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Yi SH, Xiong WJ, Cao XX, Sun CY, Du J, Wang HH, Wang L, Niu T, Jiang ZX, Wei YQ, Xue H, Chu HL, Qiu LG, Li J. [Diagnosis and treatment understanding of Waldenström macroglobulinemia in China: a cross-sectional study]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2024; 45:148-155. [PMID: 38604791 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121090-20231017-00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To conduct a nationwide physician survey to better understand clinicians' disease awareness, treatment patterns, and experience of Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) in China. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2022 to July 2022 by recruiting clinicians with WM treatment experience from hematology, hematology-oncology, and oncology departments throughout China. Quantitative surveys were designed based on the qualitative interviews. Results: The study included 415 clinicians from 219 hospitals spread across thirty-three cities and twenty-two provinces. As for diagnosis, the laboratory tests prescribed by physicians for suspected WM patients were relatively consistent (92% -99% recommendation for laboratory, 79% -95% recommendation for pathology, 96% recommendation for gene testing, and 63% -83% recommendation for imaging examination). However, from a physician's perspective, there was 22% misdiagnosis occurred in clinical practice. The rate of misdiagnosis was higher in lower-level hospitals than in tertiary grade A hospitals (29% vs 21%, P<0.001). The main reasons for misdiagnosis were that WM was easily confused with other diseases, and physicians lacked the necessary knowledge to make an accurate diagnosis. In terms of gene testing in clinical practice, 96% of participating physicians believed that WM patients would require gene testing for MYD88 and CXCR4 mutations because the results of gene testing would aid in confirming diagnosis and treatment options. In terms of treatment, 55% of physicians thought that the most important goal was to achieve remission, while 54% and 51% of physicians wanted to improve laboratory and/or examination results and extend overall survival time, respectively. Among patients with treatment indications, physicians estimated that approximately 21% of them refused to receive treatment, mainly owing to a lack of affordable care and disease awareness. When selecting the most appropriate treatment regimens, physicians would consider patient affordability (63% ), comorbidity (61% ), and risk level (54% ). Regimens containing Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi) were most widely recommended for both treatment-naïve and relapsed/refractory patients (94% for all patients, 95% for treatment-naïve patients, and 75% for relapsed/refractory patients), and most physicians recommended Ibrutinib (84% ). For those patients who received treatment, physicians reported that approximately 23% of patients did not comply with the treatment regimen due to a lack of affordability and disease awareness. Furthermore, 66% of physicians believe that in the future, increasing disease awareness and improving diagnosis rates is critical. Conclusions: This study is the first national physician survey of WM conducted in China. It systematically describes the issues that exist in WM diagnosis and treatment in China, such as a high rate of misdiagnosis, limited access to gene testing and new drugs, and poor patient adherence to treatment. Chinese doctors believe that improving doctors' and patients' understanding of WM is one of the most urgent issues that must be addressed right now.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - W J Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - X X Cao
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - C Y Sun
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - J Du
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital), Shanghai 200003, China
| | - H H Wang
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - L Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - T Niu
- West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610044, China
| | - Z X Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Y Q Wei
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - H Xue
- The Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071030, China
| | - H L Chu
- Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100083, China
| | - L G Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - J Li
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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Zhang JL, Xing HZ, Wang F, Wan DM, Jiang ZX, Wang M. [Clinical characteristics and outcome of 69 patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2022; 61:797-800. [PMID: 35764564 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20210810-00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To analyze the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). The clinical data of 69 adult patients with TTP were retrospectively analyzed. There were 19 males and 50 females with a median age of 42 (18-79) years. PLASMIC score 6-7 was recognized in 82.8% (53/64) patients. The activity of von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease (ADAMTS13), which was detected in 21 patients before treatment, was less than 5% in 17 patients and 5%-10% in 3 patients. All 69 patients were treated with plasma exchange (PEX) and/or fresh frozen plasma infusion (PI), 43 of whom were also given glucocorticoid. In addition to PEX/PI and glucocorticoid, rituximab and/or immunosuppressants were administrated in 20 patients. The median follow-up time was 12 (1-57) months. The remission rate was 69.6%, while the relapse rate was 11.6%. The 2-year overall survival (OS) rate was 69.6%±5.5%. The univariate and multivariate analysis showed that relapsed/refractory disease was an independent risk factor for OS. The 2-year OS rate of relapsed/refractory patients was significantly lower than that of the rest patients (41.5%±9.8% vs. 83.7%±5.6%, P<0.001). Regarding the unfavorable prognosis in relapsed/refractory patients, rituximab and/or immunosuppressants are strongly recommended for sake of improving the overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - H Z Xing
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - F Wang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - D M Wan
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Z X Jiang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - M Wang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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Li FM, Xie SY, Jiang ZX, Bao SY, Ren YF, Chen YY. [Burden of disease and risk factors among children under 5 years in China from 1990 to 2019: a perspective of international comparison]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 56:619-625. [PMID: 35644977 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20210517-00476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Based on the Global Burden of Disease study 2019, the standardized mortality rate and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rate of children under 5 years old were selected as evaluation indicators to compare and analyze the current situation and differences of disease burden of children under 5 years old between China and other regions from 1990 to 2019. The change trend and difference of disease burden of children under 5 years old in China were analyzed by sexes. From 1990 to 2019, the all-cause standardized mortality rate of children under 5 years old in China decreased from 1 153.81/100 000 to 160.39/100 000, and the all-cause standardized DALY rate decreased from 104 426.40/100 000 to 16 479.01/100 000. In 2019, neonatal preterm birth, congenital heart anomalies and lower respiratory infections ranked the top three disease burden of children under 5 years old in China. Except that the disease burden of neonatal preterm birth was lower than that in North America, they were much higher than that in Western Europe and North America in the same period. The burden of unintentional injury diseases, including pulmonary aspiration and foreign body in airway and drowning, was higher than that in Western Europe and North America. The standardized mortality and DALY rate of the top ten diseases and injuries in boys and girls under 5 years old in China showed a downward trend (P<0.05), and most of them were higher in boys than girls (P<0.05). From 1990 to 2019, the disease burden of children under 5 years old in China decreased significantly. However, compared other regions, it is still necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of neonatal premature birth, birth defects and unintentional injuries, and take different sex-specific interventions to improve the overall health of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Li
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment (Fudan University), Shanghai 200032, China
| | - S Y Xie
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment (Fudan University), Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Z X Jiang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment (Fudan University), Shanghai 200032, China
| | - S Y Bao
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment (Fudan University), Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y F Ren
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment (Fudan University), Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y Y Chen
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment (Fudan University), Shanghai 200032, China
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Fan WJ, Xu TT, Guo JJ, Li YF, Jiang ZX. [Prognostic analysis of patients with mutations in the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2021; 42:594-597. [PMID: 34455748 PMCID: PMC8408485 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W J Fan
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - T T Xu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - J J Guo
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Y F Li
- Department of Hematology Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Z X Jiang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
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Chen JJ, Chen J, Jiang ZX, Zhou Z, Zhou CN. Resolvin D1 alleviates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats by inhibiting NLRP3 signaling pathway. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2020; 34:25. [PMID: 33107268 DOI: 10.23812/20-392-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of resolvin D1 (RvD1) in cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats and its mechanism. A total of 60 adult male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups using a random number table, including sham-operation group (Sham group, n=20), cerebral I/R injury group (I/R group, n=20) and cerebral I/R injury + RvD1 pretreatment group (I/R + RvD1 group, n=20). The model of focal I/R injury was established using suture method through 30 min of ischemia and 24 h of reperfusion. In I/R + RvD1 group, the rats were intraperitoneally injected with RvD1 (4 mg/kg/d) at 7 d before operation, while those in the Sham group and I/R group were injected with an equal volume of normal saline. After reperfusion, the area of cerebral infarction was evaluated by means of 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Then hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was applied to observe the status of brain tissue injury in each group of rats, and the expression of malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of oxidative stress, in each group of brain tissues was detected via an oxidative stress detection kit. Moreover, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was performed to measure the levels of inflammation-related genes [interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)] in the brain tissues of each group of rats, and the neuronal apoptosis level in the brain tissues in each group was determined through terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Finally, the expression levels of proteins related to the inflammasome signaling pathway were detected via Western blotting assay. It was indicated in the results of TTC staining and H&E staining that RvD1 could remarkably decrease the area of I/R-induced cerebral infarction and relieve nervous tissue injury (P<0.05). The results of TUNEL staining revealed that the cerebral neuronal apoptosis induced by I/R injury was alleviated by RvD1 (P<0.05). In addition, RvD1 lowered the levels of inflammatory factors and MDA in the brain tissues of rats with I/R injury (P<0.05). Furthermore, it was discovered that RvD1 repressed the protein expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) in the brain tissues of rats with I/R injury (P<0.05). The protective effect of RvD1 on the rats against cerebral I/R injury may be related to its inhibition on NLRP3 inflammasome, and RvD1 is expected to become a targeted drug for the clinical treatment of cerebral I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Chen
- Department of Neuromedicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - J Chen
- Department of Neuromedicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Z X Jiang
- Department of Neuromedicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Z Zhou
- Department of Neuromedicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - C N Zhou
- Department of Neuromedicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Pei RR, Zhang RH, Yu JF, Jiang ZX, Sun H, Wan DM, Xie XS, Liu YF, Li T, Sun L. [Clinical features and prognostic factors in adult acute myeloid leukemia patients with FLT3-ITD and CEBPA gene co-mutation]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2020; 41:297-301. [PMID: 32447933 PMCID: PMC7364925 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
目的 研究FLT3-ITD及CEBPA双等位基因突变(CEBPAdm)共突变成人急性髓系白血病(AML)患者的临床特征及预后。 方法 对2016年1月至2018年9月就诊于郑州大学第一附属医院的初治成人AML患者的临床资料进行回顾性研究,比较分析其临床特点及预后。基因突变检测采用直接测序法。 结果 ①接受基因突变检测的非M3且资料完整患者599例,检出FLT3-ITD基因突变阳性(FLT3-ITD+)且CEBPAdm阳性(CEBPAdm+)患者19例(A组),FLT3-ITD+且CEBPAdm−患者84例(B组),FLT3-ITD−且CEBPAdm+患者95例(C组),未检出任何已知基因突变患者70例(D组),共计268例。②A、B、C、D四组间性别、PLT、FAB分型、诱导治疗方案、融合基因突变情况差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);而发病年龄、初诊时WBC、HGB含量、外周血原始幼稚细胞比例、骨髓原始幼稚细胞比例差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。组间两两比较,A组较B、C、D组性别、年龄、HGB含量、PLT、FAB分型差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。A组初诊时外周血WBC、外周血原始幼稚细胞比例、首疗程诱导治疗后微小残留病(MRD)水平高于B、C、D各组。③A、B、C、D组首疗程化疗后完全缓解(CR1)率分别为50.0%、32.4%、59.8%、39.0%(P=0.003),复发率分别为55.6%、50.0%、21.1%、40.0%(P<0.001),中位总生存时间分别为6.25、3.0、15.5、10.5个月(P<0.001),中位无进展生存时间分别为5.0、4.0、10.0、6.7个月(P=0.032)。 结论 FLT3-ITD及CEBPAdm共突变成人AML患者初诊时外周血WBC高,外周血原始幼稚细胞比例高,首疗程诱导化疗后MRD水平高,CR1率低,复发率高,中位总生存时间、中位无进展生存时间短,预后不佳。
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Affiliation(s)
- R R Pei
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - R H Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - J F Yu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Z X Jiang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - H Sun
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - D M Wan
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - X S Xie
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Y F Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - T Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - L Sun
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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Wang HP, Li CX, Dai QX, Jiang ZX, Yuan XL, Zhou JM. [Study on the influence of health belief model on the compliance of medical staff with sharp injury protection behavior]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2020; 37:910-913. [PMID: 31937031 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2019.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the effects of the intervention based on the theoretical framework of Health Belief Model on improving sharp injury protection behavior compliance of medical staffs, in order to provide some references for energetically developing blood-borne occupational exposure protection intervention in the region. Methods: According to the inclusion criteria, 178 medical staffs were selected, implemented intervention of the theory of health belief model. Methods included diversity training, experiencing operation, filed observation and supervision and so on, strengthened intervention after 1 month, evaluated the intervention effect after 3 months, used questionnaires and field observation to evaluate the effect before and after the intervention. Results: the scores of security behavior compliance were higher before intervention and there was significant difference (P<0.05) . Observed that, after the intervention the incidence of unsafe behavior in medical personnel dropped from 29.1% to 13.2%, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The intervenion of the theory of health belief model can strengthen sharp injury protection belief of medical personnels, improve behavior compliance, reduces the occurrence of sharp injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- H P Wang
- Nursing Department of Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi 563003, China
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Zhang CX, Xu YQ, Li YF, Jiang ZX, Zhang XJ, Zhang N, Li XF, Jiang BF. [Three-level logistic analysis related to influencing factors on condom use among female sex workers aged 35 years and above in Qingdao]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2019; 38:1073-1077. [PMID: 28847057 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2017.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the influencing factors on condom use among 35-years-or-older female sex workers (OFSWs) in Qingdao by using the three-level logistic model. Methods: From March to June 2014, OFSWs were recruited in Qingdao, using respondent-driven sampling. Related information on OFSWs and their recent five sexual partners (not including husband) were obtained by conducting a questionnaire survey on OFSWs. A Three-level logistic regression model was conducted to analyze the influencing factors of condom use between OFSWs and their sexual partners. Results: A total of 420 OFSWs participated the survey as well as information on 2 100 sexual partners. Results from the empty model showed that the use of condoms among OFSWs having an aggregation that related to the levels of working sites and their own behaviors. Results from the three-levels of logistic model analysis showed that, OFSWs that having had junior middle school education (OR=1.450, 95%CI: 1.054-1.994)/high school education or above (OR=2.264, 95%CI: 1.215-4.222), knowing the function of condom use (OR=2.004, 95%CI: 1.273-3.154) would have higher rates of condom use. OFSWs with higher score of attitude on condom use (OR=0.796, 95%CI: 0.745-0.849), having had syphilis infections in the past (OR=0.657, 95%CI: 0.478-0.902) would have lower rate of condom use. For the sexual partners, the rate of condom use among OFSWs' regular partners were higher than that of OFSWs' boyfriends (OR=15.291, 95%CI: 8.441-27.700; OR=29.032, 95%CI: 15.413-54.682). Conclusion: Condom use of OFSWs was affected by behaviors of both OFSWs themselves and their sexual partners. Prevention and control programs should focus on OFSWs and their sexual partners at the same time. The key intervention contents should include target populations as: OFSWs with low level of education, having had infections of syphilis, those who do not use condoms with their trusted partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- C X Zhang
- Epidemiology of Department, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Y Q Xu
- Information Management Department, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530028, China
| | - Y F Li
- Department of Business, Daxing District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Z X Jiang
- Department of AIDS/STDs Control and Prevention, Qingdao City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - X J Zhang
- Department of AIDS/STDs Control and Prevention, Qingdao City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - N Zhang
- Jiaozhou Love Center for Health Consulting and Testing, Jiaozhou 266300, China
| | - X F Li
- The Medical School Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - B F Jiang
- Epidemiology of Department, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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Li DM, Lu S, Li PL, Ge L, Tao XR, Jiang ZX, Liao MZ, Cui Y. [Study on the prevalence of HIV infection and related risk behaviors among male new-type drug users in Qingdao, Shandong province]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2019; 39:750-754. [PMID: 29936741 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the characteristics of new-type drug consumption, sexual behaviors and the prevalence of HIV infection among male new-type drug users in Qingdao, Shandong province. Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted from 2015 to 2016. Participants were recruited from MSM community-based organizations (CBO) and general community through snowball method, relying on volunteers and male peer educators who were on new-type drugs themselves. Face-to-face interview was carried to collect information on drug use and sexual behaviors. Blood samples were collected to test HIV, syphilis and HCV antibodies. Urine samples were collected to test the evidence of new-type drugs. Qualitative variables and quantitative variables were analyzed using Chi-square test/Fisher's exact test and Student's t-test respectively. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze related factors of binary variables. Results: A total of 1 034 newtype drug users were recruited, including 431 (41.7%) MSM population and 603 (58.3%) who were not MSM. Compared with the the group of people who were not MSM, people in the the MSM group were younger, unmarried and with higher level of education. The proportion of methamphetamine users were 49.7% (214/431) and 100.0% (603/603) among the groups of MSM or not MSM, respectively. People in the MSM group, 66.8% (288/431) used 5-Methoxy-N, N-diisopropyltryptamine (5-MeODIPT, "foxy" ) in the last six months. However, none from the not-MSM group ever used 5-MeO-DIPT. In the last six months, proportions of sharing new-type drugs with more than two people in the MSM or not groups were 87.9% (379/431) and 97.7% (588/602), respectively (χ(2)=39.84, P<0.01). Proportions of unprotected sexual behavior among the MSM or not groups were 47.5% (285/600) and 7.4% (32/430) respectively (χ(2)=190.10, P<0.01). The proportions of 'group sex' after using drugs among the two groups were 78.1% (335/429) and 5.5% (33/600) respectively (χ(2)=573.73, P<0.01). The prevalence rates of HIV, syphilis and HCV antibody positive among the MSM or not groups were 2.1% and 0.2%, 3.3% and 6.3%, 0.0% and 0.3%, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of sharing new-type drugs with more than two people was high among male new-type drug users in Qingdao city. Male new-type-drug-users who were MSM, presented both high prevalence of group sex and HIV infection, and with less condom use. Intervention measures towards this sub-population should be strengthened.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Li
- Department of Epidemiology, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - S Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - P L Li
- Department of Epidemiology, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - L Ge
- Department of Epidemiology, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - X R Tao
- Institute of AIDS Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Z X Jiang
- Department for AIDS/STD Prevention and Control, Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - M Z Liao
- Institute of AIDS Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Y Cui
- Department of Epidemiology, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
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10
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Zhang XF, Lyu CX, Zheng JT, Dong L, Jiang ZX, Fu JH. [Status on sexual partners among men who have sex with men among college students in Qingdao, 2016]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2018; 38:1638-1641. [PMID: 29294578 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the situation of sexual partners and related factors among men who have sex with men (MSM) in college students. Methods: Snowball sampling and Convenience sampling were both used to recruit MSM from colleges in Tsingtao in 2016. Questionnaire-based interviews were conducted to collect data of socio-demographic and situation of sexual partners. Sample Size was estimated based on cross-sectional study, and theoretical 267. SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 300 MSM, average aged 20.7, were analyzed. Both first sex partner and the last same-sex sexual partner were met instantly, with proportions as 58.7% (176/300) and 62.3% (187/300) respectively. Among all the MSM, 88.3% (265/300) preferred selecting men as sex partners and 42.7% (128/300) enjoyed finding sex partners in college, while 86.0% (258/300) preferred finding their sex partners through internet. Conclusions: Internet had been the major way of looking for sex partner among MSM in college students, the male sexual partner were met instantly. We should focus on men who have sex with men and their sexual health among college students to prevent and control HIV/AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- X F Zhang
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan 250014, China
| | - C X Lyu
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan 250014, China
| | - J T Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - L Dong
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Z X Jiang
- Qingdao Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - J H Fu
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan 250014, China
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11
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Liu J, Guo R, Jiang ZX. [Cladribine in the treatment of TET2(+) refractory acute myeloid leukemia: a case report]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2017; 56:769-770. [PMID: 29036962 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1426.2017.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
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12
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Chen R, Jiang ZX, Shan QJ. [Radiofrequency septal ablation: a new treatment option for patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2017; 45:186-189. [PMID: 28316173 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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13
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Zhao P, Xia G, Dong S, Jiang ZX, Chen M. An iTEP-salinomycin nanoparticle that specifically and effectively inhibits metastases of 4T1 orthotopic breast tumors. Biomaterials 2016; 93:1-9. [PMID: 27060212 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cell (CSC) inhibitors are a new category of investigational drugs to treat metastasis. Salinomycin (Sali) is one of most studied CSC inhibitors and has reached clinical tests. Several drug carriers have been developed to improve efficacy of Sali. However, Sali has not been shown to inhibit metastasis from orthotopic tumors, the gold standard for metastasis. To fill this gap, we developed an immune-tolerant, elastin-like polypeptide (iTEP)-based nanoparticle (iTEP-Sali-ABA NP) that released 4-(aminomethyl)benzaldehyde-modified Sali (Sali-ABA) under acidic conditions. We found that the NP increased the area under the curve (AUC) of Sali-ABA by 30-fold and the tumor accumulation by 3.4-fold. Furthermore, no metastasis was detected in any of the mice given the NP. However, all the mice died of primary tumor burdens. To overcome primary tumor growth and improve the overall survival, we applied a combination therapy consisting of the iTEP-Sali-ABA NP and iTEP NP-delivered paclitaxel. This therapy effectively retarded primary tumor growth, and most importantly, improved the overall survival. In conclusion, delivery of Sali-ABA by the NP, alone or in combination with paclitaxel, was more effective than free Sali-ABA in decreasing metastasis and increasing survival. This iTEP-Sali-ABA NP represents a novel and clinically promising therapy to combat metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Guiquan Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Shuyun Dong
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Zhaong-Xing Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Mingnan Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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14
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Xu YQ, Li YF, Jiang ZX, Zhang XJ, Yuan X, Zhang N, Li XF, Jiang BF. [Characteristics of social supportive network serving the older female sex workers in Qingdao]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2016; 37:197-201. [PMID: 26917514 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To overview the status of social support on older female sex workers (OFSWs) in Qingdao and to better understand the characteristics of this egocentric social support networks. METHODS Ucinet 6 software was used to analyze the characteristics of egocentric social networks which involving 400 OFSWs who were recruited by respondent-driven sampling (RDS) method in Qingdao during March 2014 to June. Structural equation model (SEM) was used for data analysis, fitted test and estimation. RESULTS A total of 400 OFSWs of Qingdao nominated 1 617 social supportive members, and the average size of egocentric social networks of OFSWs was (4.0 ± 1.5). Among all the alter egos (social support network members of the egos), 613 were female sex workers fellows, accounted for the most important part of all the social ties (37.91%). Characteristics of small size and non-relative relationships were seen more obviously among OFSWs with non-local registration and the ratings of emotional support (4.42±2.38) was significantly lower than the tangible support (5.73 ± 1.69) (P<0.05). Result of the SEM showed that homogeneity, joint strength and the network structure were significantly related to the ratings of average support. The total standard effects of which were 0.110, 0.925 and -0.069 respectively. It seemed that homogeneity can affect the degree of support, both directly and indirectly. CONCLUSION OFSWs in Qingdao tended to ask for social support from friends who were also female sex workers. Stronger the joint strength between egos and alters, greater the homogeneity between the two was seen. Tighter relations among the alter egos, higher degree of average social support of the egos were acquired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Q Xu
- Epidemiology of Department of Schools of Public health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012
| | - Y F Li
- Epidemiology of Department of Schools of Public health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012
| | - Z X Jiang
- Department of AIDS/STDs Control and Prevention, Qingdao Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao 266033
| | - X J Zhang
- Department of AIDS/STDs Control and Prevention, Qingdao Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao 266033
| | - X Yuan
- Department of AIDS/STDs Control and Prevention, Qingdao Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao 266033
| | - N Zhang
- Jiaozhou Love Center for Health Consulting and Testing, Jiaozhou 266300
| | - X F Li
- The Medical School Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003
| | - B F Jiang
- Epidemiology of Department of Schools of Public health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012
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15
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Tian H, He X, Yin L, Guo WJ, Xia YY, Jiang ZX. Relationship between genetic polymorphisms of DNA ligase 1 and non-small cell lung cancer susceptibility and radiosensitivity. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:7047-52. [PMID: 26125914 DOI: 10.4238/2015.june.26.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between genetic polymorphisms in DNA ligase 1 (LIG1) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) susceptibility and radiosensitivity in a Chinese population. This was a case-control study that included 352 NSCLC patients and 448 healthy controls. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was conducted to detect HaeIII polymorphisms in exon 6 of the LIG1 gene in this popula-tion. This information was used to observe the effects of radiation in pa-tients with different genotypes in order to determine the genotypes as-sociated with radiosensitivity. The CC genotype and C allele frequency were significantly higher in the NSCLC group than in the control group (P = 0.012 and P = 0.023, respectively). The relative risk of experienc-ing NSCLC was 2.55 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.12-3.98] for CC homozygous patients and 0.87 (95%CI, 0.46-1.88) for AA homozygous patients. Analysis of LIG1 genetic polymorphisms and radiosensitiv-ity of NSCLC patients showed that AA homozygous patients were sig-nificantly more radiosensitive than the control group (AA vs AC, P = 0.014; AA vs CC, P < 0.001; AC vs CC, P = 0.023). Therefore, the LIG1 CC genotype was associated with susceptibility to NSCLC, and the AA genotype demonstrated increased radiosensitivity compared to the AC and CC genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tian
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - X He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangsu Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,
| | - L Yin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangsu Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - W J Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangsu Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Y Y Xia
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Z X Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Xinyi, Xinyi Jiangsu, China
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16
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Ren JL, Zhang J, Luo JQ, Pei XK, Jiang ZX. Improved fluorimetric determination of dissolved aluminium by micelle-enhanced lumogallion complex in natural waters. Analyst 2001; 126:698-702. [PMID: 11394317 DOI: 10.1039/b007593k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A modification of the aluminium-lumogallion fluorescence measurement in the presence of the non-ionic surfactant Triton X-100 is presented. The detection limit for dissolved Al is 0.7 nM, with a relative standard deviation of 3.6% at an Al level of 5.0 nM. Compared with previously reported methods in the literature, the method described here is free from matrix effects and can be used for the determination of aluminium in fresh, estuarine and saline waters. The interferences from iron and fluoride were minimized by the addition of o-phenanthroline and Be2+, respectively. The analysis of NIST SRM 1643C and PRC standard 2430101 by the proposed method provides results consistent with the certified values. A successful inter-laboratory calibration exercise also demonstrates the merit of the proposed method for the determination of Al in environmental and marine sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Ren
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of Qingdao, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China.
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17
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Sadeghi M, Olumee Z, Tang X, Vertes A, Jiang ZX, Henderson AJ, Lee HS, Prasad CR. Compact tunable Cr:LiSAF laser for infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 1997; 11:393-397. [PMID: 9069641 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0231(19970228)11:4<393::aid-rcm868>3.0.co;2-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A tunable Cr:LiSAF laser-pumped optical parametric oscillator was used for mid-infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry experiments. The mass spectra of substance P, bovine insulin and pd(T)10 in the 2.88-2.96 microns range showed excellent single shot signal quality (signal-to-noise-ratio, resolution) but poor shot-to-shot reproducibility. The reproducibility is expected to improve with more stable laser design. No correlation was found between the absorption spectrum of the matrix and the MALDI response.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sadeghi
- Department of Chemistry, George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
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18
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Hedges RE, Jiang ZX, Ramsey CB, Cowey A, Roberts JD, Somogyi P. Imaging of radiocarbon-labelled tracer molecules in neural tissue using accelerator mass spectrometry. Nature 1996; 383:823-6. [PMID: 8893007 DOI: 10.1038/383823a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Autoradiography is widely and successfully used to image the distribution of radiolabelled tracer molecules in biological samples. The method is, however, limited in resolution and sensitivity, especially for 14C. Here we describe a new method for imaging 14C-labelled tracers in sections of biological tissue. A highly focused beam of gallium ions bombards the tissue, which is eroded (sputtered) into constituent atoms, molecules and secondary ions. The 14C ions are detected in the secondary beam by the most sensitive method available, namely accelerator mass spectrometry. The specimen is scanned pixel by pixel (1 x 2 microm), generating an image in a manner analogous to scanning electron microscopy. The method can thus be regarded as a specialized form of scanning secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), referred to here as SIAMS (ref. 2). We have used SIAMS to localize the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in thin sections of cerebral cortex, and show that it can generate 14C images that are much improved on 14C autoradiography. A scan takes 10-20 min and reveals individual axons, neurons and glial cells at high sensitivity. In principle, the resolution could be increased by up to tenfold, and the method could be extended to some other nuclides.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Hedges
- Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit, Research Laboratory for Archaeology, Oxford, UK
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19
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Ryu SR, Jiang ZX, Li WJ, McCombe BD, Schaff W. Observation of a D- triplet transition in GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs multiple quantum wells. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1996; 54:R11086-R11089. [PMID: 9984992 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.r11086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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20
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McKinnie IT, Gloster LA, Jiang ZX, King TA. Chromium-doped forsterite: the influence of crystal characteristics on laser performance. Appl Opt 1996; 35:4159-4165. [PMID: 21102824 DOI: 10.1364/ao.35.004159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A study of the dependence of the gain-switched laser operation of chromium forsterite on crystal parameters is presented. Results are reported for a wide range of chromium (IV) ion concentration: 0.02-0.12 at. % and 12-41 figure of merit, with emphasis on performance of the recently developed material with a dopant level of >0.10 at. %. Threshold and slope efficiency calculations are compared with measured performance for all crystals, with variation of pump polarization and output coupling. With 3% output coupling, the lowest threshold of 1.8 mJ, and highest slope efficiency of 13% were measured for a short, high-dopant-level crystal. With 33% output coupling a slope efficiency of 44% was measured for this crystal. Results demonstrate the considerable potential of short, high-dopant-level crystals for applications such as amplification, diode pumping, and narrow-bandwidth operation.
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21
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Jiang ZX, Cai WW, Yang JX. [Investigation of ratio of breast feeding of 1-4 month old infants of community area]. Zhonghua Hu Li Za Zhi 1996; 31:113-5. [PMID: 8716760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Abstract
Hundreds of cases of infantile hookworm disease which shows bloody stools, melena, anorexia, listlessness and oedema, have been reported in China since the 1960s. Hookworm eggs were detected in due course in the faeces of the reported cases. With the exception of a single worm identified as Necator americanus, all the adult worms expelled following chemotherapy or examined at autopsy were Ancylostoma duodenale. Many children showed clinical manifestations and eggs in their faeces on day 1-26 after birth, and more cases occurred within 3 months of birth. Evidently, these infections were mostly transmitted from the mothers by transplacental and/or transmammary routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Yu
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
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23
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Xu LQ, Yu SH, Jiang ZX, Yang JL, Lai LQ, Zhang XJ, Zheng CQ. Soil-transmitted helminthiases: nationwide survey in China. Bull World Health Organ 1995; 73:507-13. [PMID: 7554023 PMCID: PMC2486772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A total of 2848 study sites, with about 500 people in each, were randomly sampled for this investigation which covered a total population of 1 477 742. By stool examinations using the Kato-Katz thick-smear and larval-culture techniques, overall prevalences of 47.0%, 18.8%, and 17.2% were obtained for Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and hookworm infections, respectively. The number of infections due to Ascaris, Trichuris, and hookworm was estimated as 531 million, 212 million, and 194 million, respectively. Egg counts showed that 75-95% of the subjects had light infections. Higher prevalences of ascariasis and trichuriasis were found in the age group of 5-9, 10-14 and 15-19 years, and among adults for hookworm. Students, farmers (including vegetable growers) and fishermen were the occupational groups with high infection rates. The prevalence of helminthiases was found to be closely associated with climatic and geographical factors. In view of the morbidity and mortality due to these helminthiases, their control, particularly in schoolchildren, is very important.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Q Xu
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai
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24
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Jiang ZX, Hu JG, Lu JS. [Timing of radical operation on Hirschsprung's disease in newborns]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 1994; 32:715-7. [PMID: 7774416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
From June 1987 to June 1993, 42 neonates with Hirschsprung's disease (NHD) were treated with modified Duhamel's procedure. The follow-up from 2 months to 5 years (mean 30 mons) showed satisfactory results in all survivors. Comparing with 21 infants with Hirschsprung's disease treated (IHD) with modified Swenson's method showed that: (1) The follow-up results of NHD were better than IHD; (2) The extent and degree of hypertrophy and dilatation of proximal and transitional segment were less serious in NHD and the length of resection was shorter than that of IHD (NHD: 14.5-24.1 cm, IHD: 33-40.5 cm); (3) The degree of pathological changes such as mucosal inflammation, ulcer formation, and degeneration of ganglion cells was related to the age, duration and the length of agangliosis. Hirschsprung's disease has a chronic progressive course. Early operation can decrease the secondary structural and functional damage to the intestine.
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Liu LP, Xu JP, Jiang ZX. [The three dimensional finite element analysis of the temporomandibular joint loading in 5 kinds of occlusal condition]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 1994; 29:368-71. [PMID: 7743886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Abstract
The present study has established that a flashlamp pumped coumarin dye laser is capable of fragmenting salivary calculi. The refinement of spectroscopic feed-back techniques will allow laser lithotripsy to complement ultrasonic lithotripsy in the non surgical management of salivary calculi.
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Affiliation(s)
- M McGurk
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Guy's Hospital, London
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Yu SH, Xu LQ, Jiang ZX, Xu SH, Han JJ, Zhu YG, Chang J, Lin JX, Xu FN. Nationwide survey of human parasite in China. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1994; 25:4-10. [PMID: 7825024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A nationwide survey of human parasites in China was conducted during 1988-1992, with a coverage of 30 provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities (P/A/M). A total of 2,848 pilot sites in 726 counties were selected by random sampling, and 1,477,742 individuals residing on were surveyed by fecal examination. The status of paragonimiasis, hydatid diseases, cysticercosis and trichinellosis were summarized through data review. The overall infection rate of intestinal parasites was 62.6% whereas at provincial level, the highest infection rate (94.7%) was recovered in Hainan, and the lowest (17.5%) in Heilong-jiang. A high proportion (43.3%) of polyparasitism among the infected population (882,080) was revealed. Altogether 56 species of parasites comprising protozoa (19), trematode (16), cestodes (8), nematodes (12) and thorny-headed worm (1) were discovered. During the survey a new species and several new records were documented. The number of the population infected with common intestinal parasites was estimated. The diversities of parasite distribution were noted in different nationalities as well as in varied occupations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Yu
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai
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28
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Jiang ZX. [External and intracavitary afterloading radiotherapy of cervical cancer: a report of 110 cases]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 1993; 28:651-2, 699-700. [PMID: 8313730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy is one of the major methods among the multidisciplinary treatments for carcinoma of the uterine cervix. A series of 110 patients with carcinoma of uterine cervix treated from May 1987 to December 1987 by 3-channel (Cs-137) Buchler afterloading was presented. The youngest patients was 31 while the oldest was 78 years old with an average age of 56 years. Squamous cell carcinoma was found in 104 of the patients, while 6 had adenocarcinomas. There were 2 cases with Stage I, 17 Stage II and 91 Stage III lesions. Whole pelvis irradiation was delivered with two large parallel anterior-posterior opposite fields. The dose was 2.5-3Gy given in one field a day, three times a week, the total dose was 42-52Gy at the middle line plane of pelvis. Intracavitary irradiation was started a week following the external irradiation. The dose rate at point A was 0.1-0.26Gy/min. The project was designed to deliver 25-30 Gy to point A by 5-6 frequency. The over-all 5-year survival rate of the whole series was 70%, with 82% for Stage II and 67% for Stage III lesions. The frequency of late rectal and bladder reactions was 10.9% and 4.5%, respectively.
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Abstract
Nonvisual laser lithotripsy implies laser fragmentation without the aid of endoscopic or direct vision. Using the laser delivery fiber for retrograde transmission of plasma spectrum and its analysis on an optical multichannel analyzer, we designed a project with the objective of identification and fragmentation of calculi by continuous analysis of the plasma feedback spectrum. We were successful in achieving the objectives in the in vitro and ex vivo studies. In the in vivo studies we successfully recorded the plasma spectrum of the stones from inside the ureter and monitored the process of fragmentation with the laser. We have been able to identify the problems for its clinical application. We conclude that by monitoring the feedback spectrum of plasma emission, nonvisual laser lithotripsy is reliable and safe, and can be used successfully in patients with some modifications. Its development is not to replace established endoscopic lithotripsy procedures but rather as an additional armament for the urologist in special situations. Also, the technique can be further exploited for a variety of clinical uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K Shah
- Institute of Urology, London, United Kingdom
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Zhang YW, Jiang ZX. Equivalent blackbody radiation theory and its use in the radiation property measurement of a semitransparent body. Appl Opt 1989; 28:4482-4486. [PMID: 20555899 DOI: 10.1364/ao.28.004482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
To quantitatively measure the ambient radiation reflected by a target, in an earlier paper [Zhang et al., Appl. Opt. 25, 3683-3689 (1986)] we presented the equivalent blackbody radiation theory. In this paper we give a theoretical demonstration of that theory and generalize it from the case of an opaque body to the case of a semitransparent body. Several methods are proposed to measure the transmittance, the emissivity, the reflectance, and the true temperature of an opaque or semitransparent body. Good quantitative experimental results are obtained.
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Xu LQ, Jiang ZX, Cheng ZS. [Preliminary study on praziquantel in the treatment of Echinochasmus perforliatus and Metagonimus yokogawai infections]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1988; 27:399-401, 453. [PMID: 3219943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Jiang ZX. [Preliminary survey of human parasites in the minority groups of Hainan Island]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 1988; 68:269-71, 20. [PMID: 3196948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Jiang ZX. [Human natural infection by Echinochasmus perfoliatus in Anhui Province]. Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao 1988; 10:68-71. [PMID: 2968183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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