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Dikkers FG, Remacle M, Karagama Y. In memoriam: Nobuhiko Isshiki 1930-2022. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2022. [PMID: 36070147 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-022-07642-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frederik G Dikkers
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marc Remacle
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
| | - Yakubu Karagama
- ENT Department, Great Maze Pond, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE1 9RT, UK
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Brar S, Watters C, Watson N, Birchall M, Karagama Y. Ear, nose and throat (ENT) manifestations and complications of reflux. Frontline Gastroenterol 2022; 13:e57-e64. [PMID: 35812029 PMCID: PMC9234721 DOI: 10.1136/flgastro-2022-102184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease describes the backflow of acidic stomach content towards the larynx and is associated with symptoms such as cough, throat clearing and globus. It is a common presentation in primary care and the sequelae of symptoms that arise from the disease often present in ear, nose and throat clinics. Assessment and examination of patients presenting with reflux symptoms includes questionnaires, as well as direct visualisation of the pharynx and larynx, and takes a multidisciplinary team approach. Treatment options include lifestyle modification, medical therapy and in some specialist centres, surgical management to address the multitude of symptoms associated with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Brar
- ENT, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Natalie Watson
- ENT, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Martin Birchall
- ENT, Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital, London, UK,ENT, UCLH, London, UK
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Watson NA, Karagama Y, Burnay V, Boztepe S, Warner S, Chevretton EB. Effects of coronavirus disease-2019 on voice: our experience of laryngeal complications following mechanical ventilation in severe coronavirus disease-2019 pneumonitis and review of current literature. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021; 29:437-444. [PMID: 34636346 PMCID: PMC8577307 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0000000000000768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Dysphonia has been described as a major symptom of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). A literature review examining this topic was undertaken and is presented here, combined with insights from our experience in managing patients with laryngeal complications following mechanical ventilation for severe COVID-19 pneumonitis. RECENT FINDINGS Naunheim et al. reported that patients who are most at risk of needing intubation with COVID-19 disease are those with patient-specific risk factors and these are at an increased risk for subsequent laryngotracheal injury following intubation (1). In our cohort of 105 patients referred with laryngological symptoms postintubation for COVID-19 pneumonitis, 40% presented as urgent reviews, of which almost half had severe postintubation complications requiring surgery. Perceptual voice ratings and patient-reported voice ratings varied widely, but there was no significant change in voice scores postoperatively. The reflux symptom index (RSI) scores did improve significantly (p = 0.0266). The need for surgery was associated with the presence of comorbidities for instance hypertension, diabetes and obesity in our cohort. This is in support of reported association of comorbidity as a risk factor for intubation and subsequent development of postintubation airway complications. SUMMARY Dysphonia following COVID-19 infection may have multiple causes. Literature reports demonstrate intubation injury, sensory neuropathy, and postviral neuropathy are associated with voice changes. Our personal experience has confirmed postintubation injury markedly affects glottic function with resultant dysphonia attributable to scar formation, posterior glottic stenosis, granulation and subglottic stenosis. Frequent surgical intervention is required for airway patency and may have short-term further deleterious effects on phonation, although in our cohort this is not statistically significant analysing Grade, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, Strain, Voice Handicap Index-10 or Airway, Voice, Swallow scores. Maximal antireflux medications and advice statistically improved RSI scores postoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Victoria Burnay
- Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Susan Warner
- Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Grewal R, Tantichirasakul N, Miller BJ, Watson N, Karagama Y. Office-based transnasal oesophagoscopy: Evaluating the safety, efficacy and application in head and neck cancer patients. Clin Otolaryngol 2021; 47:218-223. [PMID: 34581024 DOI: 10.1111/coa.13868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ravneet Grewal
- GKT School of Medical Education, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Natalie Watson
- ENT Department, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Yakubu Karagama
- ENT Department, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Miu K, Miller B, Tornari C, Slack A, Murphy P, Ahmed I, Burnay V, Karagama Y. 263 Airway, Voice and Swallow Outcomes Following Endotracheal Intubation and Mechanical Ventilation For COVID-19 Pneumonitis: Preliminary Results of a Prospective Cohort Study. Br J Surg 2021. [PMCID: PMC8135859 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab134.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has placed exceptional demands on Intensive Care Units (ICU) across the world – particularly requiring patients to be intubated and mechanically ventilated. Laryngeal injury following intubation is a common occurrence, therefore this study aims to analyse airway, voice, and swallow (AVS) outcomes of patients intubated for COVID-19 pneumonitis and compares it to intubated non-COVID-19 respiratory patients and other ICU admissions. Method We collected data from inpatient records, and follow-up clinics on intubated adult patients discharged from a tertiary care hospital ICU between 01/03/20 and 30/04/20. Patients were assessed with the AVS Scale, Voice Handicap Index-10 (VHI-10), and Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10). Results 86 patients were admitted with COVID-19 pneumonitis, 17 patients were admitted with non-COVID-19 respiratory failure, and 26 patients were admitted with a non-respiratory diagnosis. The COVID-19 cohort demonstrated higher rates of AVS difficulties (airway 59% vs 44% and 31%, voice 40% vs 19% and 19%, swallow 21% vs 6% and 12%). VHI-10 and EAT-10 scores showed no significant differences between groups. Conclusions Patients intubated for COVID-19 pneumonitis reported higher rates of AVS difficulties against non-COVID-19 reasons for intubation. Robust prospective screening protocols are essential to improving patient outcomes by highlighting and therefore managing laryngological sequelae that occur following intubation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Miu
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - B Miller
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - C Tornari
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Slack
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - P Murphy
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - I Ahmed
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - V Burnay
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Karagama
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Karagama Y. Abelchia: inability to belch/burp-a new disorder? Retrograde cricopharyngeal dysfunction (RCPD). Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 278:5087-5091. [PMID: 33893849 PMCID: PMC8553696 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-021-06790-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Case series This is retrospective case series involving 72 patients who presented with symptoms associated with inability to burp. The following symptoms was described by almost all the patients; retrosternal pain after eating or drinking, bloating feeling in the stomach, gurgling noise in the throat, excessive flatulence. These symptoms are worse with fizzy/carbonated drinks and beer. A full clinical history and examination plus endoscopic and in some cases barium a swallow radiological investigation was done. Procedure The surgery was performed under a general anaesthesia for all cases. Suspension pharyngoscopy in supine position using a Weerda diverticuloscope to identify the cricopharyngeal bar muscle. High dose of botulinum toxin A (botox) 100 iu was injected into the cricopharynxgeus muscle under a general anaesthesia. Results A total of 72 patients were diagnosed and undergone surgery between November 2016 and December 2020. There were 50 male and 22 female patients. Their average age was 30 (range 18–68 years old). All patients were able to burp again within first 4 weeks of the injection. This persisted even after the Botox worn off beyond the 3 months in 96% of cases. The average follow-up was 24 months post injection with longest follow-up 48 months (range 1–48 months). Conclusion The author reported a new condition of inability to burp due to failure of the cricopharyngeal sphincter to relax spontaneously and outcome of treatment using botulinum toxin A injection into the cricopharyngeus muscle. It is expected that the paralysing action of botulinum toxin injection last approximately 3 months. However, this group of patients seem to be cured even after the effect of the botox is worn off. The author therefore postulated that there might me some neural dysfunction that inhibits the brain to send signals to the cricopharyngeal sphincter to initiate burping. Once burping is re-established with the help of botox injection, spontaneous burping seems to occur and sustained even after the botox is worn off.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakubu Karagama
- HCA Shard London, BMI Blackheath, London & Alexandra Hospital, Manchester, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK.
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Watters C, Miller B, Kelly M, Burnay V, Karagama Y, Chevretton E. Virtual voice clinics in the COVID-19 era: have they been helpful? Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 278:4113-4118. [PMID: 33760954 PMCID: PMC7989684 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-021-06643-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Purpose In response to the coronavirus pandemic, a tertiary combined Laryngology-Speech Therapy voice clinic was converted to a wholly virtual clinic, with consultations carried out via telephone or video. The aim of our mixed method study was to assess (a) how effective are virtual clinics vs face-to-face clinics in progressing patients’ care and (b) what is patient satisfaction with virtual consultation methods. Methods Analysis of clinic data from patient databases for both virtual and face-to-face clinics was carried out. A patient satisfaction survey was carried out by 75 of the patients who had attended virtual clinics. Results There was statistically a significant difference (p value < 0.01) in the proportion of patients prescribed medical therapy, referred for Speech and Language Therapy (SALT) or listed for surgery in the virtual clinic by comparison to the face-to-face clinic. 75 patients completed the questionnaire. 98% of patients were satisfied overall with the virtual method of consultation. 84% believed they would still benefit from face-to-face review. 83% would like the option of a virtual type of clinic in the future. Conclusion Our data clearly demonstrates that face-to-face clinics are superior to virtual clinics, with almost no patients progressed to surgery in virtual consultations. Despite this, virtual methods are still valuable, and many patients have meaningful progression of care. In current circumstances, patients have very high satisfaction with virtual consultations and certain groups have been identified as particularly benefiting. Going forward, an ideal clinic may be a hybrid of face-to-face and virtual appointments as clinically indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Watters
- Core Surgical Trainee, ENT Department, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.
| | - Benjamin Miller
- ENT Specialist Registrar, ENT Department, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Mairead Kelly
- Core Surgical Trainee, ENT Department, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Victoria Burnay
- Clinical Lead Speech and Language Therapist (Voice), Speech and Language Therapy Department, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Yakubu Karagama
- ENT and Laryngology Consultant, ENT Department, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Elfy Chevretton
- ENT and Laryngology Consultant, ENT Department, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
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Watson NA, Siddiqui Z, Miller BJ, Karagama Y, Gibbins N. Non-aesthetic uses of botulinum toxin in the head and neck. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 278:4147-4154. [PMID: 33738565 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-021-06750-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The use of botulinum toxin in the specialty of aesthetic surgery in the head and neck is well known. However, it has also been used for other conditions affecting the head and neck, and in recent years its use, as well as the number of relevant applications, has expanded enormously. REVIEW This article presents a summary of the current range of uses in the laryngeal, pharyngeal, cervical, oromandibular and facial muscles and salivary glands. We highlight particular conditions focusing on dystonia (laryngeal, craniocervical, oromandibular and cervical), multiple system atrophy, migraines, facial nerve palsy, post-laryngectomy, cricopharyngeal dysphagia, Zenker's diverticulum, retrograde cricopharyngeal dysfunction disorder, sialorrhea and gustatory sweating (Frey's syndrome). CONCLUSION This article should aid the ear, nose and throat surgeon garner knowledge about the range of uses for botulinum toxin in the head and neck.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Anne Watson
- Department of Otolaryngology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Zohaib Siddiqui
- Department of Otolaryngology, Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Trust, Lewisham High Street, London, SE13 6LH, UK
| | - Benjamin John Miller
- Department of Otolaryngology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Yakubu Karagama
- Department of Otolaryngology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Nicholas Gibbins
- Department of Otolaryngology, Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Trust, Lewisham High Street, London, SE13 6LH, UK
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Smith ME, Swords C, Rocke JPJ, Walker A, Bryan JE, Milinis K, Mathew RG, Jones GH, McLaren O, Hutson K, Slovick A, Hopkins C, Harries PG, Heward E, Shakeel M, Gomati A, Bance M, Lancaster J, Gaskell P, Smyth C, Dorris C, Kelly A, McCrory D, Bhatt YM, Jama GM, Morgan M, Perkins V, Spraggs P, Khosla S, Takwoingi Y, Gopala‐Krishnan S, Strachan D, Omakobia E, Puvanendran M, Myuran T, Rennie C, Devabalan Y, Cardozo A, Tse A, McRae D, Burgan OT, Reddy E, Wright B, Kara N, Ivy A, Williams R, Walkden A, Quraishi M, Stobbs N, Chatzimichalis M, Elston E, Khemani S, Liu A, Kirkland P, Vasanthan R, Miah M, Lee K, Mclarnon C, Williams MR, Okonkwo O, Mughal Z, Karagama Y, Xie C, De M, Amlani A, Jassar P, Cao H, Patil S, Philpott C, Meghji S, Das S, Cole S, Vijendren A, Ally M, Kothari P, Schechter E, Ranganathan B, Advani R, Toma S, Haymes A, Shakir A, Yap D, Costello R, Evans L, Chisholm E, Ojha S, Spielmann P, Steven R, Supriya M, Mathew E, Masood A, Dewhurst S, Ward V, Haigh T, Patiar S, Nemeth Z, Terry R, Vithlani R, Bowyer D, Yang D, Monksfield P, Muzaffar J, Siddiq A, Whittaker JD, Ramakrishnan Y, Vakharia N, Cain A, Cooper F, Izzat S, Nair D, Tan S, Daudia A, Gilchrist J, Tan N, Kim M, Singh V, Hallett E, Ray J, Yu B, DeCarpentier J, Chandrasekar B, Bhimrao S, Eastwood M, Sunkaraneni VS, Patel J, Moore A, Shetty P, Mawby T, Shelton F, Jindal M, Yao A, Geyer M, Lowe E, Jones H, Ghasemi AA, Trinidade A, Hardy A, Little S, Munroe‐Gray T, Bennett A, Li L, Khalid‐Raja M, McNally G, Thomas G, Elmorsy M, Williams C, Zammit M, Seymour K, Warner E, Potter C, Easto R, Shaida A, Forde CT, Karamchandani D, Gill C, Syed I, Walker D, Stewart K, Simmons M, Abou‐Foul AK, Bathala S, Emerson H, Almeyda J, Leadon M, Fahmy F, Kaleva AI, Moorthy R, Bates J, Wasson J, Selwyn A, Daultrey C, Patel S, Siau D, Sawant R, Moore P, Ali F. Admission avoidance in acute epistaxis: A prospective national audit during the initial peak of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Clin Otolaryngol 2021; 46:577-586. [DOI: 10.1111/coa.13716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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O'Hara J, Stocken DD, Watson GC, Fouweather T, McGlashan J, MacKenzie K, Carding P, Karagama Y, Wood R, Wilson JA. Use of proton pump inhibitors to treat persistent throat symptoms: multicentre, double blind, randomised, placebo controlled trial. BMJ 2021; 372:m4903. [PMID: 33414239 PMCID: PMC7789994 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.m4903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) to treat persistent throat symptoms. DESIGN Pragmatic, double blind, placebo controlled, randomised trial. SETTING Eight ear, nose, and throat outpatient clinics, United Kingdom. PARTICIPANTS 346 patients aged 18 years or older with persistent throat symptoms who were randomised according to recruiting centre and baseline severity of symptoms (mild or severe): 172 to lansoprazole and 174 to placebo. INTERVENTION Random blinded allocation (1:1) to either 30 mg lansoprazole twice daily or matched placebo twice daily for 16 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcome was symptomatic response at 16 weeks measured using the total reflux symptom index (RSI) score. Secondary outcomes included symptom response at 12 months, quality of life, and throat appearances. RESULTS Of 1427 patients initially screened for eligibility, 346 were recruited. The mean age of the study sample was 52.2 (SD 13.7) years, 196 (57%) were women, and 162 (47%) had severe symptoms at presentation; these characteristics were balanced across treatment arms. The primary analysis was performed on 220 patients who completed the primary outcome measure within a window of 14-20 weeks. Mean RSI scores were similar between treatment arms at baseline: lansoprazole 22.0 (95% confidence interval 20.4 to 23.6) and placebo 21.7 (20.5 to 23.0). Improvements (reduction in RSI score) were observed in both groups-score at 16 weeks: lansoprazole 17.4 (15.5 to19.4) and placebo 15.6 (13.8 to 17.3). No statistically significant difference was found between the treatment arms: estimated difference 1.9 points (95% confidence interval -0.3 to 4.2 points; P=0.096) adjusted for site and baseline symptom severity. Lansoprazole showed no benefits over placebo for any secondary outcome measure, including RSI scores at 12 months: lansoprazole 16.0 (13.6 to 18.4) and placebo 13.6 (11.7 to 15.5): estimated difference 2.4 points (-0.6 to 5.4 points). CONCLUSIONS No evidence was found of benefit from PPI treatment in patients with persistent throat symptoms. RSI scores were similar between the lansoprazole and placebo groups after 16 weeks of treatment and at the 12 month follow-up. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN38578686 and EudraCT 2013-004249-17.
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Affiliation(s)
- James O'Hara
- Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK James.O'
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Deborah D Stocken
- Clinical Trials Research, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Gillian C Watson
- Newcastle Clinical Trials Unit, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Tony Fouweather
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Kenneth MacKenzie
- NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde. Visiting Professor, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Paul Carding
- Oxford Institute of Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Research, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Ruth Wood
- Newcastle Clinical Trials Unit, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Janet A Wilson
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Wilson JA, Stocken DD, Watson GC, Fouweather T, McGlashan J, MacKenzie K, Carding P, Karagama Y, Harries M, Ball S, Khwaja S, Costello D, Wood R, Lecouturier J, O'Hara J. Lansoprazole for persistent throat symptoms in secondary care: the TOPPITS RCT. Health Technol Assess 2021; 25:1-118. [PMID: 33492208 PMCID: PMC7869007 DOI: 10.3310/hta25030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistent throat symptoms are commonly attributed to 'laryngopharyngeal reflux'. Despite a limited evidence base, these symptoms are increasingly being treated in primary care with proton pump inhibitors. OBJECTIVE To assess the value of proton pump inhibitor therapy in patients with persistent throat symptoms. DESIGN This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised Phase III trial. SETTING This was a multicentre UK trial in eight UK ear, nose and throat departments. PARTICIPANTS A total of 346 participants aged ≥ 18 years with persistent throat symptoms and a Reflux Symptom Index score of ≥ 10, exclusive of the dyspepsia item, were recruited. INTERVENTION Random allocation (1 : 1 ratio) to either 30 mg of lansoprazole twice daily or matched placebo for 16 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Symptomatic response (i.e. total Reflux Symptom Index score after 16 weeks of therapy). RESULTS A total of 1427 patients were screened and 346 were randomised. The mean age was 52 years (standard deviation 13.7 years, range 20-84 years); 150 (43%) participants were male and 196 (57%) were female; 184 (53%) participants had a mild Reflux Symptom Index minus the heartburn/dyspepsia item and 162 (47%) had a severe Reflux Symptom Index minus the heartburn/dyspepsia item. A total of 172 patients were randomised to lansoprazole and 174 were randomised to placebo. MAIN OUTCOMES A total of 267 participants completed the primary end-point visit (lansoprazole, n = 127; placebo, n = 140), of whom 220 did so between 14 and 20 weeks post randomisation ('compliant' group); 102 received lansoprazole and 118 received placebo. The mean Reflux Symptom Index scores at baseline were similar [lansoprazole 22.0 (standard deviation 8.0), placebo 21.7 (standard deviation 7.1), overall 21.9 (standard deviation 7.5)]. The mean Reflux Symptom Index scores at 16 weeks reduced from baseline in both groups [overall 17.4 (standard deviation 9.9), lansoprazole 17.4 (standard deviation 9.9), placebo 15.6 (standard deviation 9.8)]. Lansoprazole participants had estimated Reflux Symptom Index scores at 16 weeks that were 1.9 points higher (worse) than those of placebo participants (95% confidence interval -0.3 to 4.2; padj = 0.096), adjusted for site and baseline severity. SECONDARY OUTCOMES Ninety-five (43%) participants achieved a Reflux Symptom Index score in the normal range (< 12) at 16 weeks: 42 (41%) in the lansoprazole group and 53 (45%) in the placebo group. A total of 226 participants completed the end-of-trial follow-up visit (lansoprazole, n = 109; placebo, n = 117), of whom 181 were 'compliant'. The mean Reflux Symptom Index scores at 12 months reduced from baseline in both groups [lansoprazole 16.0 (standard deviation 10.8), placebo 13.6 (standard deviation 9.6), overall 14.7 (standard deviation 10.2)]. A total of 87 (48%) participants achieved a Reflux Symptom Index score in the normal range at 12 months: 33 (40%) in the lansoprazole group and 54 (55%) in the placebo group. Likewise, the Comprehensive Reflux Symptom Score and Laryngopharyngeal Reflux - Health Related Quality of Life total scores and subscales all showed very similar changes in the lansoprazole and placebo cohorts at both 16 weeks and 12 months. LIMITATIONS Drop-out rate and compliance are issues in pragmatic clinical trials. The Trial Of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Throat Symptoms (TOPPITS) aimed to detect clinically relevant difference with 90% power. The 346 randomised participants reduced to 283 at the primary end point; 267 completed the primary outcome measure, 220 within the protocol time scale. Despite this, the powers to detect the clinically relevant difference in Reflux Symptom Index score at 16 weeks were 82% (compliant comparison) and 89% (pragmatic comparison). The lack of difference between lansoprazole and placebo is generalisable across NHS clinics. CONCLUSIONS Participants on lansoprazole did not report significantly better outcomes than participants on placebo on any of the three patient-reported outcome tools (Reflux Symptom Index, Comprehensive Reflux Symptom Score and Laryngopharyngeal Reflux - Health Related Quality of Life). This multicentre, pragmatic, powered, definitive Phase III trial found no evidence of benefit for patients by treating persistent throat symptoms with lansoprazole. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN38578686 and EudraCT number 2013-004249-17. FUNDING This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 25, No. 3. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet A Wilson
- Ear, Nose and Throat Department, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Deborah D Stocken
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Gillian C Watson
- Newcastle Clinical Trials Unit, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Tony Fouweather
- Biostatistics Research Group, Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Julian McGlashan
- Ear, Nose and Throat Department, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kenneth MacKenzie
- Ear, Nose and Throat Department, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Paul Carding
- Oxford Institute of Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Research, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Yakubu Karagama
- Ear, Nose and Throat Department, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Meredydd Harries
- Ear, Nose and Throat Department, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
| | - Stephen Ball
- Ear, Nose and Throat Department, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland, UK
| | - Sadie Khwaja
- Ear, Nose and Throat Department, Stockport NHS Foundation Trust, Stockport, UK
| | - Declan Costello
- Ear, Nose and Throat Department, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ruth Wood
- Newcastle Clinical Trials Unit, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jan Lecouturier
- Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - James O'Hara
- Ear, Nose and Throat Department, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Watters CTM, Miller B, Karagama Y. Laryngeal mucous membrane pemphigoid: transnasal laryngoscopy to highlight a severe case. BMJ Case Rep 2020; 13:13/12/e239298. [PMID: 33334770 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-239298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Benjamin Miller
- Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Trust, London, London, UK
| | - Yakubu Karagama
- Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Trust, London, London, UK
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Watson NA, Miller BJ, Siddiqui Z, Karagama Y, Gibbins N. The Therapeutic Use of Botulinum Toxin Injections for Conditions Affecting the Head and Neck. Curr Otorhinolaryngol Rep 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40136-020-00305-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Miller BJ, Abdelhamid A, Karagama Y. Applications of Office-Based 445 nm Blue Laser Transnasal Flexible Laser Surgery: A Case Series and Review of Practice. Ear Nose Throat J 2020; 100:105S-112S. [PMID: 32970490 DOI: 10.1177/0145561320960544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recent introduction of 445 nm blue laser to office-based laryngology presents potential advantages. These include a desirable combination of cutting and photoangiolytic qualities and a lightweight, shock-resistant design. Despite its increasing use, current evidence is limited to experimental data and case reports. OBJECTIVES The authors present a case series and overview of office blue laser transnasal flexible laser surgery (TNFLS), considering indications, patient selection, safety, technique, and surgical outcomes. We also review the safety and relevance of TNFLS to the ongoing coronavirus pandemic. METHODS Retrospective case series and narrative review. Our primary outcome measure was preoperative and postoperative Voice Handicap Index (VHI-10) score. Complications were documented by nature and severity. RESULTS Thirty-six cases of office blue laser TNFLS were performed. A statistically significant improvement in VHI-10 score was demonstrated in cases of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) and benign laryngeal lesions causing dysphonia (P < 0.01 and 0.045). Blue laser also proved effective in assisting office biopsy procedures. A minor and self-limiting complication was reported. CONCLUSIONS Office blue laser TNFLS is safe and effective in the treatment of RRP and a range of benign laryngeal lesions. Future research should compare the efficacy and safety of blue laser with potassium titanyl phosphate laser in office-based treatment of these conditions. Further assessment of the cutting qualities of blue laser, initially in the theater environment, is necessary to refine our understanding of future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin John Miller
- ENT Department, 8945Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amr Abdelhamid
- ENT Department, 5293Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Yakubu Karagama
- ENT Department, 8945Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Rovira A, Dawson D, Walker A, Tornari C, Dinham A, Foden N, Surda P, Archer S, Lonsdale D, Ball J, Ofo E, Karagama Y, Odutoye T, Little S, Simo R, Arora A. Tracheostomy care and decannulation during the COVID-19 pandemic. A multidisciplinary clinical practice guideline. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 278:313-321. [PMID: 32556788 PMCID: PMC7299456 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-020-06126-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Traditional critical care dogma regarding the benefits of early tracheostomy during invasive ventilation has had to be revisited due to the risk of COVID-19 to patients and healthcare staff. Standard practises that have evolved to minimise the risks associated with tracheostomy must be comprehensively reviewed in light of the numerous potential episodes for aerosol generating procedures. We meet the urgent need for safe practise standards by presenting the experience of two major London teaching hospitals, and synthesise our findings into an evidence-based guideline for multidisciplinary care of the tracheostomy patient. Methods This is a narrative review presenting the extensive experience of over 120 patients with tracheostomy, with a pragmatic analysis of currently available evidence for safe tracheostomy care in COVID-19 patients. Results Tracheostomy care involves many potentially aerosol generating procedures which may pose a risk of viral transmission to staff and patients. We make a series of recommendations to ameliorate this risk through infection control strategies, equipment modification, and individualised decannulation protocols. In addition, we discuss the multidisciplinary collaboration that is absolutely fundamental to safe and effective practise. Conclusion COVID-19 requires a radical rethink of many tenets of tracheostomy care, and controversy continues to exist regarding the optimal techniques to minimise risk to patients and healthcare workers. Safe practise requires a coordinated multidisciplinary team approach to infection control, weaning and decannulation, with integrated processes for continuous prospective data collection and audit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleix Rovira
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, St George's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Deborah Dawson
- Department of Critical Care, St George's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Abigail Walker
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Lewisham, London, UK
| | - Chrysostomos Tornari
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, St George's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Alison Dinham
- Department of Physiotherapy, Guy's and St Thomas Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Neil Foden
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, St George's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Pavol Surda
- Department of Otorhinolayngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sally Archer
- Speech and Language Therapy Department, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Dagan Lonsdale
- Critical Care Unit, St George's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Jonathan Ball
- Critical Care Unit, St George's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Enyi Ofo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, St George's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Yakubu Karagama
- Department of Otorhinolayngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Tunde Odutoye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, St George's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sarah Little
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, St George's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ricard Simo
- Department of Otorhinolayngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Asit Arora
- Department of Otorhinolayngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Abstract
Pott's puffy tumour (PPT) is a known complication of frontal sinusitis. It is defined as subperiosteal abscess formation due to osteomyelitis of the frontal bone presenting as a forehead swelling. It is a life-threatening condition that can lead to intracranial and intraorbital complications. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI and contrast CT scan are the best modalities to localise and define the collection, in addition to confirming disease extension. Once confirmed by imaging and depending on disease extension, management of PPT requires a multidisciplinary team approach and depends on the local provision of surgical care. Following surgical drainage of the abscess cavity, a prolonged course of antibiotics is required postoperatively to treat the underlying osteomyelitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Linton
- ENT, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - Alexander Pearman
- ENT, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - Varajini Joganathan
- Oculoplastics, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Education and Training, Manchester, UK
| | - Yakubu Karagama
- ENT, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, Greater Manchester, UK
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Blackshaw H, Carding P, Jepson M, Mat Baki M, Ambler G, Schilder A, Morris S, Degun A, Yu R, Husbands S, Knowles H, Walton C, Karagama Y, Heathcote K, Birchall M. Does laryngeal reinnervation or type I thyroplasty give better voice results for patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis (VOCALIST): study protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e016871. [PMID: 28965097 PMCID: PMC5640104 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A functioning voice is essential for normal human communication. A good voice requires two moving vocal folds; if one fold is paralysed (unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP)) people suffer from a breathy, weak voice that tires easily and is unable to function normally. UVFP can also result in choking and breathlessness. Current treatment for adults with UVFP is speech therapy to stimulate recovery of vocal fold (VF) motion or function and/or injection of the paralysed VF with a material to move it into a more favourable position for the functioning VF to close against. When these therapies are unsuccessful, or only provide temporary relief, surgery is offered. Two available surgical techniques are: (1) surgical medialisation; placing an implant near the paralysed VF to move it to the middle (thyroplasty) and/or repositioning the cartilage (arytenoid adduction) or (2) restoring the nerve supply to the VF (laryngeal reinnervation). Currently there is limited evidence to determine which surgery should be offered to adults with UVFP. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A feasibility study to test the practicality of running a multicentre, randomised clinical trial of surgery for UVFP, including: (1) a qualitative study to understand the recruitment process and how it operates in clinical centres and (2) a small randomised trial of 30 participants recruited at 3 UK sites comparing non-selective laryngeal reinnervation to type I thyroplasty. Participants will be followed up for 12 months. The primary outcome focuses on recruitment and retention, with secondary outcomes covering voice, swallowing and quality of life. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval was received from National Research Ethics Service-Committee Bromley (reference 11/LO/0583). In addition to dissemination of results through presentation and publication of peer-reviewed articles, results will be shared with key clinician and patient groups required to develop the future large-scale randomised controlled trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN90201732; 16 December 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Carding
- School of Allied Health, Australian National Catholic University, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marcus Jepson
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Marina Mat Baki
- Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Gareth Ambler
- Statistical Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anne Schilder
- Ear Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stephen Morris
- Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Aneeka Degun
- Ear Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rosamund Yu
- UCL Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Samantha Husbands
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Helen Knowles
- Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Chloe Walton
- School of Allied Health, Australian National Catholic University, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yakubu Karagama
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK
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18
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Abstract
Bilateral neck swelling in patients following valsalva manouveres could lead to a diagnosis of either a pharyngocele or laryngocele. Distinguishing between them can be complicated but is vital given the possibility for an acute airway in patients with laryngoceles. A 20-year-old trumpet player presents with a 5-year history of neck swelling. Clinical suspicion is that of a pharyngocele but imaging introduces some confusion with the diagnosis. Both pharyngoceles and laryngoceles can occur as a result of prolonged positive pressure. Accurate assessment with fibreoptic examination and imaging is needed to confirm the diagnosis. Pharyngoceles are often misdiagnosed as laryngoceles. Though treatment is similar between the two patient groups it is vital that a distinction is made to enable careful observation of the airway in patients with laryngoceles.
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Heathcote K, Birchall M, Karagama Y, Marie JP. Reprint of: Laryngeal reinnervation in the treatment of unilateral and bilateral vocal cord palsy: Introducing these techniques into the UK. Eur J Surg Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2014.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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20
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Heathcote K, Birchall M, Karagama Y, Marie JP. Laryngeal reinnervation in the treatment of unilateral and bilateral vocal cord palsy: Introducing these techniques into the UK. Eur J Surg Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2014.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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21
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Killick N, Robinson J, Karagama Y. An isolated mid-facial swelling: a cause for an otolaryngology referral? Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2014; 75:112-3. [PMID: 24521811 DOI: 10.12968/hmed.2014.75.2.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neil Killick
- Clinical Research Fellow in the Department of Otolaryngology, Tameside General Hospital, Ashton Under Lyne
| | - Jayne Robinson
- Core Trainee Year 1 in the Department of Otolaryngology, Tameside General Hospital, Ashton Under Lyne
| | - Yakubu Karagama
- Consultant Otolaryngologist/Head and Neck Surgeon in the Otolaryngology Department, Tameside Hospital, Ashton Under Lyne and Honorary Senior Lecturer, University of Manchester, Manchester
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22
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Edmiston R, Karagama Y. Chin lift: a simple but effective novel method of fibreoptic laryngoscopy in the clinic. Clin Otolaryngol 2013; 38:445-7. [PMID: 24165493 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Edmiston
- Tameside Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
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23
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Killick N, Robinson J, Karagama Y, Penney S. IJS case report 2nd prize: Unusual presentation of glomus jugulare tumour: A case report and literature review. Int J Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2013.06.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Phua CQ, Chan J, Mahalingappa Y, Bhalla RK, Rashid M, Karagama Y. An Audit of Adherence to SIGN Guidelines for Tonsillectomies: Completion of Third Cycle. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/0194599811415823a37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective: It is important to ensure that our listing practice for tonsillectomy is in keeping with the best evidence available, as stated by the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN). We audited the accuracy of documentation of the SIGN guideline indications for tonsillectomies to ensure appropriate listing of such patients. Method: Medical notes of patients with recurrent tonsillitis presenting to our department were reviewed retrospectively to check for documentation of the SIGN indication for tonsillectomy. Three audit cycles were carried out, each over a 3-month period. Results: Prior to intervention, only 51% (25/51) patients undergoing tonsillectomy had documented evidence of adherence to SIGN guidelines for surgery. Interventions following the first audit cycle included presentation of audit findings, introduction of guideline templates for doctors to complete, and recruitment of medical secretaries to return the notes to doctors if documentation was incomplete. Postintervention, audit cycles 2 and 3 showed respectively 100% (30/30), and 92% (36/39) of patients had documented evidence of adherence. Conclusion: The introduction of a simplistic model of intervention as above improved the local adherence to SIGN guidance for tonsillectomy and translated to safe and better care for patients. This model is easily replicable and can be used in other ENT departments to improve patient care.
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25
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Phua CQ, Mahalingappa Y, Karagama Y. Audit of Flexible Nasoendoscope Decontamination: Clinical Efficacy and Cost Effectiveness. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/0194599811415823a40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective: There are various methods available for flexible nasoendoscope decontamination. Department of Health, United Kingdom, advocates the use of an automated washer, as it has the advantage of reducing errors resulting from variability of human practice. We aim to compare the efficacy and cost effectiveness of chlorine dioxide wipes versus the automated washer. Method: The tip of a flexible nasoendoscope is immersed into a Staphylococcus epidermidis culture, with bacteriological swabs taken from the tip before immersion and after the process of decontamination with either chlorine dioxide wipes or automated wash. Bacteriological swabs are then checked for growth of STE. Cost calculation is performed. Results: Postdecontamination, samples from chlorine dioxide wipes showed 2% (1 out of 50 swabs) growth of STE as opposed to 28% (14/50) from the automated wash. P = .00. On a 10-year cost calculation, the automated wash had a lower cost. Conclusion: From the study, wipes are more efficacious in decontamination compared with the washer. However, the automated washer costs less. Further studies should also be performed on real patients to check the significance of improper decontamination and the actual risk of disease transmission.
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26
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Phua CQ, Mahalingappa Y, Karagama Y. Audit of flexible nasoendoscope decontamination – Clinical efficacy and cost effectiveness. Int J Surg 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2011.07.428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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27
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Mahalingappa YB, Phua C, Karagama Y. Examination under anaesthesia of post-nasal space +/- adenoidectomy in children. Int J Surg 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2011.07.411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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28
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Karagama Y, Hurren A, Carding P, Lindsey L. Short-term voice quality results following percutaneous medialisation of the paralysed vocal cord under local anaesthesia using calcium hydroxyapatite gel: how we do it. Clin Otolaryngol 2008; 33:362-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-4486.2008.01690.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Doshi J, Karagama Y, Buckley D, Johnson I. Observational study of bone-anchored hearing aid infection rates using different post-operative dressings. J Laryngol Otol 2006; 120:842-4. [PMID: 16709268 DOI: 10.1017/s0022215106001435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2005] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Avoidance of infection at the implant site is a crucial element to the success of bone-anchored hearing aid (BAHA) implantation. However, little evidence exists to suggest the best post-operative wound dressing to use.Material and methods: We report our experience with 160 consecutive BAHA patients, using four types of post-operative BAHA wound dressing (Tri-adcortyl®, Mepitel®, Allevyn®, and Acticoat 7® with Allevyn). Patients were reviewed at week one and week two post-operatively. Infection was defined as a positive wound swab culture or evidence of cellulitis at the BAHA site.Results: Post-operative BAHA infection rates were 16 per cent, 50 per cent, 10 per cent and 5 per cent, for each of the four dressings respectively, and the mean number of additional visits to wound care clinic were 1.5, 3.7, one and 0.4, respectively.Discussion: Acticoat 7 with Allevyn produced the lowest infection rate and thus became the dressing of choice for our BAHA programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Doshi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
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30
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Karkos PD, Karagama Y, Karkanevatos A, Srinivasan V. Recurrent periorbital cellulitis in a child. A random event or an underlying anatomical abnormality? Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2004; 68:1529-32. [PMID: 15533566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2004.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2004] [Revised: 06/11/2004] [Accepted: 06/25/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We present a case of recurrent periorbital cellulitis in a child. From the age of 2 years the child was admitted with periorbital cellulitis a total of six times with the first five episodes responding to conservative management with intravenous antibiotics. On the sixth admission endoscopic surgical treatment was carried out. Two abnormalities were noted: an anatomically abnormal uncinate process and an isolated abscess in an ethmoidal cell. It is believed that the abnormal uncinate process caused obstruction of the osteomeatal area, predisposing to recurrent peri-orbital cellulitis. We discuss the importance of early imaging and surgery in recurrent periorbital cellulitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P D Karkos
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
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31
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Abstract
Several nasendoscopic techniques have been described to improve the view of different anatomical subsites when assessing the laryngopharynx. A prospective study was undertaken to compare and evaluate the views obtained with each of the different techniques employed in the nasendoscopic examination of the upper aero-digestive tract. No visualization manoeuvres were found to be beneficial in improving the view of the tongue base; however, tongue protrusion did improve the view of the valleculae. Both the post-cricoid and the upper oesophageal sphincter were best seen when the trumpet manoeuvre was performed along with skin traction of the anterior neck. Pyriform apices were best viewed when the trumpet manoeuvre was coupled with head turn - a manoeuvre we believe not to have been recorded in the literature previously with respect to this topic. The authors present a systematic routine for examining the upper aero-digestive tract by nasendoscope on the basis of obtaining the best view for each anatomical subsite.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Williams
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Arrowe Park Hospital NHS Trust, Wirral, UK.
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32
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Barclay GA, Giridharan W, Guntis E, Karagama Y, Williams RS. Upper airway obstruction resulting from an antiemetic. Int J Clin Pract 2002; 56:814-5. [PMID: 12510957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Stridor and stertor can both be the cause of medical and surgical emergencies. The management of these conditions is largely dependent upon the underlying aetiology. This case report describes dystonia following prochlorperazine resulting in stridor and stertor.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Barclay
- Department of Otolaryngology, Arrowe Park Hospital, Wirral, Merseyside, UK
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