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deBoer RJ, Febbraro M, Bardayan DW, Boomershine C, Brandenburg K, Brune C, Coil S, Couder M, Derkin J, Dede S, Fang R, Fritsch A, Gula A, Gyürky G, Hackett B, Hamad G, Jones-Alberty Y, Kelmar R, Manukyan K, Matney M, McDonaugh J, Meisel Z, Moylan S, Nattress J, Odell D, O'Malley P, Paris MW, Robertson D, Shahina, Singh N, Smith K, Smith MS, Stech E, Tan W, Wiescher M. Measurement of the ^{13}C(α, n_{0})^{16}O Differential Cross Section from 0.8 to 6.5 MeV. Phys Rev Lett 2024; 132:062702. [PMID: 38394565 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.062702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The cross section of the ^{13}C(α,n)^{16}O reaction is needed for nuclear astrophysics and applications to a precision of 10% or better, yet inconsistencies among 50 years of experimental studies currently lead to an uncertainty of ≈15%. Using a state-of-the-art neutron detection array, we have performed a high resolution differential cross section study covering a broad energy range. These measurements result in a dramatic improvement in the extrapolation of the cross section to stellar energies potentially reducing the uncertainty to ≈5% and resolving long standing discrepancies in higher energy data.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J deBoer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - M Febbraro
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - D W Bardayan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - C Boomershine
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - K Brandenburg
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - C Brune
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S Coil
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - M Couder
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - J Derkin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S Dede
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - R Fang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - A Fritsch
- Department of Physics, Gonzaga University, Spokane, Washington 99258, USA
| | - A Gula
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Gy Gyürky
- Institute for Nuclear Research (Atomki), P.O.B 51, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - B Hackett
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - G Hamad
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - Y Jones-Alberty
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - R Kelmar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - K Manukyan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - M Matney
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - J McDonaugh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Z Meisel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S Moylan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - J Nattress
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - D Odell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - P O'Malley
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - M W Paris
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - D Robertson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Shahina
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - N Singh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - K Smith
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M S Smith
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - E Stech
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - W Tan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - M Wiescher
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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Li SY, Xie XY, Liu D, Cheng GR, Hu FF, Zeng DY, Chen XC, Jia LF, Wang YJ, Bu XL, Qiu C, Gao F, Gu JG, Liu MF, Li Y, Zhou YL, Chang HJ, Ou YM, Xu L, Wu ZX, Zhang JJ, Wang JY, Huang LY, Cui YY, Zhou J, Liu XC, Liu J, Nie QQ, Song D, Cai C, Han GB, Yang X, Tan W, Yu JT, Zeng Y. China Initiative for Multi-Domain Intervention (CHINA-IN-MUDI) to Prevent Cognitive Decline: Study Design and Progress. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2024; 11:589-600. [PMID: 38706275 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2024.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common type of irreversible dementia, is predicted to affect 152 million people by 2050. Evidence from large-scale preventive randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on modifiable risk variables in Europe has shown that multi-domain lifestyle treatments for older persons at high risk of dementia may be practical and effective. Given the substantial differences between the Chinese and European populations in terms of demographics and living conditions, direct adoption of the European program in China remains unfeasible. Although a RCT has been conducted in China previously, its participants were mainly from rural areas in northern China and, thus, are not representative of the entire nation.There is an urgent need to establish cohorts that represent different economic, cultural, and geographical situations in order to explore implementation strategies and evaluate the effects of early multi-domain interventions more comprehensively and accurately. MEDTODS We developed an integrated intervention procedure implemented in urban neighborhood settings, namely China Initiative for Multi-Domain Intervention (CHINA-IN-MUDI). CHINA-IN-MUDI is a 2-year multicenter open-label cluster-randomised controlled trial centered around a Chinese-style multi-domain intervention to prevent cognitive decline. Participants aged 60-80 years were recruited from a nationally representative study, i.e. China Healthy Aging and Dementia Study cohort. An external harmonization process was carried out to preserve the original FINGER design. Subsequently, we standardized a series of Chinese-style intervention programs to align with cultural and socioeconomic status. Additionally, we expanded the secondary outcome list to include genomic and proteomic analyses. To enhance adherence and facilitate implementation, we leveraged an e-health application. RESULTS Screening commenced in July 2022. Currently, 1,965 participants have been randomized into lifestyle intervention (n = 772) and control groups (n = 1,193). Both the intervention and control groups exhibited similar baseline characteristics. Several lifestyle and vascular risk factors were present, indicating a potential window of opportunity for intervention. The intervention will be completed by 2025. CONCLUSIONS This project will contribute to the evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of intervention strategies in controlling AD risk and reducing clinical events, providing a basis for public health decision-making in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-Y Li
- Yan Zeng, Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, West Huangjiahu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430065, China. ; Jin-Tai Yu, Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12th Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai 200040, China. ; Wei Tan, Geriatric Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, West Huangjiahu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430065, China.
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Tan W, Ong YS, Ng CYQ, Kwok KY, Tan CYY, Sng LH. Anatomical tilt lateral wrist X-ray - Not always 22°. Radiography (Lond) 2023; 29:807-811. [PMID: 37271013 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) with volar locking plates are commonly used to manage distal radial fractures. The anatomical tilt lateral (ATL) wrist X-ray is often required for evaluation of intra-articular screw penetration due to the screw position. This study aims to evaluate the correlation between the tube angulation given by performing radiographers for the ATL projection and the post-examination measurement of radial inclination (RI) on the Posterior Anterior (PA) wrist image. METHODS A retrospective review was performed for 36 patients. A standardised method developed by Kreder et al. (1996) was used to measure the RI on the PA wrist image. All ATL images sent into Picture Archiving and Communications System (PACS) have the tube angulation applied annotated on the image. Pearson's correlation was used to analyse the co-relationship between the RI and the tube angle applied for ATL projection. RESULTS The average angle of RI measured by the four observers was 19. Normality of 0.385 was established. A positive correlation (p = 0.792) between the RI and the tube angle applied for ATL was found. CONCLUSION Our study found a strong positive correlation between the tube angulation applied by performing radiographers for the ATL projection and the post-examination RI measured on the PA wrist image by the independent reviewers. This suggests that radiographers can use the measured RI to apply the tube angulation when performing the ATL wrist X-ray, instead of estimating the tube angulation to be applied. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Using the measured RI to apply the tube angulation when performing the ATL wrist X-ray will ensure a more reliable and reproducible way that could reduce the number of repeated images and, thus, unnecessary radiation dose to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Tan
- Allied Health Division, Radiography Department, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Rd, 169608, Singapore.
| | - Y S Ong
- Allied Health Division, Radiography Department, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Rd, 169608, Singapore.
| | - C Y Q Ng
- Department of Radiology, Sengkang General Hospital, 110 Sengkang East Way, 544886, Singapore.
| | - K Y Kwok
- Department of Radiology, Sengkang General Hospital, 110 Sengkang East Way, 544886, Singapore.
| | - C Y Y Tan
- Allied Health Division, Radiography Department, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Rd, 169608, Singapore.
| | - L H Sng
- Department of Radiology, Sengkang General Hospital, 110 Sengkang East Way, 544886, Singapore.
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Chen HX, Ren NX, Yang J, Chen JN, Lu QX, Feng YR, Huang Y, Yin LL, Lin DX, Li YX, Jin J, Tan W. [Associations of genetic variations in pyroptosis related genes with acute adverse events in postoperative rectal cancer patients receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2023; 45:146-152. [PMID: 36781235 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20220622-00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to investigate the associations between genetic variations of pyroptosis pathway related key genes and adverse events (AEs) of postoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with rectal cancer. Methods: DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood which was collected from 347 patients before CRT. Sequenom MassARRAY was used to detect the genotypes of 43 haplotype-tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (htSNPs) in eight pyroptosis genes, including absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2), caspase-1 (CASP1), caspase-4(CASP4), caspase-5 (CASP5), caspase-11 (CASP11), gasdermin D (GSDMD), gasdermin E (GSDME) and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3). The associations between 43 htSNPs and AEs were evaluated by the odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) by unconditional logistic regression models, adjusted for sex, age, clinical stage, tumor grade, Karnofsky performance status (KPS), surgical procedure, and tumor location. Results: Among the 347 patients with rectal cancer underwent concurrent CRT with capecitabine after surgery, a total of 101(29.1%) occurred grade ≥ 2 leukopenia. rs11226565 (OR=0.41, 95% CI: 0.21-0.79, P=0.008), rs579408(OR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.03-2.29, P=0.034) and rs543923 (OR=0.63, 95% CI: 0.41-0.98, P=0.040) were significantly associated with the occurrence of grade ≥ 2 leukopenia. One hundred and fifty-six (45.0%) had grade ≥ 2 diarrhea, two SNPs were significantly associated with the occurrence of grade ≥ diarrhea, including CASP11 rs10880868 (OR=0.55, 95% CI: 0.33-0.91, P=0.020) and GSDME rs2954558 (OR=1.52, 95% CI: 1.01-2.31, P=0.050). In addition, sixty-six cases (19.0%) developed grade ≥2 dermatitis, three SNPs that significantly associated with the risk of grade ≥2 dermatitis included GSDME rs2237314 (OR=0.36, 95% CI: 0.16-0.83, P=0.017), GSDME rs12540919 (OR=0.52, 95% CI: 0.27-0.99, P=0.045) and NLRP3 rs3806268 (OR=1.51, 95% CI: 1.03-2.22, P=0.037). There was no significant difference in the association between other genetic variations and AEs of rectal cancer patients (all P>0.05). Surgical procedure and tumor location had great impacts on the occurrence of grade ≥2 diarrhea and dermatitis (all P<0.01). Conclusion: The genetic variants of CASP4, CASP11, GSDME and NLRP3 are associated with the occurrence of AEs in patients with rectal cancer who received postoperative CRT, suggesting they may be potential genetic markers in predicting the grade of AEs to achieve individualized treatment of rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- H X Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology & Carcinogenesis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - N X Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology & Carcinogenesis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - J Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology & Carcinogenesis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - J N Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology & Carcinogenesis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Q X Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology & Carcinogenesis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Y R Feng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Y Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology & Carcinogenesis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - L L Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology & Carcinogenesis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - D X Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology & Carcinogenesis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Y X Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - J Jin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - W Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology & Carcinogenesis, Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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Wu X, Senanayake R, Goodchild E, Bashari WA, Salsbury J, Cabrera CP, Argentesi G, O’Toole SM, Matson M, Koo B, Parvanta L, Hilliard N, Kosmoliaptsis V, Marker A, Berney DM, Tan W, Foo R, Mein CA, Wozniak E, Savage E, Sahdev A, Bird N, Laycock K, Boros I, Hader S, Warnes V, Gillett D, Dawnay A, Adeyeye E, Prete A, Taylor AE, Arlt W, Bhuva AN, Aigbirhio F, Manisty C, McIntosh A, McConnachie A, Cruickshank JK, Cheow H, Gurnell M, Drake WM, Brown MJ. [ 11C]metomidate PET-CT versus adrenal vein sampling for diagnosing surgically curable primary aldosteronism: a prospective, within-patient trial. Nat Med 2023; 29:190-202. [PMID: 36646800 PMCID: PMC9873572 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-02114-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Primary aldosteronism (PA) due to a unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma is a common cause of hypertension. This can be cured, or greatly improved, by adrenal surgery. However, the invasive nature of the standard pre-surgical investigation contributes to fewer than 1% of patients with PA being offered the chance of a cure. The primary objective of our prospective study of 143 patients with PA ( NCT02945904 ) was to compare the accuracy of a non-invasive test, [11C]metomidate positron emission tomography computed tomography (MTO) scanning, with adrenal vein sampling (AVS) in predicting the biochemical remission of PA and the resolution of hypertension after surgery. A total of 128 patients reached 6- to 9-month follow-up, with 78 (61%) treated surgically and 50 (39%) managed medically. Of the 78 patients receiving surgery, 77 achieved one or more PA surgical outcome criterion for success. The accuracies of MTO at predicting biochemical and clinical success following adrenalectomy were, respectively, 72.7 and 65.4%. For AVS, the accuracies were 63.6 and 61.5%. MTO was not significantly superior, but the differences of 9.1% (95% confidence interval = -6.5 to 24.1%) and 3.8% (95% confidence interval = -11.9 to 9.4) lay within the pre-specified -17% margin for non-inferiority (P = 0.00055 and P = 0.0077, respectively). Of 24 serious adverse events, none was considered related to either investigation and 22 were fully resolved. MTO enables non-invasive diagnosis of unilateral PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilin Wu
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133Endocrine Hypertension, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom ,grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom ,grid.139534.90000 0001 0372 5777Department of Endocrinology, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Russell Senanayake
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome–MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom ,grid.24029.3d0000 0004 0383 8386NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom ,grid.24029.3d0000 0004 0383 8386Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Goodchild
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133Endocrine Hypertension, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom ,grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom ,grid.139534.90000 0001 0372 5777Department of Endocrinology, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Waiel A. Bashari
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome–MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom ,grid.24029.3d0000 0004 0383 8386NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom ,grid.24029.3d0000 0004 0383 8386Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jackie Salsbury
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133Endocrine Hypertension, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom ,grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia P. Cabrera
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133Centre for Translational Bioinformatics, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giulia Argentesi
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133Endocrine Hypertension, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom ,grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom ,grid.139534.90000 0001 0372 5777Department of Endocrinology, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel M. O’Toole
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133Endocrine Hypertension, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom ,grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom ,grid.139534.90000 0001 0372 5777Department of Endocrinology, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom ,grid.416126.60000 0004 0641 6031Department of Endocrinology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Matson
- grid.139534.90000 0001 0372 5777Department of Radiology, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Brendan Koo
- grid.24029.3d0000 0004 0383 8386Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Laila Parvanta
- grid.139534.90000 0001 0372 5777Department of Endocrinology, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Hilliard
- grid.24029.3d0000 0004 0383 8386Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Vasilis Kosmoliaptsis
- grid.24029.3d0000 0004 0383 8386Department of Surgery, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Marker
- grid.24029.3d0000 0004 0383 8386Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel M. Berney
- grid.139534.90000 0001 0372 5777Department of Histopathology, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wilson Tan
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roger Foo
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Charles A. Mein
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133Barts and the London Genome Centre, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eva Wozniak
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133Barts and the London Genome Centre, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emmanuel Savage
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133Barts and the London Genome Centre, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anju Sahdev
- grid.139534.90000 0001 0372 5777Department of Radiology, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Bird
- grid.24029.3d0000 0004 0383 8386Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Laycock
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133Endocrine Hypertension, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom ,grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom ,grid.139534.90000 0001 0372 5777Department of Endocrinology, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Istvan Boros
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Hader
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria Warnes
- grid.24029.3d0000 0004 0383 8386Department of Nuclear Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Gillett
- grid.24029.3d0000 0004 0383 8386Department of Nuclear Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Dawnay
- grid.139534.90000 0001 0372 5777Department of Clinical Biochemistry, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Adeyeye
- grid.420545.20000 0004 0489 3985Department of Cardiovascular Medicine/Diabetes, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandro Prete
- grid.6572.60000 0004 1936 7486Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Angela E. Taylor
- grid.6572.60000 0004 1936 7486Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Wiebke Arlt
- grid.6572.60000 0004 1936 7486Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom ,grid.412563.70000 0004 0376 6589NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Anish N. Bhuva
- grid.139534.90000 0001 0372 5777Department of Cardiology, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Franklin Aigbirhio
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Manisty
- grid.139534.90000 0001 0372 5777Department of Cardiology, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alasdair McIntosh
- grid.8756.c0000 0001 2193 314XRobertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander McConnachie
- grid.8756.c0000 0001 2193 314XRobertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - J. Kennedy Cruickshank
- grid.420545.20000 0004 0489 3985Department of Cardiovascular Medicine/Diabetes, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom ,grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764School of Life Course/Nutritional Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Heok Cheow
- grid.24029.3d0000 0004 0383 8386Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Gurnell
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome–MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom ,grid.24029.3d0000 0004 0383 8386NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom ,grid.24029.3d0000 0004 0383 8386Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - William M. Drake
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom ,grid.139534.90000 0001 0372 5777Department of Endocrinology, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Morris J. Brown
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133Endocrine Hypertension, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom ,grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom ,grid.139534.90000 0001 0372 5777Department of Endocrinology, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
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6
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Zhang J, Hussein M, Kao SH, Clay T, Singhal N, Kim H, Cho E, Shim B, Lee Y, Lee GW, Zhao J, Yu Y, Sun M, Lin CB, Yang TY, Chang GC, Zheng H, Tan W, Spigel D. 148P AdvanTIG-105: Phase Ib dose-expansion study of ociperlimab (OCI) + tislelizumab (TIS) with chemotherapy in patients (pts) with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Immuno-Oncology and Technology 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2022.100260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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7
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Choy S, Paolino A, Kim B, Lim S, Seo J, Tan S, Tan W, Corbett M, Barker J, Lynch M, Smith C, Mahil S. 100 Deep learning image analyses in dermatology, beyond skin lesions: a systematic review. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.09.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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8
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Kwok KY, Tan W, Ong YS, Ng YQ, Celine TYL, Sng LH. To determine the correlation between the measured radial inclination on a Posteroanterior (PA) wrist radiograph and the degree of tube angulation required for Anatomic Tilt Lateral (ATL) wrist radiograph. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2022.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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9
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Frentzas S, Meniawy T, Kao SH, Coward J, Clay T, Singhal N, Black A, Xu W, Kumar R, Lee Y, Lee GW, Liao W, Zhong D, Shiah HS, Chen YM, Gao R, Wang R, Zheng H, Tan W, Cho E. 126P AdvanTIG-105: Phase Ib dose-expansion study of ociperlimab (OCI) + tislelizumab (TIS) in patients (pts) with checkpoint inhibitor (CPI)-experienced advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Immuno-Oncology and Technology 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2022.100238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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10
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Wang Y, Tan W. 7434 A Nomogram to Predict the Probability of Laparoendoscopic Single-Site Extracorporeal Cystectomy in Patients with Benign Ovarian Cysts. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2022.09.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Zhong MQ, Guo L, Xu JL, Lou JZ, Zhao XR, Tan W, Zheng W. [Invasions of trachea, esophagus and recurrent laryngeal nerve by parathyroid carcinoma: a case report]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2022; 57:1132-1134. [PMID: 36177572 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20220309-00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Q Zhong
- The 2nd Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - L Guo
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer(IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - J L Xu
- The 2nd Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - J Z Lou
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer(IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - X R Zhao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer(IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - W Tan
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer(IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Wen Zheng
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer(IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
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Yu Y, Huang D, Gao B, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhuang W, Kao S, Xu W, Yao Y, Yang TY, Lee Y, Kim JS, Shiah HS, Wang R, Zheng H, Tan W, Gao R, Kim H, Lu S. 1017P AdvanTIG-105: Phase Ib dose-expansion study of ociperlimab (OCI) + tislelizumab (TIS) with chemotherapy (chemo) in patients (pts) with metastatic squamous (sq) and non-squamous (non-sq) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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13
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Li J, Pu X, Zhang B, Zhang J, Mok T, Nakagawa K, Rosell R, Cheng Y, Zhou X, Migliorino M, Niho S, Lee K, Corral J, Pluzanski A, Li J, Linke R, Pan F, Tang Y, Tan W, Wu L. EP08.02-159 Post Hoc Analyses of Dacomitinib-Associated Skin Disorders and Efficacy in the ARCHER 1050 Study. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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14
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Chung YC, Yang YK, Sulaiman AH, Bergmans P, Tan W. Asian Subgroup Analysis of the REMISSIO Study: A Long-Term Efficacy and Safety Study of Paliperidone Palmitate 3-month Formulation in Patients with Stable Schizophrenia in a Naturalistic Clinical Setting. Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci 2022; 20:427-439. [PMID: 35879027 PMCID: PMC9329113 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2022.20.3.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective Methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Chul Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Yen Kuang Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ahmad Hatim Sulaiman
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Paul Bergmans
- Biostatistics, Janssen-Cilag, Breda, The Netherlands
| | - Wilson Tan
- Regional Medical Affairs, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson and Johnson, Singapore, Singapore
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15
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Lahue C, Gural B, Alkhawaja A, Chapski D, Rosa-Garrido M, Wong E, Tan W, Ren S, Foo R, Vondriska TM, Wang Y, Rau C. Abstract GS112: An Epigenome-wide Association Study Paired With Cell-type-specific Data Identifies Key Regulators Of Heart Failure. Circ Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1161/res.131.suppl_1.gs112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Heart Failure (HF) is driven by the interactions of multiple genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors both within and between the cell types of the heart. Our lab uses the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel (HMDP), a large cohort of inbred mouse strains, to perform systems genetics analyses of isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy and failure by leveraging the benefits of a curated model organism population to identify key drivers of phenotype. We are now expanding this study into the DNA methylome, which has been convincingly linked to cardiac-associated phenotypic changes in prior studies.
Methods and Results:
Using Reduced Representational Bisulfite Sequencing, we profiled left ventricular tissue samples from 88 HMDP strains subjected to isoproterenol challenge (30 mg/kg/day for 21 days) and matched control animals. We identified nearly 170,000 CpGs whose methylation status varies across the HMDP and 179 significant associations (FDR of 5%) between CpG methylation and phenotypic variation using the epigenome-wide association study algorithm MACAU, including 37 associations linking CpG methylation in unchallenged hearts to 19 post-challenge phenotypes. To identify high-confidence candidate genes, we combined our loci with data from the Wellcome Trust Mouse Genomes Resource, transcriptomic and metabolomic data from the HMDP, Hi-C data, and cell-type-specific gene expression and methylation data from healthy and failing mouse hearts. We are systematically querying the resulting 78 candidates using
in silico
and
in vitro
approaches. These genes include
Mospd3
, which is associated with right ventricular hypertrophy and whose knockdown
in vitro
results in reduced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and changes to hypertrophy-related gene expression. Also observed were
Atp9a
, whose expression levels are associated with significant global DNA methylation changes between control and ISO-treated animals and whose knockdown likewise causes a reduction in observed cellular hypertrophy, and
Mdga1
, whose promoter methylation status is linked to changes in 5% of expressed genes of the heart during heart failure. Further analysis and
in vivo
study of these loci will further our understanding of the role of DNA methylation in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Eleanor Wong
- National Univ of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Roger Foo
- Cardiovascular Rsch Institute, Singapore
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16
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Zhang Y, Alshaikhi J, Amos R, Tan W, Royle G, Bär E. MO-0795 Systematic progression changes can assist robust IMPT plan selection for head and neck patients. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)02431-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Lu LM, Ni XH, Ni JP, Tan W, Zhu XY, Yin S, Wu JS, Xu FC, Zhao QM. Clinical effect of unilateral balloon infusion of low dose bone cement in PKP for osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures in the elderly. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:3642-3647. [PMID: 35647845 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202205_28859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study was undertaken to determine the clinical effectiveness of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) with unilateral balloon infusion of low dose of bone cement for treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) in the elderly. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective study was carried out. A total of 36 patients with OVCFs treated by PKP from August 2019 and August 2020 were included. Patients were divided into two groups according to the amount of bone cement infused into the vertebral body. The amount of cement in conventional-dose group was 3.5-6.0 mL and the amount of cement in small-dose group was 1.8-3.0 mL. Pain relief before and after the operation were evaluated, and the leakage of bone cement in the two groups was also observed. RESULTS Two groups of patients have obtained a good clinical efficacy. Pain has significant differences before and after the operation (p < 0.05). More importantly, compared with conventional-dose group, small-dose group has lower bone cement leakage rate (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS PKP with small-dose bone cement infusion can obtain the same clinical effects of conventional-dose, but the incidence of bone cement leakage is lower and safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- L-M Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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18
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Broadhurst C, Thompson K, Tan W. 747 THE DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF HYPERKALAEMIA IN MEDICAL AND ELDERLY CARE INPATIENTS AT A DISTRICT GENERAL HOSPITAL. Age Ageing 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac034.747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Severe hyperkalaemia is a dangerous and potentially life-threatening condition. Despite this knowledge, the incidence of hyperkalaemia in hospital inpatients remains high. On review of the acute management of hyperkalaemia at Croydon University Hospital, only 50% of medical and elderly care inpatients were managed correctly in line with hospital guidelines, and 50% of surveyed doctors did not feel confident managing acute hyperkalaemia—highlighting an urgent requirement for improvement. The project objectives were to improve management in line with hospital guidelines, overall prescription accuracy and the confidence of junior doctors in managing acute hyperkalaemia.
Methods
Two PDSA cycles; cycle one involved teaching sessions to doctors and the creation and circulation of information posters. Cycle two involved the development and implementation of a new electronic order prescription set for the management of acute hyperkalaemia.
Results
Post-intervention results showed an improvement in the correct management of hyperkalaemia from 50% to 80%. Prescription accuracy improved from 90% to 100%. Doctors reported an improvement in their overall confidence from 50% to 64%. Sub-group analysis identified no post-intervention improvement in the correct management of hyperkalaemia in care of the elderly (COTE, >80 years) patients. COTE patients were also less likely to be managed correctly (45% vs 57%) and to have accurate prescriptions (71% vs 100%). However, prescription accuracy did improve in the COTE group (50% to 100%).
Conclusion
This project achieved its initial objectives. However, COTE patients were less likely to be managed correctly. This may be secondary to being more complex patients, having multiple co-morbidities or significant polypharmacy, which may further contribute to hyperkalaemia. Doctors may feel less confident suspending or modifying medications in these cases and seek input from specialist teams prior to doing so. Future interventions will focus on delivering teaching sessions on hyperkalaemia in complex cases to improve confidence and understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - W Tan
- Croydon University Hospital
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19
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Tan W, Nelson J. From FOS fusions to somatic mutations in the MAPK pathway, heterogeneous genetic abnormalities cause distinct pathophysiology among subsets of epithelioid haemangiomas. Br J Dermatol 2022; 186:393-394. [PMID: 35230703 PMCID: PMC9216181 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Tan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - J.S. Nelson
- Department of Surgery, Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92612, USA
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Abstract
ABSTRACT Structural and functional alterations in the microcirculation by systemic hypertension can cause significant organ damage at the eye, heart, brain, and kidneys. As the retina is the only tissue in the body that allows direct imaging of small vessels, the relationship of hypertensive retinopathy signs with development of disease states in other organs have been extensively studied; large-scale epidemiological studies using fundus photography and advanced semi-automated analysis software have reported the association of retinopathy signs with hypertensive end-organ damage includes the following: stroke, dementia, and coronary heart disease. Although yielding much useful information, the vessels assessed from fundus photographs remain limited to the larger retinal arterioles and venules, and abnormalities observed may not be that of the earliest changes. Newer imaging modalities such as optical coherence tomography angiography and adaptive optics technology, which allow a greater precision in the structural quantification of retinal vessels, including capillaries, may facilitate the assessment and management of these patients. The advent of deep learning technology has also augmented the utility of fundus photographs to help create diagnostic and risk stratification systems. Particularly, deep learning systems have been shown in several large studies to be able to predict multiple cardiovascular risk factors, major adverse cardiovascular events within 5 years, and presence of coronary artery calcium, from fundus photographs alone. In the future, combining deep learning systems with the imaging precision offered by optical coherence tomography angiography and adaptive optics could pave way for systems that are able to predict adverse clinical outcomes even more accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Tan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Xinwen Yao
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- SERI-NTU Advanced Ocular Engineering (STANCE), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thu-Thao Le
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
| | - Bingyao Tan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- SERI-NTU Advanced Ocular Engineering (STANCE), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Leopold Schmetterer
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- SERI-NTU Advanced Ocular Engineering (STANCE), Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jacqueline Chua
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
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Jeon HJ, Ju PC, Sulaiman AH, Aziz SA, Paik JW, Tan W, Bai D, Li CT. Long-term Safety and Efficacy of Esketamine Nasal Spray Plus an Oral Antidepressant in Patients with Treatment-resistant Depression- an Asian Sub-group Analysis from the SUSTAIN-2 Study. Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci 2022; 20:70-86. [PMID: 35078950 PMCID: PMC8813327 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2022.20.1.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of intranasal esketamine in patients with treatment-resistant depression from the Asian subgroup of the SUSTAIN-2 study. Methods SUSTAIN-2 was a phase 3, open-label, single-arm, multicenter study comprising a 4-week screening, 4-week induction, 48-week optimization/maintenance, and 4-week follow-up (upon esketamine discontinuation) phase. Patients with treatment-resistant depression received esketamine plus an oral antidepressant during the treatment period. Results The incidence of ≥ 1 serious treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE) among the 78 subjects from the Asian subgroup (Taiwan 33, Korea 26, Malaysia 19) was 11.5% (n = 9); with no fatal TEAE. 13 Asian patients (16.7%) discontinued esketamine due to TEAEs. The most common TEAEs were dizziness (37.2%), nausea (29.5%), dissociation (28.2%), and headache (21.8%). Most TEAEs were mild to moderate in severity, transient and resolved on the same day. Upon discontinuation of esketamine, no trend in withdrawal symptoms was observed to associate long-term use of esketamine with withdrawal syndrome. There were no reports of drug seeking, abuse, or overdose. Improvements in symptoms, functioning and quality of life, occurred during in the induction phase and were generally maintained through the optimization/maintenance phases of the study. Conclusion The safety and efficacy of esketamine in the Asian subgroup was generally consistent with the total SUSTAIN-2 population. There was no new safety signal and no indication of a high potential for abuse with the long-term (up to one year) use of esketamine in the Asian subgroup. Most of the benefits of esketamine occurred early during the induction phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jin Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Korea Psychological Autopsy Center (KPAC), Seoul, Korea.,Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Seoul, Korea
| | - Po-Chung Ju
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ahmad Hatim Sulaiman
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Salina Abdul Aziz
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jong-Woo Paik
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wilson Tan
- Regional Medical Affairs, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson and Johnson, Singapore
| | - Daisy Bai
- Statistics & Decision Sciences, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Ta Li
- Division of Community & Rehabilitation Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Functional Neuroimaging and Brain Stimulation Lab, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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22
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Tan W, Yao X, Le TT, Tan ACS, Cheung CY, Chin CWL, Schmetterer L, Chua J. The Application of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Systemic Hypertension: A Meta-Analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:778330. [PMID: 34859021 PMCID: PMC8630630 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.778330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Multiple studies have compared various optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters in participants with systemic hypertension vs. controls and have presented discordant findings. We conducted a meta-analysis to pool together data from different studies to generate an overall effect size and find out whether OCTA parameter(s) significantly differed in participants with systemic hypertension as compared to controls. Methods: We conducted a literature search through a search of electronic databases to identify studies before 19 June 2021, which compared OCTA parameters in non-diabetic participants with systemic hypertension vs. controls. If the OCTA parameter had a minimum number of 3 studies that analyzed it, the mean difference between participants with systemic hypertension and controls were analyzed using a random-effects model. Results: We identified 11 eligible studies. At the macula, 9 studies analyzed vessel density at the superficial capillary plexus (SVD), 7 analyzed vessel density at the deep capillary plexus (DVD), and 6 analyzed the area of the superficial foveal avascular zone (FAZ). Participants with systemic hypertension had significantly lower SVD (standardized mean difference [SMD], -0.50 [-0.70, -0.30], P < 0.00001, I 2 = 63%), lower DVD (SMD, -0.38 [-0.64, -0.13], P = 0.004, I 2 = 67%) and larger superficial FAZ (SMD, 0.32 [0.04, 0.61], P = 0.020, I 2 = 77%). Conclusion: The eyes of people with systemic hypertension have robustly lower superficial and deep vascular densities at the macula when compared to control eyes. Our results suggest that OCTA can provide information about pre-clinical microvascular changes from systemic hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Tan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xinwen Yao
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,SERI-NTU Advanced Ocular Engineering (STANCE), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thu-Thao Le
- National Heart Centre Singapore, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anna C S Tan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Carol Y Cheung
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Calvin Woon Loong Chin
- National Heart Centre Singapore, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Leopold Schmetterer
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,SERI-NTU Advanced Ocular Engineering (STANCE), Singapore, Singapore.,Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jacqueline Chua
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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Zhang Y, Alshaikhi J, Amos R, Tan W, Royle G, Baer E. First Application of Predictive Model to Assist Adaptive Proton Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.1511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zhang Y, Alshaikhi J, Amos R, Tan W, Royle G, Baer E. Small Non-Rigid Variations Can Assist Robust IMPT Plan Selection for Head and Neck Patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Loo SY, Toh LP, Xie WH, Pathak E, Tan W, Ma S, Lee MY, Shatishwaran S, Yeo JZZ, Yuan J, Ho YY, Peh EKL, Muniandy M, Torta F, Chan J, Tan TJ, Sim Y, Tan V, Tan B, Madhukumar P, Yong WS, Ong KW, Wong CY, Tan PH, Yap YS, Deng LW, Dent R, Foo R, Wenk MR, Lee SC, Ho YS, Lim EH, Tam WL. Fatty acid oxidation is a druggable gateway regulating cellular plasticity for driving metastasis in breast cancer. Sci Adv 2021; 7:eabh2443. [PMID: 34613780 PMCID: PMC8494440 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abh2443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cell state transitions control the functional behavior of cancer cells. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) confers cancer stem cell-like properties, enhanced tumorigenicity and drug resistance to tumor cells, while mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) reverses these phenotypes. Using high-throughput chemical library screens, retinoids are found to be potent promoters of MET that inhibit tumorigenicity in basal-like breast cancer. Cell state transitions are defined by reprogramming of lipid metabolism. Retinoids bind cognate nuclear receptors, which target lipid metabolism genes, thereby redirecting fatty acids for β-oxidation in the mesenchymal cell state towards lipid storage in the epithelial cell state. Disruptions of key metabolic enzymes mediating this flux inhibit MET. Conversely, perturbations to fatty acid oxidation (FAO) rechannel fatty acid flux and promote a more epithelial cell phenotype, blocking EMT-driven breast cancer metastasis in animal models. FAO impinges on the epigenetic control of EMT through acetyl-CoA-dependent regulation of histone acetylation on EMT genes, thus determining cell states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ser Yue Loo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Li Ping Toh
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - William Haowei Xie
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Elina Pathak
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Wilson Tan
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Siming Ma
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - May Yin Lee
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - S. Shatishwaran
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Joanna Zhen Zhen Yeo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Ju Yuan
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Yin Ying Ho
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138668, Singapore
| | - Esther Kai Lay Peh
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138668, Singapore
| | - Magendran Muniandy
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Federico Torta
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- Precision Medicine Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Jack Chan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Tira J. Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Yirong Sim
- Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Veronique Tan
- Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Benita Tan
- Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Preetha Madhukumar
- Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Wei Sean Yong
- Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Kong Wee Ong
- Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Chow Yin Wong
- Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Puay Hoon Tan
- Division of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, 20 College Rd., Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Yoon Sim Yap
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Lih-Wen Deng
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Rebecca Dent
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Roger Foo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Markus R. Wenk
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- Precision Medicine Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Soo Chin Lee
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119074, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Ying Swan Ho
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138668, Singapore
| | - Elaine Hsuen Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Corresponding author. (E.H.L.); (W.L.T.)
| | - Wai Leong Tam
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Corresponding author. (E.H.L.); (W.L.T.)
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Tan A, Lai G, Saw S, Chua K, Takano A, Ong B, Koh T, Jain A, Tan W, Ng Q, Kanesvaran R, Rajasekaran T, Kalshnikova E, Shchegrova S, H. -Ta, Lin J, Renner D, Sethi H, Zimmermann B, Aleshin A, Lim W, Tan E, Skanderup A, Ang M, Tan D. MA07.06 Circulating Tumor DNA for Monitoring Minimal Residual Disease and Early Detection of Recurrence in Early Stage Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lim CK, Efthymios M, Tan W, Autio MI, Tiang Z, Li PY, Foo RSY. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) enhances direct cardiac reprogramming by inhibiting the bromodomain of coactivators CBP/p300. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 160:15-26. [PMID: 34146546 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Direct cardiac reprogramming represents an attractive way to reversing heart damage caused by myocardial infarction because it removes fibroblasts, while also generating new functional cardiomyocytes. Yet, the main hurdle for bringing this technique to the clinic is the lack of efficacy with current reprogramming protocols. Here, we describe our unexpected discovery that DMSO is capable of significantly augmenting direct cardiac reprogramming in vitro. METHODS AND RESULTS Upon induction with cardiac transcription factors- Gata4, Hand2, Mef2c and Tbx5 (GHMT), the treatment of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) with 1% DMSO induced ~5 fold increase in Myh6-mCherry+ cells, and significantly upregulated global expression of cardiac genes, including Myh6, Ttn, Nppa, Myh7 and Ryr2. RNA-seq confirmed upregulation of cardiac gene programmes and downregulation of extracellular matrix-related genes. Treatment of TGF-β1, DMSO, or SB431542, and the combination thereof, revealed that DMSO most likely targets a separate but parallel pathway other than TGF-β signalling. Subsequent experiments using small molecule screening revealed that DMSO enhances direct cardiac reprogramming through inhibition of the CBP/p300 bromodomain, and not its acetyltransferase property. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our work points to a direct molecular target of DMSO, which can be used for augmenting GHMT-induced direct cardiac reprogramming and possibly other cell fate conversion processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choon Kiat Lim
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Singapore; NUS Graduate School of Integrative Sciences and Engineering (NGS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Motakis Efthymios
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Wilson Tan
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Matias Ilmari Autio
- Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Zenia Tiang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Peter Yiqing Li
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Roger Sik Yin Foo
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Singapore.
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Xu L, Wang L, LV C, Tan W. POS0879 CLINICAL FEATURES, PROGNOSTIC FACTORS, AND OUTCOME OF ANTI-MDA5 POSITIVE DERMATOMYOSITIS WITH RAPIDLY PROGRESSIVE INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE: A MULTICENTER STUDY OF 238 PATIENTS. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.3401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 positive dermatomyositis (anti-MDA5+ DM) is typically amyopathic and associated with a life-threatening, therapy-resistant, rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD).Objectives:The present study aims to characterize the prognostic factors and long-term outcome of MDA5+ DM -associated RP-ILD.Methods:A multicenter retrospective study was performed across ten tertiary hospitals in China between January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019.Results:A total of 238 patients (170 women) with MDA5+ DM enrolled into this retrospective clinical study. The mean age was 53.0 ± 12.2 years. The median follow-up duration was 6.3 ± 12.2 months. Of those 238 anti-MDA5+ patients, ILD is commonly observed in 213 patients, and RP-ILD occurred in 35.29% (84/213) of these patients (RP-ILD defined as progressive dyspnea occurs within 1 month after the onset of respiratory symptoms, and chest radiography or pulmonary function test show progressive interstitial abnormalities). The mortality rate of RP-ILD patients within the 6 months was 58.3% (49/84) in our cohort. Death peaked the first three months after diagnosis, occupying 84.8% (39/46) of died RP-ILD patients. Cox univariate proportional hazard analysis showed that age, gender, disease duration, abnormal laboratory features (LDH, CK, ESR and CRP), anti-Ro52 autoantibody and anti-MDA5 grade were related to the risk of occurrence of RP-ILD in patients with MDA5+ DM. The Cox proportional hazards model identified the disease duration [odds ratio (OR) 0.81 (95% CI 0.68, 0.96), P=0.016] as a protective factor, and anti-Ro52 autoantibody [OR 5.82 (95% CI 1.72, 19.73), P=0.005] as independent risk factors for the occurrence of RP-ILD in MDA5+ DM patients. The 6-month all-cause mortality rate of RP-ILD patients was 58.3% (49/84).Conclusion:Combined with anti-Ro52 in Myositis-specific antibodies was associated with the occurrence and long-term mortality in MDA5+ DM -associated RP-ILD patients. The results suggest poor overall survival among patients with MDA5+ DM -associated RP-ILD. Survival during the first 6 months is crucial for long-term survival. Early recognition and prompt treatment of this high-risk group of MDA5+ DM -associated RP-ILD patients are therefore important.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Lin S, Gu X, Wang F, Tan W. POS0002 PI16 REPRESSES FOXP3 EXPRESSION IN T REGULATORY CELLS AND EXACERBATES AUTOIMMUNE ARTHRITIS VIA INHIBITING THE K48-LINKED POLYUBIQUITIN DEGRADATION OF BMI-1. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an essential role in maintaining self-tolerance and immune homeostasis. Abnormalities in the quantity or function of Treg cells are believed in RA patients, contributing to the inability to suppress autoimmunity and proinflammatory cytokines. Forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) is a crucial transcription factor for the development and differentiation of Tregs. How Tregs lose Foxp3 expression under inflammatory milieu remains largely unknown. Peptidase inhibitor 16 (PI16) is a member of the CAP (Cysteine-rich secretory proteins, Antigen 5, and Pathogenesis-related 1) protein family and its function are largely poor understood. In a genome-wide expression profiling study for identifying human Foxp3 target genes revealed PI16 was expressed on the cell surface of >80% of resting human CD25+ Foxp3+ Tregs. In the inflamed joint of juvenile idiopathic arthritis revealed a low number of PI16+ Tregs but high number of Th17 cells. However, little is known the function role of PI16 on Tregs or on RA development.Objectives:To investigate the role of peptidase inhibitor 16 (PI16) on the key T regulatory (Tregs) cells transcription factor Foxp3 expression and on the development of autoimmune arthritis.Methods:The expression of PI16 in blood, synovial fluid, inflamed joints were examined in Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and in arthritic mice. Arthritis symptom, histological features and Foxp3 expression in PI16 transgenic (PI16Tg) arthritic mice were examined. Posttranslational mechanisms on PI16-mediated Foxp3 expression were analyzed. The specific role PI16 on Foxp3 expression was validated in conditional knockout (KO) mice.Results:The expression of PI16 was significantly increased in PBMC, serum, synovial tissue from RA patients or arthritic mice compared with controls. PI16Tg arthritic mice exhibited obvious inflammation, synovial hyperplasia and articular cartilage destruction in the joints compared with those in wild-type mice (WT) arthritic mice.Foxp3 is downregulated in splenic T cells and synovial tissue from PI16Tg arthritic mice. Naïve T cells derived from PI16Tg arthritic mice showed the decreased capacity to differentiate into Tregs. Polycomb-group (PcG) proteins complex molecule of Bmi-1 was significant increase in Tregs and joint tissue from PI16Tg arthritic mice. A direct interaction between 1-95AA domains of PI16 and 169 and 436 domains of Bmi-1 in Tregs promoter was observed. The binding of PI16 with Bmi-1 in the Foxp3 promoter inhibit the K48-linked polyubiquitin degradation of Bmi-1 at lysine site 72 and 153 region, which prompts the repressive histone modification of H3K27me3 and H2AK119ub, and inhibits the active histone modification of H3K4me3. Furthermore, conditional knockout of PI16 in Tregs retarded Foxp3 loss and blunted disease progression in experimental arthritis.Conclusion:PI16 represses Foxp3 expression by mediating histone modification via inhibiting K48-linked polyubiquitin degradation of Bmi-1 in Foxp3 promoter, contributing to disease progression in arthritic mice.Disclosure of Interests:None declared.
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Wang L, Tan W, Wang F, Zhang M. POS0398 ADIPONECTIN INDUCES SYNOVIAL ANGIOGENESIS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS THROUGH METABOLIC REMODELING. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.3585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Our team have previously reported that Adiponectin correlates well with synovial inflammation and progressive bone erosion in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Angiogenesis is another important part, which plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of RA.Objectives:We hypothesized that adiponectin induces synovial angiogenesis in RA.Methods:Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) was used to screen cellular changes in local knee joint of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) after intraarticularly injected of adiponectin. Chimera models of synovium-cartilage-NOD/SCID mice, matrigel plug assay and rat aortic ring assay were performed to demonstrate the pro-angiogenesis role of adiponectin. Cellular experiment, including proliferation, migration, apoptosis, tube formation and angiogenesis related gene expression profile, were detected with Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) and Mice Lung Microvessel Endothelial Cell (MLMEC) after adiponectin stimulation. Seahorse was performed to clear the influence of adiponectin to cell metabolism.Results:The synovium and pannus hyperplasia worse in CIA model after intraarticularly injected of adiponectin, along with more serious synovitis and bone erosion. ScRNA-Seq of synovial tissues separated from CIA reminded that endothelial cell barbarically grows via metabolic remodeling after stimulated with adiponectin. Synovial chimera, matrigel plug and rat aortic ring shows adiponectin accelerates angiogenesis significantly in different background conditions. In vitro, endothelial cell proliferation detecting by RCTA and CCK8, migration by wound healing and transwell, apoptosis by FACS, tube formation and angiogenesis related gene expression profile by PCR-ARRAY were promoted by adiponectin in both HUVEC and MLMEC. Seahorse showed HUVEC made more use of glycolysis after co-cultured with adiponectin, a method of cell energy supply that tumor cells possess called warburg effect, that drives endothelial cell hyperplasia in severe environment.Conclusion:As a classic metabolic regulator, adiponectin exacerbates CIA by promoting angiogenesis through metabolic remodeling. The findings not only provide a novel insight into the pathogenic role of adiponectin, but also reveals a potential therapeutical strategy to attenuate revascularization in RA.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Wang L, Lv C, Yuan F, Li J, Wu M, Da Z, Wei H, Zhou L, Yin S, Wu J, Tan W. POS0320 POOR PROGNOSIS PREDICTION IN ANTI-MDA5 POSITIVE DERMATOMYOSITIS ASSOCIATED WITH INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE: THE CROSS-CAR DECISION TREE MODEL. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.3514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:The prognosis of anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 positive dermatomyositis (anti-MDA5+ DM) – associated interstitial lung disease (ILD) is poor and heterogeneity.Objectives:The aim of this study was to evaluate prognostic factors and to develop a simple and generally applicable bedside decision tree model for predicting outcomes in patients with anti-MDA5+ DM and to guide treatment.Methods:We analyzed data for 246 anti-MDA5+ DM patients from Myositis Study Group-Jiangsu, a multicenter cohort across eighteen tertiary hospitals in Jiangsu province, from March 2019 to October 2020. The primary end point was all-cause death, and the secondary end point was occurring of rapidly progressive-ILD (rp-ILD). We used a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model to identify the independent prognostic risk factors of death and rp-ILD respectively. A decision-tree prediction model was developed by using data from 10 hospital of southern region (n=163), with validation by using contemporaneous data from northern region (n=83).Results:To assess the risk of rp-ILD, we developed a combined risk score, the CROSS score, that included the following values and scores: C-reactive protein (≤8mg/L, 0; >8mg/L, 3), anti-Ro52 antibody (negative, 0; positive, 4), Sex (Female, 0; Male, 2) and Short course of disease (More than 3 months, 0; Less than 3 months, 2). The mortality risk was identified by the CAR score, including C-reactive protein (≤8mg/L, 0; >8mg/L, 1), Alanine Transaminase (≤50units/L, 0; >50units/L, 1) and rp-ILD (non-rpILD, 0; rp-ILD, 3). We divided patients into three risk groups according to the CROSS score: low, 0 to 3; medium, 4 to 7; and high 8-11. And then Use of a simple decision tree prediction model permitted stratification into three different outcome prediction groups. High-risk patients had significantly higher mortality rates than low- and medium-risk patients in both discovery and validation cohorts (p < 0.0001).Conclusion:The CROSS-CAR decision tree model is easy to evaluate the poor prognostic risk in MDA5+ DM patients during any follow-up period. Unnecessary lung examination, such as chest CT scan and arterial blood gas analysis was avoided in low- and medium- rpILD risk patients. The special ambulance, with red cross sign tagged on car in China, may help to screen the high risk patients and to guide further treatment.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Tan W, Chua B, Yin D, Tan S, Tan D, Ang M, Kanesvaran R, Jain A, Rajasekaran T, Lai G, Toh C, Tan E, Ng Q, Lim W. P76.46 First-Line Osimertinib in Asian Patients with Advanced EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.1103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Zhou C, Jiang L, Dong X, Gu K, Pan Y, Shi Q, Zhang G, Wang H, Zhang X, Yang N, Li Y, Xiong J, Yi T, Peng M, Song Y, Fan Y, Cui J, Chen G, Tan W, Zang A, Guo Q, Zhao G, Wang Z, He J, Yao W, Wu X, Chen K, Hu X, Hu C, Yue L, Jiang D, Wang G, Liu J, Yu G. MA01.04 A Randomized Study Comparing Cisplatin/Paclitaxel Liposome vs Cisplatin/Gemcitabine in Chemonaive, Advanced Squamous NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Tan A, Lai G, Tan G, Seet A, Takano A, Alvarez J, Skanderup A, Tan W, Ang M, Kanesvaran R, Ng Q, Jain A, Rajasekaran T, Lim W, Tan E, Lim K, Tan D. FP14.13 Molecular Characterisation and Clinical Outcomes in RET Rearranged Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Tan A, Ong B, Koh T, Chen J, Oo H, Lai G, Tan W, Ang M, Kanesvaran R, Ng Q, Jain A, Rajasekaran T, Zhai W, Skanderup A, Lim K, Tan E, Lim W, Tan D, Takano A. P38.03 Immunohistochemical, Histologic and Genomic Characterisation of Early Stage Pulmonary Invasive Mucinous Adenocarcinoma. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Fostvedt L, Nickens D, Tan W. P76.44 Application of Longitudinal Exposure-Response Modelling to Support Dacomitinib Starting Dose in Patients with EGFR Mutation-Positive NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.1101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ma J, Tan S, Yin D, Tran A, Tan D, Ang M, Takano A, Lim K, Kanesvaran R, Jain A, Rajasekaran T, Tan E, Lim D, Ng Q, Tan W. P76.88 Real-World Data of Osimertinib in Patients with Metastatic EGFRm+ NSCLC who Progressed on First-Line EGFR TKIs. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.1145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lai G, Alvarez J, Yeo J, Sim N, Tan A, Zhou S, Suteja L, Lim T, Rohatgi N, Yeong J, Takano A, Lim K, Gogna A, Too C, Zhuang K, Jain A, Tan W, Kanesvaran R, Ng Q, Ang M, Rajasekaran T, Wang L, Toh C, Lim W, Tam W, Ginhoux F, Tan S, Skanderup A, Tan D, Tan E. OA01.06 Randomised Phase 2 Study of Nivolumab (N) Versus Nivolumab and Ipilimumab (NI) Combination in EGFR Mutant NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Saw S, Lai G, Zhou S, Chen J, Ang M, Chua K, Kanesvaran R, Ng Q, Jain A, Tan W, Rajasekaran T, Lim D, Fong K, Takano A, Cheng X, Lim K, Koh T, Ong B, Tan E, Skanderup A, Tan D. OA06.05 Molecular and Clinical Features Associated with Relapse in Early Stage EGFR-Mutated NSCLC: A Single Institution Knowledge Bank. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Tan A, Chua K, Teng Y, Takano A, Alvarez J, Nahar R, Rohatgi N, Lai G, Aung Z, Yeong J, Lim K, Naeini M, Kassam I, Jain A, Tan W, Gogna A, Too C, Kanesvaran R, Ng Q, Ang M, Rajasekaran T, Devanand A, Phua G, Tan B, Lee Y, Wang L, Teo A, Khng A, Lim M, Suteja L, Toh C, Lim W, Iyer N, Tam W, Tan E, Zhai W, Hillmer A, Skanderup A, Tan D. MA13.08 Genomic and Transcriptomic Features of Distinct Resistance Trajectories in EGFR Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Lancini D, Guppy-Coles K, Tan W, Boots R, Atherton J, Prasad S, Martin P. Long-term Atrial Fibrillation Diagnoses Following Critical Illness—associated New Onset Atrial Fibrillation. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.06.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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42
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Thomas KS, Batchelor JM, Akram P, Chalmers JR, Haines RH, Meakin GD, Duley L, Ravenscroft JC, Rogers A, Sach TH, Santer M, Tan W, White J, Whitton ME, Williams HC, Cheung ST, Hamad H, Wright A, Ingram JR, Levell NJ, Goulding JMR, Makrygeorgou A, Bewley A, Ogboli M, Stainforth J, Ferguson A, Laguda B, Wahie S, Ellis R, Azad J, Rajasekaran A, Eleftheriadou V, Montgomery AA. Randomized controlled trial of topical corticosteroid and home-based narrowband ultraviolet B for active and limited vitiligo: results of the HI-Light Vitiligo Trial. Br J Dermatol 2020; 184:828-839. [PMID: 33006767 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence for the effectiveness of vitiligo treatments is limited. OBJECTIVES To determine the effectiveness of (i) handheld narrowband UVB (NB-UVB) and (ii) a combination of potent topical corticosteroid (TCS) and NB-UVB, compared with TCS alone, for localized vitiligo. METHODS A pragmatic, three-arm, placebo-controlled randomized controlled trial (9-month treatment, 12-month follow-up). Adults and children, recruited from secondary care and the community, aged ≥ 5 years and with active vitiligo affecting < 10% of skin, were randomized 1 : 1 : 1 to receive TCS (mometasone furoate 0·1% ointment + dummy NB-UVB), NB-UVB (NB-UVB + placebo TCS) or a combination (TCS + NB-UVB). TCS was applied once daily on alternating weeks; NB-UVB was administered on alternate days in escalating doses, adjusted for erythema. The primary outcome was treatment success at 9 months at a target patch assessed using the participant-reported Vitiligo Noticeability Scale, with multiple imputation for missing data. The trial was registered with number ISRCTN17160087 on 8 January 2015. RESULTS In total 517 participants were randomized to TCS (n = 173), NB-UVB (n = 169) and combination (n = 175). Primary outcome data were available for 370 (72%) participants. The proportions with target patch treatment success were 17% (TCS), 22% (NB-UVB) and 27% (combination). Combination treatment was superior to TCS: adjusted between-group difference 10·9% (95% confidence interval 1·0%-20·9%; P = 0·032; number needed to treat = 10). NB-UVB alone was not superior to TCS: adjusted between-group difference 5·2% (95% CI - 4·4% to 14·9%; P = 0·29; number needed to treat = 19). Participants using interventions with ≥ 75% expected adherence were more likely to achieve treatment success, but the effects were lost once treatment stopped. Localized grade 3 or 4 erythema was reported in 62 (12%) participants (including three with dummy light). Skin thinning was reported in 13 (2·5%) participants (including one with placebo ointment). CONCLUSIONS Combination treatment with home-based handheld NB-UVB plus TCS is likely to be superior to TCS alone for treatment of localized vitiligo. Combination treatment was relatively safe and well tolerated but was successful in only around one-quarter of participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Thomas
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - J M Batchelor
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - P Akram
- Department of Medical Physics and Clinical Engineering, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - J R Chalmers
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - R H Haines
- Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - G D Meakin
- Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - L Duley
- Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - J C Ravenscroft
- Department of Paediatric Dermatology, Nottingham Children's Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - A Rogers
- Department of Medical Physics and Clinical Engineering, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - T H Sach
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - M Santer
- Primary Care and Population Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - W Tan
- Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - J White
- Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - M E Whitton
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - H C Williams
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - S T Cheung
- Cannock Chase Hospital and New Cross Hospital, The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - H Hamad
- Cannock Chase Hospital and New Cross Hospital, The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - A Wright
- St Luke's Hospital, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - J R Ingram
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - N J Levell
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - J M R Goulding
- Solihull Hospital, University Hospitals of Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Makrygeorgou
- West Glasgow Ambulatory Care Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - A Bewley
- Barts Health NHS Trust and Queen Mary University London, London, UK
| | - M Ogboli
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - J Stainforth
- York Hospital, York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, York, UK
| | - A Ferguson
- Royal Derby Hospital and the London Road Community Hospital, University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, UK
| | - B Laguda
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - S Wahie
- University Hospital of North Durham, County Durham and Darlington NHS Foundation Trust, Durham, UK
| | - R Ellis
- The James Cook University Hospital, South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - J Azad
- The James Cook University Hospital, South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - A Rajasekaran
- Birmingham City Hospital, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - A A Montgomery
- Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Wang Z, Zhao J, Ma Z, Cui J, Shu Y, Liu Z, Cheng Y, Leaw S, Wu Y, Ma Y, Tan W, Wang J. 66P Tislelizumab plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment for lung cancer in Chinese patients. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.10.554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Sach TH, Thomas KS, Batchelor JM, Perways A, Chalmers JR, Haines RH, Meakin GD, Duley L, Ravenscroft JC, Rogers A, Santer M, Tan W, White J, Whitton ME, Williams HC, Cheung ST, Hamad H, Wright A, Ingram JR, Levell N, Goulding JMR, Makrygeorgou A, Bewley A, Ogboli M, Stainforth J, Ferguson A, Laguda B, Wahie S, Ellis R, Azad J, Rajasekaran A, Eleftheriadou V, Montgomery AA. An economic evaluation of the randomized controlled trial of topical corticosteroid and home-based narrowband ultraviolet B for active and limited vitiligo (the HI-Light Vitiligo Trial). Br J Dermatol 2020; 184:840-848. [PMID: 32920824 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Economic evidence for vitiligo treatments is absent. OBJECTIVES To determine the cost-effectiveness of (i) handheld narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) and (ii) a combination of topical corticosteroid (TCS) and NB-UVB compared with TCS alone for localized vitiligo. METHODS Cost-effectiveness analysis alongside a pragmatic, three-arm, placebo-controlled randomized controlled trial with 9 months' treatment. In total 517 adults and children (aged ≥ 5 years) with active vitiligo affecting < 10% of skin were recruited from secondary care and the community and were randomized 1: 1: 1 to receive TCS, NB-UVB or both. Cost per successful treatment (measured on the Vitiligo Noticeability Scale) was estimated. Secondary cost-utility analyses measured quality-adjusted life-years using the EuroQol 5 Dimensions 5 Levels for those aged ≥ 11 years and the Child Health Utility 9D for those aged 5 to < 18 years. The trial was registered with number ISRCTN17160087 on 8 January 2015. RESULTS The mean ± SD cost per participant was £775 ± 83·7 for NB-UVB, £813 ± 111.4 for combination treatment and £600 ± 96·2 for TCS. In analyses adjusted for age and target patch location, the incremental difference in cost for combination treatment compared with TCS was £211 (95% confidence interval 188-235), corresponding to a risk difference of 10·9% (number needed to treat = 9). The incremental cost was £1932 per successful treatment. The incremental difference in cost for NB-UVB compared with TCS was £173 (95% confidence interval 151-196), with a risk difference of 5·2% (number needed to treat = 19). The incremental cost was £3336 per successful treatment. CONCLUSIONS Combination treatment, compared with TCS alone, has a lower incremental cost per additional successful treatment than NB-UVB only. Combination treatment would be considered cost-effective if decision makers are willing to pay £1932 per additional treatment success.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Sach
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - K S Thomas
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - J M Batchelor
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - A Perways
- Department of Medical Physics and Clinical Engineering, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - J R Chalmers
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - R H Haines
- Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - G D Meakin
- Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - L Duley
- Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - J C Ravenscroft
- Department of Paediatric Dermatology, Nottingham Children's Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - A Rogers
- Department of Medical Physics and Clinical Engineering, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - M Santer
- Primary Care, Population Sciences & Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - W Tan
- Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - J White
- Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - M E Whitton
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - H C Williams
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - S T Cheung
- Cannock Chase Hospital and New Cross Hospital, The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - H Hamad
- Cannock Chase Hospital and New Cross Hospital, The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - A Wright
- St Luke's Hospital, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - J R Ingram
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - N Levell
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - J M R Goulding
- Solihull Hospital, University Hospitals of Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Makrygeorgou
- West Glasgow Ambulatory Care Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - A Bewley
- Whipps Cross Hospital and The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - M Ogboli
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - J Stainforth
- York Hospital, York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, York, UK
| | - A Ferguson
- Royal Derby Hospital and the London Road Community Hospital, University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, UK
| | - B Laguda
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - S Wahie
- University Hospital of North Durham, County Durham and Darlington NHS Foundation Trust, Durham, UK
| | - R Ellis
- The James Cook University Hospital, South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - J Azad
- The James Cook University Hospital, South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - A Rajasekaran
- Birmingham City Hospital, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - A A Montgomery
- Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Chan J, Zhang Z, Yang SH, Ong W, Tan V, Rajasekaran T, Tan W, Dent R, Wong F, Kanesvaran R, Tan T. 13P A retrospective observational study on neoadjuvant chemotherapy in older adults based on the Joint Breast Cancer Registry Singapore. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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46
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Kao HF, Ang MK, Ng Q, Tan D, Tan W, Rajasekaran T, Jain A, Liao BC, Tan S, Tan EH, Iyer N, Chua M, Hong RL, Lim DT. 266O Combination ipilimumab and nivolumab in recurrent/metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (R/M NPC): Updated efficacy and safety analysis of NCT03097939. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.10.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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47
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Jonsson Boezelman M, Dashi A, Tan W, Pan B, Ilmari A, Tiang Z, Hartman R, Anen C, Liu Z, Wu J, Bin G, Lim B, Walentinsson A, Foo R. VENTHEART is required for cardiomyocyte specification and function. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) control early stages of cardiac differentiation, however their role in later specification and maturation is still not well explored.
Methods and results
We performed single cell RNA-seq for 2, 6 and 12 week-old hESC-CM. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) identified core genes significantly upregulated, along with a subset of lncRNAs. Importantly, these lncRNAs are highly abundant and unique to human heart. Through independent integrative analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) data using human hearts, we also identified a long intergenic noncoding RNA (we call VENTHEART, VHRT) as co-regulated with core cardiac contractile genes, and strongly associated with heart failure. VHRT was highly expressed in MYL2+ hESC-CMs in our single cell dataset, and its locus is antisense and downstream of MYL2. VHRT knockdown (KD) in 6-weeks old hESC-CMs downregulated MYL2 and other key cardiac genes. Patch clamp recordings with VHRT KD cells showed a loss of the ventricular-like action potential. Concordantly, CRISPR-mediated excision of the VHRT locus led to impaired CM sarcomere formation, and loss of CM specification gene programs. VHRT transcript replacement in VHRT-KO cells was however insufficient to rescue the phenotype. Instead, we established by 3C assay, that the VHRT locus loops and interacts with the MYL2 promoter, bearing histone marks characteristic of a super-enhancer.
Conclusion
Thus, we conclude that both the VHRT lncRNA transcript and its genomic locus are required for proper CM specification and function, and may play a role in heart failure progression.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Other. Main funding source(s): EMBO, Singapore National Research Council
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Dashi
- National University of Singapore, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - W Tan
- National University of Singapore, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - B Pan
- National University of Singapore, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - A.M Ilmari
- National University of Singapore, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Z Tiang
- National University of Singapore, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - R.J.G Hartman
- National University of Singapore, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - C.G.O Anen
- National University of Singapore, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Z Liu
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - J.J Wu
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - G Bin
- AStar, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - B Lim
- Sana Biotechnology, Boston, United States of America
| | | | - R.S Foo
- National University of Singapore, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
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Fong Y, Tan H, Jiancheng H, Ng Q, Rajasekaran T, Chan J, Tan W, Lai G, Kanesvaran R. 201MO Real-world outcome of non-clear cell renal carcinoma patients: A single centre experience from Singapore. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.10.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Zhu HL, Zhao XW, Chen S, Tan W, Han RW, Qi YX, Huang DW, Yang YX. Evaluation of colostrum bioactive protein transfer and blood metabolic traits in neonatal lambs in the first 24 hours of life. J Dairy Sci 2020; 104:1164-1174. [PMID: 33131822 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Colostrum is a unique resource that contributes to the passive transfer of immunity and plays a central role in the health status of neonatal ruminants. However, digestion and absorption of colostral proteins in the gut remain incompletely understood. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of bovine colostrum feeding on blood metabolic traits and to quantify colostral bioactive proteins in the gastrointestinal digesta and blood to evaluate intestinal transfer in neonatal lambs in the first 24 h of life. Fifty-four newborn lambs were used in this study, including 27 lambs fed pooled bovine colostrum and slaughtered at 6 (C6h), 12 (C12h), or 24 h (C24h) after birth; 18 lambs not fed any colostrum or milk and slaughtered at birth (N0h) or 24 h (N24h) after birth; and 9 milk-fed lambs slaughtered at 24 h (M24h) after birth. Lambs receiving colostrum or milk were bottle-fed within the first 2 h to obtain intakes of 8% of body weight at birth. Samples of blood and digesta from the abomasum, jejunum, and ileum were collected after slaughter. Serum concentrations of glucose, insulin, total protein, and aspartate aminotransferase were higher in colostrum-fed lambs than in N0h lambs. Serum concentrations of insulin, total protein, insulin-like growth factor 1, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase were higher in C24h lambs than in N24h or M24h lambs. Apparent efficiencies of IgG absorption in C6h, C12h, and C24h lambs were 14.4, 26.8, and 17.2%, respectively, whereas apparent efficiencies of lactoferrin (LF), α-lactalbumin (α-LA), and β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) absorption were very low in colostrum-fed lambs, with mean values of 0.06, 0.002, and 0.003%, respectively. Concentrations of IgG, LF, α-LA, and β-LG in the digesta of the abomasum, jejunum, and ileum rapidly decreased from C6h to C24h lambs, and the disappearance rates of IgG, LF, α-LA, and β-LG were higher in lambs from C6h to C12h (62.1, 75.7, 91.3, and 95.0% for IgG, LF, α-LA, and β-LG, respectively) than from C12h to C24h (34.6, 22.5, 7.5, and 2.2% for IgG, LF, α-LA, and β-LG, respectively). These results indicated that bovine colostrum feeding improved the metabolic and immunological status of lambs, and that ingested colostral IgG was prone to intact uptake into the blood, whereas almost all ingested LF, α-LA, and β-LG disappeared in the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract in a time-dependent manner. The findings provide novel information for exploring selective absorption of colostral compounds in the small intestine of lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - X W Zhao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - S Chen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - W Tan
- Anhui Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hefei 230051, China
| | - R W Han
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Y X Qi
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - D W Huang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Y X Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.
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Rau CD, Romay M, Wong E, Tan W, Lusis AJ, Foo R, Wang Y. Abstract MP144: Identification of Epigenetic Regulators of Cardiac Hypertrophy by an Epigenome-wide Association Study in Mice. Circ Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1161/res.127.suppl_1.mp144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported a study of heart failure in a large cohort of inbred mouse strains, the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel (HMDP), treated with the beta-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol, which identified over 30 genome-wide significant loci for heart failure-related traits. Our approach combined systems-level tools with the benefits of a curated model organism population to identify genetic variations that drive heart failure.
We now expand this study into the epigenome. Recent research has demonstrated that DNA methylation affects the progression of cardiovascular phenotypes. This research suggests that DNA methylation may serve as an additional marker of genes involved in heart failure-associated phenotypes. Using Reduced Representational Bisulfite Sequencing, we profiled left ventricular tissue samples from 88 strains of the HMDP both before and after isoproterenol challenge (30 mg/kg/day for 21 days). We identified approximately 168,000 CpGs that vary across the panel and associated them with a set of phenotypes in both control and treated animals using the epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) algorithm MACAU. 179 significant associations were recovered at an FDR of 5%, including loci that associated pre-treatment CpG methylation with 19 different post-treatment phenotypes.
By combining these EWAS loci with information from the Wellcome Trust Mouse Genomes Resource and prior work done in the heart failure HMDP, we identify several high-confidence candidate genes, including
Coro1a
, a gene whose pre-treatment promoter methylation status predicts post-treatment wall thickening and
Eprs
, which predicts right ventricular weight post-treatment.
Mospd3
, a gene that was associated with right ventricular weight post-treatment in both EWAS and GWAS analyses was studied further using neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. This
in vitro
work demonstrates that
Mospd3
knockdown results in reduced cellular hypertrophy and changes to hypertrophy-related gene expression. Further analysis of the EWAS loci using
in vitro
and
in
vivo techniques will likely validate additional genes and elucidate how DNA methylation acts to regulate pathways underlying heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eleanor Wong
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wilson Tan
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Roger Foo
- Cardiovascular Rsch Institute, Singapore
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