1
|
Espeland M, Chazot N, Condamine FL, Lemmon AR, Lemmon EM, Pringle E, Heath A, Collins S, Tiren W, Mutiso M, Lees DC, Fisher S, Murphy R, Woodhall S, Tropek R, Ahlborn SS, Cockburn K, Dobson J, Bouyer T, Kaliszewska ZA, Baker CCM, Talavera G, Vila R, Gardiner AJ, Williams M, Martins DJ, Sáfián S, Edge DA, Pierce NE. Rapid radiation of ant parasitic butterflies during the Miocene aridification of Africa. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10046. [PMID: 37193112 PMCID: PMC10182571 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Africa has undergone a progressive aridification during the last 20 My that presumably impacted organisms and fostered the evolution of life history adaptations. We test the hypothesis that shift to living in ant nests and feeding on ant brood by larvae of phyto-predaceous Lepidochrysops butterflies was an adaptive response to the aridification of Africa that facilitated the subsequent radiation of butterflies in this genus. Using anchored hybrid enrichment we constructed a time-calibrated phylogeny for Lepidochrysops and its closest, non-parasitic relatives in the Euchrysops section (Poloyommatini). We estimated ancestral areas across the phylogeny with process-based biogeographical models and diversification rates relying on time-variable and clade-heterogeneous birth-death models. The Euchrysops section originated with the emerging Miombo woodlands about 22 million years ago (Mya) and spread to drier biomes as they became available in the late Miocene. The diversification of the non-parasitic lineages decreased as aridification intensified around 10 Mya, culminating in diversity decline. In contrast, the diversification of the phyto-predaceous Lepidochrysops lineage proceeded rapidly from about 6.5 Mya when this unusual life history likely first evolved. The Miombo woodlands were the cradle for diversification of the Euchrysops section, and our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that aridification during the Miocene selected for a phyto-predaceous life history in species of Lepidochrysops, with ant nests likely providing caterpillars a safe refuge from fire and a source of food when vegetation was scarce.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Espeland
- Centre for Taxonomy and MorphologyLeibniz Institute for the Analysis of Evolutionary Change – Museum KoenigBonnGermany
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative ZoologyHarvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Nicolas Chazot
- Department of EcologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Fabien L. Condamine
- CNRSUMR 5554 Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Alan R. Lemmon
- Department of Scientific ComputingFlorida State UniversityTallahasseeFloridaUSA
| | | | | | - Alan Heath
- Lepidopterists' Society of AfricaKnysnaSouth Africa
| | | | | | | | - David C. Lees
- Department of Life SciencesNatural History MuseumLondonUK
| | | | | | | | - Robert Tropek
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of ScienceCharles UniversityPragueCzechia
- Institute of Entomology, Biology CentreCzech Academy of SciencesCeske BudejoviceCzechia
| | - Svenja S. Ahlborn
- Centre for Taxonomy and MorphologyLeibniz Institute for the Analysis of Evolutionary Change – Museum KoenigBonnGermany
| | | | | | | | - Zofia A. Kaliszewska
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative ZoologyHarvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Christopher C. M. Baker
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative ZoologyHarvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Gerard Talavera
- Institut Botànic de Barcelona (IBB, CSIC‐Ajuntament de Barcelona)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC‐UPF)BarcelonaSpain
| | | | | | - Dino J. Martins
- Turkana Basin InstituteStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew YorkUSA
| | - Szabolcs Sáfián
- Institute of Silviculture and Forest ProtectionUniversity of SopronSopronHungary
| | | | - Naomi E. Pierce
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative ZoologyHarvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wasser SK, Wolock CJ, Kuhner MK, Brown JE, Morris C, Horwitz RJ, Wong A, Fernandez CJ, Otiende MY, Hoareau Y, Kaliszewska ZA, Jeon E, Han KL, Weir BS. Elephant genotypes reveal the size and connectivity of transnational ivory traffickers. Nat Hum Behav 2022; 6:371-382. [PMID: 35165434 PMCID: PMC10693927 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-021-01267-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Transnational ivory traffickers continue to smuggle large shipments of elephant ivory out of Africa, yet prosecutions and convictions remain few. We identify trafficking networks on the basis of genetic matching of tusks from the same individual or close relatives in separate shipments. Analyses are drawn from 4,320 savannah (Loxodonta africana) and forest (L. cyclotis) elephant tusks, sampled from 49 large ivory seizures totalling 111 t, shipped out of Africa between 2002 and 2019. Network analyses reveal a repeating pattern wherein tusks from the same individual or close relatives are found in separate seizures that were containerized in, and transited through, common African ports. Results suggest that individual traffickers are exporting dozens of shipments, with considerable connectivity between traffickers operating in different ports. These tools provide a framework to combine evidence from multiple investigations, strengthen prosecutions and support indictment and prosecution of transnational ivory traffickers for the totality of their crimes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel K Wasser
- Center for Environmental Forensic Science, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Charles J Wolock
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mary K Kuhner
- Center for Environmental Forensic Science, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - John E Brown
- US Department of Homeland Security, Homeland Security Investigations, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Ryan J Horwitz
- Geospatial Data Sciences, University of Michigan School for Environment and Sustainability, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Anna Wong
- Center for Wildlife Forensics, National Parks Board, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Moses Y Otiende
- Forensic and Genetics Laboratory, Kenya Wildlife Service, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Yves Hoareau
- Center for Environmental Forensic Science, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Zofia A Kaliszewska
- Center for Environmental Forensic Science, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eunjin Jeon
- Center for Environmental Forensic Science, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kin-Lan Han
- Center for Environmental Forensic Science, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bruce S Weir
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yohe LR, Leiser-Miller LB, Kaliszewska ZA, Donat P, Santana SE, Dávalos LM. Diversity in olfactory receptor repertoires is associated with dietary specialization in a genus of frugivorous bat. G3 (Bethesda) 2021; 11:jkab260. [PMID: 34568918 PMCID: PMC8473985 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkab260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian olfactory receptor genes (ORs) are a diverse family of genes encoding proteins that directly interact with environmental chemical cues. ORs evolve via gene duplication in a birth-death fashion, neofunctionalizing and pseudogenizing over time. Olfaction is a primary sense used for food detection in plant-visiting bats, but the relationship between dietary specialization and OR repertoire diversity is unclear. Within neotropical Leaf-nosed bats (Phyllostomidae), many lineages are plant specialists, and some have a distinct OR repertoire compared to insectivorous species. Yet, whether specialization on particular plant genera is associated with the evolution of specialized, less diverse OR repertoires has never been tested. Using targeted sequence capture, we sequenced the OR repertoires of three sympatric species of short-tailed fruit bats (Carollia), which vary in their degree of specialization on the fruits of Piper plants. We characterized orthologous vs duplicated receptors among Carollia species, and explored the diversity and redundancy of the receptor gene repertoire. At the species level, the most dedicated Piper specialist, Carollia castanea, had lower OR diversity compared to the two generalists (C. sowelli and C. perspicillata), but we discovered a few unique sets of ORs within C. castanea with high redundancy of similar gene duplicates. These unique receptors potentially enable C. castanea to detect Piper fruit odorants better than its two congeners. Carollia perspicillata, the species with the most generalist diet, had a higher diversity of intact receptors, suggesting the ability to detect a wider range of odorant molecules. Variation among ORs may be a factor in the coexistence of these sympatric species, facilitating the exploitation of different plant resources. Our study sheds light on how gene duplication and changes in OR diversity may play a role in dietary adaptations and underlie ecological interactions between bats and plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurel R Yohe
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | | | | | - Paul Donat
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Sharlene E Santana
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Liliana M Dávalos
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
- Consortium for Inter-Disciplinary Environmental Research, School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Santana SE, Kaliszewska ZA, Leiser-Miller LB, Lauterbur ME, Arbour JH, Dávalos LM, Riffell JA. Fruit odorants mediate co-specialization in a multispecies plant-animal mutualism. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20210312. [PMID: 34375556 PMCID: PMC8354748 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.0312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the widespread notion that animal-mediated seed dispersal led to the evolution of fruit traits that attract mutualistic frugivores, the dispersal syndrome hypothesis remains controversial, particularly for complex traits such as fruit scent. Here, we test this hypothesis in a community of mutualistic, ecologically important neotropical bats (Carollia spp.) and plants (Piper spp.) that communicate primarily via chemical signals. We found greater bat consumption is significantly associated with scent chemical diversity and presence of specific compounds, which fit multi-peak selective regime models in Piper. Through behavioural assays, we found Carollia prefer certain compounds, particularly 2-heptanol, which evolved as a unique feature of two Piper species highly consumed by these bats. Thus, we demonstrate that volatile compounds emitted by neotropical Piper fruits evolved in tandem with seed dispersal by scent-oriented Carollia bats. Specifically, fruit scent chemistry in some Piper species fits adaptive evolutionary scenarios consistent with a dispersal syndrome hypothesis. While other abiotic and biotic processes likely shaped the chemical composition of ripe fruit scent in Piper, our results provide some of the first evidence of the effect of bat frugivory on plant chemical diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharlene E. Santana
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | | | - M. Elise Lauterbur
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Jessica H. Arbour
- Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA
| | - Liliana M. Dávalos
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
- Center for Inter-Disciplinary Environmental Research, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Talavera G, Kaliszewska ZA, Heath A, Pierce NE. Recent diversification of Chrysoritis butterflies in the South African Cape (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2020; 148:106817. [PMID: 32289447 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Although best known for its extraordinary radiations of endemic plant species, the South African fynbos is home to a great diversity of phytophagous insects, including butterflies in the genus Chrysoritis (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). These butterflies are remarkably uniform morphologically; nevertheless, they comprise 43 currently accepted species and 68 currently valid taxonomic names. While many species have highly restricted, dot-like distributions, others are widespread. Here, we investigate the phylogenetic and biogeographic history underlying their diversification by analyzing molecular markers from 406 representatives of all described species throughout their respective ranges. We recover monophyletic clades for both C. chrysaor and C. thysbe species-groups, and identify a set of lineages that fall between them. The estimated age of divergence for the genus is 32 Mya, and we document significantly rapid diversification of the thysbe species-group in the Pleistocene (~2 Mya). Using ancestral geographic range reconstruction, we show that West Fynbos is the most likely region of origin for the radiation of the thysbe species-group. The colonization of this region occurred 9 Mya and appears to have been followed by a long period of relative stasis before a recent increase in diversification. Thus, the thysbe radiation does not appear to have resulted from the colonization of new biogeographic areas. Rather, the impact of species interactions (with ants and plants), the appearance of key innovations, and/or the opening of new ecological niche space in the region might explain the sudden burst of speciation that occurred in this group 2 Mya. The biogeographic model suggests two different diversification processes with few historical cross-colonisations, one in eastern South Africa for the C. chrysaor group and the other in western South Africa for the remaining taxa. Distributional range assessments and ecological niche models for each species show important niche overlap, and in a few cases, complete overlap. However, these shared traits are not explained by phylogenetic history. Chrysoritis taxa frequently fly in sympatry and gene tree reticulation appears to be widespread at the species level, suggesting that several episodes of range shifts might have led to secondary sympatries, allowing limited gene flow that challenges species delimitation efforts. In addition, the unusually high diversification rate for the thysbe clade of 1.35 [0.91-1.81] lineages per million years also suggests the possibility of taxonomic oversplitting. The phylogeny presented here provides a framework for a taxonomic revision of the genus. We highlight cases of potential synonymy both in allopatry and sympatry, and stress the importance of dedicated studies to assess potential pre- and post-zygotic barriers giving rise to species delimitations of the thysbe group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Talavera
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States.
| | - Zofia A Kaliszewska
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States; Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Alan Heath
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States; Iziko South African Museum, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Naomi E Pierce
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Leiser-Miller LB, Kaliszewska ZA, Lauterbur ME, Mann B, Riffell JA, Santana SE. A Fruitful Endeavor: Scent Cues and Echolocation Behavior Used by Carollia castanea to Find Fruit. Integr Org Biol 2020; 2:obaa007. [PMID: 33791551 PMCID: PMC7671165 DOI: 10.1093/iob/obaa007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Frugivores have evolved sensory and behavioral adaptations that allow them to find ripe fruit effectively, but the relative importance of different senses in varying foraging scenarios is still poorly understood. Within Neotropical ecosystems, short-tailed fruit bats (Carollia: Phyllostomidae) are abundant nocturnal frugivores that rely primarily on Piper fruits as a food resource. Previous research has demonstrated that Carollia employs olfaction and echolocation to locate Piper fruit, but it is unknown how their sensory use and foraging decisions are influenced by the complex diversity of chemical cues that fruiting plants produce. Using free-ranging C. castanea and their preferred food, Piper sancti-felicis, we conducted behavioral experiments to test two main hypotheses: (1) foraging decisions in C. castanea are primarily driven by ripe fruit scent and secondarily by vegetation scent, and (2) C. castanea re-weights their sensory inputs to account for available environmental cues, with bats relying more heavily on echolocation in the absence of adequate scent cues. Our results suggest that C. castanea requires olfactory information and relies almost exclusively on ripe fruit scent to make foraging attempts. Piper sancti-felicis ripe fruit scent is chemically distinct from vegetation scent; it is dominated by 2-heptanol, which is absent from vegetation scent, and has a greater abundance of β-caryophyllene, β-ocimene, γ-elemene, and α-cubebene. Although variation in echolocation call parameters was independent of scent cue presence, bats emitted longer and more frequent echolocation calls in trials where fruit scent was absent. Altogether, these results highlight the adaptations and plasticity of the sensory system in neotropical fruit bats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L B Leiser-Miller
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Z A Kaliszewska
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - M E Lauterbur
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Brianna Mann
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - J A Riffell
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - S E Santana
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Schär S, Eastwood R, Arnaldi KG, Talavera G, Kaliszewska ZA, Boyle JH, Espeland M, Nash DR, Vila R, Pierce NE. Ecological specialization is associated with genetic structure in the ant-associated butterfly family Lycaenidae. Proc Biol Sci 2018; 285:rspb.2018.1158. [PMID: 30209224 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.1158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of specialization in diversification can be explored along two geological axes in the butterfly family Lycaenidae. In addition to variation in host-plant specialization normally exhibited by butterflies, the caterpillars of most Lycaenidae have symbioses with ants ranging from no interactions through to obligate and specific associations, increasing niche dimensionality in ant-associated taxa. Based on mitochondrial sequences from 8282 specimens from 967 species and 249 genera, we show that the degree of ecological specialization of lycaenid species is positively correlated with genetic divergence, haplotype diversity and an increase in isolation by distance. Nucleotide substitution rate is higher in carnivorous than phytophagous lycaenids. The effects documented here for both micro- and macroevolutionary processes could result from increased spatial segregation as a consequence of reduced connectivity in specialists, niche-based divergence or a combination of both. They could also provide an explanation for the extraordinary diversity of the Lycaenidae and, more generally, for diversity in groups of organisms with similar multi-dimensional ecological specialization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sämi Schär
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37, Barcelona 08003, Spain.,Centre for Social Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, Copenhagen Ø 2100, Denmark
| | - Rodney Eastwood
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Institute for Agricultural Sciences Biocommunication and Entomology, Weinbergstrasse 56-58, Zürich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Kimberly G Arnaldi
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Gerard Talavera
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Zofia A Kaliszewska
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - John H Boyle
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Marianne Espeland
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Arthropoda Department, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Adenauer Allee 160, Bonn 53113, Germany
| | - David R Nash
- Centre for Social Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, Copenhagen Ø 2100, Denmark
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Naomi E Pierce
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kaliszewska ZA, Lohman DJ, Sommer K, Adelson G, Rand DB, Mathew J, Talavera G, Pierce NE. When caterpillars attack: Biogeography and life history evolution of the Miletinae (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Evolution 2015; 69:571-88. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zofia A. Kaliszewska
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts 02138
| | - David J. Lohman
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts 02138
- Biology Department, City College of New York; City University of New York; New York New York 10031
- Graduate Center; City University of New York; New York New York 10016
- Entomology Section; National Museum of the Philippines; Manila 1000 Philippines
| | - Kathrin Sommer
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts 02138
- Institut für Pathologie, Bonner Forum Biomedizin; Universitäts Klinikum Bonn; 53127 Bonn Germany
| | - Glenn Adelson
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts 02138
- Environmental Studies Program; Lake Forest College; Lake Forest Illinois 60045
| | - Douglas B. Rand
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts 02138
| | - John Mathew
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts 02138
- Department of Biological Sciences; Old Dominion University; Norfolk Virginia 23529
- Department of Humanities and Social Science; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research; Pune Maharashtra 411 008 India
| | - Gerard Talavera
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts 02138
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF); Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta; 37-49, 08003 Barcelona Spain
- Faculty of Biology & Soil Science; St. Petersburg State University; 199034 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Naomi E. Pierce
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts 02138
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kaliszewska ZA, Seger J, Rowntree VJ, Barco SG, Benegas R, Best PB, Brown MW, Brownell RL, Carribero A, Harcourt R, Knowlton AR, Marshall-Tilas K, Patenaude NJ, Rivarola M, Schaeff CM, Sironi M, Smith WA, Yamada TK. Population histories of right whales (Cetacea: Eubalaena) inferred from mitochondrial sequence diversities and divergences of their whale lice (Amphipoda: Cyamus). Mol Ecol 2006; 14:3439-56. [PMID: 16156814 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2005.02664.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Right whales carry large populations of three 'whale lice' (Cyamus ovalis, Cyamus gracilis, Cyamus erraticus) that have no other hosts. We used sequence variation in the mitochondrial COI gene to ask (i) whether cyamid population structures might reveal associations among right whale individuals and subpopulations, (ii) whether the divergences of the three nominally conspecific cyamid species on North Atlantic, North Pacific, and southern right whales (Eubalaena glacialis, Eubalaena japonica, Eubalaena australis) might indicate their times of separation, and (iii) whether the shapes of cyamid gene trees might contain information about changes in the population sizes of right whales. We found high levels of nucleotide diversity but almost no population structure within oceans, indicating large effective population sizes and high rates of transfer between whales and subpopulations. North Atlantic and Southern Ocean populations of all three species are reciprocally monophyletic, and North Pacific C. erraticus is well separated from North Atlantic and southern C. erraticus. Mitochondrial clock calibrations suggest that these divergences occurred around 6 million years ago (Ma), and that the Eubalaena mitochondrial clock is very slow. North Pacific C. ovalis forms a clade inside the southern C. ovalis gene tree, implying that at least one right whale has crossed the equator in the Pacific Ocean within the last 1-2 million years (Myr). Low-frequency polymorphisms are more common than expected under neutrality for populations of constant size, but there is no obvious signal of rapid, interspecifically congruent expansion of the kind that would be expected if North Atlantic or southern right whales had experienced a prolonged population bottleneck within the last 0.5 Myr.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zofia A Kaliszewska
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|