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Yang CX, Pan YX, Ye F, Zhu XD, Xue J, Li X, Yuan ZG, Zhang L, Xu L, Chen YJ, Wang NY, Sun HC, Liu XF. The pattern of tumor progression on first-line immune checkpoint inhibitor-based systemic therapy for Chinese advanced hepatocellular carcinoma -CLEAP 004 study. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1310239. [PMID: 38711515 PMCID: PMC11070461 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1310239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background For decades, stratification criteria for first-line clinical studies have been highly uniform. However, there is no principle or consensus for restratification after systemic treatment progression based on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The aim of this study was to assess the patterns of disease progression in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are not eligible for surgical intervention, following the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Methods This is a retrospective study that involved patients with inoperable China liver stage (CNLC) IIIa and/or IIIb. The patients were treated at eight centers across China between January 2017 and October 2022. All patients received at least two cycles of first-line treatment containing immune checkpoint inhibitors. The patterns of disease progression were assessed using RECIST criteria 1.1. Different progression modes have been identified based on the characteristics of imaging progress. The study's main outcome measures were post-progression survival (PPS) and overall survival (OS). Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method to compare the difference among the four groups. Subgroup analysis was conducted to compare the efficacy of different immunotherapy combinations. Variations in the efficacy of immunotherapy have also been noted across patient groups exhibiting alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels equal to or exceeding 400ng/mL, in contrast to those with AFP levels below 400ng/mL. Results The study has identified four distinct patterns of progress, namely p-IIb, p-IIIa, p-IIIb, and p-IIIc. Diverse patterns of progress demonstrate notable variations in both PPS and OS. The group p-IIb had the longest PPS of 12.7m (95% 9.3-16.1) and OS 19.6m (95% 15.6-23.5), the remaining groups exhibited p-IIIb at PPS 10.5 months (95%CI: 7.9-13.1) and OS 19.2 months (95%CI 15.1-23.3). Similarly, p-IIIc at PPS 5.7 months (95%CI: 4.2-7.2) and OS 11.0 months (95%CI 9.0-12.9), while p-IIIa at PPS 3.4 months (95%CI: 2.7-4.1) and OS 8.2 months (95%CI 6.8-9.5) were also seen. Additional stratified analysis was conducted and showed there were no differences of immunotherapy alone or in combination in OS (HR= 0.92, 95%CI: 0.59-1.43, P=0.68) and PPS (HR= 0.88, 95%CI: 0.57-1.36, P=0.54); there was no significant difference in PPS (HR=0.79, 95% CI: 0.55-1.12, P=0.15) and OS (HR=0.86, 95% CI: 0.61-1.24, P=0.39) for patients with AFP levels at or over 400ng/mL. However, it was observed that patients with AFP levels above 400ng/mL experienced a shorter median progression of PPS (8.0 months vs. 5.0 months) after undergoing immunotherapy. Conclusion In this investigation of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma among Chinese patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors, we identified four distinct progression patterns (p-IIb, p-IIIa, p-IIIb and p-IIIc) that showed significant differences in PPS and OS. These findings demonstrate the heterogeneity of disease progression and prognosis after immunotherapy failure. Further validation in large cohorts is necessary to develop prognostic models that integrate distinct progression patterns to guide subsequent treatment decisions. Additionally, post-immunotherapy progression in patients with AFP levels ≥400ng/mL indicates a shortened median PPS. These findings provide valuable insights for future personalized treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Xu Yang
- Medical Oncology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang-Xun Pan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Xue
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xi Li
- Oncology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhen-Gang Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Navy Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Jun Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan-Ya Wang
- Oncology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hui-Chuan Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiu-Feng Liu
- Medical Oncology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China
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Gan YX, Yang ZL, Pan YX, Ou-Yang LY, Tang YH, Zhang YJ, Chen MS, Xu L. Change of indocyanine green clearance ability and liver function after transcatheter intraarterial therapies and its impact on outcomes of resectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study. Int J Surg 2024:01279778-990000000-01080. [PMID: 38363991 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000001156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indocyanine green (ICG) clearance test is a classical measurement of hepatic reserve, which involves surgical safety and patient recovery of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aim to compare effects of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) on liver function and outcomes of subsequent hepatectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS HCC patients receiving HAIC/TACE in SYSUCC with repeated ICG clearance tests were retrospectively enrolled. ICG eliminating rate (ICG-K), ICG retention rate at 15-minutes (ICG-R15) and ordinary laboratory tests were collected. Peri-therapeutic changes of values were compared between the groups. Propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability of treatment weighing (IPTW) were employed to validate findings. Post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF), overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were analyzed in patients with subsequent curative hepatectomy. RESULTS 204 patients treated with HAIC (n=130) and TACE (n=74) were included. ΔICG-R15 was greater in the HAIC arm before matching (mean, 3.8% vs. 0.7%, P<0.001), after PSM (mean, 4.7% vs. 1.1%, P=0.014) and IPTW (mean, 2.0% vs. -3.6%, P<0.001). No difference was found for ΔALB, ΔALBI, ΔTBIL, ΔALT, ΔAST and ΔPT-INR. Multivariable analyses revealed elder age, cirrhosis, HAIC, greater ΔTBIL and ΔALBI were associated with deteriorating ICG-R15. Among those (105 for HAIC and 48 for TACE) receiving hepatectomy, occurrence of grade B/C PHLF (4.8% vs. 8.3%, P=0.616), OS (median, unreached vs. unreached, P=0.94) and RFS (median, 26.7 vs. 17.1 mo, P=0.096) were comparable between the two arms. In subgroup analyses, preoperative HAIC yield superior RFS (median, 26.7 vs. 16.2 mo, P=0.042) in patients with baseline ICG-R15≤10%. CONCLUSION Preoperative FOLFOX-HAIC caused apparent impairment of ICG clearance ability than TACE yet comparable impact on liver function and post-hepatectomy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xiang Gan
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Liang Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Yang-Xun Pan
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Li-Ying Ou-Yang
- Intensive Care Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Hao Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yao-Jun Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Min-Shan Chen
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
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Cui YP, Shi XD, Liu J, Mi C, Wang B, Pan YX, Lin YF. [Percutaneous pedicle screw fixation combined expandable tubular retractor in the treatment of spinal metastases]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2023; 55:530-536. [PMID: 37291930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effectiveness of percutaneous pedicle screw fixation combined expandable tubular retractor in the treatment of patients with spinal metastases. METHODS In the study, 12 patients of spinal metastases treated with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation combined expandable tubular retractor in our hospital were retrospectively reviewed between June 2017 and October 2019. Among the 12 patients, 9 were males and 3 were females; the median age was 62.5 years [(65.1±2.9) years]. The decompression segment of 7 patients was located at the lower thoracic spine (including 1 patient with incomplete paraplegia) and the decompression segment of 5 patients was located at the lumbar spine; Tomita score was 6.0±0.6. Perioperative data of the patients were reviewed. Visual analog scale (VAS score), Karnofsky score, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score were compared before and after surgery. The patient's survival, adjuvant treatment, and internal fixation failure were observed in the follow-up period. RESULTS All the 12 patients had a successful operation with percuta-neous pedicle screw fixation combined expandable tubular retractor. The average operative time, blood loss, and blood transfused of the patients were (247.0±14.6) min, (804.2±222.3) mL and (500.0±100.0) mL, respectively. The average amount of drainage was (240.8±79.3) mL. Drainage tubes were pulled out early postoperative [(3.2±0.3) d], allowing early mobilization. The patients discharged (7.8±0.8) d postoperative. All the patients were followed up for 6-30 months, and the average overall survival time was (13.6±2.4) months. During the follow-up period, 2 patients experienced screw displacement, the internal fixation was stable after conservative treatment and no revision surgery was performed. The VAS of the patients was 7.1±0.2 before surgery, which decreased to 2.3±0.1 and 2.8±0.4 at 3 and 6 months after surgery (P < 0.05). The Karnofsky score of the patients was 59.2±1.9 before surgery, which increased to 75.0±1.9 and 74.2±3.1 at 3 and 6 months after surgery (P < 0.05). The ECOG of the patients was 2.3±0.2 before surgery, which decreased to 1.7±0.1 and 1.7±0.2 at 3 and 6 months after surgery (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION For selected patients with spinal metastases, minimally invasive surgical treatment of spinal metastases (percutaneous pedicle screw internal fixation combined with expandable tubular retractor) can effectively relieve the clinical symptoms and improve the quality of life, with satisfactory clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y P Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - X D Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - C Mi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - B Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Y X Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Y F Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
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Pan YX, Sun XQ, Hu ZL, Xie W, Nie KX, Fang AP, Zhang YY, Fu YZ, Chen JB, Wang JC, Wang X, Zhang YJ, Hu DD, Chen MS. Prognostic Values of Alpha-Fetoprotein and Des-Gamma-Carboxyprothrombin in Hepatocellular Carcinoma in China: An Analysis of 4792 Patients. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2021; 8:657-670. [PMID: 34235104 PMCID: PMC8243598 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s316223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The importance of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin (DCP) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been studied extensively in Japan, where hepatitis C virus is the predominant aetiology of HCC. The clinical profiles of HCC regarding the state of AFP and DCP in a hepatitis B virus epidemic area have not been comprehensively investigated, and the value of these tumour markers in evaluating the response to treatment and the detection of recurrence has yet to be determined. Patients and Methods A total of 4792 patients treated in our centre were continuously analysed regarding accessible AFP and DCP data pre- and posttreatment. Baseline characteristics were summarized, and comparisons of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were made independently. The prognostic significance of each factor was tested with the Cox proportional hazards model. Patients who had AFP and DCP data pretreatment, pre- and posttreatment, and those who were continuously monitored more than twice were analysed separately. Results A total of 2600 patients (53.4%) were positive for AFP and DCP; 362 (7.6%) and 1211 (25.3%) patients were AFP- or DCP-positive, respectively, and 619 patients (12.9%) were negative for both AFP and DCP. Patients in the AFP single-positive or double-negative groups had the best OS (P<0.001). Patients with less than 50% responses in AFP and DCP after treatments suffered from worse prognostic survival (P<0.001). In the multivariate analysis, elevated AFP and DCP were identified as independent prognostic factors of PFS and OS. In addition, different tumour markers were related to different clinical and pathological traits. Conclusion The present study comprehensively explored the clinical value of classical tumour markers for HCC using the “point-to-line” method. Positivity of pretreatment AFP and DCP or less than 50% treatment response rates exhibited more aggressive HCC, resulting in poor PFS and OS in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Xun Pan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 17165, Sweden
| | - Xu-Qi Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Li Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wa Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Xin Nie
- Real World Study Team, BaseBit.ai, Shanghai, 200050, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Ping Fang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Yao Zhang
- Real World Study Team, BaseBit.ai, Shanghai, 200050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Zhen Fu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Bin Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Cheng Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao-Jun Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Dan Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Min-Shan Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, People's Republic of China
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Pan YX, Fu YZ, Hu DD, Long Q, Wang JC, Xi M, Liu SL, Xu L, Liu MZ, Chen MS, Zhang YJ. Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy vs. Radiofrequency Ablation in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1639. [PMID: 33194569 PMCID: PMC7658324 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Both stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) are effective local treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but whether RFA is superior to SBRT is still controversial. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to compare the treatment outcomes of SBRT with RFA as curable or bridge intention. Methods: We searched online databases for studies that compared treatment outcomes for SBRT and RFA. Eligibility criteria included evaluation of local control, overall survival (OS), transplant rate, and post-transplant pathological necrosis. Results: As no randomized clinical trials met the criteria, 10 retrospective studies with a total of 2,732 patients were included. Two studies were in favor of SBRT in local control, two studies preferred RFA in OS, and others reported comparable outcomes for both. SBRT demonstrated significantly higher 1- and 3-year local control than RFA [odds ratio (OR) 0.42, 95% CI 0.24-0.74, P = 0.003; and OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.37-0.80, P = 0.002, respectively]. However, SBRT reported significantly shorter 1- and 2-year OS (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.21-1.90, P = 0.0003; and OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.38-2.01, P < 0.00001, respectively). As bridge treatment, no significant difference was shown in transplant rate and post-transplant pathological necrosis rate (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.32-1.03, P = 0.060; and OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.13-1.82, P = 0.290, respectively). Conclusions: This study demonstrates SBRT is able to complete a better local control for HCC than RFA, though the OS is inferior to RFA because of tumor burden or liver profiles of the enrolled studies. Well-designed, randomized, multicenter trials will be required to further investigate the conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Xun Pan
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yi-Zhen Fu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan-Dan Hu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Long
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Cheng Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mian Xi
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Liang Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Xu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Zhong Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min-Shan Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao-Jun Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Zhou ZG, Chen JB, Zhang RX, Ye L, Wang JC, Pan YX, Wang XH, Li WX, Zhang YJ, Xu L, Chen MS. Tescalcin is an unfavorable prognosis factor that regulats cell proliferation and survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2020; 40:355-369. [PMID: 32609436 PMCID: PMC7427307 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health problem and a primary cause of cancer‐related death worldwide. Although great advances have achieved recently by large‐scale high‐throughput analysis, the precise molecular mechanism underlying HCC progression remains to be clearly elucidated. We investigated the relationship between Tescalcin (TESC), a candidate oncogene, and clinicopathological features of HCC patients and explored the role of TECS in HCC development. Methods To identify new genes involved in HCC development, we analyzed The Cancer Genome Atlas liver cancer database, and TESC was selected for further investigation. HCC tissue microarray analysis for TESC and its association with clinicopathological features were performed to investigate its clinical significance. TESC was knocked down by using short‐hairpin RNAs. Cell proliferation was analyzed by WST‐1 assay and cell counting. Cell apoptosis was tested by fluorescence‐activated cell sorting. A subcutaneous xenograft tumor model in nude mice was established to determine the in vivo function of TESC. Affymetrix microarray was used to identify its molecular mechanism. Results TESC was significantly increased in HCC tissues compared with the adjacent normal liver tissues. High expression of TESC was detected in 61 of 172 HCC patients by tissue microarray. Large tumor (> 5 cm) and elevated total bilirubin were associated with high TESC expression (both P < 0.050). In multivariate analysis, TESC was identified as an independent prognostic factor for short overall survival of HCC patients. TESC knockdown impaired HCC cell growth in vitro and in vivo. TESC knockdown significantly increased cell apoptosis in HCC cell lines. Furthermore, Affymetrix microarray analysis revealed that TESC knockdown inhibited tumor proliferation‐related pathways while activated cell death‐related pathways. Conclusion TESC was identified as an independent prognostic factor for short overall survival of HCC patients, and was critical for HCC cell proliferation and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Guo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Bin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Rong-Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.,Department of Colorectal Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Ling Ye
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Yang-Xun Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Yao-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Min-Shan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
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Pan YX, Wang JC, Lu XY, Chen JB, He W, Chen JC, Wang XH, Fu YZ, Xu L, Zhang YJ, Chen MS, Lai RC, Zhou ZG. Intention to control low central venous pressure reduced blood loss during laparoscopic hepatectomy: A double-blind randomized clinical trial. Surgery 2020; 167:933-941. [DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Chen JC, Wang JC, Pan YX, Yi MJ, Chen JB, Wang XH, Fu YZ, Zhang YJ, Xu L, Chen MS, Zhang RX, Zhou ZG. Preventive effect of celecoxib in sorafenib-related hand-foot syndrome in hepatocellular carcinoma patients, a single-center, open-label, randomized, controlled clinical phase III trial. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:1467-1476. [PMID: 32509392 PMCID: PMC7269790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin toxicity, especially hand-foot syndrome (HFS), is one of the most common sorafenib-induced adverse events (AEs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, leading to treatment interruption and failure. Mucocutaneous inflammation may cause HFS; therefore, we investigated whether celecoxib can alleviate HFS, improve patients' quality of life and increase survival when administered in conjunction with active therapy. Our randomized, open-label study prospectively enrolled 116 advanced HCC patients receiving sorafenib as targeted therapy from July 2015 to July 2016. All patients were randomly assigned (1:1) via a computer-generated sequence to receive sorafenib with or without celecoxib. Sorafenib-related AEs were recorded, Survival was compared between the two groups. Compared to the Sorafenib group, the SoraCele group had lower incidence rates of ≥ grade 2 and grade 3 HFS (63.8% vs 29.3%, P < 0.001; 19.0% vs 3.4%, P = 0.008, respectively), hair loss, rash and abdominal pain. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a lower risk of ≥ grade 2 HFS (HR, 0.384; P = 0.002) and a lower dose reduction/interruption rate (46.6% to 15.5%, P < 0.001) in the SoraCele group. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis demonstrated that celecoxib was the only independent predictive factor of developing ≥ grade 2 HFS (HR, 0.414; P = 0.004). Longer progression-free survival (PFS) was also observed in the SoraCele group (P = 0.039), although overall survival was not prolonged (P = 0.305). These results suggest that sorafenib + Celecoxib administration alleviated sorafenib-related skin toxicity. Longer PFS was achieved in clinical practice, although overall survival was not prolonged (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02961998).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Cong Chen
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou, P. R. China
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Cheng Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou, P. R. China
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yang-Xun Pan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou, P. R. China
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Min-Jiang Yi
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou, P. R. China
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Bin Chen
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou, P. R. China
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Hui Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou, P. R. China
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Zhen Fu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou, P. R. China
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yao-Jun Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou, P. R. China
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou, P. R. China
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Min-Shan Chen
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou, P. R. China
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Rong-Xin Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhou, P. R. China
- Department of Colorectal Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Guo Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou, P. R. China
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhou, P. R. China
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Pan YX, Long Q, Yi MJ, Chen JB, Chen JC, Zhang YJ, Xu L, Chen MS, Zhou ZG. Radiofrequency ablation versus laparoscopic hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma: A real world single center study. Eur J Surg Oncol 2019; 46:548-559. [PMID: 31677940 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2019.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH) are minimally invasive approach for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at early stage. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of RFA and LH for treating HCC with a large cohort. METHODS From March 2014 to July 2016, 477 patients who underwent RFA (n = 314) or LH (n = 163) for HCC tumors meeting the criteria were included. Overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were compared. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to balance for the factors that may affect the choice of treatment. RESULTS Collectively, the 1-, 2- and 3-year OS rates were significantly greater after LH than RFA, as well the corresponding RFS rates, before and after PSM by 2:1. However, the RFA group had fewer major complications (P=0.004), shorter postoperative stays (P=0.023) and lower hospital charges (P<0.001) than the LH group. In the subgroup analysis, RFA demonstrated comparable RFS in treating less than 3 cm tumor (P=0.22) located in noncentral bisection (SII, SIII, SVI, SVII) and tumor between 3 cm and 5 cm (P=0.07) located in central bisections (SIV, SV, SVIII). The female, HBV infection, and RFA are factors of worse OS, and the latter two factors also indicated higher RFS. CONCLUSIONS Though, LH possessed superior intrahepatic control rate than RFA in most condition of tumor smaller than 5 cm, the RFA could be an optimal approach achieved comparable outcomes in patients with centrally located HCC, with fewer major complications, shorter postoperative stays and lower hospital charges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Xun Pan
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China; Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China.
| | - Qian Long
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China; Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China.
| | - Min-Jiang Yi
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China; Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China.
| | - Jin-Bin Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China; Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China.
| | - Jian-Cong Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China; Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China.
| | - Yao-Jun Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China; Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China.
| | - Li Xu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China; Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China.
| | - Min-Shan Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China; Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China.
| | - Zhong-Guo Zhou
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China; Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China; Department of Molecular Medicine California Campus, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550, North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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Pan YX, Chen JC, Fang AP, Wang XH, Chen JB, Wang JC, He W, Fu YZ, Xu L, Chen MS, Zhang YJ, Li QJ, Zhou ZG. A nomogram predicting the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients after laparoscopic hepatectomy. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2019; 39:55. [PMID: 31601270 PMCID: PMC6788088 DOI: 10.1186/s40880-019-0404-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing surgical resection still have a high 5-year recurrence rate (~ 60%). With the development of laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH), few studies have compared the efficacy between LH and traditional surgical approach on HCC. The objective of this study was to establish a nomogram to evaluate the risk of recurrence in HCC patients who underwent LH. METHODS The clinical data of 432 patients, pathologically diagnosed with HCC, underwent LH as initial treatment and had surgical margin > 1 cm were collected. The significance of their clinicopathological features to recurrence-free survival (RFS) was assessed, based on which a nomogram was constructed using a training cohort (n = 324) and was internally validated using a temporal validation cohort (n = 108). RESULTS Hepatitis B surface antigen (hazard ratio [HR], 1.838; P = 0.044), tumor number (HR, 1.774; P = 0.003), tumor thrombus (HR, 2.356; P = 0.003), cancer cell differentiation (HR, 0.745; P = 0.080), and microvascular tumor invasion (HR, 1.673; P =0.007) were found to be independent risk factors for RFS in the training cohort, and were used for constructing the nomogram. The C-index for RFS prediction in the training cohort using the nomogram was 0.786, which was higher than that of the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM classification (C-index, 0.698) and the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging system (C-index, 0.632). A high consistency between the nomogram prediction and actual observation was also demonstrated by a calibration curve. An improved predictive benefit in RFS and higher threshold probability of the nomogram were determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, which was also confirmed in the validation cohort compared to other systems. CONCLUSIONS We constructed and validated a nomogram able to quantify the risk of recurrence after initial LH for HCC patients, which can be clinically implemented in assisting the planification of individual postoperative surveillance protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Xun Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Cong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ai-Ping Fang
- Department of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Bin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Wei He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Zhen Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Min-Shan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yao-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Qi-Jiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. .,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Zhong-Guo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. .,Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. .,Department of Molecular Medicine California Campus, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550, North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anson CD, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Banerjee A, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bültmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Contin G, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cui X, Das S, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, Derradi de Souza R, Dhamija S, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Ding F, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Engle KS, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Fedorisin J, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Gliske S, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hamed A, Han LX, Haque R, Harris JW, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huang X, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Khan ZH, Kikola DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Kotchenda L, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, LeVine MJ, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma YG, Madagodagettige Don DMMD, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nelson JM, Nigmatkulov G, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Olvitt DL, Pachr M, Page BS, Pal SK, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peryt W, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Poljak N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Pujahari PR, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ross JF, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Singaraju RN, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Sun X, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szelezniak MA, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Vossen A, Wada M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang XL, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu J, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Yan W, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang Y, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zawisza Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang JB, Zhang JL, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Erratum: Observation of D^{0} Meson Nuclear Modifications in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV [Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 142301 (2014)]. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:229901. [PMID: 30547623 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.229901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.142301.
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Batistel F, Pan YX, Parys C, Loor JJ. 162 Methionine Supply during Late-Gestation Triggers Sex-Specific Divergent Trajectories of Metabolism and Epigenetic Systems in Bovine Placenta. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky073.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F Batistel
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Y X Pan
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - C Parys
- Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH, Hanau-Wolfgang, Germany
| | - J J Loor
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
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Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aoyama R, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bai X, Bairathi V, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Bouchet J, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Brown D, Bunzarov I, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Campbell JM, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chatterjee A, Chattopadhyay S, Chen JH, Chen X, Cheng J, Cherney M, Christie W, Contin G, Crawford HJ, Das S, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, Didenko L, Dilks C, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Elsey N, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esha R, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben J, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng Z, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Haque R, Harris JW, He L, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Horvat S, Huang X, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huang T, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jentsch A, Jia J, Jiang K, Jowzaee S, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Khan Z, Kikoła DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Kochenda L, Koetke DD, Kosarzewski LK, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kumar L, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li C, Lin T, Lisa MA, Liu Y, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Luo S, Ma GL, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Majka R, Manion A, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, McDonald D, McKinzie S, Meehan K, Mei JC, Miller ZW, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mishra D, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Okorokov VA, Olvitt D, Page BS, Pak R, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Pile P, Pluta J, Poniatowska K, Porter J, Posik M, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Ray RL, Reed R, Rehbein MJ, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Roth JD, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma MK, Sharma A, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shi Z, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singha S, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solyst W, Song L, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stepanov M, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sugiura T, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun XM, Sun Z, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Tang Z, Tang AH, Tarnowsky T, Tawfik A, Thäder J, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Tsai OD, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Vossen A, Wang F, Wang JS, Wang G, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu Y, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xin K, Xu QH, Xu H, Xu YF, Xu Z, Xu J, Xu N, Yang S, Yang Q, Yang Y, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang Y, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang XP, Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Zhang S, Zhang JB, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou L, Zhu X, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Dijet imbalance measurements in Au+Au and pp collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV at STAR. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:062301. [PMID: 28949601 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.062301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report the first dijet transverse momentum asymmetry measurements from Au+Au and pp collisions at RHIC. The two highest-energy back-to-back jets reconstructed from fragments with transverse momenta above 2 GeV/c display a significantly higher momentum imbalance in heavy-ion collisions than in the pp reference. When reexamined with correlated soft particles included, we observe that these dijets then exhibit a unique new feature-momentum balance is restored to that observed in pp for a jet resolution parameter of R=0.4, while rebalancing is not attained with a smaller value of R=0.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - R Aoyama
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | | | - A Attri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - X Bai
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - V Bairathi
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | | | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D Brown
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Chatterjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | | | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - X Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | | | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100
| | | | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - N Elsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - R Esha
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - S Esumi
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - J Ewigleben
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Z Feng
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | | | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | | | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A I Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - L He
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - S Heppelmann
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - B Huang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - T Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T J Humanic
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - A Jentsch
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- State University Of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Jowzaee
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Kabana
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - D Kalinkin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - K Kauder
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Z Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | | | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Lin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - M A Lisa
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Y Liu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - S Luo
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - N Magdy
- State University Of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - A Manion
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - S McKinzie
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - K Meehan
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J C Mei
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100
| | - Z W Miller
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - D Mishra
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Md Nasim
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Niida
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - T Nonaka
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - K Poniatowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - H Qiu
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - A Quintero
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | | | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - R Reed
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvnia 18015
| | | | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J D Roth
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - M K Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - S Singha
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - W Solyst
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - L Song
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - M Stepanov
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - T Sugiura
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - B Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - A Tawfik
- World Laboratory for Cosmology and Particle Physics (WLCAPP), Cairo 11571, Egypt
| | - J Thäder
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - D Tlusty
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - T Todoroki
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - I Upsal
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - G Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Wen
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402
| | - Y Wu
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - G Xie
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y F Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Xu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Q Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - L Yi
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | | | - J Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100
| | - Z Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - S Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - J Zhao
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - L Zhou
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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14
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Cui YP, Mi C, Shi XD, Wang B, Pan YX, Lin YF. [Clinical characteristics and prognosis of cultured negative pyogenic spondylitis]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2017; 49:226-230. [PMID: 28416829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are limited data describing the clinical characteristics and prognosis of culture negative pyogenic spondylitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the treatment, prognosis and clinical characteristics of culture negative pyogenic spondylitis. METHODS A retrospective study reviewed 74 patients who were diagnosed with spondylitis in Peking University First Hospital from January 2010 to December 2015. A total of 27 patients suffered from pyogenic spondylitis. According to the pathogenic culture results, the patients were divided into two groups: culture negative group and culture positive group. The clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes between the two groups were compared. RESULTS The elder were more vulnerable to pyogenic spondylitis, and of the 27 patients, 12 patients were female and 15 male. All patients had no history of administration of antibiotics prior to obtaining culture samples. A causative germ was identified in 14/27 patients (51.9%) with Staphylococcus aureus being the most common pathogen. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the patient's age, gender, visual analogue score (VAS), predisposing factor, clinical symptom, sign and spinal segment (P>0.05). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (P=0.056) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (P=0.040) of culture negative group were lower in contrast to culture positive group. The incidence of vertebral abscess in culture negative group was higher than in culture positive group (P=0.046). After treatment, ESR dropped almost equally in both groups, and CRP dropped faster in the culture positive group (P=0.192). At last, there was no significant difference between the two groups in hospital stay, pain relief, open debridement operation rate, and recurrence rate of infection. CONCLUSION ESR and CRP of the culture negative patient were lower than those of the culture positive patient, and the incidence rate of paravertebral abscess was higher than that of the culture positive patient. After administration of antibiotics, there was no significant difference between the two groups in duration of antibiotics, open debridement operation rate and recurrence rate of infection. So, culture negative may not necessarily be a negative prognostic factor for pyogenic spondylitis. However, we should watch out for the drug resistant bacteria or double infection, due to the long term use of wide-spectrum antibiotic in culture negative patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y P Cui
- Department of Orthopaedic, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - C Mi
- Department of Orthopaedic, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - X D Shi
- Department of Orthopaedic, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - B Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Y X Pan
- Department of Orthopaedic, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Y F Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
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15
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Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aoyama R, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bai X, Bairathi V, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Bouchet J, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Bunzarov I, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Campbell JM, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chatterjee A, Chattopadhyay S, Chen X, Chen JH, Cheng J, Cherney M, Christie W, Contin G, Crawford HJ, Das S, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esha R, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng Z, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta S, Gupta A, Guryn W, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Haque R, Harris JW, He L, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang X, Huang HZ, Huang T, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jentsch A, Jia J, Jiang K, Jowzaee S, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Khan ZH, Kikoła DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Kochenda L, Koetke DD, Kosarzewski LK, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kumar L, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Li Y, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Lin T, Lisa MA, Liu Y, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Luo S, Ma GL, Ma R, Ma YG, Ma L, Magdy N, Majka R, Manion A, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, McDonald D, McKinzie S, Meehan K, Mei JC, Miller ZW, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mishra D, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Okorokov VA, Olvitt D, Page BS, Pak R, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Pile P, Pluta J, Poniatowska K, Porter J, Posik M, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Ray RL, Reed R, Rehbein MJ, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Roth JD, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma A, Sharma MK, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shi Z, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singha S, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solyst W, Song L, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stepanov M, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sugiura T, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun Z, Sun Y, Sun XM, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Tawfik A, Thäder J, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Tsai OD, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Varma R, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Vossen A, Wang G, Wang F, Wang JS, Wang Y, Wang H, Wang Y, Webb JC, Webb G, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu Y, Xiao ZG, Xie W, Xie G, Xin K, Xu QH, Xu YF, Xu H, Xu Z, Xu N, Xu J, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang S, Yang Y, Yang Q, Yang Y, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang J, Zhang XP, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Zhang JB, Zhang Z, Zhang S, Zhang J, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou L, Zhu X, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Charge-Dependent Directed Flow in Cu+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:012301. [PMID: 28106415 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.012301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present the first measurement of charge-dependent directed flow in Cu+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. The results are presented as a function of the particle transverse momentum and pseudorapidity for different centralities. A finite difference between the directed flow of positive and negative charged particles is observed that qualitatively agrees with the expectations from the effects of the initial strong electric field between two colliding ions with different nuclear charges. The measured difference in directed flow is much smaller than that obtained from the parton-hadron-string-dynamics model, which suggests that most of the electric charges, i.e., quarks and antiquarks, have not yet been created during the lifetime of the strong electric field, which is of the order of, or less than, 1 fm/c.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - R Aoyama
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M U Ashraf
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - A Attri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - X Bai
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - V Bairathi
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | | | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - J M Campbell
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - A Chatterjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | | | - X Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - L C De Silva
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J L Drachenberg
- Lamar University, Physics Department, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA
| | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - R Esha
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - S Esumi
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - Z Feng
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515, USA
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - D S Gunarathne
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A I Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - L He
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - B Huang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - T Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - A Jentsch
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
- State University Of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - S Jowzaee
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Kabana
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - D Kalinkin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Kauder
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | | | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - T Lin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Y Liu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - S Luo
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - N Magdy
- State University Of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - A Manion
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - S McKinzie
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K Meehan
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J C Mei
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z W Miller
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - D Mishra
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Md Nasim
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Niida
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - T Nonaka
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - K Poniatowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - A Quintero
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - R Reed
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - M J Rehbein
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J D Roth
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - A Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - M K Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Z Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - S Singha
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - W Solyst
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - L Song
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - M Stepanov
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - T Sugiura
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - B Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A Tawfik
- World Laboratory for Cosmology and Particle Physics (WLCAPP), Cairo 11571, Egypt
| | - J Thäder
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - T Todoroki
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Upsal
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - S A Voloshin
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Wen
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - Y Wu
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - G Xie
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Y F Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Xu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - S Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Q Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - L Yi
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - J Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - S Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J Zhao
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Zhou
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bai X, Bairathi V, Banerjee A, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Bouchet J, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Bunzarov I, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Campbell JM, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen X, Chen JH, Cheng J, Cherney M, Christie W, Contin G, Crawford HJ, Das S, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esha R, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng Z, Filip P, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Hamad A, Hamed A, Haque R, Harris JW, He L, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang X, Huang HZ, Huang B, Huang T, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Jentsch A, Jia J, Jiang K, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Khan ZH, Kikoła DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Kochenda L, Koetke DD, Kosarzewski LK, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kumar L, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Li C, Li Y, Li W, Li X, Li X, Lin T, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma R, Ma L, Ma GL, Ma YG, Magdy N, Majka R, Manion A, Margetis S, Markert C, McDonald D, Meehan K, Mei JC, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mishra D, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Okorokov VA, Olvitt D, Page BS, Pak R, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Pile P, Pluta J, Poniatowska K, Porter J, Posik M, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma MK, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi Z, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singha S, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solyst W, Song L, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stepanov M, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun Y, Sun Z, Sun XM, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Tawfik A, Thäder J, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Tsai OD, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Varma R, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Vossen A, Wang JS, Wang Y, Wang F, Wang Y, Wang H, Wang G, Webb JC, Webb G, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu Y, Xiao ZG, Xie X, Xie W, Xin K, Xu N, Xu YF, Xu Z, Xu QH, Xu J, Xu H, Yang Q, Yang Y, Yang S, Yang Y, Yang C, Yang Y, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang S, Zhang Z, Zhang S, Zhang JB, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhang XP, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou L, Zhu X, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Measurement of the Transverse Single-Spin Asymmetry in p^{↑}+p→W^{±}/Z^{0} at RHIC. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:132301. [PMID: 27081970 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.132301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present the measurement of the transverse single-spin asymmetry of weak boson production in transversely polarized proton-proton collisions at sqrt[s]=500 GeV by the STAR experiment at RHIC. The measured observable is sensitive to the Sivers function, one of the transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions, which is predicted to have the opposite sign in proton-proton collisions from that observed in deep inelastic lepton-proton scattering. These data provide the first experimental investigation of the nonuniversality of the Sivers function, fundamental to our understanding of QCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - A Attri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - X Bai
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - V Bairathi
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | | | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | | | - X Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | | | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100
| | | | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - R Esha
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Z Feng
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | | | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | | | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - L He
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - S Heppelmann
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - B Huang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - T Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - A Jentsch
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Kabana
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - D Kalinkin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - K Kauder
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | | | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - T Lin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - N Magdy
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - A Manion
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - K Meehan
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J C Mei
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - D Mishra
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Md Nasim
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Niida
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - K Poniatowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - A Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | | | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - M K Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Z Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - S Singha
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - W Solyst
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - L Song
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - M Stepanov
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - B Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
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- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
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- World Laboratory for Cosmology and Particle Physics (WLCAPP), Cairo 11571, Egypt
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
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- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
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- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
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- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
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- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
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- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
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- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
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- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402
| | - Y Wu
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - X Xie
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Y F Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Q Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - S Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - L Yi
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Z Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - S Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100
| | - J Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | | | - J Zhao
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - L Zhou
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bai X, Bairathi V, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Bouchet J, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Bunzarov I, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Campbell JM, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chatterjee A, Chattopadhyay S, Chen JH, Chen X, Cheng J, Cherney M, Christie W, Contin G, Crawford HJ, Das S, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esha R, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng Z, Filip P, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta S, Gupta A, Guryn W, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Haque R, Harris JW, He L, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Horvat S, Huang T, Huang X, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Jentsch A, Jia J, Jiang K, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Khan ZH, Kikoła DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Kochenda L, Koetke DD, Kosarzewski LK, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kumar L, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Li X, Li C, Li X, Li Y, Li W, Lin T, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma R, Ma GL, Ma YG, Ma L, Magdy N, Majka R, Manion A, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, McDonald D, McKinzie S, Meehan K, Mei JC, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mishra D, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Okorokov VA, Olvitt D, Page BS, Pak R, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Pile P, Pluta J, Poniatowska K, Porter J, Posik M, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala S, Raniwala R, Ray RL, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma A, Sharma B, Sharma MK, Shen WQ, Shi Z, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singha S, Skoby MJ, Smirnov N, Smirnov D, Solyst W, Song L, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stepanov M, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun Z, Sun XM, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Tang Z, Tang AH, Tarnowsky T, Tawfik A, Thäder J, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Tsai OD, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Varma R, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Vossen A, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang H, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu Y, Xiao ZG, Xie W, Xie G, Xin K, Xu YF, Xu QH, Xu N, Xu H, Xu Z, Xu J, Yang S, Yang Y, Yang Y, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang Q, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang Z, Zhang JB, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou L, Zhu X, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Beam Energy Dependence of the Third Harmonic of Azimuthal Correlations in Au+Au Collisions at RHIC. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:112302. [PMID: 27035295 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.112302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present results from a harmonic decomposition of two-particle azimuthal correlations measured with the STAR detector in Au+Au collisions for energies ranging from sqrt[s_{NN}]=7.7 to 200 GeV. The third harmonic v_{3}^{2}{2}=⟨cos3(ϕ_{1}-ϕ_{2})⟩, where ϕ_{1}-ϕ_{2} is the angular difference in azimuth, is studied as a function of the pseudorapidity difference between particle pairs Δη=η_{1}-η_{2}. Nonzero v_{3}^{2}{2} is directly related to the previously observed large-Δη narrow-Δϕ ridge correlations and has been shown in models to be sensitive to the existence of a low viscosity quark gluon plasma phase. For sufficiently central collisions, v_{3}^{2}{2} persist down to an energy of 7.7 GeV, suggesting that quark gluon plasma may be created even in these low energy collisions. In peripheral collisions at these low energies, however, v_{3}^{2}{2} is consistent with zero. When scaled by the pseudorapidity density of charged-particle multiplicity per participating nucleon pair, v_{3}^{2}{2} for central collisions shows a minimum near sqrt[s_{NN}]=20 GeV.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - A Attri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - X Bai
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - V Bairathi
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | | | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear Univeristy MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Chatterjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | | | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - X Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | | | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100
| | | | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - R Esha
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Z Feng
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | | | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A I Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
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- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - S Heppelmann
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
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- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
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- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
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- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - T Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - B Huang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - A Jentsch
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Kabana
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - D Kalinkin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - K Kauder
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear Univeristy MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | | | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear Univeristy MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - T Lin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - N Magdy
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - A Manion
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - S McKinzie
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - K Meehan
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J C Mei
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - D Mishra
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Md Nasim
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear Univeristy MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Niida
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear Univeristy MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - K Poniatowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | | | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M K Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Z Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - S Singha
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W Solyst
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - L Song
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - M Stepanov
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear Univeristy MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - B Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
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- World Laboratory for Cosmology and Particle Physics (WLCAPP), Cairo 11571, Egypt
| | - J Thäder
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - D Tlusty
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - T Todoroki
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
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- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - G Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Wen
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402
| | - Y Wu
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - G Xie
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Y F Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Xu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - S Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Q Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
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- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | | | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100
| | - J Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - S Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Z Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J Zhao
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - L Zhou
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Banerjee A, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Bunzarov I, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Campbell JM, Cebra D, Cervantes MC, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen JH, Chen X, Cheng J, Cherney M, Christie W, Contin G, Crawford HJ, Das S, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esha R, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng Z, Filip P, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta S, Gupta A, Guryn W, Hamad A, Hamed A, Haque R, Harris JW, He L, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang X, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Jiang K, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Khan ZH, Kikoła DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Kochenda L, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Kosarzewski LK, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Li ZM, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li C, Li Y, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma YG, Ma GL, Ma L, Ma R, Magdy N, Majka R, Manion A, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, Meehan K, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mishra D, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nigmatkulov G, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Okorokov V, Olvitt D, Page BS, Pak R, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peterson A, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Poljak N, Poniatowska K, Porter J, Posik M, Poskanzer AM, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma B, Sharma MK, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singha S, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Song L, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stepanov M, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun X, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida N, Szelezniak MA, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Tawfik A, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Varma R, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Vossen A, Wang Y, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang H, Wang Y, Wang F, Webb JC, Webb G, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Wu Y, Xiao ZG, Xie W, Xin K, Xu N, Xu Z, Xu QH, Xu YF, Xu H, Yang Q, Yang Y, Yang Y, Yang S, Yang C, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Zhang JB, Zhang J, Zhang S, Zhang J, Zhang XP, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou L, Zhu X, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Centrality and Transverse Momentum Dependence of Elliptic Flow of Multistrange Hadrons and ϕ Meson in Au+Au Collisions at √[sNN]=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:062301. [PMID: 26918982 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.062301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present high precision measurements of elliptic flow near midrapidity (|y|<1.0) for multistrange hadrons and ϕ meson as a function of centrality and transverse momentum in Au+Au collisions at center of mass energy √[sNN]=200 GeV. We observe that the transverse momentum dependence of ϕ and Ω v2 is similar to that of π and p, respectively, which may indicate that the heavier strange quark flows as strongly as the lighter up and down quarks. This observation constitutes a clear piece of evidence for the development of partonic collectivity in heavy-ion collisions at the top RHIC energy. Number of constituent quark scaling is found to hold within statistical uncertainty for both 0%-30% and 30%-80% collision centrality. There is an indication of the breakdown of previously observed mass ordering between ϕ and proton v2 at low transverse momentum in the 0%-30% centrality range, possibly indicating late hadronic interactions affecting the proton v2.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - V Bairathi
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Jatni 752050, Odisha, India
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
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- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
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- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
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- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
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- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
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- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
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- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
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- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
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- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- World Laboratory for Cosmology and Particle Physics (WLCAPP), Cairo 11571, Egypt
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- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
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- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Jatni 752050, Odisha, India
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- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Jatni 752050, Odisha, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Md Nasim
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- Pusan National University, Pusan 609735, Republic of Korea
| | - V Okorokov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
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- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
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- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - N Poljak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - K Poniatowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
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- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
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- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
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- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
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- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
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- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
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- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
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- Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M K Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
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- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
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- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
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- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
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- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
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- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
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- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
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- World Laboratory for Cosmology and Particle Physics (WLCAPP), Cairo 11571, Egypt
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
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- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
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- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
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- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
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- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
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- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
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- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
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- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
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- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
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- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
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- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
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- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
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- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
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- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
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- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
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- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Zhang DM, Pan YX, Zhang Y, Li ZK, Wu LQ, Liu HW, Zhang GY, Wang XF, Ma ZY. Antisense expression of Gossypium hirsutum UDP-glucuronate decarboxylase in Arabidopsis leads to changes in cell wall components. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr7409. [PMID: 26909959 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15017409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
UDP-glucuronate decarboxylase (UDP-xylose synthase; UXS, EC 4.1.1.35) is an essential enzyme of the non-cellulosic polysaccharide biosynthetic pathway. In the present study, using transient expression of fluorescently labeled Gossypium hirsutum UXS (GhUXS3) protein in onion epidermal cells, we observed that this protein was distributed in the cytoplasm. The GhUXS3 cDNA of cotton was expressed in an antisense orientation in Arabidopsis thaliana by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Homozygous plants showing down-regulation of UXS were analyzed with northern blots. Compared to the untransformed control, transgenic plant showed shorter roots, earlier blossom formation, and delayed senescence. Biochemical analysis indicated that levels of rhamnose, mannose, galactose, glucose, xylose, and cellulose were reduced in some of the down-regulated antisense plants. These results suggest that GhUXS3 regulates the conversion of non-cellulosic polysaccharides and modulates their composition in plant cell walls. We also discuss a possible cellular function for GhUXS in determining the quality of cotton fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Zhang
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - Y X Pan
- North China University Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Y Zhang
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - Z K Li
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - L Q Wu
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - H W Liu
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - G Y Zhang
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - X F Wang
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - Z Y Ma
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
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Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Banerjee A, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Campbell JM, Cebra D, Cervantes MC, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen JH, Chen X, Cheng J, Cherney M, Christie W, Contin G, Crawford HJ, Das S, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esha R, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng Z, Filip P, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta S, Gupta A, Guryn W, Hamad A, Hamed A, Haque R, Harris JW, He L, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang X, Huang HZ, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Jiang K, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Khan ZH, Kikola DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Kochenda L, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Kosarzewski LK, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Li X, Li C, Li W, Li ZM, Li Y, Li X, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma YG, Ma GL, Ma L, Ma R, Magdy N, Majka R, Manion A, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, Meehan K, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov D, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nigmatkulov G, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Okorokov V, Olvitt D, Page BS, Pak R, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peterson A, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Poljak N, Poniatowska K, Porter J, Posik M, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma MK, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Song L, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stepanov M, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun X, Sun Z, Sun XM, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida N, Szelezniak MA, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Tawfik AN, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Varma R, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Vossen A, Wang G, Wang Y, Wang F, Wang Y, Wang H, Wang JS, Webb JC, Webb G, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao ZG, Xie W, Xin K, Xu QH, Xu Z, Xu H, Xu N, Xu YF, Yang Q, Yang Y, Yang S, Yang Y, Yang C, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang XP, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Zhang JB, Zhang S, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou L, Zhu X, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Observation of Transverse Spin-Dependent Azimuthal Correlations of Charged Pion Pairs in p^{↑}+p at sqrt[s]=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 115:242501. [PMID: 26705627 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.242501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of transverse polarization-dependent azimuthal correlations in charged pion pair production with the STAR experiment in p^{↑}+p collisions at RHIC. These correlations directly probe quark transversity distributions. We measure signals in excess of 5 standard deviations at high transverse momenta, at high pseudorapidities η>0.5, and for pair masses around the mass of the ρ meson. This is the first direct transversity measurement in p+p collisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J Alford
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A V Brandin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - T P Burton
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - J M Campbell
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - M C Cervantes
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - L C De Silva
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - R Esha
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - Z Feng
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - D S Gunarathne
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - L He
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - B Huang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Kabana
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - D Kalinkin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Kauder
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - D P Kikola
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Kochenda
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - T Kollegger
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | | | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - P Kravtsov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Kulakov
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - R A Kycia
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Li
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Z M Li
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Magdy
- World Laboratory for Cosmology and Particle Physics (WLCAPP), Cairo 11571, Egypt
| | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - A Manion
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Masui
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - K Meehan
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Md Nasim
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan 609735, Republic of Korea
| | - V Okorokov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Peterson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Planinic
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - N Poljak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - K Poniatowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Quintero
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - M K Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - L Song
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - M Stepanov
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - B Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - X Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - M A Szelezniak
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A N Tawfik
- World Laboratory for Cosmology and Particle Physics (WLCAPP), Cairo 11571, Egypt
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | | | - B A Trzeciak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Upsal
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y P Viyogi
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - S A Voloshin
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Wen
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - Y F Wu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y F Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Q Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - S Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Yi
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan 609735, Republic of Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - J Zhao
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Zhou
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Banerjee A, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Campbell JM, Cebra D, Cervantes MC, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen JH, Chen X, Cheng J, Cherney M, Christie W, Contin G, Crawford HJ, Das S, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esha R, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng Z, Filip P, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta S, Gupta A, Guryn W, Hamad A, Hamed A, Haque R, Harris JW, He L, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang HZ, Huang B, Huang X, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Jiang K, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Khan ZH, Kikola DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Kosarzewski LK, Kotchenda L, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Li W, Li Y, Li C, Li ZM, Li X, Li X, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Ma GL, Magdy N, Majka R, Manion A, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, Meehan K, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nigmatkulov G, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Okorokov V, Olvitt DL, Page BS, Pak R, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peterson A, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Poljak N, Poniatowska K, Porter J, Posik M, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala S, Raniwala R, Ray RL, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma B, Sharma MK, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Song L, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stepanov M, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Summa BJ, Sun X, Sun XM, Sun Z, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Szelezniak MA, Tang Z, Tang AH, Tarnowsky T, Tawfik AN, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Varma R, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbaek F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Vossen A, Wang F, Wang Y, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang Y, Wang G, Webb G, Webb JC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu YF, Xu N, Xu Z, Xu QH, Xu H, Yang Y, Yang Y, Yang C, Yang S, Yang Q, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang XP, Zhang JB, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Zhang JL, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou L, Zhu X, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Azimuthal Anisotropy in U+U and Au+Au Collisions at RHIC. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 115:222301. [PMID: 26650297 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.222301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Collisions between prolate uranium nuclei are used to study how particle production and azimuthal anisotropies depend on initial geometry in heavy-ion collisions. We report the two- and four-particle cumulants, v_{2}{2} and v_{2}{4}, for charged hadrons from U+U collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=193 GeV and Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. Nearly fully overlapping collisions are selected based on the energy deposited by spectators in zero degree calorimeters (ZDCs). Within this sample, the observed dependence of v_{2}{2} on multiplicity demonstrates that ZDC information combined with multiplicity can preferentially select different overlap configurations in U+U collisions. We also show that v_{2} vs multiplicity can be better described by models, such as gluon saturation or quark participant models, that eliminate the dependence of the multiplicity on the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J Alford
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A V Brandin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T P Burton
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - J M Campbell
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - M C Cervantes
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - L C De Silva
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - R Esha
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Z Feng
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - D S Gunarathne
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - L He
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - B Huang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Kabana
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - D Kalinkin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Kauder
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - D P Kikola
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - T Kollegger
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | | | - L Kotchenda
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - P Kravtsov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Kulakov
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - R A Kycia
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z M Li
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - X Li
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - N Magdy
- World Laboratory for Cosmology and Particle Physics (WLCAPP), Cairo 11571, Egypt
| | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - A Manion
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Masui
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - K Meehan
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Md Nasim
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan 609735, Republic of Korea
| | - V Okorokov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D L Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Peterson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Planinic
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - N Poljak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - K Poniatowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Quintero
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M K Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - L Song
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - M Stepanov
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - B J Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - X Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - M A Szelezniak
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A N Tawfik
- World Laboratory for Cosmology and Particle Physics (WLCAPP), Cairo 11571, Egypt
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | | | - B A Trzeciak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Upsal
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbaek
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y P Viyogi
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S A Voloshin
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - G Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Wen
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - Y F Wu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - Y F Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Q Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Yi
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan 609735, Republic of Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J L Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - F Zhao
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Zhao
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Zhou
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anson CD, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Banerjee A, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bültmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Campbell JM, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Contin G, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cudd AB, Cui X, Das S, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, Derradi de Souza R, Dhamija S, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Ding F, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Engle KS, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Fedorisin J, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Gliske S, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hamed A, Han LX, Haque R, Harris JW, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huang X, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Khan ZH, Kikola DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Kosarzewski LK, Kotchenda L, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, LeVine MJ, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma YG, Madagodagettige Don DMMD, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nelson JM, Nigmatkulov G, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Olvitt DL, Pachr M, Page BS, Pal SK, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peryt W, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Poljak N, Poniatowska K, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Pujahari PR, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ross JF, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Singaraju RN, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Sun X, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szelezniak MA, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Vossen A, Wada M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang XL, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu J, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Yan W, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang Y, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zawisza Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang JB, Zhang JL, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Precision Measurement of the Longitudinal Double-Spin Asymmetry for Inclusive Jet Production in Polarized Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 115:092002. [PMID: 26371644 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.092002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report a new measurement of the midrapidity inclusive jet longitudinal double-spin asymmetry, A_{LL}, in polarized pp collisions at center-of-mass energy sqrt[s]=200 GeV. The STAR data place stringent constraints on polarized parton distribution functions extracted at next-to-leading order from global analyses of inclusive deep-inelastic scattering (DIS), semi-inclusive DIS, and RHIC pp data. The measured asymmetries provide evidence at the 3σ level for positive gluon polarization in the Bjorken-x region x>0.05.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J Alford
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C D Anson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - D R Beavis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Bichsel
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | | | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A V Brandin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - S G Brovko
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T P Burton
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - J M Campbell
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - R Cendejas
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M C Cervantes
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - H F Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Chen
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Chikanian
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Chwastowski
- Cracow University of Technology, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | | | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J G Cramer
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A B Cudd
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - X Cui
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | | | - L C De Silva
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | | | - S Dhamija
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - F Ding
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - P Djawotho
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K S Engle
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Eun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00 662, Poland
| | - S Gliske
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - D S Gunarathne
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B Haag
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - L-X Han
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - B Huang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - D Kalinkin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Kauder
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Kesich
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - D P Kikola
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00 662, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt am Main D-60438, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00 662, Poland
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - T Kollegger
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt am Main D-60438, Germany
| | - J Konzer
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - I Koralt
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | | | - L Kotchenda
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - P Kravtsov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Kulakov
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt am Main D-60438, Germany
| | - L Kumar
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - R A Kycia
- Cracow University of Technology, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M J LeVine
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Li
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Z M Li
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | | | | | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Masui
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - T S McShane
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Md Nasim
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - J M Nelson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - A Ohlson
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - V Okorokov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - E W Oldag
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - D L Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - M Pachr
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B S Page
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - S K Pal
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T Pawlak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00 662, Poland
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W Peryt
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00 662, Poland
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Planinic
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00 662, Poland
| | - N Poljak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - K Poniatowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00 662, Poland
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - P R Pujahari
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Quintero
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - C K Riley
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J F Ross
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - E Sangaline
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich D-80805, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich D-80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R N Singaraju
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - D Solanki
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - J R Stevens
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt am Main D-60438, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - X Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X M Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - T J M Symons
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M A Szelezniak
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Takahashi
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Sao Paulo 05314-970, Brazil
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - B A Trzeciak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Turnau
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G van Nieuwenhuizen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | | | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | | | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y P Viyogi
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - M Wada
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - X L Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Wang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - G Webb
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - Y F Wu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J Xu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Y Xu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Yan
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Yi
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Y Zawisza
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00 662, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J L Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z P Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - F Zhao
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Zhao
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y H Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt am Main D-60438, Germany
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Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anson CD, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Banerjee A, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bültmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Campbell JM, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Contin G, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cui X, Das S, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, Derradi de Souza R, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Ding F, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Engle KS, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Fedorisin J, Filip P, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Gliske S, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hamed A, Han LX, Haque R, Harris JW, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huang X, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Khan ZH, Kikola DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Kosarzewski LK, Kotchenda L, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma YG, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nelson JM, Nigmatkulov G, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Olvitt DL, Page BS, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Poljak N, Poniatowska K, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ross JF, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Simko M, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Sun X, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szelezniak MA, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Vossen A, Wada M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang XL, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu J, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Yan W, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang Y, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang JB, Zhang JL, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. ΛΛ Correlation function in Au+Au collisions at √[S(NN)]=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 114:022301. [PMID: 25635541 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.022301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present ΛΛ correlation measurements in heavy-ion collisions for Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV using the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider. The Lednický-Lyuboshitz analytical model has been used to fit the data to obtain a source size, a scattering length and an effective range. Implications of the measurement of the ΛΛ correlation function and interaction parameters for dihyperon searches are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - J Alford
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C D Anson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - D R Beavis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Bichsel
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A V Brandin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - S G Brovko
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - T P Burton
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - J M Campbell
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - R Cendejas
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M C Cervantes
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - H F Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Chen
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Chikanian
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | | | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J G Cramer
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X Cui
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | | | - L C De Silva
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | | | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - F Ding
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - P Djawotho
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K S Engle
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland, 21402, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Eun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Gliske
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - D S Gunarathne
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B Haag
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - L-X Han
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - B Huang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Korea
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - D Kalinkin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Kauder
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - A Kesich
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - D P Kikola
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - T Kollegger
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - J Konzer
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - I Koralt
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | | | - L Kotchenda
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - P Kravtsov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Kulakov
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - L Kumar
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - R A Kycia
- Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Li
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Z M Li
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | | | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Masui
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - T S McShane
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Md Nasim
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - J M Nelson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - A Ohlson
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - V Okorokov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - E W Oldag
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - D L Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - B S Page
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - T Pawlak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Planinic
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb, HR-10002 Croatia
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - N Poljak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb, HR-10002 Croatia
| | | | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Quintero
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - C K Riley
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J F Ross
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - E Sangaline
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | - N Shah
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Simko
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - D Solanki
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - J R Stevens
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - X Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X M Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - T J M Symons
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M A Szelezniak
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Takahashi
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - B A Trzeciak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Turnau
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G van Nieuwenhuizen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | | | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | | | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y P Viyogi
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - M Wada
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - X L Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Wang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - G Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland, 21402, USA
| | - Y F Wu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - J Xu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Y Xu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Yan
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Yi
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | | | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J L Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z P Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - F Zhao
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Zhao
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y H Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
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Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anson CD, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Banerjee A, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bültmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Contin G, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cui X, Das S, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, Derradi de Souza R, Dhamija S, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Ding F, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Engle KS, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Fedorisin J, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Gliske S, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hamed A, Han LX, Haque R, Harris JW, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huang X, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Khan ZH, Kikola DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Kotchenda L, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, LeVine MJ, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma YG, Madagodagettige Don DMMD, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nelson JM, Nigmatkulov G, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Olvitt DL, Pachr M, Page BS, Pal SK, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peryt W, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Poljak N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Pujahari PR, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ross JF, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Singaraju RN, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Sun X, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szelezniak MA, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Vossen A, Wada M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang XL, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu J, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Yan W, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang Y, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zawisza Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang JB, Zhang JL, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Observation of D0 meson nuclear modifications in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s(NN)] = 200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:142301. [PMID: 25325635 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.142301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report the first measurement of charmed-hadron (D(0)) production via the hadronic decay channel (D(0) → K(-) + π(+)) in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s(NN)] = 200 GeV with the STAR experiment. The charm production cross section per nucleon-nucleon collision at midrapidity scales with the number of binary collisions, N(bin), from p+p to central Au+Au collisions. The D(0) meson yields in central Au + Au collisions are strongly suppressed compared to those in p+p scaled by N(bin), for transverse momenta p(T) > 3 GeV/c, demonstrating significant energy loss of charm quarks in the hot and dense medium. An enhancement at intermediate p(T) is also observed. Model calculations including strong charm-medium interactions and coalescence hadronization describe our measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - J Alford
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C D Anson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - D R Beavis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Bichsel
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A V Brandin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - S G Brovko
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T P Burton
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - R Cendejas
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M C Cervantes
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - H F Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Chen
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Chikanian
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | | | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J G Cramer
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X Cui
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | | | - L C De Silva
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | | | - S Dhamija
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - F Ding
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - P Djawotho
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K S Engle
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Eun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Gliske
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - D S Gunarathne
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B Haag
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - L-X Han
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - B Huang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Korea
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - D Kalinkin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Kauder
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Kesich
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - D P Kikola
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - T Kollegger
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - J Konzer
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - I Koralt
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Kotchenda
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - P Kravtsov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Kulakov
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - L Kumar
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - R A Kycia
- Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M J LeVine
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Li
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Z M Li
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | | | | | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Masui
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - T S McShane
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Md Nasim
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - J M Nelson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - A Ohlson
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - V Okorokov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - E W Oldag
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - D L Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - M Pachr
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B S Page
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - S K Pal
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T Pawlak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W Peryt
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Planinic
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - N Poljak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | | | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Quintero
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - C K Riley
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J F Ross
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - E Sangaline
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | - N Shah
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R N Singaraju
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - D Solanki
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - J R Stevens
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - X Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X M Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - T J M Symons
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M A Szelezniak
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Takahashi
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - B A Trzeciak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Turnau
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G van Nieuwenhuizen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | | | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | | | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y P Viyogi
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - M Wada
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - X L Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Wang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - G Webb
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - Y F Wu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - J Xu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Y Xu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Yan
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Yi
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Y Zawisza
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | | | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J L Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z P Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - F Zhao
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Zhao
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y H Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt, Germany
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Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anson CD, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Balewski J, Banerjee A, Barnovska Z, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bültmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Corliss R, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cui X, Das S, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, Derradi de Souza R, Dhamija S, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Ding F, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Engle KS, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Fedorisin J, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Gliske S, Grosnick D, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hajkova O, Hamed A, Han LX, Haque R, Harris JW, Hays-Wehle JP, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Khan ZH, Kikola DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Korsch W, Kotchenda L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leight W, LeVine MJ, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lima LM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma YG, Madagodagettige Don DMMD, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Munhoz MG, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nelson JM, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Oliveira RAN, Pachr M, Page BS, Pal SK, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peryt W, Peterson A, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Plyku D, Poljak N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Pujahari PR, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ross JF, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandacz A, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Singaraju RN, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, deSouza UG, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sumbera M, Sun X, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szanto de Toledo A, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Vossen A, Wada M, Walker M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang XL, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Yan W, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang Y, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Zawisza Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang JB, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Beam energy dependence of moments of the net-charge multiplicity distributions in Au+Au collisions at RHIC. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:092301. [PMID: 25215979 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.092301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report the first measurements of the moments--mean (M), variance (σ(2)), skewness (S), and kurtosis (κ)--of the net-charge multiplicity distributions at midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at seven energies, ranging from sqrt[sNN]=7.7 to 200 GeV, as a part of the Beam Energy Scan program at RHIC. The moments are related to the thermodynamic susceptibilities of net charge, and are sensitive to the location of the QCD critical point. We compare the products of the moments, σ(2)/M, Sσ, and κσ(2), with the expectations from Poisson and negative binomial distributions (NBDs). The Sσ values deviate from the Poisson baseline and are close to the NBD baseline, while the κσ(2) values tend to lie between the two. Within the present uncertainties, our data do not show nonmonotonic behavior as a function of collision energy. These measurements provide a valuable tool to extract the freeze-out parameters in heavy-ion collisions by comparing with theoretical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - J Alford
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C D Anson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Balewski
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Z Barnovska
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - D R Beavis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Bichsel
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A V Brandin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - S G Brovko
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T P Burton
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - R Cendejas
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M C Cervantes
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - H F Chen
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Chen
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Chikanian
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | | | - R Corliss
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - J G Cramer
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X Cui
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | | | - L C De Silva
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | | | - S Dhamija
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - F Ding
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - P Djawotho
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K S Engle
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Eun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Gliske
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - Y Guo
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B Haag
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - O Hajkova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - L-X Han
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - J P Hays-Wehle
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - B Huang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Korea
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - D Kalinkin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Kauder
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Kesich
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - D P Kikola
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - T Kollegger
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - J Konzer
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - I Koralt
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - W Korsch
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - L Kotchenda
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - P Kravtsov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Kulakov
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - L Kumar
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - R A Kycia
- Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Leight
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - M J LeVine
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Li
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Li
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Z M Li
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - L M Lima
- Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | | | | | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Masui
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - T S McShane
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - M G Munhoz
- Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M K Mustafa
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Md Nasim
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - J M Nelson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - A Ohlson
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - V Okorokov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - E W Oldag
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - M Pachr
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B S Page
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - S K Pal
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T Pawlak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W Peryt
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Peterson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Planinic
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - D Plyku
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - N Poljak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | | | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Quintero
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - C K Riley
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J F Ross
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Sandacz
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - E Sangaline
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | - N Shah
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R N Singaraju
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - D Solanki
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - U G deSouza
- Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - J R Stevens
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - X Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X M Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - T J M Symons
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J Takahashi
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | | | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Turnau
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G van Nieuwenhuizen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | | | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y P Viyogi
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - M Wada
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - M Walker
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - X L Wang
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Wang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - G Webb
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - Y F Wu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Y Xu
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Yan
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C Yang
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Yi
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Zawisza
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | | | - W Zha
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z P Zhang
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - F Zhao
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y H Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
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Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anson CD, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Balewski J, Banerjee A, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bültmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Campbell JM, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Contin G, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cui X, Das S, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, Derradi de Souza R, Dhamija S, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Ding F, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Engle KS, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Fedorisin J, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Gliske S, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hamed A, Han LX, Haque R, Harris JW, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huang X, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Khan ZH, Kikola DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Kosarzewski LK, Kotchenda L, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, LeVine MJ, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma YG, Madagodagettige Don DMMD, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nelson JM, Nigmatkulov G, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Olvitt DL, Pachr M, Page BS, Pal SK, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peryt W, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Poljak N, Poniatowska K, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Pujahari PR, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ross JF, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Singaraju RN, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Sun X, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szelezniak MA, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Vossen A, Wada M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang XL, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu J, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Yan W, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang Y, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zawisza Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang JB, Zhang JL, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Measurement of longitudinal spin asymmetries for weak boson production in polarized proton-proton collisions at RHIC. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:072301. [PMID: 25170701 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.072301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report measurements of single- and double-spin asymmetries for W^{±} and Z/γ^{*} boson production in longitudinally polarized p+p collisions at sqrt[s]=510 GeV by the STAR experiment at RHIC. The asymmetries for W^{±} were measured as a function of the decay lepton pseudorapidity, which provides a theoretically clean probe of the proton's polarized quark distributions at the scale of the W mass. The results are compared to theoretical predictions, constrained by polarized deep inelastic scattering measurements, and show a preference for a sizable, positive up antiquark polarization in the range 0.05<x<0.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J Alford
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C D Anson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Balewski
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - D R Beavis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Bichsel
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | | | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A V Brandin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - S G Brovko
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T P Burton
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - J M Campbell
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - R Cendejas
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M C Cervantes
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - H F Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Chen
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Chikanian
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Chwastowski
- Cracow University of Technology, Cracow 31-155, Poland
| | | | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J G Cramer
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X Cui
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | | | - L C De Silva
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | | | - S Dhamija
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - F Ding
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - P Djawotho
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K S Engle
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Eun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - S Gliske
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - D S Gunarathne
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B Haag
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - L-X Han
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - B Huang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - D Kalinkin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Kauder
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Kesich
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - D P Kikola
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - T Kollegger
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - J Konzer
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - I Koralt
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | | | - L Kotchenda
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - P Kravtsov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Kulakov
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - L Kumar
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - R A Kycia
- Cracow University of Technology, Cracow 31-155, Poland
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M J LeVine
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Li
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Z M Li
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | | | | | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Masui
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - T S McShane
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Md Nasim
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - J M Nelson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan 609735, Republic of Korea
| | - A Ohlson
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - V Okorokov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - E W Oldag
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - D L Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - M Pachr
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B S Page
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - S K Pal
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T Pawlak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W Peryt
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Planinic
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - N Poljak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - K Poniatowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - P R Pujahari
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Quintero
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - C K Riley
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J F Ross
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
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- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - E Sangaline
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
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- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
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- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R N Singaraju
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - D Solanki
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - J R Stevens
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - X Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X M Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - T J M Symons
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Takahashi
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Sao Paulo 13131, Brazil
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - B A Trzeciak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Turnau
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G van Nieuwenhuizen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | | | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | | | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y P Viyogi
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - M Wada
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - X L Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Wang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - G Webb
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - Y F Wu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J Xu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Y Xu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Yan
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Yi
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan 609735, Republic of Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Y Zawisza
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J L Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z P Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - F Zhao
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Zhao
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y H Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anson CD, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Banerjee A, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bültmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Contin G, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cui X, Das S, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, Derradi de Souza R, Dhamija S, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Ding F, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Engle KS, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Fedorisin J, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Gliske S, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hamed A, Han LX, Haque R, Harris JW, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huang X, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Khan ZH, Kikola DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Kotchenda L, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, LeVine MJ, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma YG, Madagodagettige Don DMMD, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nelson JM, Nigmatkulov G, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Olvitt DL, Pachr M, Page BS, Pal SK, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peryt W, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Poljak N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Pujahari PR, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ross JF, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Singaraju RN, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Sun X, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szelezniak MA, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Vossen A, Wada M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang XL, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu J, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Yan W, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang Y, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zawisza Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang JB, Zhang JL, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Beam-energy dependence of charge separation along the magnetic field in Au+Au collisions at RHIC. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:052302. [PMID: 25126911 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.052302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Local parity-odd domains are theorized to form inside a quark-gluon plasma which has been produced in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. The local parity-odd domains manifest themselves as charge separation along the magnetic field axis via the chiral magnetic effect. The experimental observation of charge separation has previously been reported for heavy-ion collisions at the top RHIC energies. In this Letter, we present the results of the beam-energy dependence of the charge correlations in Au+Au collisions at midrapidity for center-of-mass energies of 7.7, 11.5, 19.6, 27, 39, and 62.4 GeV from the STAR experiment. After background subtraction, the signal gradually reduces with decreased beam energy and tends to vanish by 7.7 GeV. This implies the dominance of hadronic interactions over partonic ones at lower collision energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J Alford
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C D Anson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - D R Beavis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Bichsel
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | | | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A V Brandin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - S G Brovko
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T P Burton
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - R Cendejas
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M C Cervantes
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - H F Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Chen
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Chikanian
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Chwastowski
- Cracow University of Technology, Cracow 31-155, Poland
| | | | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J G Cramer
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X Cui
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | | | - L C De Silva
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | | | - S Dhamija
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - F Ding
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - P Djawotho
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K S Engle
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Eun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - S Gliske
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - D S Gunarathne
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B Haag
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - L-X Han
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - B Huang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - D Kalinkin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Kauder
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Kesich
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - D P Kikola
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - T Kollegger
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - J Konzer
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - I Koralt
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Kotchenda
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - P Kravtsov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Kulakov
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - L Kumar
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - R A Kycia
- Cracow University of Technology, Cracow 31-155, Poland
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M J LeVine
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Li
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Z M Li
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | | | | | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Masui
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - T S McShane
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Md Nasim
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - J M Nelson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan 609735, Korea
| | - A Ohlson
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - V Okorokov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - E W Oldag
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - D L Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - M Pachr
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B S Page
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - S K Pal
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T Pawlak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W Peryt
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Planinic
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - N Poljak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - P R Pujahari
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Quintero
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - C K Riley
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J F Ross
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - E Sangaline
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R N Singaraju
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - D Solanki
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - J R Stevens
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - X Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X M Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - T J M Symons
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M A Szelezniak
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Takahashi
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Sao Paulo 13131, Brazil
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - B A Trzeciak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Turnau
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G van Nieuwenhuizen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | | | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | | | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y P Viyogi
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S A Voloshin
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - M Wada
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - X L Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Wang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - G Webb
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - Y F Wu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J Xu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Y Xu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Yan
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Yi
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan 609735, Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Y Zawisza
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J L Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z P Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - F Zhao
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Zhao
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y H Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anson CD, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Banerjee A, Barnovska Z, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bültmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cui X, Das S, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, Derradi de Souza R, Dhamija S, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Ding F, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Engle KS, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Fedorisin J, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Gliske S, Grosnick D, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hajkova O, Hamed A, Han LX, Haque R, Harris JW, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huang X, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Khan ZH, Kikola DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Korsch W, Kotchenda L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, LeVine MJ, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lima LM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma YG, Madagodagettige Don DMMD, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Munhoz MG, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nelson JM, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Oliveira RAN, Pachr M, Page BS, Pal SK, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peryt W, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Plyku D, Poljak N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Pujahari PR, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ross JF, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandacz A, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Singaraju RN, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, deSouza UG, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sumbera M, Sun X, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szanto de Toledo A, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Vossen A, Wada M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang XL, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Yan W, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang Y, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Zawisza Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang JB, Zhang JL, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Dielectron mass spectra from Au+Au collisions at √[s(NN)]=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:022301. [PMID: 25062167 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.022301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report the STAR measurements of dielectron (e(+)e(-)) production at midrapidity (|y(ee)|<1) in Au+Au collisions at √[s(NN)]=200 GeV. The measurements are evaluated in different invariant mass regions with a focus on 0.30-0.76 (ρ-like), 0.76-0.80 (ω-like), and 0.98-1.05 (ϕ-like) GeV/c(2). The spectrum in the ω-like and ϕ-like regions can be well described by the hadronic cocktail simulation. In the ρ-like region, however, the vacuum ρ spectral function cannot describe the shape of the dielectron excess. In this range, an enhancement of 1.77±0.11(stat)±0.24(syst)±0.33(cocktail) is determined with respect to the hadronic cocktail simulation that excludes the ρ meson. The excess yield in the ρ-like region increases with the number of collision participants faster than the ω and ϕ yields. Theoretical models with broadened ρ contributions through interactions with constituents in the hot QCD medium provide a consistent description of the dilepton mass spectra for the measurement presented here and the earlier data at the Super Proton Synchrotron energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - J Alford
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C D Anson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Z Barnovska
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/1:108793 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - D R Beavis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Bichsel
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/1:108793 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A V Brandin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow Russia
| | - S G Brovko
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T P Burton
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - R Cendejas
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M C Cervantes
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - H F Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Chen
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Chikanian
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | | | - J G Cramer
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X Cui
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | | | - L C De Silva
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | | | - S Dhamija
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - F Ding
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - P Djawotho
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K S Engle
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Eun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Gliske
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B Haag
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - O Hajkova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - L-X Han
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - B Huang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Korea
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - D Kalinkin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Kauder
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Kesich
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - D P Kikola
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - T Kollegger
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - J Konzer
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - I Koralt
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - W Korsch
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - L Kotchenda
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow Russia
| | - P Kravtsov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Kulakov
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - L Kumar
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - R A Kycia
- Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M J LeVine
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Li
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Z M Li
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - L M Lima
- Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | | | | | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Masui
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - T S McShane
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - M G Munhoz
- Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Md Nasim
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - J M Nelson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - A Ohlson
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - V Okorokov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow Russia
| | - E W Oldag
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - M Pachr
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B S Page
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - S K Pal
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T Pawlak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W Peryt
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Planinic
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - D Plyku
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - N Poljak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - P R Pujahari
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Quintero
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - C K Riley
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J F Ross
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/1:108793 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Sandacz
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - E Sangaline
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | - N Shah
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R N Singaraju
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - D Solanki
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - U G deSouza
- Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - J R Stevens
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow Russia
| | | | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/1:108793 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - X Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X M Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - T J M Symons
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J Takahashi
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/1:108793 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | | | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Turnau
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G van Nieuwenhuizen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai 400076, India
| | | | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/1:108793 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y P Viyogi
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - M Wada
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - X L Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Wang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - G Webb
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - Y F Wu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Y Xu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Yan
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Yi
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Zawisza
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | | | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J L Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z P Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - F Zhao
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Zhao
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China and Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y H Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
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Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anson CD, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Banerjee A, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bültmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Contin G, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cui X, Das S, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, Derradi de Souza R, Dhamija S, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Ding F, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Engle KS, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Fedorisin J, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Gliske S, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hamed A, Han LX, Haque R, Harris JW, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huang X, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Khan ZH, Kikola DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Kotchenda L, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Levine MJ, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma YG, Madagodagettige Don DMMD, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nelson JM, Nigmatkulov G, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Olvitt DL, Pachr M, Page BS, Pal SK, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peryt W, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Poljak N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Pujahari PR, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ross JF, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Singaraju RN, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Sun X, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szelezniak MA, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Vossen A, Wada M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang XL, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu J, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Yan W, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang Y, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zawisza Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang JB, Zhang JL, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Beam-energy dependence of the directed flow of protons, antiprotons, and pions in Au+Au collisions. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:162301. [PMID: 24815640 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.162301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Rapidity-odd directed flow (v1) measurements for charged pions, protons, and antiprotons near midrapidity (y=0) are reported in sNN=7.7, 11.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 62.4, and 200 GeV Au+Au collisions as recorded by the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. At intermediate impact parameters, the proton and net-proton slope parameter dv1/dy|y=0 shows a minimum between 11.5 and 19.6 GeV. In addition, the net-proton dv1/dy|y=0 changes sign twice between 7.7 and 39 GeV. The proton and net-proton results qualitatively resemble predictions of a hydrodynamic model with a first-order phase transition from hadronic matter to deconfined matter, and differ from hadronic transport calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - J Alford
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C D Anson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - D R Beavis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Bichsel
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A V Brandin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - S G Brovko
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T P Burton
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - R Cendejas
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M C Cervantes
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - H F Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Chen
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Chikanian
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | | | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J G Cramer
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X Cui
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | | | - L C De Silva
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | | | - S Dhamija
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - F Ding
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - P Djawotho
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K S Engle
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland, 21402, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Eun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Gliske
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - D S Gunarathne
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B Haag
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - L-X Han
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - B Huang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Korea
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - D Kalinkin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Kauder
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Kesich
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - D P Kikola
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - T Kollegger
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - J Konzer
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - I Koralt
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Kotchenda
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - P Kravtsov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Kulakov
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - L Kumar
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - R A Kycia
- Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M J Levine
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Li
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Z M Li
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | | | | | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Masui
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - T S McShane
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Md Nasim
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - J M Nelson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - A Ohlson
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - V Okorokov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - E W Oldag
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - D L Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - M Pachr
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B S Page
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - S K Pal
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T Pawlak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W Peryt
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Planinic
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - N Poljak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | | | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Quintero
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - C K Riley
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J F Ross
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - E Sangaline
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | - N Shah
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R N Singaraju
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - D Solanki
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - J R Stevens
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - X Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X M Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - T J M Symons
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M A Szelezniak
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Takahashi
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - B A Trzeciak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Turnau
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G van Nieuwenhuizen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | | | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | | | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - R Vertesi
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y P Viyogi
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - M Wada
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - X L Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Wang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - G Webb
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland, 21402, USA
| | - Y F Wu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - J Xu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Y Xu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Yan
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Yi
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Y Zawisza
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | | | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J L Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z P Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - F Zhao
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Zhao
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y H Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Germany
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Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anson CD, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Banerjee A, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bültmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Contin G, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cui X, Das S, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, Derradi de Souza R, Dhamija S, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Ding F, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Engle KS, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Fedorisin J, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Gliske S, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hamed A, Han LX, Haque R, Harris JW, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huang X, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Khan ZH, Kikola DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Kotchenda L, Kraishan AF, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, LeVine MJ, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma YG, Madagodagettige Don DMMD, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nelson JM, Nigmatkulov G, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Olvitt DL, Pachr M, Page BS, Pal SK, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peryt W, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Poljak N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Pujahari PR, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ross JF, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Singaraju RN, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Sumbera M, Sun X, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szelezniak MA, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vandenbroucke M, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Vossen A, Wada M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang XL, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu J, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Yan W, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang Y, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zawisza Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang JB, Zhang JL, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Jet-hadron correlations in √[s(NN)]=200 GeV p+p and central Au+Au collisions. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:122301. [PMID: 24724645 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.122301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Azimuthal angular correlations of charged hadrons with respect to the axis of a reconstructed (trigger) jet in Au+Au and p+p collisions at √[s(NN)]=200 GeV in STAR are presented. The trigger jet population in Au+Au collisions is biased toward jets that have not interacted with the medium, allowing easier matching of jet energies between Au+Au and p+p collisions while enhancing medium effects on the recoil jet. The associated hadron yield of the recoil jet is significantly suppressed at high transverse momentum (pTassoc) and enhanced at low pTassoc in 0%-20% central Au+Au collisions compared to p+p collisions, which is indicative of medium-induced parton energy loss in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - J Alford
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C D Anson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - D R Beavis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Bichsel
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A V Brandin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow Russia
| | - S G Brovko
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T P Burton
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - R Cendejas
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M C Cervantes
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - H F Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Chen
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Chikanian
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | | | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J G Cramer
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X Cui
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | | | - L C De Silva
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | | | - S Dhamija
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - F Ding
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - P Djawotho
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K S Engle
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Eun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - M Girard
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Gliske
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - D S Gunarathne
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Guo
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B Haag
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - L-X Han
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - R Haque
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - B Huang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - H Jang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Korea
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - D Kalinkin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - K Kauder
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Kesich
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Z H Khan
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - D P Kikola
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - T Kollegger
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - J Konzer
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
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- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow Russia
| | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - P Kravtsov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Kulakov
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - L Kumar
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - R A Kycia
- Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M J LeVine
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Li
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Z M Li
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - M Lomnitz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | | | | | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Masui
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - T S McShane
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - M K Mustafa
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Md Nasim
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - J M Nelson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - S Y Noh
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Korea
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Nurushev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - A Ohlson
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - V Okorokov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow Russia
| | - E W Oldag
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - D L Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - M Pachr
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B S Page
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - S K Pal
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T Pawlak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W Peryt
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Planinic
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - N Poljak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | | | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Quintero
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - C K Riley
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J F Ross
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Roy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - E Sangaline
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
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- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | - N Shah
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R N Singaraju
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - D Solanki
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - J R Stevens
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - R Stock
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow Russia
| | | | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - X Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X M Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
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- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
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- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | | | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
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- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
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- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y P Viyogi
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - M Wada
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - X L Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Wang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - G Webb
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - Y F Wu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - J Xu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Y Xu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Yan
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Yi
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Y Zawisza
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | | | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J L Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z P Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - F Zhao
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Zhao
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y H Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt, Germany
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Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anson CD, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Averichev GS, Balewski J, Banerjee A, Barnovska Z, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bültmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Corliss R, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cui X, Das S, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derevschikov AA, Derradi de Souza R, Dhamija S, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Dilks C, Ding F, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Engelage J, Engle KS, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Fedorisin J, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Girard M, Gliske S, Grosnick D, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hajkova O, Hamed A, Han LX, Haque R, Harris JW, Hays-Wehle JP, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jang H, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Khan ZH, Kikola DP, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Korsch W, Kotchenda L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Kycia RA, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leight W, LeVine MJ, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lima LM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma YG, Madagodagettige Don DMMD, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Morozov DA, Munhoz MG, Mustafa MK, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nelson JM, Nogach LV, Noh SY, Novak J, Nurushev SB, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Oliveira RAN, Pachr M, Page BS, Pal SK, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peryt W, Peterson A, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Plyku D, Poljak N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Pujahari PR, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ross JF, Roy A, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandacz A, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sharma B, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Singaraju RN, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, deSouza UG, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sumbera M, Sun X, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szanto de Toledo A, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Vasiliev AN, Vertesi R, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Vossen A, Wada M, Walker M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang XL, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Yan W, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang Y, Ye Z, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Zawisza Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang JB, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Energy dependence of moments of net-proton multiplicity distributions at RHIC. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:032302. [PMID: 24484135 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.032302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report the beam energy (sqrt[sNN]=7.7-200 GeV) and collision centrality dependence of the mean (M), standard deviation (σ), skewness (S), and kurtosis (κ) of the net-proton multiplicity distributions in Au+Au collisions. The measurements are carried out by the STAR experiment at midrapidity (|y|<0.5) and within the transverse momentum range 0.4<pT<0.8 GeV/c in the first phase of the Beam Energy Scan program at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. These measurements are important for understanding the quantum chromodynamic phase diagram. The products of the moments, Sσ and κσ2, are sensitive to the correlation length of the hot and dense medium created in the collisions and are related to the ratios of baryon number susceptibilities of corresponding orders. The products of moments are found to have values significantly below the Skellam expectation and close to expectations based on independent proton and antiproton production. The measurements are compared to a transport model calculation to understand the effect of acceptance and baryon number conservation and also to a hadron resonance gas model.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - J Alford
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C D Anson
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Balewski
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Z Barnovska
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - D R Beavis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Bichsel
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A V Brandin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - S G Brovko
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - S Bültmann
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- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
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- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
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- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
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- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
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- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
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- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
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Wu WF, Wang FP, Li JH, Yang XW, Xiao X, Pan YX. Iron reduction and mineralization of deep-sea iron reducing bacterium Shewanella piezotolerans WP3 at elevated hydrostatic pressures. Geobiology 2013; 11:593-601. [PMID: 24102974 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, iron reduction and concomitant biomineralization of a deep-sea iron reducing bacterium (IRB), Shewanella piezotolerans WP3, were systematically examined at different hydrostatic pressures (0.1, 5, 20, and 50 MPa). Our results indicate that bacterial iron reduction and induced biomineralization are influenced by hydrostatic pressure. Specifically, the iron reduction rate and extent consistently decreases with the increase in hydrostatic pressure. By extrapolation, the iron reduction rate should drop to zero by ~68 MPa, which suggests a possible shut-off of enzymatic iron reduction of WP3 at this pressure. Nano-sized superparamagnetic magnetite minerals are formed under all the experimental pressures; nevertheless, even as magnetite production decreases, the crystallinity and grain size of magnetite minerals increase at higher pressure. These results imply that IRB may play an important role in iron reduction, biomineralization, and biogeochemical cycling in deep-sea environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- W F Wu
- Biogeomagnetism Group, Paleomagnetism and Geochronology Lab, Key Laboratory of the Earth's Deep Interior, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; France-China Bio-Mineralization and Nano-Structures Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anson CD, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer E, Averichev GS, Balewski J, Banerjee A, Barnovska Z, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Betancourt MJ, Betts RR, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bruna E, Bültmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Cai XZ, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen JY, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chung P, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Corliss R, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cui X, Das S, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derradi de Souza R, Dhamija S, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Ding F, Dion A, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Elnimr M, Engelage J, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Fedorisin J, Fersch RG, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores E, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Gliske S, Grebenyuk OG, Grosnick D, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hajkova O, Hamed A, Han LX, Harris JW, Hays-Wehle JP, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kang K, Kapitan J, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Kikola DP, Kiryluk J, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Klein SR, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Korsch W, Kotchenda L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, Lapointe S, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leight W, LeVine MJ, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lima LM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Lu Y, Luo X, Luszczak A, Ma GL, Ma YG, Madagodagettige Don DMMD, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Mioduszewski S, Mitrovski MK, Mohammed Y, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Munhoz MG, Mustafa MK, Naglis M, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nelson JM, Nogach LV, Novak J, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Oliveira RAN, Olson D, Pachr M, Page BS, Pal SK, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peryt W, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Poljak N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Powell CB, Pruneau C, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Pujahari PR, Putschke J, Qiu H, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ross JF, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandacz A, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke B, Schmitz N, Schuster TR, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shao M, Sharma B, Sharma M, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Singaraju RN, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, Desouza UG, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Suarez MC, Sumbera M, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szanto de Toledo A, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarini LH, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Tian J, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Vossen A, Wada M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang Q, Wang XL, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Whitten C, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu W, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xue L, Yang Y, Yang Y, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Zawisza M, Zbroszczyk H, Zhang JB, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Measurement of J/ψ azimuthal anisotropy in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s(NN)]=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:052301. [PMID: 23952389 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.052301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The measurement of J/ψ azimuthal anisotropy is presented as a function of transverse momentum for different centralities in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s(NN)]=200 GeV. The measured J/ψ elliptic flow is consistent with zero within errors for transverse momentum between 2 and 10 GeV/c. Our measurement suggests that J/ψ particles with relatively large transverse momenta are not dominantly produced by coalescence from thermalized charm quarks, when comparing to model calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
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Adamczyk L, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anson CD, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer E, Averichev GS, Balewski J, Banerjee A, Barnovska Z, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Betancourt MJ, Betts RR, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bhattarai P, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bruna E, Bültmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Cai XZ, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chang Z, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen JY, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chung P, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Corliss R, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cui X, Das S, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derradi de Souza R, Dhamija S, di Ruzza B, Didenko L, Ding F, Dion A, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Elnimr M, Engelage J, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Fedorisin J, Fersch RG, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores E, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Garand D, Geurts F, Gibson A, Gliske S, Grebenyuk OG, Grosnick D, Gupta A, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hajkova O, Hamed A, Han LX, Harris JW, Hays-Wehle JP, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kang K, Kapitan J, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Kikola DP, Kiryluk J, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Klein SR, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Korsch W, Kotchenda L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulakov I, Kumar L, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, Landry KD, LaPointe S, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leight W, LeVine MJ, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lima LM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Lu Y, Luo X, Luszczak A, Ma GL, Ma YG, Madagodagettige Don DMMD, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Mioduszewski S, Mitrovski MK, Mohammed Y, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Munhoz MG, Mustafa MK, Naglis M, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nelson JM, Nogach LV, Novak J, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Oliveira RAN, Olson D, Pachr M, Page BS, Pal SK, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peryt W, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Poljak N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Powell CB, Pruneau C, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Pujahari PR, Putschke J, Qiu H, Ramachandran S, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ross JF, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandacz A, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmidke B, Schmitz N, Schuster TR, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shao M, Sharma B, Sharma M, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Singaraju RN, Skoby MJ, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, deSouza UG, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Suarez MC, Sumbera M, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szanto de Toledo A, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarini LH, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Tian J, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Vossen A, Wada M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang Q, Wang XL, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Whitten C, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu W, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xue L, Yang Y, Yang Y, Yepes P, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Zawisza M, Zbroszczyk H, Zhang JB, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y, Zyzak M. Observation of an energy-dependent difference in elliptic flow between particles and antiparticles in relativistic heavy ion collisions. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:142301. [PMID: 25166982 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.142301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Elliptic flow (v(2)) values for identified particles at midrapidity in Au + Au collisions, measured by the STAR experiment in the beam energy scan at RHIC at sqrt[s(NN)] = 7.7-62.4 GeV, are presented. A beam-energy-dependent difference of the values of v(2) between particles and corresponding antiparticles was observed. The difference increases with decreasing beam energy and is larger for baryons compared to mesons. This implies that, at lower energies, particles and antiparticles are not consistent with the universal number-of-constituent-quark scaling of v(2) that was observed at sqrt[s(NN)] = 200 GeV.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - J Alford
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C D Anson
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Balewski
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - A Banerjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Z Barnovska
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - D R Beavis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - M J Betancourt
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - R R Betts
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - P Bhattarai
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Bichsel
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - J Bouchet
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A V Brandin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - S G Brovko
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - E Bruna
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T P Burton
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - X Z Cai
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - R Cendejas
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M C Cervantes
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Z Chang
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - H F Chen
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - J Y Chen
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - L Chen
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - A Chikanian
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - P Chung
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - R Corliss
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - J G Cramer
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X Cui
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S Das
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | | | - L C De Silva
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - R R Debbe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J Deng
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | | | - S Dhamija
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - B di Ruzza
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - F Ding
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Dion
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - P Djawotho
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J E Draper
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C M Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Elnimr
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Eun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - R G Fersch
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - D Garand
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - S Gliske
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - O G Grebenyuk
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B Haag
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - O Hajkova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - L-X Han
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - J P Hays-Wehle
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - D J Hofman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - B Huang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - P Huck
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T J Humanic
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - C Jena
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - J Kapitan
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - K Kauder
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - H W Ke
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - A Kesich
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - D P Kikola
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - J Kiryluk
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - I Kisel
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S R Klein
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D D Koetke
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | | | - J Konzer
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - I Koralt
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - W Korsch
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - L Kotchenda
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - P Kravtsov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Kulakov
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - L Kumar
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - M A C Lamont
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K D Landry
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - S LaPointe
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Leight
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - M J LeVine
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Li
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Li
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - X Li
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Z M Li
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - L M Lima
- Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M A Lisa
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y Lu
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - A Luszczak
- Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | | | | | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H Masui
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D McDonald
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - T S McShane
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | | | - M K Mitrovski
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y Mohammed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - M G Munhoz
- Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M K Mustafa
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - M Naglis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Nandi
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Md Nasim
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - T K Nayak
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - J M Nelson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
| | - J Novak
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - A Ohlson
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - V Okorokov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - E W Oldag
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - D Olson
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Pachr
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague, 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B S Page
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - S K Pal
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Y X Pan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Pandit
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - T Pawlak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - H Pei
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W Peryt
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - P Pile
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Planinic
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb, HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - N Poljak
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb, HR-10002, Croatia
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A M Poskanzer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C B Powell
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C Pruneau
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | | | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - R Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - S Raniwala
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - C K Riley
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J F Ross
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Sakrejda
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Salur
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Sandacz
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - E Sangaline
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - J Schambach
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | | | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
| | - N Shah
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Shao
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - B Sharma
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Sharma
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R N Singaraju
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - D Solanki
- University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - U G deSouza
- Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - J R Stevens
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - R Stock
- University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - M Strikhanov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - M C Suarez
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - X M Sun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
| | - T J M Symons
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - J Takahashi
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - L H Tarini
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Tian
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | | | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Turnau
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G van Nieuwenhuizen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | | | - R Varma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | | | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y P Viyogi
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S A Voloshin
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - M Wada
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - H Wang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - Q Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - X L Wang
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - G Webb
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - C Whitten
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - Y F Wu
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Xin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - H Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - W Xu
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Xu
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Xue
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
| | - Y Yang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - P Yepes
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - L Yi
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - M Zawisza
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - J B Zhang
- Central China Normal University (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z P Zhang
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - F Zhao
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y H Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Zoulkarneeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Zyzak
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Liu HW, Shi RF, Wang XF, Pan YX, Zang GY, Ma ZY. Cloning of a phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase gene based on fiber strength transcriptome QTL mapping in the cotton species Gossypium barbadense. Genet Mol Res 2012; 11:3367-78. [PMID: 22869083 DOI: 10.4238/2012.july.13.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Sea Island cotton (Gossypium barbadense) is highly valued for its superior fiber qualities, especially fiber strength. Based on a transcript-derived fragment originated from transcriptome QTL mapping, a fiber strength related candidate gene of phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase cDNA, designated as GbPI4K, was first cloned, and its expression was characterized in the secondary cell wall thickening stage of G. barbadense fibers. The ORF of GbPI4K was found to be 1926 bp in length and encoded a predicted protein of 641 amino acid residues. The putative protein contained a clear PI3/4K kinase catalytic domain and fell into the plant type II PI4K cluster in phylogenetic analysis. In this study, the expression of cotton PI4K protein was also induced in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) as a fused protein. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that the gene expressed in the root, hypocotyl and leaf of the cotton plants. Real-time RT-PCR indicated that this gene in Sea Island cotton fibers expressed 10 days longer than that in Upland cotton fibers, and the main expression difference of PI4K between Sea Island cotton and Upland cotton in fibers was located in the secondary cell wall thickening stage of the fiber. Further analysis indicated that PI4K is a crucial factor in the ability of Rac proteins to regulate phospholipid signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Liu
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
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Adamczyk L, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alakhverdyants AV, Alekseev I, Alford J, Anderson BD, Anson CD, Arkhipkin D, Averichev GS, Balewski J, Banerjee A, Barnovska Z, Beavis DR, Bellwied R, Betancourt MJ, Betts RR, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bichsel H, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Borowski W, Bouchet J, Brandin AV, Brovko SG, Bruna E, Bueltmann S, Bunzarov I, Burton TP, Butterworth J, Cai XZ, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Cendejas R, Cervantes MC, Chaloupka P, Chattopadhyay S, Chen HF, Chen JH, Chen JY, Chen L, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chikanian A, Christie W, Chung P, Chwastowski J, Codrington MJM, Corliss R, Cramer JG, Crawford HJ, Cui X, Davila Leyva A, De Silva LC, Debbe RR, Dedovich TG, Deng J, Derradi de Souza R, Dhamija S, Didenko L, Ding F, Djawotho P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Draper JE, Du CM, Dunkelberger LE, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Elnimr M, Engelage J, Eppley G, Eun L, Evdokimov O, Fatemi R, Fedorisin J, Fersch RG, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Gagliardi CA, Gangadharan DR, Geurts F, Gliske S, Gorbunov YN, Grebenyuk OG, Grosnick D, Gupta S, Guryn W, Haag B, Hajkova O, Hamed A, Han LX, Harris JW, Hays-Wehle JP, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A, Hoffmann GW, Hofman DJ, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huck P, Humanic TJ, Huo L, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Joseph J, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kang K, Kapitan J, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kesich A, Kettler D, Kikola DP, Kiryluk J, Kisiel A, Kizka V, Klein SR, Koetke DD, Kollegger T, Konzer J, Koralt I, Koroleva L, Korsch W, Kotchenda L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kumar L, Lamont MAC, Landgraf JM, LaPointe S, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leight W, LeVine MJ, Li C, Li L, Li W, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Li ZM, Lima LM, Lisa MA, Liu F, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Lu Y, Luo X, Luszczak A, Ma GL, Ma YG, Mahapatra DP, Majka R, Mall OI, Margetis S, Markert C, Masui H, Matis HS, McDonald D, McShane TS, Mioduszewski S, Mitrovski MK, Mohammed Y, Mohanty B, Morozov B, Munhoz MG, Mustafa MK, Naglis M, Nandi BK, Nasim M, Nayak TK, Nogach LV, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Ohlson A, Okorokov V, Oldag EW, Oliveira RAN, Olson D, Pachr M, Page BS, Pal SK, Pan YX, Pandit Y, Panebratsev Y, Pawlak T, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Peryt W, Pile P, Planinic M, Pluta J, Plyku D, Poljak N, Porter J, Poskanzer AM, Powell CB, Prindle D, Pruneau C, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Pujahari PR, Putschke J, Qiu H, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Ray RL, Redwine R, Reed R, Riley CK, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo NR, Sakrejda I, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sangaline E, Sarkar A, Schambach J, Scharenberg RP, Schmah AM, Schmitz N, Schuster TR, Seele J, Seger J, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shao M, Sharma B, Sharma M, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Singaraju RN, Skoby MJ, Smirnov N, Solanki D, Sorensen P, deSouza UG, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Steadman SG, Stevens JR, Stock R, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Suarez MC, Sumbera M, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Z, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Symons TJM, Szanto de Toledo A, Takahashi J, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarini LH, Tarnowsky T, Thein D, Thomas JH, Tian J, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Trainor TA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Turnau J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Van Buren G, van Nieuwenhuizen G, Vanfossen JA, Varma R, Vasconcelos GMS, Videbæk F, Viyogi YP, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Vossen A, Wada M, Wang F, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JS, Wang Q, Wang XL, Wang Y, Webb G, Webb JC, Westfall GD, Whitten C, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Witzke W, Wu YF, Xiao Z, Xie W, Xin K, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu W, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xue L, Yang Y, Yang Y, Yepes P, Yi Y, Yip K, Yoo IK, Zawisza M, Zbroszczyk H, Zhang JB, Zhang S, Zhang WM, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZP, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhu X, Zhu YH, Zoulkarneeva Y. Directed flow of identified particles in Au+Au collisions at √[SNN]=200 GeV at RHIC. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:202301. [PMID: 23003142 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.202301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
STAR's measurements of directed flow (v1) around midrapidity for π±, K±, KS0, p, and p[over ¯] in Au+Au collisions at √[sNN]=200 GeV are presented. A negative v1(y) slope is observed for most of produced particles (π±, K±, KS0, and p[over ¯]). In 5%-30% central collisions, a sizable difference is present between the v1(y) slope of protons and antiprotons, with the former being consistent with zero within errors. The v1 excitation function is presented. Comparisons to model calculations (RQMD, UrQMD, AMPT, QGSM with parton recombination, and a hydrodynamics model with a tilted source) are made. For those models which have calculations of v1 for both pions and protons, none of them can describe v1(y) for pions and protons simultaneously. The hydrodynamics model with a tilted source as currently implemented cannot explain the centrality dependence of the difference between the v1(y) slopes of protons and antiprotons.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Adamczyk
- Krakow University of Technology, Crakow, Poland
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Xiao F, Xue YN, Pan YX, Zhang QY. White light generation in Eu- and Mn-codoped Ca(7)Mg(2)P(6)O(24) phosphor for white light-emitting diodes. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2010; 77:638-642. [PMID: 20674474 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2010.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2010] [Revised: 06/24/2010] [Accepted: 07/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Polycrystalline Ca(7)Mg(2)P(6)O(24):Eu(2+),Mn(2+) phosphors were prepared by a solid-state reaction under a weak reductive atmosphere. The phosphors have been characterized by X-ray diffraction and fluorescence measurements. The results show that the obtained phosphors are of single-phase rhombohedral Ca(7)Mg(2)P(6)O(24). Upon excitation of 355nm ultraviolet (UV) light, two intense broad bands have clearly been observed due to the allowed 5d-4f transition of Eu(2+) and the forbidden (4)T(1)-(6)A(1) transition of Mn(2+), respectively. A white light has been obtained from Ca(7)Mg(2)P(6)O(24):0.035Eu(2+),0.5Mn(2+) phosphor with CIE chromaticity coordinates of (x=0.32, y=0.29) and color temperature of 6175K. These results suggest that Ca(7)Mg(2)P(6)O(24):Eu(2+),Mn(2+) phosphors could be a promising candidate for UV-converting white light-emitting diodes (LEDs).
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Affiliation(s)
- F Xiao
- Institute of Optical Communication Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Zhu RX, Potts R, Pan YX, Yao HT, Lü LQ, Zhao X, Gao X, Chen LW, Gao F, Deng CL. Early evidence of the genus Homo in East Asia. J Hum Evol 2008; 55:1075-85. [PMID: 18842287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2008.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2007] [Revised: 07/03/2008] [Accepted: 05/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The timing and route of the earliest dispersal from Africa to Eastern Asia are contentious topics in the study of early human evolution because Asian hominin fossil sites with precise age constraints are very limited. Here we report new high-resolution magnetostratigraphic results that place stringent age controls on excavated hominin incisors and stone tools from the Yuanmou Basin, southwest China. The hominin-bearing layer resides in a reverse polarity magnetozone just above the upper boundary of the Olduvai subchron, yielding an estimated age of 1.7Ma. The finding represents the age of the earliest documented presence of Homo, with affinities to Homo erectus, in mainland East Asia. This age estimate is roughly the same as for H. erectus in island Southeast Asia and immediately prior to the oldest archaeological evidence in northeast Asia. Mammalian fauna and pollen obtained directly from the hominin site indicate that the Yuanmou hominins lived in a varied habitat of open vegetation with patches of bushland and forest on an alluvial fan close to a lake or swamp. The age and location are consistent with a rapid southern migration route of initial hominin populations into Eastern Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- R X Zhu
- Paleomagnetism and Geochronology Laboratory (SKL-LE), Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.
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Abstract
The luminescence efficiency of Mn4+-doped CaAl12O19 (Mn:CAO) is significantly improved by composition modification. The leading mechanism that quenches the Mn4+ photoluminescence is the formation of Mn4+ pairs in the lattice of CaAl12O19 (CAO) with interstitial O2- for charge compensation. Mixing Mg2+ ions into the CAO lattice may form Mn4+-Mg2+ pairs and reduce the number of Mn4+ pairs, thus enhancing the Mn4+ luminescence efficiency by more than three times. It is shown that the presence of Mg2+ leads to formation of additional phases that also affect the optical properties of Mn4+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y X Pan
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
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Yang CH, Pan YX, Zhang QY, Jiang ZH. Cooperative Energy Transfer and Frequency Upconversion in Yb3+–Tb3+ and Nd3+–Yb3+–Tb3+ Codoped GdAl3(BO3)4 Phosphors. J Fluoresc 2007; 17:500-4. [PMID: 17609865 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-007-0200-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2007] [Accepted: 05/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Polycrystalline GdAl(3)(BO(3))(4) phosphors co-doped with Yb(3+)/Tb(3+) and/or Nd(3+)/Yb(3+)/Tb(3+) have been synthesized by combustion method. Upon excitation with a 980 nm laser diode, an intense green upconversion luminescence has been observed in GdAl(3)(BO(3))(4):Yb,Tb phosphor. The quadratic dependence of the luminescence on the pump-laser power indicating a cooperative energy transfer process. Meanwhile, it is noticed that upon excitation with 808 nm laser diode, intense luminescence has clearly been detected in GdAl(3)(BO(3))(4):Nd,Yb,Tb phosphor. The luminescence intensity exhibits also a quadratic dependence on incident pump-laser power. However, no green-emission has been observed in GdAl(3)(BO(3))(4) phosphors co-doped with Yb(3+)/Tb(3+) or Nd(3+)/Tb(3+) respectively upon excited at 808 nm laser diode. A proposed upconversion mechanism involving energy transfer from Nd(3+) to Yb(3+), and then a cooperative energy transfer process from two excited Yb(3+) to Tb(3+) has been presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Yang
- Key Lab of Specially Functional Materials, Ministry of Education and Institute of Optical Communication, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, People's Republic of China
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41
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Pan YX, Zhang QY, Jiang ZH. Comparative Investigation on Nanocrystal Structure and Luminescence Properties of Gadolinium Molybdates Codoped with Er3+/Yb3+. J Fluoresc 2007; 17:444-51. [PMID: 17510779 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-007-0191-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2006] [Accepted: 04/03/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports on the comparative investigation of nanocrystal structure and luminescence properties of Er(3+)/Yb(3+)-codoped gadolinium molybdate nanocrystals Gd(2)(MoO(4))(3) and Gd(2)MoO(6) synthesized by the Pechini method with citric acid and ethylene glycol. Their crystallization, structure transformation, and morphologies have been investigated by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric/differential scanning calorimetry, and transmission electron microscopy. It is noticed that Er(3+)/Yb(3+)-codoped monoclinic Gd(2)(MoO(4))(3) nanocrystals have shown an intense upconversion through a sintering of the organic complex precursor at 600 degrees C. Furthermore, it transforms to orthorhombic Gd(2)(MoO(4))(3) when the precursor is sintered at 900 degrees C. In counterpart of monoclinic Gd(2)MoO(6), however, the monoclinic structure remains unchanged when the precursor is sintered at a temperature ranging from 600 degrees C to 900 degrees C. Intense visible emissions of Er(3+) attributed to the transitions of (2)H(11/2), (4)S(3/2)-(4)I(15/2) at 520 and 550 nm, and (4)F(9/2)-(4)I(15/2) at 650 nm have been observed upon an excitation with a UV source and a 980 nm laser diode, and the involved mechanisms have been explained. It is quite interesting to observe obvious differences both in the excitation and the upconversion emission spectra of Er(3+)/Yb(3+)-codoped Gd(2)(MoO(4))(3) respectively with monoclinic and orthorhombic structure. The quadratic dependence of fluorescence on excitation laser power has confirmed that two-photons contribute to upconversion of the green-red emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y X Pan
- Key Lab of Specially Functional Materials of Ministry of Education and Institute of Optical communication, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, People's Republic of China
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La YJ, Wan CL, Zhu H, Yang YF, Chen YS, Pan YX, Feng GY, He L. Decreased levels of apolipoprotein A-I in plasma of schizophrenic patients. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2006; 114:657-63. [PMID: 17165100 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-006-0607-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2005] [Accepted: 11/05/2006] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to identify the effects of antipsychotics on plasma proteins, and on the proteins associated with schizophrenia. We applied proteomics technology to screen protein aberrations in Sprague-Dawley rats treated with antipsychotics and schizophrenic patients undergoing medication. ApoA-I was found significantly increased in the chlorpromazine-treated rats and decreased in the patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia, which suggest that decreased levels of apoA-I might be associated with the pathology of schizophrenia and that chlorpromazine increases apoA-I levels as part of its therapeutic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J La
- Bio-X Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
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He G, Zhang J, Li XW, Chen WY, Pan YX, Yang FP, Gu NF, Feng GY, Yang SL, He JY, Liu BX, Peng YW, Liu J, He L. Interleukin-10 −1082 promoter polymorphism is associated with schizophrenia in a Han Chinese sib-pair study. Neurosci Lett 2006; 394:1-4. [PMID: 16378687 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2005.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2005] [Revised: 06/23/2005] [Accepted: 06/24/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene has been identified as a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia in Caucasians. A previous case-control study conducted by our group revealed a weak association between polymorphism, -592C/A, of the IL-10 gene promoter and schizophrenia. Our present study was aimed at confirming the association of the IL-10 promoter with schizophrenia using 197 Han Chinese sib-pair families. A family-based association test (FBAT) and haplotype analysis was undertaken using the FBAT v1.5.5. The global TDT was significant for a different polymorphism, -1082G/A (chi2=13.16, P=0.000285) and that the allele -1082G was preferentially transmitted to schizophrenia-affected children. Furthermore, haplotype TDT analysis showed that haplotype "GCC" was significantly associated with the disease (chi2=8.1, P=0.00443). Our results also indicate that the IL-10 gene may play a significant role in the etiology of schizophrenia among Han Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- G He
- Bio-X Life Science Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, PR China
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Israel Y, Kandov Y, Khaimova E, Kest A, Lewis SR, Pasternak GW, Pan YX, Rossi GC, Bodnar RJ. NPY-induced feeding: pharmacological characterization using selective opioid antagonists and antisense probes in rats. Peptides 2005; 26:1167-75. [PMID: 15949635 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2005.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2004] [Revised: 01/20/2005] [Accepted: 01/24/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The ability of neuropeptide Y to potently stimulate food intake is dependent in part upon the functioning of mu and kappa opioid receptors. The combined use of selective opioid antagonists directed against mu, delta or kappa receptors and antisense probes directed against specific exons of the MOR-1, DOR-1, KOR-1 and KOR-3/ORL-1 opioid receptor genes has been successful in characterizing the precise receptor subpopulations mediating feeding elicited by opioid peptides and agonists as well as homeostatic challenges. The present study examined the dose-dependent (5-80 nmol) cerebroventricular actions of general and selective mu, delta, and kappa1 opioid receptor antagonists together with antisense probes directed against each of the four exons of the MOR-1 opioid receptor gene and each of the three exons of the DOR-1, KOR-1, and KOR-3/ORL-1 opioid receptor genes upon feeding elicited by cerebroventricular NPY (0.47 nmol, 2 ug). NPY-induced feeding was dose-dependently decreased and sometimes eliminated following pretreatment with general, mu, delta, and kappa1 opioid receptor antagonists. Moreover, NPY-induced feeding was significantly and markedly reduced by antisense probes directed against exons 1, 2, and 3 of the MOR-1 gene, exons 1 and 2 of the DOR-1 gene, exons 1, 2, and 3 of the KOR-1 gene, and exon 3 of the KOR-3/ORL-1 gene. Thus, whereas the opioid peptides, beta-endorphin and dynorphin A(1-17) elicit feeding responses that are respectively more dependent upon mu and kappa opioid receptors and their genes, the opioid mediation of NPY-induced feeding appears to involve all three major opioid receptor subtypes in a manner similar to that observed for feeding responses following glucoprivation or lipoprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Israel
- Department of Psychology, Queens College, City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY 11367, USA
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Bian L, Yang JD, Guo TW, Sun Y, Duan SW, Chen WY, Pan YX, Feng GY, He L. Insulin-degrading enzyme and Alzheimer disease: a genetic association study in the Han Chinese. Neurology 2005; 63:241-5. [PMID: 15277615 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000129987.70037.db] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gene for insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) represents a strong positional and biologic candidate for late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD) susceptibility. IDE is located on chromosome 10q23.3 close to a region of linkage for LOAD. In addition, many studies have identified a possible role of IDE in the degradation of amyloid beta-protein and the intracellular amyloid precursor protein (APP) domain released by gamma-secretase processing. OBJECTIVE To examine the association of IDE with AD in the Han Chinese. METHODS Four IDE polymorphisms (three in 5'-untranslated region and one in intron 21) were analyzed, using a population of 210 patients with LOAD and 200 control subjects well matched for age, sex, and ethnic background. RESULTS Among the four polymorphisms studied, only the C allele of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) IDE2 showed association with AD (p = 0.005). Stratification of the data by APOE epsilon4 status indicated that the association between IDE2 and AD was confined to APOE epsilon4 carriers only. No association was found between all variants studied and AD within APOE epsilon4-negative subjects. The global haplotype frequencies showed significant differences between AD patients and control subjects. Furthermore, overrepresentation of GCTG haplotype in the AD group was found. It may be a risk haplotype for AD. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest a possible synergic interaction between IDE and APOE epsilon4 in the risk to develop late-onset sporadic AD. IDE might modify the effect of the APOE epsilon4 risk factor in the Han Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bian
- Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
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Abstract
Absorption of dietary protein can be mediated through the uptake of AA as free AA or small peptides. A H(+)-coupled, peptide transport protein, PepT1, is responsible for the absorption of small peptides arising from digestion of dietary proteins in the small intestine. The magnitude of peptide absorption and the nutritional significance of PepT1 are unknown for many food-producing animals; thus, the objective of this study was to clone and determine the functional characteristics of the pig PepT1 (pPepT1). Two cDNA-encoding pPepT1 were isolated, which contain alternative polyadenylation sites. The predicted pPepT1 is a 708-AA protein, which shows 82.8, 85.7, and 64.7% AA identity to human, sheep, and chicken PepT1, respectively. On northern blots, two pPepT1 mRNA of approximately 2.9 and 3.5 kb were detected in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of the small intestine and are presumed to result from alternative polyadenylation. Uptake of [(3)H]-Gly-Sar was measured in Chinese hamster ovary cells transiently transfected with a pPepT1 expression vector to study the functional expression of pPepT1. Peptide transport was H(+)-dependent, with an optimal pH of 6.0 to 6.5. The ability of pPepT1 to transport various peptides was assayed by calculating the concentration of unlabeled peptide that inhibited 50% of [(3)H]-Gly-Sar uptake (IC(50)) in transfected cells. Eleven dipeptides and two tripeptides had IC(50) values that ranged from 0.004 to 0.53 mM. Three peptides, Lys-Lys, Arg-Lys, and Lys-Trp-Lys, had IC(50) values greater than 1. 38 mM and seem to be poor substrates for pPepT1. For all three tetrapeptides examined, uptake of Gly-Sar was too small to measure, even at a concentration of 10 mM tetrapeptide; therefore, IC(50) values could not be calculated. These results demonstrate that pPepT1 can transport a variety of dipeptides and tripeptides but not tetrapeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Klang
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061-0306, USA
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Abstract
A cDNA encoding a turkey intestinal peptide transporter, tPepT1, was isolated from a turkey small intestinal cDNA library. The tPepT1 cDNA encodes a 714-amino acid protein with 12 predicted transmembrane domains. The amino acid sequence of tPepT1 is 94.3% identical to chicken PepT1 and approximately 60% identical to PepT1 from rat, sheep, rabbit, and human. Using a 2-electrode voltage-clamp technique in Xenopus oocytes expressing tPepT1, Gly-Sar transport was pH dependent but was independent of Na+ and K+. For the dipeptides Gly-Sar and Met-Met, the evoked inward currents indicated that the transporter was saturable and had high affinity (0.69 +/- 0.14 mM and 0.23 +/- 0.04 mM, respectively) for these substrates. However, transport of the tetrapeptide, Met-Gly-Met-Met, exhibited apparent substrate inhibition at high substrate concentrations. To study developmental regulation of PepT1 mRNA in turkey embryos, embryos (6 males and 6 females) were sampled daily from 5 d before hatch to the day of hatch (d 0). The abundance of PepT1 mRNA in the small intestine was quantified densitometrically from Northern blots after hybridization with full-length tPepT1 cDNA as probe. A 3.2-fold increase in PepT1 mRNA was observed in intestinal tissue from 5 d before hatch to d 0. This increase in PepT1 mRNA abundance indicates that the PepT1 gene is developmentally regulated and that there may be an important role for PepT1 in the neonatal poult.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Van
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences (0306), Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
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Zhu RX, Potts R, Xie F, Hoffman KA, Deng CL, Shi CD, Pan YX, Wang HQ, Shi RP, Wang YC, Shi GH, Wu NQ. New evidence on the earliest human presence at high northern latitudes in northeast Asia. Nature 2004; 431:559-62. [PMID: 15457258 DOI: 10.1038/nature02829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2004] [Accepted: 07/08/2004] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The timing of early human dispersal to Asia is a central issue in the study of human evolution. Excavations in predominantly lacustrine sediments at Majuangou, Nihewan basin, north China, uncovered four layers of indisputable hominin stone tools. Here we report magnetostratigraphic results that constrain the age of the four artefact layers to an interval of nearly 340,000 yr between the Olduvai subchron and the Cobb Mountain event. The lowest layer, about 1.66 million years old (Myr), provides the oldest record of stone-tool processing of animal tissues in east Asia. The highest layer, at about 1.32 Myr, correlates with the stone tool layer at Xiaochangliang, previously considered the oldest archaeological site in this region. The findings at Majuangou indicate that the oldest known human presence in northeast Asia at 40 degrees N is only slightly younger than that in western Asia. This result implies that a long yet rapid migration from Africa, possibly initiated during a phase of warm climate, enabled early human populations to inhabit northern latitudes of east Asia over a prolonged period.
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Affiliation(s)
- R X Zhu
- Paleomagnetism Laboratory, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.
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Abstract
The technical approaches to gene therapy for cancer utilize ex vivo and in vivo gene-transfer methodology. This chapter focuses on applicability and use of an ex vivo approach using an IGF-1 antisense RNA strategy of treatment. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and IGF-2 have pivotal roles in cell proliferation and development (for review, see 1-6). The preponderance of peptide synthesis and activity occur during fetal development, and protein synthesis is downregulated in most mature tissues except for adult liver. Further modulating the activities of these proteins are the levels of their respective cell-surface receptors and ligand-receptor interactions (3,5,6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Y X Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
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Qiao L, Wu ZL, Pan YX. [A case with subdural hydrops caused by cerebral cysticercosis]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2003; 18:4. [PMID: 12567459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
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