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Sanders GJ, Boddy LM, Sparks SA, Curry WB, Roe B, Kaehne A, Fairclough SJ. Evaluation of wrist and hip sedentary behaviour and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity raw acceleration cutpoints in older adults. J Sports Sci 2018; 37:1270-1279. [DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2018.1555904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George J. Sanders
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
| | - Lynne M. Boddy
- Physical Activity Exchange, Research Institute for Sports and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - S. Andy Sparks
- Sport Nutrition and Performance Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
| | | | - Brenda Roe
- Faculty of Health and Social Care, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
- Personal Social Services Research Unit, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Axel Kaehne
- Faculty of Health and Social Care, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
| | - Stuart J. Fairclough
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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Owen MB, Kerner C, Taylor SL, Noonan RJ, Newson L, Kosteli MC, Curry WB, Fairclough SJ. The Feasibility and Acceptability of The Girls Peer Activity (G-PACT) Peer-led Mentoring Intervention. Children (Basel) 2018; 5:children5090128. [PMID: 30235896 PMCID: PMC6162561 DOI: 10.3390/children5090128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Enjoyment of physical activity (PA) is positively correlated with PA engagement. The inclusion of peers has been found to increase the likelihood of PA enjoyment in youth. Peer-led strategies, incorporating peer networks in the intervention delivery, is relatively underused and consequently understudied in school-based PA interventions. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of the novel Girls Peer Activity (G-PACT) peer-led mentoring intervention. Two-hundred and forty-nine Year 9 adolescent girls (13–14 years old) from three mixed-sex secondary schools located in West Lancashire, North-West England were invited to participate in the G-PACT project. The study employed a novel approach by using a three-tier model, including (Tier 1) Mentors (undergraduate students), (Tier 2) Leaders (Year 9 girls selected by teachers), and (Tier 3) Peers (whole Year 9 cohort). Mentors delivered a series of educational and leadership training to the Leaders in each respective school who then disseminated this information to their Peers and encouraged them to engage in more physical activities. Eight focus groups were conducted with Leaders (n = 40), 28 focus groups with Peers (n = 185), two focus groups with Mentors (n = 6), and three interviews with teachers (n = 4). Thematic analysis was used to analyze the pooled data and identify the key themes. The study found that the G-PACT intervention was feasible and acceptable for adolescent PA Leaders and their Mentors. The relationship between Leaders and their Peers required refinement to improve the communication processes to increase Peer engagement in the G-PACT project.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Owen
- Movement Behaviours, Health and Wellbeing Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, St Helens Road, Ormskirk, Lancashire L39 4QP, UK.
| | - Charlotte Kerner
- Movement Behaviours, Health and Wellbeing Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, St Helens Road, Ormskirk, Lancashire L39 4QP, UK.
- Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University, London UB8 3PH, UK.
| | - Sarah L Taylor
- Movement Behaviours, Health and Wellbeing Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, St Helens Road, Ormskirk, Lancashire L39 4QP, UK.
| | - Robert J Noonan
- Movement Behaviours, Health and Wellbeing Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, St Helens Road, Ormskirk, Lancashire L39 4QP, UK.
| | - Lisa Newson
- Natural Sciences and Psychology, Research Centre for Brain and Behaviour, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 5AF, UK.
| | - Maria-Christina Kosteli
- Movement Behaviours, Health and Wellbeing Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, St Helens Road, Ormskirk, Lancashire L39 4QP, UK.
| | - Whitney B Curry
- Wellbeing and Public Health, Cornwall Council, Truro TR1 3AY, UK.
| | - Stuart J Fairclough
- Movement Behaviours, Health and Wellbeing Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, St Helens Road, Ormskirk, Lancashire L39 4QP, UK.
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Owen MB, Curry WB, Kerner C, Newson L, Fairclough SJ. The effectiveness of school-based physical activity interventions for adolescent girls: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Prev Med 2017; 105:237-249. [PMID: 28964852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) decreases during the transition from childhood to adolescence, with larger declines observed in girls. School-based interventions are considered the most promising approach for increasing adolescents' PA levels although, it is unclear which types of school-based interventions have the greatest impact. The objective of this systematic review is to assess the impact and design of school-based PA interventions targeting adolescent girls. A systematic search was conducted using four electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus and PsychInfo). This systematic review was registered with PROSPERO (Registration number: CRD42016037428) and PRISMA guidelines (2009) were followed throughout. Twenty studies were identified as meeting the inclusion criteria and were included in a narrative synthesis. Seventeen studies were eligible for inclusion in a meta-analysis. There was a significant small positive treatment effect for school-based PA interventions for adolescent girls (k=17, g=0.37, p<0.05). After an outlier was removed (residual z=7.61) the average treatment effect was significantly reduced, indicating a very small positive effect (k=16, g=0.07, p=0.05). Subgroup analysis revealed very small significant effects for multi-component interventions (k=7, g=0.09, p<0.05), interventions underpinned by theory (k=12, g=0.07, p<0.05), and studies with a higher risk of bias (k=13, g=0.09, p<0.05). Intervention effects were very small which indicates that changing PA behaviors in adolescent girls through school-based interventions is challenging. Multi-component interventions and interventions underpinned by theory may be the most effective approaches to positively change adolescent girls' PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Owen
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, St Helens Road, Ormskirk, Lancashire, UK.
| | - Whitney B Curry
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, St Helens Road, Ormskirk, Lancashire, UK
| | | | - Lisa Newson
- Natural Sciences and Psychology, Research Centre for Brain and Behaviour, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Stuart J Fairclough
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, St Helens Road, Ormskirk, Lancashire, UK; Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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Curry WB, Dagkas S, Wilson M. Levels and patterns of physical activity and sedentary time among superdiverse adolescents in East London: a cross-sectional study. Ethn Health 2017; 22:242-256. [PMID: 27809593 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2016.1252833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Little is known about the physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (ST) habits of adolescents from superdiverse communities in the UK. The objectives of this study are to examine and report the patterns of PA/ST among adolescents in East London living in superdiverse communities, to identify opportunities/barriers to PA and inform policy/practice. DESIGN A total of 1260 young people (aged 11-13 years) from seven secondary schools in East London completed a questionnaire on PA/ST over the past seven days as part of the Newham's Every Child a Sports Person (NECaSP) intervention. Socio-demographic and anthropometric data were obtained. Significance tests were conducted to determine differences between socio-demographic and anthropometric predictors and PA/ST. Multinomial logit regression was used to explore the effects of ethnicity, sex, and body mass index (BMI) on PA levels. RESULTS Males were significantly more likely to engage in PA at least five times during school in the past week (U = 5.07, z = -11.76, p < .05). Obese participants were less likely to report engaging in PA five times in the past week (U = 4.11, z =-1.17, p < .05). Black Caribbean girls (U = 5.08, z = -1.92, p < .05) were significantly more likely to report engaging in no activity. Multinomial logit regression analyses revealed that girls with higher BMI were less likely to engage in PA at least four times after school in the last week than boys (b = .11, Wald X2(1) = 9.81, p < .01). Walking (36.4%), jogging/running (29.9%), and football (28%) were the most frequently reported activities. CONCLUSION Engaging girls in PA during and after school is important and making sports clubs and activities available and attractive to this target group may help increase engagement in PA and reduce ST. Findings support the need for more sex-specific and culturally responsive pedagogy in schools with curricula that respects diversity and individuality and has meaning and value amongst superdiverse young people. Finally, we need to extend current work presented and provide substantial evidence of the ways young people from minority ethnic groups process and act on the public health policy and the ways they understand and enact PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney B Curry
- a Physical Activity and Health Research Group, Sport and Physical Activity Department , Edge Hill University , Ormskirk , UK
| | - Symeon Dagkas
- b School of Health, Sport and Bioscience , University of East London , London , UK
| | - Marcia Wilson
- b School of Health, Sport and Bioscience , University of East London , London , UK
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Taylor SL, Curry WB, Knowles ZR, Noonan RJ, McGrane B, Fairclough SJ. Predictors of Segmented School Day Physical Activity and Sedentary Time in Children from a Northwest England Low-Income Community. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2017; 14:ijerph14050534. [PMID: 28509887 PMCID: PMC5451985 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14050534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background: Schools have been identified as important settings for health promotion through physical activity participation, particularly as children are insufficiently active for health. The aim of this study was to investigate the child and school-level influences on children′s physical activity levels and sedentary time during school hours in a sample of children from a low-income community; Methods: One hundred and eighty-six children (110 boys) aged 9–10 years wore accelerometers for 7 days, with 169 meeting the inclusion criteria of 16 h∙day−1 for a minimum of three week days. Multilevel prediction models were constructed to identify significant predictors of sedentary time, light, and moderate to vigorous physical activity during school hour segments. Child-level predictors (sex, weight status, maturity offset, cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity self-efficacy, physical activity enjoyment) and school-level predictors (number on roll, playground area, provision score) were entered into the models; Results: Maturity offset, fitness, weight status, waist circumference-to-height ratio, sedentary time, moderate to vigorous physical activity, number of children on roll and playground area significantly predicted physical activity and sedentary time; Conclusions: Research should move towards considering context-specific physical activity and its correlates to better inform intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Taylor
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, St. Helens Road, Ormskirk, Lancs L39 4QP, UK.
| | - Whitney B Curry
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, St. Helens Road, Ormskirk, Lancs L39 4QP, UK.
| | - Zoe R Knowles
- Physical Activity Exchange, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 2AT, UK.
| | - Robert J Noonan
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, St. Helens Road, Ormskirk, Lancs L39 4QP, UK.
| | - Bronagh McGrane
- School of Arts Education & Movement, Dublin City University Institute of Education, St. Patrick's Campus, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Stuart J Fairclough
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, St. Helens Road, Ormskirk, Lancs L39 4QP, UK.
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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Curry WB, Dagkas S, Creary N, Wilson M. Perception Of Discrimination Among Asian European Footballers In London (Aged 11–18 Yrs). Med Sci Sports Exerc 2016. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000485474.18236.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Curry WB, Thompson JL. Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in south Asian women: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:1269. [PMID: 25495589 PMCID: PMC4301855 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-1269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND South Asian (SA) women in the United Kingdom (UK) are known to be at high risk for developing chronic diseases, and to have low levels of physical activity (PA). Increasing levels of PA and reducing sedentary time (ST) are recognized as factors to target in an effort to curb chronic disease morbidity and mortality. There is limited evidence documenting objectively measured PA/ST and their correlates in SA women. Therefore the purpose of this cross-sectional study was to objectively measure and report patterns of PA/ST among SA women in the UK and examine potential socio-demographic correlates of PA/ST. METHODS 140 UK SA women (Pakistani and Bangladeshi) wore an accelerometer for 7 consecutive days. Anthropometric measurements and self-reported socio-demographic information were taken. RESULTS Mean daily moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was 34.66 ± 21.52 minutes and mean daily ST was 530.20 ± 81.76 minutes, with an inverse correlation (r = -.270, N = 140, p < .001) showing that higher ST was associated with lower MVPA. The same was seen for light intensity PA (LPA) (r = -.610, N = 140, p < .001). MVPA was significantly higher for younger women (18-64.5 yrs), with 64.7% of older women (≥65 yrs) failing to meet PA guidelines (t = 3.101, p < 0.05). Overweight/obese women had lower levels of LPA, MVPA and higher ST (p < .001). Multiple linear regression analyses indicated 14.9% of the variance in MVPA was explained by age and waist circumference (F(2,138) = 6.41, p < 0.002). LPA and ST were significantly higher on weekend days than weekdays (p < .001), and MVPA was significantly higher on weekdays than weekend days. CONCLUSIONS Results indicate higher levels of PA in this sample than previously assumed. High levels of LPA in this sample indicate the need for health promotion interventions to target not only duration, but also intensity of activity in this population to achieve PA recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney B Curry
- />School of Health, Sport and Bioscience, University of East London, London, E15 4LZ UK
| | - Janice L Thompson
- />School of Sport, Exercise & Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT UK
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Curry WB, Grabe MD, Kurnikov IV, Skourtis SS, Beratan DN, Regan JJ, Aquino AJ, Beroza P, Onuchic JN. Pathways, pathway tubes, pathway docking, and propagators in electron transfer proteins. J Bioenerg Biomembr 1995; 27:285-93. [PMID: 8847342 DOI: 10.1007/bf02110098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The simplest views of long-range electron transfer utilize flat one-dimensional barrier tunneling models, neglecting structural details of the protein medium. The pathway model of protein electron transfer reintroduces structure by distinguishing between covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds, and van der Waals contacts. These three kinds of interactions in a tunneling pathway each have distinctive decay factors associated with them. The distribution and arrangement of these bonded and nonbonded contacts in a folded protein varies tremendously between structures, adding a richness to the tunneling problem that is absent in simpler views. We review the pathway model and the predictions that it makes for protein electron transfer rates in small proteins, docked proteins, and the photosynthetic reactions center. We also review the formulation of the protein electron transfer problem as an effective two-level system. New multi-pathway approaches and improved electronic Hamiltonians are described briefly as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- W B Curry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
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