67%. One case of death was reported with a mortality rate of 0.29%. The average age was 38 years old, and no hospital infection among medical staff was reported. The interval time between first report to continuous zero reports was 35 days. Conclusions: The prevention and control strategies for COVID-19 were more effective compared to that of SARS, and the emergency response procedures were worth to be evaluated and summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Q Li
- Guagnzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - W F Cai
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - L F Huang
- Guagnzhou No. Eight Hospital, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - C Chen
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Y F Liu
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Z B Zhang
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - J Yuan
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - T G Li
- Guagnzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - M Wang
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
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Liu GS, Gardner G, Adly G, Jiang M, Cai WF, Lam CK, Alogaili F, Robbins N, Rubinstein J, Kranias EG. A novel human S10F-Hsp20 mutation induces lethal peripartum cardiomyopathy. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:3911-3919. [PMID: 29761889 PMCID: PMC6050507 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 20 (Hsp20) has been shown to be a critical regulator of cardiomyocyte survival upon cardiac stress. In this study, we investigated the functional significance of a novel human Hsp20 mutation (S10F) in peripartum cardiomyopathy. Previous findings showed that cardiac-specific overexpression of this mutant were associated with reduced autophagy, left ventricular dysfunction and early death in male mice. However, this study indicates that females have normal function with no alterations in autophagy but died within a week after 1-4 pregnancies. Further examination of mutant females revealed left ventricular chamber dilation and hypertrophic remodelling. Echocardiography demonstrated increases in left ventricular end-systolic volume and left ventricular end-diastolic volume, while ejection fraction and fractional shortening were depressed following pregnancy. Subsequent studies revealed that cardiomyocyte apoptosis was elevated in mutant female hearts after the third delivery, associated with decreases in the levels of Bcl-2/Bax and Akt phosphorylation. These results indicate that the human S10F mutant is associated with dysregulation of cell survival signalling, accelerated heart failure and early death post-partum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Sheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology & Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - George Gardner
- Department of Pharmacology & Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - George Adly
- Department of Pharmacology & Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Wen-Feng Cai
- Department of Pathology & Lab Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Chi Keung Lam
- Department of Pharmacology & Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Fawzi Alogaili
- Department of Pharmacology & Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Nathan Robbins
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jack Rubinstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Evangelia G Kranias
- Department of Pharmacology & Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Molecular Biology Division, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
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5
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Li YL, Cai WF, Wang L, Liu GS, Paul C, Jiang L, Wang B, Gao X, Wang Y, Wu SZ. Identification of the Functional Autophagy-Regulatory Domain in HCLS1-Associated Protein X-1 That Resists Against Oxidative Stress. DNA Cell Biol 2018; 37:432-441. [PMID: 29461873 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2017.3873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
HCLS1 Associated Protein X-1 (HAX1) promotes cell survival through attenuation of the damaged signals from endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, which are known as prominent intracellular compartments for the autophagic process under stress conditions. This study investigates whether autophagy can be upregulated in response to HAX1 overexpression and identifies the functional motif in HAX1 responsible for the autophagic induction. Autophagosome accumulation, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), and apoptosis were assessed in HEK293 cells post transduction with full-length or truncated HAX1-encoding genes, while empty vector-transduced cells served as control. Upon the oxidative stress, the enhanced autophagy induction was observed in cells overexpressing HAX1, as well as HAX1 truncations that encode peptide segments ranging from amino acids 127-180 (AA127-180). This protective response was further supported by flow cytometry and Western Blot results, in which oxidative stress-induced Δψm dissipation and the programmed cell death were suppressed in HAX1-overexpressing cells, associated with reduced DNA fragmentation and decreased Caspase-9 cleavage. Interestingly, the HAX1-induced autophagy response was abrogated when AA127-180 was removed, compromising the antiapoptotic effects upon oxidative stress. Overall, these data indicate that autophagy induction is involved in HAX1-induced cell protective mechanism, and AA127-180 serves as the functional autophagy-regulatory domain of this antiapoptotic protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Lan Li
- 1 Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University School of Medicine , Xining, China .,2 Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital , Xining, China .,3 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Wen-Feng Cai
- 3 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Lei Wang
- 3 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Guan-Sheng Liu
- 4 Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Christian Paul
- 3 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Lin Jiang
- 3 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Boyu Wang
- 5 Samaritan Medical Center , Watertown, New York
| | - Xiang Gao
- 1 Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University School of Medicine , Xining, China
| | - Yigang Wang
- 3 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center , Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Shi-Zheng Wu
- 1 Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University School of Medicine , Xining, China .,2 Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital , Xining, China
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6
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Liu GS, Zhu H, Cai WF, Wang X, Jiang M, Essandoh K, Vafiadaki E, Haghighi K, Lam CK, Gardner G, Adly G, Nicolaou P, Sanoudou D, Liang Q, Rubinstein J, Fan GC, Kranias EG. Regulation of BECN1-mediated autophagy by HSPB6: Insights from a human HSPB6 S10F mutant. Autophagy 2018; 14:80-97. [PMID: 29157081 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2017.1392420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
HSPB6/Hsp20 (heat shock protein family B [small] member 6) has emerged as a novel cardioprotector against stress-induced injury. We identified a human mutant of HSPB6 (HSPB6S10F) exclusively present in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) patients. Cardiac expression of this mutant in mouse hearts resulted in remodeling and dysfunction, which progressed to heart failure and early death. These detrimental effects were associated with reduced interaction of mutant HSPB6S10F with BECN1/Beclin 1, leading to BECN1 ubiquitination and its proteosomal degradation. As a result, autophagy flux was substantially inhibited and apoptosis was increased in HSPB6S10F-mutant hearts. In contrast, overexpression of wild-type HSPB6 (HSPB6 WT) not only increased BECN1 levels, but also competitively suppressed binding of BECN1 to BCL2, resulting in stimulated autophagy. Indeed, preinhibition of autophagy attenuated the cardioprotective effects of HSPB6 WT. Taken together, these findings reveal a new regulatory mechanism of HSPB6 in cell survival through its interaction with BECN1. Furthermore, Ser10 appears to be crucial for the protective effects of HSPB6 and transversion of this amino acid to Phe contributes to cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Sheng Liu
- a Department of Pharmacology & System Physiology , University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati , OH , USA
| | - Hongyan Zhu
- a Department of Pharmacology & System Physiology , University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati , OH , USA
| | - Wen-Feng Cai
- b Department of Pathology & Lab Medicine , University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati , OH , USA
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- a Department of Pharmacology & System Physiology , University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati , OH , USA
| | - Min Jiang
- c Department of Internal Medicine , University of Cincinnati College of Medicine. Cincinnati , OH , USA
| | - Kobina Essandoh
- a Department of Pharmacology & System Physiology , University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati , OH , USA
| | - Elizabeth Vafiadaki
- d Molecular Biology Division, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Kobra Haghighi
- a Department of Pharmacology & System Physiology , University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati , OH , USA
| | - Chi Keung Lam
- a Department of Pharmacology & System Physiology , University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati , OH , USA
| | - George Gardner
- a Department of Pharmacology & System Physiology , University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati , OH , USA
| | - George Adly
- a Department of Pharmacology & System Physiology , University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati , OH , USA
| | - Persoulla Nicolaou
- a Department of Pharmacology & System Physiology , University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati , OH , USA
| | - Despina Sanoudou
- d Molecular Biology Division, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Qiangrong Liang
- e Department of Biomedical Sciences , New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine , Old Westbury , NY , USA
| | - Jack Rubinstein
- c Department of Internal Medicine , University of Cincinnati College of Medicine. Cincinnati , OH , USA
| | - Guo-Chang Fan
- a Department of Pharmacology & System Physiology , University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati , OH , USA
| | - Evangelia G Kranias
- a Department of Pharmacology & System Physiology , University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati , OH , USA.,d Molecular Biology Division, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens , Athens , Greece
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Bidwell PA, Liu GS, Nagarajan N, Lam CK, Haghighi K, Gardner G, Cai WF, Zhao W, Mugge L, Vafiadaki E, Sanoudou D, Rubinstein J, Lebeche D, Hajjar R, Sadoshima J, Kranias EG. HAX-1 regulates SERCA2a oxidation and degradation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 114:220-233. [PMID: 29169992 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion injury is associated with contractile dysfunction and increased cardiomyocyte death. Overexpression of the hematopoietic lineage substrate-1-associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) has been shown to protect from cellular injury but the function of endogenous HAX-1 remains obscure due to early lethality of the knockout mouse. Herein we generated a cardiac-specific and inducible HAX-1 deficient model, which uncovered an unexpected role of HAX-1 in regulation of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca-ATPase (SERCA2a) in ischemia/reperfusion injury. Although ablation of HAX-1 in the adult heart elicited no morphological alterations under non-stress conditions, it diminished contractile recovery and increased infarct size upon ischemia/reperfusion injury. These detrimental effects were associated with increased loss of SERCA2a. Enhanced SERCA2a degradation was not due to alterations in calpain and calpastatin levels or calpain activity. Conversely, HAX-1 overexpression improved contractile recovery and maintained SERCA2a levels. The regulatory effects of HAX-1 on SERCA2a degradation were observed at multiple levels, including intact hearts, isolated cardiomyocytes and sarcoplasmic reticulum microsomes. Mechanistically, HAX-1 ablation elicited increased production of reactive oxygen species at the sarco/endoplasic reticulum compartment, resulting in SERCA2a oxidation and a predisposition to its proteolysis. This effect may be mediated by NAPDH oxidase 4 (NOX4), a novel binding partner of HAX-1. Accordingly, NOX inhibition with apocynin abrogated the effects of HAX-1 ablation in hearts subjected to ischemia/reperfusion injury. Taken together, our findings reveal a role of HAX-1 in the regulation of oxidative stress and SERCA2a degradation, implicating its importance in calcium homeostasis and cell survival pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip A Bidwell
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Guan-Sheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Narayani Nagarajan
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Chi Keung Lam
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kobra Haghighi
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - George Gardner
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Wen-Feng Cai
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Wen Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Luke Mugge
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Elizabeth Vafiadaki
- Molecular Biology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Despina Sanoudou
- Molecular Biology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece; 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Jack Rubinstein
- Division of Cardiology, Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Djamel Lebeche
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roger Hajjar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Evangelia G Kranias
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Molecular Biology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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8
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Cai WF, Li S, Xie L, Yao LL, Wang CH, Ren ZH. [Influence of age on the effectiveness of revascularization in immature permanent teeth]. Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue 2017; 26:545-548. [PMID: 29308519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of age on the potential of dental pulp regeneration in young permanent teeth with periapical periodontitis. METHODS A total of 30 mandibular premolars from 9-18 years old patients with pulp necrosis were divided into 2 groups, group A (younger age group): 9-13 years old, and group B (older age group): 14-18 years old. Revascularization procedures were performed for all patients. Follow-up was done for up to 18 months. Standardized radiographs of cone-beam CT (CBCT) were digitally evaluated for increase in root length and thickness. The data were analyzed by nonparametric two sample rank sum test using SPSS13.0 software package. RESULTS After 18 months of follow-up, the clinical symptoms of the two groups disappeared. The cure rate of group A was significantly higher than that of group B (P=0.003). Radiographic analysis showed that the root length and root canal wall thickness in group A was significantly greater than those in group B (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Root canal revascularization can be widely used in the treatment of dental pulp necrosis in young permanent teeth. The closer the age is to the eruption time, the higher the potential of dental pulp regeneration, and the more suitable for root canal revascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Feng Cai
- Department of Endodontics, Hefei Stomatological Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University. Hefei 230000, China. E-mail:
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9
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Wu SZ, Li YL, Huang W, Cai WF, Liang J, Paul C, Jiang L, Wu ZC, Xu M, Zhu P, Wang Y. Paracrine effect of CXCR4-overexpressing mesenchymal stem cells on ischemic heart injury. Cell Biochem Funct 2017; 35:113-123. [PMID: 28233339 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
It has been reported that CXCR4-overexpressing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCCX4 ) can repair heart tissue post myocardial infarction. This study aims to investigate the MSCCX4-derived paracrine cardio-protective signaling in the presence of myocardial infarction. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were divided into 3 groups: MSC only, MSCCX4 , and CXCR4 gene-specific siRNA-transduced MSC. Mesenchymal stem cells were exposed to hypoxia, and then MSCs-conditioned culture medium was incubated with neonatal and adult cardiomyocytes, respectively. Cell proliferation-regulating genes were assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In vitro: The number of cardiomyocytes undergoing DNA synthesis, cytokinesis, and mitosis was increased to a greater extent in MSCCX4 medium-treated group than control group, while this proproliferative effect was reduced in CXCR4 gene-specific siRNA-transduced MSC-treated cells. Accordingly, the maximal enhancement of vascular endothelial growth factor, cyclin 2, and transforming growth factor-β2 was observed in hypoxia-exposed MSCCX4 . In vivo: MSCs were labeled with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and engrafted into injured myocardium in rats. The number of EGFP and CD31 positive cells in the MSCCX4 group was significantly increased than other 2 groups, associated with the reduced left ventricular (LV) fibrosis, the increased LV free wall thickness, the enhanced angiogenesis, and the improved contractile function. CXCR4 overexpression can mobilize MSCs into ischemic area, whereby these cells can promoted angiogenesis and alleviate LV remodeling via paracrine signaling mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Zheng Wu
- Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Ying-Lan Li
- Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, Qinghai, China.,Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Wen-Feng Cai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jialiang Liang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Christian Paul
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Zhi-Chao Wu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Meifeng Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Ping Zhu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yigang Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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10
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Shen HM, Chen C, Jiang JY, Zheng YL, Cai WF, Wang B, Ling Z, Tang L, Wang YH, Shi GG. The N-butyl alcohol extract from Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. flowers enhances healing potential on rat excisional wounds. J Ethnopharmacol 2017; 198:291-301. [PMID: 28088494 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. (HRS), a folk medicine named Zhujin in China, possess anti-tumor, antioxidant, antibacterial, low density lipoprotein oxidation prevention and macrophage death prevention effects. The leaves and red flowers of HRS have been traditionally used to treat with furuncle and ulceration. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the efficacy and possible mechanism of the N-butyl alcohol extract of HRS (NHRS) red flowers in wound healing by analyzing the collagen fiber deposition, angiogenic activity and macrophages action of the NHRS. MATERIALS AND METHODS In an excisional wound healing model in rats, different concentrations of NHRS, or recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor (rbFGF), were respectively applied twice daily for 9 days. Histopathology was assessed on day 9 via hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Masson's trichrome (MT) staining, and immunohistochemistry for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and CD68. Immunomodulation by NHRS was evaluated by a carbon clearance test in mice. RESULTS Wound healing post-surgery was greater in the rbFGF-control, NHRS-M and MHRS-H groups than in the model and 5% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)-control groups after the third day. By the sixth day the wound contraction of NHRS-M and MHRS-H groups was much higher than the rbFGF-control group. HE and MT staining revealed that epithelialization, fibroblast distribution, collagen deposition of NHRS-M- and NHRS-H-control groups were significantly higher than the model group. Moreover, immunohistochemistry showed more intense staining of VEGF, TGF-β1 and CD68 in the rbFGF- and NHRS-control groups, compared to that in model and 5% DMSO-control groups. The clearance and phagocytic indices of NHRS-M- and NHRS-H-control groups were significantly higher than that of the carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) group in mice. CONCLUSION NHRS accelerates wound repair via enhancing the macrophages activity, accelerating angiogenesis and collagen fiber deposition response mediated by VEGF and TGF-β1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Yang Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Lin Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Feng Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Ling
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Hang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang-Gang Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Cai WF, Wang L, Liu GS, Zhu P, Paul C, Wang Y. Manipulating the Hippo-Yap signal cascade in stem cells for heart regeneration. Ann Palliat Med 2017; 5:125-34. [PMID: 27121740 DOI: 10.21037/apm.2016.03.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo-Yap pathway was originally recognized as a crucial signal cascade controlling organ size, and more recently identified as an important component involved in the regulation of cardiomyocyte survival, proliferation, and regeneration. Negative stress responses can activate mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1 (Mst1) to suppress protective autophagy and promote cardiomyocyte apoptosis via phosphorylation and inhibition of Bcl-xL. Moreover, decreased Yap activity and nuclear entry will decrease upon Mst1 activation, ultimately suppressing cardiomyocytes proliferation and regeneration. Based on these observations, there are potential therapeutic opportunities in cardiac structural and functional regeneration post myocardium infarction to be gained by manipulation of the Hippo-Yap signal cascade. This review will summarize the main components of the Hippo-Yap pathway and their molecular biological functions. It will then highlight the role of these signal modules in the acquisition of stem cell pluripotency, cardiogenic differentiation, cardiomyocyte proliferation and maturation, and mitochondrial biogenesis in cardiac stem cells. Finally, it will discuss the potential for future studies of Hippo-Yap pathway using induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Feng Cai
- Department of Pathology & Lab Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pathology & Lab Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575, USA
| | - Guan-Sheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology & Cell Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575, USA
| | - Pin Zhu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Christian Paul
- Department of Pathology & Lab Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575, USA
| | - Yigang Wang
- Department of Pathology & Lab Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575, USA.
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12
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Cai WF, Huang W, Wang L, Wang JP, Zhang L, Ashraf M, Wu S, Wang Y. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells derived Muscle Progenitors Effectively Mitigate Muscular Dystrophy through Restoring the Dystrophin Distribution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 6. [PMID: 28979820 PMCID: PMC5624556 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7633.1000361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Background Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a recessive form of muscular disorder, resulting from the dystrophin gene mutations in X-chromosome. Application of embryonic stem cells or adult stem cells has demonstrated the therapeutic effects on DMD through both cell-based and non-cell based mechanisms. In this study, we proposed that Myogenic Progenitor Cells from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSC-MPCs) would be more effective in repairing muscle damage caused by muscular dystrophy. Methods and results Mouse iPSCs were cultured in myogenic differentiation culture medium and the MPCs were characterized using Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and flow cytometry. iPSCs were successfully converted into MPCs, as evidenced by the distinct expression of myogenic genes and cell surface markers. The muscle injury was induced in tibialis muscle of mdx mouse by cardiotoxin injection, and the iPSC-MPCs were then engrafted into the damage site. Firefly luciferase expression vector was transduced into iPSC-MPCs and the in vivo bioluminescence imaging analysis revealed that these progenitor cells survived even at 30-days post transplantation. Importantly, histological analysis revealed that the central nuclei percentage, as well as fibrosis, was significantly reduced in the iPSC-MPCs treated muscle. In addition,the transplantation of progenitor cells restored the distributions of dystrophin and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors together with up-regulation of pair box protein 7(Pax7), a myogenic transcription factor. Conclusion iPSCs-derived MPCs exert strong therapeutic effects on muscular dystrophy by restoring dystrophin expression and acetylcholine receptor distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Feng Cai
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0529, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0529, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0529, USA
| | - Jia-Peng Wang
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0529, USA
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0529, USA.,Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Shizheng Wu
- Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, 2 Gonghe Rd, Xining, Qinghai, 810007, China
| | - Yigang Wang
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0529, USA
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13
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Lam CK, Zhao W, Liu GS, Cai WF, Gardner G, Adly G, Kranias EG. HAX-1 regulates cyclophilin-D levels and mitochondria permeability transition pore in the heart. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E6466-75. [PMID: 26553996 PMCID: PMC4664353 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1508760112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The major underpinning of massive cell death associated with myocardial infarction involves opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), resulting in disruption of mitochondria membrane integrity and programmed necrosis. Studies in human lymphocytes suggested that the hematopoietic-substrate-1 associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) is linked to regulation of mitochondrial membrane function, but its role in controlling mPTP activity remains obscure. Herein we used models with altered HAX-1 expression levels in the heart and uncovered an unexpected role of HAX-1 in regulation of mPTP and cardiomyocyte survival. Cardiac-specific HAX-1 overexpression was associated with resistance against loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, induced by oxidative stress, whereas HAX-1 heterozygous deficiency exacerbated vulnerability. The protective effects of HAX-1 were attributed to specific down-regulation of cyclophilin-D levels leading to reduction in mPTP activation. Accordingly, cyclophilin-D and mPTP were increased in heterozygous hearts, but genetic ablation of cyclophilin-D in these hearts significantly alleviated their susceptibility to ischemia/reperfusion injury. Mechanistically, alterations in cyclophilin-D levels by HAX-1 were contributed by the ubiquitin-proteosomal degradation pathway. HAX-1 overexpression enhanced cyclophilin-D ubiquitination, whereas proteosomal inhibition restored cyclophilin-D levels. The regulatory effects of HAX-1 were mediated through interference of cyclophilin-D binding to heat shock protein-90 (Hsp90) in mitochondria, rendering it susceptible to degradation. Accordingly, enhanced Hsp90 expression in HAX-1 overexpressing cardiomyocytes increased cyclophilin-D levels, as well as mPTP activation upon oxidative stress. Taken together, our findings reveal the role of HAX-1 in regulating cyclophilin-D levels via an Hsp90-dependent mechanism, resulting in protection against activation of mPTP and subsequent cell death responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Keung Lam
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575
| | - Wen Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575
| | - Guan-Sheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575
| | - Wen-Feng Cai
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575
| | - George Gardner
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575
| | - George Adly
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575
| | - Evangelia G Kranias
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575
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14
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Cai WF, Liu GS, Lam CK, Florea S, Qian J, Zhao W, Pritchard T, Haghighi K, Lebeche D, Lu LJ, Deng J, Fan GC, Hajjar RJ, Kranias EG. Up-regulation of micro-RNA765 in human failing hearts is associated with post-transcriptional regulation of protein phosphatase inhibitor-1 and depressed contractility. Eur J Heart Fail 2015; 17:782-93. [PMID: 26177627 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Impaired sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+) cycling and depressed contractility, a hallmark of human and experimental heart failure, has been partially attributed to increased protein phosphatase 1 (PP-1) activity, associated with down-regulation of its endogenous inhibitor-1. The levels and activity of inhibitor-1 are reduced in failing hearts, contributing to dephosphorylation and inactivation of key calcium cycling proteins. Therefore, we investigated the mechanisms that mediate decreases in inhibitor-1 by post-transcriptional modification. METHODS AND RESULTS Bioinformatics revealed that 17 human microRNAs may serve as modulators of inhibitor-1. However, real-time PCR analysis identified only one of these microRNAs, miR-765, as being increased in human failing hearts concomitant with decreased inhibitor-1 levels. Expression of miR-765 in HEK293 cells or mouse ventricular myocytes confirmed suppression of inhibitor-1 levels through binding of this miR-765 to the 3'-untranslated region of inhibitor-1 mRNA. To determine the functional significance of miR-765 in Ca(2+) cycling, pri-miR-765 as well as a non-translated nucleotide sequence (miR-Ctrl) were expressed in adult mouse ventricular myocytes. The inhibitor-1 expression levels were decreased, accompanied by enhanced PP-1 activity in the miR-765 cardiomyocytes, and these reflected depressed contractile mechanics and Ca(2+) transients, compared with the miR-Ctrl group. The depressive effects were associated with decreases in the phosphorylation of phospholamban and SR Ca(2+) load. These miR-765 negative inotropic effects were abrogated in inhibitor-1-deficient cardiomyocytes, suggesting its apparent specificity for inhibitor-1. CONCLUSIONS miR-765 levels are increased in human failing hearts. Such increases may contribute to depressed cardiac function through reduced inhibitor-1 expression and enhanced PP-1 activity, associated with reduced SR Ca(2+) load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Feng Cai
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Guan-Sheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Chi Keung Lam
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Stela Florea
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jiang Qian
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Wen Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Tracy Pritchard
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kobra Haghighi
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Djamel Lebeche
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Long Jason Lu
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jingyuan Deng
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Guo-Chang Fan
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Roger J Hajjar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Evangelia G Kranias
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Molecular Biology Division, Center for Basic Research, Foundation for Biomedical Research of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
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15
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Liu GS, Morales A, Vafiadaki E, Lam CK, Cai WF, Haghighi K, Adly G, Hershberger RE, Kranias EG. A novel human R25C-phospholamban mutation is associated with super-inhibition of calcium cycling and ventricular arrhythmia. Cardiovasc Res 2015; 107:164-74. [PMID: 25852082 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Depressed sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+) cycling, a universal characteristic of human and experimental heart failure, may be associated with genetic alterations in key Ca(2+)-handling proteins. In this study, we identified a novel PLN mutation (R25C) in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and investigated its functional significance in cardiomyocyte Ca(2+)-handling and contractility. METHODS AND RESULTS Exome sequencing identified a C73T substitution in the coding region of PLN in a family with DCM. The four heterozygous family members had implantable cardiac defibrillators, and three developed prominent ventricular arrhythmias. Overexpression of R25C-PLN in adult rat cardiomyocytes significantly suppressed the Ca(2+) affinity of SR Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA2a), resulting in decreased SR Ca(2+) content, Ca(2+) transients, and impaired contractile function, compared with WT-PLN. These inhibitory effects were associated with enhanced interaction of R25C-PLN with SERCA2, which was prevented by PKA phosphorylation. Accordingly, isoproterenol stimulation relieved the depressive effects of R25C-PLN in cardiomyocytes. However, R25C-PLN also elicited increases in the frequency of Ca(2+) sparks and waves as well as stress-induced aftercontractions. This was accompanied by increased Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II activity and hyper-phosphorylation of RyR2 at serine 2814. CONCLUSION The findings demonstrate that human R25C-PLN is associated with super-inhibition of SERCA2a and Ca(2+) transport as well as increased SR Ca(2+) leak, promoting arrhythmogenesis under stress conditions. This is the first mechanistic evidence that increased PLN inhibition may impact both SR Ca(2+) uptake and Ca(2+) release activities and suggests that the human R25C-PLN may be a prognostic factor for increased ventricular arrhythmia risk in DCM carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Sheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, PO Box 670575, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ana Morales
- Division of Human Genetics, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 45267-0575, USA
| | - Elizabeth Vafiadaki
- Molecular Biology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Greece
| | - Chi Keung Lam
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, PO Box 670575, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Wen-Feng Cai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kobra Haghighi
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, PO Box 670575, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - George Adly
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, PO Box 670575, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ray E Hershberger
- Division of Human Genetics, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 45267-0575, USA Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Evangelia G Kranias
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, PO Box 670575, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, USA Molecular Biology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Greece
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16
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Cai WF, Kang K, Huang W, Liang JL, Feng YL, Liu GS, Chang DH, Wen ZL, Paul C, Xu M, Millard RW, Wang Y. CXCR4 attenuates cardiomyocytes mitochondrial dysfunction to resist ischaemia-reperfusion injury. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:1825-35. [PMID: 25824297 PMCID: PMC4549033 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4) is expressed on native cardiomyocytes and can modulate isolated cardiomyocyte contractility. This study examines the role of CXCR4 in cardiomyocyte response to ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Isolated adult rat ventricular cardiomyocytes were subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to simulate I/R injury. In response to H/R injury, the decrease in CXCR4 expression was associated with dysfunctional energy metabolism indicated by an increased adenosine diphosphate/adenosine triphosphate (ADP/ATP) ratio. CXCR4-overexpressing cardiomyocytes were used to determine whether such overexpression (OE) can prevent bio-energetic disruption-associated cell death. CXCR4 OE was performed with adenoviral infection with CXCR4 encoding-gene or non-translated nucleotide sequence (Control). The increased CXCR4 expression was observed in cardiomyocytes post CXCR4-adenovirus transduction and this OE significantly reduced the cardiomyocyte contractility under basal conditions. Although the same extent of H/R-provoked cytosolic calcium overload was measured, the hydrogen peroxide-induced decay of mitochondrial membrane potential was suppressed in CXCR4 OE group compared with control group, and the mitochondrial swelling was significantly attenuated in CXCR4 group, implicating that CXCR4 OE prevents permeability transition pore opening exposure to overload calcium. Interestingly, this CXCR4-induced mitochondrial protective effect is associated with the enhanced signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (expression in mitochondria. Consequently, in the presence of H/R, mitochondrial dysfunction was mitigated and cardiomyocyte death was decreased to 65% in the CXCR4 OE group as compared with the control group. I/R injury leads to the reduction in CXCR4 in cardiomyocytes associated with the dysfunctional energy metabolism, and CXCR4 OE can alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction to improve cardiomyocyte survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Feng Cai
- Department of Pathology & Lab Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kai Kang
- Department of Pathology & Lab Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pathology & Lab Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jia-Liang Liang
- Department of Pathology & Lab Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yu-Liang Feng
- Department of Pathology & Lab Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Guan-Sheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology & Cell Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - De-Hua Chang
- Department of Pathology & Lab Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Zhi-Li Wen
- Department of Pathology & Lab Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Christian Paul
- Department of Pathology & Lab Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Meifeng Xu
- Department of Pathology & Lab Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ronald W Millard
- Department of Pharmacology & Cell Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yigang Wang
- Department of Pathology & Lab Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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17
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Cai WF, Xie HP, Liu YF, Yuan J, Xiao XC, Ding P, Chen C, Zhang D, Chen JD, Ma XW, Geng JM, Lin DM, Lian GX, Yang ZC. [An epidemiological investigation on a food-born outbreak of noroviru caused by Sydney 2012 G II.4 strain]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2013; 34:804-807. [PMID: 24423768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the source of infection, route of transmission and risk factors related to a cluster of acute gastroenteritis cases in a university of Guangzhou. METHODS Cases were identified according to the definition. Descriptive epidemiological approaches and case-control study designs were employed in the analysis. All the samples were tested for norovirus by RT-PCR. Positive samples were subjected to both nucleotide sequence and homology analysis. RESULTS A total of 141 cases related to norovirus gastroenteritis were identified in January 8 to 21, 2013, with the attack rate as 8.5 per thousand (141/16,600). The peak in morbidity was seen on January 8 to 9. No clustering was found in different classes or dormitories. Results from the case-control study revealed that early cases were infected in Restaurant A (OR = 3.46, 95% CI: 1.07-11.16) and the cold shredded chicken set meal (OR = 17.82, 95% CI: 4.46-78.17) served at lunch (OR = 4.34, 95% CI: 1.18 -17.37) on January 7 was under suspicion. A total of 266 samples, including rectal swabs from the patients and kitchen wokers, leftover food and environmental swabs, were collected. Twenty-one samples (collected from 17 persons) were positive for norovirus by RT-PCR. About 29.6% (8/27) of the kitchen workers in the Restaurant A were tested positive for the virus. The pathogen was identified as the new norovirus genotype II.4 variant, termed Sydney 2012. The virus strains isolated from the patients among student and staff and the kitchen workers were 100% identical in their nucleotide sequence. CONCLUSION This was the first reported acute gastroenteritis outbreak caused by the new norovirus genotype II.4 variant, Sydney 2012, which showed that the food was contaminated by the asymptomatic kitchen workers who carried the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Feng Cai
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Hua-Ping Xie
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Yu-Fei Liu
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Jun Yuan
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Xin-Cai Xiao
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Peng Ding
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Chun Chen
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Du Zhang
- Conghua Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou
| | - Jian-Dong Chen
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Ma
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Jin-Mei Geng
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Dong-Ming Lin
- Panyu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou
| | - Gui-Xiong Lian
- Panyu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou
| | - Zhi-Cong Yang
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
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Florea S, Anjak A, Cai WF, Qian J, Vafiadaki E, Figueria S, Haghighi K, Rubinstein J, Lorenz J, Kranias EG. Constitutive phosphorylation of inhibitor-1 at Ser67 and Thr75 depresses calcium cycling in cardiomyocytes and leads to remodeling upon aging. Basic Res Cardiol 2012; 107:279. [PMID: 22777184 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-012-0279-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Revised: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The activity of protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) inhibitor-1 (I-1) is antithetically modulated by the cAMP-protein kinase A (PKA) and Ca(2+)-protein kinase C (PKC) signaling axes. β-adrenergic (β-AR) stimulation results in PKA-phosphorylation of I-1 at threonine 35 (Thr35) and depressed PP1 activity, while PKC phosphorylation at serine 67 (Ser67) and/or Thr75 increases PP1 activity. In heart failure, pThr35 is decreased while pSer67 and pThr75 are elevated. However, the role of Ser67/Thr75 phosphorylation in vivo and its effects on Ca(2+)-cycling are not known. Thus, our aim was to investigate the functional significance of Ser67 and Thr75 phosphorylation in intact hearts. We generated transgenic mice (TG) with cardiac-specific overexpression of constitutively phosphorylated I-1 at Ser67 and Thr75 (S67D/T75D) and evaluated cardiac function. The S67D/T75D cardiomyocytes exhibited significantly depressed Ca(2+)-kinetics and contractile parameters, compared with wild-type (WT) cells. The decreased Ca(2+)-cycling was associated with a 27 % increase in PP1 activity, no alterations in PP2 activity and impaired phosphorylation of myosin-binding protein-C (MyBPC). Upon aging, there was cardiac remodeling associated with increases in systolic and diastolic left ventricular internal diameter dimensions (at 16 months), compared with WTs. The results indicate that phosphorylation of I-1 at Ser67 and Thr75 is associated with increased PP1 activity and depressed cardiomyocyte Ca(2+)-cycling, which manifests in geometrical alterations over the long term. Thus, hyperphosphorylation of these sites in failing hearts may contribute to deteriorative remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stela Florea
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
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Cai WF, Pritchard T, Florea S, Lam CK, Han P, Zhou X, Yuan Q, Lehnart SE, Allen PD, Kranias EG. Ablation of junctin or triadin is associated with increased cardiac injury following ischaemia/reperfusion. Cardiovasc Res 2012; 94:333-41. [PMID: 22411973 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvs119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Junctin and triadin are calsequestrin-binding proteins that regulate sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+) release by interacting with the ryanodine receptor. The levels of these proteins are significantly down-regulated in failing human hearts. However, the significance of such decreases is currently unknown. Here, we addressed the functional role of these accessory proteins in the heart's responses to ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS AND RESULTS Isolated mouse hearts were subjected to global I/R, and contractile parameters were assessed in wild-type (WT), junctin-knockout (JKO), and triadin-knockout (TKO) hearts. Both JKO and TKO were associated with significantly depressed post-I/R contractile recovery. However, ablation of triadin resulted in the most severe post-I/R phenotype. The additional contractile impairment of TKO hearts was not related to a mitochondrial death pathway, but attributed to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis. Activation of the X-box-binding protein-1 and transcriptional up-regulation of C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP) provided a molecular mechanism of caspase-12-dependent apoptosis in myocytes. In addition, elevation of cytosolic Ca(2+) during reperfusion was associated with the activation of calpain proteases and troponin I breakdown. Accordingly, treatment with the calpain inhibitor MDL-28170 significantly ameliorated post-I/R impairment of contractile recovery in intact hearts. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that deficiency of either junctin or triadin impairs the contractile recovery in post-ischaemic hearts, which appears to be primarily attributed to increased ER stress and activation of calpain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Feng Cai
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575, USA
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Cai WF, Zhang XW, Yan HM, Ma YG, Wang XX, Yan J, Xin BM, Lv XX, Wang QQ, Wang ZY, Yang HZ, Hu ZW. Intracellular or extracellular heat shock protein 70 differentially regulates cardiac remodelling in pressure overload mice. Cardiovasc Res 2010; 88:140-9. [PMID: 20542874 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvq182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Innate and adaptive immune responses are associated with the development of hypertension-induced myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. As a result, we investigated whether heat shock protein (HSP) 70, which is a molecule of damage-associated molecular patterns, could induce inflammation in the myocardium and promote the development of hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. METHODS AND RESULTS We found that HSP70 serum levels, as well as the amount of HSP70 translocation to the cardiomyocyte membranes and the interstitial space, were elevated in the hypertensive mice caused by abdominal aortic constriction (AAC). Transcriptional inhibition of HSP70 expression by a specific heat shock transcript factor inhibitor, KNK437, reduced the serum level, and the re-distribution of HSP70. It promoted myocardial hypertrophy and cardiac dysfunctions although it protected animals from AAC-induced cardiac fibrosis. On the other hand, the functional antagonism of HSP70 by an anti-HSP70 antibody attenuated AAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis without adverse haemodynamic effects. The cardioprotective effect of the anti-HSP70 antibody was largely attributed to its ability to block AAC-activated immune response in the heart, as was indicated by suppressing the hypertension-enhanced conjugation of HSP70 with toll-like receptor 4, reducing heart-infiltrating macrophages, decreasing the expression of pro-inflammatory factor monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and profibrotic factor transforming growth factor beta 1, and attenuating pro-hypertrophy signal MAPK P38 and ERK. CONCLUSION These results indicate that intracellular and extracellular HSP70 have different roles in the regulation of cardiac remodelling and function in response to hypertension. Extracellular HSP70 is a potential therapeutic target against cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Feng Cai
- The Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Yang ZC, Li TG, Liu YF, Wu XW, Yuan J, Xie CJ, Li KB, Jiang LY, Chen YY, Mao XW, Li HL, Zhan LH, Xiao XL, Liu JP, Shen JC, Cai WF, Wang M. [Epidemiological characteristic of first case of locally identified A/H1N1 secondary cases caused by imported source of infection in China]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2009; 30:684-686. [PMID: 19957590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the first locally identifed A/H1N1 secondary cases outbreak in China. METHODS Interview and field investigation were integrated to describe the whole process of transmission on each case and to illustrate the relationships between the onset of the disease and the retated factors. RESULTS Two contact persons appearanced fever and whose throat swabs were tested positive to H1N1 viral nucleic acid. The two had a history of contact in a short distance with the initial imported case without any protective measure in the poor air ventilation. The patients clinical situation was slight. The incubation was between 37 hours and 57 hours. No other new case was found after intervention as isolation and antisepsis were taken. CONCLUSION This event was proved to be an outbreak of local A/H1N1 secondary cases caused by the imported case. The main mode of transmission was personal contact in a short distance without protection, through air and droplet. The locus with poor air ventilation was high risk place. Contact persons should be observed seven days and tested continuously. Infectivity and pathogenicity of the A/H1N1 virus were limited and appeared weakened by generations. Patient's condition was related with persistence and frequency of contact with the infection sources. Enhancing management of contact persons, health education, early diagnose, early treatment and early insulation were effective measures of controling and prenventing the spread A/H1N1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Cong Yang
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
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Yang HZ, Cai WF, Hu ZW. [Damage-associated molecular patterns and chronic diseases]. Sheng Li Ke Xue Jin Zhan 2009; 40:234-240. [PMID: 19803428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Molecules of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are a class of substances released to intercellular space or peripheral blood by tissues or cells which are stimulated by insults, ischemia or stress. DAMP molecules can be recognized by Toll like receptors, Nod1-like receptors, or Rig-I like receptors and induce autoimmunity or immune tolerance, which play critical roles in various chronic diseases such as arthritis, atherosclerosis, cancer and systemic lupus erythematosus. DAMP molecules include high-mobility group B protein 1, heat shock proteins and S100 proteins etc. The identification of DAMP molecules and clarification of mechanisms of their action will greatly contribute to reveal the pathological mechanisms of chronic diseases and provide a great opportunity to develop the new strategies for the diagnosis, prevention and treatment for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Zhen Yang
- Institute of Meteria Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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Liu YY, Cai WF, Yang HZ, Cui B, Chen ZR, Liu HZ, Yan J, Jin W, Yan HM, Xin BM, Yuan B, Hua F, Hu ZW. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin and TLR4 Agonist Prevent Cardiovascular Hypertrophy and Fibrosis by Regulating Immune Microenvironment. J Immunol 2008; 180:7349-57. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.11.7349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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