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Wang SS, Pan XY, Li YN, Li W. [Efficacy and safety of new systemic therapies in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in the elderly: meta-analysis]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 103:2509-2515. [PMID: 37650197 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20230212-00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of new systemic therapies (biological agents and JAK inhibitors) in moderate-to-severe elderly atopic dermatitis. Methods: The database of Embase, PubMed, Web of Science,Cochrane, the Global Resource of Eczema Trials database, ClinicalTrials. Gov, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP were used to search for literatures of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and real-world studies of the treatment of moderate-to-severe AD with the new systemic therapies from January 2014 to February 2023. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted the data and evaluated the risk of bias included in the study. Data were analyzed by Review Manager 5.3 software for meta-analysis and odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval were used as the effect statistics. The heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed. Results: A total of five studies (523 elderly patients and 802 young patients) using dupilumab were included for meta-analysis. Dupilumab showed good efficacy in elderly AD, with 74.6%(390/523) of patients whose EASI reached 75, which there was no significant difference with young patients (OR=0.79, 95%CI:0.58-1.07, P=0.122); the proportion of elderly patients with NRS improvement≥4 was 68.7%(244/355), and there was no significant difference with young patients (OR=0.79, 95%CI:0.55-1.14, P=0.213). The most common adverse reactions were conjunctivitis, facial and neck erythema and injection site reactions, and there are no serious adverse events in both groups. The incidence of adverse events in elderly patients was 24.3%(65/267), which was not significantly different from that in young patients (OR=1.07, 95%CI:0.65-1.77, P=0.789). There are few studies on other biological agents and JAK inhibitors in elderly AD patients. We only found 4 studies of elderly AD patients using JAK inhibitors (2 studies on abrocitinib and 2 studies on upadacitinib). The clinical efficacy of abrocitinib in the elderly was not significantly different from that in the young. The incidence of serious adverse events of abrocitinib and upadacitinib increased in the elderly and was dose-related. Conclusion: The efficacy and safety of dupilumab in elderly AD patients were similar to those in the young patients, and the JAK inhibitor needs to be further studied and verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - X Y Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Y N Li
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - W Li
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
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Dou JR, Zhou X, Pan XY, Miao RF, Zhou ML, Zhang F. [Investigation on health status of workers exposed to glyphosate]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2023; 41:517-522. [PMID: 37524675 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20220329-00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the concentrations of glyphosate and its metabolites in occupational exposed workers and their possible effects on human health, so as to provide a reference for improving the safe use of glyphosate and toxicity research. Methods: From April to December 2020, 247 workers directly exposed to glyphosate in 5 enterprises were selected as the contact group, and 237 workers who were not exposed to glyphosate and other pesticides in the same enterprise were selected as the control group. Questionnaire survey and occupational health examination were conducted on objects, and the concentrations of glyphosate and its metabolites in the air of workplaces and biological samples were detected. The correlation between the concentrations and the difference of health examination between the two groups were analyzed. Results: The urine glyphosate concentration (0.022-47.668 mg/L), the rate of exceeding the standard (60.32%, 149/247) and the urine aminomethyl phosphonic acid concentration (<0.010-1.624 mg/L) in the contact group were higher than those in the control group [urine glyphosate concentration (<0.020-4.482 mg/L), the rate of exceeding the standard (2.53%, 6/237) and the urine aminomethyl phosphonic acid concentration (<0.010-0.524 mg/L) ], respectively (P<0.001). The exceeding standard rate of glyphosate concentration in the workplace was 33.67% (33/98). The concentration of glyphosate in the workplace was positively correlated with the concentrations of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in urine (r(s)=0.804, 0.238, P<0.001), and the concentration of glyphosate in urine was positively correlated with the concentration of aminomethylphosphonic acid in urine (r(s)=0.549, P<0.001). The alanine aminotransferase (ALT), white cell ratio, creatinine, uric acid, the abnormal rates of ALT and total protein (TP) in the contact group were higher than those in the control group, and TP was lower than that in the control group, the differences were statistically different (P<0.05). The abnormal rates of overall liver function, overall renal function, blood routine test, urine routine test, electrocardiogram, liver B ultrasound and blood lipid in the contact group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The concentration of glyphosate in the workplace is related to the concentrations of glyphosate and aminomethyl phosphonic acid in the urine of workers, and exposure to glyphosate may have some harmful effects on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Dou
- Occupational Health Department of Yangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - X Zhou
- Occupational Health Department of Yangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - X Y Pan
- Occupational Health Department of Yangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - R F Miao
- Emergency Department of Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - M L Zhou
- School of Medicine, Yangzhou Vocational University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - F Zhang
- Institute of Occupational Diseases, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
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Pan XY, Wu JK, Lang ZQ, Qu L, Jiang L. [The value of immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67 and CD34 in differentiating ductal carcinoma in situ from ductal carcinoma in situ-like invasive breast cancer]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2022; 51:838-842. [PMID: 36097899 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20220428-00339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the expression of Ki-67 and CD34 in the differential diagnosis of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and DCIS-like invasive breast cancer (DLIBC). Methods: A total of 100 cases of DCIS and 150 cases of DLIBC diagnosed pathologically in Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital from January 2019 to March 2022 were collected. The expression of p63, CK5/6, Ki-67 and CD34 in both groups were detected by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and evaluated. Results: The 100 cases of DCIS included 11 cases of low-grade DCIS, 28 cases of intermediate-grade DCIS and 61 cases of high-grade DCIS. IHC staining of p63 and CK5/6 showed the myoepithelial cells around cancerous duct were complete or partial absence. Ki-67 expression showed two patterns: high expression in the basal layers and scattered expression within the tumor. Most cases showed mainly high basal expression (77/100, 77%), and the proportion of this pattern was significantly different between low grade and high grade DCIS (P<0.05). All cases showed complete CD34 expression surrounding the cancerous duct with different proportion (vascular necklace) suggested small vessels proliferation. The 150 cases of DLIBC included 142 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) (three cases of basal-like breast cancer was included), two cases of secretory carcinoma, three cases of solid papillary carcinoma, two cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma and one case of acinar cell carcinoma. Among 142 cases of IDC, 13 cases were grade Ⅰ, 77 were grade Ⅱ and 52 were grade Ⅲ. IHC staining of p63 showed complete absence of myoepithelium. CK5/6 was negative in most cases and only positively expressed within the tumor in 3 cases of basal-like breast cancer. Ki-67 indicated a scattered expression pattern within the tumor. In most cases, CD34 immunostaining showed scattered positive blood vessels within the tumor while only two cases showed incomplete expression of CD34 around the tumor (2/150, 1.3%). The different expression patterns of Ki-67 and CD34 in DCIS and DLIBC was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions: The different expression patterns of Ki-67 and CD34 are helpful to distinguish DLIBC from DCIS. The appearance of "vascular necklace" with CD34 and the high expression of Ki-67 around the cancerous duct highly support the diagnosis of DCIS, and the scattered expression pattern of CD34 supports DLIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Pan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China Department of Pathology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
| | - J K Wu
- Department of Pathology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Z Q Lang
- Department of Pathology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
| | - L Qu
- Department of Pathology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, China
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Coleman D, Riboni MV, Pate R, Miura M, Luchini ND, Trevisi E, Pan XY, Loor J, Cardoso P. 186 Young Scholar Presentation: Immunometabolism during periods of negative nutrient balance or heat stress is altered by dietary methyl donor supply in dairy cows. J Anim Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa054.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Our research examined the effects of enhancing methyl donor supply on immunometabolism during periods of negative nutrient balance (NNB) or heat stress (HS). The first experiment examined the effects of post-ruminal choline supply during NNB on production and pathways of 1-carbon metabolism. Ten primiparous rumen-cannulated cows (158±24 DIM) were used in a replicated 5×5 Latin square design with 4d treatment periods and 10d of recovery. Treatments were unrestricted intake with abomasal infusion of water, restricted intake (R; 60% of net energy for lactation requirements) with abomasal infusion of water or R plus abomasal infusion of 6.25, 12.5, or 25 g/d choline ion. Liver tissue was collected at the end of each treatment period. Enhancing choline supply increased milk yields, but decreased liver triacylglycerol. Activity of betaine homocysteine methyltransferase increased with choline, while methionine synthase tended to increase, and cystathionine β-synthase was decreased. These changes were associated with increased liver and plasma Met. Overall, enhanced supply of choline during NNB increases flux through the Met cycle to regenerate Met and reduce liver triacylglycerol. The second experiment examined the effects of rumen-protected Met (RPM) during HS on mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin)-related signaling proteins in the mammary gland. Thirty-two multiparous cows (184±59 DIM) were assigned to an environmental treatment, and a dietary treatment [TMR with RPM (0.105% DM) or without (CON)] in a crossover design. There were 2 periods with 2 phases per period. In phase 1 (9d), all cows were in thermoneutral conditions (TN) and fed ad libitum. During phase 2 (9d), group 1 (n=16) was exposed to HS using electric heat blankets while group 2 (n=16) remained in TN but were pair-fed to HS counterparts. After a washout period (21d), the study was repeated (period 2), with environmental treatments being inverted and dietary treatments remaining the same. Mammary tissue was collected at the end of phase 2. Abundance of phosphorylated mTOR was greater with RPM and tended to be greater with HS. Control cows had a greater decrease in milk protein (%) during phase 2 (difference from phase 1) compared with RPM cows, suggesting that RPM supplementation during HS may support greater milk protein synthesis via mTOR activation. The third experiment investigated the effects of RPM during HS on the response of mammary gland explants to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Twenty-five mg of tissue obtained from cows in the second experiment was incubated with 0 or 3 μg/mL of LPS for 2h. Incubation with LPS increased abundance of genes associated with inflammation, while HS decreased genes associated with antioxidant responses. Expression of NFKB1was greater in LPS-treated explants from non-HS compared with HS cows. These data indicate that HS reduced immune and antioxidant responses while RPM did not attenuate the inflammatory response induced by LPS in vitro. Overall, data indicated a beneficial effect of choline during NNB and Met during HS on immunometabolism in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - R Pate
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
| | | | | | | | - X Y Pan
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
| | - Juan Loor
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
| | - Phil Cardoso
- University of Illinois Department of Animal Sciences
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Pan XY, Liu CH, Du WA, Chen L, Han XL, Yang XY, Li Y, Liu C. Genetic Polymorphism and Forensic Application of 47 Autosomal InDel Loci in 5 Chinese Ethnic Groups. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 36:531-537. [PMID: 33047539 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the population genetic data of 47 autosomal insertion/deletion (InDel) polymorphism genetic markers involved in AGCU InDel 50 kit in Guangdong Han, Guangxi Zhuang, Guangxi Yao, Guangxi Jing, and Guangxi Mulam, and to evaluate their application in forensic DNA identification. Methods Multiplex amplification of the 768 unrelated individuals from the 5 ethnic groups mentioned above was performed with the AGCU InDel 50 kit. Genotyping was carried out by 3500xL gene analyzer, population genetic parameters were gathered and polymorphism analysis was performed. Results No linkage disequilibrium was found among 47 autosomal InDel loci in the 5 ethnic groups. The distribution of genotype frequency of 47 autosomal InDel loci confirmed to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in Guangdong Han and Guangxi Zhuang. Except for rs139934789, the other 46 loci confirmed to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in Guangxi Yao, Guangxi Jing, and Guangxi Mulam. The results of genetic variation analysis among the populations showed that 1.12% of genetic variation was caused by ethnic group differences. The cumulative discrimination power of 47 autosomal InDel loci for the 5 ethnic groups were all above 0.999 999 999 999 999. The cumulative probability of exclusion for each ethnic group was less than 0.999 9. The two Y-InDels were identified in all male individuals and were absent in all female individuals. Conclusion Except for rs139934789, the other 46 InDel loci have a relatively good genetic polymorphism in the 5 Chinese ethnic groups, and can be used for forensic individual identification and as effective supplements for paternity testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Pan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Forensic Judicial Appraisal Center of Yuexiu Branch of Guangzhou Public Security Bureau, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - C H Liu
- Guangzhou Criminal Science and Technology Institute, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - W A Du
- AGCU ScienTech Incorporation, Wuxi 214174, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - L Chen
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - X L Han
- Guangzhou Criminal Science and Technology Institute, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - X Y Yang
- Guangzhou Criminal Science and Technology Institute, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Y Li
- Guangzhou Criminal Science and Technology Institute, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - C Liu
- Guangzhou Criminal Science and Technology Institute, Guangzhou 510030, China
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Chen CL, Li MJ, Liu YN, Wang H, Guan ZB, Pan XY. [Expression and its implications of Th1/Th2 cytokines and lymphocyte subsets in adult patients with lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2020; 40:777-779. [PMID: 31648484 PMCID: PMC7342452 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2019.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C L Chen
- Department of Hematology, The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Alharti AS, Loor J, Batistel F, Ballou MA, Parys C, Pan XY, Trevisi E. 52 Young Scholar Presentation: Maternal supply of methionine during late-pregnancy alters in utero and neonatal development, hepatic one-carbon metabolism,and innate immune response in Holstein calves. J Anim Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/skz122.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Pregnancy and early life are critical periods of plasticity during which the fetus and neonate may be influenced by environmental factors such as nutrition. Objectives were to investigate if increasing methionine (Met) supply during late-pregnancy affects developmental, metabolic, and immune parameters of the calf at birth and during the neonatal period. Calves born to Holstein cows individually-fed a basal control (CON; 1.47 Mcal/kg dry matter [DM] and 15.3% crude protein) diet with no added Met or CON plus rumen-protected Met (MET; Mepron® at 0.09% of diet DM) during the last 28±2 d of pregnancy were used. Liver biopsies were harvested at 4, 14, 28, and 50 d of age and used for metabolomics via GS-MS and activity of hepatic 1-carbon metabolism enzymes. Blood for biomarker analyses and innate immune function assays was harvested at birth (before colostrum feeding), 7, 21, 42 and 50 d of age. Whole blood was challenged with enteropathogenic bacteria (E. coli 0118:H8), and phagocytosis and oxidative burst of neutrophils and monocytes quantified by flow cytometry. At birth, MET calves had greater (P≤0.05) body weight (BW, 44.1 vs. 42.1±0.70 kg), hip height (HH, 81.3 vs. 79.6±0.53 cm), and wither height (WH, 77.8 vs. 75.9±0.47 cm). Differences persisted through 9 wk of age, resulting in average responses of +3.1 kg BW, +1.9 cm HH, and+1.8 cm WH in MET compared with CON. Average daily gain during the 9 wk was (P<0.05) 0.72±0.02 kg/d in MET and 0.67±0.02 kg/d in CON calves. Despite similar rates of daily DMI, maternal supplementation with Met led to greater (P ≤ 0.05) overall hepatic concentrations of the 1-carbon metabolism intermediates adenosine, betaine, choline, glycine, and N,N-dimethylglycine in liver tissue. Among transsulfuration pathway metabolites, concentrations of cystathionine, cysteinesulfinic acid, hypotaurine, serine, and taurine were greater (P ≤ 0.05) in MET calves. There was a treatment × day effect for activity of betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase (BHMT), methionine synthase (MTR) and cystathionine-beta-synthase (CBS) in liver tissue. Activity of BHMT and CBS increased in MET calves between d 4 and 14, with a peak at 28 d. Despite a linear increase from d 4 to 28, activity of MTR in MET calves was lower on d 4 and 50. Plasma concentrations of haptoglobin and activity of myeloperoxidase in both maternal groups increased (P ≤ 0.05) markedly between 0 and 7 d of age followed by a decrease to baseline at d 21 with responses being lower in MET compared with CON calves. In vitro phagocytosis in stimulated neutrophils was greater overall (P ≤ 0.05) in MET calves. Overall, data indicate that increasing the maternal supply of Met during late-pregnancy benefits calf growth in part through alterations in hepatic metabolism and innate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan Loor
- University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign
| | | | | | | | - X Y Pan
- University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign
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Yang CS, Pan XY, Feng Q, Wang YY, Xu WM, Jiang T, Wang L, Yang JL, Wang L. [Mutation status of epidermal growth factor receptor and KRAS gene in non-small cell lung cancers at Xuanwei regions of Yunnan Province]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2017; 45:226-30. [PMID: 27033384 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the mutation status of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and KRAS gene in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Xuanwei, Yunnan and to correlate the mutation status with clinicopathologic features. METHODS Mutation status of exons 18, 19, 20 and 21 of EGFR, and codons 12, 13 of KRAS in 63 cases of NSCLC were analyzed by gene sequencing and ARMS-Taqman probe method. Correlation with patients' clinicopathological characteristics was performed. RESULTS EGFR and KRAS mutations were present in 55.6% (35/63) and 6.3% (4/63), respectively. EGFR gene mutations were present, including exon 18 G719X in 14.3% (5/35), exon 19 in 14.3% (5/35), exon 20 S768I and T790M in 20.0% (7/35), exon 21 L858R in 31.4% (11/35), exon 18 G719X and exon 20 S768I double mutation in 17.1% (6/35), and exon 20 T790M and exon 21 L858R double mutation in 2.9% (1/35). KRAS mutations were seen in codon 12 in 3 of 4 cases, and codon 13 in 1 of 4 cases. EGFR mutations were mutually exclusive with KRAS mutations. According to statistic analysis, EGFR mutations were associated with the histological types of NSCLC(P<0.05), but without correlation with patient's gender, age, smoking status and lymph node metastasis(P>0.05). KRAS mutations in NSCLC had no correlation with the clinical pathologic characteristics of the patients. CONCLUSIONS A higher frequency of EGFR exon 18 G719X and 20 exon S768I mutations are found in the patients in Xuanwei, Yunnan. EGFR mutations are associated with histologic types of NSCLC, but without correlation with patient's gender, age, smoking status and lymph node metastasis. KRAS mutation in NSCLC has no correlation with the clinicopathologic characteristics of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Yang
- Department of Pathology, Kunming General Hospital, Kunming 650032, China
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Pan XY, Liu XJ, Li J, Zhen SJ, Liu DX, Feng Q, Zhao WX, Luo Y, Zhang YL, Li HW, Yang JL. The antitumor efficacy of anti-p21Ras scFv mediated by the dual-promoter-regulated recombinant adenovirus KGHV300. Gene Ther 2016; 24:40-48. [PMID: 27834948 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2016.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ras mutations and overexpression of the Ras protein, p21Ras, are main causes of cancer development and progression, which has made the Ras gene and p21Ras important targets for therapy of Ras-driven cancers. We previously prepared recombinant adenovirus KGHV100 based on replication-defective adenovirus type 5, which could intracellularly express anti-p21Ras single chain fragment viable antibodies (scFv) and repress tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. However, the anti-tumor effects of this anti-p21Ras scFv were limited by short-term scFv expression due to a replication defect of KGHV100. To enhance the anti-tumor efficacy and safety of anti-p21Ras scFv, the present study constructed a dual-promoter-regulated recombinant adenovirus KGHV300 that carried anti-p21Ras scFv. In KGHV300, the expression levels of the essential replication genes E1a and E1b, were controlled by the human telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter and the hypoxia response element, respectively, and the anti-p21Ras scFv gene was controlled by the cytomegalovirus promoter. The conditional replication of KGHV300 and its antitumor efficacy were characterized in several tumor cell lines in vitro and in xenograft models of human breast cancer in nude mice. TCID50 assay demonstrated that KGHV300 could replicate in tumor cell lines but not in normal cell lines. 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay indicated that the growth of tumor cells was effectively inhibited by KGHV300 infection. In MDA-MB-231 tumor xenograft models, KGHV300 effectively and significantly inhibited tumor growth and induced apoptosis of tumor cells. We concluded that the recombinant adenovirus KGHV300 may be a more potent and safer antitumor therapeutic for Ras-driven cancer biotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Pan
- Department of Pathology, Kunming General Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - X J Liu
- Graduate School, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Genetics, Medical College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - S J Zhen
- Graduate School, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - D X Liu
- Graduate School, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Q Feng
- Department of Pathology, Kunming General Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - W X Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Kunming General Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Y Luo
- Department of Genetics, Medical College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Y L Zhang
- Biotechnique College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - H W Li
- Biotechnique College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - J L Yang
- Department of Pathology, Kunming General Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.,Graduate School, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.,Department of Genetics, Medical College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
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Lin J, Tong J, Shao C, Pan XY, Da JP. [Segmental thinning of umbilical cord vessels resulted in spontaneous umbilical cord vessel rupture during delivery and fetal death: report of a case]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2016; 45:803-804. [PMID: 27821241 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2016.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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11
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Pan XY, Zhang ZH, Wu LX, Wang ZC. Effect of HIF-1a/VEGF signaling pathway on plasma progesterone and ovarian prostaglandin F₂a secretion during luteal development of pseudopregnant rats. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:8796-809. [PMID: 26345811 DOI: 10.4238/2015.august.3.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The corpus luteum is a temporary endocrine structure in mammals that plays an important role in the female reproductive cycle and is formed from a ruptured and ovulated follicle with rapid angiogenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is thought to be vital in normal and abnormal angiogenesis in the ovary, but the molecular regulation of luteal VEGF expression during corpus luteum development in vivo is still poorly understood at present. Therefore, we examined whether hypoxia-inducible factor-1a (HIF-1a) is induced and regulates VEGF expression and luteal function in vivo using a pseudopregnant rat model treated with a small-molecule inhibitor of HIF-1a, echinomycin. Corpus luteum development in the pseudopregnant rat ovary was determined after measuring plasma progesterone concentration and ovarian prostaglandin F2a content to reflect changes in HIF-1a and VEGF on different days of this developmental process. At day 7, the corpus luteum was formed and the expression of HIF- 1a/VEGF reached a maximum, while a significant decrease in HIF-1a/ VEGF expression was observed when luteolysis occurred at day 13. Additionally, echinomycin blocked luteal development by inhibiting VEGF expression mediated by HIF-1a and following luteal function by detecting the progesterone changes at day 7. These results demonstrated that HIF-1a-mediated VEGF expression might be an important mechanism regulating ovarian luteal development in mammals in vivo, which may provide new strategies for fertility control and for treating some types of ovarian dysfunction, such as polycystic ovarian syndrome, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, and ovarian neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Pan
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Z H Zhang
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - L X Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, China
| | - Z C Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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12
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Lyu B, Wang FD, Pan XY, Chen J, Fu J, Li YY, Bitter M, Hill KW, Delgado-Aparicio LF, Pablant N, Lee SG, Shi YJ, Ye MY, Wan BN. Upgrades of imaging x-ray crystal spectrometers for high-resolution and high-temperature plasma diagnostics on EAST. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:11E406. [PMID: 25430313 DOI: 10.1063/1.4886387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Upgrade of the imaging X-ray crystal spectrometers continues in order to fulfill the high-performance diagnostics requirements on EAST. For the tangential spectrometer, a new large pixelated two-dimensional detector was deployed on tokamaks for time-resolved X-ray imaging. This vacuum-compatible detector has an area of 83.8 × 325.3 mm(2), a framing rate over 150 Hz, and water-cooling capability for long-pulse discharges. To effectively extend the temperature limit, a double-crystal assembly was designed to replace the previous single crystals for He-like argon line measurement. The tangential spectrometer employed two crystal slices attached to a common substrate and part of He- and H-like Ar spectra could be recorded on the same detector when crystals were chosen to have similar Bragg angles. This setup cannot only extend the measurable Te up to 10 keV in the core region, but also extend the spatial coverage since He-like argon ions will be present in the outer plasma region. Similarly, crystal slices for He-like iron and argon spectra were adopted on the poloidal spectrometer. Wavelength calibration for absolute rotation velocity measurement will be studied using cadmium characteristic L-shell X-ray lines excited by plasma radiation. A Cd foil is placed before the crystal and can be inserted and retracted for in situ wavelength calibration. The Geant4 code was used to estimate X-ray fluorescence yield and optimize the thickness of the foil.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lyu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - F D Wang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - X Y Pan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - J Chen
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - J Fu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Y Y Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - M Bitter
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-0451, USA
| | - K W Hill
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-0451, USA
| | - L F Delgado-Aparicio
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-0451, USA
| | - N Pablant
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-0451, USA
| | - S G Lee
- National Fusion Research Institute, 52 Eoeun-Dong, Yusung-Gu, Daejeon 305-333, South Korea
| | - Y J Shi
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - M Y Ye
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - B N Wan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
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13
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Liu HX, Wen H, Hu YZ, Yu HC, Pan XY. Percutaneous quadriceps tendon pie-crusting release of extension contracture of the knee. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2014; 100:333-5. [PMID: 24679369 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2013.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2013] [Revised: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
To release extension contracture of the knee, the authors used a minimally invasive technique: percutaneous quadriceps tendon pie-crusting release. Percutaneous pie-crusting release was performed using an 18-gauge needle to puncture the stiff fibrous band of the distal and lateral quadriceps tendon under maximum knee flexion. Quadriceps contracture was gradually released by multiple needle punctures. A knee brace was prescribed for one week and knee flexion exercises were performed on the first postoperative day. This technique was performed in seven post-traumatic stiff knees and five stiff total knee arthroplasties. Mean maximum flexion increased from 37° preoperatively to 50° after arthrolysis and 107(o) after pie-crusting. At a mean follow-up of eight months, mean maximum flexion was 103°. There were no major complications. The technique of quadriceps tendon pie-crusting release is a simple, minimally invasive and effective treatment for knee extension contracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- H X Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109, Xueyuanxi road, 32027 Wenzhou, China
| | - H Wen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109, Xueyuanxi road, 32027 Wenzhou, China.
| | - Y Z Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109, Xueyuanxi road, 32027 Wenzhou, China
| | - H C Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109, Xueyuanxi road, 32027 Wenzhou, China
| | - X Y Pan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109, Xueyuanxi road, 32027 Wenzhou, China
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Shen XL, Jia JH, Zhao P, Fan R, Pan XY, Yang HM, Liu L. Changes in blood oxidative and antioxidant parameters in a group of Chinese patients with age-related macular degeneration. J Nutr Health Aging 2012; 16:201-4. [PMID: 22456773 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-011-0350-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To measure the oxidative and antioxidant biochemical parameters in the serum of Chinese patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and in a similar age control group from the same area. DESIGN A case-control study. PARTICIPANTS 56 AMD patients ( 21 early dry, 13 geographic atrophy and 22 wet form) and 34 normal subjects, similar for age and sex were studied. MEASUREMENTS Both groups completed a questionnaire about demographic characters and dieatry habit, and the levels of serum lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA) and antioxidants parameters (vitamin C and E, the activities of superoxide dismutase--SOD, total antioxidant capacity--TAC ) were determined. RESULTS There was a significantly higher frequency of daily intake of fruit and legumes in controls than in AMD patients. There was a significantly increased serum MDA levels and SOD activities, and significantly decreased serum vitamin C and total antioxidant capacity in AMD patients as compared to controls. The intensity of lipid peroxidation was higher with the progression of AMD. There was not difference in serum vitamin E levels between AMD patients and controls. CONCLUSION Oxido-reduction disturbance may be involved in the pathogenesis of AMD. There is a significantly decreased antioxidant capacity in AMD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Shen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.
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Pan XY, Wang B, Che YC, Weng ZP, Dai HY, Peng W. Expression of claudin-3 and claudin-4 in normal, hyperplastic, and malignant endometrial tissue. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2007; 17:233-41. [PMID: 17291259 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1438.2006.00748.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To clarify the roles of claudins in endometrial tumorigenesis, we determined levels of protein and messengerRNA (mRNA) expression of claudin-3 and claudin-4 in human endometrial tissue (proliferative phase [PE, n= 25]; secretory phase [SE, n= 25]; simple hyperplasia [SH, n= 20]; complex hyperplasia [CH, n= 12]; atypical hyperplasia [AH, n= 15]; endometrioid adenocarcinoma [EEC, n= 30]) using immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Morphologic changes of tight junctions (TJs) were also observed in normal, hyperplastic, and malignant endometrial tissue. Absence or weak staining for claudin-3 and claudin-4 was observed in PE, SE, SH, and CH, while medium to intense staining was detected in AH and EEC. Staining of claudin-3 and claudin-4 was predominantly localized to the glandular epithelial cell membrane. Expression of claudin-3 and claudin-4 was significantly increased in the groups of AH and EEC in comparison with the groups of CH, SH, and normal cyclic endometrium at both protein and mRNA levels. The highest expression was observed in EEC. Although no relevance was found with regard to FIGO stage and histologic grade, overexpression of claudin-3 and claudin-4, especially claudin-4, significantly correlated with myometrial invasion. Transmission electron microscopy analysis indicated morphologic disruptions of TJs may lag behind the increase of claudins expression. These results demonstrate that claudin-3 and claudin-4 are strongly expressed in AH and EEC, but less frequently in normal endometrium. The upregulation of claudins expression during endometrial carcinogenesis suggests their potential utility as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, QiLu Hospital of ShanDong University, JiNan, China.
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Yang G, Lu G, Jin F, Dai Q, Best R, Shu XO, Chen JR, Pan XY, Shrubsole M, Zheng W. Population-based, case-control study of blood C-peptide level and breast cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2001; 10:1207-11. [PMID: 11700270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance has been suggested to be associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. Insulin sensitivity can be measured using blood C-peptide, a marker of insulin secretion. It is thus conceivable that blood C-peptide levels may be associated with breast cancer risk. To evaluate this hypothesis, we analyzed data from a subset (143 case-control pairs matched by age and status of menopause) of women who participated in the Shanghai Breast Cancer Study, a population-based, case-control study conducted in Shanghai during 1996-1998. Fasting blood samples were collected from study subjects to measure C-peptide levels. For cancer patients, the samples were collected before any cancer therapy. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals related to C-peptide levels. Breast cancer risk was increased with increasing levels of C-peptide (trend test, P = 0.01), with an odds ratio of 2.7 (95% confidence interval = 1.2-5.9) observed for the highest compared with the lowest tertile of C-peptide concentration after adjusting for body mass index and age at the first live birth. The risk was not altered after fully adjusting for other traditional risk factors for breast cancer. This positive association was observed in both pre and postmenopausal women and regardless of the levels of waist-to-hip ratio or body mass index. The results from this study were consistent with the insulin-resistance hypothesis for breast cancer and suggest that increased levels of C-peptide may contribute to the development of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Yang
- Department of Medicine and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-8300, USA
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Zhang XQ, Liu SJ, Pan XY. [Clinical study on treatment of chemo- or radiotherapy induced leukopenia with fuzheng compound]. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 1996; 16:27-8. [PMID: 8732127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic effect of Fuzhen Compound, a Chinese herbal medicine, on leukocyte count in 59 patients with cancer of advanced stage after chemo-or radiotherapy were observed. Among 41 cases with leukopenia before treatment, leukocyte of 37 cases were normalized after treatment, the count pre-and post-treatment were (2.8 +/- 0.6) x 10(9)/L and (5.9 +/- 1.4) x 10(9)/L respectively (P < 0.01). In 18 patients with normal leukocyte count before treatment, the counts of 17 cases were still kept in normal after treatment. The time for leukcoyte recovering was 8.0 days in average, while that of 23 patients did not take Fuzhen Compound was 20.6 +/- 1.8 days. The results indicated that the Fuzhen Compound could alleviate the inhibition of chemo-or radiotherapy on hemopoietic function of bone marrow and has leukocytogenic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Q Zhang
- Medical College of Oncology, Beijing Medical University
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Pan XY, Li FQ, Yu RJ, Xie GF, Wang H, Zhao LY, Zhang Q. [Experimental chemotherapy of human gastric cancer cell lines in vitro and in nude mice]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 1988; 10:15-8. [PMID: 2843330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cytotoxic effects of allyl trisulfide (Alt, a synthetic chemical identical with one of the main active principles of garlic), 5 FU, MMC and DDP on SGC 7901 ( a moderately differentiated human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line) and MGC 803 (a poorly differentiated human gastric mucoadenocarcinoma cell line) had been reported before. In this paper, effects of repeated two doses of each drug and the combination of two drugs on these two cell lines were studied using relative clone-survival test. The inhibitory effects of Alt, MMC alone or combined on MGC tumor in nude mice were observed. No drug resistance was found when any one of the four agents at the same concentration were repeated twice separately at 60 hour interval in vitro. The cytotoxic effect of the repeated two doses was approximately equal to that of the single dose at double concentration. The in vitro test of combinations of two drugs showed that Alt plus MMC or 5 FU plus DDP had markedly synergistic effect on MGC cells; 5 FU plus DDP had markedly synergistic effect on SGC cells. The inhibition test on the growth of MGC tumor in nude mice indicated that the inhibition rates of Alt, MMC alone or combined were 58.3%, 86.3% and 84.3%. The systemic toxic effect of MMC alone was severe, whereas Alt alone or MMC plus Alt showed mild toxicity. For this reason, Alt plus MMC is recommended for clinical trials on poorly differentiated gastric cancer. In addition, for the comparison of in vitro test dose and clinical dose of each drug, the principle of clinical adult dose range (CADR) is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Pan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan
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Wang XW, Jiang YF, Xie GF, Li FQ, Pan XY. [Establishment of a human pulmonary adenocarcinoma cell line Lu-YePa and its biological characteristics]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 1987; 9:112-4. [PMID: 3652912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the establishment of a human pulmonary adenocarcinoma cell line Lu-YePa and its biological characteristics. The primary cells of Lu-YePa cell line were derived from a twenty six year old patient with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the lung. After 36 days' culture, transfer was made and the cells proliferated steadily and rapidly afterwards. The doubling time was 34.6 hours. Mitotic index reached 49.5% on day 5. Chromosome number was subtriploid with the mode of 62. The large submetacentric marker chromosome was presented in 68% of cells. PAS positive granules were found in the cytoplasm. The study of concanavalin A condensation, electron microscopic observation, heterotransplantation and plating efficiency indicates that Lu-YePa cells are concordant with the human pulmonary adenocarcinoma cells in morphology and biological behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- X W Wang
- Sanitary and Antiepidemic Station, Yexian, Shandong
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Pan XY. [Comparison of the cytotoxic effect of fresh garlic, diallyl trisulfide, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), mitomycin C (MMC) and Cis-DDP on two lines of gastric cancer cells]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 1985; 7:103-5. [PMID: 3924535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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21
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Pan XY. [Oral manifestations in patients with hematologic diseases--analysis of 1,005 cases]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Ke Za Zhi 1984; 19:39-41. [PMID: 6333325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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22
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Pan XY. [Investigation of sister chromatid exchanges in lymphocytes of peripheral blood in the middle-aged persons and on the possible effect of mutagens from external environment on SCEs in lymphocytes]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 1983; 5:118-20. [PMID: 6872832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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