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Ge X, Yang ZH, Shen Y, Liu WX, Zhai XF, Ma WF, Wang ML, Zhang W, Wang XD. [Application of synthetic MRI in predicting isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 genotypes in gliomas]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 103:2619-2623. [PMID: 37650209 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20230130-00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
This study analyzed the clinical and imaging data of 81 glioma patients who underwent brain synthetic MRI and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) examination in the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from August 2020 to September 2021 to explore the value of synthetic MRI relaxation quantitative value in predicting the genotype of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) in gliomas. There were 44 males and 37 females, those patients with an aged 50.0 (36.5, 59.0) years. The tumor pre-T1, pre-T2, pre-PD, post-T1 and ADC values were obtained by outlining the region of interest (ROI). Univariate analysis was used to compare the differences of parameter values between groups, and the receiver operating characteristic was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of each parameter value in predicting glioma IDH1 genotype. The results showed that the pre-T1 and pre-PD values [M (Q1, Q3)] of IDH1m glioma were lower than those of IDH1w glioma [1 462.75 (1 306.41, 1 567.75) ms vs 1 532.83 (1 434.67, 1 617.67) ms, 84.18 (82.28, 86.41) pu vs 85.85 (84.65, 86.90) pu] (all P<0.05). The post-T1 and ADC values of IDH1m glioma were higher than those of IDH1w glioma [1 054.50 (631.92, 1 262.63) ms vs 669.67 (535.17, 823.33) ms, 1.20 (0.86, 1.35) ×10-3 mm2/s vs 0.80 (0.76, 0.93) ×10-3 mm2/s] (all P<0.05). The AUC of the combined model (pre-T1+pre-PD+post-T1+ADC+Age) is 0.828 (95%CI:0.729-0.903). Synthetic MRI relaxation quantitative values are helpful to distinguish IDH1 genotypes in glioma. The diagnostic efficacy of the multi-parameter combined model based on pre-T1, pre-PD, post-T1, ADC, and age is better than that of the single parameter, and it can be used as an effective strategy to improve the differential diagnosis ability of gliomas molecular markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Ge
- Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Z H Yang
- Department of Radiotherapy, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Y Shen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - W X Liu
- Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - X F Zhai
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - W F Ma
- Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - M L Wang
- Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - W Zhang
- Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - X D Wang
- Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
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Zhang XF, Wang Z, Liu WX, Li F, He J, Zhang F, Zhang MY, Qi L, Li Y. [Thoracoscopic laparoscopy-assisted Ivor-Lewis resection of esophagogastric junction cancer]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2023; 45:368-374. [PMID: 37078219 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20220920-00641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the outcome of patients with esophagogastric junction cancer undergoing thoracoscopic laparoscopy-assisted Ivor-Lewis resection. Methods: Eighty-four patients who were diagnosed with esophagogastric junction cancer and underwent Ivor-Lewis resection assisted by thoracoscopic laparoscopy at the National Cancer Center from October 2019 to April 2022 were collected. The neoadjuvant treatment mode, surgical safety and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed. Results: Siewert type Ⅱ (92.8%) and adenocarcinoma (95.2%) were predominant in the cases. A total of 2 774 lymph nodes were dissected in 84 patients. The average number was 33 per case, and the median was 31. Lymph node metastasis was found in 45 patients, and the lymph node metastasis rate was 53.6% (45/84). The total number of lymph node metastasis was 294, and the degree of lymph node metastasis was 10.6%(294/2 774). Among them, abdominal lymph nodes (100%, 45/45) were more likely to metastasize than thoracic lymph nodes (13.3%, 6/45). Sixty-eight patients received neoadjuvant therapy before surgery, and nine patients achieved pathological complete remission (pCR) (13.2%, 9/68). Eighty-three patients had negative surgical margins and underwent R0 resection (98.8%, 83/84). One patient, the intraoperative frozen pathology suggested resection margin was negative, while vascular tumor thrombus was seen on the postoperative pathological margin, R1 resection was performed (1.2%, 1/84). The average operation time of the 84 patients was 234.5 (199.3, 275.0) minutes, and the intraoperative blood loss was 90 (80, 100) ml. One case of intraoperative blood transfusion, one case of postoperative transfer to ICU ward, two cases of postoperative anastomotic leakage, one case of pleural effusion requiring catheter drainage, one case of small intestinal hernia with 12mm poke hole, no postoperative intestinal obstruction, chyle leakage and other complications were observed. The number of deaths within 30 days after surgery was 0. Number of lymph nodes dissection, operation duration, and intraoperative blood loss were not related to whether neoadjuvant therapy was performed (P>0.05). Preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy or immunotherapy was not related to whether postoperative pathology achieved pCR (P>0.05). Conclusion: Laparoscopic-assisted Ivor-Lewis surgery for esophagogastric junction cancer has a low incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications, high safety, wide range of lymph node dissection, and sufficient margin length, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- X F Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Hebei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Langfang 065001, China
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - W X Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Hebei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Langfang 065001, China
| | - F Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Hebei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Langfang 065001, China
| | - J He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Heibei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - F Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - M Y Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - L Qi
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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Kang YP, Chen LY, Zhu JJ, Liu WX, Ma CS. Association of frailty with in-hospital outcomes in elderly patients with heart failure. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:11208-11219. [PMID: 35071551 PMCID: PMC8717519 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i36.11208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frailty is prevalent in elderly patients with cardiovascular diseases. However, the association between frailty and in-hospital outcomes for elderly patients with heart failure and reduced ejection (HFrEF) remains unknown.
AIM To evaluate the predictive efficacy of frailty, compared with pre-frailty, for adverse events in these patients.
METHODS Elderly patients (≥ 60 years) with HFrEF were assessed. Frailty was evaluated with the Fried phenotype criteria, and physical performance was evaluated based on handgrip strength and the short physical performance battery (SPPB). The composite incidence of adverse events, including all-cause death, multiple organ failure, cardiac shock, and malignant arrhythmia, during hospitalization was recorded.
RESULTS Overall, 252 elderly individuals with HFrEF [mean age: 69.4 ± 6.7 years, male: 169 (67.0%)] were included. One hundred and thirty-five (53.6%) patients were frail and 93 (36.9%) were pre-frail. Frail patients were older, more likely to be female, to have a lower blood pressure, and to present with left ventricular thrombosis (P all < 0.05). Frail patients with HFrEF had a higher incidence of in-hospital mortality (11.9% vs 4.3%, P = 0.048). Multivariate analyses showed that female gender (OR = 0.422), aging (OR = 1.090), poor cardiac functional class (OR = 2.167), frailty (OR = 2.379), and lower handgrip strength (OR = 1.106) were independent predictors of in-hospital adverse events (P all < 0.05).
CONCLUSION Frailty may be associated with poor in-hospital outcomes for elderly patients with HFrEF. The influence of frailty on long-term prognosis in these patients deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Peng Kang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Li-Ying Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jia-Jia Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wen-Xian Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chang-Sheng Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
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He D, Pu J, Liu WX, Zhang Y, Sun LL, Song X. [Perinatal outcomes on mortality and influencing factors among HIV-infected mothers in Sichuan province]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2021; 41:1686-1691. [PMID: 33297627 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20191225-00914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the influencing factors on perinatal mortality of pregnant women with HIV infection to reduce the mother-to-child transmission in Sichuan province. Methods: In this study, 4 786 perinatal infants of the HIV-infected pregnant women were included. Related data on perinatal epidemiology was reported by all the 183 medical and health care institutions where the HIV prevention of mother-to-child transmission program was initiated in 2005-2016. Univariate χ(2) test and multivariate logistic regression methods were used to analyze the perinatal mortality outcomes and influencing factors. Results: The overall perinatal mortality rate was 25.7‰ (123/4 786) among HIV-infected pregnant women, with annual downwarding trend (trend χ(2)=32.220, P=0.000). Perinatal mortality rate appeared the highest (χ(2)=4.130, P=0.042), with more fetal deaths and stillbirths and less early neonatal death within 7 days in Liangshan county (χ(2)=29.626, P=0.000). Results from the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that fewer pregnant numbers would contribute to the, lower perinatal mortality rate (1-2 pregnancies OR=0.417, 95%CI: 0.184-0.943; 3-4 pregnancies OR=0.447, 95%CI: 0.223-0.895). Perinatal deaths were more likely to be prevented if LPV/r protease inhibitor-based triple antiviral therapy was provided (OR=0.530, 95%CI: 0.285- 0.986) or delivery was taken place in the hospital (hospital of municipal-level and above OR=0.222, 95%CI:0.098-0.499; county-level hospital OR=0.282, 95%CI: 0.166-0.480; township-level hospital OR=0.134, 95%CI: 0.031-0.586) among HIV-infected pregnant women. However, premature delivery or neonatal asphyxia would increase the risk of perinatal mortality (premature delivery OR=8.285, 95%CI: 5.073-13.533; neonatal asphyxia OR=9.624, 95%CI: 4.625-20.028). Conclusions: The perinatal mortality rate of HIV-infected pregnant women appeared significantly higher than that in the province or the whole country. Strategies involving LPV/r-based triple antiviral therapy, promotion of hospital delivery, reducing the incidence rates of premature deliveries and neonatal asphyxia, should be strengthened.
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Affiliation(s)
- D He
- Sichuan Provincial Hospital for Women and Children, Chengdu 610045, China
| | - J Pu
- West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - W X Liu
- Sichuan Provincial Hospital for Women and Children, Chengdu 610045, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Sichuan Provincial Hospital for Women and Children, Chengdu 610045, China
| | - L L Sun
- Sichuan Provincial Hospital for Women and Children, Chengdu 610045, China
| | - X Song
- Sichuan Provincial Hospital for Women and Children, Chengdu 610045, China
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Zhang L, Zhou L, Gao X, Zheng XR, Yang MR, Zhang N, Yang G, Liu WX. [Study on the correlation between prognosis of patients with chronic hepatitis B under interferon treatment and polymorphism of both calcitonin gene related peptide and receptor activity modifying protein 1]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020; 41:924-928. [PMID: 32564561 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20190722-00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the association of two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) [Calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) rs155209 and receptor activity modifying protein 1 (RAMP1) rs3754701] and the prognosis of chronic hepatitis B patients who were under interferon therapy. Methods: A total of 317 patients and their anticoagulant blood samples were collected in this study. The SNPs in the CGRP and region RAMP1 were genotyped using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry. Logistic regression method was used to assess the results from different phenotypic outcomes between cases and controls, after adjusted for sex and age in co-dominant, dominant and recessive genetic models. Results: Data from this study clearly demonstrated the relevance of CGRP rs155209 and RAMP1 rs3754701 with DNA response and ALT response. RAMP1 rs3754701T was strongly associated with both DNA response and ALT response (OR=2.277, 95%CI: 1.386-3.741, P=0.001; OR=1.694, 95%CI: 1.073-2.675, P=0.024). However, CGRP rs155209C was less prone to DNA response and ALT response (OR=0.150, 95%CI: 0.083-0.271, P<0.001; OR=0.583, 95%CI: 0.367-0.925, P=0.022). Conclusions: Results from our study suggested that both RAMP1 rs3754701 and CGRP rs155209 were associated with the prognosis of patients under interferon therapy in Han population, from the northern parts of China while RAMP1 rs3754701T was a protective factor for both ALT response and DNA response, but CGRP rs155209C carriers were less prone to DNA and ALT responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhang
- Grade 2015, Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - L Zhou
- Grade 2015, Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - X Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - X R Zheng
- Grade 2015, Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - M R Yang
- Grade 2015, Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - N Zhang
- Grade 2015, Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - G Yang
- Grade 2015, Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - W X Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
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Li Y, Qin JJ, Wang Z, Yu Y, Wen YY, Chen XK, Liu WX, Li Y. [Surgical treatment for esophageal cancer during the outbreak of COVID-19]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2020; 42:296-300. [PMID: 32105052 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200226-00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Since December 2019, unexplained pneumonia has appeared in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, and a new type of coronavirus infection was confirmed as COVID-19. COVID-19 spread rapidly nationwide and abroad. The COVID-19 has brought huge impacts to all the people and walks of life, especially to the medical and health systems. It has also brought great challenges to the treatment of patients with cancer. Esophageal cancer is a common malignant tumor in China and most of the patients are in the middle and advanced stage when diagnosed, with immunosuppressive and poor prognosis. The selection of surgical procedures and perioperative managements of esophageal cancer require all thoracic surgeons work together to figure out a reasonable system of surgical treatment and emergency response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - J J Qin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Y Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Y Y Wen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Huanxing, ChaoYang District, Beijing 100022, China
| | - X K Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - W X Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Huanxing, ChaoYang District, Beijing 100022, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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Yu Q, Zhu JJ, Liu WX. Effect of continuous use of metformin on kidney function in diabetes patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2020; 20:187. [PMID: 32316910 PMCID: PMC7175536 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-020-01474-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) scheduled for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have an increased risk of contrast induced-acute kidney injury (CI-AKI). The effects of continuous use of metformin on kidney function are still controversial in patients submitted to primary PCI. This study aimed to assess continuous metformin therapy on kidney function in diabetic patients undergoing coronary intervention. METHODS Two hundred eighty-four patients with metformin-treated diabetes, who underwent coronary intervention within 24 h for STEMI, were enrolled in the retrospective study. All the patients had estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of > 30 mL/min/1.73 m2. According to the physicians' decisions after admission, 119 patients continued metformin treatment after primary PCI, while 165 patients discontinued it > 48 h after the procedure. Serum creatinine was collected at admission and within 48 h post primary PCI to evaluate the incidence of CI-AKI. We performed a multiple logistic regression analysis to examine the determinants of CI-AKI. RESULTS No statistical difference in CI-AKI incidence between the continuous and the discontinuous metformin group (12.6%vs10.3%, p = 0.545). Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated eGFR ≤60 ml/min/1.73 m2[p = 0.025, OR: 3.131; 95% CI (1.156-8.482)] and contrast volume [p = 0.002, OR: 1.010; 95% CI (1.004-1.016)] were predictive factors of CI-AKI. Metformin therapy was irrelevant to CI-AKI [p = 0.365, OR: 0.698; 95% CI (0.320-1.521)]. No case of lactic acidosis was found in this study. Besides, the study supported discontinuation of metformin was not beneficial for patients' blood glucose control after admission. CONCLUSIONS The study indicated that the metformin continuation after primary PCI for STEMI in diabetic patients with eGFR > 30 ml/min / 1.73 m2 did not increase the risk of CI-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Jia-Jia Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Wen-Xian Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029 China
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Kang TD, Ren YL, Zhao H, Ning SQ, Liu WX. Risk factors for adverse cardiac events in adults with fulminant myocarditis during hospitalization. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8:255-263. [PMID: 32047773 PMCID: PMC7000935 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i2.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fulminant myocarditis is the critical form of myocarditis that is often associated with heart failure, malignant arrhythmia, and circulatory failure. Patients with fulminant myocarditis who end up with severe multiple organic failure and death are not rare.
AIM To analyze the predictors of in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients diagnosed with fulminant myocarditis.
METHODS We included a cohort of adult patients diagnosed with fulminant myocarditis who were admitted to Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2007 to December 2017. The primary endpoint was defined as in-hospital MACE, including death, cardiac arrest, cardiac shock, and ventricular fibrillation. Baseline demographics, clinical history, characteristics of electrocardiograph and ultrasonic cardiogram, laboratory examination, and treatment were recorded. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine risk factors for in-hospital MACE, and the variables were subsequently assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).
RESULTS The rate of in-hospital MACE was 40%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that baseline QRS duration > 120 ms was the independent risk factor for in-hospital MACE (odds ratio = 4.57, 95%CI: 1.23-16.94, P = 0.023). The AUC of QRS duration > 120 ms for predicting in-hospital MACE was 0.683 (95%CI: 0.532-0.833, P = 0.03).
CONCLUSION Patients with fulminant myocarditis has a poor outcome. Baseline QRS duration is the independent risk factor for poor outcome in those patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tie-Duo Kang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yan-Long Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Han Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shang-Qiu Ning
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wen-Xian Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
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Mao J, Wu FF, Shi WH, Liu WX, Xu XL, Cai GF, Li YW, Cao XH. Preparation of Polyaniline-coated Composite Aerogel of MnO2 and Reduced Graphene Oxide for High-performance Zinc-ion Battery. Chin J Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-020-2353-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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10
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Liu WX, Yang Y, Qiu HB. [The neglected medical humanities in critical care medicine]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 99:2725-2728. [PMID: 31550793 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.35.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W X Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Kang YP, Chen LY, Kang TD, Liu WX. Clinical Characteristics and Adverse Events in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients with a History of Peripheral Arterial Disease. Arq Bras Cardiol 2019; 113:367-372. [PMID: 31482945 PMCID: PMC6882384 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20190150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In clinical observation, patients with acute coronary syndrome complicated
with peripheral artery disease have poor prognosis, so the relationship
between the diseases and clinical characteristics need to be further
explored. Objective This study aims to investigate clinical characteristics and independent risk
factors for in-hospital adverse events in acute coronary syndrome patients
with a history of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Methods A total of 5,682 patients with acute coronary syndrome were included into
this study. These patients were divided into two groups according to the
presence or absence of a history of PAD: PAD group (n = 188), and non-PAD
(control) group (n = 5,494). Then, the clinical characteristics and
incidence of in-hospital adverse events were analyzed; p < 0.05 was
considered statistically significant. Results The age of PAD patients was higher than that in the control group (65.5
± 10.3 years vs. 58.6 ± 11 years, p < 0.001), and the
proportion of PAD patients with diabetes history and stroke history was
higher than that in the control group (73 [39%] vs. 1472
[26.8%], p = 0.018; 36 [19.3%] vs. 396
[7.2%], p < 0.001). The multivariate logistic regression
analysis between groups based on in-hospital adverse events revealed that a
history of PAD (OR = 1.791, p = 0.01), a history of diabetes (OR = 1.223, p
= 0.001), and age of > 65 years old (OR = 4.670, p < 0.001) were
independent risk factors for in-hospital adverse events. Conclusion A history of PAD, advanced age, and a history of diabetes are independent
risk factors for in-hospital adverse events in patients with acute coronary
syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Peng Kang
- Beijing An Zhen Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing - China
| | - Li-Ying Chen
- Beijing An Zhen Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing - China
| | - Tie-Duo Kang
- Beijing An Zhen Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing - China
| | - Wen-Xian Liu
- Beijing An Zhen Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing - China
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Liu WX, Liu YP, Jin J, Wang SL, Fang H, Ren H, Song YW, Chen B, Lu NN, Li N, Tang Y, Qi SN, Tang Y, Wang WH, Li YX. [Clinical differences between primary nasopharyngeal NK/T-cell lymphoma and primary nasal cavity NK/T-cell lymphoma with nasopharynx extension]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2019; 41:56-62. [PMID: 30678418 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3766.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical and prognostic differences between primary nasopharyngeal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (NP NKTCL) and extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma of the nasal cavity with nasopharynx extension (N-NP NKTCL). Methods: A total of 89 patients with NP NKTCL and 113 patients with N-NP NKTCL from January 2000 to June 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical and pathological features, treatment responses and prognosis were compared between the two groups. Results: NP NKTCL patients showed similar clinicopathological features with those with N-NP NKTCL, except that the former had a relative low proportion of elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels (28.1% vs. 41.6%; P=0.001). Both of two groups presented with high proportion of cervical lymph node involvement (55.1% and 42.5%; P=0.076). The 5-year overall survival (OS) rates in these two groups were 63.2% and 54.6%, respectively, whereas 5-year progress-free survival (PFS) rates were 50.7% and 45.6%, respectively. For the patients with stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ, the 5-year OS and PFS rates in these two groups were 68.8% and 55.7% as well as 55.6% and 47.2%, respectively. These were no statistically significant differences between two groups (all P>0.05). The complete response (CR) rate after initial chemotherapy in NP NKTCL group was 43.8%, which was significant higher than that of 19.6% in N-NP NKTCL group (P=0.006). Additionally, the CR rate after primary radiotherapy was 63.4% and 62.7%, respectively (P=0.629). The NP NKTCL patients with stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ who accepted radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy had similar survival times with chemotherapy alone, showing the 5-year OS rates of 70.5% and 33.3% (P=0.238), as well as the 5-year PFS rates of 56.7% and 33.3%, respectively (P=0.431). Similar results were found in N-NP NKTCL group, the 5-year OS rates for patients with radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy and chemotherapy alone were 57.4% and 33.3% (P=0.246), while the 5-year PFS rates were 49.3% and 16.7% (P=0.177), respectively. Besides, the relapse pattern of NP NKTCL and N-NP NKTCL groups was also similar, mainly involving the distant extra-nodal organs followed by lymph nodes. Conclusion: The patients with N-NP NKTCL and NP NKTCL showed similar clinical and prognostic features, however, the initial response to chemotherapy was different.
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Affiliation(s)
- W X Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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13
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Zhang H, Liang JL, Chen SY, Wang ZJ, Yang F, Cui F, Ren YT, Liu WX, Sun ZS, Huang XS. [Screening of the SETX gene in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients of Chinese origin]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 98:2628-2631. [PMID: 30220148 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.33.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate all coding regions of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-related gene Senataxin (SETX) in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients of Chinese origin. Methods: From January 2010 to December 2014, the peripheral venous blood samples and clinical data were collected from 311 patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (SALS) and 311 healthy controls who were of Chinese ancestry from the Department of Neurology, Chinese PLA General Hospital.Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral venous blood of all participants using standard methods. The coding regions of SETX were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and screened for mutations using next-generation sequencing technology. The online software SIFT and PolyPhen-2 were used to analyze the conservation of an altered amino acid and predict the potential pathogenicity of identified mutations. The SPSS 22.0 software was used to analyze the clinical feature of all participants. Results: Tenkinds of rare and one novel nonsynonymous mutations were identified and were absent in 311 controls. Twelve (3.86%) patients carried one SETX gene mutation. Five (1.61%) out of above-mentioned 12 patients carried highly pathogenic mutations including p. Pro1868Leu (c.5603G>A), p. Pro1331Leu (c.3992G>A), p. Glu756Val (c.2267T>A), p. Leu564Val (c.1690A>C), and p. Asn144Ser (c.431T>C). Patients carried SETX mutations were not different from other patients in onset age. Conclusion: Mutations in SETX are likely to be a pathogenesis for Chinese sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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Qi BE, Liu WX, Wen C, Chen J, Fu XX, Shi L, Ma Y. [Study on the characters of wideband tympanometry in newborns with normal hearing]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 32:244-249. [PMID: 29798498 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:The aim of this study is to establish the characteristic of wideband tympanometry (WBT) in neonates with normal hearing. Method:Ninety newborn babies (149 ears) who had received rooming in care and passed hearing screening were randomly selected to test WBT. The screening programme consisted of distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) and tympanometry at 1 kHz. The eigenvalue of ear canal volume, middle ear resonance frequency and acoustic absorptivity were obtained initially to explore the influence of gender and mode of delivery on the eigenvalues. Result:①Ear canal volume: The ear canal volume varied within (0.50±0.12)ml. The statistically significant correlationwas observed between ear canal volume and gender as well as the way of delivery (P<0.01). ②Resonance frequency: the resonant frequency distributed from 128 Hz to 642 Hz (mean 328.2±125.76 Hz). No statistically significant correlation (P>0.05) was observed between resonance frequency and gender as well as the way of delivery. ③Frequency wideband absorbance function: the shape of the curve showed two peaks and two troughs. The three most values were located in 1 296 Hz, 2 000 Hz and 5 339 Hz. No statistically significant correlation (P>0.05) was observed between acoustic absorptivity and gender as well as way of delivery. Conclusion:Resonance frequency and frequency acoustic absorptivity functions of newborns are different from adults. It is necessary to establish the normal reference value of WBT for newborns in China in order to promote this technique in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- B E Qi
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - W X Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University
| | - C Wen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - J Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - X X Fu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - L Shi
- Haidian Maternal and Children Health Hospital
| | - Y Ma
- Haidian Maternal and Children Health Hospital
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Li SB, Sheng J, Zhou Q, Xing WL, Liu HX, Liu WX. Chinese Medicine in Treatment of A Patient with Acute Extensive Anterior Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Shock after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Chin J Integr Med 2018; 25:366-369. [PMID: 29651673 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-018-2558-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Bao Li
- Department of Cardiovascular, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Jin Sheng
- Department of Cardiac Care Unit, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Wen-Long Xing
- Department of Cardiovascular, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Hong-Xu Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China.
| | - Wen-Xian Liu
- Department of Cardiac Care Unit, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
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Yuan CW, Liu WX, Hou JL, Zhang LG, Wang GQ. Prevalence of pathogenicity island ETT2 in Escherichia coli isolated from piglets with diarrhea in northeast of China. Pol J Vet Sci 2018; 21:5-12. [PMID: 29623998 DOI: 10.24425/119016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to investigate the prevalence of the pathogenicity island ETT2 and to examine the relationship between the ETT2 locus and other virulence factors in Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from piglets with diarrhea. A total of 354 E. coli strains isolated from scouring piglets were tested using PCR for the presence of the ETT2 locus. The E. coli strains were also analyzed for enterotoxins, fimbriae, non-fimbrial adhesin, Shiga toxins, pathogenicity islands, α-haemolysin (hlyA), afa8 gene cluster and autotransporter protease (sepA) genes. The results showed that 215 (60.7%) of the isolates possessed the ETT2 island. In 215 ETT2-positive E. coli strains, the virulence genes found were EAST1 (27.0%), irp2 (18.6%), paa (15.4%), STb (7.9%), LT (6.5%), ler (4.7%), hlyA (3.7%), AIDA-I (3.7%), K88 (3.7%), eae (3.3%), STa (2.8%), afaD (1.4%), afaE (1.4%), K99 (0.9%) and sepA (0.47%), respectively, and the isolates could be assigned into 25 different virulence factor patterns. In 139 ETT2-negative E. coli strains, the virulence genes detected were EAST1 (38.9%), paa (14.4%), STb (11.5%), AIDA-I (10.1%), irp2 (7.9%), sepA (2.16%), LT (0.7%), STa (0.7%), eae (0.7%), ler (0.7%), hlyA (0.7%) and K88 (0.7%), respectively, and the isolates could be classified into 13 different virulence factor patterns. Moreover, the occurrence of LT gene of ETT2-positive E. coli strains was far more than that of ETT2-negative E. coli strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W Yuan
- College of life and health sciences, Northeastern University, No. 89, Wenhua East Road, Shenyang, Liaoning,110011, P. R. China
| | - W X Liu
- Laboratory of Hematology, Affiliated hospital of Guangdong Medical College, No.2, Wenming East Road, Zhanjiang, 524001, P. R. China
| | - J L Hou
- College of life and health sciences, Northeastern University, No. 89, Wenhua East Road, Shenyang, Liaoning,110011, P. R. China
| | - L G Zhang
- Center for Animal Disease Emergency of Liaoning province, No.56, Dongling Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, P. R. China
| | - G Q Wang
- College of life and health sciences, Northeastern University, No. 89, Wenhua East Road, Shenyang, Liaoning,110011, P. R. China
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Liu WX, Chen ZH, Ling L, Ren YT, Sun B, Yang F, Cui F, Huang XS. [Characteristics of repetitive nerve stimulation in 53 cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017; 97:2297-2301. [PMID: 28780847 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2017.29.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the feature of repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and correlation between RNS and clinical features and electromyography (EMG) findings of the corresponding muscle. Methods: Needle EMG and RNS were performed in 53 patients with ALS, who were recruited into Department of Neurology of Chinese PLA general hospital during April to December in 2016. Decrement of the compond muscle action potential (CMAP) in response to RNS of different nerves and stimulus frequencies was compared. The effects of gender, age of onset, disease duration, region of onset, ALS functional rating scale-revised (ALSFRS-R) and rate of disease progression (ΔFS) on the decrement were analyzed. Results: 49.1% of patients with ALS had decremental responses to low frequency RNS (LF-RNS) in accessory nerve, which was lower in ulnar nerve (4.3%) and common peroneal nerve (2.6%). Decremental responses of accessory nerve at 3 Hz were observed in 49.1% of patients with ALS, more frequent than 30.2% at 1 Hz. None of the patients had increased responses to high frequency RNS. Patients with upper-limb-onset, longer disease duration and lower ALSFRS-R tended to have more frequent decrement of CMAP in response to RNS. The decrement with LF-RNS of accessory nerve was in concert with neurogenic damage of sternocleidomastoid muscle with needle EMG (r=0.365, P=0.007). There were 3 patients who had decremental responses to LF-RNS in accessory nerve without clinical involvement and neurogenic damage of sternocleidomastoid muscle. Conclusions: There is significant decrement of CMAP in response to LF-RNS of accessory nerve in patients with ALS, which may reveal neuromuscular junction (NMJ) impairment. It may indicated a dying-back pattern of disease progression which derived from motor neuron terminal or NMJ to neuronal soma that some patients with ALS have decremental responses in RNS without clinical involvement and neurogenic damage of sternocleidomastoid muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- W X Liu
- Department of Neurology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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18
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Zhao Y, Sun L, Han JC, Liu WX, Man TT, Chen Z, He YH. [Clinical outcome of intramyocardial dissecting hematoma after acute myocardial infarction]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016; 96:3239-3241. [PMID: 27852392 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.40.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To observe the clinical outcome of intramyocardial dissecting hematoma (IDH) after acute myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: The clinical characteristics and outcomes of nine patients with IDH after acute MI in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from 2010 to 2014 were retrospectively assessed, and all the patients were followed up. Results: The mean age of nine IDH patients (7 males, 2 females) was (61±5) years. One patient was diagnosed as right ventricular IDH and died before surgery because of deteriorated cardiac and renal failure. Eight patients were diagnosed as left ventricular IDH, among whom 1 patient died of perioperative bleeding. The other 7 patients survived, among whom 5 cases were treated medically and 2 cases accepted surgical treatment. After 2-6 years of follow-up, the survived patients had no other complications. Conclusion: IDH after acute MI was a rare clinical event with a high mortality, and improvement of recognition of this rare condition may reduce its mortality, especially the right ventricular IDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
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19
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Zhong YP, Xu D, Wang P, Song C, Guo QJ, Liu WX, Xu K, Xia BX, Lu CY, Han S, Pan JW, Wang H. Emulating Anyonic Fractional Statistical Behavior in a Superconducting Quantum Circuit. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:110501. [PMID: 27661671 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.110501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Anyons are exotic quasiparticles obeying fractional statistics, whose behavior can be emulated in artificially designed spin systems. Here we present an experimental emulation of creating anyonic excitations in a superconducting circuit that consists of four qubits, achieved by dynamically generating the ground and excited states of the toric code model, i.e., four-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states. The anyonic braiding is implemented via single-qubit rotations: a phase shift of π related to braiding, the hallmark of Abelian 1/2 anyons, has been observed through a Ramsey-type interference measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y P Zhong
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - D Xu
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - P Wang
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - C Song
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Q J Guo
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - W X Liu
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - K Xu
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - B X Xia
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - C-Y Lu
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS-Alibaba Quantum Computing Laboratory, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Siyuan Han
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - Jian-Wei Pan
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS-Alibaba Quantum Computing Laboratory, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - H Wang
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
- CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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Wang P, Wang GG, Li YS, Liu WX, Bai SG, Zhen Y, Li DY, Yang P, Hong L, Sun JH, Chen JZ, Wang X, Zhu JH, Yu LY, Ye SD, Feng L, Wang Y, Li W, Luan XJ, Wang SJ. GW26-e2330 Efficacy and safety of 1-hour infusion of recombinant human atrial natriuretic peptide in patients with acute decompensated heart failure: a phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.06.796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Pan QR, Ren YL, Liu WX, Hu YJ, Zheng JS, Xu Y, Wang G. Resveratrol prevents hepatic steatosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress and regulates the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and inflammation in rats. Nutr Res 2015; 35:576-84. [PMID: 26055348 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Previous research demonstrated that resveratrol possesses promising properties for preventing obesity. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was proposed to be involved in the pathophysiology of both obesity and hepatic steatosis. In the current study, we hypothesized that resveratrol could protect against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic steatosis and ER stress and regulate the expression of genes related to hepatic steatosis. Rats were fed either a control diet or a HFD for 12 weeks. After 4 weeks, HFD-fed rats were treated with either resveratrol or vehicle for 8 weeks. Body weight, serum metabolic parameters, hepatic histopathology, and hepatic ER stress markers were evaluated. Moreover, an RT2 Profiler Fatty Liver PCR Array was performed to investigate the mRNA expressions of 84 genes related to hepatic steatosis. Our work showed that resveratrol prevented dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis induced by HFD. Resveratrol significantly decreased activating transcription factor 4, C/EBP-homologous protein and immunoglobulin binding protein levels, which were elevated by the HFD. Resveratrol also decreased PKR-like ER kinase phosphorylation, although it was not affected by the HFD. Furthermore, resveratrol increased the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ, while decreasing the expression of ATP citrate lyase, suppressor of cytokine signaling-3, and interleukin-1β. Our data suggest that resveratrol can prevent hepatic ER stress and regulate the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ, ATP citrate lyase, suppressor of cytokine signaling-3, tumor necrosis factor α, and interleukin-1β in diet-induced obese rats, and these effects likely contribute to resveratrol's protective function against excessive accumulation of fat in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Rong Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Yan-Long Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wen-Xian Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yan-Jin Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Jin-Su Zheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China.
| | - Guang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China.
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Wang YL, Xia ZH, Liu D, Qiu WX, Duan XL, Wang R, Liu WJ, Zhang YH, Wang D, Tao S, Liu WX. Multimedia fate and source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a coking industry city in Northern China. Environ Pollut 2013; 181:115-121. [PMID: 23845769 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Revised: 06/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A steady state Level III fate model was established and applied to quantify source-receptor relationship in a coking industry city in Northern China. The local emission inventory of PAHs, as the model input, was acquired based on energy consumption and emission factors. The model estimations were validated by measured data and indicated remarkable variations in the paired isomeric ratios. When a rectification factor, based on the receptor-to-source ratio, was calculated by the fate model, the quantitatively verified molecular diagnostic ratios provided reasonable results of local PAH emission sources. Due to the local ban and measures on small scale coking activities implemented from the beginning of 2004, the model calculations indicated that the local emission amount of PAHs in 2009 decreased considerably compared to that in 2003.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Wang
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Zheng ZH, Zhang LJ, Liu WX, Lei YS, Xing GL, Zhang JJ, Quan SX, Liu D, Hu DS, Li LL, Liu ZS. Predictors of survival in Chinese patients with lupus nephritis. Lupus 2012; 21:1049-56. [PMID: 22513365 DOI: 10.1177/0961203312445230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The current study was to determine the predictors of survival in 491 Chinese patients with lupus nephritis (LN). All patients were evaluated and consecutively followed up from 2003 to 2010. The female: male ratio was 9.5:1, with a median age of 31.1 ± 12 years. Forty-nine (10.0%) patients were lost to follow-up and 47 (10.3%) patients died. The overall cumulative probability of survival at 5, 10, 15 and 20 years by Kaplan-Meier analysis was 88%, 77%, 53% and 45%, respectively. The log-rank test showed that the probability of survival was significantly decreased in the late-onset patients (≥50 years) ( P = 0.036), patients with hypoproteinaemia (≤35 g/l) ( P = 0.014), patients with increased creatinine (≥1.5 mg/dl) ( P = 0.002) and patients with massive proteinuria (≥3.5 g/24 h) ( P = 0.009). However, the probability of survival was significantly higher in patients treated with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) ( P = 0.003) than those not treated with it. Based on a multivariate model, increased creatinine (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.041; P = 0.017) and proteinuria ≥3.5 g/24hours (HR=1.716; P = 0.016) were independent risk factors. Glucocorticoid (HR = 0.457; P = 0.01) and HCQ (HR=0.197; P = 0.026) were independent protective factors. Our findings suggest that renal dysfunction and massive proteinuria are independent risk factors for mortality. HCQ could improve the survival of patients with LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZH Zheng
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - LJ Zhang
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - WX Liu
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - YS Lei
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - GL Xing
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - JJ Zhang
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - SX Quan
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - D Liu
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - DS Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - LL Li
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - ZS Liu
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Liu WX, Chen Y, Yang GM. Analysis of prognosis-related factors in patients with invasive cervical adenocarcinoma. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2011; 32:500-504. [PMID: 22053661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the prognostic related factors in patients with cervical adenocarcinoma. METHODS Clinical and pathological data were retrospectively analyzed in 144 patients with cervical adenocarcinoma between 1995 and 2004. RESULTS Five-year survival rates were 80.1%, 59.7%, 6.3 % and 0.0%, respectively, in patients with Stage I, II, III and IV cervical adenocarcinoma, and the overall 5-year survival rate was 59.0%. Univariate analysis indicated poor prognosis in non-exophytic tumor, tumor diameter > 4 cm, advanced clinical stage, mucinous adenocarcinoma and clear cell carcinoma, or poorly differentiated tumor. The prognosis was related to lymph node metastasis and deep myometrial invasion. Multivariate analysis indicated that besides clinical stage, myometrial invasion and lymph node metastasis, tumor shape was also an independent prognostic related factor. CONCLUSION The prognosis is associated with tumor shape besides pre-confirmed clinical stage, myometrial invasion and lymph node metastasis. Ovarian preservation in young women remains to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- W X Liu
- Department of Gynecological Cancer Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Liu WX, Ling X, Halbrook RS, Martineau D, Dou H, Liu X, Zhang G, Tao S. Preliminary evaluation on the use of homing pigeons as a biomonitor in urban areas. Ecotoxicology 2010; 19:295-305. [PMID: 19771513 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-009-0412-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2008] [Accepted: 09/09/2009] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluates the usefulness of homing pigeons as a biomonitor of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban environments. The mean concentrations of total PAHs in liver and lung tissues were greater in pigeons from Beijing compared to pigeons from Chengdu, however, this difference was only statistically significant for PAH concentrations in liver tissue (P < 0.05). Similarly, the severity of anthracosis or pneumoconiosis in lung tissue and hepatitis in liver tissue was greater in pigeons from Beijing compared to pigeons from Chengdu. Low molecular weight PAHs dominated the contribution of individual PAHs in both tissues. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed for most low and moderate molecular weights PAHs in liver and for some low and high molecular weights PAHs in lung between the two cites. The profile patterns of individual PAHs were similar between lung tissue of pigeons and between local ambient airs in summer for both cities, whereas the profile patterns between liver tissue and pigeon food were less similar. These data suggest that homing pigeons may be of value as a biomonitor of environmental pollution in urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- W X Liu
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
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Tao S, Liu WX, Li XQ, Zhou DX, Li X, Yang YF, Yue DP, Coveney RM. Organochlorine pesticide residuals in chickens and eggs at a poultry farm in Beijing, China. Environ Pollut 2009; 157:497-502. [PMID: 18963306 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2008.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2008] [Revised: 09/07/2008] [Accepted: 09/11/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Chicken organs, animal feed, droppings, and ambient air were sampled at a farm in Beijing to determine the concentrations of hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and metabolites (DDTs). Mean fresh weight concentrations of HCHs and DDTs were 0.122+/-0.061 ng/g and 0.051+/-0.038 ng/g in the muscles. These values are 1-2 orders of magnitude lower than those reported in China in 1980. Contaminated feed was the main source of HCHs and DDTs. Only 12.8% of HCH and 3.3% of DDT of the amount consumed were excreted. Accumulated quantities of HCHs and DDTs increased during growth. However, concentrations of HCHs and DDTs did not increase because of dilution from rapid growth. Based on the observed residual levels in mature chicken and the average diet of residents of China, the contributions from chicken and egg consumption to per capita daily intake of HCHs and DDTs were 487% and 88% of those of fish consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tao
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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27
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Tao S, Li BG, He XC, Liu WX, Shi Z. Spatial and temporal variations and possible sources of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites in rivers in Tianjin, China. Chemosphere 2007; 68:10-6. [PMID: 17292453 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.12.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2006] [Revised: 12/20/2006] [Accepted: 12/21/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Water, suspended solid (SS) and sediment samples were collected from nine water courses in Tianjin, China and analyzed for dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites (DDXs, including o,p'-,p,p'-DDT, DDD and DDE). The average DDX concentrations in water, SS and sediment were 59+/-30 ng l(-1), 2690+/-1940 ng g(-1)dry wt. and 340+/-930 ng g(-1)dry wt., respectively. Due to the termination of the extensive agricultural application and industrial manufacture, DDXs in river sediment decreased by one order of magnitude since 1970's and low DDT fractions in these sediments were observed. Still, DDXs in the sediments near the outlets of the major manufacturers remained relatively high attributed to the historic input. DDXs in sediment were also positively correlated with organic matter content. Spatial distributions of DDXs in SS and water was different from that in sediment. For SS, a negative correlation between DDX concentration and SS content indicated a dilution effect in many rivers. Dissolved organic carbon content was the major factor affecting DDX concentrations in water phase. Wastewater discharged from dicofol manufacturers and likely illegal agricultural application were the primary reasons causing high DDT (DDE+DDD) ratios in SS and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tao
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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28
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Shi Z, Tao S, Pan B, Liu WX, Shen WR. Partitioning and source diagnostics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rivers in Tianjin, China. Environ Pollut 2007; 146:492-500. [PMID: 17000038 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2006.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2006] [Revised: 07/08/2006] [Accepted: 07/10/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Water, suspended particulate matter (SPM), and sediment samples were collected from ten rivers in Tianjin and analyzed for 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), particulate organic carbon (POC) in SPM and total organic carbon (TOC) in sediment. The behavior and fate of PAHs influenced by these parameters were examined. Generally, organic carbon was the primary factor controlling the behavior of the 16 PAH species. Partitioning of PAHs between SPM and water phase was studied, and K(OC) for some PAH species were found to be significantly higher than the predicted values. The source of PAHs contamination was diagnosed by using PAH isomer ratios. Coal combustion was identified to be a long-term and prevailing contamination source for sediment, while sewage/wastewater source could reasonably explain a short-term PAHs contamination of SPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Shi
- College of Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
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Liu WX, Chen JL, Lin XM, Tao S. Spatial distribution and species composition of PAHs in surface sediments from the Bohai Sea. Mar Pollut Bull 2007; 54:113-6. [PMID: 17113607 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2006.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2006] [Revised: 09/29/2006] [Accepted: 10/01/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W X Liu
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Tao S, Liu WX, Liu GJ, Dawson R, Cao J, Wong PK. Short-term dynamic change of gill copper in common carp, Cyprinus carpio, evaluated by a sequential extraction. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2006; 51:408-15. [PMID: 16865604 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-005-0170-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2005] [Accepted: 10/18/2005] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic changes in Cu speciation and its binding to fish gills were investigated by exposing common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to a 1 mg/1 Cu solution for 7 hours. Cu speciation in the bulk solution and fish gill microenvironment was calculated using general chemical equilibrium modeling. A sequential extraction procedure using distilled water, magnesium dichloride (1.0 mol/1), and acetic acid (10%) was used to characterize the Cu associated with the fish gills. Cu residual in the gill tissue was measured after the sequential extraction. Changes in total Cu concentration, pH, and dissolved organic carbon (Doc) in the bulk solution were recorded during the experimental period and calculated for the fish gill microenvironment. Cu-hydroxide species and Cu2 were dominant Cu species in both bulk solution and the fish gill microenvironment, whereas increased Cu-mucus was found in the fish gill microenvironment. DOC in the exposure medium, assumed to arise from mucus release, also increased and complexed Cu in solution. Forty-three percent of the Cu associated with the gills was readily water extractable, with an additional 22% exchangeable with Mg2+ or protons. Only 35% of the Cu accumulated within the gill tissues. The binding of Cu to the fish gills reached apparent equilibrium after 3 hours of exposure. Furthermore, the amount of water-extractable Cu within the gills showed significant correlation to the concentration of Cu predicted to be complexed with calculated free mucus in the gill microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tao
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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31
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Pan B, Xing BS, Liu WX, Tao S, Lin XM, Zhang XM, Zhang YX, Xiao Y, Dai HC, Yuan HS. Distribution of sorbed phenanthrene and pyrene in different humic fractions of soils and importance of humin. Environ Pollut 2006; 143:24-33. [PMID: 16376468 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2005.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2005] [Revised: 11/03/2005] [Accepted: 11/08/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Contributions of fulvic-humic acids (FA/HA) and humin (HM) to sorption of phenanthrene (PHE) and pyrene (PYR) in a soil were differentiated using a humic separation procedure after multi-concentration sorption experiments. It was found that the amount of solutes in FA/HA did not change significantly after 48 h, while that in HM increased continuously and slowly up to the end of the experimental period (720 h), indicating that HM was the main region for slow sorption. Based on the fitting results using Freundlich equation, it was found that nonlinearity of both solutes was greater in HM than in FA/HA, consistent with the sorption characteristics of individually extracted HA and HM in a separate experiment. The observed nonlinearity of the solute distribution was confirmed by using three other soil samples with organic carbon contents ranging from 0.7 to 7.9%. Distribution dynamics of PHE and PYR among various fractions were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Pan
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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32
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Li BG, Cao J, Liu WX, Shen WR, Wang XJ, Tao S. Geostatistical analysis and kriging of Hexachlorocyclohexane residues in topsoil from Tianjin, China. Environ Pollut 2006; 142:567-75. [PMID: 16360248 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2005.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2005] [Revised: 09/26/2005] [Accepted: 10/14/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A previously published data set of HCH isomer concentrations in topsoil samples from Tianjin, China, was subjected to geospatial analysis. Semivariograms were calculated and modeled using geostatistical techniques. Parameters of semivariogram models were analyzed and compared for four HCH isomers. Two-dimensional ordinary block kriging was applied to HCH isomers data set for mapping purposes. Dot maps and gray-scaled raster maps of HCH concentrations were presented based on kriging results. The appropriateness of the kriging procedure for mapping purposes was evaluated based on the kriging errors and kriging variances. It was found that ordinary block kriging can be applied to interpolate HCH concentrations in Tianjin topsoil with acceptable accuracy for mapping purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B G Li
- College of Environmental Sciences, MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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33
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Tao S, Jiao XC, Chen SH, Liu WX, Coveney RM, Zhu LZ, Luo YM. Accumulation and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rice (Oryza sativa). Environ Pollut 2006; 140:406-15. [PMID: 16198033 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2005.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2005] [Revised: 07/07/2005] [Accepted: 08/09/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Various tissues of rice plants were sampled from a PAH contaminated site in Tianjin, China at different growth stages of the ripening period and analyzed for PAHs. PAHs were much higher in roots than in the exposed tissues. Grains and internodes accumulated much smaller amounts of PAHs than leaves, hulls or ear axes. No specific gradient trends along roots, stem, ear axes, and grains were observed, suggesting that systematic translocation among them is unlikely. Over the ripening period, PAH concentrations were increased in rice roots and decreased in most above-ground tissues. Significant correlations between PAH and lipid contents can only be observed during full mature stage. The spectra of individual PAH compounds in rice organs including roots were similar to those in air, rather than those in soil. There was also a significant correlation between bioconcentration factor (BCF, plant over air) and octanol/air partitioning coefficient (Koa).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tao
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Wu SP, Tao S, Liu WX. Particle size distributions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rural and urban atmosphere of Tianjin, China. Chemosphere 2006; 62:357-67. [PMID: 15982711 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.04.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2005] [Revised: 04/05/2005] [Accepted: 04/18/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The size distributions of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and particle mass less than 10 microm in aerodynamic diameter (Dp) were measured using a nine-stage low-volume cascade impactor at rural and urban sites in Tianjin, China in the winter of 2003-2004. The particles exhibited the trimodal distribution with the major peaks occurring at 0.43-2.1 and 9.0-10.0 microm for both urban and rural sites. The concentrations of the total PAH (sum of 16 PAH compound) at rural site were generally less than those of urban site. Mean fraction of 76.5% and 63.9% of the total PAH were associated with particles of 0.43-2.1 microm at rural and urban sites, respectively. Precipitation, temperature, wind speed and direction were the important meteorological factors influencing the concentration of PAHs in rural and urban sites. The distributions of PAHs concentration with respect to particle size were similar for rural and urban samples. The PAHs concentrations at the height of 40 m were higher than both of 20 and 60 m at urban site, but the mass median diameter (MMD) of total PAH increased with the increasing height. The mid-high molecular weight (278 >or= MW >or= 202) PAHs were mainly associated with fine particles (Dp <or= 2.1 microm), whereas low molecular weight (128 >or=MW >or=178) PAHs were distributed in both of fine and coarse particle. The fraction of PAHs associated with coarse particles (Dp>2.1 microm) decreased with increasing molecular weight. The relatively consistent distribution of PAHs seemed to indicate the similar combustion source of PAHs at both of rural and urban sites. The fine differences of concentration and distribution of PAHs at different levels at urban site suggested that the different source and transportation path of particulate PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Wu
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
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35
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Tao S, Yang Y, Cao HY, Liu WX, Coveney RM, Xu FL, Cao J, Li BG, Wang XJ, Hu JY, Fang JY. Modeling the dynamic changes in concentrations of gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (gamma-HCH) in Tianjin region from 1953 to 2020. Environ Pollut 2006; 139:183-93. [PMID: 16087280 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2004.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2004] [Accepted: 12/13/2004] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A level IV fugacity model was used to simulate the dynamic changes of gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (gamma-HCH) concentrations in environmental media in Tianjin, China. A similar model (level III) was previously used and validated under steady state conditions; this paper explores its dynamic behavior. Application of the level IV fugacity model has been validated using independently observed gamma-HCH concentrations in various media during the early 1980s and during 2001. Sensitivity analysis was conducted using coefficient-of-variation normalized sensitivity coefficients. The model was also subject to uncertainty analysis using Monte Carlo simulation. It was found that concentrations of gamma-HCH reached within 95% of their steady-state levels in all media after less than 15 years. Around one order-of-magnitude decreases in gamma-HCH concentrations in various media occurred between 1993 and 2001. We project that gamma-HCH concentrations will decrease another 1.7-1.9 orders of magnitude to reach 1.1 (0.9-1.2) x 10(-14), 2.7 (2.5-3.0) x 10(-10), 1.2 (1.1-1.3) x 10(-7), and 6.1 (5.4-6.8) x 10(-8) mol/m(3), in air, water, soil, and sediment, respectively, by 2020. The sensitivities and true uncertainty of the model are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tao
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Liu WX, Huang P, Wang L, Zhao CY, Luo MJ. AL-003 Effects of removal of necrotic blastomeres from human cryopreserved embryos on pregnancy outcome. Reprod Biomed Online 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(11)60493-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zhang XL, Tao S, Liu WX, Yang Y, Zuo Q, Liu SZ. Source diagnostics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons based on species ratios: a multimedia approach. Environ Sci Technol 2005; 39:9109-14. [PMID: 16382931 DOI: 10.1021/es0513741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Often, the sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in environmental media can be identified by comparing the ratios of concentrations of selected pairs of PAH congeners in the source emissions to the ratios in the contaminated environmental media. However, these ratios can be altered significantly due to differences in the transport of the PAH compounds in a multimedia environment. To examine such changes, a fugacity model was applied to PAH ratios in a model environment. A linear relationship between the rate of emission and the bulk media concentration was identified for each PAH compound in an environmental medium at steady state and was quantified by a receptor-to-source ratio (RRS). It was demonstrated that the RRS values of the two congeners usually differ significantly. Consequentially, PAH ratios changed remarkably from the source emissions to various environmental media. A site-specific rectification factor (RF) was defined as the ratio of the two RRS values of the paired congeners for a specific PAH ratio in a given medium, which can be applied to account for the ratio changes in a multimedia environment. The PAH ratio changes were further verified with the surface soil data collected from Tianjin, China, and the observed changes of PAH ratios were compared favorably with the model predictions. The sensitivity analysis revealed that PAH ratios of the low molecular weight compounds were less stable. The most influential parameters controlling PAH ratios were those pertaining to dry precipitation, surface-to-air diffusion, degradation in air and water, and exchange between water and sediment.
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Zhang
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Yang Y, Tao S, Wong PK, Hu JY, Guo M, Cao HY, Coveney RM, Zuo Q, Li BG, Liu WX, Cao J, Xu FL. Human exposure and health risk of alpha-, beta-, gamma- and delta-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCHs) in Tianjin, China. Chemosphere 2005; 60:753-61. [PMID: 15939453 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic exposures to HCHs of individuals born between the years 1913 and 1993 in Tianjin have been simulated by connecting a fugacity model (IV) with a multimedia exposure model. Ingestion is the most important pathway for human beings to take up HCHs, and concentrations in the human body correlate with body weight changes. Accumulations of HCHs were derived assuming that the degradation in human body behaved linearly. The health risk of exposure to HCHs was measured using cancer risk and loss of life expectancy (LLE), and LLE was modified from its original definition to incorporate a dynamic calculation that takes variances in exposure into account. Monte-Carlo simulations were run to analyze the uncertainties of the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Tao S, Xu FL, Wang XJ, Liu WX, Gong ZM, Fang JY, Zhu LZ, Luo YM. Organochlorine pesticides in agricultural soil and vegetables from Tianjin, China. Environ Sci Technol 2005; 39:2494-9. [PMID: 15884340 DOI: 10.1021/es048885s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Samples of eight types of vegetables, the rhizosphere soils, and bulk soils were collected from two sites (A and B) in Tianjin, China for the determination of hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and metabolites (DDXs). The average concentrations of total HCHs and DDXs in the bulk soils were 3.6 and 80.1 ng/g for site A and 102 and 235 ng/g for site B, respectively. Relative accumulations of HCHs and DDXs in the rhizosphere soil from site A but not site B were demonstrated. The concentrations of total HCHs and DDXs in vegetable roots were 3.6-60 and 4.2-73 ng/g for site A and 15-152 and 7.1-136 ng/g for site B, respectively. Difference in bioaccumulation among various vegetables, especially between tuber and fibrous vegetables was significant. DDXs in spinach and cauliflower from site B and lindane (gamma-HCH) in cauliflower from both sites and violet from site B exceeded the maximum residual limits. Linear correlation of log-transformed HCHs and DDXs contents between the vegetable roots and the rhizosphere soils suggests the direct uptake of HCHs and DDXs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tao
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Shi Z, Tao S, Pan B, Fan W, He XC, Zuo Q, Wu SP, Li BG, Cao J, Liu WX, Xu FL, Wang XJ, Shen WR, Wong PK. Contamination of rivers in Tianjin, China by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Environ Pollut 2005; 134:97-111. [PMID: 15572228 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2004.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2004] [Accepted: 07/02/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Tianjin urban/industrial complex is highly polluted by some persistent organic pollutants. In this study, the levels of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were tested in sediment, water, and suspended particulate matter (SPM) samples in 10 rivers in Tianjin. The total concentration of 16 PAHs varied from 0.787 to 1943 microg/g dry weight in sediment, from 45.81 to 1272 ng/L in water, and from 0.938 to 64.2 microg/g dry weight in SPM. The levels of PAHs in these media are high in comparison with values reported from other river and marine systems. Variability of total concentrations of PAHs in sediment, water, and SPM from nine different rivers is consistent with each other. No obvious trends of total PAHs concentration variations were found between upstream and downstream sediment, water, and SPM samples for most rivers, which indicate local inputs and disturbances along these rivers. The spatial distributions of three-phase PAHs are very similar to each other, and they are also similar to those found in topsoil. However, their chemical profiles are significantly different from that of topsoil. The change of profiles is consistent with the different aqueous transport capability of 16 PAHs. Low molecular weight PAHs predomination suggests a relatively recent local source and coal combustion source of PAHs in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Shi
- College of Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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Tao S, Liu WX, Chen YJ, Xu FL, Dawson RW, Li BG, Cao J, Wang XJ, Hu JY, Fang JY. Evaluation of factors influencing root-induced changes of copper fractionation in rhizosphere of a calcareous soil. Environ Pollut 2004; 129:5-12. [PMID: 14749064 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2003.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Major factors influencing the root-induced copper fractionation changes within the rhizosphere of maize, wheat, pea, and soybean seedlings were evaluated using a contaminated calcareous soil. The effects of acidification, alkalization, and introduction of root exudates were investigated by addition of acid, alkaline and root exudates from solution cultures, prior to incubation and copper fractionation. Raw and sterilized soils were compared for changes of copper fractionation in the rhizosphere using rhizoboxes with maize, wheat, pea and soybean seedlings. The results indicated that the general trend in considerable changes was similar among the plant species studied. The rhizosphere experienced a depletion of carbonate associated and organic bound copper along with an accumulation of exchangeable and Fe-Mn oxide bound copper. The resulting significant influence of root exudates on copper fractionation appears to have been produced through complexation rather than acidification or alkalization. The increase in exchangeable copper in rhizosphere was strengthened by microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tao
- Department of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
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42
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Gong ZM, Xu FL, Dawson R, Cao J, Liu WX, Li BG, Shen WR, Zhang WJ, Qin BP, Sun R, Tao S. Residues of hexachlorocyclohexane isomers and their distribution characteristics in soils in the Tianjin area, China. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2004; 46:432-437. [PMID: 15253039 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-003-2301-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) has a history of use in China. This paper presents the results of an investigation of HCH residue isomers and their distribution characteristics in soils near Tianjin, China. One hundred eighty-eight soil samples were collected from the Tianjin area. Four HCH isomers-alpha-HCH, beta-HCH, gamma-HCH, and delta-HCH-were detected using gas chromatography for all samples. Concentrations of the sum HCH ranged from 1.3 to 1095 ng g(-1), among which beta-HCH accounted for 52.5%. In addition, residues of HCH within Tianjin's urban areas were found to be higher. No significant differences were found between the residues of HCH in soils from waste irrigation areas and those in other areas. Total organic carbon content was determined to impact the residue levels of HCH in soils, while pH value and clay content were not related to concentrations of HCH. In general, all HCH isomers in soil samples had abnormally high residue levels, possibly the result of continuous use of HCH in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z M Gong
- Department of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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43
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Pan B, Liu WX, Shi Z, Cao J, Shen WR, Qing BP, Sun R, Tao S. Sample purification for analysis of organochlorine pesticides in sediment and fish muscle. J Environ Sci Health B 2004; 39:353-365. [PMID: 15186026 DOI: 10.1081/pfc-120035922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The methods of sample purification for determinations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in sediment and fish muscle were investigated in this study. A two-step procedure with preliminary cleanup and florisil column fraction was adopted. The working conditions of florisil column were firstly optimized. As to preliminary cleanup, liquid-liquid extraction by mixture of dimethyl formamide (DMF) and hexane and sulphonation by concentrated sulfuric acid were applied respectively and compared for the studied samples. The results indicated that liquid-liquid distribution could effectively separate lipids from fish muscle extracts, while failed in elimination of chlorophyll extracted from the relicts of hydrophytes in the sediment sample. In view of the sample appearance and clarity of gas chromatogram, sulphonation was more suitable to purify the sediment sample, however, the recoveries of the spiked standards were poor. The use of eluting solvent with stronger polarity could improve the corresponding recoveries significantly. Due to complete loss of Dieldrin, Endrin, and Endrin aldehyde after sulphonation, this pretreatment was improper to the three components. Sulfur, as the particular disturbing element in sediment, could be removed sufficiently by addition of activated copper powder. The relevant detection limits of the selected methods for OCPs in the studied substrates were also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Pan
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes Simulation and Analysis, College of Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Tao S, Cui YH, Xu FL, Li BG, Cao J, Liu WX, Schmitt G, Wang XJ, Shen WR, Qing BP, Sun R. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in agricultural soil and vegetables from Tianjin. Sci Total Environ 2004; 320:11-24. [PMID: 14987923 DOI: 10.1016/s0048-9697(03)00453-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Several types of vegetables were collected from two contaminated sites in Tianjin, China. The bulk soil and the rhizosphere soil samples were also collected from the same plots. Sixteen PAHs in the samples were measured. The total concentrations of PAH16 in the bulk soil from the two sites were 1.08 and 6.25 microg/g, respectively, with similar pattern. The concentrations of PAH16 and individual compounds in the rhizosphere were significantly higher than those in the bulk soil with mean values of 2.25 and 7.82 microg/g for the two sites, respectively. The contents of both total and dissolved organic matter in the rhizosphere were also higher than those in the bulk soil. Almost all PAH compounds studied were detected in both roots and aerial parts of the vegetables studied. Abundance of higher molecular weight PAHs in vegetable, however, was lower than that in soil. Concentrations of PAH16 in vegetable were higher than those reported in the literature for other areas. It appears that agricultural soils and vegetables in Tianjin, especially those from the site located immediately next to an urban district and irrigated with wastewater for several decades, are severely contaminated by PAHs. Among the eight types of vegetable studied, the highest concentration of PAHs was found in cauliflower. By average, the concentration of PAH16 in the aerial part of vegetables was 6.5 times higher as that in vegetable root, suggesting that foliar uptake is the primary transfer pathway of PAHs from environment to vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tao
- College of Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
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45
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Tao S, Guo LQ, Wang XJ, Liu WX, Ju TZ, Dawson R, Cao J, Xu FL, Li BG. Use of sequential ASE extraction to evaluate the bioavailability of DDT and its metabolites to wheat roots in soils with various organic carbon contents. Sci Total Environ 2004; 320:1-9. [PMID: 14987922 DOI: 10.1016/s0048-9697(03)00452-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2003] [Revised: 07/26/2003] [Accepted: 07/31/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
An accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) procedure using water, n-hexane and a mixture of n-hexane and acetone as solvents in sequence was developed and tested to evaluate the bioavailability of DDT and its metabolites including p,p'-DDT, o,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE, and p,p'-DDD (SigmaDDTs) to wheat uptake from soils characterized by varied organic carbon contents. Results indicated that the extractability of SigmaDDTs with water was enhanced considerably in the presence of water soluble organic carbon (WSOC), while the amount of SigmaDDTs extracted with n-hexane was negatively correlated to the content of water insoluble organic carbon (WIOC). The interaction between SigmaDDTs and WIOC also reduced the bioavailability of the pesticides to wheat roots during uptake. There was a good positive correlation between the amount of SigmaDDTs extracted by n-hexane and the amount of SigmaDDTs accumulated in wheat roots, suggesting some potential for the use of the n-hexane ASE-extracted fraction as an indicator of SigmaDDTs' bioavailability to plant uptake. As such, the three sequentially extracted fractions may be viewed as representing the mobile, bioavailable, and fixed pools of SigmaDDTs in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tao
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
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46
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Gong ZM, Tao S, Xu FL, Dawson R, Liu WX, Cui YH, Cao J, Wang XJ, Shen WR, Zhang WJ, Qing BP, Sun R. Level and distribution of DDT in surface soils from Tianjin, China. Chemosphere 2004; 54:1247-1253. [PMID: 14664854 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2003.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
One hundred and eighty eight surface soil samples were collected from the Tianjin area to study the contamination of DDT and its metabolites. Measurements were taken for p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDD, p,p'-DDT, o,p'-DDE, o,p'-DDD and o,p'-DDT for all samples. The results indicated that p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE were the predominant contaminant compounds in the surface soil samples, with mean concentrations of 27.5 and 18.8 ng g(-1) respectively. No significant differences in DDT concentrations were found between the soils from wastewater treated irrigated areas and other areas, suggesting that wastewater irrigation is not an important source of DDT in the area. However, the spatial distribution of soil DDTs levels in the area did correlate well with early direct application rates of pesticides. In addition, both pH level and organic carbon content are also known factors affecting the level of DDT and its metabolites. Although it was assumed that the use of these chemicals was banned in the early 1980s, the current concentration levels appear to be too high to be mere residuals after 20 years degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z M Gong
- Department of Urban and Environmental Sciences, MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Cao J, Lam KC, Dawson RW, Liu WX, Tao S. The effect of pH, ion strength and reactant content on the complexation of Cu2+ by various natural organic ligands from water and soil in Hong Kong. Chemosphere 2004; 54:507-514. [PMID: 14581053 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2003.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The complexation constants for copper associated with different natural organic ligands, including dissolved organic carbon (DOC) extracted from water, water soluble organic carbon (WSOC), fulvic acid (FA) and humic acid (HA) from soil, were determined and then compared based on discrete single site model. Both ion-selective electrode (ISE) and anodic stripping voltammetry were used to determine the content of free copper ions, while the relative number of complexation sites was estimated using a fluorescence quenching (FQ) at the same time. ISE proved to be the most applicable technique when the concentration of copper was above 10(-7) moll(-1). The logk values for two WSOC sample sites (Song Ziyuan and Xin Niangtan) were 4.64 and 4.66; higher than both the DOC and HA values yet lower than the FA values, which were unusually high due to unavoidable pollution from the cation exchange resin used during the purification process. Binding affinities between the copper ions and the organic ligands obtained from streams in Yong Wei (DOC) and Song Ziyuan (WSOC) were influenced by pH, ion strength, and reactant concentration. Values for logk increased with increases in pH (ion strength of 0.1 N). At pH 4, the logk values decreased with increases in the supporting electrolyte concentration and total copper ion additions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cao
- College of Environmental Science, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Liu WX, Li XD, Shen ZG, Wang DC, Wai OWH, Li YS. Multivariate statistical study of heavy metal enrichment in sediments of the Pearl River Estuary. Environ Pollut 2003; 121:377-88. [PMID: 12685766 DOI: 10.1016/s0269-7491(02)00234-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations and chemical partitioning of heavy metals in the sediment cores of the Pearl River Estuary were studied. Based on Pearson correlation coefficients and principal component analysis results, Al was selected as the concentration normalizer for Pb, while Fe was used as the normalizing element for Co, Cu, Ni and Zn. In each profile, sections with metal concentrations exceeding the upper 95% prediction interval of the linear regression model were regarded as metal enrichment layers. The heavy metal accumulation mainly occurred at sites in the western shallow water areas and east channel, which reflected the hydraulic conditions and influence from riparian anthropogenic activities. Heavy metals in the enrichment sections were evaluated by a sequential extraction method for possible chemical forms in sediments. Since the residual, Fe/Mn oxides and organic/sulfide fractions were dominant geochemical phases in the enriched sections, the bioavailability of heavy metals in sediments was generally low. The 206Pb/207Pb ratios in the metal-enriched sediment sections also revealed the influence of anthropogenic sources. The spatial distribution of cumulative heavy metals in the sediments suggested that the Zn and Cu mainly originated from point sources, while the Pb probably came from non-point sources in the estuary.
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Affiliation(s)
- W X Liu
- Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Wang XE, Chen PD, Zhou B, Yuan JH, Liu WX, Gill BS, Liu DJ. [RFLP analysis of wheat-L. racemosus translocation lines]. Yi Chuan Xue Bao 2002; 28:1142-50. [PMID: 11797344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
A number of wheat-L. racemosus translocation lines were developed by irradiation, pollen culture and gametocidal chromosome methods. In order to identify homozygous translocation lines and determine the exact location of the breakpoints involved in the translocations, 67 probes genetically or physically mapped previously on wheat chromosomes belonging to seven homoeologous groups were used for RFLP analysis. Three homozygous translocation lines were identified: T1BL.7Lr # 1S, T4BS.4BL-7Lr # 1 and T6AL.7Lr # 1S. In lines T1BL.7Lr # 1S and T6AL.7Lr # 1S, the breakpoint of chromosome 7Lr # 1 was located in the short arm between the area marked by clone MWG808 and that of ABG476.1, and the breakpoints of chromosomes 1B and 6A were both located near the centromere. In line T4BS.4BL-7Lr # 1S, the breakpoint of chromosome 7Lr # 1 was located in the short arm between the area marked by clone BCD349 and that of CDO595, the breakpoint of chromosome 4B was located in the long arm between the area marked by clone CDO541 and that of PSR164.
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Affiliation(s)
- X E Wang
- Key Lab of Cytogenetics, Dept. of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Abstract
AIM: To observe the effects of Qiwei Baizhu Powder (QWBZP) on rotaviral gastroenteritis in children and in animal models.
METHODS: Enrolled patients were divided into two groups, and one group was treated with oral rehydration solution (ORS) and the other treated with oral liquid of QWBZP. Neonate mice were orally infected with 50 μL rotavirus suspension (4 × 108 PFU/mL) and treated with ORS or oral liquid of QWBZP, respectively.
RESULTS: Eighty-three cases of rotaviral gastroenteritis treated with QWBZP revealed a better efficacy than that treated with ORS (χ² = 10.87, P < 0.05). The contents of sodium and glucose as well as number of patients with positive human rotavirus antigen in stool in QWBZP group were all less than that in ORS group. In animal models, QWBZP was found effective in treating rotavirus gastroenteritis in neonate NIH mice, as compared with control groups. In QWBZP group, the mortality of infected mice was decreased by 73.3%, the body weight of infected mice was increased, the contents of sodium and glucose as well as number of mice with positive rotavirus antigen in feces were significantly reduced, and the pathological changes such as damage of small intestinal mucosa and villi were also obviously alleviated.
CONCLUSION: QWBZP has effects on improving the absorptive function of small intestine, shortening the duration of diarrhea and rotavirus shedding from stool and alleviating the pathological changes of small intestine induced by rotavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T He
- Institute of Combined Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Medical University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China.
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