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Wenzel A, Westphal C, Ballauff J, Berkelmann D, Brambach F, Buchori D, Camarretta N, Corre MD, Daniel R, Darras K, Erasmi S, Formaglio G, Hölscher D, Iddris NAA, Irawan B, Knohl A, Kotowska MM, Krashevska V, Kreft H, Mulyani Y, Mußhoff O, Paterno GB, Polle A, Potapov A, Röll A, Scheu S, Schlund M, Schneider D, Sibhatu KT, Stiegler C, Sundawati L, Tjoa A, Tscharntke T, Veldkamp E, Waite PA, Wollni M, Zemp DC, Grass I. Balancing economic and ecological functions in smallholder and industrial oil palm plantations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2307220121. [PMID: 38621138 PMCID: PMC11047082 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2307220121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The expansion of the oil palm industry in Indonesia has improved livelihoods in rural communities, but comes at the cost of biodiversity and ecosystem degradation. Here, we investigated ways to balance ecological and economic outcomes of oil palm cultivation. We compared a wide range of production systems, including smallholder plantations, industrialized company estates, estates with improved agronomic management, and estates with native tree enrichment. Across all management types, we assessed multiple indicators of biodiversity, ecosystem functions, management, and landscape structure to identify factors that facilitate economic-ecological win-wins, using palm yields as measure of economic performance. Although, we found that yields in industrialized estates were, on average, twice as high as those in smallholder plantations, ecological indicators displayed substantial variability across systems, regardless of yield variations, highlighting potential for economic-ecological win-wins. Reducing management intensity (e.g., mechanical weeding instead of herbicide application) did not lower yields but improved ecological outcomes at moderate costs, making it a potential measure for balancing economic and ecological demands. Additionally, maintaining forest cover in the landscape generally enhanced local biodiversity and ecosystem functioning within plantations. Enriching plantations with native trees is also a promising strategy to increase ecological value without reducing productivity. Overall, we recommend closing yield gaps in smallholder cultivation through careful intensification, whereas conventional plantations could reduce management intensity without sacrificing yield. Our study highlights various pathways to reconcile the economics and ecology of palm oil production and identifies management practices for a more sustainable future of oil palm cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Wenzel
- Functional Agrobiodiversity, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Catrin Westphal
- Functional Agrobiodiversity, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Johannes Ballauff
- Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Dirk Berkelmann
- Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geo-information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente, Enschede7522 NB, Netherlands
- Ecology of Tropical Agricultural Systems, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart70599, Germany
- Laboratorio Biotecnología de Plantas, Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro11501, Costa Rica
| | - Fabian Brambach
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Damayanti Buchori
- Department of Plant Protection, IPB University, Bogor16680, Indonesia
| | | | - Marife D. Corre
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
- Soil Science of Tropical and Subtropical Ecosystems, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Rolf Daniel
- Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geo-information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente, Enschede7522 NB, Netherlands
| | - Kevin Darras
- Functional Agrobiodiversity, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Stefan Erasmi
- Thünen Institute of Farm Economics, Braunschweig38116, Germany
| | - Greta Formaglio
- Soil Science of Tropical and Subtropical Ecosystems, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Dirk Hölscher
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
- Tropical Silviculture and Forest Ecology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Najeeb Al-Amin Iddris
- Soil Science of Tropical and Subtropical Ecosystems, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Bambang Irawan
- Forestry Faculty, University of Jambi, Jambi36361, Indonesia
| | - Alexander Knohl
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
- Bioclimatology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Martyna M. Kotowska
- Plant Ecology and Ecosystems Research, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Valentyna Krashevska
- Department of Animal Ecology, J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37073, Germany
| | - Holger Kreft
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Yeni Mulyani
- Department of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism, Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor16680, Indonesia
| | - Oliver Mußhoff
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37073, Germany
| | - Gustavo B. Paterno
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Andrea Polle
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
- Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Anton Potapov
- Department of Animal Ecology, J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37073, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig04103, Germany
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Leipzig, Leipzig04103, Germany
| | - Alexander Röll
- Tropical Silviculture and Forest Ecology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Stefan Scheu
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
- Department of Animal Ecology, J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37073, Germany
| | - Michael Schlund
- Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geo-information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente, Enschede7522 NB, Netherlands
| | - Dominik Schneider
- Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Department of Genomic and Applied Microbiology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Kibrom T. Sibhatu
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37073, Germany
| | | | - Leti Sundawati
- Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor16680, Indonesia
| | - Aiyen Tjoa
- Agriculture Faculty, Tadulako University, Palu94118, Indonesia
| | - Teja Tscharntke
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
- Agroecology, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37075, Germany
| | - Edzo Veldkamp
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
- Soil Science of Tropical and Subtropical Ecosystems, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Pierre-André Waite
- Technische Universität Dresden, Chair of Forest Botany, Tharandt01737, Germany
| | - Meike Wollni
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37077, Germany
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, University of Göttingen, Göttingen37073, Germany
| | | | - Ingo Grass
- Ecology of Tropical Agricultural Systems, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart70599, Germany
- Center for Biodiversity and Integrative Taxonomy (KomBioTa), University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart70599, Germany
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Purbaya S, Harneti D, Safriansyah W, Rahmawati, Wulandari AP, Mulyani Y, Supratman U. Secondary Metabolites of Biscogniauxia: Distribution, Chemical Diversity, Bioactivity, and Implications of the Occurrence. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:686. [PMID: 38133190 PMCID: PMC10747060 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15120686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Biscogniauxia, a member of the family Xylariaceae, is distributed worldwide with more than 50 recognized taxa. Biscogniauxia species is known as a plant pathogen, typically acting as a parasite on tree bark, although certain members of this genus also function as endophytic microorganisms. Biscogniauxia endophytic strain has received attention in many cases, which includes constituent research leading to the discovery of various bioactive secondary metabolites. Currently, there are a total of 115 chemical compounds belonging to the class of secondary metabolites, and among these compounds, fatty acids have been identified. In addition, the strong pharmacological agents of this genus are (3aS,4aR,8aS,9aR)-3a-hydroxy-8a-methyl-3,5-dimethylenedecahydronaphto [2,3-b]furan-2(3H)-one (HDFO) (antifungal), biscopyran (phytotoxic activity), reticulol (antioxidant), biscogniazaphilone A and B (antimycobacterial), and biscogniauxone (Enzyme GSK3 inhibitor). This comprehensive research contributes significantly to the potential discovery of novel drugs produced by Biscogniauxia and holds promise for future development. Importantly, it represents the first-ever review of natural products originating from the Biscogniauxia genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sari Purbaya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi 40531, Indonesia;
- Departments of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia; (D.H.); (W.S.); (Y.M.)
| | - Desi Harneti
- Departments of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia; (D.H.); (W.S.); (Y.M.)
| | - Wahyu Safriansyah
- Departments of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia; (D.H.); (W.S.); (Y.M.)
| | - Rahmawati
- Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia;
| | - Asri Peni Wulandari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia;
| | - Yeni Mulyani
- Departments of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia; (D.H.); (W.S.); (Y.M.)
| | - Unang Supratman
- Departments of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia; (D.H.); (W.S.); (Y.M.)
- Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia;
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Azhari A, Naini AA, Harneti D, Wulandari AP, Mulyani Y, Purbaya S, Sari AP, Pratama GB, Anwar R, Fajar M, Abdullah FF, Farabi K, Supratman U. New steroid produced by Periconia pseudobyssoides K5 isolated from Toona sureni (Meliaceae) and its heme polymerization inhibition activity. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2023; 25:1117-1124. [PMID: 37017205 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2023.2195105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
A new ergostane-type steroid named (22E)-3α,6α,9α-ergosta-7,22-diene-3,6,9-triol (1), along with six known steroids 5α,8α-epidioxy-24-ethyl-cholest-6-en-3β-ol (2), ergosterol-5,8-peroxide (3), cerevisterol (4), isocyathisterol (5), 6β-hydroxystigmast-4-en-3-one (6), 6β-hydroxy-4-campesten-3-one (7), were isolated from the fermented unpolished rice media by Periconia pseudobyssoides K5 (Periconiaceae), an endophytic fungus from medicinal plant Toona sureni (Meliaceae). The fermentation takes at 28 ± 2 °C for 30 days. The structure of new steroid (1) was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic measurements (IR, HR-ESI-TOFMS, and 1D and 2D NMR) analyses. The isolated compounds (1-7) were evaluated for heme polymerization inhibition assay (HPIA). The IC50 HPIA value of 1 is 8.24 ± 0.03 mg/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azmi Azhari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java 45363, Indonesia
- Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Syekh Nurjati Cirebon, Cirebon 45132, Indonesia
| | - Al Arofatus Naini
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java 45363, Indonesia
| | - Desi Harneti
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java 45363, Indonesia
| | - Asri Peni Wulandari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java 45363, Indonesia
| | - Yeni Mulyani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java 45363, Indonesia
| | - Sari Purbaya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java 45363, Indonesia
| | - Aprilia Permata Sari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java 45363, Indonesia
| | - Galih Bayu Pratama
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java 45363, Indonesia
| | - Risyandi Anwar
- Herbal Medicine Research, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah Semarang, Semarang 50272, Indonesia
| | - Mohammad Fajar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java 45363, Indonesia
| | - Fajar Fauzi Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java 45363, Indonesia
| | - Kindi Farabi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java 45363, Indonesia
| | - Unang Supratman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java 45363, Indonesia
- Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java 45363, Indonesia
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Mulyani Y, Sinaga SE, Supratman U. Phytochemistry and Biological Activities of Endophytic Fungi from the Meliaceae Family. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020778. [PMID: 36677833 PMCID: PMC9863112 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Meliaceae plants are found worldwide in tropical or subtropical climates. They are important ethnobotanically as sources of traditional medicine, with 575 species and 51 genera. Previous research found that microorganisms are plant pioneers to produce secondary metabolites with diverse compound structures and bioactivities. Several plants of the Meliaceae family contain secondary metabolites isolated from endophytic fungi. Furthermore, related articles from 2002 to 2022 were collected from SciFinder, Google Scholar, and PubMed. About 276 compounds were isolated from endophytic fungi such as terpenoids, polyketides, lactones, pyrones, quinone, anthraquinones, xanthones, coumarines, isocoumarines, resorcylic acid lactones, cytochalasins, aromatics, ester, quinols, alkaloids, nitro compound, fatty acids, and sugars with bioactivities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-influenza, neuroprotective activities, anti-HIV, cytotoxic, allelopathic, anti-inflammatory, antifeedant effects, and BSLT toxicity. Meanwhile, secondary metabolites isolated from endophytic fungi were reported as one of the sources of active compounds for medicinal chemistry. This comprehensive review summarizes the ethnobotanical uses and secondary metabolites derived from Meliaceae endophytic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeni Mulyani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
- Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | | | - Unang Supratman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
- Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +62-22-779-4391
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Mulyani Y, Syakirotin K, Haetami K, Mulyani Y, Liviawaty E, Agung MUK. Molecular Identification of Bacillus Derived from the Common Carp Intestine and Their Antibiotics Resistance. Jurnal Biodjati 2020. [DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v5i2.5263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of bacteria as a biological control agent in aquaculture is such new hope overcoming the negative impacts of the impropriate use of antibiotics. Bacillus is widely known as a potential probiotic for aquaculture, especially which are derived from aquatic biota. Due to a concern that the role of Bacillus as a probiotic agent will be disrupted by residues of antibiotics in the water, this research aimed to identify Bacillus species from common carp intestine based on the molecular method and investigate their resistance to some com-mercial antibiotics that widely used in aquaculture. Chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and metronidazole were used to determine the Bacillus resistance to antibiotics using the Kirby Bauer method. The resistance assay was carried out with a bacterial density of 108 CFU/mL. The results showed that Bacillus isolates derived from common carp intestine were closely related and resistant to antibiotics. Isolates that resistant to the three types of antibiotics were Cc.1.9 (CgN9) and Cc.2.18 (CgM18).
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Darras K, Furnas B, Fitriawan I, Mulyani Y, Tscharntke T. Estimating bird detection distances in sound recordings for standardizing detection ranges and distance sampling. Methods Ecol Evol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Darras
- Agroecology, Department of Crop SciencesUniversity of Goettingen Göttingen Germany
| | - Brett Furnas
- California Department of Fish and WildlifeWildlife Investigations Laboratory Sacramento California
| | - Irfan Fitriawan
- Conservation Staff PT Henrison Inti Persada Sorong West Papua Indonesia
| | - Yeni Mulyani
- Department of Forest Resources Conservation and EcotourismFaculty of ForestryBogor Agricultural University Bogor Indonesia
| | - Teja Tscharntke
- Agroecology, Department of Crop SciencesUniversity of Goettingen Göttingen Germany
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Darras K, Rahman D, Sugito W, Mulyani Y, Prawiradilaga D, Rozali A, Fitriawan I, Tscharntke T. Birds of primary and secondary forest and shrub habitats in the peat swamp of Berbak National Park, Sumatra. F1000Res 2018; 7:229. [PMID: 30079238 PMCID: PMC6058469 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.13996.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Tropical lowland rainforests are threatened by deforestation and degradation worldwide. Relatively little research has investigated the degradation of the forests of South-east Asia and its impact on biodiversity, and even less research has focused on the important peat swamp forests of Indonesia, which experienced major losses through severe fires in 2015. Methods: We acoustically sampled the avifauna of the Berbak National Park in 2013 in 12 sites split in three habitats: primary swamp forest, secondary swamp forest, and shrub swamp, respectively representing non-degraded, previously selectively logged, and burned habitats. We analysed the species richness, abundance, vocalisation activity, and community composition across acoustic counts, sites, feeding guilds and IUCN Red List categories. We also analysed community-weighted means of body mass, wing length, and distribution area. Results: The avifauna in the three habitats was remarkably similar in richness, abundance and vocalisation activity, and communities mainly differed due to a lower prevalence of understory insectivores (Old-World Babblers, Timaliidae) in shrub swamp. However primary forest retained twice as many conservation-worthy species as shrub swamp, which harboured heavier, probably more mobile species, with larger distributions than those of forest habitats. Conclusions: The National Park overall harboured higher bird abundances than nearby lowland rainforests. Protecting the remaining peat swamp forest in this little-known National Park should be a high conservation priority in the light of the current threats coming from wildlife trade, illegal logging, land use conversion, and man-made fires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Darras
- Department of Crop Sciences, Agroecology, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Dedi Rahman
- Zoological Society of London, Jambi, Sumatra, Indonesia
| | - Waluyo Sugito
- Zoological Society of London, Jambi, Sumatra, Indonesia
| | - Yeni Mulyani
- Department of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism, Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Dewi Prawiradilaga
- Research Centre for Biology LIPI, Cibinong Science Centre, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Agus Rozali
- Research Staff of CRC 990, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jambi, Jambi, Indonesia
| | - Irfan Fitriawan
- Conservation Staff, PT Henrison Inti Persada, Sorong, West Papua , Indonesia
| | - Teja Tscharntke
- Department of Crop Sciences, Agroecology, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
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Darras K, Rahman D, Sugito W, Mulyani Y, Prawiradilaga D, Rozali A, Fitriawan I, Tscharntke T. Birds of primary and secondary forest and shrub habitats in the peat swamp of Berbak National Park, Sumatra. F1000Res 2018; 7:229. [PMID: 30079238 PMCID: PMC6058469 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.13996.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tropical lowland rainforests are threatened by deforestation and degradation worldwide. Relatively little research has investigated the degradation of the forests of South-east Asia and its impact on biodiversity, and even less research has focused on the important peat swamp forests of Indonesia, which experienced major losses through severe fires in 2015. Methods: We acoustically sampled the avifauna of the Berbak National Park in 2013 in 12 plots split in three habitats: primary swamp forest, secondary swamp forest, and shrub swamp, respectively representing non-degraded, previously selectively logged, and burned habitats. We analysed the species richness, abundance, vocalisation activity, and community composition across acoustic counts, plots, feeding guilds and IUCN Red List categories. We also analysed community-weighted means of body mass, wing length, and distribution area. Results: The avifauna in the three habitats was remarkably similar in richness, abundance and vocalisation activity, and communities mainly differed due to a lower prevalence of understory insectivores (Old-World Babblers, Timaliidae) in shrub swamp. However primary forest retained twice as many conservation-worthy species as shrub swamp, which harboured heavier, probably more mobile species, with larger distributions than those of forest habitats. Conclusions: The National Park overall harboured higher bird abundances than nearby lowland rainforests. Protecting the remaining peat swamp forest in this little-known National Park should be a high conservation priority in the light of the current threats coming from wildlife trade, illegal logging, land use conversion, and man-made fires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Darras
- Department of Crop Sciences, Agroecology, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Dedi Rahman
- Zoological Society of London, Jambi, Sumatra, Indonesia
| | - Waluyo Sugito
- Zoological Society of London, Jambi, Sumatra, Indonesia
| | - Yeni Mulyani
- Department of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism, Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Dewi Prawiradilaga
- Research Centre for Biology LIPI, Cibinong Science Centre, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Agus Rozali
- Research Staff of CRC 990, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jambi, Jambi, Indonesia
| | - Irfan Fitriawan
- Conservation Staff, PT Henrison Inti Persada, Sorong, West Papua , Indonesia
| | - Teja Tscharntke
- Department of Crop Sciences, Agroecology, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
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Martin TE, Nightingale J, Baddams J, Monkhouse J, Kaban A, Sastranegara H, Mulyani Y, Blackburn GA, Simcox W. Variability in the Effectiveness of Two Ornithological Survey Methods between Tropical Forest Ecosystems. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169786. [PMID: 28072883 PMCID: PMC5224979 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Birds are a frequently chosen group for biodiversity monitoring as they are comparatively straightforward and inexpensive to sample and often perform well as ecological indicators. Two commonly used techniques for monitoring tropical forest bird communities are point counts and mist nets. General strengths and weaknesses of these techniques have been well-defined; however little research has examined how their effectiveness is mediated by the ecology of bird communities and their habitats. We examine how the overall performance of these methodologies differs between two widely separated tropical forests-Cusuco National Park (CNP), a Honduran cloud forest, and the lowland forests of Buton Forest Reserves (BFR) located on Buton Island, Indonesia. Consistent survey protocols were employed at both sites, with 77 point count stations and 22 mist netting stations being surveyed in each location. We found the effectiveness of both methods varied considerably between ecosystems. Point counts performed better in BFR than in CNP, detecting a greater percentage of known community richness (60% versus 41%) and generating more accurate species richness estimates. Conversely, mist netting performed better in CNP than in BFR, detecting a much higher percentage of known community richness (31% versus 7%). Indeed, mist netting proved overall to be highly ineffective within BFR. Best Akaike's Information Criterion models indicate differences in the effectiveness of methodologies between study sites relate to bird community composition, which in turn relates to ecological and biogeographical influences unique to each forest ecosystem. Results therefore suggest that, while generalized strengths and weaknesses of both methodologies can be defined, their overall effectiveness is also influenced by local characteristics specific to individual study sites. While this study focusses on ornithological surveys, the concept of local factors influencing effectiveness of field methodologies may also hold true for techniques targeting a wide range of taxonomic groups; this requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Edward Martin
- Operation Wallacea Ltd, Wallace House, Old Bolingbroke, Lincolnshire, United Kingdom
- School of Biological Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, Hardy Building, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Josh Nightingale
- Operation Wallacea Ltd, Wallace House, Old Bolingbroke, Lincolnshire, United Kingdom
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jack Baddams
- Operation Wallacea Ltd, Wallace House, Old Bolingbroke, Lincolnshire, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph Monkhouse
- Operation Wallacea Ltd, Wallace House, Old Bolingbroke, Lincolnshire, United Kingdom
| | - Aronika Kaban
- Department of Forest Resources, Conservation, and Ecotourism, Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Hafiyyan Sastranegara
- Department of Forest Resources, Conservation, and Ecotourism, Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Yeni Mulyani
- Department of Forest Resources, Conservation, and Ecotourism, Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | | | - Wilf Simcox
- Operation Wallacea Ltd, Wallace House, Old Bolingbroke, Lincolnshire, United Kingdom
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